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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1980s–2000s:_Emergence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s–2000s:_Emergence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1980s–2000s: Emergence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s–2000s:_Emergence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2004:_Crossover" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2004:_Crossover"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>2004: Crossover</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2004:_Crossover-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2006–2017:_Topping_the_charts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2006–2017:_Topping_the_charts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>2006–2017: Topping the charts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006–2017:_Topping_the_charts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Since_2017:_"Despacito"_effect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_2017:_"Despacito"_effect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Since 2017: "Despacito" effect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_2017:_"Despacito"_effect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-"Te_Boté"_and_the_minimalist_dembow" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Te_Boté"_and_the_minimalist_dembow"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>"Te Boté" and the minimalist dembow</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Te_Boté"_and_the_minimalist_dembow-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rhythm" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rhythm"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Rhythm</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rhythm-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lyrics_and_themes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lyrics_and_themes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Lyrics and themes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lyrics_and_themes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popularity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popularity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Popularity</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Popularity-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Popularity subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Popularity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Latin_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latin_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Latin America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latin_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBTQ_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBTQ_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>LGBTQ influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBTQ_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Reggaeton</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="ريغيه تون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ريغيه تون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Регетон – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Регетон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B5%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BD" title="Ρεγκετόν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρεγκετόν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reguet%C3%B3n" title="Reguetón – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reguetón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regetono" title="Regetono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Regetono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="رگیتون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رگیتون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reguet%C3%B3n" title="Reguetón – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reguetón" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EA%B2%8C%ED%86%A4" title="레게톤 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레게톤" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%90%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="רגאטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רגאטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regg%C3%AEton" title="Reggîton – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Reggîton" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaet%C3%B3n" title="Reggaetón – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Reggaetón" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Регетон – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Регетон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B2%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3" title="レゲトン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レゲトン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Реггетон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Реггетон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Регетон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Регетон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="เรเกตอน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เรเกตอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Реггетон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Реггетон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggaeton" title="Reggaeton – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Reggaeton" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Reggaeton</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_en_Espa%C3%B1ol" title="Reggae en Español">Reggae en Español</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dancehall" title="Dancehall">dancehall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soca_music" title="Soca music">soca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toasting_(Jamaican_music)" title="Toasting (Jamaican music)">toasting (Jamaica)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">Late 1980s in <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a><sup id="cite_ref-Origin3_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Origin3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wpost_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wpost-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early 1990s in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a><sup id="cite_ref-shonda_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shonda-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-latina_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-latina-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Typical instruments</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drum_machine" title="Drum machine">drum machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesizer" title="Synthesizer">synthesizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampler_(musical_instrument)" title="Sampler (musical instrument)">sampler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_audio_workstation" title="Digital audio workstation">DAW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapping" title="Rapping">rapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing" title="Singing">vocals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Subgenres</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_reggaeton" title="Alternative reggaeton">Alternative reggaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachat%C3%B3n" title="Bachatón">bachatón</a></li> <li><a href="#Cuba">cubatón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_dembow" title="Dominican dembow">Dominican dembow</a></li> <li>malianteo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoperreo" title="Neoperreo">neoperreo</a></li> <li>pop-reggaetón</li> <li>romantic reggaetón</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Fusion genres</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>cumbiatón</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moombahton" title="Moombahton">moombahton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trapeton" class="mw-redirect" title="Trapeton">trapeton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Regional scenes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a> (in general)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv/320px--Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="320" height="240" data-durationhint="141" data-mwtitle="Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja,_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja,_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv/Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv/Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv/Summer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ASummer_1995_Music_scene_at_beach_in_Vega_Baja%2C_Puerto_Rico_-_Snoop_Dogg_cameo.ogv&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span><figcaption>The scene in the summer of 1995; local duo from <a href="/wiki/Public_housing_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Public housing in Puerto Rico">Residencial Luis Llorens Torres</a> in San Juan, rapping at a club on the beach in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Nuevo,_Vega_Baja,_Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Nuevo, Vega Baja, Puerto Rico">Puerto Nuevo, Vega Baja</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Reggaeton</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span></span>-/</a></span></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a modern style of <a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronic music</a> that originated in <a href="/wiki/Panamanian_reggaet%C3%B3n" title="Panamanian reggaetón">Panama</a> during the late 1980s, and which rose to prominence in the late 1990s and early 2000s through a plethora of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans" title="Puerto Ricans">Puerto Rican</a> musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Origin2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Origin2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has evolved from <a href="/wiki/Dancehall" title="Dancehall">dancehall</a>, with elements of <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin_American_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin American music">Latin American</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribbean music">Caribbean music</a>. Vocals include <a href="/wiki/Toasting_(Jamaican_music)" title="Toasting (Jamaican music)">toasting</a>/<a href="/wiki/Rapping" title="Rapping">rapping</a> and <a href="/wiki/Singing" title="Singing">singing</a>, typically in Spanish. </p><p>Reggaetón, today, is regarded as one of the most popular music genres worldwide;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="please provide evidence of worldwide popularity outside of Latin America (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> it is the top music genre among the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Spanish" title="Caribbean Spanish">Spanish-speaking Caribbean</a> nations and one of the primary modern genres within the Spanish-language music industry. Seemingly endless artists from the Caribbean have risen to fame (<a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>). <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> has seen a modern surge in young artists inspired by the reggaetón style, fusing their music with Spanish rap verses, <a href="/wiki/Latin_trap" title="Latin trap">trapetón</a> and R&B-style vocals (such as the "Los Del Espacio", including <a href="/wiki/LIT_killah" class="mw-redirect" title="LIT killah">LIT killah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiago_PZK" title="Tiago PZK">Tiago PZK</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duki_(rapper)" title="Duki (rapper)">Duki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emilia_Mernes" title="Emilia Mernes">Emilia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Becerra" title="María Becerra">María Becerra</a>, as well as Argentine pop star <a href="/wiki/Tini_Stoessel" class="mw-redirect" title="Tini Stoessel">Tini</a>). </p><p>Several established, world-famous performers—notably Puerto Rican-American <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez" title="Jennifer Lopez">Jennifer Lopez</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shakira" title="Shakira">Shakira</a> from Colombia—have embraced the style, recording numerous duets and collaborations with top <i>reggaetoneros</i>. Several other emerging international artists are seeing success in the genre as well, including <a href="/wiki/Catalans" title="Catalans">Catalán</a>-<a href="/wiki/Castilian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Castilian people">Spanish</a> singer <a href="/wiki/Bad_Gyal" title="Bad Gyal">Bad Gyal</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Trilingual" class="mw-redirect" title="Trilingual">trilingual</a> Brazilian star <a href="/wiki/Anitta_(singer)" title="Anitta (singer)">Anitta</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>). Mexican-American singer <a href="/wiki/Becky_G" title="Becky G">Becky G</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>) has experienced huge success in recent years, as a <a href="/wiki/Latino_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Latino American">Latino American</a> artist in the reggaetón genre.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, <a href="/wiki/Daddy_Yankee" title="Daddy Yankee">Daddy Yankee</a> released his smash single “<a href="/wiki/Gasolina" title="Gasolina">Gasolina</a>”, regarded by many as the first globally-successful reggaetón song; Daddy Yankee is credited with bringing the style to western pop music listeners. By the 2010s, the genre had seen increased popularity across <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>, as well as modern acceptance within <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">mainstream Western music</a>; during the 2010s, several new award categories (focusing on reggaetón and Latin music) were unveiled at various American music awards shows, notably the English-language <a href="/wiki/American_Music_Awards" title="American Music Awards">American Music Awards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awards" title="Billboard Music Awards">Billboard Music Awards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Awards" title="Grammy Awards">Grammy Awards</a>, and <a href="/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awards" title="MTV Video Music Awards">MTV Video Music Awards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <p>There are several versions about the origin of the word reggaeton. <a href="/wiki/El_General" title="El General">El General</a>'s representative Michael Ellis is said to have originated the term, adding the -ton suffix to "make the word big."<sup id="cite_ref-pioneer_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pioneer-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Origin3_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Origin3-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of them states that the word reggaeton emerged in 1994 when Daddy Yankee mentioned it for the first time while <i>freestyling</i> on the mixtape "Playero 34."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another version suggests that it appeared the following year when DJ Erick released the album titled "Reggaetón Live Vol.1," abbreviating the words reggae and maratón (marathon).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The spellings <i>reggaeton</i> and <i>reggaetón</i> are common, although <a href="/wiki/Linguistic_prescription" title="Linguistic prescription">prescriptivist</a> sources such as the <a href="/wiki/Fund%C3%A9u_BBVA" class="mw-redirect" title="Fundéu BBVA">Fundéu BBVA</a> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Academia_Puertorrique%C3%B1a_de_la_Lengua_Espa%C3%B1ola" title="Academia Puertorriqueña de la Lengua Española">Academia Puertorriqueña de la Lengua Española</a></i> recommend the spelling <i>reguetón</i>, as it conforms more closely with traditional <a href="/wiki/Spanish_orthography" title="Spanish orthography">Spanish spelling rules</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fundeu_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fundeu-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-elmundo_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elmundo-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Daddy_Yankee_%26_Don_Omar_-_The_Kingdom_(Official_Q_%26_A)_(0,45_seg).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Daddy_Yankee_%26_Don_Omar_-_The_Kingdom_%28Official_Q_%26_A%29_%280%2C45_seg%29.png/250px-Daddy_Yankee_%26_Don_Omar_-_The_Kingdom_%28Official_Q_%26_A%29_%280%2C45_seg%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Daddy_Yankee_%26_Don_Omar_-_The_Kingdom_%28Official_Q_%26_A%29_%280%2C45_seg%29.png/375px-Daddy_Yankee_%26_Don_Omar_-_The_Kingdom_%28Official_Q_%26_A%29_%280%2C45_seg%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Daddy_Yankee_%26_Don_Omar_-_The_Kingdom_%28Official_Q_%26_A%29_%280%2C45_seg%29.png/500px-Daddy_Yankee_%26_Don_Omar_-_The_Kingdom_%28Official_Q_%26_A%29_%280%2C45_seg%29.png 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Don_Omar" title="Don Omar">Don Omar</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Daddy_Yankee" title="Daddy Yankee">Daddy Yankee</a> (right) are both referred to as the "<a href="/wiki/Honorific_nicknames_in_popular_music" title="Honorific nicknames in popular music">King of Reggaeton</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980s–2000s:_Emergence"><span id="1980s.E2.80.932000s:_Emergence"></span>1980s–2000s: Emergence</h3></div> <p>Often mistaken for <a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">reggae</a> or <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">reggae en Español</i></span>, reggaeton is a younger genre that originated in the late 1980s in Panama and was later popularized in Puerto Rico.<sup id="cite_ref-Origin2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Origin2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had its origins in what was known as "underground rap" music, due to its circulation through informal networks and performances at unofficial venues. <a href="/wiki/DJ_Playero" title="DJ Playero">DJ Playero</a> and <a href="/wiki/DJ_Nelson" title="DJ Nelson">DJ Nelson</a> were inspired by hip hop and <a href="/wiki/Dancehall" title="Dancehall">dancehall</a> to produce "<a href="/wiki/Riddim" title="Riddim">riddims</a>", the first reggaeton tracks. As Caribbean and African-American music gained momentum in Puerto Rico, reggae rap in Spanish marked the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Boricua" class="mw-redirect" title="Boricua">Boricua</a> underground and was a creative outlet for many young people. This created an inconspicuous-yet-prominent underground youth culture which sought to express itself. As a youth culture existing on the fringes of society and the law, it has often been criticized. The Puerto Rican police launched a campaign against underground music by confiscating cassette tapes from music stores under penal obscenity codes, levying fines and demonizing rappers in the media.<sup id="cite_ref-PRU_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRU-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bootleg recordings and word of mouth became the primary means of distribution for this music until 1998, when it coalesced into modern reggaeton. The genre's popularity increased when it was discovered by international audiences during the early 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-phoenix_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phoenix-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Casa_con_dos_marquesinas_en_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n,_Puerto_Rico.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Casa_con_dos_marquesinas_en_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n%2C_Puerto_Rico.jpg/220px-Casa_con_dos_marquesinas_en_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n%2C_Puerto_Rico.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Casa_con_dos_marquesinas_en_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n%2C_Puerto_Rico.jpg/330px-Casa_con_dos_marquesinas_en_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n%2C_Puerto_Rico.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Casa_con_dos_marquesinas_en_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n%2C_Puerto_Rico.jpg/440px-Casa_con_dos_marquesinas_en_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n%2C_Puerto_Rico.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2490" /></a><figcaption>Cassettes were made in carports (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">marquesinas</i></span>) and then sold on the street, out of the trunk of a car.</figcaption></figure> <p>The new genre, simply called "underground" and later "<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">perreo</i></span>", had explicit lyrics about drugs, violence, poverty, friendship, love and sex. These themes, depicting the troubles of inner-city life, can still be found in reggaeton. "Underground" music was recorded in <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">marquesinas</i></span> (or <a href="/wiki/Carports" class="mw-redirect" title="Carports">carports</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-ENDI_2022_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENDI_2022-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at public housing complexes such as Villa Kennedy, and Jurutungo,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PRU_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRU-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> often by creators using second-hand recording equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-ENDI_2022_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENDI_2022-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite that, the quality of the cassettes was good enough to help increase their popularity among Puerto Rican youth. The cassettes were sold or distributed on the streets from the trunks of cars.<sup id="cite_ref-ENDI_2022_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ENDI_2022-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PRU_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRU-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The availability and quality of the cassettes led to reggaeton's popularity, which crossed socioeconomic barriers in the <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican music">Puerto Rican music</a> scene. The most popular cassettes in the early 1990s were DJ Negro's <i>The Noise I</i> and <i>II</i> and DJ Playero's 37 and 38. Gerardo Cruet, who created the recordings, spread the genre from the marginalized residential areas into other sectors of society, particularly private schools. </p><p>By the mid-1990s, "underground" cassettes were being sold in music stores. The genre caught on with middle-class youth, then found its way into the media. By this time, Puerto Rico had several clubs dedicated to the underground scene; Club Rappers in Carolina and PlayMakers in Puerto Nuevo were the most notable. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dixon_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Dixon (musician)">Bobby "Digital" Dixon</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Dem_Bow" title="Dem Bow">Dem Bow</a>" production was played in clubs. Underground music was not originally intended to be club music. In South Florida, DJ Laz and Hugo Diaz of the Diaz Brothers were popularizing the genre from Palm Beach to Miami. </p><p>Underground music in Puerto Rico was harshly criticized. In February 1995, there was a government-sponsored campaign against underground music and its cultural influence. Puerto Rican police raided six record stores in San Juan,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hundreds of cassettes were confiscated and fines imposed in accordance with Laws 112 and 117 against obscenity.<sup id="cite_ref-PRU_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRU-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Department of Education banned baggy clothing and underground music from schools.<sup id="cite_ref-news.nacla.org_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-news.nacla.org-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For months after the raids local media demonized rappers, calling them "irresponsible corrupters of the public order."<sup id="cite_ref-PRU_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRU-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1995, DJ Negro released <i>The Noise 3</i> with a <a href="/wiki/Mockup" title="Mockup">mockup</a> label reading, "Non-explicit lyrics". The album had no cursing until the last song. It was a hit, and underground music continued to seep into the mainstream. Senator <a href="/wiki/Velda_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Velda González">Velda González</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico">Popular Democratic Party</a> and the media continued to view the movement as a social nuisance.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the mid-1990s, the Puerto Rican police and National Guard confiscated reggaeton tapes and CDs to get "obscene" lyrics out of the hands of consumers.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schools banned hip hop clothing and music to quell reggaeton's influence. In 2002, Senator González led public hearings to regulate the sexual "slackness" of reggaeton lyrics. Although the effort did not seem to negatively affect public opinion about reggaeton, it reflected the unease of the government and the upper social classes with what the music represented. Because of its often sexually-charged content and its roots in poor, urban communities, many middle- and upper-class Puerto Ricans found reggaeton threatening, "immoral, as well as artistically deficient, a threat to the social order, apolitical".<sup id="cite_ref-news.nacla.org_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-news.nacla.org-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the controversy, reggaeton slowly gained acceptance as part of Puerto Rican culture — helped, in part, by politicians including González who began to use reggaeton in election campaigns to appeal to younger voters in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-news.nacla.org_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-news.nacla.org-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Puerto Rican mainstream acceptance of reggaeton has grown and the genre has become part of popular culture, including a 2006 <a href="/wiki/Pepsi" title="Pepsi">Pepsi</a> commercial with <a href="/wiki/Daddy_Yankee" title="Daddy Yankee">Daddy Yankee</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and PepsiCo's choice of <a href="/wiki/Ivy_Queen" title="Ivy Queen">Ivy Queen</a> as musical spokesperson for Mountain Dew.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (December 2018)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup> Other examples of greater acceptance in Puerto Rico are religiously- and educationally-influenced lyrics; <i>Reggae School</i> is a rap album produced to teach math skills to children, similar to <i><a href="/wiki/School_House_Rock" class="mw-redirect" title="School House Rock">School House Rock</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reggaeton expanded when other producers, such as <a href="/wiki/DJ_Nelson" title="DJ Nelson">DJ Nelson</a> and DJ Eric, followed <a href="/wiki/DJ_Playero" title="DJ Playero">DJ Playero</a>. During the 1990s, <a href="/wiki/Ivy_Queen" title="Ivy Queen">Ivy Queen</a>'s 1996 album <i><a href="/wiki/En_Mi_Imperio" title="En Mi Imperio">En Mi Imperio</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/DJ_Playero" title="DJ Playero">DJ Playero</a>'s <i>Playero 37</i> (introducing Daddy Yankee) and <i>The Noise: Underground</i>, <i>The Noise 5</i> and <i>The Noise 6</i> were popular in Puerto Rico and the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>. <a href="/wiki/Don_Chezina" title="Don Chezina">Don Chezina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tempo_(rapper)" title="Tempo (rapper)">Tempo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Dee" title="Eddie Dee">Eddie Dee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baby_Rasta_%26_Gringo" title="Baby Rasta & Gringo">Baby Rasta & Gringo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lito_%26_Polaco" title="Lito & Polaco">Lito & Polaco</a> were also popular. </p><p>The name "reggaeton" became prominent during the early 2000s, characterized by the dembow beat. It was coined in Puerto Rico to describe a unique fusion of Puerto Rican music.<sup id="cite_ref-phoenix_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phoenix-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reggaeton is currently popular throughout Latin America. It increased in popularity with Latino youth in the United States when DJ Joe and DJ Blass worked with <a href="/wiki/Plan_B_(duo)" title="Plan B (duo)">Plan B</a> and <a href="/wiki/Speedy_(musician)" title="Speedy (musician)">Sir Speedy</a><sup id="cite_ref-RhythmTravels.com_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RhythmTravels.com-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on <i>Reggaeton Sex</i>, <i>Sandunguero</i> and <i>Fatal Fantasy</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004:_Crossover"><span class="anchor" id="2004:_The_cross-over_year"></span>2004: Crossover</h3></div> <p>In 2004, reggaeton became popular throughout the United States and Europe. <a href="/wiki/Tego_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Tego Calderón">Tego Calderón</a> was receiving airplay in the U.S., and the music was popular among youth. Daddy Yankee's <i><a href="/wiki/El_Cangri.com" title="El Cangri.com">El Cangri.com</a></i> became popular that year in the country, as did <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_%26_Tito" title="Héctor & Tito">Héctor & Tito</a>. <a href="/wiki/Luny_Tunes" title="Luny Tunes">Luny Tunes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Noriega_(producer)" title="Noriega (producer)">Noriega</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Mas_Flow_(album)" title="Mas Flow (album)">Mas Flow</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Yaga_%26_Mackie" title="Yaga & Mackie">Yaga & Mackie</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Sonando_Diferente" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonando Diferente">Sonando Diferente</a></i>, Tego Calderón's <i><a href="/wiki/El_Abayarde" title="El Abayarde">El Abayarde</a></i>, Ivy Queen's <i><a href="/wiki/Diva_(Ivy_Queen_album)" title="Diva (Ivy Queen album)">Diva</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Zion_%26_Lennox" title="Zion & Lennox">Zion & Lennox</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Motivando_a_la_Yal" title="Motivando a la Yal">Motivando a la Yal</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Desaf%C3%ADo_(album)" title="Desafío (album)">Desafío</a></i> compilation were also well received. Rapper <a href="/wiki/N.O.R.E." title="N.O.R.E.">N.O.R.E.</a> released a hit single, "<a href="/wiki/Oye_Mi_Canto" title="Oye Mi Canto">Oye Mi Canto</a>". Daddy Yankee released <i><a href="/wiki/Barrio_Fino" title="Barrio Fino">Barrio Fino</a></i> and a hit single, "<a href="/wiki/Gasolina" title="Gasolina">Gasolina</a>", opening the door for reggaeton globally.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tego Calderón recorded the singles "Pa' Que Retozen" and "Guasa Guasa". <a href="/wiki/Don_Omar" title="Don Omar">Don Omar</a> was popular, particularly in Europe, with "<a href="/wiki/Pobre_Diabla_(Mexican_TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pobre Diabla (Mexican TV series)">Pobre Diabla</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Dale_Don_Dale" title="Dale Don Dale">Dale Don Dale</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other popular reggaeton artists include <a href="/wiki/Tony_Dize" title="Tony Dize">Tony Dize</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angel_%26_Khriz" class="mw-redirect" title="Angel & Khriz">Angel & Khriz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nina_Sky" title="Nina Sky">Nina Sky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dyland_%26_Lenny" title="Dyland & Lenny">Dyland & Lenny</a>, <a href="/wiki/RKM_%26_Ken-Y" class="mw-redirect" title="RKM & Ken-Y">RKM & Ken-Y</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julio_Voltio" title="Julio Voltio">Julio Voltio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calle_13_(band)" title="Calle 13 (band)">Calle 13</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_el_Father" title="Héctor el Father">Héctor el Father</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wisin_%26_Yandel" title="Wisin & Yandel">Wisin & Yandel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tito_El_Bambino" title="Tito El Bambino">Tito El Bambino</a>. In late 2004 and early 2005, inspired by the success of "Gasolina", <a href="/wiki/Shakira" title="Shakira">Shakira</a> collaborated with <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Sanz" title="Alejandro Sanz">Alejandro Sanz</a> to record "<a href="/wiki/La_Tortura" title="La Tortura">La Tortura</a>" and "La Tortura – Shaketon Remix" for her album, <i><a href="/wiki/Fijaci%C3%B3n_Oral_Vol._1" class="mw-redirect" title="Fijación Oral Vol. 1">Fijación Oral Vol. 1</a></i>, further popularizing reggaeton.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four reggaeton songs were sung at the <a href="/wiki/2005_MTV_Video_Music_Awards" title="2005 MTV Video Music Awards">2005 MTV Video Music Awards</a>: by <a href="/wiki/Don_Omar" title="Don Omar">Don Omar</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Dile_(Don_Omar_song)" title="Dile (Don Omar song)">Dile</a>"), Tego Calderón, Daddy Yankee, and Shakira with Sanz – the first time any reggaeton song was performed on that stage. </p><p>Musicians began to incorporate <a href="/wiki/Bachata_(music)" title="Bachata (music)">bachata</a> into reggaeton,<sup id="cite_ref-ReggaetonBook_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReggaetonBook-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Ivy Queen releasing singles ("<a href="/wiki/Te_He_Querido,_Te_He_Llorado" title="Te He Querido, Te He Llorado">Te He Querido, Te He Llorado</a>" and "La Mala") featuring bachata's signature guitar sound, slower, romantic rhythms and emotive singing style.<sup id="cite_ref-ReggaetonBook_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReggaetonBook-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daddy Yankee's "<a href="/wiki/Lo_Que_Paso,_Paso" class="mw-redirect" title="Lo Que Paso, Paso">Lo Que Paso, Paso</a>" and Don Omar's "Dile" are also bachata-influenced. In 2005 producers began to remix existing reggaeton music with bachata, marketing it as <i><a href="/wiki/Bachaton" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachaton">bachaton</a></i>: "bachata, Puerto Rican style".<sup id="cite_ref-ReggaetonBook_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReggaetonBook-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2006–2017:_Topping_the_charts"><span id="2006.E2.80.932017:_Topping_the_charts"></span>2006–2017: Topping the charts</h3></div> <p>In May 2006, Don Omar's <i><a href="/wiki/King_of_Kings_(Don_Omar_album)" title="King of Kings (Don Omar album)">King of Kings</a></i> was the highest-ranking reggaeton LP to date on the U.S. charts, debuting atop the <a href="/wiki/Top_Latin_Albums" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Latin Albums">Top Latin Albums</a> chart and peaking at number seven on the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_200" title="Billboard 200"><i>Billboard</i> 200</a> chart. Omar's single, "Angelito", topped the <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_charts" title="Billboard charts">Billboard</a></i> Latin Rhythm Radio Chart.<sup id="cite_ref-LR_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LR-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He broke <a href="/wiki/Britney_Spears" title="Britney Spears">Britney Spears</a>' in-store-appearance sales record at Downtown Disney's Virgin music store. </p><p>That same year, <a href="/wiki/Shakira" title="Shakira">Shakira</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Hips_Don%27t_Lie" title="Hips Don't Lie">Hips Don't Lie</a>", featuring <a href="/wiki/Wyclef_Jean" title="Wyclef Jean">Wyclef Jean</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Fugees" title="Fugees">Fugees</a>, became "the most popular song in the genre's history", with "the dembow beat in the background, the trumpet sample of Jerry Rivera's "Amores como el nuestro" in the chorus, the obvious salsa influence."<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2007, Daddy Yankee's <i><a href="/wiki/El_Cartel_III:_The_Big_Boss" class="mw-redirect" title="El Cartel III: The Big Boss">El Cartel III: The Big Boss</a></i> set a first-week sales record for a reggaeton album, with 88,000 copies sold.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It topped the Top Latin Albums and Top Rap Albums charts, the first reggaeton album to do so on the latter. The album peaked at number nine on the <i>Billboard</i> 200, the second-highest reggaeton album on the mainstream chart.<sup id="cite_ref-Artist_Chart_History_–_Daddy_Yankee_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Artist_Chart_History_–_Daddy_Yankee-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wisin_%26_Yandel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Wisin & Yandel, performing in front of a large sign with their names" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Wisin_%26_Yandel.jpg/250px-Wisin_%26_Yandel.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Wisin_%26_Yandel.jpg/375px-Wisin_%26_Yandel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Wisin_%26_Yandel.jpg/500px-Wisin_%26_Yandel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Wisin & Yandel</figcaption></figure> <p>The third-highest-ranking reggaeton album was <a href="/wiki/Wisin_%26_Yandel" title="Wisin & Yandel">Wisin & Yandel</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Wisin_vs._Yandel:_Los_Extraterrestres" title="Wisin vs. Yandel: Los Extraterrestres">Wisin vs. Yandel: Los Extraterrestres</a></i>, which debuted at number 14 on the <i>Billboard</i> 200 and number one on the Top Latin Albums chart later in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008 Daddy Yankee soundtrack to his film, <i><a href="/wiki/Talento_de_Barrio_(soundtrack)" title="Talento de Barrio (soundtrack)">Talento de Barrio</a></i>, debuted at number 13 on the <i>Billboard</i> 200 chart. It peaked at number one on the Top Latin Albums chart, number three on <i>Billboard's</i> <a href="/wiki/Top_Soundtracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Soundtracks">Top Soundtracks</a> and number six on the Top Rap Albums chart.<sup id="cite_ref-Artist_Chart_History_–_Daddy_Yankee_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Artist_Chart_History_–_Daddy_Yankee-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, Wisin & Yandel's <i><a href="/wiki/La_Revoluci%C3%B3n" title="La Revolución">La Revolución</a></i> debuted at number seven on the <i>Billboard</i> 200, number one on the <a href="/wiki/Top_Latin_Albums" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Latin Albums">Top Latin Albums</a> and number three on the Top Rap Albums charts. </p><p>By 2008, Reggaeton was the "biggest-selling genre of Latin music" and one of its artists, Tego Calderon, was using it to describe and encourage <a href="/wiki/Black_pride" title="Black pride">black pride</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NPR2008_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPR2008-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_2017:_"Despacito"_effect"><span id="Since_2017:_.22Despacito.22_effect"></span>Since 2017: "Despacito" effect</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:J_Balvin_-_Ay_Vamos_-_Festival_de_Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar_2017_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/J_Balvin_-_Ay_Vamos_-_Festival_de_Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar_2017_%284%29.jpg/220px-J_Balvin_-_Ay_Vamos_-_Festival_de_Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar_2017_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/J_Balvin_-_Ay_Vamos_-_Festival_de_Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar_2017_%284%29.jpg/330px-J_Balvin_-_Ay_Vamos_-_Festival_de_Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar_2017_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/J_Balvin_-_Ay_Vamos_-_Festival_de_Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar_2017_%284%29.jpg/440px-J_Balvin_-_Ay_Vamos_-_Festival_de_Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar_2017_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="665" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/J_Balvin" title="J Balvin">J Balvin</a> in 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2017, the music video for "<a href="/wiki/Despacito" title="Despacito">Despacito</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Luis_Fonsi" title="Luis Fonsi">Luis Fonsi</a> featuring <a href="/wiki/Daddy_Yankee" title="Daddy Yankee">Daddy Yankee</a> reached one billion views in less than three months. From January 2018 to November 2020, the music video was the most viewed YouTube video of all-time. With its 3.3 million certified sales plus track-equivalent streams, "Despacito" became one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_Latin_singles_in_the_United_States" title="List of best-selling Latin singles in the United States">best-selling Latin singles in the United States</a>. The success of the song and its remix version led Daddy Yankee to become the most listened-to artist worldwide on the streaming service <a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a> on 9 July 2017, being the first Latin artist to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later became the fifth most listened-to male artist and the sixth overall of 2017 on Spotify.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2017, "Despacito" was cited by <i>Billboard</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s Leila Cobo as the song that renewed interest in the <a href="/wiki/Latin_music_(genre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin music (genre)">Latin music</a> market from recording labels in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Julyssa Lopez of <i>The Washington Post</i> stated that the successes of "Despacito" and J Balvin's "<a href="/wiki/Mi_Gente_(J_Balvin_and_Willy_William_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi Gente (J Balvin and Willy William song)">Mi Gente</a>" is "the beginning of a new Latin crossover era."<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stephanie Ho of <a href="/wiki/Genius_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Genius (website)">Genius</a> website wrote that "the successes of 'Despacito' and 'Mi Gente' could point to the beginning of a successful wave for Spanish-language music in the US."<sup id="cite_ref-genius_ho_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genius_ho-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ho also stated that "as 'Despacito' proves, fans don't need to understand the language in order to enjoy the music", referring to the worldwide success of the song, including various non-Spanish-speaking countries.<sup id="cite_ref-genius_ho_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genius_ho-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id=""Te_Boté"_and_the_minimalist_dembow"><span id=".22Te_Bot.C3.A9.22_and_the_minimalist_dembow"></span>"Te Boté" and the minimalist dembow</h4></div> <p>In April 2018, "Te Boté" was released by Nio Garcia, Casper Magico, <a href="/wiki/Darell_(rapper)" title="Darell (rapper)">Darell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ozuna" title="Ozuna">Ozuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bad_Bunny" title="Bad Bunny">Bad Bunny</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nicky_Jam" title="Nicky Jam">Nicky Jam</a>. It reached number one on the <i>Billboard</i> Hot Latin Songs chart. It currently has over 1.8 billion views on YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many artists began to mark strong commercial trends in a market dominated by mixing Latin trap and reggaeton followed by a new minimalist dembow rhythm. For example, songs such as "Adictiva" by Daddy Yankee and Anuel AA, "Asesina" by Brytiago and Darell, "Cuando Te Besé" by Becky G and Paulo Londra, "No Te Veo" by Casper Magico and many other songs have been made in this style.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics"><span class="anchor" id="Musical_characteristics"></span>Characteristics</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rhythm">Rhythm</h3></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Dembow" class="mw-redirect" title="Dembow">dembow</a> <a href="/wiki/Riddim" title="Riddim">riddim</a> was created by Jamaican <a href="/wiki/Dancehall" title="Dancehall">dancehall</a> <a href="/wiki/Record_producer" title="Record producer">producers</a> during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Dembow consists of a kick drum, kickdown drum, palito, snare drum, timbal, timballroll and (sometimes) a high-hat cymbal. Dembow's percussion pattern was influenced by dancehall and other <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">West Indian</a> music (<a href="/wiki/Soca_music" title="Soca music">soca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calypso_music" title="Calypso music">calypso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cadence-lypso" title="Cadence-lypso">cadence</a>); this gives dembow a pan-Caribbean flavor. <a href="/wiki/Steely_%26_Clevie" title="Steely & Clevie">Steely & Clevie</a>, creators of the Poco Man Jam riddim, are usually credited with the creation of dembow.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its heart is the 3+3+2 (<a href="/wiki/Tresillo_(rhythm)" title="Tresillo (rhythm)">tresillo</a>) rhythm, complemented by a bass drum in 4/4 time.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Dembow_Perreo,_Classic_Dembow,_and_Rich_Dembow_Beats.ogg" title="File:Dembow Perreo, Classic Dembow, and Rich Dembow Beats.ogg">"Dem Bow riddim"</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="31" data-mwtitle="Dembow_Perreo,_Classic_Dembow,_and_Rich_Dembow_Beats.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/25/Dembow_Perreo%2C_Classic_Dembow%2C_and_Rich_Dembow_Beats.ogg/Dembow_Perreo%2C_Classic_Dembow%2C_and_Rich_Dembow_Beats.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Dembow_Perreo%2C_Classic_Dembow%2C_and_Rich_Dembow_Beats.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Three dembow rhythms</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132" /><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Perreo_Wiki.wav" title="File:Perreo Wiki.wav">"A basic example of Reggaeton"</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="67" data-mwtitle="Perreo_Wiki.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/Perreo_Wiki.wav/Perreo_Wiki.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/Perreo_Wiki.wav/Perreo_Wiki.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Perreo_Wiki.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">A basic sketch example, 118 bpm key of Am</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>The riddim was first highlighted by <a href="/wiki/Shabba_Ranks" title="Shabba Ranks">Shabba Ranks</a> in "<a href="/wiki/Dem_Bow" title="Dem Bow">Dem Bow</a>", from his 1991 album <i><a href="/wiki/Just_Reality" title="Just Reality">Just Reality</a></i>. To this day, elements of the song's accompaniment track are found in over 80% of all reggaeton productions.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the mid-1980s, dancehall music was revolutionized by the electronic keyboard and drum machine; subsequently, many dancehall producers used them to create different dancehall riddims. Dembow's role in reggaeton is a basic building block, a skeletal sketch in percussion. </p><p>In Reggaeton 'dembow' also incorporates identical Jamaican riddims such as Bam Bam, Hot This Year, Poco Man Jam, Fever Pitch, Red Alert, Trailer Reloaded and Big Up riddims, and several samples are often used. Some reggaeton hits incorporate a lighter, electrified version of the riddim. Examples are "<a href="/wiki/Pa%27_Que_la_Pases_Bien" title="Pa' Que la Pases Bien">Pa' Que la Pases Bien</a>" and "<span title="Spanish-language text"><span lang="es" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Quiero_Bailar_(song)" title="Quiero Bailar (song)">Quiero Bailar</a></span></span>", which uses the Liquid riddim.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2018 a new variation of the Dembow rhythm has emerged; Starting with <a href="/wiki/Te_Bote" class="mw-redirect" title="Te Bote">Te Bote</a>, a sharper minimalist Dembow has become a stable of Reggaeton production which has allowed for more syncopated rhythmic experiments.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lyrics_and_themes">Lyrics and themes</h3></div> <p>Reggaeton lyrical structure resembles that of <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</a>. Although most reggaeton artists recite their lyrics <a href="/wiki/Rapping" title="Rapping">rapping</a> rather than <a href="/wiki/Singing" title="Singing">singing</a>, many alternate rapping and singing. Reggaeton uses traditional verse-chorus-bridge hip hop structure. Like hip hop, reggaeton songs have a <a href="/wiki/Hook_(music)" title="Hook (music)">hook</a> which is repeated throughout the song. <a href="/wiki/Latino_(demonym)" title="Latino (demonym)">Latino</a> ethnic identity is a common musical, lyrical and visual theme. </p><p>Unlike hip-hop CDs, reggaeton discs generally do not have <a href="/wiki/Parental_Advisory" title="Parental Advisory">parental advisories</a>. An exception is Daddy Yankee's <i><a href="/wiki/Barrio_Fino_en_Directo" title="Barrio Fino en Directo">Barrio Fino en Directo</a></i> (<i>Barrio Fino Live</i>), whose live material (and with <a href="/wiki/Snoop_Dogg" title="Snoop Dogg">Snoop Dogg</a> in "<a href="/wiki/Gangsta_Zone" title="Gangsta Zone">Gangsta Zone</a>") were labeled explicit. Snoop Dogg and Daddy Yankee filmed the video for "Gangsta Zone" in Torres Sabana housing projects in Carolina, Puerto Rico on January 27, 2006. Shot in <a href="/wiki/Grayscale" title="Grayscale">grayscale</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daddy Yankee said the video depicts "the real way we live on the island".<sup id="cite_ref-MTV_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MTV-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Artists such as <a href="/wiki/Alexis_%26_Fido" title="Alexis & Fido">Alexis & Fido</a> circumvent radio and television censorship by sexual innuendo and lyrics with <a href="/wiki/Double_meaning" class="mw-redirect" title="Double meaning">double meanings</a>. Some songs have raised concerns about their depiction of women.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although reggaeton began as a mostly-male genre, the number of women artists has been a slowly increasing and include the "<a href="/wiki/Honorific_nicknames_in_popular_music" title="Honorific nicknames in popular music">Queen of Reggaeton</a>", <a href="/wiki/Ivy_Queen" title="Ivy Queen">Ivy Queen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mey_Vidal" title="Mey Vidal">Mey Vidal</a>, <a href="/wiki/K-Narias" title="K-Narias">K-Narias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adassa" title="Adassa">Adassa</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Sista" title="La Sista">La Sista</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glory_(singer)" title="Glory (singer)">Glory</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dance">Dance</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sandungueo" title="Sandungueo">Sandungueo</a></div> <p><i>Sandungueo</i>, or <i>perreo</i>, is a dance associated with reggaeton which emerged during the early 1990s in Puerto Rico. It focuses on <a href="/wiki/Grinding_(dance)" title="Grinding (dance)">grinding</a>, with one partner facing the back of the other (usually male behind female).<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another way of describing this dance is "back-to-front", where the woman presses her rear into the pelvis of her partner to create sexual stimulation. Since traditional couple dancing is face-to-face (such as square dancing and the waltz), reggaeton dancing initially shocked observers with its sensuality but was featured in several music videos.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also known as <a href="/wiki/Daggering" title="Daggering">daggering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grinding_(dance)" title="Grinding (dance)">grinding</a> or juking in the English-speaking areas of the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popularity">Popularity</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latin_America">Latin America</h3></div> <p>Over the past decade,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (November 2022)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> reggaeton has received mainstream recognition in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, where the genre originated from, including <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, where it is now regarded as one of the most popular music genres. Reggaeton has also seen increased popularity in the wider Latin America region, including in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>. </p><p>In Cuba, reggaeton came to incorporate elements of traditional <a href="/wiki/Cuban_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban music">Cuban music</a>, leading to the hybrid <a href="/wiki/Cubaton" class="mw-redirect" title="Cubaton">Cubaton</a>. Two bands credited with popularizing Cubaton are <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1xima_Alerta" title="Máxima Alerta">Máxima Alerta</a> (founded in 1999) and <a href="/wiki/Cubanito_20.02" title="Cubanito 20.02">Cubanito 20.02</a>. The former is notable for fusing Cubaton with other genres, such as <a href="/wiki/Son_Cubano" class="mw-redirect" title="Son Cubano">son Cubano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conga_(music)" title="Conga (music)">conga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumbia" title="Cumbia">cumbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salsa_music" title="Salsa music">salsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merengue_music" title="Merengue music">merengue</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cuban_rumba" title="Cuban rumba">Cuban rumba</a>, as well as styles and forms such as <a href="/wiki/Rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Rap">rap</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ballads" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballads">ballads</a>, whereas the latter's music is influenced more by Jamaican music.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government of Cuba imposed restrictions on reggaeton in public places in 2012. In March 2019, the government went a step further; they banned the "aggressive, sexually explicit and obscene messages of reggaeton" from radio and television, as well as performances by street musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first name of reggaeton in <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> was the Señores Cafetões group, who became known in 2007 with the track "Piriguete" - which at the time was mistaken by Brazilians for <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop">hip hop</a> and <a href="/wiki/Funk_carioca" title="Funk carioca">Brazilian funk</a> because reggaeton was still a genre almost unknown in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Brazil, this musical genre only reached a reasonable popularity around the middle of the decade of 2010. The first great success of the genre in the country was the song "Yes or no" by <a href="/wiki/Anitta_(singer)" title="Anitta (singer)">Anitta</a> with <a href="/wiki/Maluma_(singer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maluma (singer)">Maluma</a>. One of the explanations for reggaeton has not reached the same level of popularity that exists in other Latin American countries is due to the fact that Brazil is a Portuguese-speaking country, which has historically led it to become more isolationist than other Latin American countries in the musical scene. The musical rhythm only became popular in the country when it reached other markets, like the American.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (November 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The genre is now overcoming the obstacle of language. Some of the biggest names in the Brazilian music market have partnered with artists from other Latin American countries and explored the rhythm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3></div> <p>The New York–based rapper <a href="/wiki/N.O.R.E." title="N.O.R.E.">N.O.R.E.</a>, also known as Noreaga, produced <a href="/wiki/Nina_Sky" title="Nina Sky">Nina Sky</a>'s 2004 hit "<a href="/wiki/Oye_Mi_Canto" title="Oye Mi Canto">Oye Mi Canto</a>", which featured <a href="/wiki/Tego_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Tego Calderón">Tego Calderón</a> and Daddy Yankee, and reggaeton became popular in the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall,_Wayne_2006_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall,_Wayne_2006-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daddy Yankee then caught the attention of many hip-hop artists with his song "<a href="/wiki/Gasolina" title="Gasolina">Gasolina</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall,_Wayne_2006_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall,_Wayne_2006-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that year <a href="/wiki/XM_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="XM Radio">XM Radio</a> introduced its reggaeton channel, <a href="/wiki/Fuego_(XM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuego (XM)">Fuego (XM)</a>. Although XM Radio removed the channel in December 2007 from home and car receivers, it can still be streamed from the XM Satellite Radio website. Reggaeton is the foundation of a Latin-American commercial-radio term, <a href="/wiki/Hurban" title="Hurban">hurban</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall,_Wayne_2006_73-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall,_Wayne_2006-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a combination of "Hispanic" and "urban" used to evoke the musical influences of hip hop and Latin American music. Reggaeton, which evolved from dancehall and reggae, and with influences from hip hop has helped Latin-Americans contribute to urban American culture and keep many aspects of their Hispanic heritage. The music relates to American socioeconomic issues, including gender and race, in common with hip hop.<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall,_Wayne_2006_73-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall,_Wayne_2006-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3></div> <p>As in Latin America, reggaeton is a fairly widespread genre within <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>. For years it has topped the list as the most listened to musical genre in the Iberian country. Reggaeton arrived in Spain due to the large immigration flows of the 2000s and today it is a genre that is quite integrated into Spanish society, which also has its own exponents of the genre such as <a href="/wiki/Enrique_Iglesias" title="Enrique Iglesias">Enrique Iglesias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosal%C3%ADa" title="Rosalía">Rosalía</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ana_Mena" title="Ana Mena">Ana Mena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lola_%C3%8Dndigo" title="Lola Índigo">Lola Índigo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Juan_Mag%C3%A1n" title="Juan Magán">Juan Magán</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the rest of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, Reggaeton is less popular in Europe than in Latin America, however it attracts Latin American immigrants.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Spanish media custom, <i>"La Canción del Verano"</i> ("The Song of the Summer"), in which one or two songs define the season's mood, was the basis of the popularity of reggaeton songs such as "Baila Morena" by <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9ctor_%26_Tito" title="Héctor & Tito">Héctor & Tito</a> and <a href="/wiki/Daddy_Yankee" title="Daddy Yankee">Daddy Yankee</a>'s "Gasolina" in 2005. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, reggaeton artists primarily use the <a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino language</a> instead of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> or <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. One example of a popular local reggaeton act is <a href="/wiki/Zamboangue%C3%B1o_people" title="Zamboangueño people">Zamboangueño</a> duo Dos Fuertes, who had a dance hit in 2007 with "Tarat Tat", and who primarily uses the <a href="/wiki/Chavacano" title="Chavacano">Chavacano language</a> in their songs. </p><p>In 2020, Malaysian rapper <a href="/wiki/Namewee" title="Namewee">Namewee</a> released the single and music video "China Reggaeton" featuring <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Wong_(Hong_Kong_actor)" title="Anthony Wong (Hong Kong actor)">Anthony Wong</a>. It is the first time reggaeton was sung in the Chinese languages of Mandarin and Hakka and accompanied by traditional Chinese instruments like the <a href="/wiki/Erhu" title="Erhu">erhu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pipa" title="Pipa">pipa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guzheng" title="Guzheng">guzheng</a>, creating a fusion of reggaeton and traditional Chinese musical styles.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="LGBTQ_influence">LGBTQ influence</h2></div> <p>Reggaeton has traditionally been male dominated and <a href="/wiki/Heteronormative" class="mw-redirect" title="Heteronormative">heteronormative</a>, known to "reinforce the most unpleasant aspects of <a href="/wiki/Machismo" title="Machismo">machismo</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genre began to accept queer and trans artists into the mainstream after <a href="/wiki/Bad_Bunny" title="Bad Bunny">Bad Bunny</a> publicly voiced his allyship to the queer community through challenging <a href="/wiki/Gender_norms" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender norms">gender norms</a> and homophobic notions.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New generation artists like <a href="/wiki/Villano_Antillano" title="Villano Antillano">Villano Antillano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Young_Miko" title="Young Miko">Young Miko</a>, La Cruz and others have been challenging the stereotypes and values traditionally associated with the genre.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022 Villano Antillano, a trans-femme rap/reggaeton artist from Puerto Rico, broke the record as "the first transwoman to hit number 50 on Spotify" with <a href="/wiki/Villano_Antillano:_Bzrp_Music_Sessions,_Vol._51" title="Villano Antillano: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol. 51">Villano Antillano: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol. 51</a> in collaboration with producer <a href="/wiki/Bizarrap" title="Bizarrap">Bizarrap</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She began her music career as a male-presenting person under the artist name "Villano Antillano" and later decided to "step into [her] femininity" and transition.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She has since kept her original artist name, but identifies as non-binary and is referred to as her legal name "Villana".<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Villana has spoken on her experience confronting the barriers for queer and trans people in the reggaeton and urban industry; she says, "all of these cis male artists, who are very close, aren't going to collaborate with a trans woman. There are very few. We can count them on one hand."<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023 Young Miko, a queer trap and reggaeton artist from Puerto Rico, charted in the Billboard Hot 100 with her single "Classy 101". In the same year, she was featured on Spanish rapper Bad Gyal's "Chulo Pt2", along with <a href="/wiki/Tokischa" title="Tokischa">Tokischa</a>, a queer <a href="/wiki/Dembow" class="mw-redirect" title="Dembow">Dembow</a> singer; as of October 2023, the song has over 100 million views on YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the start of her career, Young Miko grew a local following in Puerto Rico releasing music independently on <a href="/wiki/SoundCloud" title="SoundCloud">SoundCloud</a>, but gained national visibility after Bad Bunny invited her on stage during his <a href="/wiki/Un_Verano_Sin_Ti" title="Un Verano Sin Ti">Un Verano Sin Ti</a> tour.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2023, reggaeton artist, La Cruz, from Venezuela released a music video for his single "TE CONOCI BAILANDO", which featured several homoerotic images including several shirtless men, locker room interactions and guys twerking in front of urinals.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He challenged what is expected from traditional reggaeton music visuals by having gay men be the object of desire rather than women.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The music video has amounted 2 million views on YouTube as of October 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2></div> <p>Despite the popularity of the genre, reggaeton has also attracted criticism due to its constant references to sexual and violent themes, similar to those of hip-hop. Mexican singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Aleks_Syntek" title="Aleks Syntek">Aleks Syntek</a> made a public post on social media complaining that such music was played at <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City_International_Airport" title="Mexico City International Airport">Mexico City's airport</a> in the morning with children present.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2019, other singers who expressed dismay over the genre included <a href="/wiki/Vallenato" title="Vallenato">vallenato</a> singer <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Vives" title="Carlos Vives">Carlos Vives</a> and <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9roes_del_Silencio" title="Héroes del Silencio">Heroes Del Silencio</a> singer <a href="/wiki/Enrique_Bunbury" title="Enrique Bunbury">Enrique Bunbury</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, some activists stated that reggaeton music gives way to misogynistic and sadistic messages.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some reggaeton singers have decided to counteract such accusations. One notable example is singer <a href="/wiki/Flex_(singer)" title="Flex (singer)">Flex</a>, who in 2009 committed himself to singing songs with romance messages, a subgenre he dubbed "romantic style".<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/10px-GClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/15px-GClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/20px-GClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="41" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Music" title="Portal:Music">Music portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reggaeton_musicians" title="List of reggaeton musicians">List of reggaeton musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_en_Espa%C3%B1ol" title="Reggae en Español">Reggae en Español</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamanian_reggaet%C3%B3n" title="Panamanian reggaetón">Panamanian reggaetón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dancehall" title="Dancehall">Dancehall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_music" title="Calypso music">Calypso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soca_music" title="Soca music">Soca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latino_poetry" title="Latino poetry">Latino poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuyorican_movement" title="Nuyorican movement">Nuyorican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwaito" title="Kwaito">Kwaito</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Origin3-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Origin3_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Origin3_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCastillo2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Castillo, Pamela (6 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elcomercio.com/tendencias/entretenimiento/reggaeton-historia-panama-puertorico-musicaurbana.html">"El reggaetón: cuatro décadas de historia con fusiones latinas"</a>. <i>El Comercio</i> (in Spanish). Quito, Ecuador<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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An important new podcast sets the record straight"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Billboard. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/don-omar-gerardo-ortiz-to-perform-at-billboard-latin-music-awards-1552550/amp/">the original</a> on 7 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Don+Omar%2C+Gerardo+Ortiz+to+Perform+at+Billboard+Latin+Music+Awards&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=2013-03-19&rft.au=Justino+Aguila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-news%2Fdon-omar-gerardo-ortiz-to-perform-at-billboard-latin-music-awards-1552550%2Famp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoser2018" class="citation web cs1">Moser, John J. (22 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/mc-ent-don-omar-sands-bethlehem-20180622-story.html">"Don Omar, one of Latin music's biggest stars, to play Sands Bethlehem Event Center"</a>. <i>Chicago Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Don+Omar%2C+one+of+Latin+music%27s+biggest+stars%2C+to+play+Sands+Bethlehem+Event+Center&rft.date=2018-06-22&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fmc-ent-don-omar-sands-bethlehem-20180622-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.miamiherald.com/miami-com/nightlife/article225709395.html">"Soulfrito Festival returns with Nas and Don Omar"</a>. <i>Miami Herald</i>. 7 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reggaeton+king+Daddy+Yankee+to+play+Bogota&rft.pub=Colombia+Reports&rft.date=2010-07-23&rft.au=Pandora+Pugsley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcolombiareports.com%2Fevents-nightlife%2Fbogota%2F10970-reggaeton-king-daddy-yankee-to-play-bogota-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hablacultura.com/cultura-textos-aprender-espanol/musica-en-espanol/regueton/">"El reguetón nació en Puerto Rico"</a>. <i>HABLACULTURA</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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A New Podcast Helps Us Listen That Way"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rise+of+Reggaet%C3%B3n&rft.date=2006-01-19&rft.au=Wayne+Marshall&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthephoenix.com%2FBoston%2FMusic%2F1595-rise-of-reggaeton%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ENDI_2022-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ENDI_2022_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENDI_2022_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ENDI_2022_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elnuevodia.com/entretenimiento/musica/notas/cronica-las-guardianas-del-regueton/">"Crónica: Las guardianas del reguetón"</a>. <i>El Nuevo Día</i> (in Spanish). 24 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+King+of+Reggaet%C3%B3n&rft.date=2006-02-05&rft.aulast=Corbett&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F02%2F05%2Fmagazine%2Fthe-king-of-reggaeton.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto1_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070208201504/http://ocio.ya.com/musica/2005/01/254555.html">"El Reggaeton"</a>. 8 February 2007. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MTV&rft.atitle=15+Years+Ago%2C+Daddy+Yankee%27s+Barrio+Fino+Set+The+Template+For+Reggaeton%27s+Big+Rise&rft.date=2019-07-18&rft.au=Staff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtv.com%2Fnews%2F3131801%2Fdaddy-yankee-gasolina-barrio-fino-15-anniversary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReggaetonBook-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReggaetonBook_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReggaetonBook_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReggaetonBook_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRiveraMarshallHernandez2009" class="citation book cs1">Rivera, Raquel Z.; Marshall, Wayne; Hernandez, Deborah Pacini (24 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=koaINmF8l5kC&q=La%2520Mala%2520Ivy%2520Queen&pg=PA143"><i>Reggaeton</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2022</span>. <q>I started to do music from a black beat, so that blacks can feel proud being black.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=Tego+Calderon%3A+Reggaeton+On+Black+Pride&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2008%2F09%2F03%2F94243997%2Ftego-calderon-reggaeton-on-black-pride&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRatner-Arias2017" class="citation news cs1">Ratner-Arias, Sigal (9 July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709221642/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/daddy-yankee-is-1-on-spotify-1st-latin-artist-to-do-so/2017/07/09/42a78bb2-64da-11e7-94ab-5b1f0ff459df_story.html">"Daddy Yankee is #1 on Spotify; 1st Latin artist to do so"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/daddy-yankee-is-1-on-spotify-1st-latin-artist-to-do-so/2017/07/09/42a78bb2-64da-11e7-94ab-5b1f0ff459df_story.html">the original</a> on 9 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Daddy+Yankee+is+%231+on+Spotify%3B+1st+Latin+artist+to+do+so&rft.date=2017-07-09&rft.aulast=Ratner-Arias&rft.aufirst=Sigal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnational%2Fdaddy-yankee-is-1-on-spotify-1st-latin-artist-to-do-so%2F2017%2F07%2F09%2F42a78bb2-64da-11e7-94ab-5b1f0ff459df_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCalle2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Calle, Tommy (9 July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hoylosangeles.com/espectaculos/musica/hoyla-mus-hace-historia-daddy-yankee-y-es-ahora-oficialmente-el-mas-escuchado-del-mundo-en-spotify-20170709-story.html">"Hace historia Daddy Yankee y es ahora oficialmente el primer latino número uno del mundo en Spotify"</a> (in Spanish). hoylosangeles.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170713065539/http://www.hoylosangeles.com/espectaculos/musica/hoyla-mus-hace-historia-daddy-yankee-y-es-ahora-oficialmente-el-mas-escuchado-del-mundo-en-spotify-20170709-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=The+Success+of+%27Despacito%27+Has+Labels+Looking+to+Latin&rft.date=2017-06-15&rft.aulast=Cobo&rft.aufirst=Leila&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-feature%2F7832991%2Fdespacito-success-record-labels-looking-latin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLopez2017" class="citation news cs1">Lopez, Julyssa (24 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/whats-next-for-latin-music-after-the-summer-of-despacito/2017/08/24/703ba7de-8816-11e7-961d-2f373b3977ee_story.html">"What's next for Latin music after the summer of 'Despacito'?"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170826194217/https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/whats-next-for-latin-music-after-the-summer-of-despacito/2017/08/24/703ba7de-8816-11e7-961d-2f373b3977ee_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=No+Translation+Necessary%3A+Beyond+%22Despacito%2C%22+The+Latin+Music+Scene+Is+Booming&rft.date=2017-09-12&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgenius.com%2Fa%2Fno-translation-necessary-beyond-despacito-the-latin-music-scene-is-booming&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeight2019" class="citation magazine cs1">Leight, Elias (26 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-latin/te-bote-remix-youtube-imitators-783492/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Te Boté' Was a Massive Hit — Now It's Spawned Imitators"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Heabbi&rft.atitle=Las+4+mejores+canciones+influenciadas+por+%22Te+Bot%C3%A9%22&rft.date=2019-01-08&rft.aulast=Leight&rft.aufirst=Elias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheabbi.com%2Flas-4-mejores-canciones-influenciadas-por-te-bote&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wearemitu.com/entertainment/the-evolution-of-reggaeton-in-the-2010s-from-despacito-to-te-bote-this-is-how-latinx-music-turned-into-a-global-phenomenon/">"The Evolution of Reggaeton From Despacito to Te Bote"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mitu" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitu">Mitu</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mitu&rft.atitle=The+Evolution+of+Reggaeton+From+Despacito+to+Te+Bote&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwearemitu.com%2Fentertainment%2Fthe-evolution-of-reggaeton-in-the-2010s-from-despacito-to-te-bote-this-is-how-latinx-music-turned-into-a-global-phenomenon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wayneandwax.com/pdfs/dembow-paper-proofs.pdf">"Marshall, "Dem Bow, Dembow, Dembo: Translation and Transnation in Reggaeton." 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Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2009 and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wayneandwax.com/pdfs/dembow-paper-proofs.pdf">Marshall, Dem Bow, Dembow, Dembo: Translation and Transnation in Reggaeton</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101129133322/http://wayneandwax.com/pdfs/dembow-paper-proofs.pdf">Archived</a> 29 November 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarshall2008" class="citation journal cs1">Marshall, Wayne (2008). 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"The Rise and Fall of Reggaeton: From Daddy Yankee to Tego Calderón and Beyond" in Jiménez Román, Miriam, and Juan Flores, eds. <i>The Afro-Latin@ reader: history and culture in the United States</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Erizos.mx&rft.atitle=Estos+t%C3%ADos+tambi%C3%A9n+odian+el+reggaet%C3%B3n...+perd%C3%B3n%2C+estos+artistas&rft.date=2018-06-04&rft.aulast=Soria&rft.aufirst=C%C3%A9sar+Garc%C3%ADa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ferizos.mx%2Fmusica%2Ffamosos-que-no-soportan-el-reggaeton-carlos-vives-alex-syntek%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazelle.org/issue/54/opinion/music-and-distinction-sebastian-rojas-cabal">"Reggaeton Is Not The Problem, Misogyny Is"</a>. <i>The Gazelle</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124400/https://www.thegazelle.org/issue/54/opinion/music-and-distinction-sebastian-rojas-cabal">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Gazelle&rft.atitle=Reggaeton+Is+Not+The+Problem%2C+Misogyny+Is&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazelle.org%2Fissue%2F54%2Fopinion%2Fmusic-and-distinction-sebastian-rojas-cabal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-flex-idUSTRE5092CC20090110">"Latin singer Flex leads 'Romantic' evolution"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 10 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209123919/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-flex-idUSTRE5092CC20090110">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Latin+singer+Flex+leads+%27Romantic%27+evolution&rft.date=2009-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-flex-idUSTRE5092CC20090110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AReggaeton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Reggae" title="Template:Reggae"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Reggae" title="Template talk:Reggae"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Reggae" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Reggae"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Reggae621" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Reggae</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: green; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reggae_genres" title="Reggae genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Genres</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dancehall" title="Dancehall">Dancehall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dancehall_pop" title="Dancehall pop">Dancehall pop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dembow" class="mw-redirect" title="Dembow">Dembow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dub_music" title="Dub music">Dub</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dub_poetry" title="Dub poetry">Dub poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psydub" title="Psydub">Psydub</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_reggae" title="Gospel reggae">Gospel reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovers_rock" title="Lovers rock">Lovers rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyabinghi_rhythm" title="Nyabinghi rhythm">Nyabinghi rhythm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragga" title="Ragga">Ragga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ragga_jungle" class="mw-redirect" title="Ragga jungle">Ragga jungle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_en_Espa%C3%B1ol" title="Reggae en Español">Reggae en Español</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_fusion" title="Reggae fusion">Reggae fusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alt%C3%A9" title="Alté">Alté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dancehall_pop" title="Dancehall pop">Dancehall pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moombahton" title="Moombahton">Moombahton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragga_jungle" class="mw-redirect" title="Ragga jungle">Ragga jungle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_rock" title="Reggae rock">Reggae rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_punk" title="Reggae punk">Reggae punk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggaestep" title="Reggaestep">Reggaestep</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reggaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roots_reggae" title="Roots reggae">Roots reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_reggae" title="Samba reggae">Samba reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seggae" title="Seggae">Seggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singjay" title="Singjay">Singjay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-tone_(music_genre)" title="Two-tone (music genre)">Two-tone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: green; color: white;;width:1%">Characteristics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delay_(audio_effect)" title="Delay (audio effect)">Delay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammond_organ" title="Hammond organ">Hammond organ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_drop_rhythm" title="One drop rhythm">One drop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverb" class="mw-redirect" title="Reverb">Reverb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singjay" title="Singjay">Singjay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ska_stroke" title="Ska stroke">Skank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toasting_(Jamaican_music)" title="Toasting (Jamaican music)">Toasting</a> (<a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey#Reggae_deejays" title="Disc jockey">Deejay</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Walking bass">Walking bass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: green; color: white;;width:1%">People and groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Reggae_Album" title="Grammy Award for Best Reggae Album">Reggae Grammy winners 1985-present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reggae_musicians" title="List of reggae musicians">Reggae musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reggae_rock_artists" title="List of reggae rock artists">Reggae rock artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reggae_fusion_artists" title="List of reggae fusion artists">Reggae fusion artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roots_reggae_artists" title="List of roots reggae artists">Roots reggae artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dub_artists" title="List of dub artists">Dub artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jamaican_record_producers" title="List of Jamaican record producers">Jamaican record producers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reggae_bands_from_the_Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of reggae bands from the Virgin Islands">Reggae bands from the Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: green; color: white;;width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_reggae" title="African reggae">Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_music_in_Kenya" title="Reggae music in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seggae" title="Seggae">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_reggae" title="Nigerian reggae">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimdancehall" title="Zimdancehall">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_reggae" title="Australian reggae">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_reggae" title="Japanese reggae">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_reggae" title="New Zealand reggae">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_reggae" title="Pacific reggae">Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinoy_reggae" title="Pinoy reggae">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_reggae" title="Polish reggae">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_music_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Caribbean music in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: green; color: white;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reggae_festivals" title="List of reggae festivals">List of reggae festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_music_genres" title="List of Caribbean music genres">Caribbean music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_music_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Caribbean music in the United Kingdom">Caribbean music in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Jamaica" title="Music of Jamaica">Music of Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mento" title="Mento">Mento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rude_boy" title="Rude boy">Rude boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinhead" title="Skinhead">Skinhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suedehead_(subculture)" title="Suedehead (subculture)">Suedehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_Hall_(Jamaican)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dance Hall (Jamaican)">Dance Hall (venue)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubplate" title="Dubplate">Dubplate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_system_(Jamaican)" title="Sound system (Jamaican)">Sound system (Jamaican)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_system_(DJ)" title="Sound system (DJ)">Sound system (DJ)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddim" title="Riddim">Riddim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_English" title="Jamaican English">Jamaican English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Patois" title="Jamaican Patois">Jamaican Patois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_One_(record_label)" title="Studio One (record label)">Studio One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_Records" title="Trojan Records">Trojan Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_Records" title="Island Records">Island Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Beat_Records" title="Blue Beat Records">Blue Beat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: green; color: white;"><div><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/32px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/48px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/64px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Jamaica" title="Portal:Jamaica">Jamaica portal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1266661725" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Reggaeton60" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Reggaeton" title="Template:Reggaeton"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Reggaeton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Reggaeton (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Reggaeton" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Reggaeton"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Reggaeton60" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reggaeton</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_reggaeton" title="Alternative reggaeton">Alternative reggaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachat%C3%B3n" title="Bachatón">Bachatón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dancehall_pop" title="Dancehall pop">Dancehall pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moombahton" title="Moombahton">Moombahton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoperreo" title="Neoperreo">Neoperreo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbano_music" title="Urbano music">Urbano</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/32px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/48px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/64px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Puerto_Rico" title="Portal:Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico portal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characteristics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandungueo" title="Sandungueo">Sandungueo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deejay" class="mw-redirect" title="Deejay">Deejay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddim" title="Riddim">Riddim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapping" title="Rapping">Rapping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People and groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reggaeton_musicians" title="List of reggaeton musicians">Reggaeton musicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cubaton" class="mw-redirect" title="Cubaton">Cubaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Music of Puerto Rico">Music of Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Dominican_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Dominican Republic">Music of Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamanian_reggaet%C3%B3n" title="Panamanian reggaetón">Panamanian reggaetón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hip-hop1449" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: darkblue; color: white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hip-hop" title="Template:Hip-hop"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hip-hop" title="Template talk:Hip-hop"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hip-hop" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hip-hop"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hip-hop1449" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop" title="Hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Hip-hop</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: darkblue; color: white;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakdancing" title="Breakdancing"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Breaking</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">DJing</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Graffiti</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emceeing" class="mw-redirect" title="Emceeing"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Emceeing</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatboxing" title="Beatboxing"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Beatboxing</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_rap" title="Battle rap">Battle rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_dance" title="Hip-hop dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_fashion" title="Hip-hop fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_activism" title="Hip-hop activism">Activism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_feminism" title="Hip-hop feminism">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_activism_in_hip-hop" title="Feminist activism in hip-hop">Feminist activism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ hip-hop">LGBTQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip-hop_festivals" title="List of hip-hop festivals">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop" title="Hip-hop">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_production" title="Hip-hop production">Production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_theater" title="Hip-hop theater">Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip-hop_genres" title="List of hip-hop genres">Genres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five-Percent_Nation" title="Five-Percent Nation">Five-Percent Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Zulu_Nation" title="Universal Zulu Nation">Universal Zulu Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old-school_hip-hop" title="Old-school hip-hop">Old-school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New-school_hip-hop" title="New-school hip-hop">New school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_age_hip-hop" title="Golden age hip-hop">Golden age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_underground_scene" title="Bristol underground scene">Bristol underground scene</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip-hop_genres" title="List of hip-hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Subgenres</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip-hop_genres" title="List of hip-hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">General</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_hip-hop" title="Alternative hip-hop">Alternative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hipster_hop" title="Hipster hop">Hipster hop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boom_bap" title="Boom bap">Boom bap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bounce_music" title="Bounce music">Bounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_rap" title="UK rap">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UK_rap#Road_rap" title="UK rap">Road rap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipmunk_soul" title="Chipmunk soul">Chipmunk soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopped_and_screwed" title="Chopped and screwed">Chopped and screwed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopper_(rap)" title="Chopper (rap)">Chopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_rap" title="Cloud rap">Cloud rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_hip-hop" title="Comedy hip-hop">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunk" title="Crunk">Crunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crunkcore" title="Crunkcore">Crunkcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_hip-hop" title="East Coast hip-hop">East Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_rap" title="Freestyle rap">Freestyle rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyphy" title="Hyphy">Hyphy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerkin%27" title="Jerkin'">Jerkin'</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instrumental_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Instrumental hip-hop">Instrumental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_hip-hop" title="Latin hip-hop">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_rap" title="Chicano rap">Chicano rap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofi_hip-hop" title="Lofi hip-hop">Lofi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowend" title="Lowend">Lowend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_bass" title="Miami bass">Miami bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumble_rap" title="Mumble rap">Mumble rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerdcore" title="Nerdcore">Nerdcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chap_hop" title="Chap hop">Chap hop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_hip-hop" title="Political hip-hop">Political</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_hip-hop#Conscious_hip_hop" title="Political hip-hop">Conscious</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_rap" title="Progressive rap">Progressive rap</a></li> <li>Religious <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_hip-hop" title="Christian hip-hop">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_hip-hop" title="Jewish hip-hop">Jewish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap_music" title="Snap music">Snap music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_hip-hop" title="Southern hip-hop">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism">Turntablism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_hip-hop" title="Underground hip-hop">Underground</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_hip-hop" title="Hardcore hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Hardcore</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dirty_rap" title="Dirty rap">Dirty rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangsta_rap" title="Gangsta rap">Gangsta rap</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gangsta_rap#Mafioso_rap" title="Gangsta rap">Mafioso rap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-funk" title="G-funk">G-funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horrorcore" title="Horrorcore">Horrorcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_rap" title="Memphis rap">Memphis rap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Trap_music" title="Trap music"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Trap music</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrobeats#Afro_trap" title="Afrobeats">Afro trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill_music" title="Drill music">Drill</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_drill" title="Brooklyn drill">Brooklyn drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_club#Jersey_club_rap" title="Jersey club">Jersey drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_drill#Sample_drill" title="Brooklyn drill">Sample drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_drill" title="UK drill">UK drill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_trap" title="Latin trap">Latin trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonk" title="Phonk">Phonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plugg_music" title="Plugg music">Plugg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rage_(music_genre)" title="Rage (music genre)">Rage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_on_Dying#Tread_style" title="Working on Dying">Tread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_rap#Trap_scene" title="UK rap">UK trap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip-hop_genres#Fusion_genres" title="List of hip-hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Fusion genres</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip-hop_genres#Fusion_genres" title="List of hip-hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">General</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Country_rap" title="Country rap">Country rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro_(music)" title="Electro (music)">Electro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo_rap" title="Emo rap">Emo rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_soul" title="Hip-hop soul">Hip-hop soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_house" title="Hip house">Hip house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_hip-hop" title="Industrial hip-hop">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_rap" title="Jazz rap">Jazz rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_jack_swing" title="New jack swing">New jack swing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_rap" title="Pop rap">Pop rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_rap" title="Psychedelic rap">Psychedelic rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rap" title="Punk rap">Punk rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragga#Ragga_and_hip_hop_music" title="Ragga">Ragga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_opera" title="Rap opera">Rap opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_rock" title="Rap rock">Rap rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trip_hop" title="Trip hop">Trip hop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Rap metal</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal#Trap_metal" title="Rap metal">Trap metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip-hop_genres#Ethnic_fusion_genres" title="List of hip-hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Regional</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afroswing" title="Afroswing">Afroswing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongo_Flava" title="Bongo Flava">Bongo Flava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boomba_music" title="Boomba music">Boomba music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbia_rap" title="Cumbia rap">Cumbia rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genge" title="Genge">Genge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_galsen" title="Hip-hop galsen">Hip-hop galsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hipco" title="Hipco">Hipco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiplife" title="Hiplife">Hiplife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_rap" title="Igbo rap">Igbo rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwaito" title="Kwaito">Kwaito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_bap" title="Low bap">Low bap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motswako" title="Motswako">Motswako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81_mele_paleoleo" title="Nā mele paleoleo">Nā mele paleoleo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuyorican_rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuyorican rap">Nuyorican rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_hip-hop" title="Romani hip-hop">Romani hip-hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songo-salsa" title="Songo-salsa">Songo-salsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scam_rap" title="Scam rap">Scam rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stronda" title="Stronda">Stronda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Pasifika" title="Urban Pasifika">Urban Pasifika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_rap" title="Vigilante rap">Vigilante rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenji_flava" title="Zenji flava">Zenji flava</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip-hop_genres#Derived_genres" title="List of hip-hop genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Derivatives</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_electronic_music_genres" title="List of electronic music genres"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Electronic</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakbeat" title="Breakbeat">Breakbeat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_club" title="Baltimore club">Baltimore club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_breaks" title="Florida breaks">Florida breaks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghetto_house" title="Ghetto house">Ghetto house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghettotech" title="Ghettotech">Ghettotech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glitch_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Glitch hop">Glitch hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime_music" title="Grime music">Grime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illbient" title="Illbient">Illbient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_music" title="Freestyle music">Freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonky_(genre)" title="Wonky (genre)">Wonky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Other</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funk_carioca" title="Funk carioca">Funk carioca</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reggaeton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_reggaeton" title="Alternative reggaeton">Alternative reggaeton</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Hip-hop_by_country" title="Category:Hip-hop by country"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Regional scenes</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/African_hip-hop" title="African hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">African</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_hip-hop" title="Algerian hip-hop">Algerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angolan_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Angolan hip-hop">Angolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beninese_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Beninese hip-hop">Beninese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Botswana hip-hop">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambian_hip-hop" title="Gambian hip-hop">Gambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gh_hip-hop" title="Gh hip-hop">Ghanaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivorian_hip-hop" title="Ivorian hip-hop">Ivorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyan_hip-hop" title="Kenyan hip-hop">Kenyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawian_hip-hop" title="Malawian hip-hop">Malawian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian hip-hop">Mauritian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_hip-hop" title="Moroccan hip-hop">Moroccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Namibian hip-hop">Namibian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian hip-hop">Nigerian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_Harcourt_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Harcourt hip-hop">Port Harcourt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerien_hip-hop" title="Nigerien hip-hop">Nigerien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_hip-hop" title="Senegalese hip-hop">Senegalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="South African hip-hop">South African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzanian_hip-hop" title="Tanzanian hip-hop">Tanzanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_hip-hop" title="Togolese hip-hop">Togolese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Zambian hip-hop">Zambian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_hip-hop" title="Zimbabwean hip-hop">Zimbabwean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Asian_hip-hop" title="Asian hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Asian</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Armenia#Hip_hop" title="Music of Armenia">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_hip-hop" title="Azerbaijani hip-hop">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_hip-hop" title="Bangladeshi hip-hop">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_hip-hop" title="Burmese hip-hop">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_hip-hop" title="Chinese hip-hop">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_hip-hop" title="Indian hip-hop">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desi_hip-hop" title="Desi hip-hop">Desi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_hip-hop" title="Indonesian hip-hop">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_hip-hop" title="Japanese hip-hop">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_hip-hop" title="Korean hip-hop">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_hip-hop" title="Malaysian hip-hop">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_hip-hop" title="Mongolian hip-hop">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_hip-hop" title="Nepalese hip-hop">Nepalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_hip-hop" title="Pakistani hip-hop">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinoy_hip-hop" title="Pinoy hip-hop">Philippine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_hip-hop" title="Singapore hip-hop">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_hip-hop" title="Sri Lankan hip-hop">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_hip-hop" title="Taiwanese hip-hop">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_hip-hop" title="Thai hip-hop">Thai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/European_hip-hop" title="European hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">European</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_hip-hop" title="Albanian hip-hop">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_hip-hop" title="Austrian hip-hop">Austrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_hip-hop" title="Belgian hip-hop">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_and_Herzegovinian_hip-hop" title="Bosnian and Herzegovinian hip-hop">Bosnian and Herzegovinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_rap" title="UK rap">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic hip-hop">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_hip-hop" title="Scottish hip-hop">Scottish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_hip-hop" title="Bulgarian hip-hop">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_hip-hop" title="Croatian hip-hop">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_hip-hop" title="Czech hip-hop">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_hip-hop" title="Dutch hip-hop">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_hip-hop" title="Finnish hip-hop">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_hip-hop" title="French hip-hop">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_hip-hop" title="German hip-hop">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_hip-hop" title="Greek hip-hop">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_tuga" title="Hip-hop tuga">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_hip-hop" title="Hungarian hip-hop">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_hip-hop" title="Icelandic hip-hop">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_hip-hop" title="Irish hip-hop">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_hip-hop" title="Italian hip-hop">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_hip-hop" title="Macedonian hip-hop">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Montenegrin hip-hop">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian hip-hop">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_hip-hop" title="Polish hip-hop">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_hip-hop" title="Romanian hip-hop">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_hip-hop" title="Romani hip-hop">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_hip-hop" title="Russian hip-hop">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_hip-hop" title="Serbian hip-hop">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_hip-hop" title="Slovak hip-hop">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_hip-hop" title="Slovenian hip-hop">Slovenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish hip-hop">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_hip-hop" title="Swedish hip-hop">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_hip-hop" title="Swiss hip-hop">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_hip-hop" title="Ukrainian hip-hop">Ukrainian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_hip-hop" title="Middle Eastern hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Middle Eastern</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_hip-hop" title="Arabic hip-hop">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hip-hop" title="Egyptian hip-hop">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_hip-hop" title="Iranian hip-hop">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_hip-hop" title="Israeli hip-hop">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_hip-hop" title="Lebanese hip-hop">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_hip-hop" title="Palestinian hip-hop">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian hip-hop">Saudi Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_hip-hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian hip-hop">Tunisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_hip-hop" title="Turkish hip-hop">Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_hip-hop" title="Yemeni hip-hop">Yemeni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Category:North_American_hip-hop" title="Category:North American hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">North American</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist inline"><b>United States:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Coast_hip-hop" title="East Coast hip-hop">East Coast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_club" title="Baltimore club">Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Jersey#Hip-hop" title="Music of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_York_City#Hip_hop" title="Music of New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Philadelphia#Hip_hop" title="Music of Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Hip-hop in Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States#Music" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_hip-hop" title="Chicago hip-hop">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Detroit#Hip-hop" title="Music of Detroit">Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Cities_hip-hop" title="Twin Cities hip-hop">Minneapolis/St. Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_hip-hop" title="Milwaukee hip-hop">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Omaha#Hip-hop" title="Music of Omaha">Omaha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_hip-hop" title="Southern hip-hop">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_hip-hop" title="Atlanta hip-hop">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_rap" title="Memphis rap">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami_bass" title="Miami bass">Miami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_hip-hop" title="West Coast hip-hop">West Coast</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_in_the_Pacific_Northwest" title="Hip-hop in the Pacific Northwest">Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaskan_hip-hop" title="Alaskan hip-hop">Alaska</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_hip-hop" title="Asian American hip-hop">Asian American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_hip-hop" title="Latin hip-hop">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_hip-hop" title="Native American hip-hop">Native American</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist inline" style="display:block"><b>Outside the US:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_hip-hop" title="Canadian hip-hop">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_hip-hop" title="Cuban hip-hop">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Hip_hop" title="Music of the Dominican Republic">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_hip-hop" title="Haitian hip-hop">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_hip-hop" title="Mexican hip-hop">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_hip-hop" title="Salvadoran hip-hop">Salvadoran</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Oceanian_hip-hop" title="Category:Oceanian hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Oceanian</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_hip-hop" title="Australian hip-hop">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_hip-hop" title="New Zealand hip-hop">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_hip-hop" title="Samoan hip-hop">Samoan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;;background: darkblue; color: white;"><a href="/wiki/Category:South_American_hip-hop" title="Category:South American hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">South American</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_hip-hop" title="Brazilian hip-hop">Brazilian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia_hip-hop" title="Brasília hip-hop">Brasília</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Chile#Hip_hop_and_rap" title="Music of Chile">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Colombia#Colombian_urban_and_hip-hop_music" title="Music of Colombia">Colombian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: darkblue; color: white;;width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto-Tune" title="Auto-Tune">Auto-Tune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_R%26B" title="Contemporary R&B">Contemporary R&B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">Disc jockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DJ_mixer" title="DJ mixer">DJ mixer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonograph" title="Phonograph">Record player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism">Turntablism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_machine" title="Drum machine">Drum machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_skit" title="Hip-hop skit">Hip-hop skit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_sequencer" title="Music sequencer">Music sequencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampler_(musical_instrument)" title="Sampler (musical instrument)">Sampler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip-hop_and_social_injustice" title="Hip-hop and social injustice">Social injustice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthesizer" title="Synthesizer">Synthesizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_vixen" title="Video vixen">Video vixen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partner_violence_in_hip-hop" title="Partner violence in hip-hop">Partner violence in hip-hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_representation_in_hip-hop" title="LGBTQ representation in hip-hop">LGBTQ representation in hip-hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_activism_in_hip-hop" title="Feminist activism in hip-hop">Feminist activism in hip-hop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: darkblue; color: white;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Hip-hop" title="Category:Hip-hop"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Category</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States_Latin_music_(United_States)310" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Amerisalsa" title="Template:Amerisalsa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Amerisalsa" title="Template talk:Amerisalsa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Amerisalsa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Amerisalsa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States_Latin_music_(United_States)310" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latin_American_music_in_the_United_States" title="Latin American music in the United States">Latin music (United States)</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By decade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prehistory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mambo_(music)" title="Mambo (music)">Mambo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s-</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown-eyed_soul" title="Brown-eyed soul">Brown-eyed soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boogaloo" title="Boogaloo">Boogaloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">Disco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_music" title="Freestyle music">Freestyle</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reggaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_music" title="Salsa music">Salsa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_dura" title="Salsa dura">dura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_rom%C3%A1ntica" title="Salsa romántica">romántica</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New Mexico</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_music" title="New Mexico music">New Mexico music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuyorican_rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuyorican rap">Nuyorican rap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Texas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tejano_music" title="Tejano music">Tejano (Tex-Mex)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_music_in_the_United_States" title="Latin American music in the United States">Article</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Hispanic_American_music" title="Category:Hispanic American music">Category</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_rap" title="Chicano rap">Chicano rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_rock" title="Chicano rock">Chicano rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">Country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_music_(North_America)" title="Western music (North America)">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Latin_music" title="Women in Latin music">Women in Latin music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin hip hop">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_jazz" title="Latin jazz">Jazz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_soul" title="Latin soul">Soul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_rock" title="Latin rock">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_pop" title="Latin pop">Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latino_punk" title="Latino punk">Punk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Music_genres_in_the_Hispanosphere370" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_in_Spanish" title="Template:Music in Spanish"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_in_Spanish" title="Template talk:Music in Spanish"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_in_Spanish" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music in Spanish"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Music_genres_in_the_Hispanosphere370" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Music genres in the <a href="/wiki/Hispanophone" title="Hispanophone">Hispanosphere</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Andean_music" title="Andean music">Andean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bambuco" title="Bambuco">Bambuco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnavalito" title="Carnavalito">Carnavalito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diablada" title="Diablada">Diablada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huayno" title="Huayno">Huayno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morenada" title="Morenada">Morenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saya_(art_form)" title="Saya (art form)">Saya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinku" title="Tinku">Tinku</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Spain" title="Music of Spain">Spaniard folk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_rumba" title="Catalan rumba">Catalan rumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copla_(music)" title="Copla (music)">Copla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fandango" title="Fandango">Fandango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamenco" title="Flamenco">Flamenco</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albore%C3%A1" title="Alboreá">Alboreá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buler%C3%ADas" title="Bulerías">Bulerías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canti%C3%B1as" title="Cantiñas">Cantiñas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamenco_jazz" title="Flamenco jazz">Flamenco jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumba_flamenca" title="Rumba flamenca">Rumba flamenca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeta_(flamenco)" title="Saeta (flamenco)">Saeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sole%C3%A1" title="Soleá">Soleá</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folia" title="Folia">Folia</a></li> <li>Isa (from <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jota_(music)" title="Jota (music)">Jota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malague%C3%B1a_(genre)" title="Malagueña (genre)">Malagueña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasodoble" title="Pasodoble">Pasodoble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajaraste" title="Tajaraste">Tajaraste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarzuela" title="Zarzuela">Zarzuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urbano_music" title="Urbano music">Latin urban</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin hip hop">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_house" title="Latin house">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_en_Espa%C3%B1ol" title="Reggae en Español">Reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_R%26B" title="Latin R&B">R&B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_trap" title="Latin trap">Trap</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Reggaeton13" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reggaeton</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_reggaeton" title="Alternative reggaeton">Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachat%C3%B3n" title="Bachatón">Bachatón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moombahton" title="Moombahton">Moombahton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoperreo" title="Neoperreo">Neoperreo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamanian_reggaet%C3%B3n" title="Panamanian reggaetón">Panamanian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Litoraleña</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamarrita" title="Chamarrita">Chamarrita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guarania_(music)" title="Guarania (music)">Guarania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_polka" title="Paraguayan polka">Paraguayan polka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamam%C3%A9" title="Chamamé">Chamamé</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_criolla" title="Música criolla">Peruvian coastal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Peruvian_music" title="Afro-Peruvian music">Afro-Peruvian music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Festejo" title="Festejo">Festejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land%C3%B3_(music)" title="Landó (music)">Landó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_de_los_Diablos" title="Son de los Diablos">Son de los Diablos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toro_Mata" title="Toro Mata">Toro Mata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinera" title="Marinera">Marinera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tondero" title="Tondero">Tondero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vals_criollo" class="mw-redirect" title="Vals criollo">Vals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamacueca" title="Zamacueca">Zamacueca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin_pop" title="Latin pop">Latin pop</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_ballad" title="Latin ballad">Ballad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropipop" title="Tropipop">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_pop_music" title="Mexican pop music">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_canci%C3%B3n" title="Nueva canción">Nueva canción</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_trova" title="Nueva trova">Nueva trova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regional_styles_of_Mexican_music" title="Regional styles of Mexican music">Regional<br />Mexican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corrido" title="Corrido">Corrido</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corridos_tumbados" title="Corridos tumbados">Corridos tumbados</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conjunto" title="Conjunto">Conjunto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norte%C3%B1o_(music)" title="Norteño (music)">Norteño</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nortec" title="Nortec">Nortec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejano_music" title="Tejano music">Tejano</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupera" title="Grupera">Grupera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duranguense" title="Duranguense">Duranguense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_music" title="Banda music">Banda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariachi" title="Mariachi">Mariachi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jarabe" title="Jarabe">Jarabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranchera" title="Ranchera">Ranchera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trival" class="mw-redirect" title="Trival">Trival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern Cone</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candombe" title="Candombe">Candombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cueca" title="Cueca">Cueca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_cebolla" title="Música cebolla">Música cebolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milonga_(music)" title="Milonga (music)">Milonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murga" title="Murga">Murga</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tango21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em"><a href="/wiki/Tango_music" title="Tango music">Tango</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_tango" title="Argentine tango">Argentine tango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milonga_(music)" title="Milonga (music)">Milonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vals_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vals (music)">Vals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neotango" title="Neotango">Neotango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_tango" title="Nuevo tango">Nuevo tango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_tango" title="Uruguayan tango">Uruguayan tango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandoneon" title="Bandoneon">Bandoneon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orquesta_t%C3%ADpica" title="Orquesta típica">Orquesta típica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rock_en_espa%C3%B1ol" title="Rock en español">Rock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_alternative" title="Latin alternative">Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_rock" title="Argentine rock">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_rock" title="Chicano rock">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_rock" title="Chilean rock">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_rock" title="Colombian rock">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_rock" title="Cuban rock">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_rock" title="Dominican rock">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_rock" title="Ecuadorian rock">Ecuadorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_rock" title="Latin rock">Latin rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_metal" title="Latin metal">Metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Mexico" title="Rock music in Mexico">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_ola" title="Nueva ola">Nueva ola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_rock" title="Peruvian rock">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock music in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Spain" title="Rock music in Spain">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_rock" title="Uruguayan rock">Uruguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_rock" title="Venezuelan rock">Venezuelan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional folk</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chacarera" title="Chacarera">Chacarera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaita_zuliana" title="Gaita zuliana">Gaita zuliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gato_(artform)" title="Gato (artform)">Gato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joropo" title="Joropo">Joropo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_mexicano" title="Son mexicano">Mexican Son</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Son_huasteco" title="Son huasteco">huasteco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_jalisciense" title="Son jalisciense">jalisciense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_jarocho" title="Son jarocho">jarocho</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonada" title="Tonada">Tonada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamacueca" title="Zamacueca">Zamacueca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cueca" title="Cueca">Cueca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinera" title="Marinera">Marinera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamba_(artform)" title="Zamba (artform)">Zamba</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tropical_music" title="Tropical music">Tropical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bachata_(music)" title="Bachata (music)">Bachata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolero" title="Bolero">Bolero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_music" title="Calypso music">Calypso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cha-cha-ch%C3%A1_(music)" title="Cha-cha-chá (music)">Cha-cha-cha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champeta" title="Champeta">Champeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%C3%BC%C3%AD" title="Changüí">Changüí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charanga_(Cuba)" title="Charanga (Cuba)">Charanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conga_(music)" title="Conga (music)">Conga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuarteto" title="Cuarteto">Cuarteto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danz%C3%B3n" title="Danzón">Danzón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guajira_(music)" title="Guajira (music)">Guajira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guaracha" title="Guaracha">Guaracha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mambo_(music)" title="Mambo (music)">Mambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merengue_music" title="Merengue music">Merengue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9ringue" title="Méringue">Méringue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pachanga" title="Pachanga">Pachanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_rumba" title="Cuban rumba">Rumba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guaguanc%C3%B3" title="Guaguancó">Guaguancó</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_music" title="Salsa music">Salsa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_dura" title="Salsa dura">dura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salsa_rom%C3%A1ntica" title="Salsa romántica">romántica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_cubano" title="Son cubano">Son cubano</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Son_montuno" title="Son montuno">montuno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timba" title="Timba">Timba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trova" title="Trova">Trova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallenato" title="Vallenato">Vallenato</a> (<a href="/wiki/Charanga-vallenata" title="Charanga-vallenata">Charanga-vallenata</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cumbia10" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.0em"><a href="/wiki/Cumbia" title="Cumbia">Cumbia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_cumbia" title="Argentine cumbia">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullerengue" title="Bullerengue">Bullerengue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbia_(Colombia)" title="Cumbia (Colombia)">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_cumbia" title="Mexican cumbia">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Chilean_cumbia" title="New Chilean cumbia">New Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbia_(Panama)" title="Cumbia (Panama)">Panamanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_cumbia" title="Peruvian cumbia">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbia_pop" title="Cumbia pop">Pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porro" title="Porro">Porro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbia_rap" title="Cumbia rap">Rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecnocumbia" title="Tecnocumbia">Tecnocumbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbia_villera" title="Cumbia villera">Villera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cachaca_(musical_genre)" title="Cachaca (musical genre)">Cachaca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Afro-Latin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Peruvian_music" title="Afro-Peruvian music">Afro-Peruvian music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomba_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Bomba (Puerto Rico)">Bomba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bomba_(Ecuador)" title="Bomba (Ecuador)">Bomba del Chota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candombe" title="Candombe">Candombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_jazz" title="Latin jazz">Latin jazz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Cuban_jazz" title="Afro-Cuban jazz">Afro-Cuban jazz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapal%C3%A9" title="Mapalé">Mapalé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milonga_(music)" title="Milonga (music)">Milonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambor_(dance)" title="Tambor (dance)">Tambor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_music" title="Tropical music">Tropical music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguinaldo_(music)" title="Aguinaldo (music)">Aguinaldo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canci%C3%B3n_mel%C3%B3dica" title="Canción melódica">Canción melódica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Christian_music" title="Latin Christian music">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contradanza" title="Contradanza">Contradanza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criolla" title="Criolla">Criolla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danza" title="Danza">Danza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9cima" title="Décima">Décima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passacaglia" title="Passacaglia">Pasacalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasillo" title="Pasillo">Pasillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plena" title="Plena">Plena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preg%C3%B3n" title="Pregón">Pregón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punto_guajiro" title="Punto guajiro">Punto guajiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seis" title="Seis">Seis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_opera" title="Spanish opera">Spanish opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_jazz" title="Spanish jazz">Spanish jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villancico" title="Villancico">Villancico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_music" title="Latin music">Latin music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin_music_subgenres" title="List of Latin music subgenres">subgenres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Philippines#Hispanic-influenced_music" title="Music of the Philippines">Hispanic-influenced music in the Philippines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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