CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91c6ef666afe9d0e',cH: 'AVFo6WvQqXrVaaXRBAA29t7T.q3C6Dug3xOcibo3H1M-1741317397-1.2.1.1-TKJGOaeMrKPUQXwb2tolSIYrlm8bXDBIN.E8eltWpKx7gKOAqsbH2eHGe9g8dWgQ',cUPMDTk: "\/10004297\/ris?__cf_chl_tk=8KjZNMyyDHdMAYvHMKsr8s0KRlFTK2wLTBAzrs3zZl0-1741317397-1.0.1.1-myLrwPIuHRM7iaT26SpBSgUlJqwDn3V39iH3NH3Y3EE",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1741317397',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10004297\/ris?__cf_chl_f_tk=8KjZNMyyDHdMAYvHMKsr8s0KRlFTK2wLTBAzrs3zZl0-1741317397-1.0.1.1-myLrwPIuHRM7iaT26SpBSgUlJqwDn3V39iH3NH3Y3EE",md: "YLW2uUAzz5NnMLsR6G9Uye5nxn8PEeU0nXNm_zst_zc-1741317397-1.2.1.1-WI0Ec8GVzPfOBTwz_DbJ_eArr5PJ5tIpA9IDUB0mgguQrursMSFmjXTZ0ginIeWAxY5HbE.WFwd.306aVHlbk0xK0uDnLnq4Lt40jhABVgXtuyat8ubjyLoVzg0SYPSxkydbT34MrNO7g122ARcv8mEDZbSlNXDUAmhkK4Ix9vNV9uM7Z3c90ad6v5A1nmLNz1jC3ebpxHxKRbEZVh_RMO1UkxFBBZeAMy5llwUAzBs2cmD_Flys6t7OP8ABD5I_iuB8tMs8XS_L_HcZH_4crStX1Jwd00YpO2IqFha3aA8Xnmm4WQ42IpD8ALYC29o8gTClK4P2pmAo6N7oLwnJfMx4RiKcHNOs41x7qGipo9b_CaWUxPa9dyAmMZA5PkjqcpRTt3yqPI70ewp1bKQAHD7AJNqPl6bcjHuT97VbJDOWu8jRYQXrxJQtbkh4Bd0AtYQt_m6ay1BvLupTkfwQAOhW_fPdhOveApehhu60gyiNnq6z77P9YvJhj8CQLz2yDrSPXS.DY8xaMW6_NZShcGbc_SY7BhmDb0CNMUhSzIEQXMFgZkUCndbuxK_nYaDCAORHTS.UdaM9B.HWMHIuSaSzjK_cM9npUNiSDQYUjVn.LHApXfpuMib4w_nS6YfLS7V3Y.Fta9dQA3aYs9YEY9RhFYBncY_TYLFbV9JVTfnaEhf6xatMMjoFul9yLkdzWFydKmtePDXBscVBsfJl5xAzqGEUu7eYCL.0pCAOiIxhoemqeAt2eYDl7U__FZTMzUqGbu_gbLxVuSYxvRpgBqdojSf0u7ztY7SmhSp4ai.TwAXBG0Nb2crRxQW8nKzIS53bArpSgDtIrw.96yVQZGkkIyJL2IVcM66eq7af0LDULBqGPbM67qu2ZBFHBtIHPTFPur64JfXWy6oB2lVoUHr3ezC.6xi315hHijkRvL6J55H6FSmdJki_y8NMJ5WWXvBRJrn4aBkc2_3uFMP1jkH0S38ecq5MgKJdWASqCbLQ2awLELlxuh9w9zZ3yqnO6HYeZxYTgJHNChQyVUO.pDj4MNS03NCoiT.e2xRzbJdrC37rl7RIhuucS19BiixSBlSBRcojKk1nD24AMoMg84PCNe8WcVf5ij0bhTKwyTdp5SSrtIAZReWXvmNvBwOxQT0hGamzEh2VRUNnDmqN8wQOpYWjJVVUFp5ArXDk2ENHf.cxPs_kxmzTkC_r0jtP_obkTDEQZwsP63ml2Et2IQ",mdrd: "NDig971NYqsr5dnIiMGk1C8ddvpYbyupoCJwXqqxjus-1741317397-1.2.1.1-0ge24n7cAVml84vkIoh0OcWtRV7jhnk14sUR1LtOqy03dQQ1f0kIMfyrknladayQSYBLnQ9hHN9zjqpLQm3W_kxmo2gaza_5fLKGp3i3VQaezlbdZ7NbCPKcKdkIEtb_EPiITXovhpDnbZZ7ENNTejT4HIgChTkn_50DvqBi5foPebmbpcINkHzjNt78z0ZH1RjsIBjARu1kukFJF3yh3MgY2D3HKrw2DLTXu_IwasFpaSMAMUXwpD6obm6J7cav2FeN8DxWRye3GXkF1CQPpfUEXujTecgDior7ktPKFhHNTT1rCNtyTt1oaJGS4rIy6dDOp91aKoVJI_w32stZhF6lwx2HZD2qYq8u0NwpinB198ZVJST1drnrxZY03rqhrw8PUmyLYvtlF_0DPX97e06SyW13_OMnMPw5S2lsuxqxroAszJctRs1giFbeKPXV.T4X7fVtmhlsmu0perv2gTNMxhV2vyZXLOFcd66B5FB61Zim270V0s.qpQkZMPcnSmHQk1D8DZM1KZnXj.Eo_N3jXyogjoxIjS.BoOHiieKje.FUY5MQruDORUkeTdrJgJmiZmQ4Zv3EgqndEqDwNLq56ofz7n_Nle2w5o84BGcsIdopfZp.HnN.9fBnZiWZq5IffFbpnXFThWe.hm3odgWw4G5UZJHhY2uHI1C5Z0OZ3yDaL1SOgJ_dgSv9HBXm9tulJsI.sVO6pZsnpoaStmWNLY5Mrb5TK8Xm0V0LaKHuzItIiRe_ct_h80G5FgC1VohH1KtcodeP9qWUYbm8KLl.t1hWeDZNm6K3_6LOcKRB5QCpSqEthlHQgP_5nJ5_PplwSMudl_m.y4XReaGk8BTJ7Th_HUt_tbRAOVE6eNK83h9swXeXiOufqKwuAK1SOV4DIrvKBblQB5yT1HsGRzBnCn6hgcaDGmH_QtSazTpAHYd0dedwp2qoey1eHARWV5Bnx67LLpkPeZUTibUzV_ax94yaT7r8bzj9.b46p5nSHIg0TUFHZ4rnmAcCTrjnh8w44tkJN0ncKq49_NuyAsmXHtvOt9ciWZbxsi7M4r7n36rN5kMt1AdFBMJ4p6thl.x4C3KXF3Y_lRoifZr2elBQQT20AQteD_52DJJQl2_ZgRfh6odzaUlH7DnqToIOt9nMuCQkwdr7hPVpBkxE0gK83sVltzCKm8uZu16hjGnuLy1XzIZ.blCuGbs0vwlQYlOH5NzhR4ro3rDybEHRqBj5ioNT6m.7R8Dq6andshL277xsgp91vqpkEE2r097wsiR.S3BGFGmDPBlRlC8_9U6O8A7qB5nl9Y9gn43limMq1Qd6FjeEFMWcg.ddsNkFKyga48Hc0SL9vVER64_DNZcbPmEL63z9rCphb7N5Mcrjw_JHHf_a5D.FxbFM8iafItkqLtE2oULibRPsC5tfbbCVh0B4SfBIgCawKX3XVAz5G__mK6xTheQF2zHNLcops2qnhjWPA9ttpU0HlmjE1ARsp.r4.HIefLZgOubI5w2sweuqnnOHy.VC9vz3aSf22H9_7zWRdORo4teb0jC8FS4Lapnxb8E2b8fnjodSsB4WuHkX7XhcSUOvAde.rfe6NzKnRHMtupYc8o588GDRfQhTW0IG6RUHBCuDHSXAWhGlSE1A5JVKrb93qoFsivH5UHxB_zfxYIt_hZaWLb9KObYgmp4ucejCciTR3kfb0x1auGCbjPSBHg47Ks_AZqBMXkyeFJO.3rsWVYM2fBzcfiiFl1Nut2zcxeH3gCn8IPoU0K.ymtS7hpSTo_zYVOkembFCkC_o94_h2mZvuytt9kE9cIWzL04DUToD4QoMcmKhnSJ2gb.vhcwN1E4TUwrltfJEJgxjNWkCxrAJI_4VYJNIVxuZPkX12a6KfoL6v8T94o9Fu_EsifGqSbZGBNdDS9uY2_U8Xh1Re2RPBc5s61ADTJEhdBnogec.96XNdssS2m5SI5nDTp1xipqYN9UeQYkQr5z2spq3y6xB.ZWAEQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91c6ef666afe9d0e';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10004297\/ris?__cf_chl_rt_tk=8KjZNMyyDHdMAYvHMKsr8s0KRlFTK2wLTBAzrs3zZl0-1741317397-1.0.1.1-myLrwPIuHRM7iaT26SpBSgUlJqwDn3V39iH3NH3Y3EE" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>