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padding: 2px 5px\"\u003E\n\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\t\n\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-image\"\u003E\n \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedija:Mjesec_Azije/2024\" title=\"Wikipedija:Mjesec Azije/2024\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/25px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"25\" height=\"27\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/38px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/50px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"859\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\n\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\" style=\"\"\u003E Od 1. do 30. novembra održava se uređivački maraton \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedija:Mjesec_Azije/2024\" title=\"Wikipedija:Mjesec Azije/2024\"\u003EMjesec 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Poreklo_reči" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poreklo_reči"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Poreklo reči</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poreklo_reči-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nomenklatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nomenklatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Nomenklatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nomenklatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tipovi_galaksija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tipovi_galaksija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tipovi galaksija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tipovi_galaksija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Tipovi galaksija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tipovi_galaksija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eliptične_galaksije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eliptične_galaksije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Eliptične galaksije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eliptične_galaksije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spiralne_galaksije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spiralne_galaksije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Spiralne galaksije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spiralne_galaksije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Patuljaste_galaksije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Patuljaste_galaksije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Patuljaste galaksije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Patuljaste_galaksije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istorijski_pregled" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istorijski_pregled"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Istorijski pregled</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istorijski_pregled-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Istorijski pregled</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istorijski_pregled-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mlečni_put" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mlečni_put"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Mlečni put</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mlečni_put-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Razlikovanje_od_drugih_nebula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Razlikovanje_od_drugih_nebula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Razlikovanje od drugih nebula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Razlikovanje_od_drugih_nebula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povezano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povezano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Povezano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povezano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spoljašnje_veze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Spoljašnje veze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spoljašnje_veze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Galaksija</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 177 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-177" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">177 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterrestelsel" title="Sterrestelsel — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sterrestelsel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Švajcarsko nemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Švajcarsko nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%A8%E1%8C%A8%E1%89%B5" title="ረጨት — Amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ረጨት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia" title="Galaxia — Aragonežanski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Galaxia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonežanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="मंदाकिनी — Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मंदाकिनी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="مجرة — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="مجرة — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="مجرة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%87" title="مجره — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مجره" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="তাৰকাৰাজ্য — Asemijski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="তাৰকাৰাজ্য" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asemijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxa" title="Galaxa — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Galaxa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Галаксия — Avarski" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Галаксия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qalaktika" title="Qalaktika — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qalaktika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="قالاکسی — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قالاکسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Baškir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baškir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galakt%C4%97ka" title="Galaktėka — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Galaktėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksiya" title="Galaksiya — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Galaksiya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактыка — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Галактыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галяктыка — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Галяктыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jula-juli" title="Jula-juli — Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Jula-juli" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80" title="गैलेक्सी — Biharski" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="गैलेक्सी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Biharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A5" title="ছায়াপথ — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ছায়াপথ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B" title="སྐར་མའི་མ་ལག་ — Tibetanski" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྐར་མའི་མ་ལག་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksienn" title="Galaksienn — Bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Galaksienn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksija" title="Galaksija — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Galaksija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal%C3%A0xia" title="Galàxia — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Galàxia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksiya" title="Galaksiya — Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Galaksiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%83%E1%8F%88%E1%8F%8F_%E1%8E%A4%E1%8E%BE%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B7%E1%8E%AC" title="ᏃᏈᏏ ᎤᎾᏓᎷᎬ — Čeroki" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏃᏈᏏ ᎤᎾᏓᎷᎬ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Čeroki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%95%D9%84%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%95" title="گەلەستێرە — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گەلەستێرە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaeth" title="Galaeth — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Galaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Galakse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksiye" title="Galaksiye — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Galaksiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BE%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Γαλαξίες — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γαλαξίες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal%C3%A2sia" title="Galâsia — Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Galâsia" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Galaxy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksio" title="Galaksio — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Galaksio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia" title="Galaxia — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Galaxia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktika" title="Galaktika — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Galaktika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia" title="Galaxia — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Galaxia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galassia" title="Galassia — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Galassia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%87%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کهکشان — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کهکشان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsirgurada_(t%C3%A4hetiid%C3%BCs)" title="Tsirgurada (tähetiidüs) — Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tsirgurada (tähetiidüs)" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoso_kalokalo" title="Isoso kalokalo — Fidžijski" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Isoso kalokalo" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fidžijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stj%C3%B8rnubreyt" title="Stjørnubreyt — Farski" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Stjørnubreyt" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Farski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksii" title="Galaksii — Severno-frizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Galaksii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Severno-frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galassie" title="Galassie — Friulijski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Galassie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stjerrestelsel_(molkewei)" title="Stjerrestelsel (molkewei) — Frizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Stjerrestelsel (molkewei)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9altra" title="Réaltra — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Réaltra" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reul-chrios" title="Reul-chrios — Škotski Galski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Reul-chrios" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Škotski Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia" title="Galaxia — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Galaxia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapyvore" title="Arapyvore — Gvarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arapyvore" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Gvarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-rollageys" title="Co-rollageys — Manks" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Co-rollageys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AAn-hi" title="Sên-hi — hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sên-hi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="גלקסיה — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גלקסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="मन्दाकिनी — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मन्दाकिनी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tara_ke_samundar" title="Tara ke samundar — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Tara ke samundar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktika" title="Galaktika — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Galaktika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Haićanski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haićanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxis" title="Galaxis — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Galaxis" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Գալակտիկաներ — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գալակտիկաներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia" title="Galaxia — Interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Galaxia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxe" title="Galaxe — Interlingve" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Galaxe" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingve" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%A4y%E1%BB%8Dk%E1%BB%8D_kpakpando" title="Ụyọkọ kpakpando — Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ụyọkọ kpakpando" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariwanas" title="Ariwanas — Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ariwanas" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxio" title="Galaxio — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Galaxio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stj%C3%B6rnu%C3%BEoka" title="Stjörnuþoka — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stjörnuþoka" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galassia" title="Galassia — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Galassia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E6%B2%B3" title="銀河 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="銀河" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gialaxi" title="Gialaxi — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Gialaxi" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/barda_tarci_bo_girzu" title="barda tarci bo girzu — Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="barda tarci bo girzu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="გალაქტიკა — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გალაქტიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktika" title="Galaktika — Kara-kalpaški" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Galaktika" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-kalpaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazellaw" title="Amazellaw — Kabile" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Amazellaw" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabile" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naal%C9%A9m_maya%C9%A3" title="Naalɩm mayaɣ — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Naalɩm mayaɣ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1" title="ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಾಂಡ — Kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಾಂಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%80%ED%95%98" title="은하 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="은하" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82" title="Мырыт — Karačaj-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Мырыт" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karačaj-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%82_%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%96%D8%B1" title="جادۂ شيٖر — Kašmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="جادۂ شيٖر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kašmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaks%C3%AE" title="Galaksî — Kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Galaksî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Korniški" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Korniški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxias" title="Galaxias — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Galaxias" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Lezgian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galasia" title="Galasia — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Galasia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starest%C3%A8lsel" title="Starestèlsel — Limburgiš" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Starestèlsel" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galassia" title="Galassia — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Galassia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galassia" title="Galassia — lombardski" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Galassia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktika" title="Galaktika — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Galaktika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktika" title="Galaktika — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Galaktika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Галактикась — Mokša" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Галактикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mokša" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vondron-kintana" title="Vondron-kintana — Malagazijski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Vondron-kintana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagazijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Галаксија — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Галаксија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%82" title="താരാപഥം — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="താരാപഥം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Галактик — Mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Галактик" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="दीर्घिका — Marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दीर्घिका" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal%C3%A1xia" title="Galáxia — Mirandeški" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Galáxia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandeški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AE" title="ဂယ်လက်ဆီ — Burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂယ်လက်ဆီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%87%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86" title="کهکشون — mazanderanski" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کهکشون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citlalpopocac" title="Citlalpopocac — Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Citlalpopocac" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Niski nemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niski nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C" title="तारापुञ्ज — Nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="तारापुञ्ज" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterrenstelsel" title="Sterrenstelsel — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sterrenstelsel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Galakse" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galakse" title="Galakse — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Galakse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia" title="Galaxia — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Galaxia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda — Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Ruda" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9B%E0%AC%BE%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%A5" title="ଛାୟାପଥ — Orijski" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଛାୟାପଥ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Orijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE" title="ਅਕਾਸ਼ਗੰਗਾ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਕਾਸ਼ਗੰਗਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy — Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Galaxy" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galacsie" title="Galacsie — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Galacsie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktyka" title="Galaktyka — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Galaktyka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galassia" title="Galassia — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Galassia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="تارا سمندر — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تارا سمندر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%87%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کهکشان — Paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کهکشان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal%C3%A1xia" title="Galáxia — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Galáxia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91u%C3%B1u_warani" title="Ñuñu warani — Kvenča" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ñuñu warani" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kvenča" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia" title="Galaxia — Reto-Romanski" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Galaxia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Reto-Romanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samodor" title="Samodor — Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Samodor" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Galaxie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ґалаксія — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ґалаксія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE" title="आकाशगङ्गा — Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="आकाशगङ्गा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галаактика — Jakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Галаактика" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galassia" title="Galassia — Sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Galassia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%87%DA%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ڪهڪشان — Sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪهڪشان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asif_n_ignwan" title="Asif n ignwan — tahelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Asif n ignwan" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tahelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%92" title="මන්දාකිණි — Singaleski" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මන්දාකිණි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singaleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Galaxy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxia" title="Galaxia — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Galaxia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksija" title="Galaksija — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Galaksija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzvcazi" title="Muzvcazi — Šona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Muzvcazi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Šona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yllplimja" title="Yllplimja — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Yllplimja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Галаксија — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Галаксија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Sudanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sudanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galax" title="Galax — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Galax" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majarra" title="Majarra — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Majarra" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88" title="விண்மீன் பேரடை — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விண்மீன் பேரடை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80" title="గేలక్సీ — Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గేలక్సీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Tađik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tađik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="ดาราจักร — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาราจักร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktika" title="Galaktika — Turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Galaktika" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksiya" title="Galaksiya — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Galaksiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksi" title="Galaksi — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Galaksi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Каптагай — Tuvinijski" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Каптагай" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Галактика — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Галактика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%81%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="کہکشاں — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کہکشاں" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktika" title="Galaktika — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Galaktika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C5%82asia" title="Gałasia — venecijanski" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Gałasia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venecijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaktik" title="Galaktik — Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Galaktik" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članci"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_h%C3%A0" title="Thiên hà — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thiên hà" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksiya" title="Galaksiya — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Galaksiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB" title="星系 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="星系" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="გალაქტიკა — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გალაქტიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A2" title="גאלאקסיע — Jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גאלאקסיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB" title="星系 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="星系" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B2%B3" title="天河 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="天河" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%AEn-h%C3%B4" title="Gîn-hô — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gîn-hô" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%B3%BB" title="星系 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="星系" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umthalakazi" title="Umthalakazi — Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umthalakazi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q318#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Galaksija" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Razgovor:Galaksija" rel="discussion" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:NGC_4414_(NASA-med).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/NGC_4414_%28NASA-med%29.jpg/300px-NGC_4414_%28NASA-med%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/NGC_4414_%28NASA-med%29.jpg/450px-NGC_4414_%28NASA-med%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/NGC_4414_%28NASA-med%29.jpg/600px-NGC_4414_%28NASA-med%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1730" data-file-height="1428" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/NGC_4414" title="NGC 4414">NGC 4414</a>, tipična spiralna galaktika u <a href="/wiki/Konstelacija" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstelacija">konstelaciji</a> <a href="/wiki/Berenikina_kosa" title="Berenikina kosa">Berenikinoj kosi</a> ima prečnik od 55.000 <a href="/wiki/Svjetlosna_godina" title="Svjetlosna godina">svetlosnih godina</a> i od Zemlje je udaljena približno 60 miliona svetlosnih godina.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Galaksija</b> (grč. <i>γαλαξίας</i>: Mlečna staza) ili <b>galaktika</b> (od <a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dki_jezik" title="Grčki jezik">grč.</a> <i>κύκλος γαλακτικός</i>: mlečni krug), gravitacijom vezan sistem sastavljen od <a href="/wiki/Zvijezda" title="Zvijezda">zvezda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvjezdani_ostaci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zvjezdani ostaci (stranica ne postoji)">zvezdanih ostataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91uzvjezdana_tvar" title="Međuzvjezdana tvar">međuzvezdanog gasa</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmi%C4%8Dka_pra%C5%A1ina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmička prašina (stranica ne postoji)">prašine</a> te <a href="/wiki/Tamna_materija" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamna materija">tamne materije</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sparkegallagher2000_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sparkegallagher2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nasa060812_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa060812-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Galaksije se po veličini dele na one najmanje (patuljaste) koje sadrže oko 10 miliona zvezda do enormno velikih koje sadrže i do bilion(10<sup>12</sup>) zvezda. Pretpostavlja se da u vidljivom delu univerzuma postoji preko stotinu milijardi (10<sup>11</sup>) galaksija.<sup id="cite_ref-science250_4980_539_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-science250_4980_539-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-apj624_2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apj624_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Galaksije se mogu grupisati na osnovu njihove vizuelne morfologije, uključujući <a href="/wiki/Elipti%C4%8Dka_galaksija" title="Eliptička galaksija">eliptičke</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-uf030616_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uf030616-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Spiralna_galaksija" title="Spiralna galaksija">spiralne</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Nepravilna_galaksija" title="Nepravilna galaksija">iregularne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IRatlas_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRatlas-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Za mnoge galaksije se smatra da imaju <a href="/wiki/Crna_rupa" title="Crna rupa">crne rupe</a> u svom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktivni_galakti%C4%8Dki_nukleus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aktivni galaktički nukleus (stranica ne postoji)">aktivnom centru</a>. Centralna crna rupa Mlečnog puta, poznata kao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagitarius_A*&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagitarius A* (stranica ne postoji)">Sagitarius A*</a>, ima masu koja je četiri miliona puta veća od Sunca.<sup id="cite_ref-smbh_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smbh-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Većina galaksija u prečniku ima od hiljadu pa do stotinu hiljada parseka (par desetina hiljada pa do par stotina hiljada svetlosnih godina). Galaksije su jedna od druge često udaljene više miliona parseka (ili megaparseka).<sup id="cite_ref-camb_lss_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-camb_lss-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Galaksije su međusobno povezane gravitacijom i kao takve čine skup ili galaktičko jato, koja zajedno mogu formirati i superjato. Pretpostavlja se da 90% materije u galaksiji čini takozvana tamna materija. Podaci prikupljeni posmatranjem govore da većina galaksija sadrži barem po jednu supermasivnu crnu rupu u svom centru. Vrlo je verovatno da naša galaksija, <a href="/wiki/Mlije%C4%8Dna_staza" title="Mliječna staza">Mlečni put</a> poseduje jedan takav objekat. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poreklo_reči"><span id="Poreklo_re.C4.8Di"></span>Poreklo reči</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Poreklo reči" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Poreklo reči"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reč „galaksija“ potiče od grčke reči „galaksijas“ („<i>γαλαξίας</i>“) odnosno „kiklos galaktikos“ i u prevodu znači „mlečni krug“ jer takav izgled imaju pojedine galaksije kada su posmatrane pod vedrim nebom. </p><p>Kada je <a href="/wiki/Vilijam_Her%C5%A1el" class="mw-redirect" title="Vilijam Heršel">Vilijam Heršel</a> napisao katalog o objektima u dubokom svemiru upotrebio je naziv „spiralne nebule“ misleći prevashodno na galaksije poput <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andromeda_M31&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andromeda M31 (stranica ne postoji)">Andromede M31</a>. Kasnije, kada se utvrdila prava udaljenost ovih objekata, galaksije su nazivane i „masivne konglomeracije zvezda“ ili „kosmička ostrva“. Ipak, uzevši u obzir da reč „kosmos“ predstavlja celinu svega postojećeg, naziv je odbačen, tako da su masivni gravitacijom vezani skupovi zvezda postali poznati kao galaksije. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nomenklatura">Nomenklatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Nomenklatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Nomenklatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Desetine hiljada galaksija je popisano. Samo mali broj njih ima dobro poznata imena, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Messier_31" title="Messier 31">galakcija Andromeda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magelanski_oblaci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magelanski oblaci (stranica ne postoji)">Magelanski oblaci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Messier_51" title="Messier 51">galaksija Vrtlog</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija_Sombrero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galaksija Sombrero (stranica ne postoji)">galaksija Sombrero</a>. Astronomi koriste indentifikatore iz određenih kataloga, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Messierov_katalog" title="Messierov katalog">Mesijeov katalog</a>, NGC (<a href="/wiki/Novi_op%C5%A1ti_katalog" title="Novi opšti katalog">Novi opšti katalog</a>), IC (<a href="/wiki/Novi_op%C5%A1ti_katalog" title="Novi opšti katalog">Indeksni katalog</a>), CGCG (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalog_galaksija_i_klastera_galaksija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katalog galaksija i klastera galaksija (stranica ne postoji)">Katalog galaksija i klastera galaksija</a>), MCG (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Morfolo%C5%A1ki_katalog_galaksija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morfološki katalog galaksija (stranica ne postoji)">Morfološki katalog galaksija</a>) i UGC (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Upsalski_op%C5%A1ti_katalog&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upsalski opšti katalog (stranica ne postoji)">Upsalski opšti katalog</a> galaksija). Sve dobro poznate galaksije se javljaju u jednom ili više kataloga, mada su svakom od njih pod različitim brojem. Na primer, <a href="/wiki/Messier_109" title="Messier 109">Messier 109</a>, spiralni sistem koji je pod brojem 109 u Mesijevom katalogu, takođe ima kodove NCG3992, UGC6937, CGCG 269-023, MCG +09-20-044 i PGC 37617. </p><p>U nauci je uobičajeno da se dodele imena većini izučavanih predmeta, čak i onim najmanjim, te su belgijski astrofizičar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerard_Bodifee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerard Bodifee (stranica ne postoji)">Gerard Bodifi</a> i klasičar Majkl Berger su počeli novi katalog (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerard_Bodifee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerard Bodifee (stranica ne postoji)">CNG - katalog imenovanih galaksija</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> u kome su hiljadi dobro poznatih galaksija data smislena, opisna imena na Latinskom (ili latinizovanom Grčkom)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> u skladu sa binomijalnom nomenklaturom koja se koristi u drugim naukama, kao što su biologija, anatomija, <a href="/wiki/Paleontologija" title="Paleontologija">paleontologija</a> i u drugim poljima astronomije, kao što je geografija Marsa. Jedan od argumenata u podršci tog posla je da ti impresivni objekti zaslužuju bolji tretman od neinspirativnih kodova. Na primer, Bodifee i Berger predlažu neformalno, opisno ime <i><span lang="la">Callimorphus Ursae Majoris</span></i> za dobro formiranu galaksiju <i>Messier 109</i> u <i>Ursa Majoru</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tipovi_galaksija">Tipovi galaksija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Tipovi galaksija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Tipovi galaksija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Morfolo%C5%A1ka_klasifikacija_galaksija" title="Morfološka klasifikacija galaksija">Morfološka klasifikacija galaksija</a></i></div></dd></dl> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Hubble_sequence_photo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Hubble_sequence_photo.png/340px-Hubble_sequence_photo.png" decoding="async" width="340" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Hubble_sequence_photo.png/510px-Hubble_sequence_photo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Hubble_sequence_photo.png/680px-Hubble_sequence_photo.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption>Tipovi galaksija po Hablovoj klasifikaciji. ‘E’ označava eliptičnu galaksiju; ‘S’ spiralnu galaksiju, ‘SB’ predstavlja krakovitu spiralnu galaksiju</figcaption></figure> <p>Galaksije se dele na tri glavna tipa: eliptične, spiralne, i neregularne. Uzevši u obzir da se Hablova klasifikacija bazira isključivo na <a href="/wiki/Morfolo%C5%A1ka_klasifikacija_galaksija" title="Morfološka klasifikacija galaksija">vizuelnom morfološkom tipu</a>, to znači da postoje neke bitne karakteristike i osobine po kojima se pojedine galaksije razlikuju, a pripadaju istoj grupi-tipu. Primer su formacije zvezda, ili aktivnosti u centru. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eliptične_galaksije"><span id="Elipti.C4.8Dne_galaksije"></span>Eliptične galaksije</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Eliptične galaksije" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Eliptične galaksije"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Po Hablovoj klasifikaciji eliptične galaksije dele se na sedam klasa u zavisnosti od nivoa eliptičnosti: E0 gotovo sferičnog oblika, do E7 elipsastog oblika. Ovakve galaksije sadrže relativno malu količinu međuzvezdane materije. Takođe je utvrđeno da je formiranje novih zvezda retka pojava u ovakvim galaksijama. To znači da takvim sistemima dominiraju stare zvezde koje orbitiraju oko lokalnog centra gravitacije u proizvoljnom pravcu. To im daje veliku sličnost sa globularnim jatima. Najveće galaksije su u većini slučajeva gigantske eliptične galaksije. Veruje se da je većina eliptičnih galaksija formirano nakon kolizije i spajanja više galaksija u jednu. Kada se uporedi sa spiralnom, veličina takve jedne galaksije je enormna. Takve galaksije se obično mogu naći u centru galaktičkog jata. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spiralne_galaksije">Spiralne galaksije</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Spiralne galaksije" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Spiralne galaksije"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Spiralna_galaksija" title="Spiralna galaksija">Spiralna galaksija</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Spiralne galaksije se sastoje od rotirajućeg diska koji sačinjavaju zvezde i međuzvezdanih gasova, dok se pri centru nalazi skupina starijih zvezda. Po Hablovoj klasifikaciji spiralne galaksije nose oznaku ‘S’, propraćenu sa još tri slovne oznake (a,b,c) u zavisnosti od toga kom podskupu galaksija pripada, i određuju veličinu kraka i jezgra galaksije. „Sa“-galaksije ima slabo razvijene i definisane krake dok je jezgro relativno masivno. Dok na drugom kraju imamo „Sc“-galaksije sa velikim i definisanim kracima i otvorenim malim jezgrom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Patuljaste_galaksije">Patuljaste galaksije</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Patuljaste galaksije" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Patuljaste galaksije"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Patuljasta_galaksija" title="Patuljasta galaksija">Patuljasta galaksija</a></i></div></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istorijski_pregled">Istorijski pregled</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Istorijski pregled" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Istorijski pregled"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Historijski, galaksije su dijeljene prema njihovom prividnom izgledu (što se često naziva vizuelnom morfologijom). Čest oblik je eliptična galaksija, sa vitkim eliptičnim profilom. Spiralne galaksije su gomile u obliku diskova sa zakrivljenim, prahovitim kracima. Galaksije nepravilnih i neobičnih oblika poznate su pod nazivom neobičnih galaksija i tipično proizlaze iz raskida izazvanih gravitacijskim privlačenjima susjednih galaksija. Takva međudjelovanja bliskih galaksija, koja na kraju mogu prerastati u stapanja galaksija, mogu potaknuti epizode znatno pojačanog stvaranja zvijezda i proizvesti ono što se naziva starburst galaksijom. Male galaksije koje ne posjeduju povezanu strukturu također se nazivaju nepravilnim galaksijama. </p><p>U vidljivom svemiru vjerovatno ima više od 100 milijardi (10<sup>11</sup>) galaksija. Prečnici većine galaksija kreću se između 1000 i 100.000 <a href="/wiki/Parsek" title="Parsek">parseka</a> i obično ih međusobno razdvajaju milioni parseka (ili megaparseci). Međugalaktički prostor (prostor između galaksija) ispunjen je razrijeđenim gasom, čija je gustoća manja od jednog atoma po kubnom metru. Velika većina galaksija organizirana je u hijerarhijskim društvima koja se nazivaju skupovima, koji se opet, dalje, mogu združivati u superskupove. Te veće strukture općenito se raspoređuju u plohe i niti koje se prostiru nepreglednim svemirskim prazninama. </p><p>Iako još uvijek nedovoljno shvaćena, tamna materija, čini se, učestvuje sa 90% u masi većine galaksija. Posmatranja ukazuju na to, da bi u središtima većine, ako ne i svih galaksija, mogle postojati supermasivne <a href="/wiki/Crna_rupa" title="Crna rupa">crne rupe</a>. Pretpostavlja se da bi one mogle biti osnovnim uzrokom aktivnih galaktičkih jezgara pronađenih u središtima nekih galaksija. Čini se da galaksija Mliječni put u svojoj jezgri udomljuje najmanje jedan takav objekt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mlečni_put"><span id="Mle.C4.8Dni_put"></span>Mlečni put</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Mlečni put" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Mlečni put"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"><i>Glavni članak: <a href="/wiki/Mle%C4%8Dni_put" class="mw-redirect" title="Mlečni put">Mlečni put</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Gr%C4%8Dka_filozofija" class="mw-redirect" title="Grčka filozofija">Grčki</a> filozov <a href="/wiki/Demokrit" title="Demokrit">Demokrit</a> (450–370 BC) je predložio da se svetla traka na noćnom nebu poznata kao Mlečni put verovatno sastoji od udaljenih zvezda.<sup id="cite_ref-Plutarch_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Plutarch-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aristotel" title="Aristotel">Aristotel</a> (384–322 BC), je međutim verovao da je Mlečni put uzrokovan „ignicijom vatrenog izdisanja pojedinih zvezda koje su velike, brojne i blizo jedna drugoj“ i da do „ignicije dolazi u gornjem delu <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" class="mw-disambig" title="Atmosfera">atmosfere</a>, u <a href="/wiki/Sublunarna_sfera" title="Sublunarna sfera">regiji sveta koja je u kontaktu sa nebeskim kretanjima</a>.“<sup id="cite_ref-Montada_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Montada-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Neoplatonizam" title="Neoplatonizam">Neoplatonski</a> filozof <a href="/w/index.php?title=Olimpiodorus_Mla%C4%91i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olimpiodorus Mlađi (stranica ne postoji)">Olimpiodorus Mlađi</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 495</span>–570 p.n.e.) je bio kritičan u po tom pitanju, tvrdeći da ako je Mlečni put <a href="/wiki/Sublunarna_sfera" title="Sublunarna sfera">sublunaran</a> (lociran između Zemlje i Sunca) on bi trebalo da izgleda različito u različitim vremenima i mestima na Zemlji, i da bi trebalo da ima <a href="/wiki/Paralaksa_(astronomija)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paralaksa (astronomija)">paralaksu</a>, koju on nema. Po njegovom mišljenu, Mlečni put je nebesko telo.<sup id="cite_ref-heidarzadeh23_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heidarzadeh23-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prema Mohani Mohamedu, <a href="/wiki/Islamska_astronomija" title="Islamska astronomija">arapski</a> astronom <a href="/wiki/Alhazen" class="mw-redirect" title="Alhazen">Alhazen</a> (965–1037) je bio prvi da pokuša da posmatra i izmeri paralaksu Mlečnog puta,<sup id="cite_ref-mohamed_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mohamed-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i on je utvrdio da pošto Mlečni put nema paralakse, on mora biti udaljen od Zemlje, te da ne može da bude deo atmosfere.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Perzijanci" title="Perzijanci">Persijski</a> astronom <a href="/wiki/Abu-Rajhan_Biruni" title="Abu-Rajhan Biruni">al-Bīrūnī</a> (973–1048) je predložio da je galaksija Mlečni put „kolekcija bezbrojnih fragmenata poput maglovitih zvezda.“<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-al_biruni_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al_biruni-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Andaluzijski</a> astronom <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Bajjah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Bajjah">Ibn Bajjah</a> ("Avempace", <abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 1138) je predložio da se Mlečni put sastoji od mnogih zvezda koje su skoro u dodiru jedna s drugom, te da stoga izgledaju kao su neprekidne usled <a href="/wiki/Refrakcija" class="mw-redirect" title="Refrakcija">refrakcionog</a> efekta sublunarnog materijala,<sup id="cite_ref-Montada_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Montada-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-heidarzadeh25_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heidarzadeh25-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> navodeći svoja opažanja <a href="/wiki/Konjunkcija_(astronomija)" title="Konjunkcija (astronomija)">konjunkcije</a> Jupitera i Marsa kao evidenciju da do toga dolazi kad su dva objekta blizo jedan drugom.<sup id="cite_ref-Montada_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Montada-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U 14. veku, astronom sirijskog porekla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Qayyim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Qayyim (stranica ne postoji)">Ibn Qayyim</a> je predložio da je galaksija Mlečni put sastoji od „bezbroj sitnih zvezda grupisanih zajedno u sferi fiksirane zveze“.<sup id="cite_ref-Livingston_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Livingston-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Herschel-Galaxy.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Herschel-Galaxy.png/220px-Herschel-Galaxy.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Herschel-Galaxy.png/330px-Herschel-Galaxy.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Herschel-Galaxy.png/440px-Herschel-Galaxy.png 2x" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Oblik Mlečnog puta koji je <a href="/wiki/William_Herschel" title="William Herschel">William Herschel</a> izveo 1785. na osnovu prebrajanja zvezda; prepostavljalo se da je solarni sistem blizo centra.</figcaption></figure> <p>Stvarni dokaz da se Mlečni put sastoji od mnogih zvezda postao je dostupan 1610, nakon što je italijanski astronom <a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a> koristio <a href="/wiki/Opti%C4%8Dki_teleskop" title="Optički teleskop">teleskop</a> u izučavanju Mlečnog puta i pri tom otkrio da se on sastoji od ogromnog broja nerazgovetnih zvezda.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Godine 1750. engleski astronom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Wright_(astronom)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Wright (astronom) (stranica ne postoji)">Tomas Rajt</a>, u svojoj <i>originnoj teoriji ili novoj hipotezi svemira</i> je (korektno) spekulisao da Mlečni put može da bude rotirajuće telo sa velikim brojem zvezda koje su držane zajedno <a href="/wiki/Gravitacija" title="Gravitacija">gravitacionim silama</a>, poput solarnog sistema, mada na daleko većoj skali. Rezultirajući disk od zvezda se može videti kao traka na nebu iz perspektive unutar diska.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-our_galaxy_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-our_galaxy-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U jednoj raspravi iz 1755, <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a> je razradio Rajtovu ideju o strukturi Mlečnog puta.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prvi projekat koji je opisao oblik Mlečnog puta i poziciju <a href="/wiki/Sunce" title="Sunce">Sunca</a> u njemu je poduzeo <a href="/wiki/William_Herschel" title="William Herschel">William Herschel</a> 1785. godine putem prebrojavanja zvezda u različitim regionima neba. On je proizveo dijagram oblika galaksije sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaktocentrizam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galaktocentrizam (stranica ne postoji)">solarnim sistemom blizu centra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-paul1993_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paul1993-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Koristeći rafiniraniji pristup, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacobus_Kapteyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacobus Kapteyn (stranica ne postoji)">Kapteyn</a> je 1920. proizveo sliku male elipsoidne galaksije (dijametra od oko 15 kiloparseca) sa Suncem blizo centra. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harlow_Shapley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harlow Shapley (stranica ne postoji)">Harlow Shapley</a> je koristio drugačiji metod, koji je bio baziran na katalogiranju <a href="/wiki/Kuglasti_skup" title="Kuglasti skup">globularnih klastera</a>, što je dovelo do formiranja radikalno drugačije slike: pljosnatog diska sa dijametrom od oko 70 kiloparseca i Suncem daleko dalje od centra.<sup id="cite_ref-our_galaxy_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-our_galaxy-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Obe analize su propustile da uzmu u obzir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Extinction_(astronomy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Extinction (astronomy) (stranica ne postoji)">apsorpciju svetlosti</a> u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmi%C4%8Dka_pra%C5%A1ina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmička prašina (stranica ne postoji)">interstelarnoj prašini</a> prisutnoj u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galakti%C4%8Dka_rava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galaktička rava (stranica ne postoji)">galaktičkoj ravni</a>, te je nakon što je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Julius_Trumpler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Julius Trumpler (stranica ne postoji)">Robert Julius Trumpler</a> kvantifikovao taj efekat 1930. godine studirajući <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otvoreni_kluster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otvoreni kluster (stranica ne postoji)">otvorene klastere</a>, sadadašnja slika naše galaksije domaćina formirana.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Milky_Way_Arch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Milky_Way_Arch.jpg/600px-Milky_Way_Arch.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Milky_Way_Arch.jpg/900px-Milky_Way_Arch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Milky_Way_Arch.jpg/1200px-Milky_Way_Arch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="1212" /></a><figcaption>Mozaik <a href="/w/index.php?title=So%C4%8Divo_ribljeg_oka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sočivo ribljeg oka (stranica ne postoji)">ribljeg oka</a> Mlečnog puta zasvođen pod visokom nagibom preko noćnog neba. Snimljen je napravljen u Čileu</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Razlikovanje_od_drugih_nebula">Razlikovanje od drugih nebula</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak Razlikovanje od drugih nebula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Razlikovanje od drugih nebula"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nekoliko galaksija izvan Mlečnog puta je vidljivo golim okom na noćnom nebu. U <a href="/wiki/10._vek" class="mw-redirect" title="10. vek">10. veku</a>, Persijski astronom <a href="/wiki/Al-Sufi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Sufi">Al-Sufi</a> je napravio najraniju zapisanu identifikaciju <a href="/wiki/Messier_31" title="Messier 31">galaksije Andromeda</a>, opisujući je kao „mali oblak“.<sup id="cite_ref-NSOG_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NSOG-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Godine 964. Al-Sufi je identifikovao <a href="/wiki/Veliki_Magelanov_oblak" title="Veliki Magelanov oblak">Veliki Magelanov oblak</a> u svojoj <i><a href="/wiki/Knjiga_fiksnih_zvijezda" title="Knjiga fiksnih zvijezda">Knjizi fiksnih zvezda</a></i>; tu galaksiju su Europljani uočili tek tokom <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Magelanovog</a> putovanja u 16. veku.<sup id="cite_ref-obspm_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obspm-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-obspm2_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-obspm2-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Galaksiju Andromeda je nezavisno dokumentovao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Marius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Marius (stranica ne postoji)">Simon Marij</a> 1612. godine.<sup id="cite_ref-NSOG_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NSOG-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Godine 1750, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Wright_(astronom)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Wright (astronom) (stranica ne postoji)">Tomas Rajt</a> je (korektno) spekulisao da je Mlečni put spljošteni zvezdani disk, i da su neke od <a href="/wiki/Maglica" title="Maglica">maglina</a> vidljivih na noćnom nebu verovatno odvojene od Mlečnog puta.<sup id="cite_ref-our_galaxy_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-our_galaxy-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Godine 1755, <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a> je koristio termin „ostrvski svemir“ da opište te daleke maglice. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Pic_iroberts1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pic_iroberts1.jpg/220px-Pic_iroberts1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pic_iroberts1.jpg/330px-Pic_iroberts1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pic_iroberts1.jpg/440px-Pic_iroberts1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="569" data-file-height="371" /></a><figcaption>Fotografija "Velike magline Andromeda" iz 1899, kasnije identifikovane kao <a href="/wiki/Messier_31" title="Messier 31">galaksija Andromeda</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Pri kraju 18. veka, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Messier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Messier (stranica ne postoji)">Šarl Mesje</a> je pripremio <a href="/wiki/Messierov_katalog" title="Messierov katalog">katalog</a> sa 109 najsvetlijih nebeskih objekata koji izgledaju kao nebule. Subsekventno, William Herschel je napravio katalog sa 5.000 maglina.<sup id="cite_ref-our_galaxy_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-our_galaxy-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Godine 1845. je <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Parsons_Rosse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Parsons Rosse (stranica ne postoji)">Lord Rosse</a> konstruisao novi teleskop s kojim je mogao da uoči razlike između eliptičkih i spiralnih maglina. On je takođe uspeo da razazna pojedinačne tačke izvora za neke kod tih maglina, potvrđujući Kantovu raniju pretpostavku.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Godine 1912, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vesto_Slipher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vesto Slipher (stranica ne postoji)">Vesto Slajfer</a> je izvršio spektrografska izučavanja najsvetlijih spiralnih nebula radi određivanje njihove kompozicije. Slifer je otkrio da spiralne magline imaju visok crveni pomeraj, iz čega proizilazi da se one udaljavaju od Mlečnog puta brzinom koja nadmašuje <a href="/wiki/Brzina_osloba%C4%91anja" title="Brzina oslobađanja">brzinu oslobađanja</a> Mlečnog puta. Iz toga proizilazi da one nisu gravitaciono vezane za Mlečni put, i da je malo verovatno da su deo naše galaksije.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Godine 1917, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heber_Doust_Curtis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heber Doust Curtis (stranica ne postoji)">Heber Kurtis</a> je posmatrao novu <a href="/w/index.php?title=SN_1885A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SN 1885A (stranica ne postoji)">S Andromedae</a> unutar „Velike <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_(zvije%C5%BE%C4%91e)" title="Andromeda (zviježđe)">Andromedine</a> nebule“ (kao što je galaksija Andromeda, <a href="/wiki/Messierov_katalog" title="Messierov katalog">Mesijeov object</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija_Andromeda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galaksija Andromeda (stranica ne postoji)">M31</a>, bila tada poznata). Pregledajući fotografske rekorde, on je uočio još 11 drugih <a href="/wiki/Nova" title="Nova">nova</a>. Kurtis je zapazio da su te zvezde, u proseku, 10 <a href="/wiki/Magnituda_(astronomija)" title="Magnituda (astronomija)">redova veličine</a> tamnije od onih iz naše galakcije. Kao rezultat toga on procenio da su one na rastojanju od 150.000 <a href="/wiki/Parsek" title="Parsek">parseka</a>. On je postao proponent takozvane hipoteze „ostrvskih svemira“, po kojoj su spiralne nebule zapravo nezavisne galaksije.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Godine 1920. se odvila takozvana <a href="/w/index.php?title=Velika_debata_(astronomija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Velika debata (astronomija) (stranica ne postoji)">velika debata</a> između <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harlow_Shapley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harlow Shapley (stranica ne postoji)">Šeplija Harloua</a> i Hebera Kurtisa, po pitanju prirode Mlečnog puta, spiralnih nebula, i dimenzija svemira. Da bi podržao svoju tvrdnju da je Velika Andromedina maglina spoljanja galaksija, Kurtis skrenuo pažnju na pojavu tamnih traka koje podsećaju na oblake prašine u Mlečnom putu, kao i na znatno <a href="/wiki/Doplerov_efekat" class="mw-redirect" title="Doplerov efekat">Doplerovo pomeranje</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Godine 1922, estonski astronom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernst_%C3%96pik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernst Öpik (stranica ne postoji)">Ernst Öpik</a> je odredio rastojanje koje ide u prilog teoriji da je Andromedina nebula zaista jedan udaljeni ekstra-galaktički objekat.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Koristeći novi 100 inčni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Wilson_opservatorija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Wilson opservatorija (stranica ne postoji)">Mt. Wilson</a> teleskope, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Edvin Habl</a> je bio u stanju da odredi spoljne delove pojedinih spiralnih maglina kao kolekcije pojedinačnih zvezda i da identifikuje neke od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cefeida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cefeida (stranica ne postoji)">Cefeida</a>, što mu je omogućilo da proceni rastojanje do nebula. One su bile suviše udaljene da bi bile deo Mlečnog puta.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Godine 1936. Habl je proizveo klasifikaciju <a href="/wiki/Morfolo%C5%A1ka_klasifikacija_galaksija" title="Morfološka klasifikacija galaksija">galaktičke morfologije</a> koja se koristi do današnjeg dana.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povezano">Povezano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odjeljak Povezano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povezano"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morfolo%C5%A1ka_klasifikacija_galaksija" title="Morfološka klasifikacija galaksija">Morfološka klasifikacija galaksija</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odjeljak Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Reference"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556849">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-sparkegallagher2000-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-sparkegallagher2000_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSparkeGallagher_III2000">Sparke & Gallagher III 2000</a>: str. i</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasa060812-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nasa060812_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">Hupp, E.; Roy, S.; Watzke, M. (August 12, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200328193824/https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2006/aug/HQ_06297_CHANDRA_Dark_Matter.html">„NASA Finds Direct Proof of Dark Matter”</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2006/aug/HQ_06297_CHANDRA_Dark_Matter.html">originala</a> na datum 2020-03-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno April 17, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=NASA+Finds+Direct+Proof+of+Dark+Matter&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Hupp&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.au=Hupp%2C%26%2332%3BE.&rft.au=Roy%2C%26%2332%3BS.&rft.au=Watzke%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.date=August+12%2C+2006&rft.pub=%5B%5BNASA%5D%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200328193824%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fhome%2Fhqnews%2F2006%2Faug%2FHQ_06297_CHANDRA_Dark_Matter.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-science250_4980_539-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-science250_4980_539_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Uson, J. M.; Boughn, S. P.; Kuhn, J. R. (1990). „The central galaxy in Abell 2029 – An old supergiant”. <i>Science</i> <b>250</b> (4980): 539–540. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990Sci...250..539U">1990Sci...250..539U</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.250.4980.539">10.1126/science.250.4980.539</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+central+galaxy+in+Abell+2029%26nbsp%3B%E2%80%93+An+old+supergiant&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.aulast=Uson&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rft.au=Uson%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+M.&rft.au=Boughn%2C%26%2332%3BS.+P.&rft.au=Kuhn%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+R.&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=250&rft.issue=4980&rft.pages=539%E2%80%93540&rft_id=info:bibcode/1990Sci...250..539U&rft_id=info:doi/10.1126%2Fscience.250.4980.539&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apj624_2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-apj624_2_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Gott III, J. R.; <i>et al</i>. (2005). „A Map of the Universe”. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i> <b>624</b> (2): 463–484. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0310571">astro-ph/0310571</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...624..463G">2005ApJ...624..463G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F428890">10.1086/428890</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Map+of+the+Universe&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Gott+III&rft.aufirst=J.+R.&rft.au=Gott+III%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+R.&rft.au=%27%27et+al%27%27.&rft.date=2005&rft.volume=624&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=463%E2%80%93484&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0310571&rft_id=info:bibcode/2005ApJ...624..463G&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F428890&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uf030616-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-uf030616_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news">Hoover, A. (June 16, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720083835/http://news.ufl.edu/2003/06/16/galaxies/">„UF Astronomers: Universe Slightly Simpler Than Expected”</a>. Hubble News Desk. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.ufl.edu/2003/06/16/galaxies/">originala</a> na datum 2011-07-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno March 4, 2011</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=UF+Astronomers%3A+Universe+Slightly+Simpler+Than+Expected&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Hoover%2C%26%2332%3BA.&rft.date=June+16%2C+2003&rft.pub=Hubble+News+Desk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20110720083835%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fnews.ufl.edu%2F2003%2F06%2F16%2Fgalaxies%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> Based upon: <ul><li><span class="citation Journal">Graham, A. W.; Guzman, R. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_astronomical-journal_2003-06_125_6/page/2936">„HST Photometry of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in Coma, and an Explanation for the Alleged Structural Dichotomy between Dwarf and Bright Elliptical Galaxies”</a>. <i>Astronomical Journal</i> <b>125</b> (6): 2936–2950. <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0303391">astro-ph/0303391</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003AJ....125.2936G">2003AJ....125.2936G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F374992">10.1086/374992</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=HST+Photometry+of+Dwarf+Elliptical+Galaxies+in+Coma%2C+and+an+Explanation+for+the+Alleged+Structural+Dichotomy+between+Dwarf+and+Bright+Elliptical+Galaxies&rft.jtitle=Astronomical+Journal&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=A.+W.&rft.au=Graham%2C%26%2332%3BA.+W.&rft.au=Guzman%2C%26%2332%3BR.&rft.date=2003&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=2936%E2%80%932950&rft_id=info:arxiv/astro-ph%2F0303391&rft_id=info:bibcode/2003AJ....125.2936G&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F374992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_astronomical-journal_2003-06_125_6%2Fpage%2F2936&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-IRatlas-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-IRatlas_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web">Jarrett, T. H.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipac.caltech.edu/2mass/gallery/galmorph/">„Near-Infrared Galaxy Morphology Atlas”</a>. California Institute of Technology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno January 9, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Near-Infrared+Galaxy+Morphology+Atlas&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Jarrett&rft.aufirst=T.+H.&rft.au=Jarrett%2C%26%2332%3BT.+H.&rft.pub=California+Institute+of+Technology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipac.caltech.edu%2F2mass%2Fgallery%2Fgalmorph%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-smbh-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-smbh_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web">Finley, D.; Aguilar, D. (November 2, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrao.edu/pr/2005/sagastar/">„Astronomers Get Closest Look Yet At Milky Way's Mysterious Core”</a>. National Radio Astronomy Observatory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno August 10, 2006</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Astronomers+Get+Closest+Look+Yet+At+Milky+Way%27s+Mysterious+Core&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Finley&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Finley%2C%26%2332%3BD.&rft.au=Aguilar%2C%26%2332%3BD.&rft.date=November+2%2C+2005&rft.pub=National+Radio+Astronomy+Observatory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrao.edu%2Fpr%2F2005%2Fsagastar%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-camb_lss-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-camb_lss_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gr/public/gal_lss.html">„Galaxy Clusters and Large-Scale Structure”</a>. University of Cambridge<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno January 15, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Galaxy+Clusters+and+Large-Scale+Structure&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=University+of+Cambridge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.damtp.cam.ac.uk%2Fuser%2Fgr%2Fpublic%2Fgal_lss.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">Bodifée G. & Berger M. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bodifee.be/acms/acmsdata/document/9/184_CNG%20catalogue.pdf">„CNG-Catalogue of Named Galaxies”</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno January 17, 2014</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=CNG-Catalogue+of+Named+Galaxies&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Bodif%C3%A9e+G.+%26+Berger+M.&rft.au=Bodif%C3%A9e+G.+%26+Berger+M.&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bodifee.be%2Facms%2Facmsdata%2Fdocument%2F9%2F184_CNG%2520catalogue.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202094308/http://www.isnare.com/encyclopedia/Contemporary_Latin#In_science">„Contemporary Latin”</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isnare.com/encyclopedia/Contemporary_Latin#In_science">originala</a> na datum 2014-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno January 22, 2014</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Latin&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20140202094308%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.isnare.com%2Fencyclopedia%2FContemporary_Latin%23In_science&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Plutarch-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Plutarch_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Plutarch (2006). <i>The Complete Works Volume 3: Essays and Miscellanies</i>. Chapter 3: Echo Library. str. 66. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-1-4068-3224-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-1-4068-3224-2">978-1-4068-3224-2</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Works+Volume+3%3A+Essays+and+Miscellanies&rft.aulast=Plutarch&rft.au=Plutarch&rft.date=2006&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B66&rft.place=Chapter+3&rft.pub=Echo+Library&rft.isbn=978-1-4068-3224-2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Montada-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Montada_12-0">12,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Montada_12-1">12,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Montada_12-2">12,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web">Montada, J. P. (September 28, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ibn-bajja">„Ibn Bajja”</a>. <i>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno July 11, 2008</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Ibn+Bajja&rft.atitle=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.aulast=Montada&rft.aufirst=J.+P.&rft.au=Montada%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+P.&rft.date=September+28%2C+2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Fibn-bajja&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-heidarzadeh23-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-heidarzadeh23_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHeidarzadeh2008">Heidarzadeh 2008</a>: str. 23–25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mohamed-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-mohamed_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMohamed2000">Mohamed 2000</a>: str. 49–50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web">Bouali, H.-E.; Zghal, M.; Lakhdar, Z. B. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spie.org/etop/ETOP2005_080.pdf">„Popularisation of Optical Phenomena: Establishing the First Ibn Al-Haytham Workshop on Photography”</a>. The Education and Training in Optics and Photonics Conference<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno July 8, 2008</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Popularisation+of+Optical+Phenomena%3A+Establishing+the+First+Ibn+Al-Haytham+Workshop+on+Photography&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Bouali&rft.aufirst=H.-E.&rft.au=Bouali%2C%26%2332%3BH.-E.&rft.au=Zghal%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.au=Lakhdar%2C%26%2332%3BZ.+B.&rft.date=2005&rft.pub=The+Education+and+Training+in+Optics+and+Photonics+Conference&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspie.org%2Fetop%2FETOP2005_080.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Al-Biruni.html">„Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni”</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_archive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MacTutor History of Mathematics archive (stranica ne postoji)">MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</a></i>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Abu+Rayhan+Muhammad+ibn+Ahmad+al-Biruni&rft.atitle=%5B%5BMacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+archive%5D%5D&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft.au=O%27Connor%2C%26%2332%3BJohn+J.&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Edmund+F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FAl-Biruni.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: help; color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="engleski jezik">(<kbd>en</kbd>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-al_biruni-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-al_biruni_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAl-Biruni2004">Al-Biruni 2004</a>: str. 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-heidarzadeh25-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-heidarzadeh25_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHeidarzadeh2008">Heidarzadeh 2008</a>: str. 25, Table 2.1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Livingston-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Livingston_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Livingston, J. W. (1971). „Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah: A Fourteenth Century Defense against Astrological Divination and Alchemical Transmutation”. <i>Journal of the American Oriental Society</i> <b>91</b> (1): 96–103 [99]. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F600445">10.2307/600445</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0003-0279">0003-0279</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/600445">600445</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ibn+Qayyim+al-Jawziyyah%3A+A+Fourteenth+Century+Defense+against+Astrological+Divination+and+Alchemical+Transmutation&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Oriental+Society&rft.aulast=Livingston&rft.aufirst=J.+W.&rft.au=Livingston%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+W.&rft.date=1971&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=96%E2%80%93103+%5B99%5D&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F600445&rft.issn=0003-0279&rft.jstor=600445&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Galileo Galilei, <i>Sidereus Nuncius</i> (Venice, (Italy): Thomas Baglioni, 1610), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Sidereusnuncius00Gali#page/n37/mode/2up">pages 15 and 16.</a><br /> English translation: Galileo Galilei with Edward Stafford Carlos, trans., <i>The Sidereal Messenger</i> (London, England: Rivingtons, 1880), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/siderealmessenge80gali#page/42/mode/2up/">pages 42 and 43.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web">O'Connor, J. J.; Robertson, E. F. (November 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Galileo.html">„Galileo Galilei”</a>. University of St. Andrews<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno January 8, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Galileo+Galilei&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft.au=O%27Connor%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+J.&rft.au=Robertson%2C%26%2332%3BE.+F.&rft.date=November+2002&rft.pub=University+of+St.+Andrews&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk%2F%7Ehistory%2FBiographies%2FGalileo.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Wright, <i>An Original Theory or New Hypothesis of the Universe</i> … (London, England: H. Chapelle, 1750). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=80VZAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA48#v=onepage&q&f=false">From p.48:</a> " … the stars are not infinitely dispersed and distributed in a promiscuous manner throughout all the mundane space, without order or design, … this phænomenon [is] no other than a certain effect arising from the observer's situation, … To a spectator placed in an indefinite space, … it [i.e., the Milky Way (<i>Via Lactea</i>)] [is] a vast ring of stars … "<br /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=80VZAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA73#v=onepage&q&f=false">On page 73</a>, Wright called the Milky Way the <i>Vortex Magnus</i> (the great whirlpool) and estimated its diameter at 8.64×10<sup>12</sup> miles (13.9×10<sup>12</sup> km).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-our_galaxy-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-our_galaxy_23-0">23,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-our_galaxy_23-1">23,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-our_galaxy_23-2">23,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-our_galaxy_23-3">23,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web">Evans, J. C. (November 24, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120630/http://physics.gmu.edu/~jevans/astr103/CourseNotes/ECText/ch20_txt.htm">„Our Galaxy”</a>. George Mason University. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://physics.gmu.edu/~jevans/astr103/CourseNotes/ECText/ch20_txt.htm">originala</a> na datum 2012-06-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno January 4, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Our+Galaxy&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=J.+C.&rft.au=Evans%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+C.&rft.date=November+24%2C+1998&rft.pub=George+Mason+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.today%2F20120630%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fphysics.gmu.edu%2F%7Ejevans%2Fastr103%2FCourseNotes%2FECText%2Fch20_txt.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Immanuel Kant, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=nCcaAQAAMAAJ&pg=PP9#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Allgemeine Naturgeschichte und Theorie des Himmels</i> …</a> [Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens … ], (Koenigsberg and Leipzig, (Germany): Johann Friederich Petersen, 1755).<br />Available in English translation by Ian Johnston at: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://records.viu.ca/~johnstoi/kant/kant2e.htm">Vancouver Island University, British Columbia, Canada</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140829071546/http://records.viu.ca/~johnstoi/kant/kant2e.htm">Arhivirano</a> 2014-08-29 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">William Herschel (1785) "On the Construction of the Heavens," <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London</i>, <b>75</b> : 213-266. Herschel's diagram of the galaxy appears immediately after the article's last page. See: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=IU9FAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA213#v=onepage&q&f=false">Google Books</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rstl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/75/213.full.pdf+html">The Royal Society of London</a></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-paul1993-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-paul1993_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPaul1993">Paul 1993</a>: str. 16–18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Trimble, V. (1999). „Robert Trumpler and the (Non)transparency of Space”. <i>Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society</i> <b>31</b> (31): 1479. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999AAS...195.7409T">1999AAS...195.7409T</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Robert+Trumpler+and+the+%28Non%29transparency+of+Space&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Astronomical+Society&rft.aulast=Trimble&rft.aufirst=V.&rft.au=Trimble%2C%26%2332%3BV.&rft.date=1999&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=31&rft.pages=1479&rft_id=info:bibcode/1999AAS...195.7409T&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NSOG-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NSOG_28-0">28,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NSOG_28-1">28,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKeppleSanner1998">Kepple & Sanner 1998</a>: str. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-obspm-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-obspm_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://messier.obspm.fr/xtra/Bios/alsufi.html">„Abd-al-Rahman Al Sufi (December 7, 903 – May 25, 986 A.D.)”</a>. Observatoire de Paris<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno April 19, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Abd-al-Rahman+Al+Sufi+%28December+7%2C+903%26nbsp%3B%E2%80%93+May+25%2C+986+A.D.%29&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Observatoire+de+Paris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmessier.obspm.fr%2Fxtra%2FBios%2Falsufi.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-obspm2-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-obspm2_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://messier.obspm.fr/xtra/ngc/lmc.html">„The Large Magellanic Cloud, LMC”</a>. Observatoire de Paris<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno April 19, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+Large+Magellanic+Cloud%2C+LMC&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Observatoire+de+Paris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmessier.obspm.fr%2Fxtra%2Fngc%2Flmc.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See text quoted from Wright's <i>An original theory or new hypothesis of the Universe</i> in <span class="citation book">Dyson, F. (1979). <i>Disturbing the Universe</i>. Pan Books. str. 245. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-330-26324-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-330-26324-2">0-330-26324-2</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Disturbing+the+Universe&rft.aulast=Dyson&rft.aufirst=F.&rft.au=Dyson%2C%26%2332%3BF.&rft.date=1979&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B245&rft.pub=Pan+Books&rft.isbn=0-330-26324-2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://parsonstown.info/people/william-rosse">"Parsonstown | The genius of the Parsons family | William Rosse"</a>. <i>parsonstown.info</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Slipher, V. M. (1913). „The radial velocity of the Andromeda Nebula”. <i>Lowell Observatory Bulletin</i> <b>1</b>: 56–57. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1913LowOB...2...56S">1913LowOB...2...56S</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+radial+velocity+of+the+Andromeda+Nebula&rft.jtitle=Lowell+Observatory+Bulletin&rft.aulast=Slipher&rft.aufirst=V.+M.&rft.au=Slipher%2C%26%2332%3BV.+M.&rft.date=1913&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=56%E2%80%9357&rft_id=info:bibcode/1913LowOB...2...56S&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Slipher, V. M. (1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_popular-astronomy_1915-01_23_1/page/21">„Spectrographic Observations of Nebulae”</a>. <i>Popular Astronomy</i> <b>23</b>: 21–24. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1915PA.....23...21S">1915PA.....23...21S</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Spectrographic+Observations+of+Nebulae&rft.jtitle=Popular+Astronomy&rft.aulast=Slipher&rft.aufirst=V.+M.&rft.au=Slipher%2C%26%2332%3BV.+M.&rft.date=1915&rft.volume=23&rft.pages=21%E2%80%9324&rft_id=info:bibcode/1915PA.....23...21S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_popular-astronomy_1915-01_23_1%2Fpage%2F21&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Curtis, H. D. (1988). „Novae in Spiral Nebulae and the Island Universe Theory”. <i>Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific</i> <b>100</b>: 6. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988PASP..100....6C">1988PASP..100....6C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F132128">10.1086/132128</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Novae+in+Spiral+Nebulae+and+the+Island+Universe+Theory&rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific&rft.aulast=Curtis&rft.aufirst=H.+D.&rft.au=Curtis%2C%26%2332%3BH.+D.&rft.date=1988&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=6&rft_id=info:bibcode/1988PASP..100....6C&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F132128&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation web">Weaver, H. F.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/biomems/rtrumpler.html">„Robert Julius Trumpler”</a>. United States National Academy of Sciences<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno January 5, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Robert+Julius+Trumpler&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=H.+F.&rft.au=Weaver%2C%26%2332%3BH.+F.&rft.pub=United+States+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nap.edu%2Freadingroom%2Fbooks%2Fbiomems%2Frtrumpler.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Öpik, E. (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_1922-06_55_5/page/406">„An estimate of the distance of the Andromeda Nebula”</a>. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i> <b>55</b>: 406. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1922ApJ....55..406O">1922ApJ....55..406O</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F142680">10.1086/142680</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=An+estimate+of+the+distance+of+the+Andromeda+Nebula&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=%C3%96pik&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.au=%C3%96pik%2C%26%2332%3BE.&rft.date=1922&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=406&rft_id=info:bibcode/1922ApJ....55..406O&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F142680&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_astrophysical-journal_1922-06_55_5%2Fpage%2F406&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Hubble, E. P. (1929). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_1929-03_69_2/page/n30">„A spiral nebula as a stellar system, Messier 31”</a>. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i> <b>69</b>: 103–158. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1929ApJ....69..103H">1929ApJ....69..103H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F143167">10.1086/143167</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+spiral+nebula+as+a+stellar+system%2C+Messier+31&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical+Journal&rft.aulast=Hubble&rft.aufirst=E.+P.&rft.au=Hubble%2C%26%2332%3BE.+P.&rft.date=1929&rft.volume=69&rft.pages=103%E2%80%93158&rft_id=info:bibcode/1929ApJ....69..103H&rft_id=info:doi/10.1086%2F143167&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_astrophysical-journal_1929-03_69_2%2Fpage%2Fn30&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation Journal">Sandage, A. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/diamond_jubilee/1996/sandage_hubble.html">„Edwin Hubble, 1889–1953”</a>. <i>Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada</i> <b>83</b> (6): 351–362. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989JRASC..83..351S">1989JRASC..83..351S</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno January 8, 2007</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Edwin+Hubble%2C+1889%E2%80%931953&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society+of+Canada&rft.aulast=Sandage&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Sandage%2C%26%2332%3BA.&rft.date=1989&rft.volume=83&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=351%E2%80%93362&rft_id=info:bibcode/1989JRASC..83..351S&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fantwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fdiamond_jubilee%2F1996%2Fsandage_hubble.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odjeljak Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Literatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41379810">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFAl-Biruni2004">Al-Biruni (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=VbPna7GOoIEC&pg=PA87"><i>The Book of Instruction in the Elements of the Art of Astrology</i></a>. R. Ramsay Wright (transl.). Kessinger Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-7661-9307-1" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-7661-9307-1">0-7661-9307-1</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Instruction+in+the+Elements+of+the+Art+of+Astrology&rft.aulast=Al-Biruni&rft.au=Al-Biruni&rft.date=2004&rft.pub=Kessinger+Publishing&rft.isbn=0-7661-9307-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVbPna7GOoIEC%26pg%3DPA87&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFBelkora2003">Belkora, L. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mindingheavensst0000belk"><i>Minding the Heavens: the Story of our Discovery of the Milky Way</i></a>. CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-7503-0730-7" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-7503-0730-7">0-7503-0730-7</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minding+the+Heavens%3A+the+Story+of+our+Discovery+of+the+Milky+Way&rft.aulast=Belkora&rft.aufirst=L.&rft.au=Belkora%2C%26%2332%3BL.&rft.date=2003&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.isbn=0-7503-0730-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmindingheavensst0000belk&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFBertinLin1996">Bertin, G.; Lin, C.-C. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/spiralstructurei0000bert"><i>Spiral Structure in Galaxies: a Density Wave Theory</i></a>. MIT Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-262-02396-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-262-02396-2">0-262-02396-2</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spiral+Structure+in+Galaxies%3A+a+Density+Wave+Theory&rft.aulast=Bertin&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.au=Bertin%2C%26%2332%3BG.&rft.au=Lin%2C%26%2332%3BC.-C.&rft.date=1996&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.isbn=0-262-02396-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fspiralstructurei0000bert&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Binney, J.; Merrifield, M. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/galacticastronom0000binn"><i>Galactic Astronomy</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-691-00402-1" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-691-00402-1">0-691-00402-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/39108765">39108765</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Galactic+Astronomy&rft.aulast=Binney&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=Binney%2C%26%2332%3BJ.&rft.au=Merrifield%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.date=1998&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.isbn=0-691-00402-1&rft_id=info:oclcnum/39108765&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgalacticastronom0000binn&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Dickinson, T. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/universebeyond0004dick"><i>The Universe and Beyond</i></a> (4th izd.). Firefly Books. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/1-55297-901-6" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/1-55297-901-6">1-55297-901-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/55596414">55596414</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universe+and+Beyond&rft.aulast=Dickinson&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=Dickinson%2C%26%2332%3BT.&rft.date=2004&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Firefly+Books&rft.isbn=1-55297-901-6&rft_id=info:oclcnum/55596414&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funiversebeyond0004dick&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFHeidarzadeh2008">Heidarzadeh, T. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofphysica0000heid"><i>A History of Physical Theories of Comets, from Aristotle to Whipple</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/1-4020-8322-X" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/1-4020-8322-X">1-4020-8322-X</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Physical+Theories+of+Comets%2C+from+Aristotle+to+Whipple&rft.aulast=Heidarzadeh&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=Heidarzadeh%2C%26%2332%3BT.&rft.date=2008&rft.pub=Springer&rft.isbn=1-4020-8322-X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofphysica0000heid&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFHovan_den_BoschWhite2010">Ho, Houjun; van den Bosch, Frank; White, Simon (2010). <i>Galaxy Formation and Evolution</i> (1 izd.). Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0521857932" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0521857932">978-0521857932</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Galaxy+Formation+and+Evolution&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Houjun&rft.au=Ho%2C%26%2332%3BHoujun&rft.au=van+den+Bosch%2C%26%2332%3BFrank&rft.au=White%2C%26%2332%3BSimon&rft.date=2010&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0521857932&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFKeppleSanner1998">Kepple, G. R.; Sanner, G. W. (1998). <i>The Night Sky Observer's Guide, Volume 1</i>. Willmann-Bell. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-943396-58-1" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-943396-58-1">0-943396-58-1</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Night+Sky+Observer%27s+Guide%2C+Volume+1&rft.aulast=Kepple&rft.aufirst=G.+R.&rft.au=Kepple%2C%26%2332%3BG.+R.&rft.au=Sanner%2C%26%2332%3BG.+W.&rft.date=1998&rft.pub=Willmann-Bell&rft.isbn=0-943396-58-1&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFMerritt2013">Merritt, D. (2013). <i>Dynamics and Evolution of Galactic Nuclei</i>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9781400846122" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9781400846122">9781400846122</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dynamics+and+Evolution+of+Galactic+Nuclei&rft.aulast=Merritt&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Merritt%2C%26%2332%3BD.&rft.date=2013&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.isbn=9781400846122&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFMohamed2000">Mohamed, M. (2000). <i>Great Muslim Mathematicians</i>. Penerbit UTM. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/983-52-0157-9" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/983-52-0157-9">983-52-0157-9</a>. <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/48759017">48759017</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Great+Muslim+Mathematicians&rft.aulast=Mohamed&rft.aufirst=M.&rft.au=Mohamed%2C%26%2332%3BM.&rft.date=2000&rft.pub=Penerbit+UTM&rft.isbn=983-52-0157-9&rft_id=info:oclcnum/48759017&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFPaul1993">Paul, E. R. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/milkywaygalaxyst0000paul"><i>The Milky Way Galaxy and Statistical Cosmology, 1890–1924</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-521-35363-7" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-521-35363-7">0-521-35363-7</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Milky+Way+Galaxy+and+Statistical+Cosmology%2C+1890%E2%80%931924&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=E.+R.&rft.au=Paul%2C%26%2332%3BE.+R.&rft.date=1993&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=0-521-35363-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmilkywaygalaxyst0000paul&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFSparkeGallagher_III2000">Sparke, L. S.; Gallagher III, J. S. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/galaxiesinuniver0000spar"><i>Galaxies in the Universe: An Introduction</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-521-59740-4" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-521-59740-4">0-521-59740-4</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Galaxies+in+the+Universe%3A+An+Introduction&rft.aulast=Sparke&rft.aufirst=L.+S.&rft.au=Sparke%2C%26%2332%3BL.+S.&rft.au=Gallagher+III%2C%26%2332%3BJ.+S.&rft.date=2000&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=0-521-59740-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgalaxiesinuniver0000spar&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFVan_den_Bergh1998">Van den Bergh, S. (1998). <i>Galaxy Morphology and Classification</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-521-62335-9" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-521-62335-9">0-521-62335-9</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Galaxy+Morphology+and+Classification&rft.aulast=Van+den+Bergh&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Van+den+Bergh%2C%26%2332%3BS.&rft.date=1998&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=0-521-62335-9&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" id="CITEREFWallerHodge2003">Waller, W. H.; Hodge, P. W. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/galaxiescosmicfr0000wall"><i>Galaxies and the Cosmic Frontier</i></a>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-674-01079-5" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-674-01079-5">0-674-01079-5</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Galaxies+and+the+Cosmic+Frontier&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=W.+H.&rft.au=Waller%2C%26%2332%3BW.+H.&rft.au=Hodge%2C%26%2332%3BP.+W.&rft.date=2003&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.isbn=0-674-01079-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgalaxiescosmicfr0000wall&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li>Timothy Ferris: <i>Galaxien.</i> Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 1987, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/3-7643-1867-8" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/3-7643-1867-8">3-7643-1867-8</a>.</li> <li>Johannes V. Feitzinger: <i>Galaxien und Kosmologie.</i> Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH, Stuttgart, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-3-440-10490-3" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-3-440-10490-3">978-3-440-10490-3</a>.</li> <li>Françoise Combes: <i>Galaktische Wellen.</i> In: <i>Spektrum der Wissenschaft.</i> 01/06.</li> <li>Peter Schneider: <i>Einführung in die Extragalaktische Astronomie und Kosmologie.</i> Springer Verlag, Heidelberg 2005, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/3-540-25832-9" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/3-540-25832-9">3-540-25832-9</a>.</li> <li>Helmut Hetznecker: <i>Kosmologische Strukturbildung – von der Quantenfluktuation zur Galaxie.</i> Spektrum Akad. Verl., Heidelberg 2009, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-3-8274-1935-4" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-3-8274-1935-4">978-3-8274-1935-4</a>.</li> <li>Michael Feiler, Philip Noack: <i>Deep sky – Reiseatlas; Sternhaufen, Nebel und Galaxien schnell und sicher finden.</i> Oculum-Verl., Erlangen 2005, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/3-938469-05-6" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/3-938469-05-6">3-938469-05-6</a>.</li> <li>Malcolm S. Longair: <i>Galaxy Formation.</i> Springer, Berlin 2008, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-3-540-73477-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-3-540-73477-2">978-3-540-73477-2</a>.</li> <li>Glen Mackie: <i>The Multiwavelength Atlas of Galaxies.</i> Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2011, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-0-521-62062-8" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-0-521-62062-8">978-0-521-62062-8</a>.</li> <li><span class="citation book" id="Засов_и_Постнов">Засов А. В., Постнов К. А. (2006). <i>Общая астрофизика</i>. Фрязино: Век 2. str. 496. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/5-85099-169-7" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/5-85099-169-7">5-85099-169-7</a>. УДК 52, ББК 22.6.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&rft.aulast=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%90.+%D0%92.%2C+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%9A.+%D0%90.&rft.au=%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%90.+%D0%92.%2C+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%9A.+%D0%90.&rft.date=2006&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B496&rft.place=%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE&rft.pub=%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BA+2&rft.isbn=5-85099-169-7&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation web">Ю. Н. Ефремов.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1198709">„Постоянная Хаббла”</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/60r7gd7of?url=http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1198709">Arhivirano</a> iz originala na datum 2011-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 2015-04-25</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=%D0%AE.+%D0%9D.+%D0%95%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2.&rft.au=%D0%AE.+%D0%9D.+%D0%95%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronet.ru%2Fdb%2Fmsg%2F1198709&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">James Binney. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/galacticastronom0000binn"><i>Galactic Astronomy</i></a>. Princeton University Press.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Galactic+Astronomy&rft.aulast=James+Binney.&rft.au=James+Binney.&rft.date=1998&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgalacticastronom0000binn&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book">Terence Dickinson. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/universebeyond0004dick"><i>The Universe and Beyond</i></a>. Firefly Books Ltd..</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universe+and+Beyond&rft.aulast=Terence+Dickinson.&rft.au=Terence+Dickinson.&rft.date=2004&rft.pub=Firefly+Books+Ltd.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funiversebeyond0004dick&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Galaksija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spoljašnje_veze"><span id="Spolja.C5.A1nje_veze"></span>Spoljašnje veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odjeljak Spoljašnje veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Spoljašnje veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Galaxies" title="commons:Category:Galaxies"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Galaxies" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Galaxies">Galaksija</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://astro.fdst.hr/Kozmologija/morfoGalaksija.php">astro.fdst.hr :: Kozmologija :: Morfologija galaksija</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051030000557/http://astro.fdst.hr/Kozmologija/morfoGalaksija.php">Arhivirano</a> 2005-10-30 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://messier.seds.org/galaxy.html">Galaxies, SEDS Messier pages</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/">An Atlas of The Universe</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nightskyinfo.com/galaxies">Galaxies — Information and amateur observations</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2002/08feb_gravlens.htm">The Oldest Galaxy Yet Found</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060411094750/http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2002/08feb_gravlens.htm">Arhivirano</a> 2006-04-11 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.galaxyzoo.org">Galaxy classification project, harnessing the power of the internet and the human brain</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.physics.org/facts/sand-galaxies.asp">How many galaxies are in our Universe?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150821071507/http://www.physics.org/facts/sand-galaxies.asp">Arhivirano</a> 2015-08-21 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronoo.com/en/galaxies.html">The most beautiful galaxies on Astronoo</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08LBltePDZw">3-D Video (01:46) – Over a Million Galaxies of Billions of Stars each – BerkeleyLab/animated.</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr">Izvor: <a dir="ltr" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&oldid=42170610">https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Galaksija&oldid=42170610</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Galaktike" title="Kategorija:Galaktike">Galaktike</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Nebeska_tijela" title="Kategorija:Nebeska tijela">Nebeska tijela</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Sakrivena kategorija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Kategorija:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica je posljednji put izmijenjena 18. augusta 2024. u 00:25.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; 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