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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatter" title="Splatter – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Splatter" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatterfilm" title="Splatterfilm – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Splatterfilm" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatterfilm" title="Splatterfilm – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Splatterfilm" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatter" title="Splatter – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Splatter" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatters" title="Splatters – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Splatters" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatterfilm" title="Splatterfilm – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Splatterfilm" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%98%ED%84%B0_%EC%98%81%ED%99%94" title="스플래터 영화 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스플래터 영화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_splatter" title="Film splatter – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Film splatter" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatter" title="Splatter – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Splatter" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatterfilm" title="Splatterfilm – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Splatterfilm" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E6%98%A0%E7%94%BB" title="スプラッター映画 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スプラッター映画" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatterfilm" title="Splatterfilm – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Splatterfilm" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatter" title="Splatter – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Splatter" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сплэттер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сплэттер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Сплатер филм – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сплатер филм" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatter" title="Splatter – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Splatter" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splatter" title="Splatter – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Splatter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q909586#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Horror genre</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blood-feast.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Blood-feast.jpg/200px-Blood-feast.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/ba/Blood-feast.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="389" /></a><figcaption>Poster art for <i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Feast" title="Blood Feast">Blood Feast</a></i> (1963), considered to be the first splatter film</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>splatter film</b> is a subgenre of <a href="/wiki/Horror_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Horror films">horror films</a> that deliberately focuses on graphic portrayals of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gore" class="extiw" title="wikt:gore">gore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Graphic_violence" title="Graphic violence">graphic violence</a>. These films, usually through the use of <a href="/wiki/Special_effect" title="Special effect">special effects</a>, display a fascination with the vulnerability of the human body and the theatricality of its mutilation. The term "splatter cinema" was coined by <a href="/wiki/George_A._Romero" title="George A. Romero">George A. Romero</a> to describe his film <i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_of_the_Dead_(1978_film)" title="Dawn of the Dead (1978 film)">Dawn of the Dead</a></i>, though <i>Dawn of the Dead</i> is generally considered by critics to have higher aspirations, such as social commentary, than to be simply exploitative for its own sake.<sup id="cite_ref-mccarty_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mccarty-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term was popularized by John McCarty's 1981 book <i>Splatter Movies</i>, subtitled: <i>Breaking The Last Taboo: A Critical Survey of the Wildly Demented Sub Genre of the Horror Film that Is Changing the Face of Film Realism Forever</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first significant publication to attempt to define and analyse the 'splatter film', McCarty suggests that splatter is indicative of broader trends in film production. Though splatter is associated with fairly extreme horror films, and such works form the main focus of the book, a relatively diverse range of titles dating mainly from the 1960s to late 1970s are also included, for example <a href="/wiki/John_Waters" title="John Waters">John Waters</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Female_Trouble" title="Female Trouble">Female Trouble</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Ted_Post" title="Ted Post">Ted Post</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Magnum_Force" title="Magnum Force">Magnum Force</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Terry_Gilliam" title="Terry Gilliam">Terry Gilliam</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Jabberwocky_(film)" title="Jabberwocky (film)">Jabberwocky</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hill" title="Walter Hill">Walter Hill</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Western_(genre)" title="Western (genre)">Western</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Riders" title="The Long Riders">The Long Riders</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This filmography implies that the influence of film-makers such as <a href="/wiki/Sam_Peckinpah" title="Sam Peckinpah">Sam Peckinpah</a> or <a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol" title="Andy Warhol">Andy Warhol</a>, to name two, is as significant to the development of the form as <a href="/wiki/Grand_Guignol" title="Grand Guignol">Grand Guignol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hammer_Films" class="mw-redirect" title="Hammer Films">Hammer Films</a> or <a href="/wiki/Herschell_Gordon_Lewis" title="Herschell Gordon Lewis">Herschell Gordon Lewis</a>. </p><p>During the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the use of graphic violence in cinema has been labeled "<b>torture porn</b>" or "<b>gorno</b>" (a <a href="/wiki/Portmanteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Portmanteau">portmanteau</a> of "gore" and "porno").<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By contrast, films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Braindead_(film)" title="Braindead (film)">Braindead</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Evil_Dead_II" title="Evil Dead II">Evil Dead II</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Idle_Hands" title="Idle Hands">Idle Hands</a></i>, and to some extent <i>Dawn of the Dead</i>, all of which feature over-the-top gore, can be construed as <a href="/wiki/Slapstick_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Slapstick comedy">comedic</a>, and fall into the category of <b>splatstick</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Splatter_film&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Splatter films, according to film critic <a href="/wiki/Michael_Arnzen" title="Michael Arnzen">Michael Arnzen</a>, "self-consciously revel in the special effects of gore as an artform."<sup id="cite_ref-arnzen_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arnzen-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Where typical horror films deal with such fears as that of the unknown, the supernatural and the dark, the impetus for fear in a splatter film comes from physical destruction of the body and the pain accompanying it. There is also an emphasis on visuals, style and technique, including hyperactive camerawork. Where most horror films have a tendency to re-establish the social and moral order with good triumphing over evil, splatter films thrive on a lack of order. Arnzen argues that "the spectacle of violence replaces any pretensions to narrative structure, because gore is the only part of the film that is reliably consistent."<sup id="cite_ref-arnzen_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arnzen-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These films also often feature fragmented narratives and direction, including "manic montages full of subject camera movement ... cross-cuttings from hunted to hunter, and ominous juxtapositions and contrasts."<sup id="cite_ref-arnzen_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arnzen-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Splatter_film&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The splatter film has its aesthetic roots in French <a href="/wiki/Grand_Guignol" title="Grand Guignol">Grand Guignol</a> theatre, which endeavored to stage realistic scenes of blood and carnage for its patrons. In 1908, Grand Guignol made its first appearance in England, although the gore was downplayed in favor of a more <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Romanticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic Romanticism">Gothic</a> tone, owing to the greater censorship of the arts in Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-mccarty_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mccarty-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first appearance of gore—the realistic mutilation of the human body—in cinema can be traced to <a href="/wiki/D._W._Griffith" title="D. W. Griffith">D. W. Griffith</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Intolerance_(film)" title="Intolerance (film)">Intolerance</a></i> (1916), which features numerous Guignol-esque touches, including two onscreen decapitations, and a scene in which a spear is slowly driven through a soldier's naked abdomen as blood wells from the wound. Several of Griffith's subsequent films, and those of his contemporary <a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMille" title="Cecil B. DeMille">Cecil B. DeMille</a>, featured similarly realistic carnage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Splatter_film&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the public was reintroduced to splatter themes and motifs by groundbreaking films such as <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Psycho_(1960_film)" title="Psycho (1960 film)">Psycho</a></i> (1960) and the output of <a href="/wiki/Hammer_Film_Productions" title="Hammer Film Productions">Hammer Film Productions</a> (an artistic outgrowth of the English Grand Guignol style) such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Curse_of_Frankenstein" title="The Curse of Frankenstein">The Curse of Frankenstein</a></i> (1957) and <i><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1958_film)" title="Dracula (1958 film)">Horror of Dracula</a></i> (1958). Perhaps the most explicitly violent film of this era was <a href="/wiki/Nobuo_Nakagawa" title="Nobuo Nakagawa">Nobuo Nakagawa</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Jigoku_(film)" title="Jigoku (film)">Jigoku</a></i> (1960), which included numerous scenes of flaying and dismemberment in its depiction of the <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a> underworld <a href="/wiki/Naraka" title="Naraka">Naraka</a>. </p><p>Splatter came into its own as a distinct subgenre of horror in the early 1960s with the films of <a href="/wiki/Herschell_Gordon_Lewis" title="Herschell Gordon Lewis">Herschell Gordon Lewis</a> in the United States. Eager to maintain a profitable niche, Lewis turned to something that mainstream cinema still rarely featured: scenes of visceral, explicit gore. In 1963, he directed <i><a href="/wiki/Blood_Feast" title="Blood Feast">Blood Feast</a></i>, widely considered the first splatter film.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 15 years following its release, <i>Blood Feast</i> took in an estimated $7 million. It was made for an estimated $24,500.<sup id="cite_ref-profoundly_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-profoundly-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Blood Feast</i> was followed by two more gore films by Herschell Gordon Lewis, <i><a href="/wiki/Two_Thousand_Maniacs!" title="Two Thousand Maniacs!">Two Thousand Maniacs!</a></i> (1964) and <i><a href="/wiki/Color_Me_Blood_Red" title="Color Me Blood Red">Color Me Blood Red</a></i> (1965). </p><p>The popularity of the splatter film in the 1970s was met with strong reactions in the US and the U.K. <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> in the U.S., and <a href="/wiki/Graham_Bright" title="Graham Bright">Member of Parliament Graham Bright</a> in the U.K., led the charge to censor splatter films on home video with the film critic going after <i><a href="/wiki/I_Spit_on_Your_Grave" title="I Spit on Your Grave">I Spit on Your Grave</a></i> while the politician sponsored the <a href="/wiki/Video_Recordings_Act_1984" title="Video Recordings Act 1984">Video Recordings Act</a>, a system of censorship and certification for home video in the U.K.<sup id="cite_ref-newman_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newman-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This resulted in the outright banning of many splatter films, which were deemed "<a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">video nasties</a>" in the British press. </p><p>Some splatter directors have gone on to produce mainstream hits. <a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> started his career in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> by directing the splatter movies <i><a href="/wiki/Bad_Taste" title="Bad Taste">Bad Taste</a></i> (1987) and <i><a href="/wiki/Braindead_(1992_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Braindead (1992 film)">Braindead</a></i> (1992). These films featured such over-the-top gore that it became a <a href="/wiki/Comedic_device" title="Comedic device">comedic device</a>. These comedic gore films have been dubbed "splatstick", defined as physical comedy that involves dismemberment. Splatstick seems to be more common in Japan, with the examples of <i><a href="/wiki/Robogeisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Robogeisha">Robogeisha</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Gore_Police" title="Tokyo Gore Police">Tokyo Gore Police</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Machine_Girl" class="mw-redirect" title="Machine Girl">Machine Girl</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-mccarty_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mccarty-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CannibalHolocaustimpale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/CannibalHolocaustimpale.jpg/220px-CannibalHolocaustimpale.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/CannibalHolocaustimpale.jpg/330px-CannibalHolocaustimpale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9f/CannibalHolocaustimpale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="262" /></a><figcaption>The 1980 mockumentary <i><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_Holocaust" title="Cannibal Holocaust">Cannibal Holocaust</a></i>, an influential example of splatter cinema</figcaption></figure> <p>Splatter films have pioneered techniques used in other genres. For example, the popular 1999 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blair_Witch_Project" title="The Blair Witch Project">The Blair Witch Project</a></i> is similar to the 1980 film <i><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_Holocaust" title="Cannibal Holocaust">Cannibal Holocaust</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The story in <i>Cannibal Holocaust</i> is told through footage from a group of people making a documentary about a portion of the Amazon which is said to be populated by cannibals. Although the <i>Blair Witch</i> directors had not seen <i>Cannibal Holocaust</i> at the time of filming, this "<a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">mockumentary</a>" format was later used in their film. </p><p>One of the more recent examples of a splatter film is <i><a href="/wiki/Terrifier" title="Terrifier">Terrifier</a></i> (2016), and its sequels <i><a href="/wiki/Terrifier_2" title="Terrifier 2">Terrifier 2</a></i> (2022) and <i><a href="/wiki/Terrifier_3" title="Terrifier 3">Terrifier 3</a></i> (2024). All three films are infamous for their gore, two main examples being Dawn's hacksaw kill in <i>Terrifier</i>, where <a href="/wiki/Art_the_Clown" title="Art the Clown">Art the Clown</a> saws Dawn in half, and Allie's bedroom kill in <i>Terrifier 2</i>, where Art theatrically mutilates Allie to death. <i>Terrifier 2</i> was said to be so gory and so violent that audience members have reported to be <a href="/wiki/Vomiting" title="Vomiting">vomiting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Syncope_(medicine)" title="Syncope (medicine)">fainting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-usatoday_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Torture_porn">Torture porn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Splatter_film&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Torture porn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hostelchairshot.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/83/Hostelchairshot.PNG" decoding="async" width="185" height="193" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="185" data-file-height="193" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bijou_Phillips" title="Bijou Phillips">Bijou Phillips</a> in <a href="/wiki/Eli_Roth" title="Eli Roth">Eli Roth</a>'s 2007 film <i><a href="/wiki/Hostel:_Part_II" title="Hostel: Part II">Hostel: Part II</a></i>, portraying a woman being tortured</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 2000s—particularly 2003–2009—a body of films was produced that combined elements of the splatter and <a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">slasher film</a> genres.<sup id="cite_ref-TorturePorn_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TorturePorn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The films were dubbed "<b>torture porn</b>" by critics and detractors, most notably by <a href="/wiki/David_Edelstein" title="David Edelstein">David Edelstein</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-NewYorkMagazine_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkMagazine-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who is thought to have coined the term.<sup id="cite_ref-TorturePorn_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TorturePorn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like their splatter forerunners, torture porn films reputedly emphasize depictions of <a href="/wiki/Violence" title="Violence">violence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graphic_violence#Gore" title="Graphic violence">gore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nudity" title="Nudity">nudity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torture" title="Torture">torture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mutilation" title="Mutilation">mutilation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sadism_and_masochism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadism and masochism">sadism</a>. Also like splatter films, the extent to which torture porn lives up to its sensational reputation has been disputed.<sup id="cite_ref-LexiconofOffense_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LexiconofOffense-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Eli_Roth" title="Eli Roth">Eli Roth</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Hostel_(2005_film)" title="Hostel (2005 film)">Hostel</a></i> (2005), released in January 2006, was the first to be called torture porn by critic Edelstein, but the classification has since been applied to <i><a href="/wiki/Saw_(2004_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saw (2004 film)">Saw</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Saw_(franchise)" title="Saw (franchise)">its sequels</a> (though its creators disagree with the classification),<sup id="cite_ref-UGO_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UGO-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Devil%27s_Rejects" title="The Devil's Rejects">The Devil's Rejects</a></i> (2005), <i><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Creek_(film)" title="Wolf Creek (film)">Wolf Creek</a></i> (2005), and the earlier films <i><a href="/wiki/Baise-moi" title="Baise-moi">Baise-moi</a></i> (2000) and <i><a href="/wiki/Ichi_the_Killer_(film)" title="Ichi the Killer (film)">Ichi the Killer</a></i> (2001).<sup id="cite_ref-NewYorkMagazine_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkMagazine-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AdvertisingAge_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AdvertisingAge-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A difference between this group of films and earlier splatter films is that they are often mainstream Hollywood films that receive a <a href="/wiki/Wide_release" title="Wide release">wide release</a>, and have comparatively high production values.<sup id="cite_ref-AdvertisingAge_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AdvertisingAge-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The torture porn subgenre has proven to be very profitable: <i>Saw</i>, made for $1.2 million, grossed over $100 million worldwide, while <i>Hostel</i>, which cost less than $5 million to produce, grossed over $80 million.<sup id="cite_ref-AssociatedPress_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AssociatedPress-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lions_Gate_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Lions Gate Entertainment">Lionsgate</a>, the studio behind the films, made considerable gains in its <a href="/wiki/Stock" title="Stock">stock</a> price from the box office showing.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The financial success led the way for the release of similar films: <i><a href="/wiki/Turistas" title="Turistas">Turistas</a></i> in 2006, <i><a href="/wiki/Hostel:_Part_II" title="Hostel: Part II">Hostel: Part II</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Borderland_(2007_film)" title="Borderland (2007 film)">Borderland</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Captivity_(film)" title="Captivity (film)">Captivity</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Elisha_Cuthbert" title="Elisha Cuthbert">Elisha Cuthbert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Gillies" title="Daniel Gillies">Daniel Gillies</a>, in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-AssociatedPress_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AssociatedPress-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NationalPost_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NationalPost-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indeed, in 2009 the <i>Saw</i> series became the most profitable horror film series of all time,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> prompting the release of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Collector_(2009_film)" title="The Collector (2009 film)">The Collector</a></i> starring <a href="/wiki/Josh_Stewart" title="Josh Stewart">Josh Stewart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Alarcon" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Fernández de Alarcon">Juan Fernández</a> within that year. Despite these financial successes, torture porn is perceived as a pejorative label by many press critics, filmmakers, and fans.<sup id="cite_ref-TorturePorn_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TorturePorn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Torture porn's" pejorative connotations were anchored by high-profile salacious advertising campaigns. Billboards and posters used in the marketing of <i>Hostel: Part II</i><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Captivity</i> drew criticism for their graphic imagery, causing them to be taken down in many locations.<sup id="cite_ref-GuardianMay1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardianMay1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Director Eli Roth sought to defend the subgenre, claiming that critics' uses of torture porn "genuinely says more about the critic's limited understanding of what horror movies can do than about the film itself",<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that "they're out of touch."<sup id="cite_ref-MTV_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MTV-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Horror author <a href="/wiki/Stephen_King" title="Stephen King">Stephen King</a> defended <i>Hostel: Part II</i> and torture porn stating, "sure it makes you uncomfortable, but good art should make you uncomfortable."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Influential director <a href="/wiki/George_A._Romero" title="George A. Romero">George A. Romero</a> stated, "I don't get the torture porn films ... they're lacking metaphor."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The success of torture porn, and its boom during the mid to late 2000s, led to a crossover into genres other than horror. This became evident with the release of many crime thrillers, particularly the 2007 film <i><a href="/wiki/I_Know_Who_Killed_Me" title="I Know Who Killed Me">I Know Who Killed Me</a></i> starring <a href="/wiki/Lindsay_Lohan" title="Lindsay Lohan">Lindsay Lohan</a>, and the 2008 film <i><a href="/wiki/Untraceable" title="Untraceable">Untraceable</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Diane_Lane" title="Diane Lane">Diane Lane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Burke_(actor)" title="Billy Burke (actor)">Billy Burke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British film <i><a href="/wiki/W%CE%94Z" title="WΔZ">WΔZ</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Stellan_Skarsg%C3%A5rd" title="Stellan Skarsgård">Stellan Skarsgård</a> and <a href="/wiki/Selma_Blair" title="Selma Blair">Selma Blair</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its US counterpart <i><a href="/wiki/Scar_(film)" title="Scar (film)">Scar</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Angela_Bettis" title="Angela Bettis">Angela Bettis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ben_Cotton" title="Ben Cotton">Ben Cotton</a>, continued to facilitate this hybrid form of torture porn, which was also, to a lesser degree, evident in films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Rendition_(film)" title="Rendition (film)">Rendition</a></i> (2007) starring <a href="/wiki/Jake_Gyllenhaal" title="Jake Gyllenhaal">Jake Gyllenhaal</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Law_Abiding_Citizen" title="Law Abiding Citizen">Law Abiding Citizen</a></i> (2009), and <i><a href="/wiki/Unthinkable" title="Unthinkable">Unthinkable</a></i> (2010) starring <a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Jackson" title="Samuel L. Jackson">Samuel L. Jackson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the mid-2000s, the splatter film was given a major boost within the horror industry by a new wave of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> films—commonly referred to as <a href="/wiki/New_French_Extremity" title="New French Extremity">the New French Extremity</a>—which became internationally known for their extremely brutal nature: <i><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_(2008_film)" title="Martyrs (2008 film)">Martyrs</a></i> (2008), directed by Pascal Laugier,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Frontier(s)" title="Frontier(s)">Frontier(s)</a></i> (2007), directed by Xavier Gens,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Inside_(2007_film)" title="Inside (2007 film)">Inside</a></i> (2007), directed by Alexandre Bustillo and Julien Maury.<sup id="cite_ref-AssociatedPress_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AssociatedPress-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rapper <a href="/wiki/Eminem" title="Eminem">Eminem</a> explored the genre in his music video for the single "<a href="/wiki/3_a.m._(Eminem_song)" title="3 a.m. (Eminem song)">3 a.m.</a>" that year.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Danish filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Lars_von_Trier" title="Lars von Trier">Lars von Trier</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Antichrist_(film)" title="Antichrist (film)">Antichrist</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Gainsbourg" title="Charlotte Gainsbourg">Charlotte Gainsbourg</a>, was labeled torture porn by critics when it premiered at the 2009 <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a> due to scenes of extreme violence, graphic sex, and genital self-mutilation.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 2009, the box office draw of torture porn films had mostly been replaced in the U.S. by the profitable trend of remaking or rebooting earlier horror films from decades past, with the modernization of films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_of_the_Dead_(2004_film)" title="Dawn of the Dead (2004 film)">Dawn of the Dead</a></i> (2004), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amityville_Horror_(2005_film)" title="The Amityville Horror (2005 film)">The Amityville Horror</a></i> (2005), <i><a href="/wiki/House_of_Wax_(2005_film)" title="House of Wax (2005 film)">House of Wax</a></i> (2005), <i><a href="/wiki/Black_Christmas_(2006_film)" title="Black Christmas (2006 film)">Black Christmas</a></i> (2006), <i><a href="/wiki/Halloween_(2007_film)" title="Halloween (2007 film)">Halloween</a></i> (2007), <i><a href="/wiki/My_Bloody_Valentine_3D" title="My Bloody Valentine 3D">My Bloody Valentine 3D</a></i> (2009), <i><a href="/wiki/Friday_the_13th_(2009_film)" title="Friday the 13th (2009 film)">Friday the 13th</a></i> (2009), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wolfman_(2010_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wolfman (2010 film)">The Wolfman</a></i> (2010), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Crazies_(2010_film)" title="The Crazies (2010 film)">The Crazies</a></i> (2010), and <i><a href="/wiki/A_Nightmare_on_Elm_Street_(2010_film)" title="A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film)">A Nightmare on Elm Street</a></i> (2010).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of these remakes, such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Texas_Chainsaw_Massacre_(2003_film)" title="The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film)">The Texas Chainsaw Massacre</a></i> (2003), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hills_Have_Eyes_(2006_film)" title="The Hills Have Eyes (2006 film)">The Hills Have Eyes</a></i> (2006) (and its <a href="/wiki/The_Hills_Have_Eyes_2" title="The Hills Have Eyes 2">sequel</a> in 2007), <i><a href="/wiki/Funny_Games_(2008_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Funny Games (2008 film)">Funny Games</a></i> (2008), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_House_on_the_Left_(2009_film)" title="The Last House on the Left (2009 film)">The Last House on the Left</a></i> (2009), and <i><a href="/wiki/I_Spit_on_Your_Grave_(2010_film)" title="I Spit on Your Grave (2010 film)">I Spit on Your Grave</a></i> (2010) were referred to as torture porn in press reviews.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the close of the decade, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Centipede_(First_Sequence)" title="The Human Centipede (First Sequence)">The Human Centipede (First Sequence)</a></i> (2009) and <i><a href="/wiki/A_Serbian_Film" title="A Serbian Film">A Serbian Film</a></i> (2010) were among the most notable torture porn releases. Although not as financially successful as <i><a href="/wiki/Saw_(2004_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saw (2004 film)">Saw</a></i> or <i>Hostel</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>A Serbian Film</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Human_Centipede_II_(Full_Sequence)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Human Centipede II (Full Sequence)">The Human Centipede II (Full Sequence)</a></i> (2011) gained attention in the press for their graphic depictions of forced <a href="/wiki/Coprophagia" title="Coprophagia">fecal consumption</a> and <a href="/wiki/Necrophilia" title="Necrophilia">necrophilia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and both films were censored in order to attain release in the U.K.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other torture porn films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Murder-Set-Pieces" title="Murder-Set-Pieces">Murder-Set-Pieces</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Grotesque_(2009_film)" title="Grotesque (2009 film)">Grotesque</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bunny_Game" title="The Bunny Game">The Bunny Game</a></i> were banned outright by the <a href="/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification" title="British Board of Film Classification">BBFC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subsequently, torture porn has increasingly become a DVD-oriented subgenre. For example, <i><a href="/wiki/Hostel:_Part_III" title="Hostel: Part III">Hostel: Part III</a></i> (2011) was released direct to DVD, unlike the previous films in the series. The film received less negative attention in the press as a result of its lower-profile release.<sup id="cite_ref-TorturePorn_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TorturePorn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other recent torture porn films include <i><a href="/wiki/Would_You_Rather_(film)" title="Would You Rather (film)">Would You Rather</a></i> (2012), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Collection_(2012_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Collection (2012 film)">The Collection</a></i> (2012),<sup id="cite_ref-:0_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Truth_or_Dare_(2013_film)" title="Truth or Dare (2013 film)">Truth or Dare</a></i> (2013),<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Who%27s_Watching_Oliver" title="Who's Watching Oliver">Who's Watching Oliver</a></i> (2018),<sup id="cite_ref-:10_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Click_(2020_film)" title="Don't Click (2020 film)">Don't Click</a></i> (2020),<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Hacksaw_(film)" title="Hacksaw (film)">Hacksaw</a></i> (2020),<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Host_(2020_film)" title="The Host (2020 film)">The Host</a></i> (2020).<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As fewer and fewer high-profile cinematic torture porn films are being released, however, the subgenre is slowly dying out, as many journalists have proposed.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The genre elements were also used in episodes of many popular American television shows, including Fox's <i><a href="/wiki/24_(TV_series)" title="24 (TV series)">24</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Minds" title="Criminal Minds">Criminal Minds</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Dexter_(TV_series)" title="Dexter (TV series)">Dexter</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/The_CW" title="The CW">The CW</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_(U.S._TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supernatural (U.S. TV series)">Supernatural</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Blindspot_(TV_series)" title="Blindspot (TV series)">Blindspot</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/FX_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="FX (TV network)">FX's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/American_Horror_Story" title="American Horror Story">American Horror Story</a></i>. </p><p>Some scholars have published analyses of torture porn films. For example, a book chronicling the torture porn phenomenon and the surrounding controversy—Steve Jones' <i>Torture Porn: Popular Horror after Saw</i><sup id="cite_ref-TorturePorn_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TorturePorn-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—was published in 2013. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Splatter_film&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mccarty-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mccarty_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mccarty_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mccarty_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcCarty1984" class="citation book cs1">McCarty, John (1984). <i>Splatter Movies: Breaking the Last Taboo of the Screen</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, New York: St. Martin's Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Splatter+Movies%3A+Breaking+the+Last+Taboo+of+the+Screen&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=McCarty&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASplatter+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/145642.John_McCarty">"John McCarty"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+McCarty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fauthor%2Fshow%2F145642.John_McCarty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASplatter+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mubi.com/lists/john-mccartys-splatter-movie-gore-nucopia">"John McCarty's Splatter Movie Gore-Nucopia – Movie List"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+McCarty%27s+Splatter+Movie+Gore-Nucopia+%E2%80%93+Movie+List&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmubi.com%2Flists%2Fjohn-mccartys-splatter-movie-gore-nucopia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASplatter+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoucher2007" class="citation web cs1">Boucher, Geoff (3 June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-jun-03-ca-eliroth3-story.html">"A queasy-does-it guy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">latimes.com</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20120711231153/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/jun/03/entertainment/ca-eliroth3">Archived</a> from the original on 11 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=latimes.com&rft.atitle=A+queasy-does-it+guy&rft.date=2007-06-03&rft.aulast=Boucher&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2007-jun-03-ca-eliroth3-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASplatter+film" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arnzen-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-arnzen_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-arnzen_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-arnzen_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnzen1994" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Arnzen" title="Michael Arnzen">Arnzen, Michael</a> (1994). 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.navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Horror_film" title="Template:Horror film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Horror_film" title="Template talk:Horror film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Horror_film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Horror film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Horror_film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Horror film</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation_horror_films" title="Blaxploitation horror films">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_horror" title="Body horror">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_horror" title="Folk horror">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_holiday_horror_films" title="List of holiday horror films">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_movie" title="Monster movie">Monster</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodern_horror" title="Postmodern horror">Postmodern horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychological horror film">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_horror_film" title="Supernatural horror film">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_thriller" title="Social thriller">Social thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_horror" class="mw-redirect" title="Teen horror">Teen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_film" title="Zombie film">Zombie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">comedy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horror_films_of_Asia" title="Horror films of Asia">Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horror_films_of_Cambodia" title="Horror films of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_horror_film" title="Chinese horror film">China</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jiangshi_fiction" title="Jiangshi fiction">Jiangshi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_horror" title="Indonesian horror">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_horror" title="Thai horror">Thailand</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_films_of_Europe" title="Horror films of Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground horror</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_films_of_Mexico" title="Horror films of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_horror_cinema" title="British horror cinema">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_horror_films" title="Lists of horror films">Film lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_horror_films" title="List of highest-grossing horror films">Highest-grossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_horror_films_by_country" title="List of first horror films by country">First film by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_horror_films" title="List of Indian horror films">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindi_horror_films" title="List of Hindi horror films">Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Malayalam_horror_films" title="List of Malayalam horror films">Malayalam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="By_decade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By decade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1890s" title="List of horror films of the 1890s">1890s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1900s" title="List of horror films of the 1900s">1900s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1910s" title="List of horror films of the 1910s">1910s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1920s" title="List of horror films of the 1920s">1920s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1930s" title="List of horror films of the 1930s">1930s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1940s" title="List of horror films of the 1940s">1940s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1950s" title="List of horror films of the 1950s">1950s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1960s" title="List of horror films of the 1960s">1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1970s" title="List of horror films of the 1970s">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1980s" title="List of horror films of the 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_1990s" title="List of horror films of the 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_2000s" title="List of horror films of the 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_2010s" title="List of horror films of the 2010s">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of_the_2020s" title="List of horror films of the 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_anthology_films" title="List of horror anthology films">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_comedy_horror_films" title="List of comedy horror films">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_ghost_movie" title="Indian ghost movie">Indian ghost movie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_French_Extremity" title="New French Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Sci-fi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_films_set_in_academic_institutions" title="List of horror films set in academic institutions">Set in academic institutions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_horror_films" title="History of horror films">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film_score" title="Horror film score">Score</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_horror_films" title="Gender in horror films">Gender</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Final_girl" title="Final girl">final girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scream_queen" title="Scream queen">scream queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaic_mother" title="Archaic mother">archaic mother</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jump_scare" title="Jump scare">Jump scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_in_horror_films" title="Disability in horror films">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_themes_in_horror_films" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT themes in horror films">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_in_horror_films" title="Race in horror films">Race</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_burial_ground_trope" title="Indian burial ground trope">Indian burial ground trope</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_horror_film_characters" title="Lists of horror film characters">Characters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horror_host" title="Horror host">hosts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_horror_film_villains" title="List of horror film villains">villains</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindhouse" title="Grindhouse">Grindhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">Video nasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Horror_films" title="Category:Horror films">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Exploitation_film" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Template:Exploitation film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Exploitation_film" title="Template talk:Exploitation film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Exploitation film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Exploitation_film" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation film</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation" title="Blaxploitation">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruceploitation" title="Bruceploitation">Bruceploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_War" title="Euro War">Euro War / Macaroni Combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippie_exploitation_films" title="Hippie exploitation films">Hippie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexploitation" title="Mexploitation">Mexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockbuster" title="Mockbuster">Mockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_exploitation" title="Nazi exploitation">Nazi exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunsploitation" title="Nunsploitation">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_biker_film" title="Outlaw biker film">Outlaw biker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozploitation" title="Ozploitation">Ozploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornochanchada" title="Pornochanchada">Pornochanchada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_and_revenge_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape and revenge film">Rape and revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumberas_film" title="Rumberas film">Rumberas film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharksploitation" title="Sharksploitation">Sharksploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turksploitation" title="Turksploitation">Turksploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vansploitation" title="Vansploitation">Vansploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" title="Women in prison film">Women in prison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_genres" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_genres" title="Template:Film genres"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_genres" title="Template talk:Film genres"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_genres" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film genres"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_genres" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">genres</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_film" title="Action film">Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_action_cinema" title="Hong Kong action cinema">Hong Kong action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_film" title="Adventure film">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">Biographical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_film_industry" title="Christian film industry">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Sexy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gross_out" title="Gross out">Gross out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_documentary" title="Animated documentary">Animated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_symphony" title="City symphony">City symphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">Docudrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-documentary" title="Pseudo-documentary">Pseudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_essay" title="Video essay">Video essay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_drama" title="Historical drama">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_drama" title="Legal drama">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodrama" title="Melodrama">Melodrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_melodrama" title="Korean melodrama">Korean</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_film" title="Sex in film">Erotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_film" title="Pink film">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_film" title="Educational film">Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_guidance_film" title="Social guidance film">Social guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_film" title="Epic film">Epic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Template:Exploitation film">see <i>Exploitation film template</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">Fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_fantasy" title="Contemporary fantasy">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_fantasy" title="High fantasy">High</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fantasy" title="Historical fantasy">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-noir" title="Neo-noir">Neo-noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_noir" title="Pulp noir">Pulp noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_noir" title="Tech noir">Tech noir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Gothic" title="Urban Gothic">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Horror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_body_horror_media" title="List of body horror media">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_horror_film" title="Chinese horror film">Chinese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_giallo_films" title="List of giallo films">List of films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_holiday_horror_films" title="List of holiday horror films">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japanese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korean horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_horror_films" title="Gender in horror films">Psycho-biddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror" title="Psychological horror">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">Musical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_musical" title="Arthouse musical">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstage_musical" title="Backstage musical">Backstage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukebox_musical" title="Jukebox musical">Jukebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicarello" title="Musicarello">Musicarello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta_film" title="Operetta film">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_film" title="Mystery film">Mystery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whodunit" title="Whodunit">Whodunit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover fiction">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Pornographic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_pornography" title="Hardcore pornography">Hardcore pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softcore_pornography" title="Softcore pornography">Softcore pornography</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_softcore_pornography" title="Malayalam softcore pornography">Malayalam</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_film" title="Propaganda film">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_film" title="Reality film">Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_film" title="Romance film">Romantic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bromantic_comedy" title="Bromantic comedy">Bromantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_fantasy" title="Romantic fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_romance" title="Paranormal romance">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Science fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_science_fiction_film" title="Arthouse science fiction film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wave_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wave science fiction">New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_film" title="Survival film">Survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_film" title="Thriller film">Thriller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_thriller" title="Financial thriller">Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_thriller" title="Legal thriller">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_thriller" title="Political thriller">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_thriller" title="Psychological thriller">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-thriller" title="Techno-thriller">Techno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgressive_art" title="Transgressive art">Transgressive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trick_film" title="Trick film">Trick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By theme</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_animals" title="List of films about animals">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_party_film" title="Beach party film">Beach party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_swap" title="Body swap">Body swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_film" title="Buddy film">Buddy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_cop" title="Buddy cop">Buddy cop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_buddy_film" title="Female buddy film">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicano_films" title="List of Chicano films">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_cinema" title="Colonial cinema">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming-of-age_story" title="Coming-of-age story">Coming-of-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_film" title="Concert film">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_film" title="Crime film">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangster_film" title="Gangster film">Gangster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Gentleman thief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokud%C5%8D" title="Gokudō">Gokudō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong%27an_fiction" title="Gong'an fiction">Gong'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heist_film" title="Heist film">Heist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_film" title="Hood film">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_film" title="Mafia film">Mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_comedy_film" title="Mafia comedy film">Mafia comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_underworld_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai underworld film">Mumbai underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakuza_film" title="Yakuza film">Yakuza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_film" title="Dance in film">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_film" title="Disaster film">Disaster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" title="List of apocalyptic films">Apocalyptic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_drug_films" title="List of drug films">Drug</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_film" title="Psychedelic film">Psychedelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dystopian_films" title="List of dystopian films">Dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecchi" title="Ecchi">Ecchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_film" title="Economics film">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnographic_film" title="Ethnographic film">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation" title="Blaxploitation">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexploitation" title="Mexploitation">Mexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turksploitation" title="Turksploitation">Turksploitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_extraterrestrials" title="List of films featuring extraterrestrials">Extraterrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_food_and_drink" title="List of films about food and drink">Food and drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendai-geki" title="Gendai-geki">Gendai-geki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goona-goona_epic" title="Goona-goona epic">Goona-goona epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girls_with_guns" title="Girls with guns">Girls with guns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harem_(genre)" title="Harem (genre)">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentai" title="Hentai">Hentai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lolicon" title="Lolicon">Lolicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotacon" title="Shotacon">Shotacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentacle_erotica" title="Tentacle erotica">Tentacle erotica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jidaigeki" title="Jidaigeki">Jidaigeki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Samurai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Kaitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ-related_films" title="List of LGBTQ-related films">LGBTQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaoi">Yaoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_(genre)" title="Yuri (genre)">Yuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luchador_films" title="Luchador films">Luchador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_girl" title="Magical girl">Magical girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruceploitation" title="Bruceploitation">Bruceploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopsocky" title="Chopsocky">Chopsocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_fu" title="Gun fu">Gun fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_fu_film" title="Kung fu film">Kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ninja_films" title="List of ninja films">Ninja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha">Mecha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_movie" title="Monster movie">Monster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_giant_monsters" title="List of films featuring giant monsters">Giant monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mummy_films" title="List of mummy films">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_film" title="Vampire film">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zombie_films" title="List of zombie films">Zombie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie comedy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_film" title="Mountain film">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_da_Boca_do_Lixo" title="Cinema da Boca do Lixo">Mouth of Garbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_social" title="Muslim social">Muslim social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_documentary" title="Nature documentary">Nature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_films" title="List of environmental films">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_film" title="Opera film">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_biker_film" title="Outlaw biker film">Outlaw biker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozploitation" title="Ozploitation">Ozploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_film" title="Partisan film">Partisan film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_film" title="Prison film">Prison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" title="Women in prison film">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_film" title="Race film">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_and_revenge_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape and revenge film">Rape and revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_movie" title="Road movie">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%BCmmerfilm" title="Trümmerfilm">Rubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumberas_film" title="Rumberas film">Rumberas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_porn" title="Bavarian porn">Bavarian porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican sex comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_exploitation" title="Nazi exploitation">Nazi exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornochanchada" title="Pornochanchada">Pornochanchada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunsploitation" title="Nunsploitation">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_report_film" title="Sex report film">Sex report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshimin-eiga" title="Shoshimin-eiga">Shoshimin-eiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_slavery" title="List of films featuring slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snuff_film" title="Snuff film">Snuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_genre" title="South Seas genre">South Seas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_film" title="Sports film">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_film" title="Spy film">Spy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_film" title="Superhero film">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_film" title="Surf film">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swashbuckler_film" title="Swashbuckler film">Swashbuckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_sorcery" title="Sword and sorcery">Sword and sorcery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imaginary_voyage" title="Imaginary voyage">imaginary voyage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_film" title="Trial film">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_film" title="Vigilante film">Vigilante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_film" title="War film">War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_films" title="List of anti-war films">Anti-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_War" title="Euro War">Euro War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_films" title="Submarine films">Submarine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_film" title="Western film">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_Western" title="Acid Western">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Western" title="Contemporary Western">Contemporary Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacoit_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacoit Western">Dacoit Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy Western">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Western" title="Florida Western">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_Western" title="Horror Western">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Western" title="Australian Western">Meat pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_(genre)" title="Northern (genre)">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostern" title="Ostern">Ostern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Western" title="Revisionist Western">Revisionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_Western" title="Science fiction Western">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing_cowboy" title="Singing cowboy">Singing cowboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_West" title="Weird West">Weird Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapata Western">Zapata Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By movement <br /> or period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute film">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_eccentric_cinema" title="American eccentric cinema">American eccentric cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity_(filmmaking)" title="New Objectivity (filmmaking)">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_New_Wave" title="Australian New Wave">Australian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">Auteur films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_School_(filmmaking)" title="Berlin School (filmmaking)">Berlin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourekas_film" title="Bourekas film">Bourekas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_School_(filmmaking)" title="Brighton School (filmmaking)">Brighton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_New_Wave" title="British New Wave">British New Wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_school" title="Budapest school">Budapest school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_du_look" title="Cinéma du look">Cinéma du look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_Novo" title="Cinema Novo">Cinema Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_pur" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinéma pur">Cinéma pur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_New_Wave" title="Czechoslovak New Wave">Czechoslovak New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_Film_Movement" title="Documentary Film Movement">Documentary Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogme_95" title="Dogme 95">Dogme 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erra_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Erra Cinema">Erra Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_art_cinema" title="European art cinema">European art cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_d%27art" title="Film d'art">Film d'art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_gris" title="Film gris">Film gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Cinema" title="Free Cinema">Free Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_New_Wave" title="French New Wave">French New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_expressionist_cinema" title="German expressionist cinema">German Expressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Nigerian_Cinema" title="Golden Age of Nigerian Cinema">Nigerian Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Cine_Liberaci%C3%B3n" title="Grupo Cine Liberación">Grupo Cine Liberación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Heimatfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_on_the_Tiber" title="Hollywood on the Tiber">Hollywood on the Tiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_New_Wave" title="Hong Kong New Wave">Hong Kong New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiewood" title="Indiewood">Indiewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_New_Wave" title="Iranian New Wave">Iranian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_futurism_in_cinema" title="Italian futurism in cinema">Italian futurist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_neorealism" title="Italian neorealism">Italian neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_New_Wave" title="Japanese New Wave">Japanese New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammerspielfilm" title="Kammerspielfilm">Kammerspielfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L.A._Rebellion" title="L.A. Rebellion">L.A. Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettrism" title="Lettrism">Lettrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_Cinema" title="New German Cinema">New German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_generation_(Malayalam_film_movement)" title="New generation (Malayalam film movement)">New generation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Nigerian_Cinema" title="New Nigerian Cinema">New Nollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_queer_cinema" title="New queer cinema">New Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Wave_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="No Wave Cinema">No wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Cine_Mexicano" title="Nuevo Cine Mexicano">Nuevo Cine Mexicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Indian_film" title="Pan-Indian film">Pan-Indian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_cinema" title="Parallel cinema">Parallel cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmfarsi" title="Filmfarsi">Persian Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_realism" title="Poetic realism">Poetic realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Film_School" title="Polish Film School">Polish Film School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prague_film_school" title="The Prague film school">The Prague film school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_film" title="Prussian film">Prussian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Film_Movement" title="Pure Film Movement">Pure Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernist_film" title="Remodernist film">Remodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_New_Wave" title="Romanian New Wave">Romanian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_realism" title="Social realism">Social realist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_parallel_cinema" title="Soviet parallel cinema">Soviet parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_film" title="Structural film">Structural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_cinema" title="Surrealist cinema">Surrealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefoni_Bianchi" title="Telefoni Bianchi">Telefoni Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Cinema" title="Third Cinema">Third Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_New_Wave" title="Toronto New Wave">Toronto New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Black_Wave" title="Yugoslav Black Wave">Yugoslav Black Wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By demographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_film" title="Black film">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_film" title="Children's film">Children and family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_anime_and_manga" title="Children's anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li>Men <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seinen_manga" title="Seinen manga">Seinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_film" title="Stag film">Stag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_film" title="Teen film">Teen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dnen_manga" title="Shōnen manga">Shōnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Djo_manga" title="Shōjo manga">Shōjo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_film" title="Woman's film">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chick_flick" title="Chick flick">Chick flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josei_manga" title="Josei manga">Josei</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By format,<br /> technique,<br /> approach,<br /> or production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_film" title="3D film">3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actuality_film" title="Actuality film">Actuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_animation" title="Arthouse animation">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">Cartoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">Stop-motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_animation" title="Traditional animation">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthology_film" title="Anthology film">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behind-the-scenes" title="Behind-the-scenes">Behind-the-scenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">Black-and-white</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9" title="Cinéma vérité">Cinéma vérité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classical Hollywood cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage_film" title="Collage film">Collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_motion_picture_film" title="Color motion picture film">Color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compilation_film" title="Compilation film">Compilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_film" title="Composite film">Composite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenlife" title="Screenlife">Computer screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">Cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_movie" title="Midnight movie">midnight movie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_cinema" title="Database cinema">Database cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docufiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnofiction" title="Ethnofiction">Ethnofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract animation">Abstract</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feature_film" title="Feature film">Feature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featurette" title="Featurette">Featurette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_%C3%A0_clef" title="Film à clef">Film à clef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film-poem" title="Film-poem">Film-poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperlink_cinema" title="Hyperlink cinema">Hyperlink cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">Independent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_filmmaking" title="Guerrilla filmmaking">Guerrilla filmmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_independent_films" title="List of American independent films">List of American independent films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_art" title="Interstitial art">Interstitial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_action" title="Live action">Live action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_with_live_action_and_animation" title="List of films with live action and animation">animation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-budget_film" title="Low-budget film">Low-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_film_studios" title="Major film studios">Major film studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masala_film" title="Masala film">Masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_picture" title="Message picture">Message picture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacinema" title="Metacinema">Meta-film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockbuster" title="Mockbuster">Mockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_short" title="Musical short">Musical short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeia" title="Mythopoeia">Mythopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-budget_film" title="No-budget film">No-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-shot_film" title="One-shot film">One-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracinema" title="Paracinema">Paracinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_cinema" title="Participatory cinema">Participatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry_film" title="Poetry film">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernist_film" title="Postmodernist film">Postmodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_motion" title="Reverse motion">Reverse motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire_(film_and_television)" title="Satire (film and television)">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semidocumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinpa" title="Shinpa">Shinpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_film" title="Sound film">Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">Video nasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_movie" title="Z movie">Z movie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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