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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genome"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Genome</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genome-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Replication" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Replication"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Replication</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Replication-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-RNA_elements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#RNA_elements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>RNA elements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-RNA_elements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lifecycle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lifecycle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Lifecycle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lifecycle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viral_protein_(VPg)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viral_protein_(VPg)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span>Viral protein (VPg)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viral_protein_(VPg)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assembly_and_organization_of_the_picornavirus_VPg_ribonucleoprotein_complex" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assembly_and_organization_of_the_picornavirus_VPg_ribonucleoprotein_complex"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.4</span> <span>Assembly and organization of the picornavirus VPg ribonucleoprotein complex</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assembly_and_organization_of_the_picornavirus_VPg_ribonucleoprotein_complex-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diseases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diseases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Diseases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diseases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Picornavirus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="فيروسات بيكورناوية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيروسات بيكورناوية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Пікорнавірусы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пікорнавірусы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornavirus" title="Picornavirus – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Picornavirus" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornaviridae" title="Picornaviridae – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Picornaviridae" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornavirus" title="Picornavirus – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Picornavirus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornaviridae" title="Picornaviridae – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Picornaviridae" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornaviridae" title="Picornaviridae – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Picornaviridae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pikornabirus" title="Pikornabirus – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pikornabirus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="پیکورناویروس‌ها – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیکورناویروس‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornaviridae" title="Picornaviridae – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Picornaviridae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%8F" title="पिकोरनाविरिडाए – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पिकोरनाविरिडाए" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornaviridae" title="Picornaviridae – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Picornaviridae" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornaviridae" title="Picornaviridae – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Picornaviridae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пикорнавирустар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пикорнавирустар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87" title="فيروسات بيكورناويه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيروسات بيكورناويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornavirussen" title="Picornavirussen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Picornavirussen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E7%A7%91" title="ピコルナウイルス科 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピコルナウイルス科" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pikornawirusy" title="Pikornawirusy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pikornawirusy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornaviridae" title="Picornaviridae – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Picornaviridae" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Пикорнавирусы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пикорнавирусы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pikornavirukset" title="Pikornavirukset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pikornavirukset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picornavirus" title="Picornavirus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Picornavirus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81" title="Пікорнавірус – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пікорнавірус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li 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</th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Polioviruses.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Electronmicrograph of "Poliovirus"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Polioviruses.jpg/220px-Polioviruses.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Polioviruses.jpg/330px-Polioviruses.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Polioviruses.jpg/440px-Polioviruses.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1573" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="/wiki/Electronmicrograph" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronmicrograph">Electronmicrograph</a> of <a href="/wiki/Poliovirus" title="Poliovirus">poliovirus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhinovirus.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Isosurface of a human rhinovirus showing protein spikes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Rhinovirus.PNG/220px-Rhinovirus.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Rhinovirus.PNG/330px-Rhinovirus.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Rhinovirus.PNG/440px-Rhinovirus.PNG 2x" data-file-width="870" data-file-height="866" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Isosurface of a human <a href="/wiki/Rhinovirus" title="Rhinovirus">rhinovirus</a> showing protein spikes </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(250,250,190)"><a href="/wiki/Virus_classification" title="Virus classification">Virus classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Picornaviridae" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>(unranked): </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">Virus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Realm</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria"><i>Riboviria</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orthornavirae" title="Orthornavirae"><i>Orthornavirae</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pisuviricota" title="Pisuviricota"><i>Pisuviricota</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pisoniviricetes" title="Pisoniviricetes"><i>Pisoniviricetes</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Picornavirales" title="Picornavirales"><i>Picornavirales</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><b><i>Picornaviridae</i></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(250,250,190)">Genera<sup id="cite_ref-ICTV1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICTV1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <p><a href="#Taxonomy">See text</a> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Picornaviruses</b> are a group of related <a href="/wiki/Viral_envelope" title="Viral envelope">nonenveloped</a> <a href="/wiki/RNA_virus" title="RNA virus">RNA viruses</a> which infect <a href="/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate">vertebrates</a> including <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">birds</a>. They are <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">viruses</a> that represent a large family of small, <a href="/wiki/Positive-sense_single-stranded_RNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="Positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus">positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses</a> with a 30 nm <a href="/wiki/Icosahedron" title="Icosahedron">icosahedral</a> <a href="/wiki/Capsid" title="Capsid">capsid</a>. The viruses in this family can cause a range of diseases including the <a href="/wiki/Common_cold" title="Common cold">common cold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polio" title="Polio">poliomyelitis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meningitis" title="Meningitis">meningitis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis" title="Hepatitis">hepatitis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paralysis" title="Paralysis">paralysis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ryu_20162_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ryu_20162-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ViralZone2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ViralZone2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MettenleiterSobrino2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MettenleiterSobrino2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lau_2011_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lau_2011-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Picornaviruses constitute the <a href="/wiki/Subfamily" title="Subfamily">family</a> <i><b>Picornaviridae</b></i>, order <i><a href="/wiki/Picornavirales" title="Picornavirales">Picornavirales</a></i>, and realm <i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i>. There are 158 species in this family, assigned to 68 genera. Notable examples are genera <i><a href="/wiki/Enterovirus" title="Enterovirus">Enterovirus</a></i> (including <i><a href="/wiki/Rhinovirus" title="Rhinovirus">Rhinovirus</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Poliovirus" title="Poliovirus">Poliovirus</a></i>), <i><a href="/wiki/Aphthovirus" title="Aphthovirus">Aphthovirus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cardiovirus" title="Cardiovirus">Cardiovirus</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Hepatovirus" title="Hepatovirus">Hepatovirus</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-ICTV1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICTV1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name "picornavirus" has a dual <a href="/wiki/Etymology" title="Etymology">etymology</a>. Firstly, the name derives from <i>picorna</i>- which is an <a href="/wiki/Acronym" title="Acronym">acronym</a> for "<i>p</i>oliovirus, <i>i</i>nsensitivity to <a href="/wiki/Diethyl_ether" title="Diethyl ether">ether</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coxsackievirus" title="Coxsackievirus"><i>c</i>oxsackievirus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orphan_virus" title="Orphan virus"><i>o</i>rphan virus</a>, <i>r</i>hinovirus, and <a href="/wiki/Ribonucleic_acid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ribonucleic acid">ribo<i>n</i>ucleic <i>a</i>cid</a>". Secondly, the name derives from <a href="/wiki/Pico-" class="mw-redirect" title="Pico-"><i>pico</i>-</a>, which designates a very small unit of measurement (equivalent to 10<sup>−12</sup>), combined with <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA"><i>rna</i></a> to describe this group of very small <a href="/wiki/RNA_virus" title="RNA virus">RNA viruses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-etymology_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etymology-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first animal virus discovered (1897) was the <a href="/wiki/Foot-and-mouth_disease" title="Foot-and-mouth disease">foot-and-mouth disease</a> virus (FMDV). It is the prototypic member of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Aphthovirus" title="Aphthovirus">Aphthovirus</a></i> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Picornaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Picornaviridae">Picornaviridae</a></i> family.<sup id="cite_ref-MettenleiterSobrino2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MettenleiterSobrino2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Viral_plaque" title="Viral plaque">plaque</a> assay was developed using <a href="/wiki/Poliovirus" title="Poliovirus">poliovirus</a>; the discovery of <a href="/wiki/Viral_replication" title="Viral replication">viral replication</a> in culture was also with poliovirus in 1949. This was the first time that infectious virus had been produced in cultured cells.<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_2007_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_2007-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Proteolysis#Cleavage_of_polyproteins" title="Proteolysis">Polyprotein synthesis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internal_ribosome_entry_site" title="Internal ribosome entry site">internal ribosome entry sites</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Five-prime_cap" title="Five-prime cap">uncapped</a> <a href="/wiki/Messenger_RNA" title="Messenger RNA">mRNA</a> were all discovered by studying poliovirus infected cells, and a poliovirus clone was the first infectious <a href="/wiki/DNA_clone" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA clone">DNA clone</a> made of an <a href="/wiki/RNA_virus" title="RNA virus">RNA virus</a> in animals. Along with <a href="/wiki/Rhinovirus" title="Rhinovirus">rhinovirus</a>, poliovirus was the first animal virus to have its structure determined by <a href="/wiki/X-ray_crystallography" title="X-ray crystallography">x-ray crystallography</a>. <a href="/wiki/RNA-dependent_RNA_polymerase" title="RNA-dependent RNA polymerase">RNA dependent RNA polymerase</a> was discovered in <i><a href="/wiki/Mengovirus" title="Mengovirus">Mengovirus</a></i>, a genus of picornaviruses.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Virology">Virology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Virology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure">Structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FMDV_icosahedral_capsid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/FMDV_icosahedral_capsid.jpg/220px-FMDV_icosahedral_capsid.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/FMDV_icosahedral_capsid.jpg/330px-FMDV_icosahedral_capsid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/FMDV_icosahedral_capsid.jpg/440px-FMDV_icosahedral_capsid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="260" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Foot-and-mouth_disease_virus" title="Foot-and-mouth disease virus">FMDV</a> structural proteins VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4 form the biological protomer and icosahedral capsid.</figcaption></figure> <p>Picornaviruses are nonenveloped, with an <a href="/wiki/Icosahedron" title="Icosahedron">icosahedral</a> <a href="/wiki/Capsid" title="Capsid">capsid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ViralZone2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ViralZone2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capsid is an arrangement of 60 <a href="/wiki/Protomer_(structural_biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Protomer (structural biology)">protomers</a> in a tightly packed icosahedral structure. Each protomer consists of four <a href="/wiki/Polypeptide" class="mw-redirect" title="Polypeptide">polypeptides</a> known as VP (viral protein) 1, 2, 3 and 4. VP2 and VP4 polypeptides originate from one protomer known as VP0 that is cleaved to give the different capsid components. The icosahedral capsid is said to have a <a href="/wiki/Capsid#Triangulation_number" title="Capsid">triangulation number</a> of 3, this means that in the icosahedral structure each of the 60 triangles that make up the capsid are split into three little triangles with a subunit on the corner.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Many picornaviruses have a deep cleft formed by around each of the 12 vertices of icosahedrons. The outer surface of the capsid is composed of regions of VP1, VP2, and VP3. Around each of the vertices is a canyon lined with the C termini of VP1 and VP3. The interior surface of the capsid is composed of VP4 and the N termini of VP1. J. Esposito and <a href="/wiki/F._A._Murphy" title="F. A. Murphy">Frederick A. Murphy</a> demonstrates cleft structure referred to as canyons, using X-ray crystallography and cryoelectron microscopy.<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_2007_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_2007-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Depending on the type and degree of dehydration, the viral particle is around 30–32 nm in diameter.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The viral genome is around 2500 nm in length, so it is tightly packaged within the capsid along with substances such as <a href="/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium">sodium</a> ions to balance the negative charges on the RNA caused by the <a href="/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate">phosphate</a> groups.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genome">Genome</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Genome"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Genome_of_enteroviruses_and_aphthoviruses.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Genome_of_enteroviruses_and_aphthoviruses.png/220px-Genome_of_enteroviruses_and_aphthoviruses.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Genome_of_enteroviruses_and_aphthoviruses.png/330px-Genome_of_enteroviruses_and_aphthoviruses.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Genome_of_enteroviruses_and_aphthoviruses.png/440px-Genome_of_enteroviruses_and_aphthoviruses.png 2x" data-file-width="3354" data-file-height="2526" /></a><figcaption>Genome organization and proteins of <a href="/wiki/Enterovirus" title="Enterovirus">enteroviruses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aphthovirus" title="Aphthovirus">aphthoviruses</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Picornaviruses are classed under <a href="/wiki/Baltimore%27s_viral_classification_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore's viral classification system">Baltimore's viral classification system</a> as group IV viruses, as they contain a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA <a href="/wiki/Genome" title="Genome">genome</a>. Their genome ranges between 6.7 and 10.1 (<a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">kilobases</a>) in length.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like most positive-sense RNA genomes, the genetic material alone is infectious; although substantially less <a href="/wiki/Virulent" class="mw-redirect" title="Virulent">virulent</a> than if contained within the viral particle, the RNA can have increased infectivity when transfected into cells. The genome <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a> is unusual because it has a <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a> on the 5' end that is used as a <a href="/wiki/Primer_(molecular_biology)" title="Primer (molecular biology)">primer</a> for <a href="/wiki/Transcription_(genetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transcription (genetics)">transcription</a> by <a href="/wiki/RNA_polymerase" title="RNA polymerase">RNA polymerase</a>. This primer is called VPg genome, and it ranges between 2 and 3 kb. VPg contain tyrosine residue at the 3' end. Tyrosine as a –OH source for covalently linked to 5' end of RNA.<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_2007_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_2007-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zabel_1984_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zabel_1984-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The genome is not segmented and positive-sense (the same sense as mammalian mRNA, being read 5' to 3'). Unlike <a href="/wiki/Mammalian" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammalian">mammalian</a> <a href="/wiki/MRNA" class="mw-redirect" title="MRNA">mRNA</a>, picornaviruses do not have a <a href="/wiki/5%27_cap" class="mw-redirect" title="5' cap">5' cap</a>, but a virally encoded protein known as <a href="/wiki/VPg" title="VPg">VPg</a>. However, like mammalian mRNA, the genome does have a <a href="/wiki/Messenger_RNA#Poly(A)_tail" title="Messenger RNA">poly(A) tail</a> at the 3' end. An untranslated region (UTR) is found at both ends of the picornavirus genome. The 5' UTR is usually longer, being around 500–1200 nucleotides (nt) in length, compared to that of the 3' UTR, which is around 30–650 nt. The 5' UTR is thought to be important in translation, and the 3' in negative-strand synthesis; however, the 5' end may also have a role to play in virulence of the virus. The rest of the genome encodes structural proteins at the 5' end and nonstructural proteins at the 3' end in a single polyprotein.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The polyprotein is organised as: L-1ABCD-2ABC-3ABCD with each letter representing a protein, but variations to this layout exist.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D proteins are the capsid proteins VP4, VP2, VP3, and VP1, respectively. Virus-coded proteases perform the cleavages, some of which are intramolecular. The polyprotein is first cut to yield P1, P2, and P3. P1 becomes myristylated at the N terminus before being cleaved to VP0, VP3, and VP1, the proteins that will form procapsids; VP0 will later be cleaved to produce VP2 and VP4. Other cleavage products include 3B (VPg), 2C (an ATPase), and 3D (the RNA polymerase).<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_2007_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_2007-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Acheson_2011_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Acheson_2011-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Replication">Replication</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Replication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="RNA_elements">RNA elements</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: RNA elements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:12985_2016_561_Fig1A_HTML.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/12985_2016_561_Fig1A_HTML.jpg/220px-12985_2016_561_Fig1A_HTML.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/12985_2016_561_Fig1A_HTML.jpg/330px-12985_2016_561_Fig1A_HTML.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/12985_2016_561_Fig1A_HTML.jpg/440px-12985_2016_561_Fig1A_HTML.jpg 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="155" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Foot-and-mouth_disease_virus" title="Foot-and-mouth disease virus">Foot-and-mouth disease virus</a> genome and <a href="/wiki/Nucleic_acid_structure" title="Nucleic acid structure">RNA structural elements</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Genomic RNAs of picornaviruses possess multiple RNA elements, and they are required for both negative- and positive-strand RNA synthesis. The cis-acting replication element (CRE) is required for replication. The stem-loop-structure that contains the CRE is independent of position, but changes with location between virus types when it has been identified. Also, the 3' end elements of viral RNA are significant and efficient for RNA replication of picornaviruses. The 3' end of picornavirus contains a poly(A) tract, which is required for infectivity. RNA synthesis, though, is hypothesized to occur in this region. The 3' end NCR of poliovirus is not necessary for negative-strand synthesis, but is important element for positive–strand synthesis. Additionally, the 5' end NCR that contains secondary structural elements is required for RNA replication and poliovirus translation initiation. Internal ribosome entry sites are RNA structures that allow cap-independent initiation of translation, and are able to initiate translation in the middle of a messenger RNA.<sup id="cite_ref-Daijogo_2011_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daijogo_2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lifecycle">Lifecycle</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Lifecycle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fcimb-09-00283-g002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Fcimb-09-00283-g002.jpg/220px-Fcimb-09-00283-g002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Fcimb-09-00283-g002.jpg/330px-Fcimb-09-00283-g002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Fcimb-09-00283-g002.jpg/440px-Fcimb-09-00283-g002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="794" /></a><figcaption>Picornavirus life cycle</figcaption></figure> <p>The viral particle binds to cell surface receptors. Cell surface receptors are characterized for each serotype of picornaviruses. For example, poliovirus receptor is glycoprotein CD155, which is special receptor for human and some other primate species. For this reason, poliovirus could not be made in many laboratories until transgenic mice having a CD155 receptor on their cell surfaces were developed in the 1990s. These animals can be infected and used for studies of replication and pathogenesis.<sup id="cite_ref-Carter_2007_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carter_2007-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Binding causes a conformational change in the viral capsid proteins, and <a href="/wiki/Myristic_acid" title="Myristic acid">myristic acid</a> is released. The acid forms a pore in the cell membrane through which RNA is injected.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Once inside the cell, the RNA uncoats and the (+) strand RNA genome is replicated through a double-stranded RNA intermediate that is formed using viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Translation by host-cell ribosomes is not initiated by a 5' G cap as usual, but rather is initiated by an internal ribosome entry site. The viral life cycle is very rapid, with the whole process of replication being completed on average within 8 hours. As little as 30 minutes after initial infection, though, cell protein synthesis declines to almost zero output – essentially the macromolecular synthesis of cell proteins is shut off. Over the next 1–2 hours, a loss of margination of <a href="/wiki/Chromatin" title="Chromatin">chromatin</a> and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Homogeneity" class="extiw" title="wikt:Homogeneity">homogeneity</a> occurs in the nucleus, before the viral proteins start to be synthesized and a vacuole appears in the cytoplasm close to the nucleus that gradually starts to spread as the time after infection reaches around 3 hours. After this time, the cell plasma membrane becomes permeable; at 4–6 hours, the virus particles assemble, and can sometimes be seen in the cytoplasm. Around 8 hours, the cell is effectively dead, and lyses to release the viral particles.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Experimental data from single-step growth curve-like experiments have allowed observation of the replication of the picornaviruses in great detail. The whole of replication occurs within the host-cell cytoplasm and infection can even happen in cells that do not contain a <a href="/wiki/Cell_nucleus" title="Cell nucleus">nucleus</a> (enucleated) and those treated with <a href="/wiki/Actinomycin_D" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinomycin D">actinomycin D</a> (this antibiotic would inhibit viral replication if this occurred in the nucleus.)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Translation takes place by -1 ribosomal frameshifting, viral initiation, and ribosomal skipping. The virus exits in host cell by lysis, and viroporins. Vertebrates serve as the natural hosts. Transmission routes are fecal-oral, contact, ingestion, and air-borne particles.<sup id="cite_ref-ViralZone2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ViralZone2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Viral_protein_(VPg)"><span id="Viral_protein_.28VPg.29"></span>Viral protein (VPg)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Viral protein (VPg)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Picornaviruses have a viral protein (<a href="/wiki/VPg" title="VPg">VPg</a>) covalently linked to 5' end of their genomes instead of 7-methylguanosine cap like cellular mRNAs. Virus RNA polymerases use VPg as primer. VPg as primer uses both positive- and negative-strand RNA synthesis. Picornavirus replication is initiated by the uridylylation of VPg. It is uridylylated at the hydroxyl group of a tyrosine residue.<sup id="cite_ref-Ryu_20162_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ryu_20162-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A VPg primer mechanism is used by the picornavirus (entero- aphtho-, and others), additional virus groups (poty-, como-, calici-, and others) and picornavirus-like (coronavirus, notavirus, etc.) supergroup of RNA viruses. The mechanism has been best studied for the enteroviruses (which include many human pathogens, such as <a href="/wiki/Poliovirus" title="Poliovirus">poliovirus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coxsackie_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="Coxsackie virus">coxsackie viruses</a>), as well as for the aphthovirus, an animal pathogen causing foot-and-mouth disease.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In this group, primer-dependent RNA synthesis uses a small 22– to 25-amino acid-long viral protein linked to the VPg<sup id="cite_ref-Flanegan_1977_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flanegan_1977-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to initiate polymerase activity, where the primer is covalently bound to the 5' end of the RNA template.<sup id="cite_ref-Ambros_1978_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ambros_1978-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The uridylylation occurs at a tyrosine residue at the third position of the VPg. A CRE, which is a RNA stem loop structure, serves as a template for the uridylylation of VPg, resulting in the synthesis of VPgpUpUOH. Mutations within the CRE-RNA structure prevent VPg uridylylation, and mutations within the VPg sequence can severely diminish RdRp catalytic activity.<sup id="cite_ref-Gu_2009_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gu_2009-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the tyrosine hydroxyl of VPg can prime negative-strand RNA synthesis in a CRE- and VPgpUpUOH-independent manner, CRE-dependent VPgpUpUOH synthesis is absolutely required for positive-strand RNA synthesis. CRE-dependent VPg uridylylation lowers the K<sub>m¬</sub> of UTP required for viral RNA replication and CRE-dependent VPgpUpUOH synthesis, and is required for efficient negative-strand RNA synthesis, especially when UTP concentrations are limiting.<sup id="cite_ref-Steil_2008_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steil_2008-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The VPgpUpUOH primer is transferred to the 3’ end of the RNA template for elongation, which can continue by addition of nucleotide bases by RdRp. Partial crystal structures for VPgs of foot and mouth disease virus<sup id="cite_ref-Ferrer-Orta_2006_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferrer-Orta_2006-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and coxsackie virus B3<sup id="cite_ref-Gruez_2008_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gruez_2008-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> suggest that there may be two sites on the viral polymerase for the small VPgs of the picornaviruses. NMR solution structures of poliovirus VPg<sup id="cite_ref-Schein_2006_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schein_2006-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and VPgpU<sup id="cite_ref-Schein_2010_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schein_2010-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> show that uridylylation stabilizes the structure of the VPg, which is otherwise quite flexible in solution. The second site may be used for uridylylation,v after which the VPgpU can initiate RNA synthesis. The VPg primers of caliciviruses, whose structures are only beginning to be revealed,<sup id="cite_ref-Leen_2013_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leen_2013-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are much larger than those of the picornaviruses. Mechanisms for uridylylation and priming may be quite different in all of these groups.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>VPg uridylylation may include the use of precursor proteins, allowing for the determination of a possible mechanism for the location of the diuridylylated, VPg-containing precursor at the 3' end of positive- or negative-strand RNA for production of full-length RNA. Determinants of VPg uridylylation efficiency suggest formation and/or collapse or release of the uridylylated product as the rate-limiting step <i>in vitro </i>depending upon the VPg donor employed.<sup id="cite_ref-Pathak_2008_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pathak_2008-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precursor proteins also have an effect on VPg-CRE specificity and stability.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17855535_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17855535-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The upper RNA stem loop, to which VPg binds, has a significant impact on both retention, and recruitment, of VPg and Pol. The stem loop of CRE will partially unwind, allowing the precursor components to bind and recruit VPg and Pol4. The CRE loop has a defined consensus sequence to which the initiation components bind, but no consensus sequence exists for the supporting stem, which suggests that only the structural stability of the CRE is important.<sup id="cite_ref-Yang_2002_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yang_2002-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Assembly_and_organization_of_the_picornavirus_VPg_ribonucleoprotein_complex">Assembly and organization of the picornavirus VPg ribonucleoprotein complex</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Assembly and organization of the picornavirus VPg ribonucleoprotein complex"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>Two 3CD (VPg complex) molecules bind to CRE with the 3C domains (VPg domain) contacting the upper stem and the 3D domains (VPg domain) contacting the lower stem.</li> <li>The 3C dimer opens the RNA stem by forming a more stable interaction with single strands forming the stem.</li> <li>3Dpol is recruited to and retained in this complex by a physical interaction between the back-of-the-thumb subdomain of 3Dpol and a surface of one or both 3C subdomains of 3CD.</li></ol> <p>VPg may also play an important role in specific recognition of viral genome by movement proteins (MP), which are nonstructural proteins encoded by many, if not all, plant viruses to enable their movement from one infected cell to neighboring cells.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid21246040_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21246040-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MP and VPg interact to provide specificity for the transport of viral RNA from cell to cell. To fulfill energy requirements, MP also interacts with P10, which is a cellular ATPase.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diseases">Diseases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Diseases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Picornaviruses cause a range of diseases. Enteroviruses of the picornavirus family infect the <a href="/wiki/Intestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Intestine">enteric</a> tract, which is reflected in their name. Rhinoviruses infect primarily the <a href="/wiki/Human_nose" title="Human nose">nose</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Throat" title="Throat">throat</a>. Enteroviruses replicate at 37 °C, whereas <a href="/wiki/Rhinovirus" title="Rhinovirus">rhinoviruses</a> grow better at 33 °C, as this is the lower temperature of the nose. Enteroviruses are stable under acidic conditions, thus they are able to survive exposure to <a href="/wiki/Gastric_acid" title="Gastric acid">gastric acid</a>. In contrast, rhinoviruses are acid-labile (inactivated or destroyed by low <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> conditions), so rhinovirus infections are restricted to the nose and throat.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These genera are recognized:<sup id="cite_ref-ICTV1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICTV1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aalivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aalivirus (page does not exist)">Aalivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ailurivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ailurivirus (page does not exist)">Ailurivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ampivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ampivirus (page does not exist)">Ampivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anativirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anativirus (page does not exist)">Anativirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aphthovirus" title="Aphthovirus">Aphthovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aquamavirus" title="Aquamavirus">Aquamavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avihepatovirus" title="Avihepatovirus">Avihepatovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avisivirus" title="Avisivirus">Avisivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boosepivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boosepivirus (page does not exist)">Boosepivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bopivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bopivirus (page does not exist)">Bopivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caecilivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caecilivirus (page does not exist)">Caecilivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cardiovirus" title="Cardiovirus">Cardiovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cosavirus" title="Cosavirus">Cosavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crahelivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crahelivirus (page does not exist)">Crahelivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crohivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crohivirus (page does not exist)">Crohivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danipivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danipivirus (page does not exist)">Danipivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dicipivirus" title="Dicipivirus">Dicipivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diresapivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diresapivirus (page does not exist)">Diresapivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Enterovirus" title="Enterovirus">Enterovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erbovirus" title="Erbovirus">Erbovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Felipivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Felipivirus (page does not exist)">Felipivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fipivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fipivirus (page does not exist)">Fipivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gallivirus" title="Gallivirus">Gallivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gruhelivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gruhelivirus (page does not exist)">Gruhelivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grusopivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grusopivirus (page does not exist)">Grusopivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harkavirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harkavirus (page does not exist)">Harkavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemipivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemipivirus (page does not exist)">Hemipivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hepatovirus" title="Hepatovirus">Hepatovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hunnivirus" title="Hunnivirus">Hunnivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kobuvirus" title="Kobuvirus">Kobuvirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunsagivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kunsagivirus (page does not exist)">Kunsagivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limnipivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limnipivirus (page does not exist)">Limnipivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livupivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livupivirus (page does not exist)">Livupivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludopivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludopivirus (page does not exist)">Ludopivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malagasivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malagasivirus (page does not exist)">Malagasivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marsupivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marsupivirus (page does not exist)">Marsupivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megrivirus" title="Megrivirus">Megrivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mischivirus" title="Mischivirus">Mischivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mosavirus" title="Mosavirus">Mosavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mupivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mupivirus (page does not exist)">Mupivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myrropivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myrropivirus (page does not exist)">Myrropivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orivirus (page does not exist)">Orivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oscivirus" title="Oscivirus">Oscivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parabovirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parabovirus (page does not exist)">Parabovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parechovirus" title="Parechovirus">Parechovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pasivirus" title="Pasivirus">Pasivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Passerivirus" title="Passerivirus">Passerivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemapivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pemapivirus (page does not exist)">Pemapivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poecivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poecivirus (page does not exist)">Poecivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Potamipivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Potamipivirus (page does not exist)">Potamipivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pygoscepivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pygoscepivirus (page does not exist)">Pygoscepivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rabovirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rabovirus (page does not exist)">Rabovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafivirus (page does not exist)">Rafivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rajidapivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rajidapivirus (page does not exist)">Rajidapivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohelivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rohelivirus (page does not exist)">Rohelivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosavirus" title="Rosavirus">Rosavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sakobuvirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sakobuvirus (page does not exist)">Sakobuvirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salivirus" title="Salivirus">Salivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sapelovirus" title="Sapelovirus">Sapelovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Senecavirus" title="Senecavirus">Senecavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanbavirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shanbavirus (page does not exist)">Shanbavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sicinivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sicinivirus (page does not exist)">Sicinivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symapivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symapivirus (page does not exist)">Symapivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Teschovirus" title="Teschovirus">Teschovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torchivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torchivirus (page does not exist)">Torchivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tottorivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tottorivirus (page does not exist)">Tottorivirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tremovirus" title="Tremovirus">Tremovirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropivirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropivirus (page does not exist)">Tropivirus</a></i></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_virology" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal virology">Animal viruses</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ICTV1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ICTV1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ICTV1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ICTV1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ictv.global/taxonomy">"Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release"</a>. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Virus+Taxonomy%3A+2020+Release&rft.pub=International+Committee+on+Taxonomy+of+Viruses+%28ICTV%29&rft.date=2021-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fictv.global%2Ftaxonomy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAltanKubiskiBorosReuter2019" class="citation journal cs1">Altan E, Kubiski SV, Boros Á, Reuter G, Sadeghi M, Deng X, Creighton EK, Crim MJ, Delwart E (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fzeb.2018.1710">"A highly divergent picornavirus infecting the Gut Epithelia of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) in research institutions worldwide"</a>. <i>Zebrafish</i>. <b>16</b> (3): 291–299. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fzeb.2018.1710">10.1089/zeb.2018.1710</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30939077">30939077</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:92999901">92999901</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zebrafish&rft.atitle=A+highly+divergent+picornavirus+infecting+the+Gut+Epithelia+of+Zebrafish+%28Danio+rerio%29+in+research+institutions+worldwide&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=291-299&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A92999901%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30939077&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1089%2Fzeb.2018.1710&rft.aulast=Altan&rft.aufirst=E&rft.au=Kubiski%2C+SV&rft.au=Boros%2C+%C3%81&rft.au=Reuter%2C+G&rft.au=Sadeghi%2C+M&rft.au=Deng%2C+X&rft.au=Creighton%2C+EK&rft.au=Crim%2C+MJ&rft.au=Delwart%2C+E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1089%252Fzeb.2018.1710&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ryu_20162-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ryu_20162_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ryu_20162_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyu2016" class="citation book cs1">Ryu WS (2016). "Chapter 11 – Picornavirus". <i>Molecular virology of human pathogenic viruses</i>. Korea: Academic Press. pp. 153–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-800838-6.00011-4">10.1016/b978-0-12-800838-6.00011-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-800838-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-800838-6"><bdi>978-0-12-800838-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+11+%E2%80%93+Picornavirus&rft.btitle=Molecular+virology+of+human+pathogenic+viruses.&rft.place=Korea&rft.pages=153-64&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-800838-6.00011-4&rft.isbn=978-0-12-800838-6&rft.aulast=Ryu&rft.aufirst=WS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ViralZone2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ViralZone2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ViralZone2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ViralZone2_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/33.html">"Viral Zone"</a>. 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In Mettenleiter TC, Sobrino F (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caister.com/avir"><i>Animal Viruses: Molecular Biology</i></a>. Norfolk, UK: Caister Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904455-22-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904455-22-6"><bdi>978-1-904455-22-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Foot-and-Mouth+Disease+Virus&rft.btitle=Animal+Viruses%3A+Molecular+Biology&rft.place=Norfolk%2C+UK&rft.pub=Caister+Academic+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-904455-22-6&rft.aulast=Martinez-Salas&rft.aufirst=E&rft.au=Saiz%2C+M&rft.au=Sobrino%2C+F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.caister.com%2Favir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lau_2011-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lau_2011_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLauWooLaiHuang2011" class="citation journal cs1">Lau SK, Woo PC, Lai KK, Huang Y, Yip CC, Shek CT, Lee P, Lam CS, Chan KH, Yuen KY (September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165794">"Complete genome analysis of three novel picornaviruses from diverse bat species"</a>. <i>Journal of Virology</i>. <b>85</b> (17): 8819–28. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2FJVI.02364-10">10.1128/JVI.02364-10</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165794">3165794</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21697464">21697464</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Virology&rft.atitle=Complete+genome+analysis+of+three+novel+picornaviruses+from+diverse+bat+species&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=8819-28&rft.date=2011-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3165794%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21697464&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1128%2FJVI.02364-10&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=SK&rft.au=Woo%2C+PC&rft.au=Lai%2C+KK&rft.au=Huang%2C+Y&rft.au=Yip%2C+CC&rft.au=Shek%2C+CT&rft.au=Lee%2C+P&rft.au=Lam%2C+CS&rft.au=Chan%2C+KH&rft.au=Yuen%2C+KY&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3165794&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170921001231/https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_online_report/positive-sense-rna-viruses/picornavirales/w/picornaviridae">"Picornaviridae - Picornaviridae - Picornavirales"</a>. <i>International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Committee+on+Taxonomy+of+Viruses+%28ICTV%29&rft.atitle=Picornaviridae+-+Picornaviridae+-+Picornavirales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftalk.ictvonline.org%2Fictv-reports%2Fictv_online_report%2Fpositive-sense-rna-viruses%2Fpicornavirales%2Fw%2Fpicornaviridae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-etymology-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-etymology_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170921001231/https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_online_report/positive-sense-rna-viruses/picornavirales/w/picornaviridae">"Picornaviridae"</a>. <i>International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)</i>. 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"Picornaviruses (and other plus-strand RNA viruses)". <i>Virology: Principles and applications</i>. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 160–65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-02386-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-02386-0"><bdi>978-0-470-02386-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Picornaviruses+%28and+other+plus-strand+RNA+viruses%29&rft.btitle=Virology%3A+Principles+and+applications&rft.place=Chichester%2C+England&rft.pages=160-65&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-470-02386-0&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=John+B.&rft.au=Saunders%2C+Venetia+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnipeHowley2013" class="citation book cs1">Knipe DM, Howley P (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dxIrrMrot3gC"><i>Fields Virology</i></a>. 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John Wiley & Sons, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0470900598" title="Special:BookSources/978-0470900598"><bdi>978-0470900598</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+Molecular+Virology&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0470900598&rft.aulast=Acheson&rft.aufirst=Nicholas+H&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Daijogo_2011-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Daijogo_2011_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaijogoSemler2011" class="citation journal cs1">Daijogo S, Semler BL (2011). "Mechanistic intersections between picornavirus translation and RNA replication". <i>Advances in Virus Research</i>. <b>80</b>: 1–24. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FB978-0-12-385987-7.00001-4">10.1016/B978-0-12-385987-7.00001-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780123859877" title="Special:BookSources/9780123859877"><bdi>9780123859877</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21762819">21762819</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Virus+Research&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+intersections+between+picornavirus+translation+and+RNA+replication&rft.volume=80&rft.pages=1-24&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21762819&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB978-0-12-385987-7.00001-4&rft.isbn=9780123859877&rft.aulast=Daijogo&rft.aufirst=S&rft.au=Semler%2C+BL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/virol/polio.htm">"Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology - 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(2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/102100.htm">"Porcine Enteroviral Encephalomyelitis"</a>. <i>The Merck Veterinary Manual</i> (9th ed.). <a href="/wiki/Merck_%26_Co." title="Merck & Co.">Merck</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-911910-50-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-911910-50-6"><bdi>978-0-911910-50-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Porcine+Enteroviral+Encephalomyelitis&rft.btitle=The+Merck+Veterinary+Manual&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=Merck&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-911910-50-6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merckvetmanual.com%2Fmvm%2Findex.jsp%3Fcfile%3Dhtm%2Fbc%2F102100.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompsonDasguptaFuchsIwanami2017" class="citation journal cs1">Thompson JR, Dasgupta I, Fuchs M, Iwanami T, Karasev AV, Petrzik K, Sanfaçon H, Tzanetakis I, van der Vlugt R, Wetzel T, Yoshikawa N, et al. (ICTV Report Consortium) (April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5657025">"ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Secoviridae"</a>. <i>The Journal of General Virology</i>. <b>98</b> (4): 529–531. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1099%2Fjgv.0.000779">10.1099/jgv.0.000779</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5657025">5657025</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28452295">28452295</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+General+Virology&rft.atitle=ICTV+Virus+Taxonomy+Profile%3A+Secoviridae&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=529-531&rft.date=2017-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5657025%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28452295&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1099%2Fjgv.0.000779&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=JR&rft.au=Dasgupta%2C+I&rft.au=Fuchs%2C+M&rft.au=Iwanami%2C+T&rft.au=Karasev%2C+AV&rft.au=Petrzik%2C+K&rft.au=Sanfa%C3%A7on%2C+H&rft.au=Tzanetakis%2C+I&rft.au=van+der+Vlugt%2C+R&rft.au=Wetzel%2C+T&rft.au=Yoshikawa%2C+N&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5657025&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2020" class="citation book cs1">Thompson JR (2020). "Secoviruses (Secoviridae)". <i>Reference Module in Life Sciences</i>. pp. 692–702. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FB978-0-12-809633-8.21253-3">10.1016/B978-0-12-809633-8.21253-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-809633-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-809633-8"><bdi>978-0-12-809633-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:241194454">241194454</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Secoviruses+%28Secoviridae%29&rft.btitle=Reference+Module+in+Life+Sciences&rft.pages=692-702&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A241194454%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB978-0-12-809633-8.21253-3&rft.isbn=978-0-12-809633-8&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=JR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Picornavirus&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/picornavirus" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/picornavirus">picornavirus</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBüchen-Osmond2006" class="citation web cs1">Büchen-Osmond C, ed. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100310190115/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/">"ICTVdB – The Universal Virus Database, version 4"</a>. <i>ICTVdB Management, Mailman School of Public Health</i>. New York: Columbia University. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/">the original</a> on 10 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ICTVdB+Management%2C+Mailman+School+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=ICTVdB+%E2%80%93+The+Universal+Virus+Database%2C+version+4&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2FICTVdb%2FICTVdB%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2007/MB_cgi?term=Picornaviridae">"Picornaviridae"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">Medical Subject Headings</a> (MeSH)</i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Medicine">National Library of Medicine</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Medical+Subject+Headings+%28MeSH%29&rft.atitle=Picornaviridae&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nlm.nih.gov%2Fcgi%2Fmesh%2F2007%2FMB_cgi%3Fterm%3DPicornaviridae&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.picornaviridae.com/">"Picornavirus"</a>. The Pirbright Institute<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Picornavirus&rft.pub=The+Pirbright+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.picornaviridae.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APicornavirus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ictv.global/report/picornaviridae"><b>ICTV Online Report</b> <i>Picornaviridae</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/default.aspx">ICTV International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Master Species Lists</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305084519/http://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/default.aspx">Archived</a> 5 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ictvonline.org/index.asp">ICTV International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (official site)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170203185623/http://ictvonline.org/index.asp">Archived</a> 3 February 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070603132644/http://www.mcb.uct.ac.za/cann/335/Picornaviruses.html">Picornaviruses</a> – description, replication, disease</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=12058">Picornaviruses in NCBI Taxonomy browser</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.picornaviridae.com/"><i>Picornaviridae</i> classification</a> by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.horizonpress.com/gateway/animal-viruses.html">Animal viruses</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/33.html"><b>Viralzone</b>: Picornaviridae</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.viprbrc.org/brc/home.do?decorator=picorna">Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Picornaviridae</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ictvonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp"><b>ICTV</b></a></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="I:_dsDNA_viruses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">I: <a href="/wiki/DsDNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="DsDNA virus">dsDNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Adnaviria" title="Adnaviria">Adnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Zilligvirae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Zilligvirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Zilligvirae">Zilligvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Taleaviricota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Taleaviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Taleaviricota">Taleaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tokiviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tokiviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokiviricetes">Tokiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ligamenvirales" title="Ligamenvirales">Ligamenvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lipothrixviridae" title="Lipothrixviridae">Lipothrixviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rudiviridae" title="Rudiviridae">Rudiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Primavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Primavirales">Primavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tristromaviridae" title="Tristromaviridae">Tristromaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Duplodnaviria" title="Duplodnaviria">Duplodnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Heunggongvirae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Heunggongvirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Heunggongvirae">Heunggongvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Peploviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Peploviricota">Peploviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Herviviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Herviviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Herviviricetes">Herviviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Herpesvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Herpesvirales" title="Herpesvirales">Herpesvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alloherpesviridae" title="Alloherpesviridae">Alloherpesviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herpesviridae" title="Herpesviridae">Herpesviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Malacoherpesviridae" title="Malacoherpesviridae">Malacoherpesviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Uroviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Uroviricota">Uroviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Caudoviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Caudoviricetes" title="Caudoviricetes">Caudoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Caudovirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Caudovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Caudovirales">Caudovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ackermannviridae" title="Ackermannviridae">Ackermannviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Autographiviridae" title="Autographiviridae">Autographiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaseviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaseviridae (page does not exist)">Chaseviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demerecviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demerecviridae (page does not exist)">Demerecviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drexlerviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drexlerviridae (page does not exist)">Drexlerviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guelinviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guelinviridae (page does not exist)">Guelinviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herelleviridae" title="Herelleviridae">Herelleviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myoviridae" title="Myoviridae">Myoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Podoviridae" title="Podoviridae">Podoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rountreeviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rountreeviridae (page does not exist)">Rountreeviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salasmaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salasmaviridae (page does not exist)">Salasmaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schitoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schitoviridae (page does not exist)">Schitoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siphoviridae" title="Siphoviridae">Siphoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zobellviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zobellviridae (page does not exist)">Zobellviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Monodnaviria" title="Monodnaviria">Monodnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Shotokuvirae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Shotokuvirae" title="Shotokuvirae">Shotokuvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cossaviricota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cossaviricota" title="Cossaviricota">Cossaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Papovaviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Papovaviricetes" title="Papovaviricetes">Papovaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Sepolyvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Sepolyvirales">Sepolyvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Polyomaviridae" title="Polyomaviridae">Polyomaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Zurhausenvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Zurhausenvirales">Zurhausenvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Papillomaviridae" title="Papillomaviridae">Papillomaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Varidnaviria" title="Varidnaviria">Varidnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Bamfordvirae" title="Bamfordvirae">Bamfordvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nucleocytoviricota" title="Nucleocytoviricota">Nucleocytoviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pokkesviricetes" title="Pokkesviricetes">Pokkesviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Asfuvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Asfuvirales">Asfuvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Asfarviridae" title="Asfarviridae">Asfarviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Chitovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Chitovirales">Chitovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Poxviridae" title="Poxviridae">Poxviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Megaviricetes" title="Megaviricetes">Megaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Algavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Algavirales">Algavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Phycodnaviridae" title="Phycodnaviridae">Phycodnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Imitervirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Imitervirales">Imitervirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mimiviridae" title="Mimiviridae">Mimiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pimascovirales" title="Pimascovirales">Pimascovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ascoviridae" title="Ascoviridae">Ascoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iridoviridae" title="Iridoviridae">Iridoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marseilleviridae" title="Marseilleviridae">Marseilleviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Preplasmiviricota" title="Preplasmiviricota">Preplasmiviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Maveriviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Maveriviricetes">Maveriviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Priklausovirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Priklausovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Priklausovirales">Priklausovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lavidaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavidaviridae">Lavidaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Polintoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Polintoviricetes">Polintoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthopolintovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthopolintovirales">Orthopolintovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adintoviridae" title="Adintoviridae">Adintoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tectiliviricetes" title="Tectiliviricetes">Tectiliviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Belfryvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Belfryvirales">Belfryvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Turriviridae" title="Turriviridae">Turriviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Kalamavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalamavirales">Kalamavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tectiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectiviridae">Tectiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Rowavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Rowavirales">Rowavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adenoviridae" title="Adenoviridae">Adenoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Vinavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Vinavirales">Vinavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Corticoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Corticoviridae">Corticoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Helvetiavirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Helvetiavirae">Helvetiavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dividoviricota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Dividoviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Dividoviricota">Dividoviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Laserviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Laserviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Laserviricetes">Laserviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Halopanivirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Halopanivirales" title="Halopanivirales">Halopanivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Matshushitaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Matshushitaviridae">Matshushitaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simuloviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Simuloviridae">Simuloviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sphaerolipoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sphaerolipoviridae">Sphaerolipoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Naldaviricetes" title="Naldaviricetes">Naldaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lefavirales" title="Lefavirales">Lefavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baculoviridae" title="Baculoviridae">Baculoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hytrosaviridae" title="Hytrosaviridae">Hytrosaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nudiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nudiviridae">Nudiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nimaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Nimaviridae">Nimaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Families</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Ampullaviridae" title="Ampullaviridae">Ampullaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bicaudaviridae" title="Bicaudaviridae">Bicaudaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clavaviridae" title="Clavaviridae">Clavaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fuselloviridae" title="Fuselloviridae">Fuselloviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Globuloviridae" title="Globuloviridae">Globuloviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guttaviridae" title="Guttaviridae">Guttaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Halspiviridae" title="Halspiviridae">Halspiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ovaliviridae" title="Ovaliviridae">Ovaliviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plasmaviridae" title="Plasmaviridae">Plasmaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polydnaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Polydnaviridae">Polydnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portogloboviridae" title="Portogloboviridae">Portogloboviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thaspiviridae" title="Thaspiviridae">Thaspiviridae</a></i></li> <li><b>Genera</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Dinodnavirus" title="Dinodnavirus">Dinodnavirus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhizidiovirus" title="Rhizidiovirus">Rhizidiovirus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="II:_ssDNA_viruses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">II: <a href="/wiki/SsDNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="SsDNA virus">ssDNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Monodnaviria" title="Monodnaviria">Monodnaviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Loebvirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Loebvirae">Loebvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hofneiviricota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Hofneiviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Hofneiviricota">Hofneiviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Faserviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Faserviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Faserviricetes">Faserviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tubulavirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tubulavirales" title="Tubulavirales">Tubulavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Inoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Inoviridae">Inoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulinoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulinoviridae (page does not exist)">Paulinoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plectroviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plectroviridae (page does not exist)">Plectroviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Sangervirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangervirae">Sangervirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Phixviricota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Phixviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Phixviricota">Phixviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Malgrandaviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Malgrandaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Malgrandaviricetes">Malgrandaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Petitvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Petitvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Petitvirales">Petitvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Microviridae" title="Microviridae">Microviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Shotokuvirae" title="Shotokuvirae">Shotokuvirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cossaviricota" title="Cossaviricota">Cossaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mouviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouviricetes">Mouviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Polivirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Polivirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Polivirales">Polivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bidnaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidnaviridae">Bidnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Quintoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Quintoviricetes">Quintoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Piccovirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Piccovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Piccovirales">Piccovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Parvoviridae" title="Parvoviridae">Parvoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cressdnaviricota" title="Cressdnaviricota">Cressdnaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Arfiviricetes" title="Arfiviricetes">Arfiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Baphyvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Baphyvirales">Baphyvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bacilladnaviridae" title="Bacilladnaviridae">Bacilladnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cirlivirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Cirlivirales">Cirlivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Circoviridae" title="Circoviridae">Circoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cremevirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Cremevirales">Cremevirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Smacoviridae" title="Smacoviridae">Smacoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mulpavirales" title="Mulpavirales">Mulpavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metaxyviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metaxyviridae (page does not exist)">Metaxyviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nanoviridae" title="Nanoviridae">Nanoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Recrevirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Recrevirales">Recrevirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Redondoviridae" title="Redondoviridae">Redondoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Repensiviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Repensiviricetes">Repensiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Geplafuvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Geplafuvirales" title="Geplafuvirales">Geplafuvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Geminiviridae" title="Geminiviridae">Geminiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Genomoviridae" title="Genomoviridae">Genomoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Trapavirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Trapavirae">Trapavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Saleviricota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Saleviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Saleviricota">Saleviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Huolimaviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Huolimaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Huolimaviricetes">Huolimaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Haloruvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Haloruvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Haloruvirales">Haloruvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pleolipoviridae" title="Pleolipoviridae">Pleolipoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Families</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Anelloviridae" title="Anelloviridae">Anelloviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Finnlakeviridae" title="Finnlakeviridae">Finnlakeviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spiraviridae" title="Spiraviridae">Spiraviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/RNA_virus" title="RNA virus">RNA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="III:_dsRNA_viruses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">III: <a href="/wiki/Double-stranded_RNA_viruses" title="Double-stranded RNA viruses">dsRNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Orthornavirae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthornavirae" title="Orthornavirae">Orthornavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Duplornaviricota" title="Duplornaviricota">Duplornaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Chrymotiviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrymotiviricetes">Chrymotiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ghabrivirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ghabrivirales" title="Ghabrivirales">Ghabrivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chrysoviridae" title="Chrysoviridae">Chrysoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megabirnaviridae" title="Megabirnaviridae">Megabirnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quadriviridae" title="Quadriviridae">Quadriviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Totiviridae" title="Totiviridae">Totiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Resentoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Resentoviricetes">Resentoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Reovirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Reovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Reovirales">Reovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Reoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Reoviridae">Reoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Vidaverviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Vidaverviricetes">Vidaverviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mindivirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mindivirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Mindivirales">Mindivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cystoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cystoviridae">Cystoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pisuviricota" title="Pisuviricota">Pisuviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Duplopiviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Duplopiviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Duplopiviricetes">Duplopiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Durnavirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Durnavirales" title="Durnavirales">Durnavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amalgaviridae" title="Amalgaviridae">Amalgaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curvulaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curvulaviridae (page does not exist)">Curvulaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypoviridae">Hypoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Picobirnaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Picobirnaviridae">Picobirnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Partitiviridae" title="Partitiviridae">Partitiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Families</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Birnaviridae" title="Birnaviridae">Birnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polymycoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polymycoviridae (page does not exist)">Polymycoviridae</a></i></li> <li><b>Genera</b>: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Botybirnavirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Botybirnavirus (page does not exist)">Botybirnavirus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="IV:_(+)ssRNA_viruses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">IV: <a href="/wiki/Positive-sense_ssRNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="Positive-sense ssRNA virus">(+)ssRNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Orthornavirae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthornavirae" title="Orthornavirae">Orthornavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Kitrinoviricota" title="Kitrinoviricota">Kitrinoviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Alsuviricetes" title="Alsuviricetes">Alsuviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Hepelivirales" title="Hepelivirales">Hepelivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alphatetraviridae" title="Alphatetraviridae">Alphatetraviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benyviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Benyviridae">Benyviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hepeviridae" title="Hepeviridae">Hepeviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matonaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Matonaviridae">Matonaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Martellivirales" title="Martellivirales">Martellivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bromoviridae" title="Bromoviridae">Bromoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Closteroviridae" title="Closteroviridae">Closteroviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Endornaviridae" title="Endornaviridae">Endornaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitaviridae (page does not exist)">Kitaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mayoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mayoviridae (page does not exist)">Mayoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Togaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Togaviridae">Togaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virgaviridae" title="Virgaviridae">Virgaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tymovirales" title="Tymovirales">Tymovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alphaflexiviridae" title="Alphaflexiviridae">Alphaflexiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Betaflexiviridae" title="Betaflexiviridae">Betaflexiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deltaflexiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deltaflexiviridae (page does not exist)">Deltaflexiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gammaflexiviridae" title="Gammaflexiviridae">Gammaflexiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tymoviridae" title="Tymoviridae">Tymoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Flasuviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Flasuviricetes">Flasuviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Amarillovirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Amarillovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Amarillovirales">Amarillovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Flaviviridae" title="Flaviviridae">Flaviviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Magsaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Magsaviricetes">Magsaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nodamuvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nodamuvirales" title="Nodamuvirales">Nodamuvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nodaviridae" title="Nodaviridae">Nodaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinhaliviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinhaliviridae (page does not exist)">Sinhaliviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tolucaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolucaviricetes">Tolucaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tolivirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Tolivirales" title="Tolivirales">Tolivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Carmotetraviridae" title="Carmotetraviridae">Carmotetraviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luteoviridae" title="Luteoviridae">Luteoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tombusviridae" title="Tombusviridae">Tombusviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Lenarviricota" title="Lenarviricota">Lenarviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Leviviricetes" title="Leviviricetes">Leviviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Norzivirales" title="Norzivirales">Norzivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Atkinsviridae" title="Atkinsviridae">Atkinsviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Duinviridae" title="Duinviridae">Duinviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fiersviridae" title="Fiersviridae">Fiersviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solspiviridae" title="Solspiviridae">Solspiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Timlovirales" title="Timlovirales">Timlovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blumeviridae" title="Blumeviridae">Blumeviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Steitzviridae" title="Steitzviridae">Steitzviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Amabiliviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Amabiliviricetes">Amabiliviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Wolframvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Wolframvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolframvirales">Wolframvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Narnaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Narnaviridae">Narnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Howeltoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Howeltoviricetes">Howeltoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cryppavirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Cryppavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryppavirales">Cryppavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mitoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitoviridae">Mitoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Miaviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Miaviricetes">Miaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ourlivirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ourlivirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Ourlivirales">Ourlivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Botourmiaviridae" title="Botourmiaviridae">Botourmiaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pisuviricota" title="Pisuviricota">Pisuviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pisoniviricetes" title="Pisoniviricetes">Pisoniviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nidovirales" title="Nidovirales">Nidovirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abyssoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Abyssoviridae">Abyssoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arteriviridae" title="Arteriviridae">Arteriviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cremegaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cremegaviridae (page does not exist)">Cremegaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coronaviridae" title="Coronaviridae">Coronaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euroniviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euroniviridae (page does not exist)">Euroniviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gresnaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gresnaviridae (page does not exist)">Gresnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medioniviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medioniviridae (page does not exist)">Medioniviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesoniviridae" title="Mesoniviridae">Mesoniviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mononiviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Mononiviridae">Mononiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanghoshaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanghoshaviridae (page does not exist)">Nanghoshaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanhypoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanhypoviridae (page does not exist)">Nanhypoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olifoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olifoviridae (page does not exist)">Olifoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roniviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Roniviridae">Roniviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tobaniviridae" title="Tobaniviridae">Tobaniviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Picornavirales" title="Picornavirales">Picornavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Picornaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Picornaviridae">Picornaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marnaviridae" title="Marnaviridae">Marnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solinviviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solinviviridae (page does not exist)">Solinviviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Caliciviridae" title="Caliciviridae">Caliciviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iflaviridae" title="Iflaviridae">Iflaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secoviridae" title="Secoviridae">Secoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dicistroviridae" title="Dicistroviridae">Dicistroviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polycipiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polycipiviridae (page does not exist)">Polycipiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Sobelivirales" title="Sobelivirales">Sobelivirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alvernaviridae" title="Alvernaviridae">Alvernaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barnaviridae" title="Barnaviridae">Barnaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solemoviridae" title="Solemoviridae">Solemoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Stelpaviricetes" title="Stelpaviricetes">Stelpaviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Patatavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Patatavirales">Patatavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Potyviridae" title="Potyviridae">Potyviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Stellavirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Stellavirales">Stellavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Astroviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Astroviridae">Astroviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unassigned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Families</b>: <i><a href="/wiki/Permutotetraviridae" title="Permutotetraviridae">Permutotetraviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarthroviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarthroviridae">Sarthroviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="V:_(–)ssRNA_viruses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">V: <a href="/wiki/Negative-sense_ssRNA_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="Negative-sense ssRNA virus">(–)ssRNA viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Orthornavirae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Orthornavirae" title="Orthornavirae">Orthornavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Negarnaviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Negarnaviricota">Negarnaviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Chunqiuviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Chunqiuviricetes">Chunqiuviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Muvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Muvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Muvirales">Muvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Qinviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Qinviridae">Qinviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ellioviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Ellioviricetes">Ellioviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Bunyavirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Bunyavirales" title="Bunyavirales">Bunyavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cruliviridae" title="Cruliviridae">Cruliviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arenaviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Arenaviridae">Arenaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fimoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fimoviridae">Fimoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hantaviridae" title="Hantaviridae">Hantaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leishbuviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leishbuviridae (page does not exist)">Leishbuviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mypoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mypoviridae (page does not exist)">Mypoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nairoviridae" title="Nairoviridae">Nairoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peribunyaviridae" title="Peribunyaviridae">Peribunyaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phasmaviridae" title="Phasmaviridae">Phasmaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phenuiviridae" title="Phenuiviridae">Phenuiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tospoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tospoviridae">Tospoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wupedeviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wupedeviridae (page does not exist)">Wupedeviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Insthoviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Insthoviricetes">Insthoviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Articulavirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Articulavirales" title="Articulavirales">Articulavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amnoonviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Amnoonviridae">Amnoonviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthomyxoviridae" title="Orthomyxoviridae">Orthomyxoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Milneviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Milneviricetes">Milneviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Serpentovirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Serpentovirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Serpentovirales">Serpentovirales </a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aspiviridae" title="Aspiviridae">Aspiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Monjiviricetes" title="Monjiviricetes">Monjiviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Jingchuvirales" title="Jingchuvirales">Jingchuvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aliusviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aliusviridae (page does not exist)">Aliusviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chuviridae" title="Chuviridae">Chuviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crepuscuviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crepuscuviridae (page does not exist)">Crepuscuviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myriaviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myriaviridae (page does not exist)">Myriaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natareviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natareviridae (page does not exist)">Natareviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mononegavirales" title="Mononegavirales">Mononegavirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Artoviridae" title="Artoviridae">Artoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bornaviridae" title="Bornaviridae">Bornaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Filoviridae" title="Filoviridae">Filoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lispiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lispiviridae (page does not exist)">Lispiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mymonaviridae" title="Mymonaviridae">Mymonaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nyamiviridae" title="Nyamiviridae">Nyamiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paramyxoviridae" title="Paramyxoviridae">Paramyxoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pneumoviridae" title="Pneumoviridae">Pneumoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhabdoviridae" title="Rhabdoviridae">Rhabdoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunviridae" title="Sunviridae">Sunviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xinmoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xinmoviridae (page does not exist)">Xinmoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Yunchangviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunchangviricetes">Yunchangviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Goujianvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Goujianvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Goujianvirales">Goujianvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yueviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Yueviridae">Yueviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ambiviricota" title="Ambiviricota">Ambiviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Suforviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Suforviricetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Suforviricetes">Suforviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Crytulvirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Crytulvirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Crytulvirales">Crytulvirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dumbiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dumbiviridae (page does not exist)">Dumbiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quambiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quambiviridae (page does not exist)">Quambiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trimbiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trimbiviridae (page does not exist)">Trimbiviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unambiviridae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unambiviridae (page does not exist)">Unambiviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reverse_transcribing_virus" title="Reverse transcribing virus">RT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="VI:_ssRNA-RT_viruses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">VI: <a href="/wiki/SsRNA-RT_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="SsRNA-RT virus">ssRNA-RT viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pararnavirae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pararnavirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pararnavirae">Pararnavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Artverviricota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Artverviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Artverviricota">Artverviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Revtraviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Revtraviricetes" title="Revtraviricetes">Revtraviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ortervirales" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ortervirales" title="Ortervirales">Ortervirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Belpaoviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Belpaoviridae">Belpaoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metaviridae" title="Metaviridae">Metaviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudoviridae" title="Pseudoviridae">Pseudoviridae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Retroviridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Retroviridae">Retroviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="VII:_dsDNA-RT_viruses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">VII: <a href="/wiki/DsDNA-RT_virus" class="mw-redirect" title="DsDNA-RT virus">dsDNA-RT viruses</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riboviria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Riboviria" title="Riboviria">Riboviria</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pararnavirae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Pararnavirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pararnavirae">Pararnavirae</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Artverviricota" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Artverviricota" class="mw-redirect" title="Artverviricota">Artverviricota</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Revtraviricetes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Revtraviricetes" title="Revtraviricetes">Revtraviricetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Blubervirales" class="mw-redirect" title="Blubervirales">Blubervirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hepadnaviridae" title="Hepadnaviridae">Hepadnaviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ortervirales" title="Ortervirales">Ortervirales</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Caulimoviridae" title="Caulimoviridae">Caulimoviridae</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Picornaviridae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q936600" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q936600">Q936600</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Picornaviridae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Picornaviridae">Picornaviridae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/625LB">625LB</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/8043">8043</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1PRNAF">1PRNAF</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/4517">4517</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/199587">199587</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=114264">114264</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=12058">12058</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=600084">600084</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" 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