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Early Propagation and Imbalanced Routing, How to Diminish in FPGAs
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Early propagation and imbalanced routings are amongst the well-known issues of such countermeasures, that - if not considered during the design process - can cause the underlying cryptographic device to be vulnerable to certain attacks. Although most of the DPA-resistant logic styles target an ASIC design process, there are a few attempts to apply them in an FPGA platform. This is due to the missing freedom in FPGA design tools required to deal with the aforementioned problems. Our contribution in this work is to provide solutions for both early propagation and imbalanced routings considering a modern Xilinx FPGA as the target platform. Foremost, based on the WDDL concept we design a new FPGA-based logic style without early propagation in both precharge and evaluation phases. Additionally, with respect to the limited routing resources within an FPGA we develop a customized router to nd the best appropriate dual-rail routes for a given dual-rail circuit. Based on practical experiments on a Virtex-5 FPGA our evaluations verify the efficiency of each of our proposed approaches. They significantly improve the resistance of the design compared to cases not benefiting from our schemes." /> <meta property="article:section" content="IMPLEMENTATION" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2016-04-04T07:37:13+00:00" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2014-06-15T03:57:07+00:00" /> <meta property="article:tag" content="side-channel analysis" /> <meta property="article:tag" content="DPA countermeasure" /> <meta property="article:tag" content="dual-rail precharge logic" /> <meta property="article:tag" content="WDDL" /> <meta property="article:tag" content="FPGA" /> </head> <body> <noscript> <h1 class="text-center">What a lovely hat</h1> <h4 class="text-center">Is it made out of <a href="https://iacr.org/tinfoil.html">tin foil</a>?</h4> </noscript> <div class="fixed-top" id="topNavbar"> <nav class="navbar navbar-custom navbar-expand-lg"> <div class="container px-0 justify-content-between justify-content-lg-evenly"> <div class="order-0 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</div> <div class="dropdown ps-md-2 text-right order-2 order-lg-last"> <button class="btn btnNoOutline" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton1" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false"> <img src="/img/search.svg" class="searchIcon" alt="Search Button"/> </button> <div id="searchDd" class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-end p-0" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton1"> <form action="/search" method="GET"> <div class="input-group"> <input id="searchbox" name="q" type="search" class="form-control" autocomplete="off"> <button class="btn btn-secondary border input-group-append ml-2"> Search </button> </div> </form> <div class="ms-2 p-1 d-none"><a href="/search">Advanced search</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <main id="eprintContent" class="container px-3 py-4 p-md-4"> <div class="row mt-4"> <div class="col-md-7 col-lg-8 pe-md-5"> <h4>Paper 2014/454</h4> <h3 class="mb-3">Early Propagation and Imbalanced Routing, How to Diminish in FPGAs</h3> <p class="fst-italic mb-3"> Amir Moradi and Vincent Immler </p> <h5 class="mt-3">Abstract</h5> <p style="white-space: pre-wrap;">This work deals with DPA-resistant logic styles, i.e., cell-level countermeasures against power analysis attacks that are known as a serious threat to cryptographic devices. Early propagation and imbalanced routings are amongst the well-known issues of such countermeasures, that - if not considered during the design process - can cause the underlying cryptographic device to be vulnerable to certain attacks. Although most of the DPA-resistant logic styles target an ASIC design process, there are a few attempts to apply them in an FPGA platform. This is due to the missing freedom in FPGA design tools required to deal with the aforementioned problems. Our contribution in this work is to provide solutions for both early propagation and imbalanced routings considering a modern Xilinx FPGA as the target platform. Foremost, based on the WDDL concept we design a new FPGA-based logic style without early propagation in both precharge and evaluation phases. Additionally, with respect to the limited routing resources within an FPGA we develop a customized router to nd the best appropriate dual-rail routes for a given dual-rail circuit. Based on practical experiments on a Virtex-5 FPGA our evaluations verify the efficiency of each of our proposed approaches. They significantly improve the resistance of the design compared to cases not benefiting from our schemes.</p> </div> <div id="metadata" class="col-md-5 col-lg-4 ps-md-5 mt-4 mt-md-0"> <h5>Metadata</h5> <dl> <dt> Available format(s) </dt> <dd> <a class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-dark" href="/2014/454.pdf"> <img class="icon" src="/img/file-pdf.svg">PDF</a> </dd> <dt>Category</dt> <dd><a href="/search?category=IMPLEMENTATION"><small class="badge category category-IMPLEMENTATION">Implementation</small></a></dd> <dt>Publication info</dt> <dd>Published by the IACR in CHES 2014</dd> <dt>Keywords</dt> <dd class="keywords"><a href="/search?q=side-channel%20analysis" class="me-2 badge bg-secondary keyword">side-channel analysis</a><a href="/search?q=DPA%20countermeasure" class="me-2 badge bg-secondary keyword">DPA countermeasure</a><a href="/search?q=dual-rail%20precharge%20logic" class="me-2 badge bg-secondary keyword">dual-rail precharge logic</a><a href="/search?q=WDDL" class="me-2 badge bg-secondary keyword">WDDL</a><a href="/search?q=FPGA" class="me-2 badge bg-secondary keyword">FPGA</a></dd> <dt>Contact author(s)</dt> <dd><span class="font-monospace"> amir moradi<span class="obfuscate"> @ </span>rub de </span> </dd> <dt>History</dt> <dd>2016-04-04: revised</dd> <dd>2014-06-15: received</dd> <dd><a rel="nofollow" href="/archive/versions/2014/454">See all versions</a></dd> <dt>Short URL</dt> <dd><a href="https://ia.cr/2014/454">https://ia.cr/2014/454</a></dd> <dt>License</dt> <dd><a rel="license" target="_blank" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"> <img class="licenseImg" src="/img/license/CC_BY.svg" alt="Creative Commons Attribution" title="Creative Commons Attribution"><br> <small>CC BY</small> </a> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> <p class="mt-4"><strong>BibTeX</strong> <button id="bibcopy" class="ms-2 btn btn-sm btn-outline-dark" aria-label="Copy to clipboard" onclick="copyBibtex()"> <img src="/img/copy-outline.svg" class="icon">Copy to clipboard</button></p> <pre id="bibtex"> @misc{cryptoeprint:2014/454, author = {Amir Moradi and Vincent Immler}, title = {Early Propagation and Imbalanced Routing, How to Diminish in {FPGAs}}, howpublished = {Cryptology {ePrint} Archive, Paper 2014/454}, year = {2014}, url = {https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/454} } </pre> <script> var bibcopy; function triggerTooltip() { console.log('setting tooltip'); } window.onload = triggerTooltip; function copyBibtex() { let range = document.createRange(); range.selectNode(document.getElementById('bibtex')); window.getSelection().removeAllRanges(); window.getSelection().addRange(range); document.execCommand('copy'); window.getSelection().removeAllRanges(); let bibcopy = document.getElementById('bibcopy'); let copyTooltip = new bootstrap.Tooltip(bibcopy, {trigger: 'manual', title: 'Copied!'}); copyTooltip.show(); setTimeout(function() { copyTooltip.dispose(); }, 2000); } </script> </main> <div class="container-fluid mt-auto" id="eprintFooter"> <a href="https://iacr.org/"> <img id="iacrlogo" src="/img/iacrlogo_small.png" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" alt="IACR Logo"> </a> <div class="colorDiv"></div> <div class="alert alert-success w-75 mx-auto"> Note: In order to protect the privacy of readers, eprint.iacr.org does not use cookies or embedded third party content. </div> </div> <script src="/css/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script> var topNavbar = document.getElementById('topNavbar'); if (topNavbar) { document.addEventListener('scroll', function(e) { if (window.scrollY > 100) { topNavbar.classList.add('scrolled'); } else { topNavbar.classList.remove('scrolled'); } }) } </script> </body> </html>