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(1937-65)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258442903">.mw-parser-output .infobox-airline-codes{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#dadde3);color:var(--color-base,#202122);font-weight:bold;line-height:1}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Trans-Canada Air Lines</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:L-10A_Electra_at_WCAM.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/L-10A_Electra_at_WCAM.JPG/220px-L-10A_Electra_at_WCAM.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/L-10A_Electra_at_WCAM.JPG/330px-L-10A_Electra_at_WCAM.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/L-10A_Electra_at_WCAM.JPG/440px-L-10A_Electra_at_WCAM.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1712" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Lockheed Electra 10A "CF-TCC" in Trans-Canada Air Lines livery at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Canada_Aviation_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Canada Aviation Museum">Western Canada Aviation Museum</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">10 April 1937<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1937-4-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commenced operations</th><td class="infobox-data">1 September 1937<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1937-09-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ceased operations</th><td class="infobox-data">1 January 1965<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1965-1-1</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operating bases</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Canadian Government Trans-Atlantic Air Service</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fleet size</th><td class="infobox-data">123</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Holding_company#Parent_company" title="Holding company">Parent company</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">Canadian National Railway</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-HQinfo_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HQinfo-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key people</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_McGregor_(businessman,_born_1901)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordon McGregor (businessman, born 1901)">Gordon McGregor</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: var( --background-color-interactive-subtle--active, #dadde3 );">Notes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align: left;"> Renamed <a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a> in 1965 by an Act of Parliament</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Trans-Canada Air Lines</b> (also known as <b>TCA</b> in English, and <b>Trans-Canada</b> in French) was a Canadian <a href="/wiki/Airline" title="Airline">airline</a> that operated as the country's <a href="/wiki/Flag_carrier" title="Flag carrier">flag carrier</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-mcgrath_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcgrath-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with corporate headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HQinfo_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HQinfo-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its first president was <a href="/wiki/Gordon_McGregor_(businessman,_born_1901)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordon McGregor (businessman, born 1901)">Gordon Roy McGregor</a>. Founded in 1937,<sup id="cite_ref-CBCHist_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBCHist-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aircanadatimeline_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aircanadatimeline-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it was renamed <a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a> in 1965. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With heavy involvement from <a href="/wiki/C._D._Howe" title="C. D. Howe">C. D. Howe</a>, a senior minister in the <a href="/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King" title="William Lyon Mackenzie King">Mackenzie King</a> cabinet, TCA was created by the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Corporation">Crown Corporation</a> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">Canadian National Railway</a> (CNR), and launched its first flight on 1 September 1937, on a flight between <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>. An air-mail contract with <a href="/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post">Royal Mail Canada</a> was one of the methods by which TCA was financed.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Lockheed_14.jpg/220px-Lockheed_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Lockheed_14.jpg/330px-Lockheed_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Lockheed_14.jpg/440px-Lockheed_14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="301" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_14" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed Model 14">Lockheed Model 14</a> of Trans-Canada Air Lines, c. 1938</figcaption></figure> <p>The creation of TCA was partly by CNR management who wanted to expand the company into the new field of passenger aviation, and was partly by government direction. Prior to TCA, no large national airline existed in Canada. With war looming, and other nations (primarily the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a>) experiencing major increases in the creation of passenger airlines, it was necessary to have a presence. The CNR was the country's largest corporation at the time and proved an effective vehicle for the government to create a national airline. </p><p>TCA was also in direct competition with passenger trains operated by parent CNR, and contributed to the decline of passenger rail service as Canada entered the pioneering years of air travel. In response to CNR's creation of TCA, arch-rival <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway" title="Canadian Pacific Railway">Canadian Pacific Railway</a> created <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Canadian Pacific Air Lines</a> in 1942. </p><p>Between 1943 and 1947, TCA operated the <b>Canadian Government Trans-Atlantic Air Service</b> (CGTAS) to provide trans-Atlantic military passenger and postal delivery service using <a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancastrian" title="Avro Lancastrian">Avro Lancastrian</a> (modified <a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">Avro Lancaster</a>) aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The record crossing was completed non-stop in 12:26 hours; the average was about 13:25 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CGTAS ushered in the era of commercial air travel across the North Atlantic.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the war, the Lancastrians became part of TCA and carried paying civilian passengers until they were replaced by <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-4" title="Douglas DC-4">Douglas DC-4s</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar">Postwar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Postwar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wedding._Yvette_Villebon_BAnQ_P48S1P14609.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Wedding._Yvette_Villebon_BAnQ_P48S1P14609.jpg/220px-Wedding._Yvette_Villebon_BAnQ_P48S1P14609.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Wedding._Yvette_Villebon_BAnQ_P48S1P14609.jpg/330px-Wedding._Yvette_Villebon_BAnQ_P48S1P14609.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Wedding._Yvette_Villebon_BAnQ_P48S1P14609.jpg/440px-Wedding._Yvette_Villebon_BAnQ_P48S1P14609.jpg 2x" data-file-width="713" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Newlyweds leaving for their honeymoon boarding a Trans-Canada Air Lines' plane, Montreal, 1946</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg/220px-Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg/330px-Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg/440px-Trans_Canada_Airlines_North_Star_Heathrow_1951.jpg 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="352" /></a><figcaption>Trans-Canada Air Lines Canadair North Star at London Heathrow in 1951</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lockheed_L1049C_CF-TGC_TCA_LAP_12.09.54_edited-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lockheed_L1049C_CF-TGC_TCA_LAP_12.09.54_edited-2.jpg/220px-Lockheed_L1049C_CF-TGC_TCA_LAP_12.09.54_edited-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lockheed_L1049C_CF-TGC_TCA_LAP_12.09.54_edited-2.jpg/330px-Lockheed_L1049C_CF-TGC_TCA_LAP_12.09.54_edited-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lockheed_L1049C_CF-TGC_TCA_LAP_12.09.54_edited-2.jpg/440px-Lockheed_L1049C_CF-TGC_TCA_LAP_12.09.54_edited-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1033" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>Trans-Canada Air Lines Lockheed Super Constellation arriving at London (Heathrow) in 1954</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TCA-L749(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/TCA-L749%281%29.jpg/220px-TCA-L749%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/TCA-L749%281%29.jpg/330px-TCA-L749%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/TCA-L749%281%29.jpg/440px-TCA-L749%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Lockheed Super Constellation showing colour of TCA markings; 1956, Montreal</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Douglas_DC-8-42_CF-TJE_TCA_LAP_23.06.62_edited-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Douglas_DC-8-42_CF-TJE_TCA_LAP_23.06.62_edited-2.jpg/220px-Douglas_DC-8-42_CF-TJE_TCA_LAP_23.06.62_edited-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Douglas_DC-8-42_CF-TJE_TCA_LAP_23.06.62_edited-2.jpg/330px-Douglas_DC-8-42_CF-TJE_TCA_LAP_23.06.62_edited-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Douglas_DC-8-42_CF-TJE_TCA_LAP_23.06.62_edited-2.jpg/440px-Douglas_DC-8-42_CF-TJE_TCA_LAP_23.06.62_edited-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="930" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption>TCA <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-8" title="Douglas DC-8">Douglas DC-8</a> at <a href="/wiki/London_Heathrow_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Heathrow Airport">London Heathrow Airport</a> in 1962</figcaption></figure> <p>Starting in 1945, TCA acquired 30 twin-engined ex-military <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-3" title="Douglas DC-3">Douglas DC-3s</a> for use on Canadian internal services and some of these remained in service until 1963 on shorter routes. A fleet of <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Merlin" title="Rolls-Royce Merlin">Merlin</a>-powered <a href="/wiki/Canadair_North_Star" title="Canadair North Star">Canadair North Stars</a> was delivered from 1947 and these commenced services to several European countries, including the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and to cities in the U.S. The last of the North Stars was sold in 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Canada_Airbus_319_in_Trans_Canada_Airlines_colours.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Air_Canada_Airbus_319_in_Trans_Canada_Airlines_colours.JPG/250px-Air_Canada_Airbus_319_in_Trans_Canada_Airlines_colours.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Air_Canada_Airbus_319_in_Trans_Canada_Airlines_colours.JPG/330px-Air_Canada_Airbus_319_in_Trans_Canada_Airlines_colours.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Air_Canada_Airbus_319_in_Trans_Canada_Airlines_colours.JPG/500px-Air_Canada_Airbus_319_in_Trans_Canada_Airlines_colours.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Air Canada Airbus A319 (fin 264) painted in TCA colours for the 60th anniversary of the Airline, in 1997 (aircraft retired in 2020)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Canadair_North_Star" title="Canadair North Star">Canadair North Stars</a> were gradually replaced by longer range <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Constellation" title="Lockheed Constellation">Lockheed Super Constellations</a> from 1954 onwards, fourteen being operated on transatlantic routes extending as far as <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> in Austria; also to <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> and several <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> destinations including <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trinidad" title="Trinidad">Trinidad</a>. The last Super Constellations were disposed of in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large fleet of <a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a> <a href="/wiki/Turboprop" title="Turboprop">turboprop</a> airliners was built up from late 1954 and these were used on many intra-North American routes. The Viscount was followed by the larger <a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard">Vickers Vanguard</a> turboprop. TCA was the only airline in North America to operate the Vanguard in scheduled passenger service. </p><p>In 1953 with the development of <a href="/wiki/ReserVec" title="ReserVec">ReserVec</a> (originally called Gemini), TCA became the first airline in the world to use a <a href="/wiki/Computer_reservation_system" title="Computer reservation system">computer reservation system</a> with remote terminals.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The airline's Winnipeg maintenance shops and its first trial flight of the Viscount was documented in the 1955 film, <i><a href="/wiki/Routine_Flight" title="Routine Flight">Routine Flight</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The airline acquired a fleet of <a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-8" title="Douglas DC-8">Douglas DC-8</a> jet airliners powered by <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Conway" title="Rolls-Royce Conway">Rolls-Royce Conways</a>, the first being received on 25 May 1960. The DC-8 quickly replaced the slower Super Constellations on TCA's scheduled services to Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changes">Changes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Changes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1964, an <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Parliament">Act of Parliament</a> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a> changed the name of Trans-Canada Air Lines to "<a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a>", which was already in use as the airline's French-language name, effective 1 January 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1978, Air Canada was divested by parent CNR and became a separate Crown corporation. Air Canada was <a href="/wiki/Privatization" title="Privatization">privatized</a> in 1989. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corporate_affairs">Corporate affairs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Corporate affairs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The headquarters were in the International Aviation Building in Montreal.<sup id="cite_ref-HQinfo_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HQinfo-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Destinations">Destinations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Destinations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>TCA operated a network of 160 routes to destinations including: </p> <ul><li>St. John's, Newfoundland</li> <li>Stephenville, Newfoundland</li> <li>Gander, Newfoundland</li> <li>Halifax, Nova Scotia</li> <li>Sydney, Nova Scotia</li> <li>Fredericton, New Brunswick</li> <li>Victoria, British Columbia</li> <li>Vancouver, British Columbia</li> <li>Penticton, British Columbia</li> <li>Boston, Massachusetts</li> <li>New York City, New York</li> <li>Winnipeg, Manitoba</li> <li>Brandon, Manitoba</li> <li>Calgary, Alberta</li> <li>Chicago, Illinois</li> <li>Cleveland, Ohio</li> <li>Edmonton, Alberta</li> <li>Lethbridge, Alberta</li> <li>Montreal, Quebec</li> <li>Ottawa, Ontario</li> <li>London, Ontario</li> <li>Tampa, Florida</li> <li>Toronto, Ontario</li> <li>Detroit (Windsor)</li> <li>Seattle, Washington</li> <li>London, England</li> <li>Paris, France</li> <li>Prestwick, Scotland</li> <li>Shannon, Ireland</li> <li>Düsseldorf, Germany</li> <li>St. George's Parish, Bermuda</li> <li>Nassau, Bahamas</li> <li>Kingston, Jamaica</li> <li>Christ Church, Barbados</li> <li>Piarco, Trinidad</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fleet">Fleet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fleet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse"> <caption><b>Trans-Canada Air Lines fleet</b><sup id="cite_ref-fleet_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fleet-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#ADD8E6"> <th><span style="color:White;">Aircraft</span> </th> <th><span style="color:White;">In service</span> </th> <th><span style="color:White;">Passengers</span> </th> <th><span style="color:White;">Years in service</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>48 </td> <td>1955–1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Vanguard" title="Vickers Vanguard">Vickers Vanguard</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>108 </td> <td>1961–1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadair_North_Star" title="Canadair North Star">Canadair North Star</a> DC-4M-2 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>44 </td> <td>1946–1961 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-8" title="Douglas DC-8">Douglas DC-8</a>-40, 50 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>176 (economy), 124 (mixed) </td> <td>1960–1983 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_10_Electra" title="Lockheed Model 10 Electra">Lockheed 10A Electra</a> </td> <td>5 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>1937–1941 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1049_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation">Lockheed L-1049C/E/G/H Super Constellation</a> </td> <td>14 </td> <td>53-75 </td> <td>1954–1963 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Freighter" title="Bristol Freighter">Bristol Freighter</a> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>freight only; 2 crew </td> <td>1953–1955 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-3" title="Douglas DC-3">Douglas DC-3</a> </td> <td>27 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>1945–1963 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">Avro Lancaster</a> Mk III - for freight/mail service and priority passengers </td> <td>1 </td> <td>unknown </td> <td>1943 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancastrian" title="Avro Lancastrian">Avro Lancastrian</a> - for freight/mail service and priority passengers </td> <td>9 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>1943–1947 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Model_18_Lodestar" title="Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar">Lockheed 18-08 Lodestar</a> </td> <td>15 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>1941–1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Super_Electra" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed Super Electra">Lockheed Super Electra</a> 14H2 (14-08) </td> <td>16; 12 as 14-08 after conversion </td> <td>10 </td> <td>1938–1949 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boeing-Stearman_Model_75" title="Boeing-Stearman Model 75">Boeing-Stearman Model 75</a> - as trainer only </td> <td>3 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>1937–1939 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aircraft_on_display">Aircraft on display</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Aircraft on display"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One former TCA <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_L-1049_Super_Constellation" title="Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation">Lockheed L-1049G Super Constellation</a> (CF-TGE), has been preserved by <a href="/wiki/The_Museum_of_Flight" class="mw-redirect" title="The Museum of Flight">The Museum of Flight</a> in <a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>. It is currently on display at the museum's "Airpark" attraction.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A former TCA <a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a> (CF-THG) is on display at the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Aviation_Museum" title="British Columbia Aviation Museum">British Columbia Aviation Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sidney,_British_Columbia" title="Sidney, British Columbia">Sidney, British Columbia</a>. The aircraft has been completely refurbished by the museum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accidents_and_incidents">Accidents and incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Accidents and incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Trans-Canada Air Lines had 13 aircraft accidents resulting in hull losses, with a total of 248 fatalities, between 1938 and 1963. These included:<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Flight number </th> <th>Information </th></tr> <tr> <td>18 November 1938 </td> <td>Flight 1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_14" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed 14">Lockheed 14</a>H-2, Fin 34 CF-TCL was on a flight from <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg,_Manitoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg, Manitoba">Winnipeg, Manitoba</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Vancouver,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Vancouver, British Columbia">Vancouver, British Columbia</a>, with a load of mail. After a stop in <a href="/wiki/Regina,_Saskatchewan" title="Regina, Saskatchewan">Regina, Saskatchewan</a>, the aircraft crashed after takeoff, killing both pilots. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 February 1941 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_14" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed 14">Lockheed 14</a>H-2, Fin 38 CF-TCP was landing at <a href="/wiki/Armstrong,_Thunder_Bay_District,_Ontario" title="Armstrong, Thunder Bay District, Ontario">Armstrong, Thunder Bay District, Ontario</a>, during the night and crashed a mile short of the airport. A total of nine passengers and three crew were killed. </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 November 1943 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_18_Lodestar" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed 18 Lodestar">Lockheed 18 Lodestar</a>, Fin 46 CF-TCX lost power to both engines on takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Pearson_International_Airport" title="Toronto Pearson International Airport">Toronto-Malton Airport</a> and landed in a field. There were no injuries, but the aircraft was written off. </td></tr> <tr> <td>28/29 December 1944 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancastrian" title="Avro Lancastrian">Avro Lancastrian</a>, Fin 102 CF-CMU crashed into the sea off the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a> during a nighttime eastbound Atlantic crossing. There were no survivors. </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 February 1945 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_14" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed 14">Lockheed 14</a>H-2, Fin 28 CF-TCF written off at <a href="/wiki/Moncton,_New_Brunswick" class="mw-redirect" title="Moncton, New Brunswick">Moncton, New Brunswick</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 July 1945 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Avro_Lancaster" title="Avro Lancaster">Avro Lancaster</a>, Fin 100 CF-CMS crashed and burned at <a href="/wiki/Montr%C3%A9al-Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport">Montreal-Dorval International Airport</a> after a training flight. </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 September 1946 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_14" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed 14">Lockheed 14</a>H-2, Fin 32 CF-TCJ crashed at <a href="/wiki/Moncton,_New_Brunswick" class="mw-redirect" title="Moncton, New Brunswick">Moncton, New Brunswick</a>, during training, killing two pilots. </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 January 1947 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_14" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed 14">Lockheed 14</a>H-2, Fin 39 CF-TCQ crashed near <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg,_Manitoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg, Manitoba">Winnipeg, Manitoba</a>, killing two pilots. </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 April 1947 </td> <td>Flight 3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_18_Lodestar" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockheed 18 Lodestar">Lockheed 18 Lodestar</a>, Fin 53 CF-TDF disappeared in southwestern British Columbia with 15 people on board. The crash site was discovered 47 years later with no survivors, in September 1994, on <a href="/wiki/Mount_Elsay" title="Mount Elsay">Mount Elsay</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_Vancouver,_British_Columbia_(district_municipality)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Vancouver, British Columbia (district municipality)">North Vancouver, B.C</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 August 1948 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadair_North_Star" title="Canadair North Star">Canadair DC-4M-1 North Star</a>, Fin 185 CF-TEL crash-landed in flames short of the <a href="/wiki/Sydney,_Nova_Scotia" title="Sydney, Nova Scotia">Sydney, Nova Scotia</a>, runway. All 11 passengers plus crew escaped. </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 April 1954 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines_Flight_9" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 9">Flight 9</a> </td> <td>RCAF <a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">Harvard Mark II</a> #3309 <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines_Flight_9" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 9">collided in midair</a> with TCA <a href="/wiki/Canadair_North_Star" title="Canadair North Star">Canadair C-4 North Star</a>, Fin 223 CF-TFW over <a href="/wiki/Moose_Jaw,_Saskatchewan" class="mw-redirect" title="Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan">Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan</a>, killing 36 (Harvard: pilot, North Star: 31 passengers, four crew) people on the aircraft and one person on the ground. </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 December 1954 </td> <td>Flight 661<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Constellation" title="Lockheed Constellation">Lockheed 1049E Super Constellation</a>, Fin 407 CF-TGG undershot the runway while attempting to land at <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Pearson_International_Airport" title="Toronto Pearson International Airport">Toronto-Malton Airport</a> and crashed in <a href="/wiki/Brampton,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton, Ontario">Brampton</a> farmland, with all 16 passengers and seven crew surviving.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The captain of this flight later died in a <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Central_Airways_Flight_315" title="Maritime Central Airways Flight 315">crash in 1957</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 July 1956 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines_Flight_304" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 304">Flight 304</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a>, Fin 610 CF-TGR propeller separated from the turboprop over <a href="/wiki/Flat_Rock,_Michigan" title="Flat Rock, Michigan">Flat Rock, Michigan</a>, slicing into the cabin and killing one passenger.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 December 1956 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines_Flight_810" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810">Flight 810</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadair_North_Star" title="Canadair North Star">Canadair DC-4M-2 North Star</a>, Fin 204 CF-TFD crashed near <a href="/wiki/Chilliwack,_British_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilliwack, British Columbia">Chilliwack</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, after encountering severe icing and turbulence, resulting in the death of all 62 people on board. </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 November 1958 </td> <td> </td> <td>TCA <a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a>, Fin 604 CF-TGL parked at <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport" title="John F. Kennedy International Airport">Idlewild Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>, was destroyed by fire while awaiting passengers after it was struck by <a href="/wiki/Seaboard_%26_Western_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaboard & Western Airlines">Seaboard & Western Airlines</a> <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Constellation" title="Lockheed Constellation">Lockheed 1049D Super Constellation</a> N6503C which had crashed while taking off. The two crew members on board survived the accident.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN101158_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN101158-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 November 1959 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a>, Fin 617 CF-TGY was written off when it landed short of the runway at <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Pearson_International_Airport" title="Toronto Pearson International Airport">Toronto-Malton Airport</a>. All 40 on board survived.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN031159_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN031159-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 October 1962 </td> <td>Flight 455 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vickers_Viscount" title="Vickers Viscount">Vickers Viscount</a>, Fin 619 CF-THA was involved in a ground collision with <a href="/wiki/McDonnell_CF-101_Voodoo" title="McDonnell CF-101 Voodoo">CF-101 Voodoo</a> 17452 of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a> at RCAF Station Bagotville. The Voodoo had been given clearance to take off before the Viscount had cleared the runway. It collided with the tail of the Viscount, killing a flight attendant and a passenger. The crew of the Voodoo ejected, as the aircraft had been set afire as a result of the collision. The Viscount was substantially damaged, but it was repaired and returned to service.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN101062_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN101062-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 November 1963 </td> <td>Flight 861 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-8" title="Douglas DC-8">Douglas DC-8</a> was taking off from runway 28L at <a href="/wiki/London_Heathrow_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Heathrow Airport">London Heathrow Airport</a> on a flight to <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, Quebec, with seven crew and 90 passengers on board. As the aircraft passed 132 knots on its takeoff roll, the captain pulled back on the control column. He mistakenly believed there was no response from the elevators, and he aborted the takeoff. As a result, the aircraft passed the end of the runway and it came to rest 800 yards past the end of the runway in a cabbage field. All passengers and crew on board survived the accident, and the aircraft was repaired and returned to service.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 November 1963 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Air_Lines_Flight_831" title="Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 831">Flight 831</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_DC-8" title="Douglas DC-8">Douglas DC-8</a>-54F, Fin 814 CF-TJN crashed shortly after takeoff from <a href="/wiki/Montr%C3%A9al-Pierre_Elliott_Trudeau_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport">Montreal-Dorval International Airport</a> in a field near Ste-Thérèse, resulting in the deaths of all 118 people on board. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">List of defunct airlines of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">Canadian National Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Airways" title="Canadian Airways">Canadian Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Airlines" title="Canadian Airlines">Canadian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_aviation_in_Canada" title="History of aviation in Canada">History of aviation in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReserVec" title="ReserVec">ReserVec</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HQinfo-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HQinfo_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HQinfo_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HQinfo_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/33557">"Investigation of Aircraft Accident: TRANS-CANADA AIRLINES: FLAT ROCK, MICHIGAN: 1956-07-09"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>: <a href="/wiki/Civil_Aeronautics_Board" title="Civil Aeronautics Board">Civil Aeronautics Board</a>. 9 July 1956. p. 10/11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Investigation+of+Aircraft+Accident%3A+TRANS-CANADA+AIRLINES%3A+FLAT+ROCK%2C+MICHIGAN%3A+1956-07-09&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=10%2F11&rft.pub=Civil+Aeronautics+Board&rft.date=1956-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosap.ntl.bts.gov%2Fview%2Fdot%2F33557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrans-Canada+Air+Lines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mcgrath-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mcgrath_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath1992" class="citation book cs1">McGrath, T.M. (1992). <i>History of Canadian Airports</i> (2nd ed.). Ottawa: Lugus Publications in co-operation with Transport Canada. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-921633-11-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-921633-11-2"><bdi>978-0-921633-11-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Canadian+Airports&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Lugus+Publications+in+co-operation+with+Transport+Canada&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-921633-11-2&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=T.M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrans-Canada+Air+Lines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBCHist-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CBCHist_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/history.html">"Air Canada History"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a>. 14 May 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090331113445/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/aircanada/history.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Air+Canada+History&rft.date=2004-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fbackground%2Faircanada%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrans-Canada+Air+Lines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aircanadatimeline-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-aircanadatimeline_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181227182709/http://moments.aircanada.com/timeline">"Timeline – Air Canada's 80th Anniversary"</a>. <i>moments.aircanada.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://moments.aircanada.com/timeline/">the original</a> on 27 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=moments.aircanada.com&rft.atitle=Timeline+%E2%80%93+Air+Canada%27s+80th+Anniversary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmoments.aircanada.com%2Ftimeline%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrans-Canada+Air+Lines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120322213205/http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/postal-system">"Postal System"</a>. <i>The Canadian Encyclopedia</i>. Historica-Dominion. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/postal-system">the original</a> on 22 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Postal+System&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2Fpostal-system&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATrans-Canada+Air+Lines" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bombercommandmuseum.ca/lancafterwar.html">"Lancasters After The War"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110826121947/http://www.bombercommandmuseum.ca/lancafterwar.html">Archived</a> 26 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Bomber Command Museum</i>. Retrieved: 3 October 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1947/1947%20-%200048.html">"Canadian Review"</a>. <i>Flight</i>, 9 January 1947, p. 44. 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Toronto: The Unitrade Press, 1989. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-919801-66-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-919801-66-8">0-919801-66-8</a>.</li> <li>Bliss, Michael. <i>Northern Enterprise: Five Centuries of Canadian Business</i>. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1994, 1990, First edition 1987. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7710-1569-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7710-1569-0">0-7710-1569-0</a>.</li> <li>Harbron, John D. <i>C.D. Howe</i> (The Canadians). Don Mills, Ontario: Fitzhaven and Whiteside Limited, 1980. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88902-226-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-88902-226-7">0-88902-226-7</a>.</li> <li>Marson, P.J. <i>The Lockheed Constellation Series</i>. Tunbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd, 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85130-100-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-85130-100-2">0-85130-100-2</a>.</li> <li>Pigott, Peter. <i>National Treasure: The History of Trans Canada Airlines</i>. Madeira Park, BC: Harbour Publishing, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55017-268-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55017-268-3">978-1-55017-268-3</a>.</li> <li>Render, Shirley. <i>Double Cross: The Inside Story of James A. Richardson and the Canadian Airways</i>. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55054-722-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-55054-722-4">1-55054-722-4</a>.</li> <li>Smith, Philip. <i>It Seems Like Only Yesterday: Air Canada, the First 50 Years</i>. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1986. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7710-8211-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7710-8211-8">0-7710-8211-8</a>.</li> <li>Whittle, John A. et al. <i>The Douglas DC-4 and Canadair 4</i>. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd, 1967.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trans-Canada_Air_Lines&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Trans_Canada_Airlines" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Trans Canada Airlines">Trans Canada Airlines</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output 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/></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/19px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/29px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/38px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/19px-Aviacionavion.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Air_Canada218" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_Canada" title="Template:Air Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_Canada" title="Template talk:Air Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Air_Canada218" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Accidents and incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Flight_621" title="Air Canada Flight 621">Flight 621</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Flight_189" title="Air Canada Flight 189">Flight 189</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Flight_797" title="Air Canada Flight 797">Flight 797</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimli_Glider" title="Gimli Glider">Gimli Glider</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Flight_646" title="Air Canada Flight 646">Flight 646</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Flight_624" title="Air Canada Flight 624">Flight 624</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Flight_759" title="Air Canada Flight 759">Flight 759</a> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Air_Canada_destinations" title="List of Air Canada destinations">Destinations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Cargo" title="Air Canada Cargo">Air Canada Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Express" title="Air Canada Express">Air Canada Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Jetz" title="Air Canada Jetz">Air Canada Jetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Rouge" title="Air Canada Rouge">Air Canada Rouge</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Former_subsidiaries19" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_Aviation" title="Jazz Aviation">Air Canada Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zip_(airline)" title="Zip (airline)">Zip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Tango" title="Air Canada Tango">Air Canada Tango</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hubs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montreal-Pierre_Eliott_Trudeau_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Montreal-Pierre Eliott Trudeau International Airport">Montreal-Pierre Eliott Trudeau International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Pearson_International_Airport" title="Toronto Pearson International Airport">Toronto Pearson International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vancouver_International_Airport" title="Vancouver International Airport">Vancouver International Airport</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Focus_cities12" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Focus cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calgary_International_Airport" title="Calgary International Airport">Calgary International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Stanfield_International_Airport" title="Halifax Stanfield International Airport">Halifax Stanfield International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Macdonald%E2%80%93Cartier_International_Airport" title="Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport">Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Michael Rousseau (CEO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Loyalty programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeroplan" title="Aeroplan">Aeroplan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Merged airlines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Airlines" title="Canadian Airlines">Canadian Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Air_Canada" title="Category:Air Canada">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Defunct_airlines_of_Canada233" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Defunct_airlines_of_Canada" title="Template:Defunct airlines of Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Defunct_airlines_of_Canada" title="Template talk:Defunct airlines of Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Defunct_airlines_of_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Defunct airlines of Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Defunct_airlines_of_Canada233" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">Defunct airlines of Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">#</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#1" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">30000 Island Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Alice_Orr#Post-war_career,_life_and_honours" title="Marion Alice Orr">Aero Activities Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Aéro Golfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soundair#History" title="Soundair">Aero Trades Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeropro" title="Aeropro">Aeropro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_500" title="Air 500">Air 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_3000" title="Canada 3000">Air 2000 Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Alliance" title="Air Alliance">Air Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Atlantic" title="Air Atlantic">Air Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Express" title="City Express">Air Atonabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Nunavut" title="Air Nunavut">Air Baffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_BC" title="Air BC">Air BC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_Aviation" title="Jazz Aviation">Air Canada Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada Regional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Tango" title="Air Canada Tango">Air Canada Tango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Air Caribou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#2" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">Air Charter Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Club_International" title="Air Club International">Air Club International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Fecteau" title="Air Fecteau">Air Fecteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Gasp%C3%A9" title="Air Gaspé">Air Gaspé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Georgian" title="Air Georgian">Air Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Labrador" title="Air Labrador">Air Labrador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Mikisew" title="Air Mikisew">Air Mikisew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_North" title="Canadian North">Air Norterra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Nova" title="Air Nova">Air Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Ontario" title="Air Ontario">Air Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay" title="Air Saguenay">Air Saguenay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_Air" title="Rise Air">Air Sask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Satellite" title="Air Satellite">Air Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#3" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">Air Schefferville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Southwest_(Canada)" title="Air Southwest (Canada)">Air Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Toronto" title="Air Toronto">Air Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orca_Airways#History" title="Orca Airways">Airspeed Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airtransit" title="Airtransit">Airtransit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenn_Borek_Air#History" title="Kenn Borek Air">Aklavik Flying Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberta_Citylink" title="Alberta Citylink">Alberta Citylink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alta_Flights" title="Alta Flights">Alberta Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_BC" title="Air BC">Alert Bay Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AllCanada_Express" title="AllCanada Express">AllCanada Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alta_Flights" title="Alta Flights">Alta Flights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Sunwest_Charters" title="Arctic Sunwest Charters">Arctic Sunwest Charters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transair_(Canada)" title="Transair (Canada)">Arctic Wings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines#History" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Arrow Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Ashuanipi Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines#History" title="Pacific Western Airlines">Associated Air Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines#History" title="Pacific Western Airlines">Associated Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHC_Helicopter#ExxpansionAssociated_Helicopters" title="CHC Helicopter">CHC Helicopter#ExxpansionAssociated Helicopters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_Air" title="Rise Air">Athabaska Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Express" title="City Express">Atonabee Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Airways" title="Austin Airways">Austin Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starlink_Aviation" title="Starlink Aviation">Avionair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines" title="Pacific Western Airlines">B.C. Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integra_Air" title="Integra Air">Bar XH Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_Aviation" title="Baxter Aviation">Baxter Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BCWest_Air" title="BCWest Air">BCWest Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bearskin_Airlines" title="Bearskin Airlines">Bearskin Lake Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordair" title="Nordair">Boreal Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHC_Helicopter#Expansion" title="CHC Helicopter">Bow Helicopters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_North" title="Canadian North">Bradley Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brock_Air_Services" title="Brock Air Services">Brock Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morningstar_Air_Express" title="Morningstar Air Express">Brooker-Wheaton Aviation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">C</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_BC#History" title="Air BC">Calumet Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_3000" title="Canada 3000">Canada 3000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_3000#History" title="Canada 3000">Canada 3000 Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Jetlines" title="Canada Jetlines">Canada Jetlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_West_Airlines" title="Canada West Airlines">Canada West Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Airlines" title="Canadian Airlines">Canadian Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Airways" title="Canadian Airways">Canadian Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Colonial_Airways_(Canada)" title="Canadian Colonial Airways (Canada)">Canadian Colonial Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Canadian Pacific Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Regional_Airlines" title="Canadian Regional Airlines">Canadian Regional Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CanJet" title="CanJet">CanJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Airways" title="Austin Airways">Capreol and Austin Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Star_Air" title="North Star Air">Cargo North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millardair" title="Millardair">Carl Millard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coastal_Airlines#History" title="Pacific Coastal Airlines">Cassidair Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coastal_Airlines#HistoryCentral_British_Columbia_Airlines" title="Pacific Coastal Airlines">Pacific Coastal Airlines#HistoryCentral British Columbia Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transair_(Canada)#History" title="Transair (Canada)">Central Northern Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Inuit" title="Air Inuit">Chaparal Charters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Red_Airline" title="Cherry Red Airline">Cherry Red Airline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_Airways#History" title="Superior Airways">Chimo Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Express" title="City Express">City Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Mikisew#History" title="Air Mikisew">Contact Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporate_Express_(airline)" title="Corporate Express (airline)">Corporate Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Thomas_Reid" title="Wilfrid Thomas Reid">Curtiss-Reid Flying Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">D</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Deraps Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Air" title="Discovery Air">Discovery Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHC_Helicopter#Expansion" title="CHC Helicopter">Dominion Pegasus Helicopters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">E</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Canada_Air_Lines" title="Eastern Canada Air Lines">Eastern Canada Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAL_Airlines#History" title="PAL Airlines">Eastern Flying Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Provincial_Airways" title="Eastern Provincial Airways">Eastern Provincial Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldorado_Radium_Silver_Express" title="Eldorado Radium Silver Express">Eldorado Radium Silver Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_Air" title="Lynx Air">Enerjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Expeditair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Fecteau" title="Air Fecteau">Fecteau Transport Aerien</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">F</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Air" title="First Air">First Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Nations_Transportation" title="First Nations Transportation">First Nations Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flair_Airlines#History" title="Flair Airlines">Flair Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_Air" title="Lynx Air">FlyToo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortunair" title="Fortunair">Fortunair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Gagnon Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargojet" title="Cargojet">Georgian Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines#History" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Ginger Coote Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globemaster_Air_Cargo" title="Globemaster Air Cargo">Globemaster Air Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Grand Island Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Airlines_(Canada)" title="Great Lakes Airlines (Canada)">Great Lakes Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Sick" title="Emil Sick">Great Western Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FlyGTA_Airlines" title="FlyGTA Airlines">Greater Toronto Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greyhound_Air" title="Greyhound Air">Greyhound Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_BC#History" title="Air BC">Gulf Air Aviation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">H</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_BC" title="Air BC">Haida Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmony_Airways" title="Harmony Airways">Harmony Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkair" title="Hawkair">Hawkair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helijet" title="Helijet">Helijet Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmony_Airways#History" title="Harmony Airways">HMY Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#5" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">Holidair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">I</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#6" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">ICC Air Cargo Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAL_Airlines" title="PAL Airlines">Innu Mikun Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intair" title="Intair">Intair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integra_Air" title="Integra Air">Integra Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Canadien" title="Inter-Canadien">Inter-Canadien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_Express_Air" title="Island Express Air">Island Express Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">J</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jetsgo" title="Jetsgo">Jetsgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Johannesson#Aviation" title="Konrad Johannesson">Johanneson Flying Services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">K</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines#History" title="Pacific Western Airlines">Kamloops Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KD_Air" title="KD Air">KD Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wasaya_Airways#History" title="Wasaya Airways">Kelner Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KF_Cargo" title="KF Cargo">Kelowna Flightcraft Air Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenn_Borek_Air#History" title="Kenn Borek Air">Kenting Atlas Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keystone_Air_Service" title="Keystone Air Service">Keystone Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knighthawk_Air_Express" title="Knighthawk Air Express">Knighthawk Air Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kootenay_Direct_Airlines" title="Kootenay Direct Airlines">Kootenay Direct Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">L</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rise_Air" title="Rise Air">La Ronge Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propair" title="Propair">La Sarre Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Labrador Air Safari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Labrador" title="Air Labrador">Labrador Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHC_Helicopter#Expansion" title="CHC Helicopter">Lac Saint-Jean Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamb_Air" title="Lamb Air">Lamb Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Tindi" title="Air Tindi">Latham Island Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_flying#Canada" title="Bush flying">Laurentide Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barker_Field" title="Barker Field">Leavens Bros Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Air" title="Time Air">Lethbridge Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jock_Palmer" title="Jock Palmer">Aviation careerLethbridge Aircraft Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jock_Palmer" title="Jock Palmer">Aviation careerLLethbridge Commercial Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CanWest_Air" title="CanWest Air">Little Red Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_Air" title="Lynx Air">Lynx Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">M</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#7" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">M&C Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_McCall" title="Frederick McCall">McCall Aero Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines#History" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">MacKenzie Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maestro_(airline)" title="Maestro (airline)">Maestro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Central_Airways" title="Maritime Central Airways">Maritime Central Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebecair#History" title="Quebecair">Matane Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millardair" title="Millardair">Millardair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minerve_(airline)#History" title="Minerve (airline)">Minerve Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordair" title="Nordair">Mont Laurier Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Montmagny" title="Air Montmagny">Montmagny Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines#History" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Montreal & Dominion Skyways</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">N</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NAC_Air" title="NAC Air">NAC Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-Wright_Airways" title="North-Wright Airways">Nahanni Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nolisair" title="Nolisair">Nationair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_Air" title="Lynx Air">New Air & Tours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Labrador" title="Air Labrador">Newfoundland Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Provincial_Airways#History" title="Eastern Provincial Airways">Newfoundland Aero Sales and Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NewLeaf" title="NewLeaf">NewLeaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NextJet_Canada" title="NextJet Canada">NextJet Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nolisair" title="Nolisair">Nolisair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norcanair" title="Norcanair">Norcanair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordair" title="Nordair">Nordair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NorOntair" title="NorOntair">NorOntair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norcanair" title="Norcanair">North Canada Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Cariboo_Air" title="North Cariboo Air">North Cariboo Flying Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbour_Air#North_Pacific_Seaplanes" title="Harbour Air">North Pacific Seaplanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonicblue_Airways#History" title="Sonicblue Airways">North Vancouver Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-Wright_Airways" title="North-Wright Airways">North-Wright Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Thunderbird_Air#History" title="Northern Thunderbird Air">Northern Mountain Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebecair#History" title="Quebecair">Northern Wings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Central_Airlines" title="Ontario Central Airlines">Nunasi-Central Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Air" title="First Air">NWT Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">O</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odyssey_International" title="Odyssey International">Odyssey International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHC_Helicopter#Origins" title="CHC Helicopter">Okanagan Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_BC#History" title="Air BC">Omineca Air Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Central_Airlines" title="Ontario Central Airlines">Ontario Central Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Express" title="Ontario Express">Ontario Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orca_Airways" title="Orca Airways">Orca Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Express" title="City Express">Otonabee Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soundair" title="Soundair">Owen Sound Air Services</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">P</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tofino_Air#History" title="Tofino Air">Pacific Spirit Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines" title="Pacific Western Airlines">Pacific Western Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Bay_Air" title="Pat Bay Air">Pat Bay Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Air" title="Peace Air">Peace Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pem-Air" title="Pem-Air">Pem-Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wardair#History" title="Wardair">Polaris Charter Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines#History" title="Pacific Western Airlines">Port Alberni Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powell_Air" title="Powell Air">Powell Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines#History" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Prairie Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Air" title="Prince Edward Air">Prince Edward Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pronto_Airways" title="Pronto Airways">Pronto Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAL_Airlines" title="PAL Airlines">Provincial Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Air#History" title="First Air">Ptarmigan Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Sick" title="Emil Sick">Purple Label Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Q</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines#History" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Quebec Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Canadien" title="Inter-Canadien">Quebec Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebecair" title="Quebecair">Quebecair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebecair_Express" title="Quebecair Express">Quebecair Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Charlotte_Airlines" title="Queen Charlotte Airlines">Queen Charlotte Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuikAir" title="QuikAir">QuikAir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SkyLink_Express#History" title="SkyLink Express">QuikAire Cargo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sonicblue_Airways#History" title="Sonicblue Airways">Regency Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebecair#Later_years" title="Quebecair">Regionair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R1_Airlines" title="R1 Airlines">Regional 1 Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebecair" title="Quebecair">Rimouski Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roots_Air" title="Roots Air">Roots Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aviation" title="Royal Aviation">Royal Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Aviation#History" title="Royal Aviation">Royal Cargo Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebecair#History" title="Quebecair">RoyalAir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salt_Spring_Air" title="Salt Spring Air">Salt Spring Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norcanair#History" title="Norcanair">Saskatchewan Government Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sealand_Helicopters" title="Sealand Helicopters">Sealand Helicopters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Saguenay#History" title="Air Saguenay">Saguenay Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHC_Helicopter#Expansion" title="CHC Helicopter">Sept-Iles Helicopter Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines#History" title="Pacific Western Airlines">Skeena Air Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Regional_Airlines" title="Sky Regional Airlines">Sky Regional Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skycraft_Air_Transport" title="Skycraft Air Transport">Skycraft Air Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyservice_Airlines" title="Skyservice Airlines">Skyservice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyxpress_Airline" title="Skyxpress Airline">Skyxpress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CanWest_Air#History" title="CanWest Air">Slave Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonicblue_Airways" title="Sonicblue Airways">Sonicblue Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soundair" title="Soundair">Soundair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soundair" title="Soundair">Soundair Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines#History" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Southern Air Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jock_Palmer#Aviation_career" title="Jock Palmer">Southern Alberta Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Frontier_Airlines" title="Southern Frontier Airlines">Southern Frontier Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Air_Lines#History" title="Canadian Pacific Air Lines">Starratt Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunwest_Aviation" title="Sunwest Aviation">Sunwest Home Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swanberg_Air" title="Swanberg Air">Swanberg Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swoop_(airline)" title="Swoop (airline)">Swoop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">T</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cook_Airlines_Canada" title="Thomas Cook Airlines Canada">Thomas Cook Airlines Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Air" title="Time Air">Time Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Helicopters#History" title="Canadian Helicopters">Toronto Helicopters</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Trans-Canada Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Gasp%C3%A9" title="Air Gaspé">Trans-Gaspesian Air Lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Provincial_Airlines" title="Trans-Provincial Airlines">Trans-Provincial Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transair_(Canada)" title="Transair (Canada)">Transair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_Air" title="Rise Air">Transwest Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pem-Air" title="Pem-Air">Trillium Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#8" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">Trinity Helicopters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triton_Airlines" title="Triton Airlines">Triton Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Air_Transport" title="United Air Transport">United Air Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Helicopters" title="Universal Helicopters">Universal Helicopters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">V</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#9" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">Vacationair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val_Air" title="Val Air">Val Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenn_Borek_Air#History" title="Kenn Borek Air">Vic Turner Ltd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_Airways_Corporation" title="Vision Airways Corporation">Vision Airways Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vistajet" title="Vistajet">Vistajet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">W</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wardair" title="Wardair">Wardair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Air" title="West Coast Air">West Coast Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Wind_Aviation" title="West Wind Aviation">West Wind Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_airlines_of_Canada#10" title="List of defunct airlines of Canada">Western Express Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Coastal_Airlines#History" title="Pacific Coastal Airlines">Wilderness Seaplanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbour_Air#History" title="Harbour Air">Windoak Air Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnport" title="Winnport">Winnport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Western_Airlines#History" title="Pacific Western Airlines">Whitehorse Flying Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World-Wide_Airways" title="World-Wide Airways">World-Wide Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldways_Canada" title="Worldways Canada">Worldways Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Y</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Ward_(aviator)#Aviation_career" title="Max Ward (aviator)">Yellowknife Airways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukon_Southern_Air_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Yukon Southern Air Transport">Yukon Southern Air Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Z</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zip_(airline)" title="Zip (airline)">Zip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoom_Airlines" title="Zoom Airlines">Zoom Airlines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_Canada" title="List of airlines of Canada">List of airlines of Canada</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3537318#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata498" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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