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Division of Graduate Studies – Graduate Research at UC Santa Cruz
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href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/events/new-students-orientation/">New Student Orientation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div></nav> </div> </div> </header> <main class="wp-block-group content-region front-page is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <div class="entry-content wp-block-post-content has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-post-content-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-group alignfull ucsc-page-header has-base-font-size is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-cover is-light ucsc-page-header__content" style="padding-top:0;min-height:450px;aspect-ratio:unset;"><span aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim"></span><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1440" height="700" class="wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-1116" alt="Photo of students walking on the UC Santa Cruz campus" src="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2023/12/homepage-alt-1440w.jpg" style="object-position:17% 30%" data-object-fit="cover" data-object-position="17% 30%" srcset="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2023/12/homepage-alt-1440w.jpg 1440w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2023/12/homepage-alt-1440w-300x146.jpg 300w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2023/12/homepage-alt-1440w-1024x498.jpg 1024w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2023/12/homepage-alt-1440w-768x373.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px" /><div class="wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group is-content-justification-left is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-3 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:0;padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:0"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading has-white-color has-ucsc-primary-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-five-font-size wp-elements-1595e3f81b74cf63d3fa38ac959ae413" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)">Welcome, Graduate Students!</h2> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-group alignfull ucsc__interstitial has-black-color has-white-background-color has-text-color has-background has-two-font-size has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)"> <p class="has-text-align-center" style="padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)">UC Santa Cruz offers graduate study in 41 academic fields and 57 concentrations. Many graduate programs have interdisciplinary components, and students are encouraged to explore the conceptual connections between related fields. </p> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-1 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button is-style-ucsc-blue"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="https://www.gradadmissions.ucsc.edu/graduate-studies">Full list of our programs</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-cover alignfull ucsc-grid-with-background" style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);min-height:50px;aspect-ratio:unset;"><span aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-cover__background has-ucsc-primary-yellow-background-color has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim"></span><img decoding="async" width="1440" height="700" class="wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-7925" alt="Bird's eye photo of the ocean" src="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/09/blue-water-1440w.jpg" data-object-fit="cover" srcset="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/09/blue-water-1440w.jpg 1440w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/09/blue-water-1440w-300x146.jpg 300w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/09/blue-water-1440w-1024x498.jpg 1024w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/09/blue-water-1440w-768x373.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px" /><div class="wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group ucsc-grid-with-background__wrapper has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile ucsc-grid-with-background__inner is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column ucsc-grid-with-background__sidebar is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-3 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <div class="wp-block-group has-ucsc-primary-yellow-background-color has-background is-vertical is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px"> <p class="has-text-align-center has-ucsc-primary-blue-color has-text-color" style="margin-top:8px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400">Join us for <a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/events/grad-slam/" data-type="page" data-id="3899"><strong>Grad Slam</strong></a>, <a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/events/graduate-research-symposium/" data-type="page" data-id="3897"><strong>Graduate Research Symposium</strong></a> and other Graduate Division Events.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/events/calendar/"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="498" src="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/07/events-calendar-2-1440w-1024x498.jpg" alt="A thumbnail image for the Graduate Division Events Calendar. It displays the month of October date entries as the image fades towards the bottom." class="wp-image-5872" srcset="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/07/events-calendar-2-1440w-1024x498.jpg 1024w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/07/events-calendar-2-1440w-300x146.jpg 300w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/07/events-calendar-2-1440w-768x373.jpg 768w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/07/events-calendar-2-1440w.jpg 1440w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure> <p style="font-style:normal;font-weight:500"><a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/events/calendar/" data-type="page" data-id="271">Visit the Events Calendar</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="wp-block-column ucsc-grid-with-background__cards is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <div class="wp-block-group ucsc-grid-with-background__row is-content-justification-left is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-13 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-group has-ucsc-header-gradient-gradient-background has-background is-vertical is-content-justification-stretch is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large has-custom-border"><a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/academics/mentoring/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="498" src="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/03/mentoring-flowers-1440w-251dd65f81017f75-1024x498.jpg" alt="The colors red, pink, yellow and green offer a warm view from within a field of flowers (against a blue sky) on the UC Santa Cruz campus" class="has-border-color has-ucsc-primary-blue-border-color wp-image-3592" style="border-width:1px" srcset="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/03/mentoring-flowers-1440w-251dd65f81017f75-1024x498.jpg 1024w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/03/mentoring-flowers-1440w-251dd65f81017f75-300x146.jpg 300w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/03/mentoring-flowers-1440w-251dd65f81017f75-768x373.jpg 768w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/03/mentoring-flowers-1440w-251dd65f81017f75.jpg 1440w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure> <p class="has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e15da85e169e0b9198de0fa31781951c" style="padding-top:8px;padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:8px;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);font-style:normal;font-weight:700"><a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/academics/mentoring/" data-type="page" data-id="170">Mentoring</a></p> </div> <div class="wp-block-group has-ucsc-header-gradient-gradient-background has-background is-vertical is-content-justification-stretch is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/professional-development/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="498" src="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/01/employment-lab-1440w-cfa357d545c362a2-1024x498.jpg" alt="A student in a lab on the UC Santa Cruz campus" class="wp-image-1425" srcset="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/01/employment-lab-1440w-cfa357d545c362a2-1024x498.jpg 1024w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/01/employment-lab-1440w-cfa357d545c362a2-300x146.jpg 300w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/01/employment-lab-1440w-cfa357d545c362a2-768x373.jpg 768w, https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/01/employment-lab-1440w-cfa357d545c362a2.jpg 1440w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure> <p class="has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e076ea69b0391127525b19d081483870" style="padding-top:8px;padding-right:3px;padding-bottom:8px;padding-left:15px;font-style:normal;font-weight:700"><a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/professional-development/" data-type="page" data-id="247">Professional Development</a></p> </div> <div class="wp-block-group has-ucsc-header-gradient-gradient-background has-background is-vertical is-content-justification-stretch is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0"> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/academics/academic-regulations/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="498" src="https://graduate.ucsc.edu/files/2024/03/ucsc-scenic-water-wave-1440w-a7c662714c50fb9f-1024x498.jpg" alt="Photo of a wide view of the ocean with a splash of water heading towards the camera, taken on the UC Santa Cruz campus" class="wp-image-3250" 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