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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Screenplay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Screenplay </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Screenplay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Casting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Casting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principal_photography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principal_photography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Principal photography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principal_photography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Post-production </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Copyright_litigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copyright_litigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Copyright litigation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Copyright_litigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Reception </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reception subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Box_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Box_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Box office </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Box_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Critical_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Critical response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Accolades </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Legacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-American_Film_Institute_recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_Film_Institute_recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1 American Film Institute recognition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_Film_Institute_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soundtrack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soundtrack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Soundtrack </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soundtrack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dispute_over_sequel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dispute_over_sequel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Dispute over sequel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dispute_over_sequel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Raging Bull</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" > 51 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AC" title="الثور الهائج – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الثور الهائج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B6%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9" title="غضب‌لی اینک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="غضب‌لی اینک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="রেজিং বুল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রেজিং বুল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Разяреният бик – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Разяреният бик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razjareni_bik" title="Razjareni bik – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Razjareni bik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toro_salvatge" title="Toro salvatge – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Toro salvatge" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zu%C5%99%C3%ADc%C3%AD_b%C3%BDk" title="Zuřící býk – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zuřící býk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyren_fra_Bronx" title="Tyren fra Bronx – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tyren fra Bronx" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wie_ein_wilder_Stier" title="Wie ein wilder Stier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wie ein wilder Stier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%95%CE%AF%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%BB%CE%BF" title="Οργισμένο Είδωλο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οργισμένο Είδωλο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toro_salvaje" title="Toro salvaje – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Toro salvaje" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%88_%D8%AE%D8%B4%D9%85%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="گاو خشمگین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گاو خشمگین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touro_salvaxe" title="Touro salvaxe – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Touro salvaxe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EB%82%9C_%ED%99%A9%EC%86%8C_(1980%EB%85%84_%EC%98%81%ED%99%94)" title="성난 황소 (1980년 영화) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="성난 황소 (1980년 영화)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razjareni_bik" title="Razjareni bik – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Razjareni bik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toro_scatenato" title="Toro scatenato – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Toro scatenato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%9D" title="השור הזועם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השור הזועם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98)" title="ცოფიანი ხარი (ფილმი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცოფიანი ხარი (ფილმი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satrakotais_v%C4%93rsis" title="Satrakotais vērsis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Satrakotais vērsis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AEsiut%C4%99s_bulius" title="Įsiutęs bulius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Įsiutęs bulius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCh%C3%B6ng%C5%91_bika" title="Dühöngő bika – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dühöngő bika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Разгневениот бик – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Разгневениот бик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AC" title="الثور الهائج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الثور الهائج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB" title="レイジング・ブル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レイジング・ブル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_rasende_oksen" title="Den rasende oksen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den rasende oksen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%9Bciek%C5%82y_Byk" title="Wściekły Byk – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wściekły Byk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurul_furios" title="Taurul furios – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Taurul furios" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Бешеный бык – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бешеный бык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raging_Bull" title="Raging Bull – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Raging Bull" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%BAriaci_b%C3%BDk" title="Zúriaci býk – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zúriaci býk" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobesneli_bik" title="Pobesneli bik – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pobesneli bik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1980 film directed by Martin Scorsese</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 1980 film. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Raging_Bull_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Raging Bull (disambiguation)">Raging Bull (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">Raging Bull</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Raging_Bull_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/5f/Raging_Bull_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="329" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Jung" title="Tom Jung">Tom Jung</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mardik_Martin" title="Mardik Martin">Mardik Martin</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Based on</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><a href="/wiki/Raging_Bull:_My_Story" class="mw-redirect" title="Raging Bull: My Story">Raging Bull: My Story</a> by <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="display: inline"><ul style="display: inline"><li style="display: inline"><a href="/wiki/Jake_LaMotta" title="Jake LaMotta">Jake LaMotta</a></li><li>Joseph Carter</li><li>Peter Savage</li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irwin_Winkler" title="Irwin Winkler">Irwin Winkler</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Chartoff" title="Robert Chartoff">Robert Chartoff</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chapman_(cinematographer)" title="Michael Chapman (cinematographer)">Michael Chapman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production companies</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;">Chartoff-Winkler Productions, Inc.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release dates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>November 14, 1980 (1980-11-14) (New York City)</li> <li>December 19, 1980 (1980-12-19) (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">129 minutes<a href="#cite_note-Runtime-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$18 million<a href="#cite_note-Numbers-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">$23.4 million<a href="#cite_note-Numbers-3">[3]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Raging Bull is a 1980 American <a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">biographical</a> <a href="/wiki/Sports_film" title="Sports film">sports</a> <a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">drama film</a> directed by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Pesci" title="Joe Pesci">Joe Pesci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cathy_Moriarty" title="Cathy Moriarty">Cathy Moriarty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theresa_Saldana" title="Theresa Saldana">Theresa Saldana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Vincent" title="Frank Vincent">Frank Vincent</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Colasanto" title="Nicholas Colasanto">Nicholas Colasanto</a> in his final film role. The film is an adaptation of former <a href="/wiki/Middleweight" title="Middleweight">middleweight</a> boxing champion <a href="/wiki/Jake_LaMotta" title="Jake LaMotta">Jake LaMotta</a>'s 1970 memoir <a href="/wiki/Raging_Bull:_My_Story" class="mw-redirect" title="Raging Bull: My Story">Raging Bull: My Story</a>. It follows the career of LaMotta, played by De Niro, his rise and fall in the boxing scene, and his turbulent personal life beset by rage and jealousy. Scorsese was initially reluctant to develop the project, though he eventually came to relate to LaMotta's story. <a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> re-wrote <a href="/wiki/Mardik_Martin" title="Mardik Martin">Mardik Martin</a>'s first screenplay, and Scorsese and De Niro together made uncredited contributions thereafter. Pesci was an unknown actor prior to the film, as was Moriarty, whom Pesci suggested for her role. During <a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">principal photography</a>, each of the boxing scenes was choreographed for a specific visual style and De Niro gained approximately 60 pounds (27 kg) to portray LaMotta in his later post-boxing years. Scorsese was exacting in the process of <a href="/wiki/Post-production" title="Post-production">editing and mixing</a> the film, expecting it to be his last major feature. Raging Bull premiered in New York City on November 14, 1980, and was released in theaters on December 19, 1980. The film had a lukewarm box office of $23.4 million against its $18 million budget. The film received mixed reviews upon its release; while De Niro's performance and the editing were widely acclaimed, it garnered criticism due to its violent content. Despite the mixed reviews, the film was nominated for eight <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a> at the <a href="/wiki/53rd_Academy_Awards" title="53rd Academy Awards">53rd Academy Awards</a> (tying with <a href="/wiki/The_Elephant_Man_(film)" title="The Elephant Man (film)">The Elephant Man</a> as the most nominated film of the ceremony), including <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a>, and won two: <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> for De Niro (his second Oscar) and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Film_Editing" title="Academy Award for Best Film Editing">Best Editing</a>. After its release, Raging Bull went on to garner high critical praise, and is now considered one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_films_considered_the_best" class="mw-redirect" title="List of films considered the best">greatest films ever made</a>. In 1990, it became the first film to be selected in its first year of eligibility for preservation in the United States <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant",<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a> ranked it as the <a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years...100_Movies_(10th_Anniversary_Edition)" title="AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)">fourth-greatest American movie of all time</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot">edit</a>]</div> In 1941, <a href="/wiki/Jake_LaMotta" title="Jake LaMotta">Jake LaMotta</a> is a young, up-and-coming <a href="/wiki/Middleweight" title="Middleweight">middleweight</a> boxer who suffers his first loss to <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Reeves" title="Jimmy Reeves">Jimmy Reeves</a> after a controversial decision. Jake's brother <a href="/wiki/Joey_LaMotta" title="Joey LaMotta">Joey</a> discusses a potential shot for the middleweight title with one of his <a href="/wiki/Italian-American_Mafia" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian-American Mafia">Mafia</a> connections, Salvy Batts, but he repeatedly refuses the Mafia's help, wanting to win the championship on his own terms. Some time after, Jake spots a fifteen-year-old girl named Vickie at a swimming pool in his <a href="/wiki/Bronx" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx">Bronx</a> neighborhood. He eventually pursues a relationship with her, although he is already married and Vickie is underage. In 1943, Jake defeats <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Sugar Ray Robinson</a>, and has a rematch three weeks later. Despite Jake dominating Robinson during the bout, the judges surprisingly rule in favor of Robinson, who Joey feels won only because he was enlisting into the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a> the following week. By 1945, Jake marries Vickie. Jake is controlling and domineering over Vickie, and constantly worries that she has feelings for other men. His jealousy is evident when he brutally beats his next opponent, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Janiro" title="Tony Janiro">Tony Janiro</a>, in front of Tommy Como, the local <a href="/wiki/Mob_boss" class="mw-redirect" title="Mob boss">mob boss</a>, and Vickie. As Joey discusses the victory with journalists at the <a href="/wiki/Copacabana_(nightclub)" title="Copacabana (nightclub)">Copacabana</a>, he is distracted by seeing Vickie approach a table with Salvy and his crew. Joey speaks with Vickie, who implies she is dissatisfied in her marriage with Jake. Under the wrong impression that Vickie is having an affair with Salvy, Joey viciously attacks him in a fight that spills outside of the club. Como later orders them to apologize, and has Joey tell Jake that if he wants a chance at the championship title, which Como controls, he will have to take a <a href="/wiki/Match_fixing" title="Match fixing">dive</a> first. Jake purposely loses his next match against <a href="/wiki/Billy_Fox_(boxer)" title="Billy Fox (boxer)">Billy Fox</a>, and is booed out of the building after putting up a lackluster performance. He is suspended shortly thereafter from the board on suspicion of throwing the fight, much to his anguish. He is eventually reinstated, and in 1949, wins the middleweight championship title against <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Cerdan" title="Marcel Cerdan">Marcel Cerdan</a>. A year later, Jake becomes increasingly paranoid that Vickie is having an affair. He asks Joey if he has had an affair with her, enraging Joey and causing him to leave. Jake later presses Vickie about whether she has had an affair, leading to her sarcastically confessing that she had sex with Joey, Salvy and Tommy. In a fit of rage, Jake, followed by Vickie, walks to Joey's house and assaults him in front of his wife Lenora and their children before knocking Vickie unconscious. Vickie later returns to their home and threatens to leave, but they reconcile. After defending his championship belt in a grueling fifteen-round bout against <a href="/wiki/Laurent_Dauthuille" title="Laurent Dauthuille">Laurent Dauthuille</a> in 1950, he calls his brother after the fight to make amends, but when Joey assumes Salvy is on the other end and starts insulting and cursing at him, Jake silently hangs up. Estranged from his brother, Jake sees his career decline and he eventually loses his title to Sugar Ray Robinson in their <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson_vs._Jake_LaMotta" title="Sugar Ray Robinson vs. Jake LaMotta">final encounter in 1951</a>. By 1956, an aged and overweight Jake has retired and moved with his family to <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>. After he stays out all night at the nightclub which he owns, Vickie tells him she wants a divorce as well as full custody of their children. She also threatens to call the police if he comes anywhere near them. He is later arrested for introducing under-age girls to men in his club. He unsuccessfully attempts to bribe his way out of his criminal case using the jewels from his championship belt. In 1957, he goes to jail, sorrowfully questioning his misfortune and crying in despair. Upon returning to New York City in 1958, he encounters Joey, who reluctantly accepts his embrace. In 1964, Jake performs <a href="/wiki/Stand-up_comedy" title="Stand-up comedy">stand-up comedy</a> at various clubs. Backstage before a show LaMotta prepares himself for his performance by <a href="/wiki/Shadowboxing" title="Shadowboxing">shadowboxing</a>, quoting scenes from <a href="/wiki/On_the_Waterfront" title="On the Waterfront">On the Waterfront</a> and chanting "I'm the boss" before taking the stage. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:392px;max-width:392px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:209px;max-width:209px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:228px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Jake_LaMotta_signed_photo_postcard_1952.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Jake_LaMotta_signed_photo_postcard_1952.JPG/207px-Jake_LaMotta_signed_photo_postcard_1952.JPG" decoding="async" width="207" height="348" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Jake_LaMotta_signed_photo_postcard_1952.JPG/311px-Jake_LaMotta_signed_photo_postcard_1952.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Jake_LaMotta_signed_photo_postcard_1952.JPG/414px-Jake_LaMotta_signed_photo_postcard_1952.JPG 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="897" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Jake_LaMotta" title="Jake LaMotta">Jake LaMotta</a> in a postcard dated 1952</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:179px;max-width:179px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:228px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_De_Niro_2_by_David_Shankbone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Robert_De_Niro_2_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/177px-Robert_De_Niro_2_by_David_Shankbone.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Robert_De_Niro_2_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/266px-Robert_De_Niro_2_by_David_Shankbone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Robert_De_Niro_2_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/354px-Robert_De_Niro_2_by_David_Shankbone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1824" data-file-height="2412" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Robert De Niro portrays LaMotta in Raging Bull.</div></div></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;min-width: min(25em, 100%);"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> as <a href="/wiki/Jake_LaMotta" title="Jake LaMotta">Jake LaMotta</a><a href="#cite_note-Evans_p177-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Pesci" title="Joe Pesci">Joe Pesci</a> as <a href="/wiki/Joey_LaMotta" title="Joey LaMotta">Joey LaMotta</a><a href="#cite_note-Evans_p177-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Moriarty" title="Cathy Moriarty">Cathy Moriarty</a> as <a href="/wiki/Vikki_LaMotta" title="Vikki LaMotta">Vickie LaMotta</a><a href="#cite_note-Evans_p177-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Colasanto" title="Nicholas Colasanto">Nicholas Colasanto</a> as Tommy Como<a href="#cite_note-Evans_p177-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_Saldana" title="Theresa Saldana">Theresa Saldana</a> as Lenora LaMotta, Joey's second wife<a href="#cite_note-Evans_p177-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Vincent" title="Frank Vincent">Frank Vincent</a> as Salvatore "Salvy Batts"<a href="#cite_note-Evans_p177-6">[6]</a></li> <li>Lori Anne Flax as Irma LaMotta, Jake's first wife</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Gallo_(actor)" title="Mario Gallo (actor)">Mario Gallo</a> as Mario</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Adonis" title="Frank Adonis">Frank Adonis</a> as Patsy</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Bono&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Bono (page does not exist)">Joseph Bono</a> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q111549303#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q111549303">d</a>] as Guido</li> <li>Frank Topham as "Toppy"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Scorsese" title="Charles Scorsese">Charles Scorsese</a> as Charlie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Smith_(actress)" title="Geraldine Smith (actress)">Geraldine Smith</a> as Janet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candy_Moore" title="Candy Moore">Candy Moore</a> as Linda</li> <li>James V. Christy as Dr. Pinto</li> <li>Laura James as Mrs. Bronson</li> <li>Peter Savage as Jackie Curtie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Dunphy" title="Don Dunphy">Don Dunphy</a> as Himself</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKenzie_Westmore" title="McKenzie Westmore">McKenzie Westmore</a> as Stephanie LaMotta</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_LeBell" title="Gene LeBell">Gene LeBell</a> as Ring Announcer for Reeves Fight</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shay_Duffin" title="Shay Duffin">Shay Duffin</a> as Ring announcer for Janiro Fight</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> as Barbizon Stagehand (voice)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Badalucco" title="Michael Badalucco">Michael Badalucco</a> as Soda Fountain Clerk</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Turturro" title="John Turturro">John Turturro</a> as Man at Webster Hall Table (uncredited)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coley_Wallace" title="Coley Wallace">Coley Wallace</a> as <a href="/wiki/Joe_Louis" title="Joe Louis">Joe Louis</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LaMotta's_opponents">LaMotta's opponents</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: LaMotta's opponents">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;min-width: min(25em, 100%);"> <ul><li>Johnny Barnes as <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Ray_Robinson" title="Sugar Ray Robinson">Sugar Ray Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hanrahan" title="Bill Hanrahan">Bill Hanrahan</a> as <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Eagan" title="Eddie Eagan">Eddie Eagan</a></li> <li>Kevin Mahon as <a href="/wiki/Tony_Janiro" title="Tony Janiro">Tony Janiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Mustafa_Muhammad" title="Eddie Mustafa Muhammad">Eddie Mustafa Muhammad</a> as <a href="/wiki/Billy_Fox_(boxer)" title="Billy Fox (boxer)">Billy Fox</a></li> <li>Floyd Anderson as <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Reeves" title="Jimmy Reeves">Jimmy Reeves</a></li> <li>Johnny Turner as <a href="/wiki/Laurent_Dauthuille" title="Laurent Dauthuille">Laurent Dauthuille</a></li> <li>Louis Raftis as <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Cerdan" title="Marcel Cerdan">Marcel Cerdan</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Production">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Development">edit</a>]</div> Raging Bull came about when <a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> read the <a href="/wiki/Raging_Bull:_My_Story" class="mw-redirect" title="Raging Bull: My Story">autobiography upon which the film is based</a> while he was on the set of <a href="/wiki/The_Godfather_Part_II" title="The Godfather Part II">The Godfather Part II</a>. Although disappointed by the book's writing style, De Niro became fascinated by the character of <a href="/wiki/Jake_LaMotta" title="Jake LaMotta">Jake LaMotta</a>. He showed the book to <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> on the set of <a href="/wiki/Alice_Doesn%27t_Live_Here_Anymore" title="Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore">Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore</a> in the hope that he would consider the project.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p254-8">[8]</a> Scorsese repeatedly turned down the opportunity to direct the film, claiming he had no idea what Raging Bull was about, even though he had read some of the text. Never a sports fan, when he found out what LaMotta used to do for a living, he said, "A boxer? I don't like boxing...Even as a kid, I always thought that boxing was boring... It was something I couldn't, wouldn't grasp." His overall opinion of sport in general is, "Anything with a ball, no good."<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p378-9">[9]</a> The book was then passed onto Mardik Martin, the film's eventual co-screenwriter, who said "the trouble is the damn thing has been done a hundred times before—a fighter who has trouble with his brother and his wife and the mob is after him". De Niro had even shown the book to producers <a href="/wiki/Robert_Chartoff" title="Robert Chartoff">Robert Chartoff</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Winkler" title="Irwin Winkler">Irwin Winkler</a>, who were willing to assist only if Scorsese agreed.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p315-10">[10]</a> After nearly dying from a <a href="/wiki/Drug_overdose" title="Drug overdose">drug overdose</a>, Scorsese agreed to make the film, not only to save his own life but also to save his career. Scorsese began to relate very personally to the story of Jake LaMotta, and in it he saw how the boxing ring can be "an allegory for whatever you do in life", which for him paralleled moviemaking, "you make movies, you're in the ring each time."<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_pp.76/77-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Friedman_p115-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-villarreal-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-torrance-14">[14]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JakeLaMotta_with_DeNiro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/26/JakeLaMotta_with_DeNiro.jpg/200px-JakeLaMotta_with_DeNiro.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/26/JakeLaMotta_with_DeNiro.jpg/300px-JakeLaMotta_with_DeNiro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/26/JakeLaMotta_with_DeNiro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="255" /></a><figcaption>Robert De Niro in training with the real Jake LaMotta</figcaption></figure> Preparation for the film began with Scorsese shooting some 8 mm color footage featuring De Niro boxing in a ring. One night when the footage was being shown to De Niro, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Chapman_(cinematographer)" title="Michael Chapman (cinematographer)">Michael Chapman</a>, and his friend and mentor, the British director <a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a>, Powell pointed out that the color of the gloves at the time would have only been maroon, oxblood, or even black. This is one of the reasons Scorsese chose to film Raging Bull in black and white. Other reasons were to distinguish the film from other color films around the time and to acknowledge the problem of fading color film stock—an issue Scorsese recognized.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p389-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Total_Film_pp180-181-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_p80-17">[17]</a> Scorsese went to two matches at <a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a> to aid his research, picking up on minor but essential details such as the blood sponge and subsequently, the blood on the ropes (which would later be used in the film).<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_p80-17">[17]</a> According to the brief comments on the inlay card of the Raging Bull DVD, Scorsese was not—and still is not—a fan of sports or boxing, which he describes as boring. When he saw the blood-soaked sponges being dipped in a bucket, he recalls thinking to himself, 'And they call this sport.' <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Screenplay">Screenplay</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Screenplay">edit</a>]</div> Under the guidance of Chartoff and Winkler, <a href="/wiki/Mardik_Martin" title="Mardik Martin">Mardik Martin</a> was asked to start writing the screenplay.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p379-18">[18]</a> According to De Niro, under no circumstances would <a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a> accept Martin's script.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_pp384-385-19">[19]</a> The story was based on the vision of journalist <a href="/wiki/Pete_Hamill" title="Pete Hamill">Pete Hamill</a> of a 1930s and 1940s style, when boxing was known as "the great dark prince of sports". De Niro was unimpressed when he finished reading the first draft, however.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp186-189-20">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver" title="Taxi Driver">Taxi Driver</a> screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> was swiftly brought in to rewrite the script around August 1978.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp186-189-20">[20]</a> Some of the changes that Schrader made to the script included a rewrite of the scene with the undercooked steak and inclusion of LaMotta seen masturbating in a <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> cell. The character of LaMotta's brother, Joey, was finally added, previously absent from Martin's script.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_pp384-385-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp186-189-20">[20]</a> United Artists saw a massive improvement on the quality of the script. However, its chief executives, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Bach" title="Steven Bach">Steven Bach</a> and David Field, met with Scorsese, De Niro, and producer <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Winkler" title="Irwin Winkler">Irwin Winkler</a> in November 1978 to say they were worried that the content would be <a href="/wiki/X-rated" class="mw-redirect" title="X-rated">X-rated</a> material and have no chance of finding an audience.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p389-15">[15]</a> According to Scorsese, the script was left to him and De Niro, and they spent two and a half weeks on the island of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Martin_(island)" title="Saint Martin (island)">Saint Martin</a> extensively re-building the content of the film.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_pp.76/77-11">[11]</a> The most significant change would be the entire scene when LaMotta fixes his television and then accuses his wife of having an affair. Other changes included the removal of Jake and Joey's father; the reduction of <a href="/wiki/Organized_crime" title="Organized crime">organized crime</a>'s role in the story and a major re-write of LaMotta's fight with Tony Janiro.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p390-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_p193-22">[22]</a> They were also responsible for the end sequence where LaMotta is all alone in his dressing room quoting the "I could have been a contender" scene from <a href="/wiki/On_the_Waterfront" title="On the Waterfront">On the Waterfront</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_p193-22">[22]</a> An extract of <a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)" title="Richard III (play)">Richard III</a> had been considered but <a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a> thought it would be a bad decision within the context of an American film.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_pp.76/77-11">[11]</a> According to Steven Bach, the first two screenwriters (Martin and Schrader) would receive credit, but since there was no payment to the writer's guild on the script, De Niro and Scorsese's work would remain uncredited.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_p193-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casting">Casting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Casting">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cathy_Moriarty_and_Joe_Pesci,_1980.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Cathy_Moriarty_and_Joe_Pesci%2C_1980.jpg/200px-Cathy_Moriarty_and_Joe_Pesci%2C_1980.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Cathy_Moriarty_and_Joe_Pesci%2C_1980.jpg/300px-Cathy_Moriarty_and_Joe_Pesci%2C_1980.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Cathy_Moriarty_and_Joe_Pesci%2C_1980.jpg/400px-Cathy_Moriarty_and_Joe_Pesci%2C_1980.jpg 2x" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="626" /></a><figcaption>Cathy Moriarty (left) and Joe Pesci (right) on the set</figcaption></figure> One of Scorsese's trademarks was casting many actors and actresses new to the profession.<a href="#cite_note-Evans_p65-23">[23]</a> De Niro, who was already committed to play Jake LaMotta, began to help Scorsese track down unfamiliar names to play his on-screen brother, Joey, and wife, Vikki.<a href="#cite_note-Evans_p61-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a> The role of Joey LaMotta was the first to be cast. De Niro was watching a low budget television film called <a href="/wiki/The_Death_Collector" title="The Death Collector">The Death Collector</a> when he saw the part of a young career criminal played by <a href="/wiki/Joe_Pesci" title="Joe Pesci">Joe Pesci</a> (then an unknown and struggling actor) as an ideal candidate. Prior to receiving a call from De Niro and Scorsese for the proposal to star in the film, Pesci had not worked in film for four years and was working at an Italian restaurant in <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>. The role of Vikki (respelled as Vickie in the final film), Jake's second wife, had interest across the board, but it was Pesci who suggested the then unknown <a href="/wiki/Cathy_Moriarty" title="Cathy Moriarty">Cathy Moriarty</a> from a picture he once saw at a <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> disco.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a> Both De Niro and Scorsese believed that Moriarty, then 18, could portray the role after meeting with her on several occasions and noticing her husky voice and physical maturity. The duo had to prove to the <a href="/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild" title="Screen Actors Guild">Screen Actors Guild</a> that she was right for the role when <a href="/wiki/Cis_Corman" title="Cis Corman">Cis Corman</a> showed 10 comparing pictures of both Moriarty and the real Vikki LaMotta for proof she had a resemblance.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a> Moriarty was then asked to take a screen test which she managed—partly aided with some improvised lines from De Niro—after some confusion wondering why the crew were filming her take. Joe Pesci also persuaded his former show-biz pal and co-star in <a href="/wiki/The_Death_Collector" title="The Death Collector">The Death Collector</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Vincent" title="Frank Vincent">Frank Vincent</a>, to try for the role of Salvy Batts. Following a successful audition and screen test, Vincent received the call to say he had received the part.<a href="#cite_note-Evans_pp.65/66-26">[26]</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scorsese" title="Charles Scorsese">Charles Scorsese</a>, the director's father, made his film debut as Tommy Como's cousin, Charlie.<a href="#cite_note-Evans_pp.65/66-26">[26]</a> While in the midst of practicing a <a href="/wiki/Bronx_accent" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx accent">Bronx accent</a> and preparing for his role, De Niro met both LaMotta and his ex-wife, <a href="/wiki/Vikki_LaMotta" title="Vikki LaMotta">Vikki</a>, on separate occasions. Vikki, who lived in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, told stories about her life with her former husband and also showed old home movies (that later inspired a similar sequence to be done for the film).<a href="#cite_note-Total_Film_pp180-181-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_p192-27">[27]</a> Jake LaMotta, on the other hand, served as his trainer, accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Al_Silvani" title="Al Silvani">Al Silvani</a> as coach at the Gramercy club in New York City, getting him into shape. The actor found that boxing came naturally to him; he entered as a middleweight boxer, winning two of his three fights in a <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> ring dubbed "young LaMotta" by the commentator. According to Jake LaMotta, De Niro was one of the top 20 best middleweight boxers of all time.<a href="#cite_note-Total_Film_pp180-181-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principal_photography">Principal photography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Principal photography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Filming_the_boxing_scenes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Filming_the_boxing_scenes.jpg/200px-Filming_the_boxing_scenes.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/fd/Filming_the_boxing_scenes.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="202" /></a><figcaption>Filming of the boxing scenes with director, Scorsese (center left, with beard) and the director of photography, Michael Chapman (center right, with white shirt)</figcaption></figure> According to the production mixer, Michael Evje, the film began shooting at the Los Angeles Olympic Auditorium on April 16, 1979. <a href="/wiki/Grip_(job)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grip (job)">Grips</a> hung huge curtains of black <a href="/wiki/Duvetyne" title="Duvetyne">duvetyne</a> on all four sides of the ring area to contain the artificial smoke used extensively for visual effect. On May 7, the production moved to the <a href="/wiki/Culver_City,_California" title="Culver City, California">Culver City</a> Studio, Stage 3, and filmed there until the middle of June. Scorsese made it clear during filming that he did not appreciate the traditional way in films of showing fights from the spectators' view.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_p80-17">[17]</a> He insisted that one camera operated by the Director of Photography, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Chapman_(cinematographer)" title="Michael Chapman (cinematographer)">Michael Chapman</a>, would be placed inside the ring as he would play the role of an opponent keeping out of the way of other fighters so that viewers could see the emotions of the fighters, including those of Jake.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a> The precise moves of the boxers were to be done as dance routines from the information of a book about dance instructors in the mode of <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Murray" title="Arthur Murray">Arthur Murray</a>. A punching bag in the middle of the ring was used by De Niro between takes before he aggressively came straight on to do the next scene.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_and_Christie_pp83-84-28">[28]</a> The initial five-week schedule for the shooting of the boxing scenes took longer than expected, putting Scorsese under pressure.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a> According to Scorsese, production of the film was then closed down for around four months with the entire crew being paid, so De Niro could go on a binge eating trip around <a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">northern Italy</a> and France.<a href="#cite_note-Total_Film_pp180-181-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_and_Christie_pp83-84-28">[28]</a> When he did come back to the United States, his weight had increased from 145 to 215 pounds (66 to 97 kg).<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a> The scenes with the heftier Jake LaMotta—which include announcing his retirement from boxing and LaMotta ending up in a Florida cell—were completed while approaching Christmas 1979 between seven and eight weeks later so as not to aggravate the health issues which were already affecting De Niro's posture, breathing, and talking.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_pp196-201-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_and_Christie_pp83-84-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_p83-29">[29]</a> According to Evje, Jake's nightclub sequence was filmed in a closed-down <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Pedro, California">San Pedro</a> club on December 3. The jail cell head-banging scene was shot on a constructed set with De Niro asking for minimal crew to be present—there was not even a boom operator. The final sequence where Jake LaMotta is in front of his mirror was filmed on the last day of shooting, requiring 19 takes, with only the 13th being used for the film. Scorsese wanted to have an atmosphere that would be so cold that the words would have an impact as he tries to come to terms with his relationship with his brother.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_pp.76/77-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-production">Post-production</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Post-production">edit</a>]</div> The editing of Raging Bull began when production was temporarily put on hold and was completed in 1980.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_and_Christie_pp83-84-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p399-30">[30]</a> Scorsese worked with the editor, <a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a>, to achieve a final cut of the film. Their main decision was to abandon Schrader's idea of LaMotta's nightclub act interweaving with the flashback of his youth and instead they just followed along the lines of a single flashback where only scenes of LaMotta practicing his stand-up would be left <a href="/wiki/Bookend_scene" class="mw-redirect" title="Bookend scene">bookending</a> the film.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_p90-31">[31]</a> A sound mix arranged by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Warner_(sound_editor)" title="Frank Warner (sound editor)">Frank Warner</a> was a delicate process taking six months.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p399-30">[30]</a> According to Scorsese, the sound on Raging Bull was difficult because each punch, camera shot, and flash bulb would be different. Also, there was the issue of trying to balance the quality between scenes featuring dialogue and those involving boxing (which were done in <a href="/wiki/Dolby_Stereo" title="Dolby Stereo">Dolby Stereo</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_and_Christie_pp83-84-28">[28]</a> Raging Bull went through a test screening in front of a small audience including the chief executives of United Artists, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Bach" title="Steven Bach">Steven Bach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andy_Albeck" title="Andy Albeck">Andy Albeck</a>. The screening was shown at the MGM screening room in New York around July 1980. Later, Albeck praised Scorsese by calling him a "true artist".<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p399-30">[30]</a> According to the producers Robert Chartoff and Irwin Winkler, matters were made worse when United Artists decided not to distribute the film but no other studios were interested when they attempted to sell the rights.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p399-30">[30]</a> Scorsese made no secret that Raging Bull would be his "<a href="/wiki/Cinema_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinema in the United States">Hollywood</a> swan song" and he took unusual care of its rights during post-production.<a href="#cite_note-Friedman_p115-12">[12]</a> Scorsese threatened to remove his credit from the film if he was not allowed to sort a reel which obscured the name of a whisky brand known as "<a href="/wiki/Cutty_Sark_(whisky)" title="Cutty Sark (whisky)">Cutty Sark</a>" which was heard in a scene. The work was completed only four days shy of the premiere.<a href="#cite_note-Baxter_p204-32">[32]</a> In 2012, Raging Bull was voted by the <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_Editors_Guild" title="Motion Picture Editors Guild">Motion Picture Editors Guild</a> as the best-edited film in history.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Copyright_litigation">Copyright litigation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Copyright litigation">edit</a>]</div> Paula Petrella, heir to Frank Petrello whose works were allegedly sources for the film, filed for copyright infringement in 2009 based on MGM's 1991 copyright renewal of the film. In 2014, the Supreme Court held, in <a href="/wiki/Petrella_v._Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer,_Inc." title="Petrella v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc.">Petrella v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc.</a>, that Petrella's suit survived MGM's defense of "<a href="/wiki/Laches_(equity)" title="Laches (equity)">laches</a>", the legal doctrine that protects defendants from unreasonable delays by potential plaintiffs. The case was remanded to lower courts, meaning that Petrella could receive a decision on the merits of her claim.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> MGM settled with Petrella in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Reception">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Box_office">Box office</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Box office">edit</a>]</div> The brew of violence and anger, combined with the lack of a proper advertising campaign, led to the film's lukewarm box office intake of only $23 million, when compared to its $18 million budget. By the time it left theaters, it only earned $10.1 million in <a href="/wiki/Gross_rental" class="mw-redirect" title="Gross rental">theatrical rentals</a> (equivalent to $31.4 million in 2023).<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Scorsese became concerned for his future career and worried that producers and studios might refuse to finance his films.<a href="#cite_note-Evans_pp124-129-37">[37]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>, the film grossed $23,383,987 in domestic theaters (equivalent to $72.6 million in 2023).<a href="#cite_note-BOMJ-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_response">Critical response</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Critical response">edit</a>]</div> When it first premiered in New York City on November 14, 1980, the initial release of Raging Bull was met with polarized reviews, but the film would later receive widespread critical acclaim and is widely regarded as one of Scorsese's best works.<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p399-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-Baxter_p90-31">[31]</a> On the <a href="/wiki/Review_aggregator" title="Review aggregator">review aggregator</a> <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>, the film has an approval rating of 92% based on 149 reviews, with an average rating of 9.00/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Arguably Martin Scorsese's and Robert De Niro's finest film, Raging Bull is often painful to watch, but it's a searing, powerful work about an unsympathetic hero."<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a> which assigns a weighted average, gave it a score of 90 out of 100, based on 28 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Jack Kroll of <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a> called Raging Bull the "best movie of the year".<a href="#cite_note-Biskind_p399-30">[30]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Vincent Canby</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> said that Scorsese "has made his most ambitious film as well as his finest" and went on to praise Moriarty's debut performance saying: "either she is one of the film finds of the decade or Mr. Scorsese is <a href="/wiki/Svengali" title="Svengali">Svengali</a>. Perhaps both."<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-Evans_pp124-129-37">[37]</a> <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> praised De Niro's performance since "much of Raging Bull exists because of the possibilities it offers De Niro to display his own explosive art".<a href="#cite_note-Evans_pp124-129-37">[37]</a> Steven Jenkins from the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>'s (BFI) magazine, Monthly Film Journal, said "Raging Bull may prove to be Scorsese's finest achievement to date".<a href="#cite_note-Evans_pp124-129-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accolades">Accolades</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Accolades">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Award </th> <th scope="col">Category </th> <th scope="col">Recipient </th> <th scope="col">Result </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8"><a href="/wiki/53rd_Academy_Awards" title="53rd Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a><a href="#cite_note-Evans_pp124-129-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Oscars1981-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Irwin_Winkler" title="Irwin Winkler">Irwin Winkler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Chartoff" title="Robert Chartoff">Robert Chartoff</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor">Best Supporting Actor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Pesci" title="Joe Pesci">Joe Pesci</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress" title="Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress">Best Supporting Actress</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Moriarty" title="Cathy Moriarty">Cathy Moriarty</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Cinematography" title="Academy Award for Best Cinematography">Best Cinematography</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chapman_(cinematographer)" title="Michael Chapman (cinematographer)">Michael Chapman</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Film_Editing" title="Academy Award for Best Film Editing">Best Film Editing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Sound" title="Academy Award for Best Sound">Best Sound</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_O._Mitchell" title="Donald O. Mitchell">Donald O. Mitchell</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_%22Bill%22_Nicholson" class="mw-redirect" title="William "Bill" Nicholson">Bill Nicholson</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_J._Kimball" title="David J. Kimball">David J. Kimball</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Les_Lazarowitz" title="Les Lazarowitz">Les Lazarowitz</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Cinema_Editors" title="American Cinema Editors">American Cinema Editors Awards</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Cinema_Editors_Award_for_Best_Edited_Feature_Film_%E2%80%93_Dramatic" title="American Cinema Editors Award for Best Edited Feature Film – Dramatic">Best Edited Feature Film</a> </td> <td>Thelma Schoonmaker </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Awards_1980" title="Boston Society of Film Critics Awards 1980">Boston Society of Film Critics Awards</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Film">Best Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> </td> <td>Robert De Niro </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Cinematography" title="Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Cinematography">Best Cinematography</a> </td> <td>Michael Chapman </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/35th_British_Academy_Film_Awards" title="35th British Academy Film Awards">British Academy Film Awards</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Actor_in_a_Leading_Role" title="BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role">Best Actor in a Leading Role</a> </td> <td>Robert De Niro </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Editing" title="BAFTA Award for Best Editing">Best Editing</a> </td> <td>Thelma Schoonmaker </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Most_Promising_Newcomer_to_Leading_Film_Roles" title="BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles">Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles</a> </td> <td>Cathy Moriarty </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>Joe Pesci </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/33rd_Directors_Guild_of_America_Awards" title="33rd Directors Guild of America Awards">Directors Guild of America Awards</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Directors_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_%E2%80%93_Feature_Film" title="Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film">Outstanding Directorial Achievement</a> </td> <td>Martin Scorsese </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/38th_Golden_Globe_Awards" title="38th Golden Globe Awards">Golden Globe Awards</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture_%E2%80%93_Drama" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama">Best Motion Picture – Drama</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actor_%E2%80%93_Motion_Picture_Drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama">Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama</a> </td> <td>Robert De Niro </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1980_Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Awards" title="1980 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards">Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Film">Best Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> </td> <td>Robert De Niro </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Awards_1980" title="National Board of Review Awards 1980">National Board of Review Awards</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review:_Top_Ten_Films" title="National Board of Review: Top Ten Films">Top Ten Films</a> </td> <td style="background:#CDE; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-draw">2nd place </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="National Board of Review Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> </td> <td>Robert De Niro </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor" title="National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actor">Best Supporting Actor</a> </td> <td>Joe Pesci </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Film_Preservation_Board" title="National Film Preservation Board">National Film Preservation Board</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Inducted </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/1980_National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Awards" title="1980 National Society of Film Critics Awards">National Society of Film Critics Awards</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Film" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Film">Best Film</a> </td> <td style="background:#CDE; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-draw">2nd place </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> </td> <td>Martin Scorsese </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> </td> <td>Robert De Niro </td> <td style="background:#CDE; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-draw">2nd place </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actor">Best Supporting Actor</a> </td> <td>Joe Pesci </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress">Best Supporting Actress</a> </td> <td>Cathy Moriarty </td> <td style="background:#CDE; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-draw">3rd place </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Cinematography" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Cinematography">Best Cinematography</a> </td> <td>Michael Chapman </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/1980_New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Awards" title="1980 New York Film Critics Circle Awards">New York Film Critics Circle Awards</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Film" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Film">Best Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #DFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-cast">Runner-up </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Director" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> </td> <td>Martin Scorsese </td> <td style="background: #DFF; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-cast">Runner-up </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor">Best Actor</a> </td> <td>Robert De Niro </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor">Best Supporting Actor</a> </td> <td>Joe Pesci </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr></tbody></table> The Oscars were held the day after President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> was shot by <a href="/wiki/John_Hinckley_Jr." title="John Hinckley Jr.">John Hinckley</a>, who did it as an attempt to impress <a href="/wiki/Jodie_Foster" title="Jodie Foster">Jodie Foster</a>, who played a child prostitute in another of Scorsese's famous films, <a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver" title="Taxi Driver">Taxi Driver</a> (which also starred De Niro).<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Out of fear of being attacked, Scorsese went to the ceremony with <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a> bodyguards disguised as guests who escorted him out before the announcement of the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Academy Award for Best Picture</a> was made (the winner being Robert Redford's <a href="/wiki/Ordinary_People" title="Ordinary People">Ordinary People</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association" title="Los Angeles Film Critics Association">Los Angeles Film Critics Association</a> voted Raging Bull the best film of 1980 and De Niro best actor. The <a href="/wiki/National_Board_of_Review" title="National Board of Review">National Board of Review</a> also voted De Niro best actor and Pesci best supporting actor. The <a href="/wiki/Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="Berlin International Film Festival">Berlin International Film Festival</a> chose Raging Bull to open the festival in 1981.<a href="#cite_note-Evans_pp124-129-37">[37]</a> The 2012 <a href="/wiki/Parajanov-Vartanov_Institute" title="Parajanov-Vartanov Institute">Parajanov-Vartanov Institute</a> Award honored screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Mardik_Martin" title="Mardik Martin">Mardik Martin</a> "for the mastery of his pen on iconic American films" Mean Streets and Raging Bull.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> By the end of the 1980s, Raging Bull had cemented its reputation as a <a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">modern classic</a>. It was voted the best film of the 1980s in numerous critics' polls and is regularly pointed to as both Scorsese's best film and one of the finest American films ever made.<a href="#cite_note-Walker_p.561-46">[46]</a> Several prominent critics, among them <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a>, declared the film to be an instant classic and the consummation of Scorsese's earlier promise. Ebert proclaimed it the best film of the 1980s,<a href="#cite_note-Chicago_Sun-Times-47">[47]</a> and one of the ten greatest films of all time.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The film has been deemed "culturally, historically, and aesthetically significant" by the United States <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> and was selected for preservation in the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> in 1990.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Raging Bull was listed by <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine as one of the <a href="/wiki/Time%27s_All-TIME_100_Movies" class="mw-redirect" title="Time's All-TIME 100 Movies">All-TIME 100 Movies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a> magazine ranked the film number 39 on their list of the 50 greatest movies.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Raging Bull was fifth on <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>'s list of the 100 Greatest Movies of All Time.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> The film tied with <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_Thieves" title="Bicycle Thieves">The Bicycle Thieves</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vertigo_(film)" title="Vertigo (film)">Vertigo</a> at number 6 on <a href="/wiki/Sight_%26_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Sight & Sound">Sight & Sound</a>'s 2002 poll of the greatest movies ever.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> When Sight & Sound's directors' and critics' lists from that year are combined, Raging Bull gets the most votes of any movie that has been produced since 1975.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In 2002, <a href="/wiki/Film4" title="Film4">Film4</a> held a poll of the 100 Greatest Movies, on which Raging Bull was voted in at number 20.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <a href="/wiki/Halliwell%27s_Film_Guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Halliwell's Film Guide">Halliwell's Film Guide</a>, a British film guide, placed Raging Bull seventh in a poll naming their selection for the "Top 1,000 Movies".<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> <a href="/wiki/TV_Guide" title="TV Guide">TV Guide</a> also included the film on their list of the 50 best movies.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <a href="/wiki/Movieline" title="Movieline">Movieline</a> magazine included the film on its list of the 100 best movies.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Maltin" title="Leonard Maltin">Leonard Maltin</a> included Raging Bull on his 100 Must-See Films of the 20th Century list.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Video Detective also included the film on its list of the top 100 movies of all time.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> named "Robert De Niro's transformation from sleek boxer to paunchy nightclub owner in Raging Bull" as one of the 100 Greatest Movie Moments.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> The <a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics" title="National Society of Film Critics">National Society of Film Critics</a> ranked it #75 on their 100 Essential Films list.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> magazine ranked it #6 on their list of the 100 Maverick Movies in the Last 100 Years.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> A 1997 readers poll conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Daily_News" title="Los Angeles Daily News">L.A. Daily News</a> ranked the film #64 on a list of the greatest American movies.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America" title="Writers Guild of America">Writers Guild of America</a> named the film as the 76th best screenplay of all time.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Raging Bull is #7 on <a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(magazine)" title="Time Out (magazine)">Time Out Film Guide's</a> "Centenary Top 100" list,<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> and it also tied at #16 (with <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Arabia_(film)" title="Lawrence of Arabia (film)">Lawrence of Arabia</a>) on their 1998 readers poll.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In 2008, <a href="/wiki/Empire_(film_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Empire (film magazine)">Empire</a> magazine held a poll of The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time, taking votes from 10,000 readers, 150 film makers, and 50 film critics in which Raging Bull was placed at number 11.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> It was also placed on a similar list of 1000 movies by <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Total_Film" title="Total Film">Total Film</a> selected the film as one of The 100 Greatest Movies of All Time.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <a href="/wiki/Filmsite.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Filmsite.org">FilmSite.org</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">subsidiary</a> of <a href="/wiki/American_Movie_Classics" class="mw-redirect" title="American Movie Classics">American Movie Classics</a>, placed Raging Bull on their list of the 100 greatest movies.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Additionally, Films101.com ranked the film as the 17th best movie of all time in a list of the 10,790 most notable.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> In 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_Editors_Guild" title="Motion Picture Editors Guild">Motion Picture Editors Guild</a> listed the film as the best-edited film of all time based on a survey of its membership.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/The_Sight_%26_Sound_Greatest_Films_of_All_Time_2012" title="The Sight & Sound Greatest Films of All Time 2012">2012 Sight & Sound polls</a>, it was ranked the 53rd-greatest film ever made in the critics' poll<a href="#cite_note-bfi-75">[75]</a> and 12th in the directors' poll.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Contemporaries of Scorsese, like <a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a>, have included it routinely in their lists for favorite films of all time. In 2015, Raging Bull ranked 29th on <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s "100 Greatest American Films" list, voted on by film critics from around the world.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="American_Film_Institute_recognition">American Film Institute recognition</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: American Film Institute recognition">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years..._100_Movies" class="mw-redirect" title="AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies">AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies</a>: #24<a href="#cite_note-AFImovies-78">[78]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years..._100_Thrills" class="mw-redirect" title="AFI's 100 Years... 100 Thrills">AFI's 100 Years... 100 Thrills</a>: #51<a href="#cite_note-AFIthrills-79">[79]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_100_Years..._100_Movies_(10th_Anniversary_Edition)" class="mw-redirect" title="AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)">AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)</a>: #4<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFI%27s_10_Top_10" title="AFI's 10 Top 10">AFI's 10 Top 10</a>: #1 Sports<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Soundtrack">Soundtrack</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Soundtrack">edit</a>]</div> Martin Scorsese decided to assemble a soundtrack made of music that was popular at the time using his personal collection of <a href="/wiki/78s" class="mw-redirect" title="78s">78s</a>. With the help of <a href="/wiki/Robbie_Robertson" title="Robbie Robertson">Robbie Robertson</a>, the songs were carefully chosen so they would be the ones that a person would hear on the radio, at the pool or in bars and clubs which reflected the mood of that particular era.<a href="#cite_note-Thompson_p83-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-Evans_p88-83">[83]</a> Some lyrics from songs would also be slipped into some dialogue. The <a href="/wiki/Intermezzo" title="Intermezzo">Intermezzo</a> from <a href="/wiki/Cavalleria_rusticana" title="Cavalleria rusticana">Cavalleria rusticana</a> by Italian composer <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Mascagni" title="Pietro Mascagni">Pietro Mascagni</a> would serve as the main theme to Raging Bull after a successful try-out by Scorsese and the editor, <a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a>, over the film's opening titles.<a href="#cite_note-Evans_p88-83">[83]</a> Two other Mascagni pieces were used in the film: the <a href="/wiki/Barcarolle" title="Barcarolle">Barcarolle</a> from <a href="/wiki/Silvano_(opera)" title="Silvano (opera)">Silvano</a>, and the Intermezzo (Ratcliff's Dream) from <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Ratcliff" title="Guglielmo Ratcliff">Guglielmo Ratcliff</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> A two-CD soundtrack was released in 2005, long after the film was released, because of earlier difficulties obtaining rights for many of the songs, which Scorsese selected from his childhood memories growing up in New York. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispute_over_sequel">Dispute over sequel</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Dispute over sequel">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx_Bull" title="The Bronx Bull">The Bronx Bull</a></div> In 2006, <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a> reported that <a href="/wiki/Sunset_Pictures" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunset Pictures">Sunset Pictures</a> was developing a combination sequel and prequel film entitled Raging Bull II: Continuing the Story of Jake LaMotta, chronicling LaMotta's life before and after the events of the original film, as told in the memoir of the same name.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Filming began on June 15, 2012, with <a href="/wiki/William_Forsythe_(actor)" title="William Forsythe (actor)">William Forsythe</a> as the older LaMotta and <a href="/wiki/Mojean_Aria" title="Mojean Aria">Mojean Aria</a> as the younger version (before the events of the first film).<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> The film, directed by Martin Guigui, also stars <a href="/wiki/Joe_Mantegna" title="Joe Mantegna">Joe Mantegna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Sizemore" title="Tom Sizemore">Tom Sizemore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Penelope_Ann_Miller" title="Penelope Ann Miller">Penelope Ann Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Henstridge" title="Natasha Henstridge">Natasha Henstridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alicia_Witt" title="Alicia Witt">Alicia Witt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Wise" title="Ray Wise">Ray Wise</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Hamlin" title="Harry Hamlin">Harry Hamlin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/James_Russo" title="James Russo">James Russo</a> as <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Graziano" title="Rocky Graziano">Rocky Graziano</a>.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> In July 2012, <a href="/wiki/MGM" class="mw-redirect" title="MGM">MGM</a>, owners of United Artists, filed a lawsuit against LaMotta and the producers of the new film to block it from being released. MGM argued that they had the rights to make any authorized sequel to the original book, tracing their claim back to an agreement LaMotta and co-author Peter Savage made with Chartoff-Winkler, producers of the original film. MGM argued that the defendants were publicly claiming the film to be a sequel to the original film, which they said could "tarnish" the original film's reputation.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> In August 2012, the suit was settled, with producers of the new film retitling it <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx_Bull" title="The Bronx Bull">The Bronx Bull</a> and agreeing not to market it as a sequel to Raging Bull.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> The film was released in 2016. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_boxing_films" title="List of boxing films">List of boxing films</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Film/54882-RAGING-BULL?sid=d4cca40c-4e7e-41db-a8d3-27936046f525&sr=37.20014&cp=1&pos=0">"Raging Bull"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a>. 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February 12, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569,1953094,00.html">the original</a> on June 28, 2011. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weblogs.variety.com/thompsononhollywood/2009/07/lists-50-best-movies-of-all-time-again.html">the original</a> on September 15, 2010. 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Published by <a href="/wiki/AMC_(TV_channel)" title="AMC (TV channel)">AMC FilmSite.org</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140331185517/http://www.filmsite.org/ew100.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2014. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cinemacom.com/2002-sight-sound.html#list">the original</a> on July 19, 2011. 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Retrieved August 15, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TV+Guide&rft.atitle=50+Greatest+Movies+%28on+TV+and+Video%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmsite.org%2Ftvguide.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaging+Bull" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmsite.org/movieline.html">The 100 Best Movies Ever Made.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170813220914/http://www.filmsite.org/movieline.html">Archived</a> August 13, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/Movieline" title="Movieline">Movieline</a>, published by <a href="/wiki/AMC_(TV_channel)" title="AMC (TV channel)">AMC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Filmsite.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Filmsite.org">Filmsite</a>. 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Retrieved July 5, 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> Patten, Dominic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2012/08/mgm-raging-bull-ii-lawsuit-jake-lamotta-the-bronx-bull-martin-scorsese-robert-deniro-311640/">"MGM Settles 'Raging Bull II' Lawsuit With Movie Name Change"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://deadline.com/2012/08/mgm-raging-bull-ii-lawsuit-jake-lamotta-the-bronx-bull-martin-scorsese-robert-deniro-311640/">[2]</a> Deadline Hollywood (August 1, 2012). Retrieved on August 2, 2012. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaxter2006" class="citation book cs1">Baxter, John (2006) [2002]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/denirobiography0000baxt_r5v0">De Niro: A Biography</a>. London: HarperCollins Entertainment. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-653230-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-00-653230-9"><bdi>978-0-00-653230-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/53460849">53460849</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=De+Niro%3A+A+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=HarperCollins+Entertainment&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F53460849&rft.isbn=978-0-00-653230-9&rft.aulast=Baxter&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdenirobiography0000baxt_r5v0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaging+Bull" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiskind1998" class="citation book cs1">Biskind, Peter (1998). <a href="/wiki/Easy_Riders,_Raging_Bulls" title="Easy Riders, Raging Bulls">Easy Riders, Raging Bulls</a>. New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-80996-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-80996-6"><bdi>0-684-80996-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Easy+Riders%2C+Raging+Bulls&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-684-80996-6&rft.aulast=Biskind&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaging+Bull" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2006" class="citation book cs1">Evans, Mike (2006). The Making of Raging Bull. London: Unanimous Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-903318-83-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-903318-83-1"><bdi>1-903318-83-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+Raging+Bull&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Unanimous+Ltd&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-903318-83-1&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Mike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaging+Bull" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScorsese1996" class="citation book cs1">Scorsese, Martin (1996). Thompson, Christie; David, Ian (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/scorseseonscorse0000scor">Scorsese on Scorsese</a>. London: Faber & Faber. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-571-17827-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-571-17827-8"><bdi>978-0-571-17827-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/35599754">35599754</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scorsese+on+Scorsese&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Faber+%26+Faber&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F35599754&rft.isbn=978-0-571-17827-8&rft.aulast=Scorsese&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fscorseseonscorse0000scor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaging+Bull" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Raging_Bull&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Raging_Bull" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Raging Bull">Raging Bull</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernard2002" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jami_Bernard" title="Jami Bernard">Bernard, Jami</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/static/programs/national-film-preservation-board/documents/raging_bull.pdf">"Raging Bull"</a> (PDF). The A List: The National Society of Film Critics' 100 Essential Films.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A+List%3A+The+National+Society+of+Film+Critics%27+100+Essential+Films&rft.atitle=Raging+Bull&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Bernard&rft.aufirst=Jami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fstatic%2Fprograms%2Fnational-film-preservation-board%2Fdocuments%2Fraging_bull.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARaging+Bull" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0081398/">Raging Bull</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/54882">Raging Bull</a> at the <a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/19525/enwp">Raging Bull</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmsite.org/ragi.html">Raging Bull</a> at <a href="/wiki/Filmsite.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Filmsite.org">FilmSite.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=ragingbull.htm">Raging Bull</a> at <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/raging_bull">Raging Bull</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/movie/raging-bull">Raging Bull</a> at <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220780#P1712" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v40104">Raging Bull</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/7869-raging-bull-american-minotaur">Raging Bull: American Minotaur</a> an essay by <a href="/wiki/Robin_Robertson" title="Robin Robertson">Robin Robertson</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Criterion_Collection" title="The Criterion Collection">The Criterion Collection</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/7867-raging-bull-never-got-me-down">Raging Bull: Never Got Me Down</a> an essay by <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Kenny" title="Glenn Kenny">Glenn Kenny</a> at The Criterion Collection</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=deq3xI8OmCkC">Raging Bull</a> essay by Daniel Eagan in America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a>, A&C Black, 2010 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Martin_Scorsese" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Martin_Scorsese" title="Template:Martin Scorsese"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Martin_Scorsese" title="Template talk:Martin Scorsese"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Martin_Scorsese" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Martin Scorsese"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Martin_Scorsese" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Martin_Scorsese" title="List of awards and nominations received by Martin Scorsese">Awards and nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese_filmography" title="Martin Scorsese filmography">Filmography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese_bibliography" title="Martin Scorsese bibliography">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese%27s_unrealized_projects" title="Martin Scorsese's unrealized projects">Unrealized projects</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Narrative feature films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Who%27s_That_Knocking_at_My_Door" title="Who's That Knocking at My Door">Who's That Knocking at My Door</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxcar_Bertha" title="Boxcar Bertha">Boxcar Bertha</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mean_Streets" title="Mean Streets">Mean Streets</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Doesn%27t_Live_Here_Anymore" title="Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore">Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver" title="Taxi Driver">Taxi Driver</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York,_New_York_(1977_film)" title="New York, New York (1977 film)">New York, New York</a> (1977)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raging Bull</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King_of_Comedy_(film)" title="The King of Comedy (film)">The King of Comedy</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/After_Hours_(film)" title="After Hours (film)">After Hours</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Color_of_Money" title="The Color of Money">The Color of Money</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Temptation_of_Christ_(film)" title="The Last Temptation of Christ (film)">The Last Temptation of Christ</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodfellas" title="Goodfellas">Goodfellas</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Fear_(1991_film)" title="Cape Fear (1991 film)">Cape Fear</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Age_of_Innocence_(1993_film)" title="The Age of Innocence (1993 film)">The Age of Innocence</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casino_(1995_film)" title="Casino (1995 film)">Casino</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundun" title="Kundun">Kundun</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bringing_Out_the_Dead" title="Bringing Out the Dead">Bringing Out the Dead</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangs_of_New_York" title="Gangs of New York">Gangs of New York</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Aviator_(2004_film)" title="The Aviator (2004 film)">The Aviator</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Departed" title="The Departed">The Departed</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shutter_Island_(film)" title="Shutter Island (film)">Shutter Island</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_(film)" title="Hugo (film)">Hugo</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wolf_of_Wall_Street_(2013_film)" title="The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)">The Wolf of Wall Street</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silence_(2016_film)" title="Silence (2016 film)">Silence</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Irishman" title="The Irishman">The Irishman</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killers_of_the_Flower_Moon_(film)" title="Killers of the Flower Moon (film)">Killers of the Flower Moon</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/What%27s_a_Nice_Girl_like_You_Doing_in_a_Place_like_This%3F" title="What's a Nice Girl like You Doing in a Place like This?">What's a Nice Girl like You Doing in a Place like This?</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%27s_Not_Just_You,_Murray!" title="It's Not Just You, Murray!">It's Not Just You, Murray!</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Shave" title="The Big Shave">The Big Shave</a> (1967)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bad_(Michael_Jackson_song)" title="Bad (Michael Jackson song)">Bad</a>" (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Stories" title="New York Stories">New York Stories</a> (segment "Life Lessons", 1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Made_in_Milan" title="Made in Milan">Made in Milan</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Key_to_Reserva" title="The Key to Reserva">The Key to Reserva</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Audition_(2015_film)" title="The Audition (2015 film)">The Audition</a> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Produced only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Grifters_(film)" title="The Grifters (film)">The Grifters</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mad_Dog_and_Glory" title="Mad Dog and Glory">Mad Dog and Glory</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clockers_(film)" title="Clockers (film)">Clockers</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hi-Lo_Country" title="The Hi-Lo Country">The Hi-Lo Country</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Victoria" title="The Young Victoria">The Young Victoria</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maestro_(2023_film)" title="Maestro (2023 film)">Maestro</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die,_My_Love" title="Die, My Love">Die, My Love</a> (TBA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Boardwalk_Empire_(Boardwalk_Empire_episode)" title="Boardwalk Empire (Boardwalk Empire episode)">Boardwalk Empire</a>" (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinyl_(TV_series)" title="Vinyl (TV series)">Vinyl</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pretend_It%27s_a_City" title="Pretend It's a City">Pretend It's a City</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese_Presents:_The_Saints" title="Martin Scorsese Presents: The Saints">Martin Scorsese Presents: The Saints</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Afternoon_with_SCTV" title="An Afternoon with SCTV">An Afternoon with SCTV</a> (TBA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Documentaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_Scenes_1970" title="Street Scenes 1970">Street Scenes 1970</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italianamerican" title="Italianamerican">Italianamerican</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Boy:_A_Profile_of_Steven_Prince" title="American Boy: A Profile of Steven Prince">American Boy: A Profile of Steven Prince</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Waltz" title="The Last Waltz">The Last Waltz</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Personal_Journey_with_Martin_Scorsese_Through_American_Movies" title="A Personal Journey with Martin Scorsese Through American Movies">A Personal Journey with Martin Scorsese Through American Movies</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Voyage_to_Italy" title="My Voyage to Italy">My Voyage to Italy</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Blues_(film_series)" title="The Blues (film series)">The Blues: Feel Like Going Home</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Direction_Home" title="No Direction Home">No Direction Home</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shine_a_Light_(film)" title="Shine a Light (film)">Shine a Light</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Letter_to_Elia" title="A Letter to Elia">A Letter to Elia</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Speaking_(film)" title="Public Speaking (film)">Public Speaking</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison:_Living_in_the_Material_World" title="George Harrison: Living in the Material World">George Harrison: Living in the Material World</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_50_Year_Argument" title="The 50 Year Argument">The 50 Year Argument</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Thunder_Revue:_A_Bob_Dylan_Story_by_Martin_Scorsese" title="Rolling Thunder Revue: A Bob Dylan Story by Martin Scorsese">Rolling Thunder Revue: A Bob Dylan Story by Martin Scorsese</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Collaborations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese_and_Robert_De_Niro" title="Martin Scorsese and Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese_and_Leonardo_DiCaprio" title="Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio">Leonardo DiCaprio</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikelia_Productions" title="Sikelia Productions">Sikelia Productions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goncharov_(meme)" title="Goncharov (meme)">Goncharov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Films_by_Paul_Schrader" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Paul_Schrader" title="Template:Paul Schrader"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Paul_Schrader" title="Template talk:Paul Schrader"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Paul_Schrader" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Paul Schrader"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_by_Paul_Schrader" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Written and directed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Collar_(film)" title="Blue Collar (film)">Blue Collar</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_(1979_film)" title="Hardcore (1979 film)">Hardcore</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Gigolo" title="American Gigolo">American Gigolo</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_People_(1982_film)" title="Cat People (1982 film)">Cat People</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishima:_A_Life_in_Four_Chapters" title="Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters">Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_of_Day" title="Light of Day">Light of Day</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_Sleeper" title="Light Sleeper">Light Sleeper</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch_(1997_film)" title="Touch (1997 film)">Touch</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Affliction_(1997_film)" title="Affliction (1997 film)">Affliction</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forever_Mine" title="Forever Mine">Forever Mine</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Walker" title="The Walker">The Walker</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dying_of_the_Light_(film)" title="Dying of the Light (film)">Dying of the Light</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Reformed" title="First Reformed">First Reformed</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Card_Counter" title="The Card Counter">The Card Counter</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Gardener_(film)" title="Master Gardener (film)">Master Gardener</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh,_Canada_(film)" title="Oh, Canada (film)">Oh, Canada</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Directed only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patty_Hearst_(film)" title="Patty Hearst (film)">Patty Hearst</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Comfort_of_Strangers_(film)" title="The Comfort of Strangers (film)">The Comfort of Strangers</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witch_Hunt_(1994_film)" title="Witch Hunt (1994 film)">Witch Hunt</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_Focus" title="Auto Focus">Auto Focus</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion:_Prequel_to_the_Exorcist" title="Dominion: Prequel to the Exorcist">Dominion: Prequel to the Exorcist</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Resurrected" title="Adam Resurrected">Adam Resurrected</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Canyons_(film)" title="The Canyons (film)"> The Canyons</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_Eat_Dog_(2016_film)" title="Dog Eat Dog (2016 film)">Dog Eat Dog</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Written only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Yakuza" title="The Yakuza">The Yakuza</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver" title="Taxi Driver">Taxi Driver</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obsession_(1976_film)" title="Obsession (1976 film)">Obsession</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Thunder_(film)" title="Rolling Thunder (film)">Rolling Thunder</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Boyfriends" title="Old Boyfriends">Old Boyfriends</a> (1979)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raging Bull</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mosquito_Coast_(film)" title="The Mosquito Coast (film)">The Mosquito Coast</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Temptation_of_Christ_(film)" title="The Last Temptation of Christ (film)">The Last Temptation of Christ</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Hall_(1996_film)" title="City Hall (1996 film)">City Hall</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bringing_Out_the_Dead" title="Bringing Out the Dead">Bringing Out the Dead</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/There_Are_No_Saints" title="There Are No Saints">There Are No Saints</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Raging_Bull" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Raging_Bull" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Raging Bull</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Film" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #40E0D0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Template:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Template talk:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Film">Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raging Bull</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixote" title="Pixote">Pixote</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Night_of_the_Shooting_Stars" title="The Night of the Shooting Stars">The Night of the Shooting Stars</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Killing_Fields_(film)" title="The Killing Fields (film)">The Killing Fields</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ran_(film)" title="Ran (film)">Ran</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Velvet_(film)" title="Blue Velvet (film)">Blue Velvet</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_and_Glory_(film)" title="Hope and Glory (film)">Hope and Glory</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Durham" title="Bull Durham">Bull Durham</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_and_Misdemeanors" title="Crimes and Misdemeanors">Crimes and Misdemeanors</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodfellas" title="Goodfellas">Goodfellas</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Silence_of_the_Lambs_(film)" title="The Silence of the Lambs (film)">The Silence of the Lambs</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unforgiven" title="Unforgiven">Unforgiven</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_List" title="Schindler's List">Schindler's List</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_Fiction" title="Pulp Fiction">Pulp Fiction</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sense_and_Sensibility_(film)" title="Sense and Sensibility (film)">Sense and Sensibility</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trainspotting_(film)" title="Trainspotting (film)">Trainspotting</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L.A._Confidential_(film)" title="L.A. Confidential (film)">L.A. Confidential</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out_of_Sight" title="Out of Sight">Out of Sight</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Kings_(1999_film)" title="Three Kings (1999 film)">Three Kings</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almost_Famous" title="Almost Famous">Almost Famous</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulholland_Drive_(film)" title="Mulholland Drive (film)">Mulholland Drive</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pianist_(2002_film)" title="The Pianist (2002 film)">The Pianist</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystic_River_(film)" title="Mystic River (film)">Mystic River</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sideways" title="Sideways">Sideways</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brokeback_Mountain" title="Brokeback Mountain">Brokeback Mountain</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Departed" title="The Departed">The Departed</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Country_for_Old_Men" title="No Country for Old Men">No Country for Old Men</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WALL-E" title="WALL-E">WALL-E</a> / <a href="/wiki/Slumdog_Millionaire" title="Slumdog Millionaire">Slumdog Millionaire</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hurt_Locker" title="The Hurt Locker">The Hurt Locker</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Social_Network" title="The Social Network">The Social Network</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Artist_(film)" title="The Artist (film)">The Artist</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_Dark_Thirty" title="Zero Dark Thirty">Zero Dark Thirty</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_Years_a_Slave_(film)" title="12 Years a Slave (film)">12 Years a Slave</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyhood_(2014_film)" title="Boyhood (2014 film)">Boyhood</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(film)" title="Spotlight (film)">Spotlight</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_La_Land" title="La La Land">La La Land</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phantom_Thread" title="Phantom Thread">Phantom Thread</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/If_Beale_Street_Could_Talk_(film)" title="If Beale Street Could Talk (film)">If Beale Street Could Talk</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Women_(2019_film)" title="Little Women (2019 film)">Little Women</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomadland" title="Nomadland">Nomadland</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drive_My_Car_(film)" title="Drive My Car (film)">Drive My Car</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_to_Seoul" title="Return to Seoul">Return to Seoul</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holdovers" title="The Holdovers">The Holdovers</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Film" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Template:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Template talk:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Film" title="Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Film">Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1975–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dog_Day_Afternoon" title="Dog Day Afternoon">Dog Day Afternoon</a> / <a href="/wiki/One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoo%27s_Nest_(film)" title="One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (film)">One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_(1976_film)" title="Network (1976 film)">Network</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rocky" title="Rocky">Rocky</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming_Home_(1978_film)" title="Coming Home (1978 film)">Coming Home</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kramer_vs._Kramer" title="Kramer vs. Kramer">Kramer vs. Kramer</a> (1979)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Raging Bull</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_City_(1980_film)" title="Atlantic City (1980 film)">Atlantic City</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terms_of_Endearment" title="Terms of Endearment">Terms of Endearment</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeus_(film)" title="Amadeus (film)">Amadeus</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil_(1985_film)" title="Brazil (1985 film)">Brazil</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_and_Her_Sisters" title="Hannah and Her Sisters">Hannah and Her Sisters</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_and_Glory_(film)" title="Hope and Glory (film)">Hope and Glory</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Dorrit_(1987_film)" title="Little Dorrit (1987 film)">Little Dorrit</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do_the_Right_Thing" title="Do the Right Thing">Do the Right Thing</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodfellas" title="Goodfellas">Goodfellas</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugsy" title="Bugsy">Bugsy</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unforgiven" title="Unforgiven">Unforgiven</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schindler%27s_List" title="Schindler's List">Schindler's List</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_Fiction" title="Pulp Fiction">Pulp Fiction</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leaving_Las_Vegas" title="Leaving Las Vegas">Leaving Las Vegas</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secrets_%26_Lies_(film)" title="Secrets & Lies (film)">Secrets & Lies</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L.A._Confidential_(film)" title="L.A. Confidential (film)">L.A. Confidential</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saving_Private_Ryan" title="Saving Private Ryan">Saving Private Ryan</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Insider_(film)" title="The Insider (film)">The Insider</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crouching_Tiger,_Hidden_Dragon" title="Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon">Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Bedroom" title="In the Bedroom">In the Bedroom</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/About_Schmidt" title="About Schmidt">About Schmidt</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Splendor_(film)" title="American Splendor (film)">American Splendor</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sideways" title="Sideways">Sideways</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brokeback_Mountain" title="Brokeback Mountain">Brokeback Mountain</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letters_from_Iwo_Jima" title="Letters from Iwo Jima">Letters from Iwo Jima</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/There_Will_Be_Blood" title="There Will Be Blood">There Will Be Blood</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WALL-E" title="WALL-E">WALL-E</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hurt_Locker" title="The Hurt Locker">The Hurt Locker</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Social_Network" title="The Social Network">The Social Network</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Descendants" title="The Descendants">The Descendants</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amour_(2012_film)" title="Amour (2012 film)">Amour</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_(2013_film)" title="Gravity (2013 film)">Gravity</a> / <a href="/wiki/Her_(film)" title="Her (film)">Her</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyhood_(2014_film)" title="Boyhood (2014 film)">Boyhood</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(film)" title="Spotlight (film)">Spotlight</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonlight_(2016_film)" title="Moonlight (2016 film)">Moonlight</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_Me_by_Your_Name_(film)" title="Call Me by Your Name (film)">Call Me by Your Name</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma_(2018_film)" title="Roma (2018 film)">Roma</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasite_(2019_film)" title="Parasite (2019 film)">Parasite</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Axe_(anthology)" title="Small Axe (anthology)">Small Axe</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drive_My_Car_(film)" title="Drive My Car (film)">Drive My Car</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_Everywhere_All_at_Once" title="Everything Everywhere All at Once">Everything Everywhere All at Once</a> / <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1r" title="Tár">Tár</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Zone_of_Interest_(film)" title="The Zone of Interest (film)">The Zone of Interest</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220780#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220780#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" 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0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316751624">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4846504-5">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n94020760">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15039051j">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15039051j">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90948779">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007504082105171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058515654406706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/088009130">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/File:Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/17px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/26px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg/34px-Rubik%27s_cube_v3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="530" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:1980s" title="Portal:1980s">1980s</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/21px-Sports_icon.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/32px-Sports_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/42px-Sports_icon.png 2x" 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