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src="https://www.queryonline.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/gaskin-serial-killer-1024x576.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://www.queryonline.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/gaskin-serial-killer-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://www.queryonline.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/gaskin-serial-killer-300x169.jpg 300w, https://www.queryonline.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/gaskin-serial-killer-768x432.jpg 768w, https://www.queryonline.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/gaskin-serial-killer-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://www.queryonline.it/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/gaskin-serial-killer-2048x1152.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </div> <div class="cm-post-content"> <div class="cm-entry-header-meta"><div class="cm-post-categories"><a href="https://www.queryonline.it/category/i-segreti-dei-serial-killer/" rel="category tag">I segreti dei Serial Killer</a></div></div> <header class="cm-entry-header"> <h1 class="cm-entry-title" itemprop="headline" > La storia di Donald “Pee Wee” Gaskin </h1> </header> <div class="cm-below-entry-meta "><span class="cm-post-date" itemprop="datePublished" ><a href="https://www.queryonline.it/2024/08/28/la-storia-di-donald-pee-wee-gaskin/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2024-08-28T08:08:33+02:00" itemprop="datePublished">28 Agosto 2024</time></a></span><span class="cm-reading-time"> <svg class="cm-icon cm-icon--hourglass" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18 20h-.4v-1.8c0-2-.9-3.8-2.5-5L13.4 12l1.6-1.2c1.6-1.2 2.5-3 2.5-5V4.1h.5c.6 0 1-.4 1-1s-.4-1-1-1H6c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1s.4 1 1 1h.4v1.8c0 2 .9 3.8 2.5 5l1.6 1.2L9 13.2c-1.6 1.2-2.5 3-2.5 5V20H6c-.6 0-1 .4-1 1s.4 1 1 1h12c.6 0 1-.4 1-1s-.4-1-1-1zM8.5 6.1V4h7.1v2.4c-1.1-.5-3.2-1-7.1-.3zM8.4 20v-1.8c0-1.3.6-2.6 1.7-3.4l1.8-1.3 1.8 1.3c1.1.8 1.7 2 1.7 3.4V20h-7z"></path></svg> 15 minuti di lettura </span> <span class="cm-author cm-vcard"> <svg class="cm-icon cm-icon--user" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7 7c0-2.8 2.2-5 5-5s5 2.2 5 5-2.2 5-5 5-5-2.2-5-5zm9 7H8c-2.8 0-5 2.2-5 5v2c0 .6.4 1 1 1h16c.6 0 1-.4 1-1v-2c0-2.8-2.2-5-5-5z"></path></svg> <a class="url fn n" href="https://www.queryonline.it/author/marianna-cuccuru/" title="Marianna Cuccuru" > Marianna Cuccuru </a> </span> </div> <div class="cm-entry-summary" itemprop="articleBody" > <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">di Marianna Cuccuru</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Non di rado i serial killer hanno </span><b>vite apparentemente ordinarie</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, anche se non necessariamente di successo o con un alto riconoscimento sociale. Questo riguarda principalmente seriali organizzati, ma talvolta anche i disorganizzati riescono a trovare una loro nicchia, uno stile di vita a volte ai margini della società, ma sufficientemente nella norma da essere considerati innocui.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Un esempio celebre è quello di</span><b> Ed Gein</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, il “Macellaio di Plainfield” che ha ispirato molti assassini immaginari, ad esempio il personaggio di Norman Bates in Psycho e quello di Leatherface in Non aprite quella porta. Nonostante avesse trafugato molti cadaveri per “arredare” la sua casa con le parti imbalsamate e abbia ucciso almeno tre persone, Gein veniva considerato un uomo non molto intelligente, forse con un ritardo cognitivo, ma in fondo buono, al punto che spesso gli venivano affidati i bambini della cittadina. Inoltre, non aveva avuto un passato associato al mondo criminale al momento dell’arresto.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Altre storie di seriali ci parlano invece di vite disordinate, con una lunga carriera criminale prima di iniziare ad uccidere, costellata da una miriade di reati. Un ottimo esempio è quello di</span><b> Donald Gaskins</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, un feroce serial killer statunitense. Il suo retroscena socioculturale disfunzionale fin dall’infanzia e la sua personalità estremamente tesa al narcisismo maligno, alla megalomania e all’abuso sull’altro lo ha reso tra i più crudeli seriali americani.</span></p> <h3>“Sono nato speciale e fortunato”</h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Donald Henry Gaskins Junior nasce il </span><b>31 marzo del 1933</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> nella Carolina del Sud, in una zona rurale. È figlio di una ragazza madre appena quindicenne, molto problematica, chiamata </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Parrott</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, “Pappagallo”. Gli </span><b>abusi fisici</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> sono per Donald compagni quotidiani; viene picchiato spesso dai diversi compagni della madre, dagli zii e dai nonni.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Ad appena cinque anni, durante una festa, Pee Wee assiste ad una scena che gli procura eccitazione di tipo sessuale: un serpente in una teca che divora un topolino. La violenza è qualcosa che subisce, ma che inizia anche a trovare attraente.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Fin da ragazzino mostra un carattere turbolento e inizia da giovanissimo a commettere piccoli reati che lo portano al riformatorio. Viene da sempre soprannominato “</span><b>Pee Wee</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">” (ma anche “Nanetto” e “Pappagallino”), perché piccolo di statura e molto minuto.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Questa sua caratteristica fisica e l’essere considerato strano come la madre lo hanno reso spesso oggetto di </span><b>prese in giro</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> da parte dei suoi compagni, perciò Donald impara presto a reagire ai soprusi con la violenza.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">I pochi anni che passa a scuola, che lui stesso descrive come una vera e propria tortura, sono caratterizzati da risse quotidiane poiché, a suo parere, subisce continue provocazioni.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Nonostante la sua infanzia e la sua adolescenza siano profondamente segnate da un contesto deviante e disfunzionale, lui dirà di sé in futuro di essere “</span><b>nato fortunato</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">”, affermando che in fondo non ha subito abusi sessuali da bambino e che i maltrattamenti familiari non sono stati così gravi da giustificare la sua condotta criminale.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Durante una detenzione di Gaskins in un riformatorio, la madre si risposa con un uomo che tratterà sempre Donald con estrema brutalità, picchiandolo frequentemente. Anche i quattro fratellastri di Pee Wee, nati durante il matrimonio, vengono picchiati e maltrattati con piacere sadico dal </span><b>patrigno</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, che abusa di loro per divertimento.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Gaskins conosce da sempre solo il </span><b>linguaggio della violenza e della sopraffazione;</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> il patrigno non fa che confermare che fare del male agli altri sia un modo efficace per affermare se stessi. Abbandona prematuramente la scuola e inizia una vita quasi randagia per le campagne della Carolina, unendosi a diverse bande criminali composte da ragazzi giovanissimi.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Le attività principali di queste bande sono le rapine, i furti d’auto e gli abusi. La profonda </span><b>misoginia </b><span style="font-weight: 400;">di Gaskins trova sfogo nella violenza sessuale, arrivando anche a partecipare allo</span><b> stupro di gruppo </b><span style="font-weight: 400;">di una ragazzina tredicenne, sorella di uno dei suoi complici, Marsh.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A seguito di questo crimine, verrà brutalmente picchiato dalla madre e dal patrigno dopo che la giovane ha raccontato in famiglia quanto accaduto, ma non viene punito penalmente.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Quando commette un tentato omicidio a colpi d’ascia durante una rapina, torna nel carcere minorile fino a diciotto anni. Il suo è uno di quei casi in cui la prigione non ha </span><b>nessuna funzione rieducativa</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">: al contrario, Donald passa dall’essere un piccolo criminale violento al diventare una macchina di morte, senza alcun residuo di sentimenti umani. Viene stuprato più volte in cella, la prima volta da un gruppo di detenuti. In seguito, diventa un vero e proprio schiavo sessuale di un detenuto più grande e viene violentato altre volte. La sua rabbia nei confronti del genere umano non fa che crescere. [1]</span></p> <h3>Un criminale incallito</h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dopo il rilascio nel 1951 Pee Wee cerca un lavoro, ma non riesce a condurre una vita normale, non lo ha mai fatto. Viene assunto in una</span><b> piantagione di tabacco</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> come bracciante, ma ben presto inizia a rubare parte del raccolto per rivenderlo, in seguito incendia parti della piantagione per occultare i furti e, probabilmente, perché prova piacere nell’appiccare il fuoco, come molti altri serial killer in erba. Arriva ben presto una nuova condanna per </span><b>incendio doloso</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">. A questa si aggiunge un tentato omicidio ai danni di una donna, da lui aggredita con un martello nel 1952.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Ormai maggiorenne, viene condannato, patteggiando, a cinque anni di carcere. Al momento della sentenza, poiché aveva sperato in una condanna inferiore come promesso dal suo avvocato, inveisce contro il giudice, che gli infligge un’ulteriore condanna per oltraggio.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In carcere è nuovamente vittima di abusi sessuali. In questo caso però Donald reagisce con ferocia e uccide uno dei suoi stupratori tagliandogli la gola. Viene condannato per omicidio colposo a nove anni di detenzione.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dopo una breve evasione nel 1955, viene rilasciato sulla parola nel 1961. Nella città di Florence, nella Carolina del Sud, prosegue la sua già lunga scia di reati: molesta una ragazzina dodicenne e torna in carcere fino al 1968.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A questo punto, l’odio per le donne e il desiderio di mettere in atto violenze più pesanti si fa sempre più presente; le fantasie di stupro e omicidio sono quotidiane, pressanti. Parlando della sua misoginia, in seguito affermerà che il genere femminile gli fa provare dolore fisico, che lui descrive come “</span><b>una sfera di piombo fuso</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">” nelle viscere. Pensa che le donne siano esseri crudeli e che sfruttino il desiderio degli uomini per ottenere da loro tutto ciò che vogliono. Nonostante questi sentimenti, riesce a sposare una ragazza, da cui ha una figlia. Gaskins fa delle promesse da marinaio alla donna, dicendole che righerà dritto, ma il matrimonio ha vita breve.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">La sua prima vittima femminile risale probabilmente al 1968, una ragazza a cui offre un passaggio in auto, che Gaskins violenta e mutila. Il cadavere della donna viene ritrovato nella città di Georgetown, sempre nella Carolina del Sud. [2]</span></p> <h3>L’inizio di una strage</h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Il primo delitto è sempre un punto cruciale per un serial killer. Per Gaskins, uccidere è una faccenda del tutto diversa rispetto alle rapine, agli incendi e persino agli stupri: è come se trovasse la sua </span><b>vera vocazione</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, il senso della sua vita. È la più grande forma di potere che si possa avere su un altro essere umano, decidere della sua vita o della sua morte. In realtà, per Pee Wee è semplicemente un modo per </span><b>mettere a tacere i demoni interiori</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> almeno per un po’, soffocandoli con un’illusione di onnipotenza. Le fantasie della cosiddetta fase aurorale e la sensazione di “piombo fuso” nelle viscere sono sempre più soverchianti; il delitto sembra dare un senso di temporaneo sollievo. Pee Wee lo descrive così:</span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Dopo circa sei settimane che avevo ucciso quella prima ragazza, il senso di oppressione è tornato prepotente, così mi sono messo a cercare un’altra vittima. Una volta trovata, le cose sono state molto più semplici perché ora tutte le azioni che dovevo compiere erano chiare nella mia testa.” [3]</span></p></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Il 1970 è definito da Gaskins il suo primo anno “pieno di omicidi” ed è in questo periodo che mette a punto il suo metodo di caccia classico, ovvero offrire un passaggio a una delle tante ragazze sole che fanno </span><b>autostop</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, portarla in un luogo isolato minacciandola con una pistola, violentarla e ucciderla con una grande varietà di metodi, dall’arma bianca all’annegamento, ma evita di usare l’arma da fuoco per non macchiare l’automobile. Anche qualche ragazzo viene rapito e ucciso brutalmente. In seguito, Pee Wee appesantisce i corpi e li elimina gettandoli in un fiume, oppure li seppellisce grossolanamente. Se ha usato manette per immobilizzare la vittima, si premura ogni volta di sostituirle con corde prima di abbandonare il cadavere, per “evitare sprechi ogni volta.” Per Gaskins è importante </span><b>passare molto tempo con le vittime vive</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, è un sadico e trae piacere dal vedere le ragazze urlanti e terrorizzate.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Questi omicidi vengono chiamati da Gaskins gli “</span><b>omicidi costieri</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">” o “omicidi delle autostoppiste”, che distingue da quelli che definisce gli </span><b>“omicidi gravi</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">”, ovvero quelli ai danni di persone che conosce direttamente. Un grande punto di domanda riguarda il preciso numero delle vittime di Donald. A suo dire, verso la fine del 1970 era arrivato circa a una decina.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">I primi “omicidi gravi” accertati hanno come vittime la </span><b>nipote quindicenne</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> di Gaskins, Janice, figlia di una delle sue sorellastre, e la sua migliore amica Patricia Ann Alsbrook, di diciassette anni.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Una sera, le due ragazze incontrano Donald al </span><b>drive-in</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> e gli chiedono un passaggio a casa, perché Janice ha bevuto troppo e non sta bene. L’uomo approfitta della situazione, le porta a casa sua, le violenta e le uccide entrambe. Alla sorella e agli inquirenti che indagano sulla scomparsa delle due giovani racconta di un loro allontanamento volontario con alcuni coetanei e nessuno mette in dubbio questa versione.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In seguito, viene diverse volte sospettato di alcune scomparse di giovani donne, ma riesce ad ingannare la polizia e supera indenne diversi</span><b> test del poligrafo</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Donald diventa un </span><b>seriale parzialmente organizzato</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, con grande abilità nel nascondere i suoi delitti e apparire come un uomo buono, innocuo. La sua vita familiare è piuttosto turbolenta, dato che colleziona ben sei matrimoni, ottenendo formale divorzio solamente dalla prima moglie.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">I sospetti su di lui, tuttavia, non spariscono mai del tutto. Alcune persone del suo giro di conoscenze scompaiono senza lasciare traccia e lui è sempre nei dintorni quando succede.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Viene arrestato nel 1975, dopo anni di delitti sia “costieri” che “gravi”, a sfondo sessuale o con altri moventi. In particolare, intensifica molto i delitti “gravi”: quando scompare </span><b>Kim Ghelkins</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, una ragazzina che ha lavorato per lui come baby sitter, il primo sospettato è fin troppo ovvio.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Inoltre, confida alcuni dettagli dei suoi crimini a un amico, </span><b>Walter Neely</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, che decide di denunciarlo. Neely era stato in passato complice di Gaskins per alcuni delitti, ma di recente ha ritrovato la fede religiosa, motivo per cui denuncia l’amico e rivela l’ubicazione di diversi corpi delle sue vittime alla polizia.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Durante il primo processo, Gaskins viene condannato alla sedia elettrica per un solo delitto, pena in seguito commutata in </span><b>carcere a vita</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">. La vittima è un parente di Neely, Dennis Bellamy. Anche Neely viene condannato per il medesimo delitto e prende l’ergastolo.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Pee Wee nel periodo prima della commutazione della pena cerca di collaborare con gli inquirenti, conducendoli al ritrovamento dei corpi di </span><b>sette vittime</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">. La salvezza però arriva da una banale ragione burocratica, una temporanea sospensione della pena di morte nello stato della Carolina del Sud.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In seguito alla reintroduzione della pena capitale nel 1978, Pee Wee farà ritrovare altre vittime in cambio della promessa di avere l’ergastolo, anche senza possibilità di libertà vigilata. L’uomo racconta di aver commesso</span><b> tra i 90 e i 110 omicidi</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">, ma è impossibile stabilire una cifra realistica, anche perché nemmeno lui ricorda con precisione tutti i suoi delitti. [4]</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Donald ha scampato la pena di morte una volta, ma la sua natura non è cambiata: in prigione uccide su commissione un altro detenuto con dell’esplosivo e stavolta non può evitare il patibolo, il 6 settembre 1991. I figli lo vanno a trovare fino a pochi giorni prima dell’esecuzione della sentenza. </span></p> <h3>Autobiografia di un uomo spietato</h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Tra maggio 1990 e agosto 1991, nel braccio della morte, registra una serie di interviste con lo scrittore </span><b>Wilton Earle</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Da queste viene trascritta, col titolo di </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Final truth</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, una vera e propria autobiografia di un seriale di rara ferocia, che costituisce un documento prezioso per capire il suo funzionamento, sebbene non siano colloqui clinici, ma un libero sfogo personale. Non è raro che un seriale si racconti durante la detenzione, lo hanno fatto in tanti, da Leonarda Cianciulli a Jack Unterweger, ma i racconti di Pee Wee presentano alcune peculiarità: l’uomo ormai non cerca più di discolparsi o di attenuare le sue responsabilità, si limita a raccontare la sua versione dei fatti.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Non può essere considerato un resoconto del tutto attendibile e verificato, ha delle punte istrioniche e deliranti, ma è sicuramente un documento interessante, che offre </span><b>uno spiraglio su una mente complessa da decifrare</b><span style="font-weight: 400;">. Un suo rimpianto è il fatto di non essere diventato un serial killer celebre e temuto, come altri suoi “colleghi”, si pensi a Ted Bundy o a BTK. [5]</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">I criminologi Mastronardi e De Luca propongono alcune motivazioni per spiegare la </span><b>scarsa fama di Pee Wee</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> nonostante la sua ferocia: l’epoca dell’arresto di Gaskins non è ancora quella dei seriali in prima pagina, “pubblicizzati” in modo massiccio, cosa che avverrà solo verso gli anni ’80. Inoltre, l’area geografica della Carolina, rurale e depressa, non aiuta a rendere celebri i delitti come avviene in città come New York o Los Angeles. Infine, la mancanza di </span><b>una caccia all’uomo</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> in grande stile o il fatto che non ci fossero città che vivessero nel terrore in attesa della cattura del “mostro” non ha creato alte aspettative in merito, come è stato ad esempio per il Figlio di Sam a New York. Anche la mancanza di fascino di Gaskins e le indagini lacunose della polizia possono aver contribuito a non farlo entrare nella leggenda, cosa di cui Pee Wee si è sempre rammaricato. Per tanti seriali, infatti, il momento dell’arresto ha un lato positivo: è un ottimo momento per costruire la propria mitologia e diventare un esempio di rara crudeltà.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Alcune frasi dell’autobiografia di Gaskins sono particolarmente interessanti, come quando descrive il suo primo omicidio, in carcere, ai danni di uno dei suoi stupratori:</span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Decisi che se non potevo scappare, dovevo almeno tentare di diventare Potente. L’unico modo per riuscirci era uccidere qualcuno […] di importante e potente. […] Ora ero un assassino, non si scherzava più con me.”</span></p></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dopo il suo primo delitto ai danni di un’autostoppista, Pee Wee descrive con parole molto eloquenti il sollievo provato:</span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Mi sentivo così meravigliosamente bene […] Qualunque senso di oppressione che normalmente mi avvolgeva era scomparso mentre uccidevo, stupravo e torturavo quella ragazza. E, da quel momento in poi, quando la sofferenza tornava ad avvolgermi, sapevo cosa fare per ricacciarla indietro.”</span></p></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Quello che De Luca definisce </span><b>percorso di violentizzazione</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> era già iniziato con le rapine, i furti e gli stupri. Gaskins era ormai abituato a vivere come un delinquente, a ricorrere alla forza in ogni circostanza e ad essere considerato dalla legge e dalla comunità un criminale (processo di Etichettamento, secondo De Luca). Il delitto è stato per lui un salto di qualità, un’epifania vera e propria. [6]</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Per quanto Gaskins non ritenga direttamente imputabile la sua triste infanzia della sua condotta criminale, è innegabile che non aver mai conosciuto </span><b>un affetto sano e autentico</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> lo abbia reso vulnerabile all’antisocialità e che sia cresciuto del tutto privo di strumenti di relazione che non comportassero un rapporto di potere e di abuso. Il delitto e la sua finale autobiografia sono stati per lui un modo per riappropriarsi di se stesso, senza crollare in pezzi.[7]</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Nei passaggi più deliranti delle sue interviste, afferma:</span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Nessuno può toccarmi sul serio. Io ho camminato sullo stesso sentiero di Dio. Prendendo altre vite umane e terrorizzando le mie vittime, sono diventato uguale a Dio. Uccidendo, sono diventato padrone di me stesso. Attraverso l’esercizio del mio potere, sono arrivato alla mia redenzione. […] Quando loro mi uccideranno, io morirò ricordando la Libertà e il Piacere ottenuti nella Mia Vita.”</span></p></blockquote> <p><b>Note</b></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">[1] M. Newton, </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dizionario dei serial killer</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, Newton e Compton, Roma 2005, pp. 105-108.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">[2] </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Ibidem</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">[3] V. Mastronardi, R. De Luca, </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">I serial killer</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, Newton e Compton, Roma 2006, pp. 272-281.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">[4] M. Newton, </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dizionario dei serial killer</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, Newton e Compton, Roma 2005, pp. 105-108.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">[5] B. Innes, </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Serial killer</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, White Star, Novara 2006.</span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">[6] R. De Luca, </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Serial killer</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">, Newton Compton, Roma 2021, pp. 54-63. </span></li> <li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">[7] A. Quadrio, D. 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