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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Since 1900 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Campus </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campus subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1824–1905" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1824–1905"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 1824–1905 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1824–1905-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ricketts_Campus,_1906–1935" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ricketts_Campus,_1906–1935"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Ricketts Campus, 1906–1935 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ricketts_Campus,_1906–1935-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_expansion,_1946–1960" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_expansion,_1946–1960"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Post-war expansion, 1946–1960 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_expansion,_1946–1960-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_campus,_since_1961" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_campus,_since_1961"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Modern campus, since 1961 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_campus,_since_1961-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_campuses_and_online_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_campuses_and_online_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Other campuses and online programs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_campuses_and_online_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Academics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Academics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rensselaer_Plan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rensselaer_Plan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Rensselaer Plan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rensselaer_Plan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Faculty </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Rankings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electrical_and_Computer_Systems_Engineering_at_RPI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electrical_and_Computer_Systems_Engineering_at_RPI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering at RPI </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electrical_and_Computer_Systems_Engineering_at_RPI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_and_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_and_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Research and development </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_and_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Student life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Student life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Student_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Student organizations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-RPI_songs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#RPI_songs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 RPI songs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-RPI_songs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_Year_Experience_and_CLASS_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Year_Experience_and_CLASS_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 First Year Experience and CLASS programs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Year_Experience_and_CLASS_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NROTC" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NROTC"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 NROTC </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NROTC-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grand_Marshal_and_President_of_the_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grand_Marshal_and_President_of_the_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Grand Marshal and President of the Union </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grand_Marshal_and_President_of_the_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greek_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greek_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Greek life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greek_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_body" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_body"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Student body </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_body-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Student body subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Student_body-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gender_ratio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gender_ratio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Gender ratio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gender_ratio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Athletics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Athletics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ice_hockey_(men's)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ice_hockey_(men's)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Ice hockey (men's) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ice_hockey_(men's)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ice_hockey_(women's)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ice_hockey_(women's)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Ice hockey (women's) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ice_hockey_(women's)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lacrosse_(men's)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lacrosse_(men's)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Lacrosse (men's) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lacrosse_(men's)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baseball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baseball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Baseball </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baseball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 American football </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletic_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletic_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Athletic facilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletic_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_of_women" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_women"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 History of women </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History_of_women-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History of women subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History_of_women-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_women" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_women"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 First women </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_women-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Students" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Students"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Students </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Students-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculty_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculty_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 Faculty </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculty_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notable alumni </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" > 25 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="معهد رينسيلار للعلوم التطبيقية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معهد رينسيلار للعلوم التطبيقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%E2%80%9E%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%E2%80%9C" title="Политехнически институт „Ранселар“ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Политехнически институт „Ранселар“" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rensselaeri_Pol%C3%BCtehniline_Instituut" title="Rensselaeri Polütehniline Instituut – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rensselaeri Polütehniline Instituut" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Polit%C3%A9cnico_Rensselaer" title="Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politeknika_Instituto_Rensselaer" title="Politeknika Instituto Rensselaer – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Politeknika Instituto Rensselaer" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%87_%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="مؤسسه پلی‌تکنیک رنسلیر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مؤسسه پلی‌تکنیک رنسلیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_polytechnique_Rensselaer" title="Institut polytechnique Rensselaer – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Institut polytechnique Rensselaer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Polit%C3%A9cnico_Rensselaer" title="Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%8C%EC%8A%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B4_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B3%BC%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="렌슬리어 공과대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="렌슬리어 공과대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="המכון הפוליטכני רנסלר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המכון הפוליטכני רנסלר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87" title="معهد رينسيلار للعلوم التطبيقيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="معهد رينسيلار للعلوم التطبيقيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E5%B7%A5%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="レンセラー工科大学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レンセラー工科大学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Polit%C3%A9cnico_Rensselaer" title="Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Instituto Politécnico Rensselaer" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Политехнический институт Ренсселера – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Политехнический институт Ренсселера" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_coat_of_arms.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5a/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_coat_of_arms.svg/130px-Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_coat_of_arms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5a/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_coat_of_arms.svg/195px-Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_coat_of_arms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5a/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_coat_of_arms.svg/260px-Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_coat_of_arms.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="329" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Coat of arms designed by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Clipston_Sturgis" title="Richard Clipston Sturgis">Richard Clipston Sturgis</a> in 1904<a href="#cite_note-historybook-1">[1]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former names</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Rensselaer School (1824–1834) Rensselaer Institute (1834–1861)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">"Knowledge and Thoroughness"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">Private</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">November 5, 1824; 200 years ago (November 5, 1824)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_accreditation" title="Higher education accreditation">Accreditation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Middle_States_Commission_on_Higher_Education" title="Middle States Commission on Higher Education">MSCHE</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Independent_Colleges_and_Universities" title="National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities">NAICU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Independent_Technological_Universities" title="Association of Independent Technological Universities">AITU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_Space_Grant_College_and_Fellowship_Program" title="National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program">Space-grant</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$864 million (2022)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Martin_A._Schmidt" title="Martin A. Schmidt">Martin A. Schmidt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Rebecca W. Doerge <a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">488 (2019)<a href="#cite_note-AnnualReport-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrative staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,291 (2019)<a href="#cite_note-AnnualReport-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">8,142 (2019)<a href="#cite_note-AnnualReport-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6,203 (2019)<a href="#cite_note-AnnualReport-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,366 (2019)<a href="#cite_note-AnnualReport-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other students</div></th><td class="infobox-data">573 (2019)<a href="#cite_note-AnnualReport-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="state"><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&params=42.73_N_73.6775_W_region:US_type:edu">42°43′48″N 73°40′39″W / 42.7300°N 73.6775°W / 42.7300; -73.6775</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Small city<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>, 265 acres (107 ha)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Other campuses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolton_Landing,_New_York" title="Bolton Landing, New York">Bolton Landing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/North_Berwick,_Maine" title="North Berwick, Maine">North Berwick</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Rensselaer_Polytechnic" title="The Rensselaer Polytechnic">The Rensselaer Polytechnic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colors</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Cherry and white<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style>  <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Athletic_nickname" title="Athletic nickname">Nickname</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers" title="RPI Engineers">Engineers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Sporting affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a> <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III" title="NCAA Division III">Division III</a> – <a href="/wiki/Liberty_League" title="Liberty League">Liberty League</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey" title="ECAC Hockey">ECAC Hockey</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Mascot</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Red Hawks</li><li>Puckman<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu">www.rpi.edu</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:254px"><div style="position:relative;width:252px;border:1px solid lightgray"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_New_York_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is located in New York"><img alt="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is located in New York" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/USA_New_York_location_map.svg/252px-USA_New_York_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="252" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/USA_New_York_location_map.svg/378px-USA_New_York_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/USA_New_York_location_map.svg/504px-USA_New_York_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1569" data-file-height="1276" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:51.366%;left:75.994%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Troy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/6px-Purple_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/9px-Purple_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Purple_pog.svg/12px-Purple_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_New_York_location_map.svg" title="File:USA New York location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Location of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in <a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_State" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State">New York</a></div></div></div> Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/rɛnsəˈlɪər/</a>; RPI) is a <a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> in <a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy, New York</a>, United States. It is the oldest <a href="/wiki/Technological_university" class="mw-redirect" title="Technological university">technological university</a> in the <a href="/wiki/English-speaking_world" title="English-speaking world">English-speaking world</a> and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Van_Rensselaer" title="Stephen Van Rensselaer">Stephen Van Rensselaer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amos_Eaton" title="Amos Eaton">Amos Eaton</a> for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".<a href="#cite_note-history-8">[8]</a> Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of <a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a>. The institute operates an on‑campus <a href="/wiki/Business_incubator" title="Business incubator">business incubator</a> and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Technology_Park" title="Rensselaer Technology Park">Rensselaer Technology Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> It is <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Classification_of_Institutions_of_Higher_Education" title="Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education">classified</a> among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".<a href="#cite_note-Carnegie-11">[11]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" title="History of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute">History of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1824–1900">1824–1900</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1824–1900">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StephenVanRensselaerIIIPortrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/StephenVanRensselaerIIIPortrait.jpg/170px-StephenVanRensselaerIIIPortrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/StephenVanRensselaerIIIPortrait.jpg/255px-StephenVanRensselaerIIIPortrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/StephenVanRensselaerIIIPortrait.jpg/340px-StephenVanRensselaerIIIPortrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2324" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stephen_van_Rensselaer_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen van Rensselaer III">Stephen van Rensselaer</a>, founder of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rensselaer_School_1824.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rensselaer_School_1824.png/220px-Rensselaer_School_1824.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rensselaer_School_1824.png/330px-Rensselaer_School_1824.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Rensselaer_School_1824.png/440px-Rensselaer_School_1824.png 2x" data-file-width="3398" data-file-height="2071" /></a><figcaption>Engraving of the original Rensselaer School</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RPI_Engraving_1879.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/RPI_Engraving_1879.jpg/220px-RPI_Engraving_1879.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/RPI_Engraving_1879.jpg/330px-RPI_Engraving_1879.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/RPI_Engraving_1879.jpg/440px-RPI_Engraving_1879.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4371" data-file-height="3052" /></a><figcaption>Engraving of RPI in 1876</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Van_Rensselaer" title="Stephen Van Rensselaer">Stephen Van Rensselaer</a> established the Rensselaer School on 5 November 1824 with a letter to the Reverend Dr. <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Blatchford_(university_president)" title="Samuel Blatchford (university president)">Samuel Blatchford</a>, in which Van Rensselaer asked Blatchford to serve as the first president. Within the letter he set down several orders of business. He appointed <a href="/wiki/Amos_Eaton" title="Amos Eaton">Amos Eaton</a> as the school's first senior professor and appointed the first board of trustees.<a href="#cite_note-historybook-1">[1]</a> The school opened on Monday, 5 January 1825 at the Old Bank Place, a building at the north end of Troy.<a href="#cite_note-buildings-12">[12]</a> Tuition was around $40 per semester (equivalent to $800 in 2012<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a>).<a href="#cite_note-historybook-1">[1]</a> The fact that the school attracted students from as far as <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> is attributed to the reputation of Eaton. Fourteen months of successful trial led to the incorporation of the school on 21 March 1826 by the state of <a href="/wiki/New_York_State" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State">New York</a>. In its early years, the Rensselaer School strongly resembled a graduate school more than it did a college, drawing graduates from many older institutions.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Under Eaton, the Rensselaer School, renamed the Rensselaer Institute in 1832, was a small but vibrant center for technological research. The first civil engineering degrees in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">United States</a> were granted by the school in 1835, and many of the best remembered civil engineers of that time graduated from the school. Important visiting scholars included <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry" title="Joseph Henry">Joseph Henry</a>, who had previously studied under Amos Eaton, and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Davenport_(inventor)" title="Thomas Davenport (inventor)">Thomas Davenport</a>, who sold the world's first working <a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">electric motor</a> to the institute.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In 1847 alumnus <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Greene" title="Benjamin Franklin Greene">Benjamin Franklin Greene</a> became the new senior professor. Earlier he had done a thorough study of European technical schools to see how Rensselaer could be improved. In 1850 he reorganized the school into a three-year polytechnic institute with six technical schools.<a href="#cite_note-timeline-16">[16]</a> In 1861 the name was changed to Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> A severe conflagration of 10 May 1862, known as "<a href="/wiki/Great_Fire_of_Troy" title="Great Fire of Troy">The Great Fire</a>", destroyed more than 507 buildings in Troy and gutted 75 acres (300,000 m2) in the heart of the city.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-great_fire-19">[19]</a> The "Infant School" building that housed the institute at the time was destroyed in this fire. <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> proposed that Rensselaer leave Troy altogether and merge with its New York City campus. Ultimately, the proposal was rejected, and the campus left the crowded downtown for the hillside. Classes were temporarily held at the Vail House and in the <a href="/wiki/Troy_University_(New_York)" title="Troy University (New York)">Troy University</a> building until 1864,<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> when the institute moved to a building on Broadway on 8th Street, now the site of the Approach.<a href="#cite_note-great_fire-19">[19]</a> One of the first Latino student organizations in the United States was founded at RPI in 1890. The <a href="/wiki/Club_Hispano_Americano" title="Club Hispano Americano">Club Hispano Americano</a> was established by the international Latin American students that attended the institute at this time. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_1900">Since 1900</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Since 1900">edit</a>]</div> In 1904 the institute was for the fourth time devastated by fire, when its main building was completely destroyed.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> However, RPI underwent a period of academic and resource expansion under the leadership of President <a href="/wiki/Palmer_C._Ricketts" title="Palmer C. Ricketts">Palmer Ricketts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Named president in 1901, Ricketts liberalized the curriculum by adding the Department of Arts, Science, and Business Administration, in addition to the Graduate School. He also expanded the university's resources and developed RPI into a true polytechnic institute by increasing the number of degrees offered from two to twelve; these included electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, biology, chemistry, and physics. During Rickett's tenure, enrollment increased from approximately 200 in 1900 to a high of 1,700 in 1930.<a href="#cite_note-railroad_guide-23">[23]</a> Another period of expansion occurred following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> as returning veterans used their GI Bill education benefits to attend college. The "Freshman Hill" residence complex was opened in 1953 followed by the completion of the Commons Dining Hall in 1954, two more halls in 1958, and three more in 1968. In this same time frame (1966) <a href="/wiki/Herta_Regina_Leng" title="Herta Regina Leng">Herta Regina Leng</a> was appointed as RPI's first female full professor. She is now honored there with an annual lecture series.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> In 1961, there was major progress in academics at the institute with the construction of the Gaerttner <a href="/wiki/Linear_particle_accelerator" title="Linear particle accelerator">Linear Accelerator</a>, then the most powerful in the world,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> and the Jonsson-Rowland Science Center. The current Student Union building was opened in 1967. The next three decades brought continued growth with many new buildings (see '<a href="#Campus">Campus'</a> below), and growing ties to industry. The "H-building", previously used for storage, became the home for the RPI incubator program, the first such program sponsored solely by a university.<a href="#cite_note-first_incubator-26">[26]</a> Shortly after this, RPI decided to invest $3 million in pavement, water and power on around 1,200 acres (490 ha) of land it owned 5 miles (8.0 km) south of campus to create the <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Technology_Park" title="Rensselaer Technology Park">Rensselaer Technology Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-techpark-27">[27]</a> In 1982 the New York State legislature granted RPI $30 million to build the <a href="/wiki/George_M._Low_Center_for_Industrial_Innovation" title="George M. Low Center for Industrial Innovation">George M. Low Center for Industrial Innovation</a>, a center for industry-sponsored research and development. In 1999, RPI gained attention when it was one of the first universities to implement a mandatory <a href="/wiki/Laptop_computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Laptop computer">laptop computer</a> program.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> This was also the year of the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson">Shirley Ann Jackson</a>, a former chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Regulatory_Commission" title="Nuclear Regulatory Commission">Nuclear Regulatory Commission</a> under U.S. <a href="/wiki/President_Bill_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="President Bill Clinton">President Bill Clinton</a>, as the eighteenth president of RPI. She instituted "<a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rensselaer Plan">The Rensselaer Plan</a>" (discussed below), an ambitious plan to revitalize the institute. Many advances have been made under the plan, and Jackson has enjoyed the ongoing support of the RPI Board of Trustees. However, her leadership style did not sit well with many faculty;<a href="#cite_note-chronicle_president-29">[29]</a> on 26 April 2006, RPI faculty voted 149 to 155 in a failed vote of no-confidence in Jackson.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In September 2007, RPI's Faculty Senate was suspended for over four years over conflict with the administration.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-AAUP_demise-32">[32]</a> In 2011, the college was <a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_University_Professors#Sanctioned_Institutions" title="American Association of University Professors">sanctioned</a> by the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_University_Professors" title="American Association of University Professors">American Association of University Professors</a> "for infringement of governance standards".<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> On 3 October 2008, RPI celebrated the opening of the $220 million <a href="/wiki/Experimental_Media_and_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center">Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center</a>. That same year the national economic downturn resulted in the elimination of 98 staff positions across the institute, about five percent of the workforce.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Campus construction expansion continued, however, with the completion of the $92 million East Campus Athletic Village and opening of the new Blitman Commons residence hall in 2009. As of 2015, all staff positions had been reinstated at the institute, experiencing significant growth from pre-recession levels and contributing over $1 billion annually to the economy of the <a href="/wiki/Capital_District,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital District, New York">Capital District</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> That same year, renovation of the North Hall, E-Complex, and Quadrangle dormitories began and was later completed in 2016 to house the largest incoming class in Rensselaer's history.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> In July 2022, <a href="/wiki/Martin_A._Schmidt" title="Martin A. Schmidt">Martin A. Schmidt</a>, formerly provost of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>, became RPI's nineteenth president.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Campus">edit</a>]</div> RPI's 275-acre (111 ha)<a href="#cite_note-virtual_tour-39">[39]</a> campus sits upon a hill overlooking <a href="/wiki/Troy,_New_York" title="Troy, New York">Troy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River" title="Hudson River">Hudson River</a>. The surrounding area is mostly residential neighborhoods, with the city of Troy lying at the base of the hill. The campus is bisected by 15th Street, with most of the athletic and housing facilities to the east, and the academic buildings to the west. A footbridge spans the street, linking the two halves. Much of the campus features a series of <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Revival_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial Revival style">Colonial Revival style</a> structures built in the first three decades of the 20th century. Overall, the campus has enjoyed four periods of expansion.<a href="#cite_note-buildings-12">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1824–1905">1824–1905</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1824–1905">edit</a>]</div> RPI was originally located in downtown Troy, but gradually moved to the hilltop that overlooks the city. Buildings that remain from this time include <a href="/wiki/Winslow_Chemical_Laboratory" title="Winslow Chemical Laboratory">Winslow Chemical Laboratory</a>, a building on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>. Located at the base of the hill on the western edge of campus, it currently houses the Social and Behavioral Research Laboratory.<a href="#cite_note-buildings-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ricketts_Campus,_1906–1935">Ricketts Campus, 1906–1935</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Ricketts Campus, 1906–1935">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RusselSageLabs.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/RusselSageLabs.JPG/220px-RusselSageLabs.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/RusselSageLabs.JPG/330px-RusselSageLabs.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/RusselSageLabs.JPG/440px-RusselSageLabs.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Russell Sage Laboratory</figcaption></figure> President Palmer Ricketts supervised the construction of the school's "Green Rooftop" Colonial Revival buildings that give much of the campus a distinct architectural style. Buildings constructed during this period include the <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Building_(Troy,_New_York)" title="Carnegie Building (Troy, New York)">Carnegie Building</a> (1906), Walker Laboratory (1907), Russell Sage Laboratory (1909),<a href="#cite_note-Russell_Sage_Laboratory_history-41">[41]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsburgh Building">Pittsburgh Building</a> (1912), <a href="/wiki/Quadrangle_Dormitories_(University_of_Pennsylvania)" title="Quadrangle Dormitories (University of Pennsylvania)">Quadrangle Dormitories</a> (1916–1927), Troy Building (1925), <a href="/wiki/Amos_Eaton_Hall" title="Amos Eaton Hall">Amos Eaton Hall</a> (1928), <a href="/wiki/Greene_Building,_Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Greene Building, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute">Greene Building</a> (1931) and <a href="/wiki/Ricketts_Building" title="Ricketts Building">Ricketts Building</a> (1935). Also built during this period was "The Approach" (1907), a massive ornate granite staircase found on the west end of campus. Originally linking RPI to the Troy Union Railroad station, it again serves as an important link between the city and the university.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In 1906 the '86 Field, home field of the football team until 2008, was completed with support of the Class of 1886. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_expansion,_1946–1960">Post-war expansion, 1946–1960</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-war expansion, 1946–1960">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_hall_twilight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/West_hall_twilight.jpg/220px-West_hall_twilight.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/West_hall_twilight.jpg/330px-West_hall_twilight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/West_hall_twilight.jpg/440px-West_hall_twilight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2956" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/West_Hall_(Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute)" title="West Hall (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)">West Hall</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VorheesComputingCenter.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/VorheesComputingCenter.JPG/220px-VorheesComputingCenter.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/VorheesComputingCenter.JPG/330px-VorheesComputingCenter.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/VorheesComputingCenter.JPG/440px-VorheesComputingCenter.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Alan_M._Voorhees" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan M. Voorhees">Voorhees</a> Computing Center</figcaption></figure> After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the campus again underwent major expansion. Nine dormitories were built at the east edge of campus bordering Burdett Avenue, a location that came to be called "Freshman Hill". The <a href="/wiki/Houston_Field_House" title="Houston Field House">Houston Field House</a> (1949) was reassembled, after being moved in pieces from its original <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> location. <a href="/wiki/West_Hall_(Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute)" title="West Hall (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)">West Hall</a>, which was originally built in 1869 as a hospital, was acquired by the institute in 1953. The ornate building is an example of <a href="/wiki/Second_Empire_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Empire (architecture)">French Second Empire</a> architecture.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> It was listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1973. Another unique building is the Voorhees Computing Center (VCC). Originally the St. Joseph's Seminary chapel, it was built in 1933 and acquired by Rensselaer in 1958, and after renovation served as the institute's library from 1960 until the completion of the new <a href="/wiki/Folsom_Library" title="Folsom Library">Folsom Library</a>, in 1976.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The Folsom Library, located adjacent to the computing center, has a concrete exterior that was designed to harmonize with the light gray brick of the chapel;<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> architecturally, it is an example of the modern <a href="/wiki/Brutalist_architecture" title="Brutalist architecture">brutalist</a> style.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Subsequently, the university was unsure of what to do with the chapel, or whether to keep it at all, but in 1979 decided to preserve it and renovate it to house computer labs and facilities to support the institute's computing initiatives. Today the VCC serves as the backbone for the institute's data and <a href="/wiki/Telephony" title="Telephony">telephony</a> infrastructure. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_campus,_since_1961">Modern campus, since 1961</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Modern campus, since 1961">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BiotechCenterRPI.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/BiotechCenterRPI.jpg/220px-BiotechCenterRPI.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/BiotechCenterRPI.jpg/330px-BiotechCenterRPI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/BiotechCenterRPI.jpg/440px-BiotechCenterRPI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Biotechnology_and_Interdisciplinary_Studies" title="Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies">Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EMPACTwilight.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/EMPACTwilight.JPG/220px-EMPACTwilight.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/EMPACTwilight.JPG/330px-EMPACTwilight.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/EMPACTwilight.JPG/440px-EMPACTwilight.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3519" data-file-height="2355" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Experimental_Media_and_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center">Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center</a></figcaption></figure> The modern campus features the <a href="/wiki/Jonsson-Rowland_Science_Center" title="Jonsson-Rowland Science Center">Jonsson-Rowland Science Center</a> (J-ROWL) (1961), Materials Research Center (MRC) (1965), Rensselaer Union (1967), Cogswell Laboratory (1971), Darrin Communications Center (DCC) (1973), <a href="/wiki/Jonsson_Engineering_Center" title="Jonsson Engineering Center">Jonsson Engineering Center</a> (JEC) (1977), <a href="/wiki/Low_Center_for_Industrial_Innovation" class="mw-redirect" title="Low Center for Industrial Innovation">Low Center for Industrial Innovation</a> (CII) (1987), a public school building which was converted into Academy Hall (1990), and the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Biotechnology_and_Interdisciplinary_Studies" title="Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies">Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies</a> (2004).<a href="#cite_note-buildings-12">[12]</a> Tunnels connect the Low Center, DCC, JEC and Science Center. A tenth dormitory named Barton Hall was added to Freshman Hill in August 2000, featuring the largest rooms available for freshmen.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> On 3 October 2008, the university celebrated the grand opening of the <a href="/wiki/Experimental_Media_and_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center">Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center</a> (EMPAC) situated on the west edge of campus.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The building was constructed on the precipice of the hill, with the main entrance on top. Upon entering, elevated walkways lead into a 1,200-seat concert hall. Most of the building is encased in a glass exoskeleton, with an <a href="/wiki/Atrium_(architecture)" title="Atrium (architecture)">atrium</a>-like space between it and the "inner building". Adjacent to and underneath the main auditorium there is a 400-seat theater, offices, and two black-box studios with 35-foot (11 m) to 45-foot (14 m) ceilings.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Originally budgeted for $50 million, the EMPAC construction costs ballooned to over $200 million due to difficulty of anchoring the foundation in the soft clay of the hill.<a href="#cite_note-Brunelle-50">[50]</a> In 2008, RPI announced the purchase of the former Rensselaer <a href="/wiki/Best_Western" title="Best Western">Best Western</a> Inn, located at the base of the hill, along with plans to transform it into a new residence hall. After extensive renovations, the residence hall was dedicated on 15 May 2009, as the Howard N. Blitman, P.E. '50 Residence Commons.<a href="#cite_note-bestwestern-51">[51]</a> It houses about 300 students in 148 rooms and includes a fitness center, dining hall, and conference area.<a href="#cite_note-bestwestern-51">[51]</a> The new residence hall is part of a growing initiative to involve students in the Troy community and help revitalize the downtown. RPI owns and operates three office buildings in downtown Troy, the Rice and Heley buildings and the historic <a href="/wiki/W._%26_L.E._Gurley_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="W. & L.E. Gurley Building">W. & L.E. Gurley Building</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> RPI also owns the <a href="/wiki/Proctor%27s_Theater_(Troy,_New_York)" title="Proctor's Theater (Troy, New York)">Proctor's Theater</a> building in Troy, which was purchased in 2004, with the intention of converting it into office space.<a href="#cite_note-RPI_purchase-53">[53]</a> As of 2011, Rensselaer had signed an agreement with Columbia Development Companies to acquire both Proctor's Theatre and Chasan Building in Troy and launch a redevelopment.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-Liz_Young_TU_blog-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gutting_proposal-57">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_campuses_and_online_programs">Other campuses and online programs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other campuses and online programs">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_at_Work" title="Rensselaer at Work">Rensselaer at Work</a></div> The institute ran a 15-acre (6.1 ha) campus in <a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford, Connecticut</a>, and a distance learning center in <a href="/wiki/Groton,_Connecticut" title="Groton, Connecticut">Groton, Connecticut</a>, the latter of which was closed in 2018. The Hartford campus was sold in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> These centers were used by graduates and working professionals and are now managed by the online branch of RPI, <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_at_Work" title="Rensselaer at Work">Rensselaer at Work</a> which offers graduate degrees in business, computer science, and engineering. There are also certificate programs and skills training programs for working professionals. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academics">Academics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Academics">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RPIAcademyHall.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/RPIAcademyHall.JPG/220px-RPIAcademyHall.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/RPIAcademyHall.JPG/330px-RPIAcademyHall.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/RPIAcademyHall.JPG/440px-RPIAcademyHall.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Academy Hall</figcaption></figure> Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has five schools: the School of Architecture, the School of Engineering, the School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, the <a href="/wiki/Lally_School_of_Management_%26_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Lally School of Management & Technology">Lally School of Management & Technology</a>, and the School of Science. The School of Engineering is the largest by enrollment, followed by the School of Science, the School of Management, the School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, and the School of Architecture. There also exists an interdisciplinary program in <a href="/wiki/Information_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Information Technology">Information Technology</a> that began in the late 1990s, programs in prehealth and prelaw, <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps" title="Reserve Officers' Training Corps">Reserve Officers' Training Corps</a> (ROTC) for students desiring commissions as officers in the armed forces, a program in <a href="/wiki/Cooperative_education" title="Cooperative education">cooperative education</a> (Co-Op), and domestic and international exchange programs. Altogether, the university offers over 145 programs in nearly 60 fields that lead to bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. In addition to traditional majors, RPI has around a dozen special interdisciplinary programs, such as Games and Simulation Arts and Sciences (GSAS), Design, Innovation, and Society (DIS), Minds & Machines, and Product Design and Innovation (PDI).<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> RPI is a technology-oriented university; all buildings and residence hall rooms have hard-wired and wireless high speed internet access, and all incoming freshmen have been required to have a laptop computer since 1999.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rensselaer_Plan">Rensselaer Plan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rensselaer Plan">edit</a>]</div> With the arrival of President <a href="/wiki/Shirley_Ann_Jackson" title="Shirley Ann Jackson">Shirley Ann Jackson</a> came the "Rensselaer Plan", announced in 1999. Its goal is to achieve greater prominence for Rensselaer as a technological research university.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Various aspects of the plan include bringing in a larger <a href="/wiki/Graduate_student" class="mw-redirect" title="Graduate student">graduate student</a> population and new research faculty, and increasing participation in undergraduate research, international <a href="/wiki/Student_exchange_program" title="Student exchange program">exchange programs</a>, and "living and learning communities". So far, there have been a number of changes under the plan: new infrastructure such as the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Biotechnology_and_Interdisciplinary_Studies" title="Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies">Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Experimental_Media_and_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center">Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Computational_Center_for_Nanotechnology_Innovations" class="mw-redirect" title="Computational Center for Nanotechnology Innovations">Computational Center for Nanotechnology Innovations</a> (CCNI) have been built to support new programs, and application numbers have increased.<a href="#cite_note-accomplished-62">[62]</a> In 2018, Rensselaer received a record number of applications: 20,337.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Jared_Cohon" title="Jared Cohon">Jared Cohon</a> in 2006, then-president of <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University" title="Carnegie Mellon University">Carnegie Mellon University</a>, "Change at Rensselaer in the last five years has occurred with a scope and swiftness that may be without precedent in the recent history of American higher education."<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> The university set an initial goal of $100 million annually. Fourteen years later, in FY2013, research expenditures reached this goal. To help raise money, the university mounted a $1 billion capital campaign with a public phase that began in September 2004 and was expected to finish by 2008. In 2001, a major milestone of the campaign was the pledging of an unrestricted gift of $360 million by an anonymous donor, believed to be the largest such gift to a U.S. university at the time. The university had been a relative stranger to such generosity as the prior largest single gift was $15 million.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> By September 2006, the $1 billion goal has been exceeded much in part to an in-kind contribution of software commercially valued at $513.95 million by the Partners for the Advancement of Collaborative Engineering Education (PACE).<a href="#cite_note-Rensselaer_Mag_pace-66">[66]</a> In light of this, the board of trustees increased the goal of the $1 billion capital campaign to $1.4 billion by June 30, 2009. The new goal was met by October 1, 2008.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In anticipation of RPI's 200th anniversary, an updated version called the "Rensselaer Plan 2024"<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> was announced in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> In 2016, Jackson announced during the Fall Town Hall Meeting that the institute was in the final stages of organizing a new capital campaign which it would launch in 2017 to meet the goals of the Rensselaer Plan 2024.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> The goal of the campaign was cited as being primarily for the support of financial aid for undergraduate students and the expansion of on-campus research facilities to accommodate planned increases in doctoral and graduate enrollment. The fundraising goal of the capital campaign was $1 billion, with over $400 million raised prior to the campaign going public.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Ambitious spending on the Rensselaer Plan has led the university into financial difficulties, with its credit rating lowered by several agencies.<a href="#cite_note-Brunelle-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Renew_Rensselaer-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faculty">Faculty</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Faculty">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_people#Faculty" class="mw-redirect" title="Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute people">List of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Faculty</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rankings">Rankings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Rankings">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings_in_the_United_States" title="College and university rankings in the United States">Academic rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">National</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/America%27s_Top_Colleges" title="America's Top Colleges">Forbes</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_Forbes_NU-73">[73]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">177</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking">U.S. News & World Report</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_USNWR_NU-74">[74]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">51</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Monthly_college_rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Monthly college rankings">Washington Monthly</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_Wamo_NU-75">[75]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">93</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">WSJ</a>/College Pulse<a href="#cite_note-Rankings_WSJ_NU-76">[76]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">101</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">Global</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_ARWU-77">[77]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">501–600</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_QS_W-78">[78]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">601-610</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_THES_W-79">[79]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">601–800</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Global_Universities_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking">U.S. News & World Report</a><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_USNWR_W-80">[80]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">822</td></tr></tbody></table> For 2021, <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> ranked Rensselaer tied for 53rd among national universities in the U.S., 40th out of 180 for "Best Value" in undergraduate education, and tied for 68th out of the top 83 in "Most Innovative Schools".<a href="#cite_note-USNEWS-81">[81]</a> The same rankings placed Rensselaer's undergraduate engineering program tied at 32nd among schools whose highest degree is a doctorate,<a href="#cite_note-USNEWS-81">[81]</a> and its graduate program is ranked tied for 43rd out of 218 engineering schools.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The Leiden Ranking (2016) placed RPI at 127 among the top 900 world universities and research institutions according to the proportion of the top 1% most frequently cited publications of a university.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> In 2016, <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a> ranked Rensselaer No. 18 among four-year non-vocational colleges and universities and <a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education%E2%80%93QS_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education–QS World University Rankings">Times Higher Education–QS World University Rankings</a> placed Rensselaer among the top 50 universities for technology in the world.<a href="#cite_note-Our_First_Ever_College_Rankings-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-timeshighered-85">[85]</a> In 2016, Rensselaer was listed among the top ten universities for highest median earnings.<a href="#cite_note-Our_First_Ever_College_Rankings-84">[84]</a> Civil liberties organization <a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Individual_Rights_in_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation for Individual Rights in Education">FIRE</a> gave RPI its 2020 "Lifetime Censorship Award" "For its unashamed, years-long record of censoring its critics and utter disinterest in protecting students’ rights".<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electrical_and_Computer_Systems_Engineering_at_RPI">Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering at RPI</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering at RPI">edit</a>]</div> One of the major departments at RPI is the ECSE department, or Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering department. The department offers students the ability to gain bachelors, masters, and doctoral degrees in <a href="/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering">Electrical Engineering</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Computer_engineering" title="Computer engineering">Computer Systems Engineering</a>. While the school itself was founded in 1824, Electrical Engineering was first introduced to Rensselaer Polytechnic in 1907<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> with the class of 1911, long before the invention of the first computers but twenty-eight years after the invention of the lightbulb. The department was listed as Physics and Electrical Engineering in 1924 while under President <a href="/wiki/Palmer_C._Ricketts" title="Palmer C. Ricketts">Palmer Ricketts</a>. Computer system engineering was added later. Today Computer Systems Engineering and Electrical Engineering are in many ways similar, with many of the core classes being shared between the two. Electrical Engineering, however tends to focus more on hardware, while computer systems engineering tends to focus on algorithms and systems. Many students take dual majors, the common ones being Electrical Engineering and Computer Systems Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Mechanic Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics, and Computer Systems Engineering and Computer Science. Many students in the ECSE department often do minors in other fields such as <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a> or <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychology</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> The ECSE department currently does research in the areas of information science and systems, communication and network, control and autonomy, energy and power systems, electronics and photonics, and computer systems design.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Notable alumni from the ECSE department include James A. Parsons, <a href="/wiki/B._Jayant_Baliga" title="B. Jayant Baliga">B. Jayant Baliga</a>, Alan Borck, founder of RLC Electronics, Bruce Carlson, Mukesh Chatter, <a href="/wiki/Allen_B._DuMont" title="Allen B. DuMont">Allen B. Du Mont</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nariman_Farvardin" title="Nariman Farvardin">Nariman Farvardin</a>, Peter Hart, inventor of the A* search algorithm, <a href="/wiki/Hermann_A._Haus" title="Hermann A. Haus">Herman A. Haus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcian_Hoff" title="Marcian Hoff">Marcian E. Hoff</a>, creator of the microprocessor, Doug Mercer, who was influential in the field of analog to digital converters, <a href="/wiki/Sean_O%27Sullivan_(engineer)" title="Sean O'Sullivan (engineer)">Sean O’Sullivan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Curtis_Priem" title="Curtis Priem">Curtis P. Priem</a>, founder of <a href="/wiki/Nvidia" title="Nvidia">NVIDIA</a>, George Saridis, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Sasson" title="Steven Sasson">Steven J. Sassoon</a>, inventor of digital camera, <a href="/wiki/Chauncey_Starr" title="Chauncey Starr">Chauncey Starr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Tomlinson" title="Ray Tomlinson">Raymond S. Tomlinson</a>, inventor of <a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">e-mail</a>, and Eitan Yudilevich.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_and_development">Research and development</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Research and development">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible">This section has multiple issues. 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Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit">improve it</a> by removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam" title="Wikipedia:Spam">promotional language</a> and inappropriate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, and by adding encyclopedic text written from a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral point of view</a>. (February 2021) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Primary_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a>. 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Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%22">"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (February 2021) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LowCenterRPI.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/LowCenterRPI.JPG/220px-LowCenterRPI.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/LowCenterRPI.JPG/330px-LowCenterRPI.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/LowCenterRPI.JPG/440px-LowCenterRPI.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Low_Center_for_Industrial_Innovation" class="mw-redirect" title="Low Center for Industrial Innovation">Low Center for Industrial Innovation</a>, northeast hub of the <a href="/wiki/National_Network_for_Manufacturing_Innovation" class="mw-redirect" title="National Network for Manufacturing Innovation">Smart Manufacturing Innovation Institute</a></figcaption></figure> Rensselaer is <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Classification_of_Institutions_of_Higher_Education" title="Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education">classified</a> among "<a href="/wiki/List_of_research_universities_in_the_United_States#Universities_classified_as_"R1:_Doctoral_Universities_–_Very_high_research_activity"" title="List of research universities in the United States">R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity"</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Rensselaer has established six areas of research as institute priorities: <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Energy_security" title="Energy security">energy and the environment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanotechnology" title="Nanotechnology">nanotechnology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Information Technology">computation and information technology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Media_studies" title="Media studies">media and the arts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Research is organized under the Office of the Vice President for Research, <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Dordick" title="Jonathan Dordick">Jonathan Dordick</a>.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> In 2018, Rensselaer operated 34 research centers and maintained annual sponsored research expenditures of $100.8 million.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Biotech_Center_RPI.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Biotech_Center_RPI.jpg/220px-Biotech_Center_RPI.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Biotech_Center_RPI.jpg/330px-Biotech_Center_RPI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Biotech_Center_RPI.jpg/440px-Biotech_Center_RPI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Biotechnology_and_Interdisciplinary_Studies" title="Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies">Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies</a></figcaption></figure> One of the most recent of Rensselaer's research centers is the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Biotechnology_and_Interdisciplinary_Studies" title="Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies">Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies</a>, a 218,000 square-foot research facility for fundamental and applied research in <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>. The primary target of the research center is biologics, a research priority based on data-driven understanding of <a href="/wiki/Proteomics" title="Proteomics">proteomics</a>, protein regulation, and gene regulation. It involves using <a href="/wiki/Biocatalysis" title="Biocatalysis">biocatalysis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Synthetic_biology" title="Synthetic biology">synthetic biology</a> tools to block or supplement the actions of specific cells or proteins in the immune system. Over the past decade, CBIS has produced over 2,000 peer-reviewed publications with over 30,000 citations and currently employs over 200 scientists and engineers. The center is used primarily to train undergraduate and graduate students, with over 1,000 undergraduates and 200 doctoral students trained.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> The center has numerous academic and industry partners, including the <a href="/wiki/Icahn_School_of_Medicine_at_Mount_Sinai" title="Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai">Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai</a>. These partnerships have resulted in numerous advances over the last decade through new commercial developments in diagnostics, therapeutics, medical devices, and regenerative medicine which are a direct result of research at the center. Examples of advancements include the creation of synthetic <a href="/wiki/Heparin" title="Heparin">heparin</a>, antimicrobial coatings, detoxification <a href="/wiki/Chemotherapy" title="Chemotherapy">chemotherapy</a>, on-demand <a href="/wiki/Biomedicine" title="Biomedicine">biomedicine</a>, implantable sensors, and 3D cellular array chips.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_Blue_Gene_P_supercomputer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/IBM_Blue_Gene_P_supercomputer.jpg/220px-IBM_Blue_Gene_P_supercomputer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/IBM_Blue_Gene_P_supercomputer.jpg/330px-IBM_Blue_Gene_P_supercomputer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/IBM_Blue_Gene_P_supercomputer.jpg/440px-IBM_Blue_Gene_P_supercomputer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1391" /></a><figcaption>A Blue Gene/P <a href="/wiki/Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">supercomputer</a> similar to Rensselaer's <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Computational_Innovations" title="Center for Computational Innovations">Center for Computational Innovations</a></figcaption></figure> Rensselaer also hosts the <a href="/wiki/Tetherless_World_Constellation" title="Tetherless World Constellation">Tetherless World Constellation</a>, a multidisciplinary research institution focused on theories, methods, and applications of the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a>. Research is carried out in three inter-connected themes: Future Web, Semantic Foundations and Xinformatics. At Rensselaer, a constellation is a multidisciplinary team composed of senior and junior faculty members, research scientists, and postdoctoral, graduate, and undergraduate students. The faculty experts for the TWC constellation are <a href="/wiki/James_Hendler" title="James Hendler">James Hendler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deborah_McGuinness" title="Deborah McGuinness">Deborah McGuinness</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Fox_(professor)" title="Peter Fox (professor)">Peter Fox</a>. Faculty alumni of TWC includes <a href="/wiki/Heng_Ji" title="Heng Ji">Heng Ji</a> (<a href="/wiki/Natural_Language_Processing" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural Language Processing">Natural Language Processing</a>). In 2016, the Constellation received a one million dollar grant from the <a href="/wiki/Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation">Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation</a> for continuing work on a novel data visualization platform that will harness and accelerate the analysis of vast amounts of data for the foundation's Healthy Birth, Growth, and Development Knowledge Integration initiative.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> In conjunction with the constellation, Rensselaer operates the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Computational_Innovations" title="Center for Computational Innovations">Center for Computational Innovations</a> which is the result of a $100 million collaboration between Rensselaer, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, and <a href="/wiki/New_York_State" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State">New York State</a> to further nanotechnology innovations. The center is currently home to the most powerful private-university based <a href="/wiki/Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">supercomputer</a> in the world and its supercomputer is consistently ranked among the most powerful in the world, capable of performing over 1.1 <a href="/wiki/Peta-" class="mw-redirect" title="Peta-">peta-</a><a href="/wiki/FLOPS" class="mw-redirect" title="FLOPS">FLOPS</a>. The center's main focus is on reducing the cost associated with the development of <a href="/wiki/Nanoscale" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanoscale">nanoscale</a> materials and devices, such as those used in the <a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">semiconductor</a> industry. The university also utilizes the center for <a href="/wiki/Interdisciplinarity" title="Interdisciplinarity">interdisciplinary</a> research in <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a>, and other fields.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> Rensselaer operates a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_reactor" title="Nuclear reactor">nuclear reactor</a> and testing facility–the only university-run reactor in New York State–as well as the Gaerttner <a href="/wiki/Linear_Accelerator" class="mw-redirect" title="Linear Accelerator">Linear Accelerator</a>, which is currently being upgraded under a $9.44 million grant from the <a href="/wiki/US_Department_of_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="US Department of Energy">US Department of Energy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> In 2024, Rensselaer, in partnership with <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, unveiled a new <a href="/wiki/Quantum_computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Quantum computer">quantum computer</a> on campus, aiming to further quantum computer research for both the university and the New York State area.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Starting December 15th, 2024, Rensselaer unveiled their new intellectual property policy,<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> which granted more freedoms to undergraduates and researchers who use Rensselaer facilities to retain ownership of their work. This came after professor Chulsung Bae sued the school, citing that they licensed his patents to another business.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Student life">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RPIStudentUnion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/RPIStudentUnion.jpg/260px-RPIStudentUnion.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/RPIStudentUnion.jpg/390px-RPIStudentUnion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/RPIStudentUnion.jpg/520px-RPIStudentUnion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6884" data-file-height="2906" /></a><figcaption>Student Union</figcaption></figure> The students of RPI have created and participate in a variety of clubs and organizations funded by the Student Union. About 170 of these organizations are funded by the Student Union, while another thirty, which consist mostly of political and religious organizations, are self-supporting.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> In 2006 the <a href="/wiki/The_Princeton_Review" title="The Princeton Review">Princeton Review</a> ranked RPI second for "more to do on campus."<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The Union was the last entirely student-run union at a private university in the United States until September 2017.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Student_organizations">Student organizations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Student organizations">edit</a>]</div> Phalanx is RPI's Senior Honor Society.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> It was founded in 1912, when Edward Dion and the Student Council organized a society to recognize those RPI students who had distinguished themselves among their peers in the areas of leadership, service and devotion to the <a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">alma mater</a>. It is a fellowship of the most active in student activities and has inducted more than 1,500 members since its founding.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> RPI has around twenty <a href="/wiki/Intramural_sports" title="Intramural sports">intramural</a> sports organizations, many of which are broken down into different divisions based on level of play. Greek organizations compete in them as well as independent athletes. There are also thirty-nine club sports. Given the university's proximity to the <a href="/wiki/Berkshires" title="Berkshires">Berkshires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_Mountains" title="Green Mountains">Green Mountains</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adirondack_Mountains" title="Adirondack Mountains">Adirondacks</a>, the Ski Club and the Outing Club are some of the largest groups on campus. The Ski Club offers weekly trips to local ski areas during the winter months,<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> while the Outing Club offers trips on a weekly basis for a variety of activities.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Rensselaer_Polytechnic" title="The Rensselaer Polytechnic">The Rensselaer Polytechnic</a> is the student-run weekly newspaper.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> The Poly printed about 7,000 copies each week and distributed them around campus until 2018 when the newspaper switched to online-only distribution due to budget concerns. Although it is the Union club with the largest budget,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The Poly receives no subsidy from the Union and obtains all funding through the sale of advertisements. There is also a popular student-run magazine called Statler & Waldorf which prints on a semesterly basis.<a href="#cite_note-SW-112">[112]</a> RPI has an improvisational comedy group, Sheer Idiocy, which performs several shows a semester.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> There are also several music groups ranging from <a href="/wiki/A_cappella" title="A cappella">a cappella</a> groups such as the rusty pipes, Partial Credit, the Rensselyrics and Duly Noted,<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> to several instrumental groups such as the orchestra, the jazz band and a classical choral group, the Rensselaer Concert Choir. Another notable organization on campus is <a href="/wiki/WRPI" title="WRPI">WRPI</a>, the campus radio station. WRPI differs from most <a href="/wiki/College_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="College radio">college radio</a> in that it serves a 75-mile (121 km) radius<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> including the greater <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a> area. With 10 kW of broadcasting power, WRPI maintains a stronger signal than nearly all college radio stations and some commercial stations. WRPI currently broadcasts on 91.5 FM in the Albany area. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RPIPlayhouse2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/RPIPlayhouse2.jpg/220px-RPIPlayhouse2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/RPIPlayhouse2.jpg/330px-RPIPlayhouse2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/RPIPlayhouse2.jpg/440px-RPIPlayhouse2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3228" data-file-height="2164" /></a><figcaption>The RPI Playhouse</figcaption></figure> The RPI Players is an on‑campus theater group that was formed in 1929. The Players resided in the Old Gym until 1965 when they moved to their present location at the 15th Street Lounge. This distinctive red shingled building had been a USO hall for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a> before being purchased by RPI. The Players have staged over 300 productions in its history.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="RPI_songs">RPI songs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: RPI songs">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/RPI_songs" class="mw-redirect" title="RPI songs">RPI songs</a></div> There are a number of songs commonly played and sung at RPI events.<a href="#cite_note-songs-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-stutt_songs-118">[118]</a> Notable among them are: <ul><li>"The Alma Mater (Here's to Old RPI)" – sung at formal events such as <a href="/wiki/Graduation" title="Graduation">commencement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Convocation" title="Convocation">convocation</a>, also played and sung by the <a href="/wiki/Pep_band" title="Pep band">Pep Band</a> at hockey and football games, and played daily at noon by the quadrangle bell tower. It was published in the first book of Songs of Rensselaer printed in 1913.</li> <li>"Hail, Dear Old Rensselaer" – used to be the <a href="/wiki/Fight_song" title="Fight song">fight song</a> during the 1960s. It is still played today by the Pep Band at athletic events.</li> <li>"All We've Learned at Rensselaer" – sung at the RPI commencement ceremonies by the Rensselyrics. Although the Rensselyrics are an <a href="/wiki/A_cappella" title="A cappella">a cappella</a> group, this song is accompanied by piano. Each verse or section has a different musical style, several of which are closely based on <a href="/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a> songs or other popular songs.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_Year_Experience_and_CLASS_programs">First Year Experience and CLASS programs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: First Year Experience and CLASS programs">edit</a>]</div> Another notable aspect of student life at RPI is the "<a href="/wiki/First-Year_Experience" class="mw-redirect" title="First-Year Experience">First-Year Experience</a>" (FYE) program. Freshman begin their stay at RPI with a week called "Navigating Rensselaer and Beyond" or NRB week. The Office of the First-Year Experience provides several programs that extend to not only freshman, but to all students. These include family weekend, community service days, the Information and Personal Assistance Center (IPAC), and the Community Advocate Program.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> The FYE program was awarded the 2006 <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Student_Personnel_Administrators" title="National Association of Student Personnel Administrators">NASPA</a> Excellence Gold Award, in the category of "Enrollment Management, Orientation, Parents, First-Year, Other-Year and related".<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Starting in 2008, the Division of Student Life updated the structure of its residential college model based upon the concept of "Clustered Learning Advocacy and Support for Students" (CLASS), which included a planned requirement for all sophomores to <a href="/wiki/Dormitory" title="Dormitory">live on campus</a> and to live with special "residence cluster deans".<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> The transition to this program began in early 2010 among some resistance from some fraternities and students who had planned to live off campus.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NROTC">NROTC</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: NROTC">edit</a>]</div> RPI <a href="/wiki/Naval_Reserve_Officers_Training_Corps" title="Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps">Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps</a> is an officer accession program hosted at RPI with the goal of developing <a href="/wiki/Midshipmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Midshipmen">Midshipmen</a> into commissioned officers into the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a>. The unit consists of students from RPI as well as <a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College">Union College</a>. The program was officially started at RPI in September 1941, just a few months before the US involvement in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">WWII</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-124">[124]</a> RPI NROTC was part of the <a href="/wiki/V-12_Navy_College_Training_Program" title="V-12 Navy College Training Program">V-12 training program</a> that was aimed at increasing the number of total commissioned officers during WWII. It focused on developing officers for the military specializing in technical degrees such as <a href="/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Foreign_language" title="Foreign language">foreign languages</a>. The RPI class of 1945 had a large majority of its student body in the NROTC program with around 70% of the 932 students.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Since 1926, over 75 Naval Officers have attained flag officer rank with a degree from RPI. Besides the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy" title="United States Naval Academy">US Naval Academy</a>, this is the largest number of flag officers produced from one single institute. RPI NROTC is home to several notable alumni including NASA Astronaut <a href="/wiki/Gregory_R._Wiseman" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory R. Wiseman">CDR Reid Wiseman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Combs" title="Lewis Combs">RDML Lewis Combs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-124">[124]</a> RDML Combs is the founder of the Navy Construction Battalion, commonly referred to as the "<a href="/wiki/Seabee" title="Seabee">Seabees</a>," which plays a crucial role in creating forward deployed bases as well as <a href="/wiki/Humanitarianism" title="Humanitarianism">humanitarian</a> efforts to bring fresh water to underdeveloped communities. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grand_Marshal_and_President_of_the_Union">Grand Marshal and President of the Union</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Grand Marshal and President of the Union">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Grand_Marshal_(RPI)" title="Grand Marshal (RPI)">Grand Marshal (RPI)</a></div> The positions of <a href="/wiki/Grand_Marshal_(RPI)" title="Grand Marshal (RPI)">Grand Marshal</a> and President of the Union at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute are typically awarded (by student vote) to the students who are respected by the student body and are represented by a top hat and a derby hat respectively. While Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has had the position of Grand Marshal (GM) since 1865, the position of President of the Union did not come about until 1890 when the union was developed. However, between 1890 and 1894, there was only a President of the Union, no Grand Marshal. Starting with the 1894–1895 school year, the President of the Union and Grand Marshal ran side by side. The week of voting for said positions is called GM Week, and typically has events on campus for students to do to promote the voting. The Grand Marshal position is elected by the student body (typically in the spring) and is the highest position a student can hold at RPI. The GM plays a big role in the student government by doing projects, appointing officers, and aiding the general campus community.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> The first GM was Albert M. Harper, and the current GM as of 2024–2025 is Vivian Rost-Nasshan (158th).<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-127">[127]</a> The President of the Union is elected by the student body (typically in the spring). Their main responsibility is to appoint an executive board of 15–20 students (responsible for the Rensselaer Union's budget). The executive board is the chief financial body of the Rensselaer Union. They are responsible for preparing and approving the budget for the following fiscal year, keeping track of and distributing union funds, and managing the business affairs with other facilities. In addition to appointing the executive board, they also work closely with the union's staff, athletics staff, and student clubs.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The first PU was W.C.H. Slagle, and the current as of 2024-2025 is Catherine Philipps (135th).<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-127">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greek_life">Greek life</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Greek life">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_RPI_fraternities_and_sororities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of RPI fraternities and sororities">List of RPI fraternities and sororities</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theta_Chi_Phi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Theta_Chi_Phi.jpg/220px-Theta_Chi_Phi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Theta_Chi_Phi.jpg/330px-Theta_Chi_Phi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Theta_Chi_Phi.jpg/440px-Theta_Chi_Phi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="849" data-file-height="557" /></a><figcaption>The Theta Chapter of <a href="/wiki/Chi_Phi" title="Chi Phi">Chi Phi</a> at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers_clubhouse_(rear_view).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers_clubhouse_%28rear_view%29.jpg/220px-Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers_clubhouse_%28rear_view%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers_clubhouse_%28rear_view%29.jpg/330px-Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers_clubhouse_%28rear_view%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers_clubhouse_%28rear_view%29.jpg/440px-Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers_clubhouse_%28rear_view%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="452" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers" title="Rensselaer Society of Engineers">RSE</a> Clubhouse from the South Side near the "Freshman Hill" dorms</figcaption></figure> Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has an extensive history of Greek community involvement on campus, including past presidents, honorary academic building dedications, and <a href="/wiki/Philanthropy" title="Philanthropy">philanthropic</a> achievements. The overall Greek system at Rensselaer stresses Leadership, Fortitude, Innovation, and Evolution. RPI currently has 29 active fraternities as well as 6 sororities, with 32 percent involvement of all males and 18 percent involvement of all females, organized under the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Interfraternity_Conference" title="North American Interfraternity Conference">Interfraternal Council</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Panhellenic_Conference" title="National Panhellenic Conference">Panhellenic Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> Of those Greek organizations, three were founded at Rensselaer including the <a href="/wiki/Theta_Xi" title="Theta Xi">Theta Xi</a> national engineering fraternity, the <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta" title="Sigma Delta">Sigma Delta</a> Hispanic-interest local sorority, and the <a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Society_of_Engineers" title="Rensselaer Society of Engineers">Rensselaer Society of Engineers</a> local engineering fraternity. Theta Xi fraternity was established by RPI students on 29 April 1864, the only national fraternity founded during the Civil War. The <a href="/wiki/Theta_Xi_Fraternity_Chapter_House" title="Theta Xi Fraternity Chapter House">Theta Xi Fraternity Chapter House</a> is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Additionally, Rensselaer is home to the <a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Eta" title="Epsilon Eta">Epsilon Zeta</a> chapter of the <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Omega" title="Alpha Phi Omega">Alpha Phi Omega</a>, or "APO," national service fraternity, which operates a test-bank and office at the top floor of the Student Union. The organization also hosts a campus lost & found, universal can tab collection, and a public 3D printing service. In 2017, <a href="/wiki/Chi_Phi" title="Chi Phi">Chi Phi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theta_Chi" title="Theta Chi">Theta Chi</a> at Rensselaer co-hosted an event called "Brave A Shave For Kids With Cancer," along with several other Greek organizations - raising over $22,000 for pediatric cancer research with dozens of participants shaving their heads to spread awareness of pediatric cancers. Many fraternities and sororities also engage in <a href="/wiki/Adopt-a-Highway" title="Adopt-a-Highway">Adopt-a-Highway</a> and host events in the local community.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Since its inception, all members of Greek Life have also participated in Navigating Rensselaer & Beyond - RPI's official continuation of student orientation through hosting annual events open to all students such as Beach Day/Hike with Greek Life, a day of hiking and team building activities for incoming freshmen, and Saratoga Therapeutic Equine Program, a day of service focused on horse rehabilitation programs. Greek Life organizations also operate Greek-affiliated groups including the Alumni Inter-Greek Council, Greek Greeks - a student-run venture which aims to promote sustainability and safe environmental practices in Greek chapter houses, Greek Spectrum - an <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBTQIA</a> support and advocacy group, and the undergraduate Greek leadership society <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Omega" title="Order of Omega">Order of Omega</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_body">Student body</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Student body">edit</a>]</div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:608px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:RPIQuad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rensselaer's Quadrangle dormitory on the central campus"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/RPIQuad.jpg/600px-RPIQuad.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/RPIQuad.jpg/900px-RPIQuad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/RPIQuad.jpg/1200px-RPIQuad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7887" data-file-height="2537" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:RPIQuad.jpg" title="File:RPIQuad.jpg"> </a></div>Rensselaer's Quadrangle dormitory on the central campus</div></div></div> In 2018, Rensselaer's enrollment was 7,442 total resident students, including 6,590 undergraduate and 1,329 graduate.<a href="#cite_note-President's_Report_2018-131">[131]</a> Over 71% of Rensselaer's students are from out of state. More than 20% of students are international. Rensselaer students represent all 50 U.S. states and over 60 countries. The undergraduate student to faculty ratio is 13:1. Among the class of 2020, 66% are in the top 5 percent of their high school class, 93% in the top quarter, and 99% in the top half. The average unweighted high school GPA for enrolled students was 3.88 on a 4.0 scale, with 65% having a 3.75 GPA or higher and 99% having at least a 3.0.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Rensselaer's yield rate for the Class of 2021 surpassed 20 percent in the year 2018 with over 20,000 applications received by Rensselaer's Office of Admissions.<a href="#cite_note-President's_Report_2016-133">[133]</a> The average SAT score range was 1330–1500 for the mid-50% range with a median SAT score of 1420 on a scale of 1600. The average ACT score range was 29–33 for the mid-50% range with a median ACT score of 31.<a href="#cite_note-Facts_&_Figures-134">[134]</a> In 2016, Rensselaer's freshman retention rate was 94% and admissions selectivity rating was 35th in the nation according to <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a>. Since 2000, undergraduate enrollment grew by over 1,700 students, from 4,867 to 6,590 during calendar year 2018, and the full-time graduate enrollment declined from 1500 to 1,188.<a href="#cite_note-Renew_Rensselaer-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-Renew_Rensselaer_rev-135">[135]</a> Roughly 12% of students received the Rensselaer medal, a merit scholarship with a cumulative value of $100,000 for exceptional high school students in science and mathematics.<a href="#cite_note-Facts_&_Figures-134">[134]</a> 95% of full-time domestic undergraduate students receive either need-based or merit-based <a href="/wiki/Student_financial_aid" title="Student financial aid">financial aid</a>, averaging 85% of total financial need met per student.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-financial_aid-137">[137]</a> In 2018, Rensselaer invested over $140 million in financial aid and scholarships for students.<a href="#cite_note-financial_aid-137">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gender_ratio">Gender ratio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Gender ratio">edit</a>]</div> RPI became coeducational in 1942. In 1966, the male-to-female ratio was 19:1, in the 1980s it reached as low as 8:1, and in the early 1990s the ratio was around 5:1. In 2009, RPI had a ratio of 2.5:1 (72% male / 28% female),<a href="#cite_note-Common_Data_Set-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> In 2016, the ratio for the incoming freshman class had fallen to 2.1:1 (68% male / 32% female), the lowest in the history of the institute.<a href="#cite_note-Inside_Rensselaer_Magazine-140">[140]</a> In the fall of 2016, more than 1,000 women enrolled in Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's undergraduate engineering programs for the first time in its history. These women represented 30 percent of the student body in engineering at the university, and 32 percent of the university's total gender composition. Shekhar Garde, Rensselaer's dean of engineering, claims he wants to increase the female composition of the institute to 50 percent before 2030.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Athletics">Athletics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Athletics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers" title="RPI Engineers">RPI Engineers</a>, <a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers men's ice hockey">RPI Engineers men's ice hockey</a>, and <a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers women's ice hockey">RPI Engineers women's ice hockey</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RPI_Engineers.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/RPI_Engineers.svg/150px-RPI_Engineers.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/RPI_Engineers.svg/225px-RPI_Engineers.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/RPI_Engineers.svg/300px-RPI_Engineers.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="141" /></a><figcaption>Official athletics logo</figcaption></figure> The RPI Engineers are the athletic teams for the university. RPI currently sponsors 23 sports, 21 of which compete at the <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_III" title="NCAA Division III">NCAA Division III</a> level in the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_League" title="Liberty League">Liberty League</a>; men's and women's <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a> compete at the <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">Division I</a> level in <a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey" title="ECAC Hockey">ECAC Hockey</a>. The official nickname of some of the school's Division III teams was changed in 1995 from the Engineers to the Red Hawks. However, the hockey, football, cross-country, tennis and track and field teams all chose to retain the Engineers name. The Red Hawks name was, at the time, very unpopular among the student body; a Red Hawk mascot was frequently taunted with thrown concessions and chants of "kill the chicken!". In 2009 the nickname for all teams has since been changed back to Engineers. In contrast, the official ice hockey mascot, known as <a href="/wiki/Puck_man" class="mw-redirect" title="Puck man">Puckman</a>, has always been very popular. Puckman is an <a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphism" title="Anthropomorphism">anthropomorphic</a> hockey puck with an engineer's helmet. During the 1970s and 1980s, one RPI cheer was: <dl><dd>E to the x, dy/dx, E to the x, dx</dd> <dd>Cosine, secant, tangent, sine</dd> <dd>3.14159</dd> <dd>Square root, cube root, log of pi</dd> <dd>Disintegrate them, RPI!<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ice_hockey_(men's)">Ice hockey (men's)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Ice hockey (men's)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers men's ice hockey">RPI Engineers men's ice hockey</a></div> RPI has a competitive Division I <a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers men's ice hockey">hockey team</a> who won <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a> national titles in 1954 and 1985. Depending on how the rules are interpreted, the RPI men's ice hockey team may have the longest winning streak on record for a Division I team; in the 1984–85 season it was undefeated for 30 games, but one game was against the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a>, a non-NCAA team. Continuing into the 1985–86 season, RPI continued undefeated over 38 games, including two wins over Toronto.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> The streak ended at <a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston University</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Boston_University_Terriers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Boston University Terriers men's ice hockey">Terriers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adam_Oates" title="Adam Oates">Adam Oates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Daren_Puppa" title="Daren Puppa">Daren Puppa</a>, two players during that time, both went on to become stars in the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">NHL</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A9_Juneau" title="Joé Juneau">Joé Juneau</a>, who played from 1987 to 1991, and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Pothier" title="Brian Pothier">Brian Pothier</a>, who played from 1996 to 2000, also spent many years in the NHL. <a href="/wiki/Graeme_Townshend" title="Graeme Townshend">Graeme Townshend</a>, who also played in the late 1980s, had a brief NHL career. He is the first man of <a href="/wiki/Jamaicans" title="Jamaicans">Jamaican</a> ancestry to play in the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>. The ice hockey team plays a significant role in the campus's culture, drawing thousands of fans each week to the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Field_House" title="Houston Field House">Houston Field House</a> during the season. The team's popularity even sparked the tradition of the hockey line, where students lined up for season tickets months in advance of the on-sale date. Today, the line generally begins a week or more before ticket sales.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> Another tradition since 1978 has been the "Big Red Freakout!" game held close to the first weekend of February. Fans usually dress in the school's colors red (cherry) and white, and gifts such as T-shirts are distributed en masse. In ice hockey, the RPI's biggest rival has always been the upstate engineering school <a href="/wiki/Clarkson_University" title="Clarkson University">Clarkson University</a>. In recent years RPI has also developed a spirited rivalry with their conference travel partner <a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College">Union College</a>, with whom they annually play a nonconference game in <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a> for the Mayor's Cup. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ice_hockey_(women's)">Ice hockey (women's)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Ice hockey (women's)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers women's ice hockey">RPI Engineers women's ice hockey</a></div> The women's ice hockey team moved to the NCAA Division I level in 2005. During the 2008–09 season the team set the record for most wins in one season (19-14-4). On 28 February 2010, Rensselaer made NCAA history. The Engineers beat <a href="/wiki/Quinnipiac_Bobcats_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Quinnipiac Bobcats women's ice hockey">Quinnipiac</a>, 2–1, but it took five overtimes. It is now the longest game in <a href="/wiki/NCAA_women%27s_ice_hockey_tournament" title="NCAA women's ice hockey tournament">NCAA Women's Ice Hockey</a> history. Senior defenseman Laura Gersten had the game-winning goal. She registered it at 4:32 of the fifth overtime session to not only clinch the win, but the series victory.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lacrosse_at_the_Olympics,_London,_1948._(7649951098).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lacrosse_at_the_Olympics%2C_London%2C_1948._%287649951098%29.jpg/220px-Lacrosse_at_the_Olympics%2C_London%2C_1948._%287649951098%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lacrosse_at_the_Olympics%2C_London%2C_1948._%287649951098%29.jpg/330px-Lacrosse_at_the_Olympics%2C_London%2C_1948._%287649951098%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Lacrosse_at_the_Olympics%2C_London%2C_1948._%287649951098%29.jpg/440px-Lacrosse_at_the_Olympics%2C_London%2C_1948._%287649951098%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1531" /></a><figcaption>RPI's lacrosse team in a <a href="/wiki/Demonstration_sport" title="Demonstration sport">demonstration game</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1948_Summer_Olympics" title="1948 Summer Olympics">1948 London Olympics</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lacrosse_(men's)">Lacrosse (men's)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Lacrosse (men's)">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">lacrosse</a> team represented the United States in the <a href="/wiki/Lacrosse_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="Lacrosse at the 1948 Summer Olympics">1948 Olympics</a> in London. It won the <a href="/wiki/Wingate_Memorial_Trophy" title="Wingate Memorial Trophy">Wingate Memorial Trophy</a> as national collegiate champions in 1952.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> Future <a href="/wiki/NHL" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL">NHL</a> head coach <a href="/wiki/Ned_Harkness" title="Ned Harkness">Ned Harkness</a> coached the lacrosse and ice hockey teams, winning national championships in both sports. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baseball">Baseball</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Baseball">edit</a>]</div> The Engineers baseball squad is perennially atop the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_League" title="Liberty League">Liberty League</a> standings and has seen 8 players move on to the professional ranks, including 4 players selected in the <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">MLB</a> draft. The team is coached by Jason Falcon. The Engineers play their home games at the historic Robison Field. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_football">American football</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: American football">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union_in_the_United_States" title="Rugby union in the United States">American rugby</a> was played on campus in the late 1870s. <a href="/wiki/Intercollegiate_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Intercollegiate football">Intercollegiate football</a> begin as late as 1886 when an RPI team first played a <a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College">Union College</a> team on a leased field in West Troy (<a href="/wiki/Watervliet,_New_York" title="Watervliet, New York">Watervliet</a>). Since 1903, RPI and nearby Union have been rivals in football, making it the oldest such rivalry in the state. The teams have played for the <a href="/wiki/Dutchman%27s_Shoes" title="Dutchman's Shoes">Dutchman's Shoes</a> since 1950. RPI Football had their most successful season in 2003, when they finished 11–2 and lost to <a href="/wiki/College_of_Saint_Benedict_and_Saint_John%27s_University" title="College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University">St. Johns</a> (Minn.) in the NCAA Division III semifinal game.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Athletic_facilities">Athletic facilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Athletic facilities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Houston_Field_House" title="Houston Field House">Houston Field House</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RPIHoustonFieldHouse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/RPIHoustonFieldHouse.jpg/220px-RPIHoustonFieldHouse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/RPIHoustonFieldHouse.jpg/330px-RPIHoustonFieldHouse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/RPIHoustonFieldHouse.jpg/440px-RPIHoustonFieldHouse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Houston Field House</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Houston_Field_House" title="Houston Field House">Houston Field House</a> is a 4,780‑seat multi-purpose arena located on the RPI campus. It opened in 1949 and is home to the RPI Engineers men's and women's ice hockey teams. The Field House was renovated starting in 2007 as part of the major campus improvement project to build the East Campus Athletic Village. The renovations included locker rooms upgrades, addition of a new weight room, and a new special reception room dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Ned_Harkness" title="Ned Harkness">Ned Harkness</a>.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Additionally, as part of the renovations through a government grant, <a href="/wiki/Solar_panel" title="Solar panel">solar panels</a> were installed on the roof to supply power to the building. As part of the Rensselaer Plan, the institute recently completed a major project to improve its athletic facilities with the East Campus Athletic Village. The plan included construction of a new and much larger 4,842‑seat football stadium, a basketball arena with seating for 1,200, a new 50-meter pool, an indoor track and field complex, new tennis courts, new weight rooms and a new sports medicine center.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> The institute broke ground on 26 August 2007, and construction of the first phase is expected to last two years.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> The estimated cost of the project is $78 million for phase one and $35–$45 million for phase two.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> Since the completion of the new stadium, the bleachers on the Class of '86 football field on the central campus have been removed and the field has become an open space. In the future the new space could be used for expansions of the academic buildings, but for now members of the campus planning team foresee a "historic landscape with different paths and access ways for students and vehicles alike".<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_women">History of women</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: History of women">edit</a>]</div> Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has historically been a male dominated institute. The first woman to apply to RPI applied in 1873, and her name was Elizabeth R. Bruswell. However, she did not attend as she was the only female to apply, and it was suggested that she would not be accepted as it would not be comfortable for her as the only woman on campus. For many years afterwards, the school continued to only allow admission to men. It wasn't until 1942 that women were welcome to enroll in classes at Rensselaer. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_women">First women</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: First women">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Students">Students</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Students">edit</a>]</div> Camilla (Trent) Cluett (Architecture), Elizabeth English (Biology), Helen Ketchum (Architecture), <a href="/wiki/Lois_Graham" title="Lois Graham">Lois Graham</a> (Mechanical Engineering), and Mary Ellen Rathbun (Metallurgical Engineering) were the first women to enroll in 1942. Lois Graham and Mary Ellen Rathbun became the first to graduate on April 22, 1945.<a href="#cite_note-archives.rpi.edu-154">[154]</a> In addition, Antoinette A. Patti was the first woman to receive a master's degree from RPI in February 1947, in Chemistry. The first Doctoral Degree received by a woman at RPI was Reva R. G. Servoss in June 1954, in Chemistry as well. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Faculty_2">Faculty</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Faculty">edit</a>]</div> Miss Hazel Brennan was the first woman assistant instructor in chemistry in 1918 and was officially the first woman instructor. The following year, 1919, Marie De Pierpont was hired as an instructor in French and was later named professor as well as being named head of the language department in 1928. She was the first woman to hold a full professorship at the institute and ended her position in 1932. It wasn't for another 11 years (1943) that another woman was hired as an instructor. <a href="/wiki/Herta_Regina_Leng" title="Herta Regina Leng">Herta Leng</a>, who worked in the Physics Department, was given the title of assistant professor in 1945, and became a full professor in 1966, the second woman to be a full professor at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.<a href="#cite_note-archives.rpi.edu-154">[154]</a> While the percentage of women enrolled at RPI remains comparatively low, it has improved significantly over time. The ratio as of 2020 was about 32% women and 68% men.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Notable alumni">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_people" title="List of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute people">List of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute people</a>.</div> According to the Rensselaer Alumni Association, there are nearly 100,000 RPI graduates living in the United States, and another 4,378 living abroad.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> In 1995, the Alumni Association created the Rensselaer Alumni Hall of Fame.<a href="#cite_note-AHOF-157">[157]</a> Several notable 19th-century civil engineers graduated from RPI. These include the visionary of the transcontinental railroad, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Judah" title="Theodore Judah">Theodore Judah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridge" title="Brooklyn Bridge">Brooklyn Bridge</a> engineer <a href="/wiki/Washington_Roebling" title="Washington Roebling">Washington Roebling</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Gale_Ferris_Jr." title="George Washington Gale Ferris Jr.">George Washington Gale Ferris Jr.</a> (who designed and built the original <a href="/wiki/Ferris_Wheel_(1893)" title="Ferris Wheel (1893)">Ferris Wheel</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Leffert_L._Buck" title="Leffert L. Buck">Leffert L. Buck</a>, the chief engineer of the <a href="/wiki/Williamsburg_Bridge" title="Williamsburg Bridge">Williamsburg Bridge</a> in New York City.<a href="#cite_note-AHOF-157">[157]</a> Many RPI graduates have made important inventions, including <a href="/wiki/Allen_B._DuMont" title="Allen B. DuMont">Allen B. DuMont</a> ('24),<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> creator of the first commercial <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radar</a>; <a href="/wiki/Keith_Millis" title="Keith Millis">Keith D. Millis</a> ('38),<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> inventor of <a href="/wiki/Ductile_iron" title="Ductile iron">ductile iron</a>; <a href="/wiki/Marcian_Hoff" title="Marcian Hoff">Ted Hoff</a> ('58),<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> father of the <a href="/wiki/Microprocessor" title="Microprocessor">microprocessor</a>; <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Tomlinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Tomlinson">Raymond Tomlinson</a> ('63),<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> often credited with the invention of <a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">e-mail</a>; inventor of the <a href="/wiki/Digital_camera" title="Digital camera">digital camera</a> <a href="/wiki/Steven_Sasson" title="Steven Sasson">Steven Sasson</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Rediff_Interview/Steven_J_Sasson,_inventor_of_the_digital_camera-162">[162]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Curtis_Priem" title="Curtis Priem">Curtis Priem</a> ('82), designer of the first <a href="/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">graphics processor</a> for the PC, and co-founder of <a href="/wiki/NVIDIA" class="mw-redirect" title="NVIDIA">NVIDIA</a>. RPI Prof. <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Hunter" title="Matthew Hunter">Matthew Hunter</a> invented a process to refine <a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a> in 1910. <a href="/wiki/H._Joseph_Gerber" class="mw-redirect" title="H. Joseph Gerber">H. Joseph Gerber</a> pioneered computer-automated manufacturing systems for industry. In addition to NVIDIA, RPI graduates have also gone on to found or co-found major companies such as <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_and_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley and Sons">John Wiley and Sons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Semiconductor" title="Fairchild Semiconductor">Fairchild Semiconductor</a>, <a href="/wiki/PSINet" title="PSINet">PSINet</a>, <a href="/wiki/MapInfo_Corporation" title="MapInfo Corporation">MapInfo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adelphia_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelphia Communications">Adelphia Communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Level_3_Communications" title="Level 3 Communications">Level 3 Communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garmin" title="Garmin">Garmin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bugle_Boy" title="Bugle Boy">Bugle Boy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vacasa" title="Vacasa">Vacasa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rivian" title="Rivian">Rivian</a>. Several RPI graduates have played a part in the <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">U.S. space program</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_Low" title="George Low">George Low</a> (B.Eng. 1948, M.S. 1950) was manager of the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo 11 project</a> and served as president of RPI, and astronauts <a href="/wiki/John_Swigert" class="mw-redirect" title="John Swigert">John L. Swigert Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Mastracchio" title="Richard Mastracchio">Richard Mastracchio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregory_R._Wiseman" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory R. Wiseman">Gregory R. Wiseman</a>, and space tourist <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Tito" title="Dennis Tito">Dennis Tito</a> are alumni. The <a href="/wiki/Electric_Power_Research_Institute" title="Electric Power Research Institute">Electric Power Research Institute</a> (EPRI) was founded by Dr. <a href="/wiki/Chauncey_Starr" title="Chauncey Starr">Chauncey Starr</a> who graduated from RPI with a PhD in physics in 1935. Political figures who graduated from RPI included <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_judge" title="United States federal judge">federal judge</a> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_J._Gajarsa" title="Arthur J. Gajarsa">Arthur J. Gajarsa</a> (B.S. 1962), and Major General <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Farrell_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Farrell (general)">Thomas Farrell</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Project" title="Manhattan Project">Manhattan Project</a>. <a href="/wiki/Edward_Burton_Hughes" title="Edward Burton Hughes">Edward Burton Hughes</a>, the Acting Commissioner of <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York State Department of Transportation">New York State Department of Transportation</a> in 1969, Executive Deputy Commissioner of <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York State Department of Transportation">New York State Department of Transportation</a> from 1967 to 1970, and Deputy Superintendent of <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Public_Works" title="New York State Department of Public Works">New York State Department of Public Works</a> from 1952 to 1967. <a href="/wiki/Bertram_Dalley_Tallamy" class="mw-redirect" title="Bertram Dalley Tallamy">Bertram Dalley Tallamy</a>, seventh Federal Highway Administrator under the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956, in office from February 5, 1957 – January 20, 1961. <a href="/wiki/DARPA" title="DARPA">DARPA</a> director <a href="/wiki/Tony_Tether" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Tether">Tony Tether</a>, Representative <a href="/wiki/John_Olver" title="John Olver">John Olver</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Massachusetts's 1st congressional district">Massachusetts's 1st congressional district</a>, and Senators <a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">John Barrasso</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Shepard" title="Mark Shepard">Mark Shepard</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_R._Dennis" title="George R. Dennis">George R. Dennis</a> of <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Hani_Al-Mulki" class="mw-redirect" title="Hani Al-Mulki">Hani Al-Mulki</a> of <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>. Notable ice hockey players include <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">NHL</a> <a href="/wiki/Hockey_Hall_of_Fame" title="Hockey Hall of Fame">Hockey Hall of Famer</a> and five-time NHL <a href="/wiki/All-star" title="All-star">All Star</a> <a href="/wiki/Adam_Oates" title="Adam Oates">Adam Oates</a> (1985), <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cup" title="Stanley Cup">Stanley Cup</a> winner and former NHL All Star <a href="/wiki/Mike_McPhee" title="Mike McPhee">Mike McPhee</a> (1982), two-time <a href="/wiki/Calder_Cup" title="Calder Cup">Calder Cup</a> winner <a href="/wiki/Neil_Little" title="Neil Little">Neil Little</a> (1994), former NHL All Rookie <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A9_Juneau" title="Joé Juneau">Joé Juneau</a> (1991), and former NHL All Star <a href="/wiki/Daren_Puppa" title="Daren Puppa">Daren Puppa</a> (1985). Other notable alumni include 1973 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics" title="Nobel Prize in Physics">Nobel Prize in Physics</a> winner <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Ivar Giaever</a> (Ph.D. 1964);<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> the first African American woman to become a thoracic surgeon, <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Scott" title="Rosalyn Scott">Rosalyn Scott</a> (B.S. 1970); director of Linux International <a href="/wiki/Jon_Hall_(programmer)" title="Jon Hall (programmer)">Jon Hall</a> (M.S. 1977); <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">NCAA</a> president <a href="/wiki/Myles_Brand" title="Myles Brand">Myles Brand</a> (B.S. 1964);<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lois_Graham" title="Lois Graham">Lois Graham</a> (B.S.ME 1946), who was the first woman to receive a degree in engineering from RPI, and went on to become the first woman in the US to receive a PhD in engineering; adult stem cell pioneer <a href="/wiki/James_H._Fallon" title="James H. Fallon">James Fallon</a>; <a href="/wiki/Michael_D._West" title="Michael D. West">Michael D. West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerontology" title="Gerontology">gerontologist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stem_cell" title="Stem cell">stem cell</a> scientist, founder of <a href="/wiki/Geron_Corporation" title="Geron Corporation">Geron</a>, now CEO of <a href="/wiki/BioTime" class="mw-redirect" title="BioTime">BioTime</a> (1976); director <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Farrelly" title="Bobby Farrelly">Bobby Farrelly</a> (1981),<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Ferrucci" title="David Ferrucci">David Ferrucci</a>, lead researcher on IBM's <a href="/wiki/Watson_(computer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Watson (computer)">Watson</a>/Jeopardy! project; 66th AIA Gold Medal-winning architect Peter Q Bohlin; <a href="/wiki/Matt_Patricia" title="Matt Patricia">Matt Patricia</a>, former head coach for the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Lions" title="Detroit Lions">Detroit Lions</a>; Garrettina LTS Brown, founder of Garrett's List, King Breeders and inventor of FreeTV; Luis Acuña-Cedeño, Governor of the Venezuelan Sucre State and former Minister of Universities; <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Franks" title="Andrew Franks">Andrew Franks</a>, former placekicker for the <a href="/wiki/Miami_Dolphins" title="Miami Dolphins">Miami Dolphins</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>; <a href="/wiki/Sean_Conroy" title="Sean Conroy">Sean Conroy</a>, the first openly gay professional baseball player; <a href="/wiki/Prem_Jain" title="Prem Jain">Prem Jain</a> (Father of Green Buildings in India); <a href="/wiki/Keith_Raniere" title="Keith Raniere">Keith Raniere</a>, an <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> <a href="/wiki/Felony" title="Felony">felon</a> and the founder of <a href="/wiki/NXIVM" title="NXIVM">NXIVM</a>, a multi-level marketing company and <a href="/wiki/Cult" title="Cult">cult</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Independent_Technological_Universities" title="Association of Independent Technological Universities">Association of Independent Technological Universities</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-historybook-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-historybook_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-historybook_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-historybook_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRicketts1934" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Palmer_C._Ricketts" title="Palmer C. Ricketts">Ricketts, Palmer C.</a> (1934). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yR9DAAAAIAAJ&q=Outline+of+the+Method+of+Instruction+at+the+Rensselaer+School&pg=PA29">History of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1824–1934</a> (3rd ed.). New York: <a href="/wiki/Wiley_(publisher)" title="Wiley (publisher)">John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</a>, London: <a href="/wiki/Chapman_%26_Hall" title="Chapman & Hall">Chapman & Hall</a>. p. 34.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%2C+1824%E2%80%931934&rft.pages=34&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=New+York%3A+John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc.%2C+London%3A+Chapman+%26+Hall&rft.date=1934&rft.aulast=Ricketts&rft.aufirst=Palmer+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyR9DAAAAIAAJ%26q%3DOutline%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMethod%2Bof%2BInstruction%2Bat%2Bthe%2BRensselaer%2BSchool%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> As of June 30, 2022.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nacubo.org/-/media/Nacubo/Documents/research/2022-NTSE-Public-Tables--Endowment-Market-Values--FINAL.ashx">U.S. and Canadian Institutions Listed by Fiscal Year (FY) 2022 Endowment Market Value and Change in Endowment Market Value from FY21 to FY22</a> (Report). 30 January 2022. Retrieved 14 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=U.S.+and+Canadian+Institutions+Listed+by+Fiscal+Year+%28FY%29+2022+Endowment+Market+Value+and+Change+in+Endowment+Market+Value+from+FY21+to+FY22&rft.date=2022-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nacubo.org%2F-%2Fmedia%2FNacubo%2FDocuments%2Fresearch%2F2022-NTSE-Public-Tables--Endowment-Market-Values--FINAL.ashx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130328024123/http://prod3.server.rpi.edu/oth/update.do?artcenterkey=2852">"Professor Prabhat Hajela Appointed Provost"</a>. 25 May 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://prod3.server.rpi.edu/oth/update.do?artcenterkey=2852">the original</a> on 28 March 2013. Retrieved 25 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Professor+Prabhat+Hajela+Appointed+Provost&rft.date=2012-05-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprod3.server.rpi.edu%2Foth%2Fupdate.do%3Fartcenterkey%3D2852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AnnualReport-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AnnualReport_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AnnualReport_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AnnualReport_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AnnualReport_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AnnualReport_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AnnualReport_4-5">f</a> As of June 30, 2019.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://emma.msrb.org/ES1319275-ES1030199-ES1432493.pdf">"Rensselaer 2019 Annual Report"</a> (PDF). Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. 1 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rensselaer+2019+Annual+Report&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft.date=2019-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Femma.msrb.org%2FES1319275-ES1030199-ES1432493.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Rens&s=all&id=194824">"IPEDS - Rensselar Polytechnic Institute"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IPEDS+-+Rensselar+Polytechnic+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnces.ed.gov%2Fcollegenavigator%2F%3Fq%3DRens%26s%3Dall%26id%3D194824&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124145259/http://www.rpi.edu/dept/scer/resources/BrandGuidelines_06_12_15.pdf">"RPI Brand Guidelines"</a> (PDF). 12 June 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/dept/scer/resources/BrandGuidelines_06_12_15.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 24 January 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RPI+Brand+Guidelines&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fdept%2Fscer%2Fresources%2FBrandGuidelines_06_12_15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/dept/library/html/Archives/gallery/symbols/index_new.html">Symbols of the Institute</a>. Lib.rpi.edu. 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The Chronicle of Higher Education. 27 April 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chronicle+of+Higher+Education&rft.atitle=No-Confidence+Motion+Fails+at+Rensselaer+Polytechnic&rft.date=2006-04-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchronicle.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F343%2Fno-confidence-motion-fails-at-rensselaer-polytechnic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesunion.com/local/article/RPI-faculty-approves-new-constitution-2409606.php">"RPI faculty approves new constitution"</a>. Retrieved 30 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RPI+faculty+approves+new+constitution&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesunion.com%2Flocal%2Farticle%2FRPI-faculty-approves-new-constitution-2409606.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AAUP_demise-32"><a href="#cite_ref-AAUP_demise_32-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNancy_D._CampbellJane_F._Koretz2010" class="citation journal cs1">Nancy D. Campbell; Jane F. Koretz (2010). <a href="/wiki/Cary_Nelson" title="Cary Nelson">Nelson, Cary</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaup.org/sites/default/files/Campbell-Koretz.pdf">"The Demise of Shared Governance at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute"</a> (PDF). Journal of Academic Freedom. 1. AAUP. Retrieved 23 May 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Academic+Freedom&rft.atitle=The+Demise+of+Shared+Governance+at+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft.volume=1&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Nancy+D.+Campbell&rft.au=Jane+F.+Koretz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaup.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FCampbell-Koretz.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaup.org/our-work/shared-governance/sanctioned-institutions">"Sanctioned Institutions"</a>. AAUP. 21 July 2006. Retrieved 1 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AAUP&rft.atitle=Sanctioned+Institutions&rft.date=2006-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaup.org%2Four-work%2Fshared-governance%2Fsanctioned-institutions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://marcparry.org/for-rpi-priorities-an-issue/">"For RPI, priorities an issue: Layoffs spark questions about school's spending on construction, salaries"</a>. Retrieved 30 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=For+RPI%2C+priorities+an+issue%3A+Layoffs+spark+questions+about+school%27s+spending+on+construction%2C+salaries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmarcparry.org%2Ffor-rpi-priorities-an-issue%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMary_L._Martialayvar" class="citation web cs1">Mary L. Martialayvar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.rpi.edu/content/2015/01/20/economic-impact-rensselaer-more-1-billion-annually">"Rensselaer Regional Economic Impact More Than $1 Billion Annually"</a>. News.rpi.edu. Retrieved 4 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News.rpi.edu&rft.atitle=Rensselaer+Regional+Economic+Impact+More+Than+%241+Billion+Annually&rft.au=Mary+L.+Martialayvar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fcontent%2F2015%2F01%2F20%2Feconomic-impact-rensselaer-more-1-billion-annually&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insiderensselaer.com/north-hall-e-complex-renovated/">"North Hall and E-Complex Renovated To Accommodate Largest Incoming Class – Every Day Matters"</a>. Insiderensselaer.com. Retrieved 4 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Insiderensselaer.com&rft.atitle=North+Hall+and+E-Complex+Renovated+To+Accommodate+Largest+Incoming+Class+%E2%80%93+Every+Day+Matters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.insiderensselaer.com%2Fnorth-hall-e-complex-renovated%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://poly.rpi.edu/2015/07/13/quad_undertakes_summer_renovations/">"Quad undertakes summer renovations"</a>. The Polytechnic. Retrieved 4 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Polytechnic&rft.atitle=Quad+undertakes+summer+renovations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpoly.rpi.edu%2F2015%2F07%2F13%2Fquad_undertakes_summer_renovations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilberstein2021" class="citation web cs1">Silberstein, Rachel (23 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesunion.com/news/article/RPI-selects-next-president-will-succeed-Shirley-16644090.php">"RPI selects next president, will succeed Shirley Ann Jackson"</a>. Times Union. Retrieved 2 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+Union&rft.atitle=RPI+selects+next+president%2C+will+succeed+Shirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.date=2021-11-23&rft.aulast=Silberstein&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesunion.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2FRPI-selects-next-president-will-succeed-Shirley-16644090.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-virtual_tour-39"><a href="#cite_ref-virtual_tour_39-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rpi.edu/about/campustour/index.html">"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Virtual Campus Tour"</a>. Retrieved 1 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute+Virtual+Campus+Tour&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frpi.edu%2Fabout%2Fcampustour%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090311022920/http://www.sbrl.rpi.edu/">"Social and Behavioral Research Laboratory"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sbrl.rpi.edu/">the original</a> on 11 March 2009. Retrieved 3 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Social+and+Behavioral+Research+Laboratory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sbrl.rpi.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Russell_Sage_Laboratory_history-41"><a href="#cite_ref-Russell_Sage_Laboratory_history_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_F._Dojka2019" class="citation web cs1">John F. Dojka (26 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.rpi.edu/blog/2019/06/26/continuing-up-the-hill-russell-sage-laboratory/">"Continuing Up the Hill: Russell Sage Laboratory"</a>. RPI History Revealed: Uncovering History in the Archives. Retrieved 16 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Continuing+Up+the+Hill%3A+Russell+Sage+Laboratory&rft.pub=RPI+History+Revealed%3A+Uncovering+History+in+the+Archives&rft.date=2019-06-26&rft.au=John+F.+Dojka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.rpi.edu%2Fblog%2F2019%2F06%2F26%2Fcontinuing-up-the-hill-russell-sage-laboratory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInstitute_Archives_and_Special_Collections2003" class="citation web cs1">Institute Archives and Special Collections (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/dept/library/html/Archives/gallery/approach/apphome.html">"History of The Approach"</a>. Retrieved 21 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+The+Approach&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Institute+Archives+and+Special+Collections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Fdept%2Flibrary%2Fhtml%2FArchives%2Fgallery%2Fapproach%2Fapphome.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInstitute_Archives_and_Special_Collections" class="citation web cs1">Institute Archives and Special Collections. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/dept/library/html/Archives/buildings/west_hall.html">"RPI Building Histories : West Hall"</a>. Retrieved 28 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RPI+Building+Histories+%3A+West+Hall&rft.au=Institute+Archives+and+Special+Collections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Fdept%2Flibrary%2Fhtml%2FArchives%2Fbuildings%2Fwest_hall.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/dept/library/html/Archives/buildings/chapel.html">"Rensselaer Building Histories: Chapel/Voorhees Computing Center"</a>. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Archives and Special Collections. Retrieved 28 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rensselaer+Building+Histories%3A+Chapel%2FVoorhees+Computing+Center&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute+Archives+and+Special+Collections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Fdept%2Flibrary%2Fhtml%2FArchives%2Fbuildings%2Fchapel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/dept/library/html/Archives/buildings/folsom_library.html">"Rensselaer Building Histories: Folsom Library"</a>. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Archives and Special Collections. Retrieved 7 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rensselaer+Building+Histories%3A+Folsom+Library&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute+Archives+and+Special+Collections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Fdept%2Flibrary%2Fhtml%2FArchives%2Fbuildings%2Ffolsom_library.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.docomomo-nytri.org/event/622/">Mid-century Modern in Troy</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226053050/https://www.docomomo-nytri.org/event/622/">Archived</a> 26 February 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" [event announcement]. 7 October 2017. DOCOMOMO New York/Tri-State, a local chapter of DOCOMOMO US, national working group of the international organization DOCOMOMO (DOcumentation and COnservation of buildings, sites and neighborhoods of the MOdern MOvement). "The tour will end with the striking Brutalist Folsom Library." Retrieved 7 October 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRPI2006" class="citation web cs1">RPI (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reslife.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=74">"Barton Hall Profile"</a>. Retrieved 28 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Barton+Hall+Profile&rft.date=2006&rft.au=RPI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freslife.rpi.edu%2Fupdate.do%3Fartcenterkey%3D74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Polytechnic2007" class="citation web cs1">The Polytechnic (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://poly.rpi.edu/old/article_view.php3?view=5689&part=1">"EMPAC on schedule to open October 2008"</a>. Retrieved 9 November 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EMPAC+on+schedule+to+open+October+2008&rft.date=2007&rft.au=The+Polytechnic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoly.rpi.edu%2Fold%2Farticle_view.php3%3Fview%3D5689%26part%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080608153527/http://www.empac.rpi.edu/mission/">"EMPAC Mission"</a>. 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://empac.rpi.edu/mission/">the original</a> on 8 June 2008. Retrieved 21 January 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EMPAC+Mission&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fempac.rpi.edu%2Fmission%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brunelle-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brunelle_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brunelle_50-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrunelle" class="citation web cs1">Brunelle, Will. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://subscriber.politicopro.com/states/new-york/albany/story/2015/03/report-rpi-facing-1-billion-in-debts-liabilities-088011">"Report: R.P.I. facing $1 billion in debts, liabilities"</a>. Politico PRO. Retrieved 5 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico+PRO&rft.atitle=Report%3A+R.P.I.+facing+%241+billion+in+debts%2C+liabilities&rft.aulast=Brunelle&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsubscriber.politicopro.com%2Fstates%2Fnew-york%2Falbany%2Fstory%2F2015%2F03%2Freport-rpi-facing-1-billion-in-debts-liabilities-088011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bestwestern-51">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bestwestern_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bestwestern_51-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=2584&setappvar=page(1)">"Rensselaer Unveils Newly Renovated Residence Commons in Downtown Troy"</a>. RPI Press Release. 15 May 2009. Retrieved 24 May 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rensselaer+Unveils+Newly+Renovated+Residence+Commons+in+Downtown+Troy&rft.pub=RPI+Press+Release&rft.date=2009-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fupdate.do%3Fartcenterkey%3D2584%26setappvar%3Dpage%281%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190524141924/http://map.rpi.edu/index.php/RPI_Map">"RPI Campus Map"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://map.rpi.edu/index.php/RPI_Map">the original</a> on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RPI+Campus+Map&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmap.rpi.edu%2Findex.php%2FRPI_Map&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> This interactive map can be used to see the locations of the Rice, Heley and Gurley buildings in Troy. </li> <li id="cite_note-RPI_purchase-53"><a href="#cite_ref-RPI_purchase_53-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070814010216/http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=39&setappvar=page(1)">"Rensselaer Announces Purchase of Proctor's Theatre Building in Downtown Troy"</a> (Press release). Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. 6 April 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=39&setappvar=page(1)">the original</a> on 14 August 2007. Retrieved 28 October 2008. <q>The goal is to develop a high-end hotel that will provide economic and community benefits to the city of Troy and to the surrounding area</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rensselaer+Announces+Purchase+of+Proctor%27s+Theatre+Building+in+Downtown+Troy&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft.date=2004-04-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fupdate.do%3Fartcenterkey%3D39%26setappvar%3Dpage%281%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.rpi.edu/luwakkey/2936">"Columbia Development Companies To Acquire Proctor's Theater and Chasan Building in Troy and Launch Restoration - News & Events"</a>. News.rpi.edu. Retrieved 4 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News.rpi.edu&rft.atitle=Columbia+Development+Companies+To+Acquire+Proctor%27s+Theater+and+Chasan+Building+in+Troy+and+Launch+Restoration+-+News+%26+Events&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fluwakkey%2F2936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Liz_Young_TU_blog-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Liz_Young_TU_blog_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2009" class="citation web cs1">Young, Elizabeth (8 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.timesunion.com/elizabethyoung/the-drama-over-troys-theatre/4/">"The Drama Over Troy's Theatre"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Albany_Times-Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Albany Times-Union">Albany Times-Union</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hearst_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hearst Corporation">Hearst Corporation</a>. Retrieved 10 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Albany+Times-Union&rft.atitle=The+Drama+Over+Troy%27s+Theatre&rft.date=2009-04-08&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.timesunion.com%2Felizabethyoung%2Fthe-drama-over-troys-theatre%2F4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200225121958/http://www.troyproctors.com/about">"Save Proctor's Theatre advocacy group"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.troyproctors.com/about">the original</a> on 25 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Save+Proctor%27s+Theatre+advocacy+group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.troyproctors.com%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gutting_proposal-57"><a href="#cite_ref-Gutting_proposal_57-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaprood2009" class="citation news cs1">Caprood, Tom (23 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.troyrecord.com/articles/2009/04/23/news/doc49eff74dc01a1625304673.txt">"A discussion about Proctor's"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Record_(Troy)" title="The Record (Troy)">The Record</a>. <a href="/wiki/Journal_Register_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal Register Company">Journal Register Company</a>. Retrieved 11 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Record&rft.atitle=A+discussion+about+Proctor%27s&rft.date=2009-04-23&rft.aulast=Caprood&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.troyrecord.com%2Farticles%2F2009%2F04%2F23%2Fnews%2Fdoc49eff74dc01a1625304673.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hartfordbusiness.com/article/developer-randy-salvatore-buys-former-rensselaer-campus-in-hartford-for-38m">"Developer Randy Salvatore buys former Rensselaer campus in Hartford for $3.8M"</a>. Hartford Business Journal. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/academics/interdisciplinary.html">the original</a> on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 9 June 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interdisciplinary+Programs&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Facademics%2Finterdisciplinary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/laptops/faq.html#buyown">"Mobile Computing Program Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Retrieved 6 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mobile+Computing+Program+Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Flaptops%2Ffaq.html%23buyown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070120013746/http://www.rpi.edu/president/plan/index.html">"The Rensselaer Plan"</a>. 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/president/plan/index.html">the original</a> on 20 January 2007. 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Retrieved 21 January 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Accomplishments+of+Rensselaer+Plan&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fpresident%2Faccomplished.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.rpi.edu/content/2018/03/28/freshman-applications-class-2022-surge-past-20000">"Freshman Applications for Class of 2022 Surge Past 20,000 at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute"</a>. RPI News. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. 28 March 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RPI+News&rft.atitle=Freshman+Applications+for+Class+of+2022+Surge+Past+20%2C000+at+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft.date=2018-03-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fcontent%2F2018%2F03%2F28%2Ffreshman-applications-class-2022-surge-past-20000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=1520&setappvar=page(1)">"Board of Trustees Enthusiastically Endorses Leadership and Presidency of Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson"</a>. 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Board+of+Trustees+Enthusiastically+Endorses+Leadership+and+Presidency+of+Dr.+Shirley+Ann+Jackson&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fupdate.do%3Fartcenterkey%3D1520%26setappvar%3Dpage%281%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArenson2001" class="citation news cs1">Arenson, Karen W. 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Retrieved 3 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+Rensselaer+Capital+Campaign+Reaches+Goal+Nine+Months+Ahead+of+Schedule&rft.pub=RPI&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fupdate.do%3Fartcenterkey%3D2501&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130917094428/https://www.rpi.edu/plan/RensselaerPlan2024.pdf">"The Rensselaer Plan 2024"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rpi.edu/plan/RensselaerPlan2024.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 17 September 2013. 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Retrieved 2 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lanuguagehat.com&rft.atitle=Witness%27s+recollection+of+the+cheer+originating+at+RPI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.languagehat.com%2Farchives%2F001016.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.augenblick.org/rpi/h_faq.html">"RPI Hockey FAQ"</a>. Retrieved 3 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RPI+Hockey+FAQ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.augenblick.org%2Frpi%2Fh_faq.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718000845/http://rpiarchives.wordpress.com/2009/09/08/at-the-beginning-of-the-hockey-line/">"At the beginning of the Hockey Line"</a>. RPI History Revealed. 8 September 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rpiarchives.wordpress.com/2009/09/08/at-the-beginning-of-the-hockey-line/">the original</a> on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=At+the+beginning+of+the+Hockey+Line&rft.pub=RPI+History+Revealed&rft.date=2009-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frpiarchives.wordpress.com%2F2009%2F09%2F08%2Fat-the-beginning-of-the-hockey-line%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpiathletics.com/news/2010/3/1/WICE_0301103857.aspx">Women's Hockey Headed to ECAC Hockey Semifinals</a>. RPI Athletics. Retrieved 21 November 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/dept/library/html/archives/timeline/1959.html">"Timeline of RPI History-1959"</a>. Retrieved 21 January 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline+of+RPI+History-1959&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fdept%2Flibrary%2Fhtml%2Farchives%2Ftimeline%2F1959.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiTursi2004" class="citation web cs1">DiTursi, Dan (14 January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://poly.rpi.edu/old/article_view.php3?view=2739&part=1">"Football 2003: A season to remember"</a>. Retrieved 18 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Football+2003%3A+A+season+to+remember&rft.date=2004-01-14&rft.aulast=DiTursi&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoly.rpi.edu%2Fold%2Farticle_view.php3%3Fview%3D2739%26part%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/campaign/newsletter/houstonfield%20house.pdf">"Houston Field House Renovation"</a> (PDF). Retrieved 10 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Houston+Field+House+Renovation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fcampaign%2Fnewsletter%2Fhoustonfield%2520house.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/giving/athletics.html">"Giving to Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute - Athletics"</a>. Retrieved 5 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Giving+to+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute+-+Athletics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fgiving%2Fathletics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.rpi.edu/update.do?artcenterkey=2289">"Rensselaer Breaks Ground for East Campus Athletic Village; First Phase to be Completed by Fall 2009"</a> (Press release). RPI. 4 September 2007. Retrieved 3 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rensselaer+Breaks+Ground+for+East+Campus+Athletic+Village%3B+First+Phase+to+be+Completed+by+Fall+2009&rft.pub=RPI&rft.date=2007-09-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.rpi.edu%2Fupdate.do%3Fartcenterkey%3D2289&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090111003349/http://www.rpi.edu/about/inside/issue/v2n16/ecav-schedule.html">"East Campus Athletic Village on Schedule for Fall 2009"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/about/inside/issue/v2n16/ecav-schedule.html">the original</a> on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=East+Campus+Athletic+Village+on+Schedule+for+Fall+2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fabout%2Finside%2Fissue%2Fv2n16%2Fecav-schedule.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Polytechnic2007" class="citation web cs1">The Polytechnic (2 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716101228/http://www.poly.rpi.edu/old/article_view.php3?view=5262&part=1">"Master Plan Undergoes Public Review"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poly.rpi.edu/old/article_view.php3?view=5262&part=1">the original</a> on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Master+Plan+Undergoes+Public+Review&rft.date=2007-08-02&rft.au=The+Polytechnic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poly.rpi.edu%2Fold%2Farticle_view.php3%3Fview%3D5262%26part%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-archives.rpi.edu-154">^ <a href="#cite_ref-archives.rpi.edu_154-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-archives.rpi.edu_154-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.rpi.edu/blog/womens-history-month-those-who-led-the-way">"Women's History Month: Those Who Led the Way | Institute Archives and Special Collections"</a>. archives.rpi.edu. Retrieved 14 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archives.rpi.edu&rft.atitle=Women%27s+History+Month%3A+Those+Who+Led+the+Way+%7C+Institute+Archives+and+Special+Collections&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.rpi.edu%2Fblog%2Fwomens-history-month-those-who-led-the-way&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collegefactual.com/colleges/rensselaer-polytechnic-institute/student-life/diversity/chart-gender-diversity.html">"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Gender Diversity"</a>. www.collegefactual.com. Retrieved 14 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.collegefactual.com&rft.atitle=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute+Gender+Diversity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collegefactual.com%2Fcolleges%2Frensselaer-polytechnic-institute%2Fstudent-life%2Fdiversity%2Fchart-gender-diversity.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Graduate's Guide to Alumni Resources. Rensselaer Alumni Association. 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Graduate%27s+Guide+to+Alumni+Resources&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Alumni+Association&rft.date=2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AHOF-157">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AHOF_157-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AHOF_157-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/about/alumni/index.html">"Rensselaer Alumni Hall of Fame"</a>. Retrieved 22 May 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rensselaer+Alumni+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fabout%2Falumni%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/about/alumni/inductees/dumont.html">"Alumni Hall of Fame: Allen B. Du Mont"</a>. RPI. Retrieved 2 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alumni+Hall+of+Fame%3A+Allen+B.+Du+Mont&rft.pub=RPI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fabout%2Falumni%2Finductees%2Fdumont.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/about/alumni/inductees/millis.html">"Alumni Hall of Fame: Keith D. Millis"</a>. RPI. Retrieved 2 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alumni+Hall+of+Fame%3A+Keith+D.+Millis&rft.pub=RPI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fabout%2Falumni%2Finductees%2Fmillis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/about/alumni/inductees/hoff.html">"Alumni Hall of Fame: Marcian E. Hoff"</a>. RPI. Retrieved 2 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alumni+Hall+of+Fame%3A+Marcian+E.+Hoff&rft.pub=RPI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fabout%2Falumni%2Finductees%2Fhoff.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/about/alumni/inductees/tomlinson.html">"Alumni Hall of Fame: Raymond S. Tomlinson"</a>. RPI. Retrieved 2 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alumni+Hall+of+Fame%3A+Raymond+S.+Tomlinson&rft.pub=RPI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fabout%2Falumni%2Finductees%2Ftomlinson.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Rediff_Interview/Steven_J_Sasson,_inventor_of_the_digital_camera-162"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Rediff_Interview/Steven_J_Sasson,_inventor_of_the_digital_camera_162-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rediff.com/money/2006/aug/07kodak.htm">"The Rediff Interview/Steven J Sasson, inventor of the digital camera"</a>. Rediff.com India Limited.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Rediff+Interview%2FSteven+J+Sasson%2C+inventor+of+the+digital+camera&rft.pub=Rediff.com+India+Limited&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rediff.com%2Fmoney%2F2006%2Faug%2F07kodak.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/about/alumni/inductees/giaever.html">"Alumni Hall of Fame: Ivar Giaever"</a>. RPI. Retrieved 2 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alumni+Hall+of+Fame%3A+Ivar+Giaever&rft.pub=RPI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fabout%2Falumni%2Finductees%2Fgiaever.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/about/alumni/inductees/brand.html">"Alumni Hall of Fame: Myles Brand"</a>. RPI. Retrieved 2 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alumni+Hall+of+Fame%3A+Myles+Brand&rft.pub=RPI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rpi.edu%2Fabout%2Falumni%2Finductees%2Fbrand.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> Tracey Leibach, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Magazine/sep01/feature1.html">Why is this man smiling?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170602070405/http://www.rpi.edu/dept/NewsComm/Magazine/sep01/feature1.html">Archived</a> 2 June 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoynihan2019" class="citation news cs1">Moynihan, Colin (19 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/19/nyregion/nxivm-trial-verdict.html">"Nxivm Trial: Leader Convicted After Trial Exposed Sex Cult's Sordid Inner Workings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 19 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Nxivm+Trial%3A+Leader+Convicted+After+Trial+Exposed+Sex+Cult%27s+Sordid+Inner+Workings&rft.date=2019-06-19&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Moynihan&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F06%2F19%2Fnyregion%2Fnxivm-trial-verdict.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker1924" class="citation book cs1">Baker, Ray Palmer (1924). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/archives/e-collections/Baker,RP_1924/part1_a_chap_American_ed.pdf">A Chapter in American Education: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1824-1924</a> (PDF). New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1982907">1982907</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Chapter+in+American+Education%3A+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%2C+1824-1924&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Charles+Scribner%27s+Sons&rft.date=1924&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1982907&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Ray+Palmer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Farchives%2Fe-collections%2FBaker%2CRP_1924%2Fpart1_a_chap_American_ed.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreene1855" class="citation book cs1">Greene, Benjamin Franklin (1855). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/archives/e-collections/Greene,BF_1855/Part%201_Rennsselaer_poly.pdf">The Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute: Its Reorganization in 1849-50, Its Condition at the Present Time, Its Plans and Hopes for the Future</a> (PDF). Troy, NY: D.H. Jones & Co. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/41976314">41976314</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%3A+Its+Reorganization+in+1849-50%2C+Its+Condition+at+the+Present+Time%2C+Its+Plans+and+Hopes+for+the+Future&rft.place=Troy%2C+NY&rft.pub=D.H.+Jones+%26+Co.&rft.date=1855&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F41976314&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+Franklin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Farchives%2Fe-collections%2FGreene%2CBF_1855%2FPart%25201_Rennsselaer_poly.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNason1855" class="citation book cs1">Nason, Henry B. (1855). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/dept/library/html/Archives/e-collections/Nason,HB_1887/Part_3_bio_record_rens_officers_and_grads.pdf">Biographical Record of the Officers and Graduates of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1824-1886</a> (PDF). Troy, NY: D.H. Jones & Co. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1675616">1675616</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biographical+Record+of+the+Officers+and+Graduates+of+the+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%2C+1824-1886&rft.place=Troy%2C+NY&rft.pub=D.H.+Jones+%26+Co.&rft.date=1855&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1675616&rft.aulast=Nason&rft.aufirst=Henry+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Fdept%2Flibrary%2Fhtml%2FArchives%2Fe-collections%2FNason%2CHB_1887%2FPart_3_bio_record_rens_officers_and_grads.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhelanD._Michael_RossCar_Westerdahll1995" class="citation book cs1">Phelan, Thomas; D. Michael Ross; Car Westerdahll (1995). Rensselaer: Where Imagination Achieves the Impossible. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/33427362">33427362</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rensselaer%3A+Where+Imagination+Achieves+the+Impossible&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F33427362&rft.aulast=Phelan&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=D.+Michael+Ross&rft.au=Car+Westerdahll&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRezneck1968" class="citation book cs1">Rezneck, Samuel (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/archives/e-collections/Rezneck,S_1968/Part%201_edu_technological-8.pdf">Education for a Technological Society: A Sesquicentennial History of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</a> (PDF). Troy, NY: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/33427362">33427362</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Education+for+a+Technological+Society%3A+A+Sesquicentennial+History+of+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft.place=Troy%2C+NY&rft.pub=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft.date=1968&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F33427362&rft.aulast=Rezneck&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Farchives%2Fe-collections%2FRezneck%2CS_1968%2FPart%25201_edu_technological-8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRicketts1934" class="citation book cs1">Ricketts, Palmer C. (1934). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.rpi.edu/archives/e-collections/Ricketts,PC_1934/Part%201_history_renss.pdf">History of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1824-1934, Third Edition</a> (PDF). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3050727">3050727</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute%2C+1824-1934%2C+Third+Edition&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1934&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3050727&rft.aulast=Ricketts&rft.aufirst=Palmer+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.rpi.edu%2Farchives%2Fe-collections%2FRicketts%2CPC_1934%2FPart%25201_history_renss.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> 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href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute">"Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a>. 1920.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Americana&rft.date=1920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARensselaer+Polytechnic+Institute" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#E2231B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #222222, inset -2px -2px 0 #222222;;width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_at_Work" title="Rensselaer at Work">Rensselaer at Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lally_School_of_Management_%26_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Lally School of Management & Technology">Lally School of Management & Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Computational_Innovations" title="Center for Computational Innovations">Center for Computational Innovations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Technology_Park" title="Rensselaer Technology Park">Rensselaer Technology Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#E2231B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #222222, inset -2px -2px 0 #222222;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_people" title="List of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" title="History of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_RPI_fraternities_and_sororities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of RPI fraternities and sororities">Fraternities and sororities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genericon" title="Genericon">Genericon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Marshal_(RPI)" title="Grand Marshal (RPI)">Grand Marshal Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rensselaer_Polytechnic" title="The Rensselaer Polytechnic">The Polytechnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPI_songs" class="mw-redirect" title="RPI songs">RPI songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WRPI" title="WRPI">WRPI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#E2231B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #222222, inset -2px -2px 0 #222222;;width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_RPI_buildings" title="List of RPI buildings">List of buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Eaton_Hall" title="Amos Eaton Hall">Amos Eaton Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Building_(Troy,_New_York)" title="Carnegie Building (Troy, New York)">Carnegie Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Biotechnology_and_Interdisciplinary_Studies" title="Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies">Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_%2B_Cultural_Center_at_Rensselaer" title="Chapel + Cultural Center at Rensselaer">Chapel + Cultural Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_Media_and_Performing_Arts_Center" title="Experimental Media and Performing Arts Center">EMPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_Library" title="Folsom Library">Folsom Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greene_Building,_Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Greene Building, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute">Greene Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._%26_L._E._Gurley_Building" title="W. & L. E. Gurley Building">Gurley Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirsch_Observatory" title="Hirsch Observatory">Hirsch Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Field_House" title="Houston Field House">Houston Field House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonsson_Engineering_Center" title="Jonsson Engineering Center">Jonsson Engineering Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Low_Center_for_Industrial_Innovation" title="George M. Low Center for Industrial Innovation">Low Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Hall_(Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute)" title="West Hall (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)">West Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winslow_Chemical_Laboratory" title="Winslow Chemical Laboratory">Winslow Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles151" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;background: #E2231B; color:white; border: 2px solid #222222"><div id="Links_to_related_articles151" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_aircraft53" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_aircraft" title="Template:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute aircraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_aircraft" title="Template talk:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute aircraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_aircraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute aircraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rensselaer_Polytechnic_Institute_aircraft53" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</a> aircraft</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_RP-1" title="Rensselaer RP-1">RP-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_RP-2" title="Rensselaer RP-2">RP-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_RP-3" title="Rensselaer RP-3">RP-3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Institutes_of_technology,_polytechnics,_and_technological_universities_in_the_United_States182" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Polytechnic_Universities" title="Template:Polytechnic Universities"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #ffffff">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Polytechnic_Universities" title="Template talk:Polytechnic Universities"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #ffffff">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Polytechnic_Universities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Polytechnic Universities"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #ffffff">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Institutes_of_technology,_polytechnics,_and_technological_universities_in_the_United_States182" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_technology_(United_States)" title="Institute of technology (United States)">Institutes of technology, polytechnics, and technological universities in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a; text-align: center;">Public</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Institute_of_Technology" title="Air Force Institute of Technology">Air Force Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University_Polytechnic_campus" title="Arizona State University Polytechnic campus">ASU Polytechnic School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Tech_University" title="Arkansas Tech University">Arkansas Tech</a></li> <li>Cal Poly (<a href="/wiki/California_State_Polytechnic_University,_Humboldt" title="California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt">Humboldt</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_State_Polytechnic_University,_Pomona" title="California State Polytechnic University, Pomona">Pomona</a>, and <a href="/wiki/California_Polytechnic_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="California Polytechnic State University">San Luis Obispo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_School_of_Mines" title="Colorado School of Mines">Colorado Mines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Polytechnic_University" title="Florida Polytechnic University">Florida Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Institute of Technology">Georgia Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_State_University" title="Iowa State University">Iowa State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_State_University_Salina_Aerospace_and_Technology_Campus" title="Kansas State University Salina Aerospace and Technology Campus">K-State Salina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Tech_University" title="Louisiana Tech University">Louisiana Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Technological_University" title="Michigan Technological University">Michigan Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Missouri University of Science and Technology">Missouri S&T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Technological_University" title="Montana Technological University">Montana Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Institute_of_Technology" title="New Jersey Institute of Technology">New Jersey Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Institute_of_Mining_and_Technology" title="New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology">New Mexico Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_State_University_Institute_of_Technology" title="Oklahoma State University Institute of Technology">Oklahoma State University Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Institute_of_Technology" title="Oregon Institute of Technology">Oregon Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_School_of_Mines_and_Technology" title="South Dakota School of Mines and Technology">South Dakota Mines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Polytechnic_State_University" title="Southern Polytechnic State University">Southern Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Polytechnic_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="State University of New York Polytechnic Institute">SUNY Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Technological_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennessee Technological University">Tennessee Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Tech_University" title="Texas Tech University">Texas Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Tech_University" title="Utah Tech University">Utah Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Stout" title="University of Wisconsin–Stout">UW–Stout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Tech" title="Virginia Tech">Virginia Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_State_University_Campus_of_Applied_Sciences_and_Technology" title="Wichita State University Campus of Applied Sciences and Technology">Wichita State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_University_Institute_of_Technology" title="West Virginia University Institute of Technology">WVU Tech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color: #ffffff; background-color: #003c7a; text-align: center;">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">Caltech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Technology_University" title="Capitol Technology University">Capitol Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_University" title="Clarkson University">Clarkson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Institute_of_Technology" title="Florida Institute of Technology">Florida Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrisburg_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Harrisburg University of Science and Technology">Harrisburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mudd_College" title="Harvey Mudd College">Harvey Mudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Institute_of_Technology" title="Illinois Institute of Technology">Illinois Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Institute_of_Technology" title="Indiana Institute of Technology">Indiana Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kettering_University" title="Kettering University">Kettering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Technological_University" title="Lawrence Technological University">Lawrence Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Institute_of_Technology" title="New England Institute of Technology">New England Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Institute_of_Technology" title="New York Institute of Technology">NYIT</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rensselaer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Institute_of_Technology" title="Rochester Institute of Technology">RIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose%E2%80%93Hulman_Institute_of_Technology" title="Rose–Hulman Institute of Technology">Rose–Hulman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_University" title="San Francisco Bay University">San Francisco Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevens_Institute_of_Technology" title="Stevens Institute of Technology">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washburn_Institute_of_Technology" title="Washburn Institute of Technology">Washburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wentworth_Institute_of_Technology" title="Wentworth Institute of Technology">Wentworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Worcester Polytechnic Institute">WPI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="ECAC_Hockey110" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ECAC_Hockey_League" title="Template:ECAC Hockey League"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ECAC_Hockey_League" title="Template talk:ECAC Hockey League"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ECAC_Hockey_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ECAC Hockey League"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="ECAC_Hockey110" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey" title="ECAC Hockey">ECAC Hockey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Bears" title="Brown Bears">Brown Bears</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Bears_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Brown Bears men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_Bears_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Brown Bears women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Golden_Knights" title="Clarkson Golden Knights">Clarkson Golden Knights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Golden_Knights_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Clarkson Golden Knights men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Golden_Knights_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Clarkson Golden Knights women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colgate_Raiders" title="Colgate Raiders">Colgate Raiders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colgate_Raiders_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Colgate Raiders men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colgate_Raiders_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Colgate Raiders women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Big_Red" title="Cornell Big Red">Cornell Big Red</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Big_Red_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Cornell Big Red men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Big_Red_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Cornell Big Red women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_Big_Green" title="Dartmouth Big Green">Dartmouth Big Green</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_Big_Green_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Dartmouth Big Green men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_Big_Green_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Dartmouth Big Green women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson" title="Harvard Crimson">Harvard Crimson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Harvard Crimson women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Tigers" title="Princeton Tigers">Princeton Tigers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Tigers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Princeton Tigers men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Tigers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Princeton Tigers women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinnipiac_Bobcats" title="Quinnipiac Bobcats">Quinnipiac Bobcats</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quinnipiac_Bobcats_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Quinnipiac Bobcats men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinnipiac_Bobcats_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Quinnipiac Bobcats women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rensselaer_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="Rensselaer Engineers">Rensselaer Engineers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="RPI Engineers women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Saints" title="St. Lawrence Saints">St. Lawrence Saints</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Saints_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="St. Lawrence Saints men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Saints_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="St. Lawrence Saints women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers" title="Union Garnet Chargers">Union Garnet Chargers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Union Garnet Chargers men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Union Garnet Chargers women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_Bulldogs" title="Yale Bulldogs">Yale Bulldogs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yale_Bulldogs_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Yale Bulldogs men's ice hockey">men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_Bulldogs_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Yale Bulldogs women's ice hockey">women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meehan_Auditorium" title="Meehan Auditorium">Meehan Auditorium</a> (Brown)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheel_Arena" title="Cheel Arena">Cheel Arena</a> (Clarkson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_of_1965_Arena" title="Class of 1965 Arena">Class of 1965 Arena</a> (Colgate)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynah_Rink" title="Lynah Rink">Lynah Rink</a> (Cornell)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Arena" title="Thompson Arena">Thompson Arena</a> (Dartmouth)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Hockey_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Bright Hockey Center">Bright Hockey Center</a> (Harvard)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobey_Baker_Memorial_Rink" title="Hobey Baker Memorial Rink">Hobey Baker Memorial Rink</a> (Princeton)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%26T_Bank_Arena" title="M&T Bank Arena">M&T Bank Arena</a> (Quinnipiac)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Field_House" title="Houston Field House">Houston Field House</a> (Rensselaer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appleton_Arena" title="Appleton Arena">Appleton Arena</a> (St. Lawrence)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles_Rink" title="Achilles Rink">Achilles Rink</a> (Union)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingalls_Rink" title="Ingalls Rink">Ingalls Rink</a> (Yale)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Brooks_Arena" title="Herb Brooks Arena">Herb Brooks Arena</a> (Men's tournament)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Men's awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_All-ECAC_Hockey_Teams" title="List of All-ECAC Hockey Teams">All-ECAC Hockey Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Player_of_the_Year" title="ECAC Hockey Player of the Year">Player of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Rookie_of_the_Year" title="ECAC Hockey Rookie of the Year">Rookie of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Taylor_Award_(ECAC_Hockey)" title="Tim Taylor Award (ECAC Hockey)">Tim Taylor Award (Coach of the Year)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Best_Defensive_Defenseman" title="ECAC Hockey Best Defensive Defenseman">Best Defensive Defenseman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Best_Defensive_Forward" title="ECAC Hockey Best Defensive Forward">Best Defensive Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Dryden_Award" title="Ken Dryden Award">Ken Dryden Award (Best Goaltender)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Student-Athlete_of_the_Year" title="ECAC Hockey Student-Athlete of the Year">Student-Athlete of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Dean_Sportsmanship_Award" title="Wayne Dean Sportsmanship Award">Wayne Dean Sportsmanship Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey_Most_Outstanding_Player_in_Tournament" title="ECAC Hockey Most Outstanding Player in Tournament">Most Outstanding Player in Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ECAC_Hockey_All-Tournament_Teams" title="List of ECAC Hockey All-Tournament Teams">All-Tournament Team</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Women's awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ECAC_Hockey#Women's_ECAC_championship_games" title="ECAC Hockey">Women's champions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#005189;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #d40843, inset -2px -2px 0 #d40843;;width:1%">Men's seasons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:1961%E2%80%9362_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1961–62 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1961–62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1962%E2%80%9363_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1962–63 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1962–63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1963%E2%80%9364_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1963–64 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1963–64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1964%E2%80%9365_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1964–65 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1964–65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1965%E2%80%9366_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1965–66 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1965–66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1966%E2%80%9367_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1966–67 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1966–67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1967%E2%80%9368_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1967–68 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1967–68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1968%E2%80%9369_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1968–69 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1968–69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1969%E2%80%9370_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1969–70 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1969–70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1970%E2%80%9371_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1970–71 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1970–71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1971%E2%80%9372_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1971–72 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1971–72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1972%E2%80%9373_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1972–73 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1972–73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1973%E2%80%9374_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1973–74 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1973–74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1974%E2%80%9375_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1974–75 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1974–75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1975%E2%80%9376_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1975–76 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1975–76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1976%E2%80%9377_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1976–77 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1976–77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1977%E2%80%9378_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1977–78 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1977–78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1978%E2%80%9379_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1978–79 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1978–79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1979%E2%80%9380_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1979–80 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1979–80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1980%E2%80%9381_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1980–81 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1980–81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1981%E2%80%9382_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1981–82 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1981–82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1982%E2%80%9383_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1982–83 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1982–83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1983%E2%80%9384_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1983–84 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1983–84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1984%E2%80%9385_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1984–85 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1984–85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1985%E2%80%9386_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1985–86 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1985–86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1986%E2%80%9387_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1986–87 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1986–87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1987%E2%80%9388_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1987–88 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1987–88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1988%E2%80%9389_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1988–89 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1988–89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1989%E2%80%9390_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1989–90 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1989–90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1990%E2%80%9391_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1990–91 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1990–91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1991%E2%80%9392_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1991–92 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1991–92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1992%E2%80%9393_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1992–93 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1992–93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1993%E2%80%9394_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1993–94 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1993–94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1994%E2%80%9395_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1994–95 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1994–95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1995%E2%80%9396_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1995–96 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1995–96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1996%E2%80%9397_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1996–97 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1996–97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1997%E2%80%9398_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1997–98 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1997–98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1998%E2%80%9399_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:1998–99 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1998–99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:1999%E2%80%9300_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:1999–00 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">1999–00</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2000%E2%80%9301_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2000–01 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2000–01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2001%E2%80%9302_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2001–02 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2001–02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2002%E2%80%9303_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2002–03 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2002–03</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2003%E2%80%9304_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2003–04 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2003–04</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2004%E2%80%9305_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2004–05 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2004–05</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2005%E2%80%9306_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2005–06 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2005–06</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2006%E2%80%9307_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2006–07 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2006–07</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2007%E2%80%9308_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2007–08 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2007–08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2008%E2%80%9309_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2008–09 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2008–09</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2009%E2%80%9310_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2009–10 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2009–10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2010%E2%80%9311_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2010–11 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2010–11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2011%E2%80%9312_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2011–12 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2011–12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2012%E2%80%9313_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2012–13 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2012–13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2013%E2%80%9314_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2013–14 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2013–14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2014%E2%80%9315_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2014–15 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2014–15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2015%E2%80%9316_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2015–16 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2015–16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2016%E2%80%9317_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2016–17 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2016–17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2017%E2%80%9318_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2017–18 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2017–18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2018%E2%80%9319_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2018–19 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2018–19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:2019%E2%80%9320_ECAC_Hockey_standings_(men)" title="Template:2019–20 ECAC Hockey standings (men)">2019–20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_ice_hockey_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2020–21 ECAC Hockey men's ice hockey season">2020–21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%9322_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_ice_hockey_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–22 ECAC Hockey men's ice hockey season">2021–22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_season" title="2022–23 ECAC Hockey men's season">2022–23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_season" title="2023–24 ECAC Hockey men's season">2023–24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_ECAC_Hockey_men%27s_season" title="2024–25 ECAC Hockey men's season">2024–25</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Liberty_League156" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Liberty_League_navbox" title="Template:Liberty League navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Liberty_League_navbox" title="Template talk:Liberty League navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Liberty_League_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Liberty League navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Liberty_League156" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Liberty_League" title="Liberty League">Liberty League</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;;width:1%">Current full members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bard_College" title="Bard College">Bard</a> <a href="/wiki/Bard_Raptors" class="mw-redirect" title="Bard Raptors">Raptors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarkson_University" title="Clarkson University">Clarkson</a> <a href="/wiki/Clarkson_Golden_Knights" title="Clarkson Golden Knights">Golden Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobart_and_William_Smith_Colleges" title="Hobart and William Smith Colleges">Hobart</a> <a href="/wiki/Hobart_Statesmen" title="Hobart Statesmen">Statesmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithaca_College" title="Ithaca College">Ithaca</a> <a href="/wiki/Ithaca_Bombers" title="Ithaca Bombers">Bombers</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">RPI</a> <a href="/wiki/RPI_Engineers" title="RPI Engineers">Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Institute_of_Technology" title="Rochester Institute of Technology">RIT</a> <a href="/wiki/RIT_Tigers" title="RIT Tigers">Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rochester" title="University of Rochester">Rochester</a> <a href="/wiki/Rochester_Yellowjackets" title="Rochester Yellowjackets">Yellowjackets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_University" title="St. Lawrence University">St. Lawrence</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Saints" title="St. Lawrence Saints">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skidmore_College" title="Skidmore College">Skidmore</a> <a href="/wiki/Skidmore_Thoroughbreds" class="mw-redirect" title="Skidmore Thoroughbreds">Thoroughbreds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_College" title="Union College">Union</a> <a href="/wiki/Union_Garnet_Chargers" title="Union Garnet Chargers">Garnet Chargers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassar_College" title="Vassar College">Vassar</a> <a href="/wiki/Vassar_Brewers" class="mw-redirect" title="Vassar Brewers">Brewers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobart_and_William_Smith_Colleges" title="Hobart and William Smith Colleges">William Smith</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Smith_Herons" class="mw-redirect" title="William Smith Herons">Herons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;;width:1%">Current associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_State_University" title="Buffalo State University">Buffalo State</a> <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_State_Bengals" title="Buffalo State Bengals">Bengals</a> (football)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">NYU</a> <a href="/wiki/NYU_Violets" title="NYU Violets">Violets</a> (men's and women's golf)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Fisher_University" title="St. John Fisher University">St. John Fisher</a> <a href="/wiki/St._John_Fisher_Cardinals" class="mw-redirect" title="St. John Fisher Cardinals">Cardinals</a> (men's and women's rowing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellesley_College" title="Wellesley College">Wellesley</a> <a href="/wiki/Wellesley_Blue" class="mw-redirect" title="Wellesley Blue">Blue</a> (women's golf)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;;width:1%">Former full member</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_College" title="Hamilton College">Hamilton</a> <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Continentals" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamilton Continentals">Continentals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#092971; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B00020, inset -2px -2px 0 #B00020;;width:1%">Former associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Academy" title="United States Coast Guard Academy">Coast Guard</a> <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Bears" title="Coast Guard Bears">Bears</a> (football)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Merchant_Marine_Academy" title="United States Merchant Marine Academy">Merchant Marine</a> <a href="/wiki/Merchant_Marine_Mariners" title="Merchant Marine Mariners">Mariners</a> (football and men's golf)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_College" title="Mount Holyoke College">Mount Holyoke</a> <a href="/wiki/Mount_Holyoke_Lyons" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Holyoke Lyons">Lyons</a> (women's golf)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_College" title="Springfield College">Springfield</a> <a href="/wiki/Springfield_Pride" class="mw-redirect" title="Springfield Pride">Pride</a> (football)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susquehanna_University" title="Susquehanna University">Susquehanna</a> <a href="/wiki/Susquehanna_River_Hawks" class="mw-redirect" title="Susquehanna 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