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pentoxide</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: vanadium pentoxide"> <meta name="keywords" content="vanadium pentoxide"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="vanadium pentoxide"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 66</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: vanadium pentoxide</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> The Effect of Vanadium Addition on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of A319 Aluminum Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musbah%20Mahfoud">Musbah Mahfoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibtisam%20Mustafa"> Ibtisam Mustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work highlights some of our up-to-date findings on the effect of vanadium addition on the mechanical properties and microstructure of one of the most versatile aluminum-silicon alloys, i.e., A319. In terms of microstructure, it was found that in addition to its ability to refine some of the constituent phases, vanadium also helps in retarding the formation of some of the detrimental intermetallic compounds, such as those involving Al-Fe-Si. Preliminary studies of the effect of vanadium on the mechanical properties of A319 have shown that vanadium additions up to 0.4% cause slight increase in the yield and tensile strength. However, the vanadium addition did not show a significant effect on the hardness of the alloy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium" title="aluminium">aluminium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intermetallic" title=" intermetallic"> intermetallic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7027/the-effect-of-vanadium-addition-on-the-mechanical-properties-and-microstructure-of-a319-aluminum-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">633</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Magnetic Activated Carbon: Preparation, Characterization, and Application for Vanadium Removal </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakimeh%20Sharififard">Hakimeh Sharififard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansooreh%20Soleimani"> Mansooreh Soleimani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, the magnetic activated carbon nanocomposite (Fe-CAC) has been synthesized by anchorage iron hydr(oxide) nanoparticles onto commercial activated carbon (CAC) surface and characterized using BET, XRF, SEM techniques. The influence of various removal parameters such as pH, contact time and initial concentration of vanadium on vanadium removal was evaluated using CAC and Fe-CAC in batch method. The sorption isotherms were studied using Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm models. These equilibrium data were well described by the Freundlich model. Results showed that CAC had the vanadium adsorption capacity of 37.87 mg/g, while the Fe-AC was able to adsorb 119.01 mg/g of vanadium. Kinetic data was found to confirm pseudo-second-order kinetic model for both adsorbents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20activated%20carbon" title="magnetic activated carbon">magnetic activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remove" title=" remove"> remove</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freundlich" title=" freundlich "> freundlich </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23874/magnetic-activated-carbon-preparation-characterization-and-application-for-vanadium-removal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Removal of Vanadium from Industrial Effluents by Natural Ion Exchanger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shashikant%20R.%20Kuchekar">Shashikant R. Kuchekar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haribhau%20R.%20Aher"> Haribhau R. Aher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priti%20M.%20Dhage"> Priti M. Dhage</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The removal vanadium from aqueous solution using natural exchanger was investigated. The effects of pH, contact time and exchanger dose were studied at ambient temperature (25 <sup>0</sup>C ± 2 <sup>0</sup>C). The equilibrium process was described by the Langmuir isotherm model with adsorption capacity for vanadium. The natural exchanger i.e. tamarindus seeds powder was treated with formaldehyde and sulpuric acid to increase the adsorptivity of metals. The maximum exchange level was attained as 80.1% at pH 3 with exchanger dose 5 g and contact time 60 min. Method is applied for removal of vanadium from industrial effluents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20effluent" title="industrial effluent">industrial effluent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20ion%20exchange" title=" natural ion exchange"> natural ion exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamarindous%20indica" title=" Tamarindous indica"> Tamarindous indica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68740/removal-of-vanadium-from-industrial-effluents-by-natural-ion-exchanger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Adsorptive Performance of Surface Modified Montmorillonite in Vanadium Removal from Real Mine Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Opeyemi%20Atiba-Oyewo">Opeyemi Atiba-Oyewo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taile%20Y.%20Leswfi"> Taile Y. Leswfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maurice%20S.%20Onyango"> Maurice S. Onyango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian%20Wolkersdorfer"> Christian Wolkersdorfer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the preparation of surface modified montmorillonite using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br) for the removal of vanadium from mine water. The adsorbent before and after adsorption was characterised by Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the amount of vanadium adsorbed was determined by ICP-OES. The batch adsorption method was employed using vanadium concentrations in solution ranging from 50 to 320 mg/L and vanadium tailings seepage water from a South African mine. Also, solution pH, temperature and sorbent mass were varied. Results show that the adsorption capacity was affected by solution pH, temperature, sorbent mass and the initial concentration. Electrical conductivity of the mine water before and after adsorption was measured to estimate the total dissolved solids in the mine water. Equilibrium isotherm results revealed that vanadium sorption follows the Freundlich isotherm, indicating that the surface of the sorbent was heterogeneous. The pseudo-second order kinetic model gave the best fit to the kinetic experimental data compared to the first order and Elovich models. The results of this study may be used to predict the uptake efficiency of South Africa montmorillonite in view of its application for the removal of vanadium from mine water. However, the choice of this adsorbent for the uptake of vanadium or other contaminants will depend on the composition of the effluent to be treated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20montmorillonite" title=" modified montmorillonite"> modified montmorillonite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title=" equilibrium"> equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics" title=" kinetics"> kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mine%20water" title=" mine water"> mine water</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38212/adsorptive-performance-of-surface-modified-montmorillonite-in-vanadium-removal-from-real-mine-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Investigation of NiO/V₂O₅ Powder Composite as Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katia%20Ayouz-Chebout">Katia Ayouz-Chebout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Boudeffar"> Fatima Boudeffar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Ayat"> Maha Ayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malika%20Berouaken"> Malika Berouaken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chafiaa%20Yaddaden"> Chafiaa Yaddaden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saloua%20Merazga"> Saloua Merazga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouredine%20Gabouze"> Nouredine Gabouze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transition metal oxide composites have been widely reported in energy storage and conversion systems. In this regard, an attempt has been made to synthesize NiO@V₂O₅ nanocomposite. The structures and morphology of synthesized powder are investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR). The electrochemical properties and performances as cathode electrodes based on active material NiO@V₂O₅ were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), between potential bias [0.01V to 3V], with scanning speed of 0,1mVs⁻¹, the galvanostatic charge/discharge (CDG) for 100 cycles was also measured. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20nanobelts" title="composite nanobelts">composite nanobelts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20pentoxide" title=" vanadium pentoxide"> vanadium pentoxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel%20oxide" title=" nickel oxide"> nickel oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-ion%20batteries" title=" Li-ion batteries"> Li-ion batteries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192131/investigation-of-niov2o5-powder-composite-as-cathode-material-for-lithium-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192131.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Hot Corrosion Susceptibility of Uncoated Boiler Tubes during High Vanadium Containing Fuel Oil Operation in Boiler Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicole%20Laws">Nicole Laws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20L.%20Roberts"> William L. Roberts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saumitra%20Saxena"> Saumitra Saxena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishnamurthy%20Anand"> Krishnamurthy Anand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sreenivasa%20Gubba"> Sreenivasa Gubba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziad%20Dawood"> Ziad Dawood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiping%20Chen"> Aiping Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Boiler-fired power plants that operate steam turbines in Saudi Arabia use vanadium-containing fuel oil. In a super- or sub-critical steam cycle, the skin temperature of boiler tube metal can reach close to 600-1000°C depending on the location of the tubes. At high temperatures, corrosion by the sodium-vanadium-oxygen-sulfur eutectic can become a significant risk. The experimental work utilized a state-of-the-art high-temperature, high-pressure burner rig at KAUST, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. To establish corrosion rates of different boiler tubes and materials, SA 213 T12, SA 213 T22, SA 213 T91, and Inconel 600, were used under various corrosive media, including vanadium to sulfur levels and vanadium to sodium ratios. The results obtained from the experiments establish a corrosion rate map for the materials involved and layout an empirical framework to rank the life of boiler tube materials under different operating conditions. Safe windows of operation are proposed for burning liquid fuels under varying vanadium, sodium, and sulfur levels before corrosion rates become a matter of significance under high-temperature conditions <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boiler%20tube%20life" title="boiler tube life">boiler tube life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20corrosion" title=" hot corrosion"> hot corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20boilers" title=" steam boilers"> steam boilers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20in%20fuel%20oil" title=" vanadium in fuel oil"> vanadium in fuel oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137446/hot-corrosion-susceptibility-of-uncoated-boiler-tubes-during-high-vanadium-containing-fuel-oil-operation-in-boiler-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> DFT Study of Half Sandwich of Vanadium (IV) Cyclopentadienyl Complexes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20El-Tohami%20Ashoor">Salem El-Tohami Ashoor </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A novel new vanadium (IV) complexes incorporating the chelating diamido cyclopentadienyl {ArN(CH2)3NAr)}2-((ηn-Cp)Cp)} (Ar = 2,6-Pri2C6H3)(Cp = C5H5 and n = 1,2,3,4 and 5) have been studied with calculation of the properties of species involved in various of cyclopentadienyl reaction. These were carried out under investigation of density functional theory (DFT) calculation, and comparing together. Other methods, explicitly including electron correlation, are necessary for more accurate calculations; MB3LYP (Becke) (Lee–Yang–Parr) level of theory often being used to obtain more exact results. These complexes were estimated of electronic energy for molecular system, because it accounts for all electron correlation interactions. The optimised of [V(ArN(CH2)3NAr)2Cl(η5-Cp)] (Ar = 2,6-Pri2C6H3 and Cp= C5H5) was found to be thermally more stable than others of vanadium cyclopentadienyl. In the meantime the complex [V(ArN(CH2)3NAr)2Cl(η1-Cp)] (Ar = 2,6-Pri2C6H3 and Cp= C5H5) which is showed a low thermal stability in case of the just one carbon of cyclopentadienyl can be insertion with vanadium metal centre. By using Dewar-Chatt-Duncanson model, as a basis of the molecular orbital (MO) analysis and showed the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest occupied molecular orbital LUMO. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20%28IV%29%20cyclopentadienyl%20complexes" title="vanadium (IV) cyclopentadienyl complexes">vanadium (IV) cyclopentadienyl complexes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title=" DFT"> DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MO" title=" MO"> MO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HOMO" title=" HOMO"> HOMO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LUMO" title=" LUMO"> LUMO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11048/dft-study-of-half-sandwich-of-vanadium-iv-cyclopentadienyl-complexes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> Chemical Stability and Characterization of Ion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Hwa%20Lim">Min-Hwa Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi-Jeong%20Park"> Mi-Jeong Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ho-Young%20Jung"> Ho-Young Jung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Imidazolium-brominated polyphenylene oxide (Im-bPPO) is based on the functionalization of bromomethylated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (BPPO) using 1-Methylimdazole. For the purpose of long cycle life of vanadium redox battery (VRB), the chemical stability of Im-bPPO, sPPO (sulfonated 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) and Fumatech membranes were evaluated firstly in the 0.1M vanadium (V) solution dissolved in 3M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for 72h, and UV analyses of the degradation products proved that ether bond in PPO backbone was vulnerable to be attacked by vanadium (V) ion. It was found that the membranes had slightly weight loss after soaking in 2 ml distilled water included in STS pressure vessel for 1 day at 200◦C. ATR-FT-IR data indicated before and after the degradation of the membranes. Further evaluation on the degradation mechanism of the menbranes were carried out in Fenton’s reagent solution for 72 h at 50 ◦C and analyses of the membranes before and after degradation confirmed the weight loss of the membranes. The Fumatech membranes exhibited better performance than AEM and CEM, but Nafion 212 still suffers chemical degradation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20redox%20flow%20battery" title="vanadium redox flow battery">vanadium redox flow battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20exchange%20membrane" title=" ion exchange membrane"> ion exchange membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeability" title=" permeability"> permeability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degradation" title=" degradation"> degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20stability" title=" chemical stability"> chemical stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44968/chemical-stability-and-characterization-of-ion-exchange-membranes-for-vanadium-redox-flow-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Activated Carbons Prepared from Date Pits for Hydrogen Storage </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Belhachemi">M. Belhachemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Monteiro%20de%20Castro"> M. Monteiro de Castro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Casco"> M. Casco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sep%C3%BAlveda-Escribano"> A. Sepúlveda-Escribano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Rodr%C3%ADguez-Reinoso"> F. Rodríguez-Reinoso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, activated carbons were prepared from Algerian date pits using thermal activation with CO2 or steam. The prepared activated carbons were doped by vanadium oxide in order to increase the H2 adsorption capacity. The adsorbents were characterized by N2 and CO2 adsorption at 77 K and 273K, respectively. The hydrogen adsorption experiments were carried at 298K in the 0–100 bar pressure range using a volumetric equipment. The results show that the H2 adsorption capacity is influenced by the size and volume of micropores in the activated carbon adsorbent. Furthermore, vanadium doping of activated carbons has a slight positive effect on H2 storage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20storage" title="hydrogen storage">hydrogen storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title=" activated carbon"> activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20doping" title=" vanadium doping"> vanadium doping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20659/activated-carbons-prepared-from-date-pits-for-hydrogen-storage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">570</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Packaging Improvement for Unit Cell Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (V-RFB)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20C.%20Khor">A. C. Khor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Mohamed"> M. R. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Sulaiman"> M. H. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Daud"> M. R. Daud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Packaging for vanadium redox flow battery is one of the key elements for successful implementation of flow battery in the electrical energy storage system. Usually the bulky battery size and low energy densities make this technology not available for mobility application. Therefore RFB with improved packaging size and energy capacity are highly desirable. This paper focuses on the study of packaging improvement for unit cell V-RFB to the application on Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Two different designs of 25 cm2 and 100 cm2 unit cell V-RFB at same current density are used for the sample in this investigation. Further suggestions on packaging improvement are highlighted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle" title="electric vehicle">electric vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redox%20flow%20battery" title=" redox flow battery"> redox flow battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packaging" title=" packaging"> packaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10696/packaging-improvement-for-unit-cell-vanadium-redox-flow-battery-v-rfb" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Dimensionally Stable Anode as a Bipolar Plate for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaejin%20Han">Jaejin Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinsub%20Choi"> Jinsub Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is a type of redox flow battery which uses vanadium ionic solution as electrolyte. Inside the VRFB, 2.5mm thickness of graphite is generally used as bipolar plate for anti-corrosion of current collector. In this research, thick graphite bipolar plate was substituted by 0.126mm thickness of dimensionally stable anode which was coated with IrO2 on an anodic nanotubular TiO2 substrate. It can provide dimensional advantage over the conventional graphite when the VRFB is used as multi-stack. Ir was coated by using spray coating method in order to enhance electric conductivity. In this study, various electrochemical characterizations were carried out. Cyclic voltammetry data showed activation of Ir in the positive electrode of VRFB. In addition, polarization measurements showed Ir-coated DSA had low overpotential in the positive electrode of VRFB. In cell test results, the DSA-used VRFB showed better efficiency than graphite-used VRFB in voltage and overall efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipolar%20plate" title="bipolar plate">bipolar plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSA%20%28dimensionally%20stable%20anode%29" title=" DSA (dimensionally stable anode)"> DSA (dimensionally stable anode)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iridium%20oxide%20coating" title=" iridium oxide coating"> iridium oxide coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO2%20nanotubes" title=" TiO2 nanotubes"> TiO2 nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VRFB%20%28vanadium%20redox%20flow%20battery%29" title=" VRFB (vanadium redox flow battery)"> VRFB (vanadium redox flow battery)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36558/dimensionally-stable-anode-as-a-bipolar-plate-for-vanadium-redox-flow-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Enhanced Performance of an All-Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Employing Graphene Modified Carbon Paper Electrodes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barun%20Chakrabarti">Barun Chakrabarti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dan%20Nir"> Dan Nir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20Yufit"> Vladimir Yufit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20V.%20Aravind"> P. V. Aravind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigel%20Brandon"> Nigel Brandon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuel cell grade gas-diffusion layer carbon paper (CP) electrodes are subjected to electrophoresis in N,N’-dimethylformamide (DMF) consisting of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO modified electrodes are compared with CP in a single asymmetric all-vanadium redox battery system (employing a double serpentine flow channel for each half-cell). Peak power densities improved by 4% when the rGO deposits were facing the ion-exchange membrane (cell performance was poorer when the rGO was facing the flow field). Cycling of the cells showed least degradation of the CP electrodes that were coated with rGO in comparison to pristine samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=all-vanadium%20redox%20flow%20batteries" title="all-vanadium redox flow batteries">all-vanadium redox flow batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20paper%20electrodes" title=" carbon paper electrodes"> carbon paper electrodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrophoretic%20deposition" title=" electrophoretic deposition"> electrophoretic deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduced%20graphene%20oxide" title=" reduced graphene oxide"> reduced graphene oxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71118/enhanced-performance-of-an-all-vanadium-redox-flow-battery-employing-graphene-modified-carbon-paper-electrodes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Microwave Assisted Growth of Varied Phases and Morphologies of Vanadium Oxides Nanostructures: Structural and Optoelectronic Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Issam%20Derkaoui">Issam Derkaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Khenfouch"> Mohammed Khenfouch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakang%20M.%20Mothudi"> Bakang M. Mothudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malik%20Maaza"> Malik Maaza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izeddine%20Zorkani"> Izeddine Zorkani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anouar%20%20Jorio"> Anouar Jorio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transition metal oxides nanoparticles with different morphologies have attracted a lot of attention recently owning to their distinctive geometries, and demonstrated promising electrical properties for various applications. In this paper, we discuss the time and annealing effects on the structural and electrical properties of vanadium oxides nanoparticles (VO-NPs) prepared by microwave method. In this sense, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-visible absorbance spectra (Uv-Vis) and electrical conductivity were investigated. Hence, the annealing state and the time are two crucial parameters for the improvement of the optoelectronic properties. The use of these nanostructures is promising way for the development of technological applications especially for energy storage devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vanadium%20oxide" title="Vanadium oxide">Vanadium oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Microwave" title=" Microwave"> Microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Electrical%20conductivity" title=" Electrical conductivity"> Electrical conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Optoelectronic%20properties" title=" Optoelectronic properties"> Optoelectronic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80672/microwave-assisted-growth-of-varied-phases-and-morphologies-of-vanadium-oxides-nanostructures-structural-and-optoelectronic-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80672.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> The Effects of Green Manure Returning on Properties and Fungal Communities in Vanadium/Titanium Magnet Tailings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai-Hong%20Gu">Hai-Hong Gu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-Jun%20Ai"> Yan-Jun Ai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zheng%20Zhou"> Zheng Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vanadium and titanium are rare metals with superior properties and are important resources in aerospace, aviation, and military. The vanadium/titanium magnetite are mostly ultra-lean ores, and a large number of tailings has been produced in the exploitation process. The tailings are characterized by loose structure, poor nutrient, complex composition and high trace metal contents. Returning green manure has been shown to not only increase plant biomass and soil nutrients but also change the bioavailability of trace metals and the microbial community structure. Fungi play an important role in decomposing organic matter and increasing soil fertility, and the application of organic matter also affects the community structure of fungi. The effects of green manure plants, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), returned to the tailings in situ on community structure of fungi, nutrients and bioavailability of trace metals in vanadium/titanium magnetite tailings were investigated in a pot experiment. The results showed that the fungal community diversity and richness were increase after alfalfa green manure returned in situ. The dominant phyla of the fungal community were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Ciliophora, especially, the phyla Ciliophora was rare in ordinary soil, but had been found to be the dominant phyla in tailings. Meanwhile, the nutrient properties and various trace metals may shape the microbial communities by affecting the abundance of fungi. It was found that the plant growth was stimulated and the available N and organic C were significantly improved in the vanadium/titanium magnetite tailing with the long-term returning of alfalfa green manure. Moreover, the DTPA-TEA extractable Cd and Zn concentrations in the vanadium/titanium magnetite tailing were reduced by 7.72%~23.8% and 8.02%~24.4%, respectively, compared with those in the non-returning treatment. The above results suggest that the returning of alfalfa green manure could be a potential approach to improve fungal community structure and restore mine tailing ecosystem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungal%20community" title="fungal community">fungal community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20manure%20returning" title=" green manure returning"> green manure returning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%2Ftitanium%20magnet%20tailings" title=" vanadium/titanium magnet tailings"> vanadium/titanium magnet tailings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trace%20metals" title=" trace metals"> trace metals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175570/the-effects-of-green-manure-returning-on-properties-and-fungal-communities-in-vanadiumtitanium-magnet-tailings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Preparation and Performance of Polyphenylene Oxide-Based Anion Exchange Membrane for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi-Jung%20Park">Mi-Jung Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Hwa%20Lim"> Min-Hwa Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ho-Young%20Jung"> Ho-Young Jung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A polyphenylene oxide (PPO)-based anion exchange membrane based on the functionalization of bromomethylated PPO using 1-methylimdazole was fabricated for vanadium redox flow application. The imidazolium-bromomethylated PPO (Im-bPPO) showed lower permeability VO2+ ions (2.9×10⁻¹⁴ m²/sec), compared to Nafion 212 (2.3×10⁻¹² m²/sec) and FAP-450 (7.9×10⁻¹⁴ m²/sec). Even though the Im-bPPO membrane has higher permeability, the energy efficiency of the VRFB with the Im-bPPO membrane was slightly lower than that of Nafion and FAP-450. The Im-bPPO membrane exhibits good voltage efficiency compared to FAP-450 and Nafion 212 because of its better ion conductivity. The Im-bPPo membrane showed up good performance, but a decline in performance at later cycles was observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anion%20exchange%20membranes" title="anion exchange membranes">anion exchange membranes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20redox%20flow%20battery" title=" vanadium redox flow battery"> vanadium redox flow battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenylene%20oxide" title=" polyphenylene oxide"> polyphenylene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency%20%28EE%29" title=" energy efficiency (EE)"> energy efficiency (EE)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49988/preparation-and-performance-of-polyphenylene-oxide-based-anion-exchange-membrane-for-vanadium-redox-flow-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49988.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Effect of Vanadium Addition to Aluminum Grain Refined by Ti or Ti + B on Its Microstructure, Mechanical Behavior, Fatigue Strength and Life</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnan%20I.%20O.%20Zaid">Adnan I. O. Zaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As aluminum solidifies in columnar structure with large grain size which reduces its surface quality and mechanical strength; therefore it is normally grain refined either by titanium or titanium + boron (Ti or Ti + B). In this paper, the effect of addition of either Ti or Ti + B to commercially pure aluminum on its grain size, Vickers hardness, mechanical strength and fatigue strength and life is presented and discussed. Similarly, the effect of vanadium addition to Al grain refined by Ti or Ti+ B is presented and discussed. Two binary master alloys Al-Ti and Al-Vi were laboratory prepared from which five different micro-alloys in addition to the commercially pure aluminum namely Al-Ti, Al-Ti-B, Al-V, Al-Ti-V and Al-Ti-B-V were prepared for the investigation. Finally, the effect of their addition on the fatigue cracks initiation and propagation, using scanning electron microscope, SEM, is also presented and discussed. Photomirographs and photoscans are included in the paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title="aluminum">aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title=" fatigue"> fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grain%20refinement" title=" grain refinement"> grain refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium" title=" titanium"> titanium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium%2Bboron" title=" titanium+boron"> titanium+boron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium "> vanadium </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34047/effect-of-vanadium-addition-to-aluminum-grain-refined-by-ti-or-ti-b-on-its-microstructure-mechanical-behavior-fatigue-strength-and-life" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Corrosion and Microstructural Properties of Vanadium-Microalloyed High-Manganese Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Temitope%20Olumide%20Olugbade">Temitope Olumide Olugbade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low resistance and delayed fracture to corrosion, especially in harsh environmental conditions, often limit the wide application of high-manganese (high-Mn) steels. To address this issue, the present work investigates the influence of microalloying on the corrosion properties of high-Mn steels. Microalloyed and base high-Mn steels were synthesized through an arc melting process under an argon atmosphere. To generate different microstructures, the temperature and duration were varied via thermal homogenization treatments. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques were used to determine the corrosion properties in 0.6 M NaCl aqueous solution at room temperature. The relationship between the microstructures and corrosion properties was investigated via Scanning Kelvin Probe Microscopy (SKPFM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The local corrosion properties were investigated via in situ atomic force spectroscopy (AFM), considering the homogenization treatments. The results indicate that microalloying is a successful technique for enhancing the corrosion behavior of high-Mn steels. Compared to other alloying elements, Vanadium has shown improvement in corrosion properties for both general and local corrosion in chloride environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title="corrosion">corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-manganese%20steel" title=" high-manganese steel"> high-manganese steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homogenization" title=" homogenization"> homogenization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microalloying" title=" microalloying"> microalloying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174119/corrosion-and-microstructural-properties-of-vanadium-microalloyed-high-manganese-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Removal of Nickel and Vanadium from Crude Oil by Using Solvent Extraction and Electrochemical Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliya%20Kurbanova">Aliya Kurbanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurlan%20Akhmetov"> Nurlan Akhmetov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abilmansur%20Yeshmuratov"> Abilmansur Yeshmuratov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yerzhigit%20Sugurbekov"> Yerzhigit Sugurbekov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramiz%20Zulkharnay"> Ramiz Zulkharnay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulzat%20Demeuova"> Gulzat Demeuova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Baisariyev"> Murat Baisariyev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulnar%20Sugurbekova"> Gulnar Sugurbekova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Last decades crude oils have tended to become more challenge to process due to increasing amounts of sour and heavy crude oils. Some crude oils contain high vanadium and nickel content, for example Pavlodar LLP crude oil, which contains more than 23.09 g/t nickel and 58.59 g/t vanadium. In this study, we used two types of metal removing methods such as solvent extraction and electrochemical. The present research is conducted for comparative analysis of the deasphalting with organic solvents (cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform) and electrochemical method. Applying the cyclic voltametric analysis (CVA) and Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS), these mentioned types of metal extraction methods were compared in this paper. Maximum efficiency of deasphalting, with cyclohexane as the solvent, in Soxhlet extractor was 66.4% for nickel and 51.2% for vanadium content from crude oil. Percentage of Ni extraction reached maximum of approximately 55% by using the electrochemical method in electrolysis cell, which was developed for this research and consists of three sections: oil and protonating agent (EtOH) solution between two conducting membranes which divides it from two capsules of 10% sulfuric acid and two graphite electrodes which cover all three parts in electrical circuit. Ions of metals pass through membranes and remain in acid solutions. The best result was obtained in 60 minutes with ethanol to oil ratio 25% to 75% respectively, current fits into the range from 0.3A to 0.4A, voltage changed from 12.8V to 17.3V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demetallization" title="demetallization">demetallization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deasphalting" title=" deasphalting"> deasphalting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20removal" title=" electrochemical removal"> electrochemical removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20engineering" title=" petroleum engineering"> petroleum engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solvent%20extraction" title=" solvent extraction"> solvent extraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80594/removal-of-nickel-and-vanadium-from-crude-oil-by-using-solvent-extraction-and-electrochemical-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80594.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Evaluation of Electrophoretic and Electrospray Deposition Methods for Preparing Graphene and Activated Carbon Modified Nano-Fibre Electrodes for Hydrogen/Vanadium Flow Batteries and Supercapacitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barun%20Chakrabarti">Barun Chakrabarti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evangelos%20Kalamaras"> Evangelos Kalamaras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20Yufit"> Vladimir Yufit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinhua%20Liu"> Xinhua Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Billy%20Wu"> Billy Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigel%20Brandon"> Nigel Brandon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20T.%20John%20Low"> C. T. John Low</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we perform electrophoretic deposition of activated carbon on a number of substrates to prepare symmetrical coin cells for supercapacitor applications. From several recipes that involve the evaluation of a few solvents such as isopropyl alcohol, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), or acetone to binders such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and charging agents such as magnesium chloride, we display a working means for achieving supercapacitors that can achieve 100 F/g in a consistent manner. We then adapt this EPD method to deposit reduced graphene oxide on SGL 10AA carbon paper to achieve cathodic materials for testing in a hydrogen/vanadium flow battery. In addition, a self-supported hierarchical carbon nano-fibre is prepared by means of electrospray deposition of an iron phthalocyanine solution onto a temporary substrate followed by carbonisation to remove heteroatoms. This process also induces a degree of nitrogen doping on the carbon nano-fibres (CNFs), which allows its catalytic performance to improve significantly as detailed in other publications. The CNFs are then used as catalysts by attaching them to graphite felt electrodes facing the membrane inside an all-vanadium flow battery (Scribner cell using serpentine flow distribution channels) and efficiencies as high as 60% is noted at high current densities of 150 mA/cm². About 20 charge and discharge cycling show that the CNF catalysts consistently perform better than pristine graphite felt electrodes. Following this, we also test the CNF as an electro-catalyst in the hydrogen/vanadium flow battery (cathodic side as mentioned briefly in the first paragraph) facing the membrane, based upon past studies from our group. Once again, we note consistently good efficiencies of 85% and above for CNF modified graphite felt electrodes in comparison to 60% for pristine felts at low current density of 50 mA/cm² (this reports 20 charge and discharge cycles of the battery). From this preliminary investigation, we conclude that the CNFs may be used as catalysts for other systems such as vanadium/manganese, manganese/manganese and manganese/hydrogen flow batteries in the future. We are generating data for such systems at present, and further publications are expected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrospinning" title="electrospinning">electrospinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nano-fibres" title=" carbon nano-fibres"> carbon nano-fibres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=all-vanadium%20redox%20flow%20battery" title=" all-vanadium redox flow battery"> all-vanadium redox flow battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen-vanadium%20fuel%20cell" title=" hydrogen-vanadium fuel cell"> hydrogen-vanadium fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalysis" title=" electrocatalysis"> electrocatalysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124714/evaluation-of-electrophoretic-and-electrospray-deposition-methods-for-preparing-graphene-and-activated-carbon-modified-nano-fibre-electrodes-for-hydrogenvanadium-flow-batteries-and-supercapacitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Synergistic Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide and Melatonin in Alleviating Vanadium Toxicity in Solanum lycopersicum L. Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abazar%20Ghorbani">Abazar Ghorbani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20M.%20Wishwajith%20W.%20Kandegama"> W. M. Wishwajith W. Kandegama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mehdi%20Razavi"> Seyed Mehdi Razavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moxian%20Chen"> Moxian Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The roles of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and melatonin (MT) as gasotransmitters in plants are widely recognised. Nevertheless, the precise nature of their involvement in defensive reactions remains uncertain. This study investigates the impact of the ML-H2S interaction on tomato plants exposed to vanadium (V) toxicity, focusing on synthesising secondary metabolites and V metal sequestration. The treatments applied in this study included a control (T1), V stress (T2), MT+V (T3), MT+H2S+V (T4), MT+hypotaurine (HT)+V (T5), and MT+H2S+HT+V (T6). These treatments were administered: MT (150 µM) as a foliar spray pre-treatment (3X), HT treatment (0.1 mM, an H2S scavenger) as root immersion for 12 hours as pre-treatments, and H2S (NaHS, 0.2 mM) and V (40 mg/L) treatments added to the Hoagland solution for 2 weeks. Results demonstrate that ML and H2S+ML treatments alleviate V toxicity by promoting the transcription of key genes (ANS, F3H, CHS, DFR, PAL, and CHI) involved in phenolic and anthocyanin biosynthesis. Moreover, they decreased V uptake and accumulation and enhanced the transcription of genes involved in glutathione and phytochelatin synthesis (GSH1, PCS, and ABC1), leading to V sequestration in roots and protection against V-induced damage. Additionally, ML and H2S+ML treatments optimize chlorophyll metabolism, and increase internal H2S levels, thereby promoting tomato growth under V stress. The combined treatment of ML+H2S shows superior effects compared to ML alone, suggesting synergistic/interactive effects between these two substances. Furthermore, inhibition of the beneficial impact of ML+H2S and ML treatments by HT, an H2S scavenger, underscores the significant involvement of H₂S in the signaling pathway activated by ML during V toxicity. Overall, these findings suggest that ML requires the presence of endogenous H₂S to mitigate V-induced adverse effects on tomato seedlings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20toxicity" title="vanadium toxicity">vanadium toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20metabolites" title=" secondary metabolites"> secondary metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20sequestration" title=" vanadium sequestration"> vanadium sequestration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=h2s-melatonin%20crosstalk" title=" h2s-melatonin crosstalk"> h2s-melatonin crosstalk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186069/synergistic-effects-of-hydrogen-sulfide-and-melatonin-in-alleviating-vanadium-toxicity-in-solanum-lycopersicum-l-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Copper Oxide Doped Carbon Catalyst for Anodic Half-Cell of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irshad%20U.%20Khan">Irshad U. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanmay%20Paul"> Tanmay Paul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murali%20Mohan%20Seepana"> Murali Mohan Seepana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a study on synthesizing and characterizing a Copper oxide doped Carbon (CuO-C) electrocatalyst for the negative half-cell reactions of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB). The CuO was synthesized using a microreactor. The electrocatalyst was characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performance was assessed by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The findings suggest that the synthesized CuO exhibited favorable crystallinity, morphology, and surface area, which reflects improved cell performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECSA" title="ECSA">ECSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalyst" title=" electrocatalyst"> electrocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tafel" title=" Tafel"> Tafel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167257/copper-oxide-doped-carbon-catalyst-for-anodic-half-cell-of-vanadium-redox-flow-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Removal of Metals from Heavy Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Noorian">Ali Noorian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crude oil contains various compounds of hydrocarbons but low concentrations of inorganic compounds or metals. Vanadium and Nickel are the most common metals in crude oil. These metals usually exist in solution in the oil and residual fuel oil in the refining process is condensed. Deleterious effects of metals in petroleum have been known for some time. These metals do not only contaminate the product but also cause intoxication and loss of catalyst and corrosion to equipment. In this study, removal of heavy metals and petroleum residues were investigated. These methods include physical, chemical and biological treatment processes. For example, processes such as solvent extraction and hydro-catalytic and catalytic methods are effective and practical methods, but typically often have high costs and cause environmental pollution. Furthermore, biological methods that do not cause environmental pollution have been discussed in recent years, but these methods have not yet been industrialized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removal" title="removal">removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal" title=" metal"> metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20oil" title=" heavy oil"> heavy oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel" title=" nickel"> nickel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6915/removal-of-metals-from-heavy-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Hydrothermal Synthesis of V₂O₅-Carbon Nanotube Composite for Supercapacitor Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamta%20Bulla">Mamta Bulla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinay%20Kumar"> Vinay Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The transition to renewable energy sources is essential due to the finite limitations of conventional fossil fuels, which contribute significantly to environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Traditional energy storage solutions, such as batteries and capacitors, are also hindered by limitations, particularly in capacity, cycle life, and energy density. Conventional supercapacitors, while able to deliver high power, often suffer from low energy density, limiting their efficiency in storing and providing renewable energy consistently. Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, produce power intermittently, so efficient energy storage solutions are required to manage this variability. Advanced materials, particularly those with high capacity and long cycle life, are critical to developing supercapacitors capable of effectively storing renewable energy. Among various electrode materials, vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) offers high theoretical capacitance, but its poor conductivity and cycling stability limit practical applications. This study explores the hydrothermal synthesis of a V₂O₅-carbon nanotube (CNT) composite to overcome these drawbacks, combining the high capacitance of V₂O₅ with the exceptional conductivity and mechanical stability of CNTs. The resulting V₂O₅-CNT composite demonstrates enhanced electrochemical performance, showing high specific capacitance of 890 F g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹ current density, excellent rate capability, and improved cycling stability, making it a promising candidate for next-generation supercapacitors, with significant improvements in energy storage efficiency and durability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclability" title="cyclability">cyclability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20density" title=" energy density"> energy density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercapacitor" title=" supercapacitor"> supercapacitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193471/hydrothermal-synthesis-of-v2o5-carbon-nanotube-composite-for-supercapacitor-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">11</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Vanadium (V) Complexes of a Tripodal Ligand, Their Characterization and Biological Implications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mannar%20R.%20Maurya">Mannar R. Maurya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhawna%20Uprety"> Bhawna Uprety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fernando%20Avecilla"> Fernando Avecilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Ad%C3%A3o"> Pedro Adão</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Costa%20Pessoa"> J. Costa Pessoa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reaction of the tripodal tetradentate dibasic ligand 6,6'–(2–(pyridin–2–yl)ethylazanediyl)bis(methylene)bis(2,4–di–tert–butylphenol), H2L1 I, with [VIVO(acac)2] in CH3CN gives the VVO–complex, [VVO(acac)(L1)] 1. Crystallization of 1 in CH3CN at ~0 ºC, gives dark blue crystals of 1, while at room temperature it affords dark green crystals of [{VVO(L1)}2µ–O] 3. Upon prolonged treatment of 1 in MeOH [VVO(OMe)(MeOH)(L1)] 2 is obtained. All three complexes are analyzed by single–crystal X–ray diffraction, depicting distorted octahedral geometry around vanadium. In the reaction of H2L1 with VIVOSO4 partial hydrolysis of the tripodal ligand results in elimination of the pyridyl fragment of L1 and the formation of H[VVO2(L2)] 4, containing the ONO tridentate ligand 6,6'–azanediylbis(methylene)bis(2,4–di–tert–butylphenol), H2L2 II. Compound 4, which was not fully characterized, undergoes dimerization in acetone yielding the hydroxido–bridged [{VVO(L2)}2µ–(HO)2] 5, having distorted octahedral geometry around each vanadium. In contrast, from a solution of 4 in acetonitrile, the dinuclear compound [{VVO(L2)}2µ–O] 6 is obtained, with trigonal bipyramidal geometry around each vanadium. The methoxido complex 2 is successfully employed as a functional catechol–oxidase mimic in the oxidation of catechol to o–quinone under air. The process is confirmed to follow a Michaelis–Menten type kinetics with respect to catechol, the Vmax and KM values obtained being 7.66×10–6 M min -1 and 0.0557 M, respectively, and the turnover frequency is 0.0541 min–1. Complex 2 is also used as a catalyst precursor for the oxidative bromination of thymol in aqueous medium. The selectivity shows quite interesting trends, namely when not using excess of primary oxidizing agent, H2O2 the para mono–brominated product corresponds to ~93 % of the products and no dibromo derivative is formed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidovanadium%20%28V%29%20complexes" title="oxidovanadium (V) complexes">oxidovanadium (V) complexes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tripodal%20ligand" title=" tripodal ligand"> tripodal ligand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystal%20structure" title=" crystal structure"> crystal structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catechol%20oxidase%20mimetic%20activity" title=" catechol oxidase mimetic activity"> catechol oxidase mimetic activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39537/vanadium-v-complexes-of-a-tripodal-ligand-their-characterization-and-biological-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Influence of Aluminium on Grain Refinement in As-Rolled Vanadium-Microalloyed Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Mark%20Banks">Kevin Mark Banks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dannis%20Rorisang%20Nkarapa%20Maubane"> Dannis Rorisang Nkarapa Maubane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carel%20Coetzee"> Carel Coetzee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The influence of aluminium content, reheating temperature, and sizing (final) strain on the as-rolled microstructure was systematically investigated in vanadium-microalloyed and C-Mn plate steels. Reheating, followed by hot rolling and air cooling simulations were performed on steels containing a range of aluminium and nitrogen contents. Natural air cooling profiles, corresponding to 6 and 20mm thick plates, were applied. The austenite and ferrite/pearlite microstructures were examined using light optical microscopy. Precipitate species and volume fraction were determined on selected specimens. No influence of aluminium content was found below 0.08% on the as-rolled grain size in all steels studied. A low Al-V-steel produced the coarsest initial austenite grain size due to AlN dissolution at low temperatures leading to abnormal grain growth. An Al-free V-N steel had the finest initial microstructure. Although the as-rolled grain size for 20mm plate was similar in all steels tested, the grain distribution was relatively mixed. The final grain size in 6mm plate was similar for most compositions; the exception was an as-cast V low N steel, where the size of the second phase was inversely proportional to the sizing strain. This was attributed to both segregation and a low VN volume fraction available for effective pinning of austenite grain boundaries during cooling. Increasing the sizing strain refined the microstructure significantly in all steels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium" title="aluminium">aluminium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grain%20size" title=" grain size"> grain size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen" title=" nitrogen"> nitrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reheating" title=" reheating"> reheating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sizing%20strain" title=" sizing strain"> sizing strain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel" title=" steel"> steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109135/influence-of-aluminium-on-grain-refinement-in-as-rolled-vanadium-microalloyed-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Heteroatom Doped Binary Metal Oxide Modified Carbon as a Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for all Vanadium Redox Flow Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anteneh%20Wodaje%20Bayeh">Anteneh Wodaje Bayeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Manaye%20Kabtamu"> Daniel Manaye Kabtamu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Hao%20Wang"> Chen-Hao Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As one of the most promising electrochemical energy storage systems, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) have received increasing attention owing to their attractive features for largescale storage applications. However, their high production cost and relatively low energy efficiency still limit their feasibility. For practical implementation, it is of great interest to improve their efficiency and reduce their cost. One of the key components of VRFBs that can greatly influence the efficiency and final cost is the electrode, which provide the reactions sites for redox couples (VO²⁺/VO₂ + and V²⁺/V³⁺). Carbon-based materials are considered to be the most feasible electrode materials in the VRFB because of their excellent potential in terms of operation range, good permeability, large surface area, and reasonable cost. However, owing to limited electrochemical activity and reversibility and poor wettability due to its hydrophobic properties, the performance of the cell employing carbon-based electrodes remained limited. To address the challenges, we synthesized heteroatom-doped bimetallic oxide grown on the surface of carbon through the one-step approach. When applied to VRFBs, the prepared electrode exhibits significant electrocatalytic effect toward the VO²⁺/VO₂ + and V³⁺/V²⁺ redox reaction compared with that of pristine carbon. It is found that the presence of heteroatom on metal oxide promotes the absorption of vanadium ions. The controlled morphology of bimetallic metal oxide also exposes more active sites for the redox reaction of vanadium ions. Hence, the prepared electrode displays the best electrochemical performance with energy and voltage efficiencies of 74.8% and 78.9%, respectively, which is much higher than those of 59.8% and 63.2% obtained from the pristine carbon at high current density. Moreover, the electrode exhibit durability and stability in an acidic electrolyte during long-term operation for 1000 cycles at the higher current density. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VRFB" title="VRFB">VRFB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VO%C2%B2%E2%81%BA%2FVO%E2%82%82%20%2B%20and%20V%C2%B3%E2%81%BA%2FV%C2%B2%E2%81%BA%20redox%20couples" title=" VO²⁺/VO₂ + and V³⁺/V²⁺ redox couples"> VO²⁺/VO₂ + and V³⁺/V²⁺ redox couples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphite%20felt" title=" graphite felt"> graphite felt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heteroatom-doping" title=" heteroatom-doping"> heteroatom-doping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162449/heteroatom-doped-binary-metal-oxide-modified-carbon-as-a-bifunctional-electrocatalysts-for-all-vanadium-redox-flow-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Facile Synthesis of Potassium Vanadium Fluorophosphate: Semiconducting Properties and Its Photocatalytic Performance for Dye Degradation under Visible Light</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Tartaya">S. Tartaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Bagtache"> R. Bagtache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Djaballah"> A. M. Djaballah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Trari"> M. Trari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the increase in the trade of colored products and their applications in various fields such as cosmetic, food, textile, pharmaceutical industries, etc. Dyes constitute a large part of the contaminants in wastewater and cause serious damage in the environment and the aquatic system. Photocatalytic systems are highly efficient processes for treating wastewater in the presence of semiconductor photocatalysts. In this field, we report our contribution by synthesizing a potassium vanadium fluorophosphate compound KVPO4F (which is abbreviated KVPOF) by a simplified hydrothermal method at 180°C for 5 days. The as synthesized product has been characterized physically and photoelectrochemically. The indirect optical transition of 1.88 eV, determined from the diffuse reflectance, was assigned to the charge transfer. Moreover, the curve (C-2–E) of the KVPOF displayed n-type character of the semiconductor. Even more, interestingly, the photocatalytic performance was evaluated through the photo-degradation of cationic dye Methyl Violet (MV). An abatement of 61% was obtained after 6 h of irradiation under visible light. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KVPO4F" title="KVPO4F">KVPO4F</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalysis" title=" photocatalysis"> photocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor" title=" semiconductor"> semiconductor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164752/facile-synthesis-of-potassium-vanadium-fluorophosphate-semiconducting-properties-and-its-photocatalytic-performance-for-dye-degradation-under-visible-light" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> BiVO₄‑Decorated Graphite Felt as Highly Efficient Negative Electrode for All-Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Manaye%20Kabtamu">Daniel Manaye Kabtamu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anteneh%20Wodaje%20Bayeh"> Anteneh Wodaje Bayeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the development and utilization of new energy technology, people’s demand for large-scale energy storage system has become increasingly urgent. Vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is one of the most promising technologies for grid-scale energy storage applications because of numerous attractive features, such as long cycle life, high safety, and flexible design. However, the relatively low energy efficiency and high production cost of the VRFB still limit its practical implementations. It is of great attention to enhance its energy efficiency and reduce its cost. One of the main components of VRFB that can impressively impact the efficiency and final cost is the electrode materials, which provide the reactions sites for redox couples (V₂₊/V³⁺ and VO²⁺/VO₂⁺). Graphite felt (GF) is a typical carbon-based material commonly employed as electrode for VRFB due to low-cost, good chemical and mechanical stability. However, pristine GF exhibits insufficient wettability, low specific surface area, and poor kinetics reversibility, leading to low energy efficiency of the battery. Therefore, it is crucial to further modify the GF electrode to improve its electrochemical performance towards VRFB by employing active electrocatalysts, such as less expensive metal oxides. This study successfully fabricates low-cost plate-like bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) material through a simple one-step hydrothermal route, employed as an electrocatalyst to adorn the GF for use as the negative electrode in VRFB. The experimental results show that BiVO₄-3h exhibits the optimal electrocatalytic activity and reversibility for the vanadium redox couples among all samples. The energy efficiency of the VRFB cell assembled with BiVO₄-decorated GF as the negative electrode is found to be 75.42% at 100 mA cm−2, which is about 10.24% more efficient than that of the cell assembled with heat-treated graphite felt (HT-GF) electrode. The possible reasons for the activity enhancement can be ascribed to the existence of oxygen vacancies in the BiVO₄ lattice structure and the relatively high surface area of BiVO₄, which provide more active sites for facilitating the vanadium redox reactions. Furthermore, the BiVO₄-GF electrode obstructs the competitive irreversible hydrogen evolution reaction on the negative side of the cell, and it also has better wettability. Impressively, BiVO₄-GF as the negative electrode shows good stability over 100 cycles. Thus, BiVO₄-GF is a promising negative electrode candidate for practical VRFB applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BiVO%E2%82%84%20electrocatalyst" title="BiVO₄ electrocatalyst">BiVO₄ electrocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20energy%20storage" title=" electrochemical energy storage"> electrochemical energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphite%20felt" title=" graphite felt"> graphite felt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20redox%20flow%20battery" title=" vanadium redox flow battery"> vanadium redox flow battery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168036/bivo4decorated-graphite-felt-as-highly-efficient-negative-electrode-for-all-vanadium-redox-flow-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1573</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Forgeability Study of Medium Carbon Micro-Alloyed Forging Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Equbal">M. I. Equbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Ohdar"> R. K. Ohdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Singh"> B. Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Talukdar"> P. Talukdar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Micro-alloyed steel components are used in automotive industry for the necessity to make the manufacturing process cycles shorter when compared to conventional steel by eliminating heat treatment cycles, so an important saving of costs and energy can be reached by reducing the number of operations. Micro-alloying elements like vanadium, niobium or titanium have been added to medium carbon steels to achieve grain refinement with or without precipitation strengthening along with uniform microstructure throughout the matrix. Present study reports the applicability of medium carbon vanadium micro-alloyed steel in hot forging. Forgeability has been determined with respect to different cooling rates, after forging in a hydraulic press at 50% diameter reduction in temperature range of 900-11000C. Final microstructures, hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength have been evaluated. The friction coefficients of different lubricating conditions, viz., graphite in hydraulic oil, graphite in furnace oil, DF 150 (Graphite, Water-Based) die lubricant and dry or without any lubrication were obtained from the ring compression test for the above micro-alloyed steel. Results of ring compression tests indicate that graphite in hydraulic oil lubricant is preferred for free forging and dry lubricant is preferred for die forging operation. Exceptionally good forgeability and high resistance to fracture, especially for faster cooling rate has been observed for fine equiaxed ferrite-pearlite grains, some amount of bainite and fine precipitates of vanadium carbides and carbonitrides. The results indicated that the cooling rate has a remarkable effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties at room temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20rate" title="cooling rate">cooling rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20forging" title=" hot forging"> hot forging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-alloyed" title=" micro-alloyed"> micro-alloyed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ring%20compression" title=" ring compression"> ring compression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22720/forgeability-study-of-medium-carbon-micro-alloyed-forging-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Syntheses in Polyol Medium of Inorganic Oxides with Various Smart Optical Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shian%20Guan">Shian Guan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie%20Bourdin"> Marie Bourdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabelle%20Trenque"> Isabelle Trenque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Younes%20Messaddeq"> Younes Messaddeq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thierry%20Cardinal"> Thierry Cardinal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolas%20Penin"> Nicolas Penin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Issam%20Mjejri"> Issam Mjejri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aline%20Rougier"> Aline Rougier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Etienne%20Duguet"> Etienne Duguet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephane%20Mornet"> Stephane Mornet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuel%20Gaudon"> Manuel Gaudon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At the interface of the studies performed by 3 Ph.D. students: Shian Guan (2017-2020), Marie Bourdin (2016-2019) and Isabelle Trenque (2012-2015), a single synthesis route: polyol-mediated process, was used with success for the preparation of different inorganic oxides. Both of these inorganic oxides were elaborated for their potential application as smart optical compounds. This synthesis route has allowed us to develop nanoparticles of zinc oxide, vanadium oxide or tungsten oxide. This route is with easy implementation, inexpensive and with large-scale production potentialities and leads to materials of high purity. The obtaining by this route of nanometric particles, however perfectly crystalline, has notably led to the possibility of doping these matrix materials with high doping ion concentrations (high solubility limits). Thus, Al3+ or Ga3+ doped-ZnO powder, with high doping rate in comparison with the literature, exhibits remarkable infrared absorption properties thanks to their high free carrier density. Note also that due to the narrow particle size distribution of the as-prepared nanometric doped-ZnO powder, the original correlation between crystallite size and unit-cell parameters have been established. Also, depending on the annealing atmosphere use to treat vanadium precursors, VO2, V2O3 or V2O5 oxides with thermochromic or electrochromic properties can be obtained without any impurity, despite the versatility of the oxidation state of vanadium. This is of more particular interest on vanadium dioxide, a relatively difficult-to-prepare oxide, whose first-order metal-insulator phase transition is widely explored in the literature for its thermochromic behavior (in smart windows with optimal thermal insulation). Finally, the reducing nature of the polyol solvents ensures the production of oxygen-deficient tungsten oxide, thus conferring to the nano-powders exotic colorimetric properties, as well as optimized photochromic and electrochromic behaviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inorganic%20oxides" title="inorganic oxides">inorganic oxides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochromic" title=" electrochromic"> electrochromic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photochromic" title=" photochromic"> photochromic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermochromic" title=" thermochromic"> thermochromic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97918/syntheses-in-polyol-medium-of-inorganic-oxides-with-various-smart-optical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20pentoxide&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20pentoxide&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium%20pentoxide&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> 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