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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_colony_(1649–1763)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>French colony (1649–1763)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French_colony_(1649–1763)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_colonial_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_colonial_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>British colonial period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_colonial_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_colonial_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_colonial_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Early colonial period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_colonial_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_colonial_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_colonial_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Later colonial period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_colonial_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-independence_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-independence_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Post-independence era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-independence_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Invasion_by_the_United_States_(1983)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Invasion_by_the_United_States_(1983)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Invasion by the United States (1983)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Invasion_by_the_United_States_(1983)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Coup_and_execution_of_Maurice_Bishop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coup_and_execution_of_Maurice_Bishop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>Coup and execution of Maurice Bishop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coup_and_execution_of_Maurice_Bishop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States_and_allied_response_and_reaction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_and_allied_response_and_reaction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>United States and allied response and reaction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_and_allied_response_and_reaction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-invasion_arrests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-invasion_arrests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.3</span> <span>Post-invasion arrests</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-invasion_arrests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Since_1983" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_1983"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Since 1983</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_1983-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Foreign relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Commonwealth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Commonwealth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>The Commonwealth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Commonwealth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization_of_American_States_(OAS)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization_of_American_States_(OAS)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Organization of American States (OAS)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization_of_American_States_(OAS)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Double_Taxation_Relief_(CARICOM)_Treaty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Double_Taxation_Relief_(CARICOM)_Treaty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Double Taxation Relief (CARICOM) Treaty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Double_Taxation_Relief_(CARICOM)_Treaty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-FATCA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#FATCA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4</span> <span>FATCA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-FATCA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ALBA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ALBA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.5</span> <span>ALBA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ALBA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Human rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agriculture_and_exports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture_and_exports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Agriculture and exports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture_and_exports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nutmeg_Industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nutmeg_Industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Nutmeg Industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nutmeg_Industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Air_Travel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Travel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Air Travel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Travel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Buses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Taxis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sports subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Olympics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olympics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Olympics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olympics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cricket" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cricket"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Cricket</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cricket-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grenada</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Available in 209 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-209" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">209 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%A8%E1%8A%90%E1%8B%AD%E1%8B%B3" title="ግረነይዳ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ግረነይዳ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रेनेडा – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ग्रेनेडा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenadieg" title="Grenadieg – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Grenadieg" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="غرينادا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غرينادا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gren%C3%A2da_(payis)" title="Grenâda (payis) – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Grenâda (payis)" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_(pa%C3%ADs)" title="Granada (país) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Granada (país)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyran%C3%A1ta" title="Gyranáta – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Gyranáta" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qrenada" title="Qrenada – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qrenada" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="قرنادا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قرنادا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9nada" title="Grénada – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Grénada" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE" title="গ্রেনাডা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রেনাডা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Грэнада – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Грэнада" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Грэнада – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Грэнада" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रिनेदा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ग्रिनेदा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BC%8D_(%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8D)" title="གི་རི་ན་ཌ། (རྒྱལ་ཁབ།) – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གི་རི་ན་ཌ། (རྒྱལ་ཁབ།)" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_(pa%C3%ADs)" title="Granada (país) – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Granada (país)" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DD%A3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="ݣرينادا – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ݣرينادا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8E%DE%AC%DE%83%DE%AC%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%91%DE%A7" title="ގެރެންޑާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ގެރެންޑާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रिनाडा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ग्रिनाडा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Γρενάδα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γρενάδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_(pa%C3%ADs)" title="Granada (país) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Granada (país)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenado_(lando)" title="Grenado (lando) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grenado (lando)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="گرنادا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گرنادا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenade_(pays)" title="Grenade (pays) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grenade (pays)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerenaada" title="Gerenaada – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Gerenaada" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grean%C3%A1da" title="Greanáda – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Greanáda" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greanada" title="Greanada – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Greanada" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada,_Caribe" title="Granada, Caribe – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Granada, Caribe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रेनेडा – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="ग्रेनेडा" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88%EB%82%98%EB%8B%A4" title="그레나다 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그레나다" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1" title="Գրենադա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրենադա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रेनाडा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्रेनाडा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE" title="গ্রেনাডা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="গ্রেনাডা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6" title="Гренадæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Гренадæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%94_(%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94)" title="גרנדה (מדינה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרנדה (מדינה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9nada" title="Grénada – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Grénada" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A1" title="ಗ್ರೆನಾಡ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ರೆನಾಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90" title="გრენადა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გრენადა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%8E%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%91%D8%A7" title="گَرنیڑا – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گَرنیڑا" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenayd" title="Grenayd – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Grenayd" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerenada" title="Gerenada – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Gerenada" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenad_(peyi)" title="Grenad (peyi) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Grenad (peyi)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9nad_(p%C3%A9yi)" title="Grénad (péyi) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Grénad (péyi)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granata_(civitas_Caribica)" title="Granata (civitas Caribica) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Granata (civitas Caribica)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gren%C4%81da" title="Grenāda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Grenāda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenady" title="Grenady – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Grenady" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A1" title="ഗ്രനേഡ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്രനേഡ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keren%C4%81ra" title="Kerenāra – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kerenāra" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रेनेडा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ग्रेनेडा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90" title="გრენადა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გრენადა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="جرينادا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جرينادا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="گرانادا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="گرانادا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%92%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯗꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯥꯗꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Грэнада – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Грэнада" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92%E1%80%AB%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဂရီနေဒါနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂရီနေဒါနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रेनाडा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ग्रेनाडा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रेनेडा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ग्रेनेडा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%80" title="グレナダ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グレナダ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenaada" title="Grenaada – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Grenaada" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giranaadaa" title="Giranaadaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Giranaadaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE" title="ਗ੍ਰੇਨਾਡਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗ੍ਰੇਨਾਡਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रेनाडा – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="ग्रेनाडा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%88%D8%A7" title="گریناڈا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گریناڈا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AB%D8%B1%DB%90%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="ګرېنادا – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ګرېنادا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grinieda" title="Grinieda – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Grinieda" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenade_(po%C3%A9yis)" title="Grenade (poéyis) – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Grenade (poéyis)" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_(pa%C3%ADs)" title="Granada (país) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Granada (país)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qirinatha" title="Qirinatha – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qirinatha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रेनाडा – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="ग्रेनाडा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%8A%D8%A7" title="گريناڊا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="گريناڊا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGelenada" title="IGelenada – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IGelenada" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="گرینادا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گرینادا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9nada" title="Grénada – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Grénada" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE" title="கிரெனடா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிரெனடா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grinada" title="Grinada – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Grinada" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%80%9B%E1%82%84%E1%82%87%E1%81%BC%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%82%83%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းၵရႄႇၼႃႇတႃႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၵရႄႇၼႃႇတႃႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BE" title="గ్రెనడా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్రెనడా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada" title="Granada – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Granada" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศกรีเนดา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศกรีเนดา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelenat%C4%81" title="Kelenatā – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Kelenatā" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гренада" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%88%D8%A7" title="گریناڈا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گریناڈا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%90%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="گرېنادا – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گرېنادا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_(Stato)" title="Granada (Stato) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Granada (Stato)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenad" title="Grenad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Grenad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenade%C3%A4n" title="Grenadeän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Grenadeän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurn%C3%A5de_(payis)" title="Gurnåde (payis) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Gurnåde (payis)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%91%9E%E9%82%A3%E9%81%94" title="格瑞那達 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="格瑞那達" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E8%BE%BE" title="格林纳达 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="格林纳达" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%93%D7%A2" title="גרענאדע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גרענאדע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%E1%BA%B9%CC%80n%C3%A1d%C3%A0" title="Grẹ̀nádà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Grẹ̀nádà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%B4%8D%E9%81%94" title="格林納達 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="格林納達" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Grenada" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E8%BE%BE" title="格林纳达 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格林纳达" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9nada" title="Grénada – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Grénada" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q769#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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.ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Grenada</div><div class="ib-country-names"><i>Gwenad</i> (<a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_French" title="Grenadian Creole French">Grenadian Creole French</a>)<br /><i>Gwenad</i> (<a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_English" title="Grenadian Creole English">Grenadian Creole English</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Grenada.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Grenada"><img alt="Flag of Grenada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/125px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/188px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/250px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Grenada" title="Flag of Grenada">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Grenada"><img alt="Coat of arms of Grenada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="490" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada" title="Coat of arms of Grenada"> Coat of arms</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b>"Ever Conscious of God We Aspire, Build and Advance as One People"<span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> "<a href="/wiki/Hail_Grenada" title="Hail Grenada">Hail Grenada</a>"<div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="78" data-mwtitle="HailGrenada.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/HailGrenada.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/76/HailGrenada.ogg/HailGrenada.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div><div class="ib-country-anthem"><b><a href="/wiki/Royal_anthem" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal anthem">Royal anthem</a>:</b> "<a href="/wiki/God_Save_the_King" title="God Save the King">God Save the King</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /><div 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AU.S._Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_King.oga&lang=ms&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ms" label="Bahasa Melayu ‪(ms)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AU.S._Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_King.oga&lang=my&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="my" label="မြန်မာဘာသာ ‪(my)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AU.S._Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_King.oga&lang=nrm&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="nrf" label="Nouormand ‪(nrm)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AU.S._Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_King.oga&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AU.S._Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_King.oga&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Grenada_on_the_globe_(Americas_centered).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Grenada_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg/250px-Grenada_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Grenada_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg/375px-Grenada_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Grenada_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg/500px-Grenada_on_the_globe_%28Americas_centered%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="797" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<div class="ib-country-largest">and largest city</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Grenada" title="St. George's, Grenada">St. George's</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Grenada&params=12_03_N_61_45_W_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°03′N</span> <span class="longitude">61°45′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.050°N 61.750°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.050; -61.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="ib-country-lang">Recognised regional languages</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_English" title="Grenadian Creole English">Grenadian Creole English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_French" title="Grenadian Creole French">Grenadian Creole French</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">Ethnic groups</a> <div class="ib-country-ethnic"> (2020<sup id="cite_ref-cia.gov_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia.gov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>82.4% <a href="/wiki/Afro-Grenadians" title="Afro-Grenadians">African</a></li><li>13.3% <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_people" title="Multiracial people">Mixed</a></li><li>2.2% <a href="/wiki/Indo-Grenadians" title="Indo-Grenadians">Indian</a></li><li>1.3% other</li><li>0.9% unspecified</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"> (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li>96.6% <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> <ul><li>48.8% <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></li> <li>39.2% <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a></li> <li>8.6% other <a href="/wiki/Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian">Christian</a></li></ul></li> <li>1.3% <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li>1.0% <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">no religion</a></li> <li>0.7% <a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a></li> <li>0.4% other</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Grenada" title="Demographics of Grenada">Grenadian</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Grenada" title="Politics of Grenada">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Unitary parliamentary <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Monarch_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarch of Grenada">Monarch</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Grenada" title="Governor-General of Grenada">Governor-General</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_La_Grenade" title="Cécile La Grenade">Cécile La Grenade</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Grenada">Prime Minister</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dickon_Mitchell" title="Dickon Mitchell">Dickon Mitchell</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Grenada" title="Parliament of Grenada">Parliament</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">Upper house</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate of Grenada">Senate</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/Lower_house" title="Lower house">Lower house</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Representatives of Grenada">House of Representatives</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Formation</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Associated_Statehood_Act_1967" class="mw-redirect" title="Associated Statehood Act 1967">Associated State</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">3 March 1967</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Independence from the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">7 February 1974</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government_(Grenada)" title="People's Revolutionary Government (Grenada)">Grenadian Revolution</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">13 March 1979</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Constitution Restoration </div></th><td class="infobox-data">4 December 1984</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Grenada" title="Geography of Grenada">Area </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">348.5 km<sup>2</sup> (134.6 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">185th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1.6</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Grenada" title="Demographics of Grenada">Population</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2021 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">124,610<sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">179th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">318.58/km<sup>2</sup> (825.1/sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">45th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $2.3 billion<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $20,195<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $1.3 billion<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $11,437<sup id="cite_ref-imf2_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imf2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.793<sup id="cite_ref-UNHDR_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:forestgreen">high</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">73rd</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/East_Caribbean_dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="East Caribbean dollar">East Caribbean dollar</a> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">XCD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>−4</span> (<a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Time_Zone" title="Atlantic Time Zone">AST</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Drives on</a></th><td class="infobox-data">left</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Telephone numbers in Grenada">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%2B1-473" class="mw-redirect" title="+1-473">+1-473</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GD" title="ISO 3166-2:GD">GD</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.gd" title=".gd">.gd</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-country-fn"><ol class="ib-country-fn-alpha"> <li value="1">Plus trace of <a href="/wiki/Arawaks" class="mw-redirect" title="Arawaks">Arawak</a> / <a href="/wiki/Island_Caribs" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Caribs">Carib</a>.</li> </ol></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Grenada</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/c0\/En-us-Grenada.ogg\/En-us-Grenada.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-Grenada.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/En-us-Grenada.ogg/En-us-Grenada.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Grenada.ogg" title="File:En-us-Grenada.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">grə-<span style="font-size:90%">NAY</span>-də</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_French" title="Grenadian Creole French">Grenadian Creole French</a>: <span title="Creoles and pidgins-language text"><i lang="crp-GD">Gwenad</i></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ɡweˈnad]</a></span>) is an island country of the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a> in the eastern <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a>. The southernmost of the <a href="/wiki/Windward_Islands" title="Windward Islands">Windward Islands</a>, Grenada is directly south of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> and about 100 miles (160 km) north of <a href="/wiki/Trinidad" title="Trinidad">Trinidad</a> and the South American mainland. </p><p>Grenada consists of the island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, <a href="/wiki/Carriacou" title="Carriacou">Carriacou</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petite_Martinique" title="Petite Martinique">Petite Martinique</a>, and several small islands which lie to the north of the main island and are a part of the Grenadines. Its size is 348.5 square kilometres (134.6 sq mi), with an estimated population of 114,621 in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its capital is <a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Grenada" title="St. George's, Grenada">St. George's</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grenada is also known as the "Island of Spice" due to its production of <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mace_(spice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mace (spice)">mace</a> crops.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica.com_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica.com-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Grenada&params=12_07_N_61_40_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°07′N</span> <span class="longitude">61°40′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.117°N 61.667°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.117; -61.667</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/European_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="European colonization of the Americas">arrival of Europeans in the Americas</a>, Grenada was inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">indigenous peoples</a> from South America.<sup id="cite_ref-Hanna_Camerhogne_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hanna_Camerhogne-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a> sighted Grenada in 1498 during his <a href="/wiki/Voyages_of_Christopher_Columbus" title="Voyages of Christopher Columbus">third voyage</a> to the Americas.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following several unsuccessful attempts by Europeans to colonise the island due to resistance from resident <a href="/wiki/Island_Caribs" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Caribs">Island Caribs</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empire" title="French colonial empire">French</a> settlement and colonisation began in 1649 and continued for the next century.<sup id="cite_ref-grenada-french_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grenada-french-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 February 1763, Grenada was ceded to the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris</a>. British rule continued until 1974 (except for a <a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Grenada_(1779)" title="Capture of Grenada (1779)">brief French takeover</a> between 1779 and 1783).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, on 3 March 1967, it was granted full autonomy over its internal affairs as an <a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Associated_States" title="West Indies Associated States">Associated State</a>, and from 1958 to 1962, Grenada was part of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_the_West_Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Federation of the West Indies">Federation of the West Indies</a>, a short-lived federation of <a href="/wiki/British_West_Indies" title="British West Indies">British West Indian colonies</a>. </p><p>Independence was granted on 7 February 1974 under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Eric_Gairy" title="Eric Gairy">Eric Gairy</a>, who became the first <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Grenada" title="List of heads of government of Grenada">prime minister of Grenada</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">sovereign state</a>. The new country became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a> as head of state.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 1979, the <a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxist–Leninist</a> <a href="/wiki/New_Jewel_Movement" title="New Jewel Movement">New Jewel Movement</a> overthrew Gairy's government in a <a href="/wiki/Bloodless_coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloodless coup">bloodless <i>coup d'état</i></a> and established the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Revolutionary Government">People's Revolutionary Government</a> (PRG), headed by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bishop" title="Maurice Bishop">Maurice Bishop</a> as prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bishop was later arrested and executed by members of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Army_(Grenada)" title="People's Revolutionary Army (Grenada)">People's Revolutionary Army</a> (PRA), which was used to justify a <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Grenada" title="United States invasion of Grenada">U.S.-led invasion</a> in October 1983. Since then, the island has returned to a <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_system" title="Parliamentary system">parliamentary</a> <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative democracy</a> and has remained <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Grenada" title="Politics of Grenada">politically stable</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Governor General represents the Head of State. The country is currently headed by <a href="/wiki/King_Charles_III" class="mw-redirect" title="King Charles III">King Charles III</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Grenada">King of Grenada</a>, and 14 other <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">commonwealth realms</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origin of the name "Grenada" is obscure, but it is likely that Spanish sailors named the island for the <a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusian</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Granada" title="Granada">Granada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Crask-2009a_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crask-2009a-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name "Granada" was recorded by Spanish maps in the 1520s and referred to the islands to the north as <i>Los Granadillos</i> ("Little Granadas");<sup id="cite_ref-grenada-french_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grenada-french-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although those named islands were deemed the property of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Spain" title="Monarchy of Spain">King of Spain</a>, there are no records to suggest the Spanish ever attempted to settle Grenada.<sup id="cite_ref-Crask-2009b_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crask-2009b-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French maintained the name (as "La Grenade" in French) after settlement and colonisation in 1649.<sup id="cite_ref-grenada-french_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grenada-french-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 February 1763, the island of La Grenade was ceded to the British under the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1763)" title="Treaty of Paris (1763)">Treaty of Paris</a>. The British renamed it "Grenada", one of many place-name <a href="/wiki/Anglicisation" title="Anglicisation">anglicisations</a> they made there.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The island was given its first European name by <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Christopher Columbus</a> who sighted it on his <a href="/wiki/Voyages_of_Christopher_Columbus" title="Voyages of Christopher Columbus">third voyage</a> to the region in 1498 and named it "La Concepción" in honour of the <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Virgin Mary</a>. It is said that he may have actually named it "Assumpción", but it is uncertain, as he is said to have sighted what are now Grenada and Tobago from a distance and named them both at the same time. However, it became accepted that he named Tobago "Assumpción" and Grenada "La Concepción".<sup id="cite_ref-Crask-2009a_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crask-2009a-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The year after, Italian explorer <a href="/wiki/Amerigo_Vespucci" title="Amerigo Vespucci">Amerigo Vespucci</a> travelled through the region with the Spanish explorer <a href="/wiki/Alonso_de_Ojeda" title="Alonso de Ojeda">Alonso de Ojeda</a> and mapmaker <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_la_Cosa" title="Juan de la Cosa">Juan de la Cosa</a>. Vespucci is reported to have renamed the island "Mayo", although this is the only map where the name appears.<sup id="cite_ref-Crask-2009b_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crask-2009b-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The indigenous <a href="/wiki/Arawak" title="Arawak">Arawak</a> who once lived on the island before the arrival of the Europeans gave the name <i>Camajuya</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Grenada" title="History of Grenada">History of Grenada</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Precolumbian_history">Precolumbian history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Precolumbian history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grenada is thought to have been first populated by peoples from South America during the Caribbean <a href="/wiki/Ortoiroid_people" title="Ortoiroid people">Archaic Age</a>, although definitive evidence is lacking. The earliest potential human presence comes from <a href="/wiki/Proxy_(statistics)" title="Proxy (statistics)">proxy</a> evidence of lake cores, beginning <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 3600 BC</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Less ephemeral, permanent villages began <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 100–200</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hanna_Camerhogne_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hanna_Camerhogne-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population peaked between 750 and 1250, with major changes in population afterward, potentially the result of either the <a href="/wiki/Island_Caribs" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Caribs">"Carib Invasion"</a> (although highly contested),<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> regional droughts, or both.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_arrival">European arrival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: European arrival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1498, Christopher Columbus was the first European to report sighting Grenada during his third voyage, naming it 'La Concepción', but Amerigo Vespucci may have renamed it 'Mayo' in 1499.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although it was deemed the property of the King of Spain, there are no records to suggest the Spanish attempted to settle. However, various Europeans are known to have passed and both fought and traded with the indigenous peoples there.<sup id="cite_ref-grenada-french_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grenada-french-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first known settlement attempt was a failed venture by the English in 1609, but they were massacred and driven away by the native "Carib" peoples.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French_colony_(1649–1763)"><span id="French_colony_.281649.E2.80.931763.29"></span>French colony (1649–1763)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: French colony (1649–1763)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/French_West_Indies" title="French West Indies">French West Indies</a></div> <p>In 1649, a French expedition of 203 men from <a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Dyel_du_Parquet" title="Jacques Dyel du Parquet">Jacques Dyel du Parquet</a>, founded a permanent settlement on Grenada.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They signed a peace treaty with the Carib chief <a href="/wiki/Chief_Kairouane" title="Chief Kairouane">Kairouane</a>, but within months conflict broke out between the two communities.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200339–48_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200339–48-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This lasted until 1654 when the island was completely subjugated by the French.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–44_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–44-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Warfare continued during the 1600s between the French on Grenada and the Caribs of present-day <a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/History_of_chocolate" title="History of chocolate">Chocolate</a> was brought to Grenada in 1714 with the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Cocoa_bean" title="Cocoa bean">cocoa beans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The French named their <a href="/wiki/French_colonial_empires" class="mw-redirect" title="French colonial empires">new colony</a> La Grenade, and the economy was initially based on <a href="/wiki/Sugar_cane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar cane">sugar cane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indigo" title="Indigo">indigo</a>, worked by African slaves.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200359_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200359-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French established a capital known as Fort Royal (later St. George's). To shelter from hurricanes, the French navy would often take refuge in the capital's natural harbour, as no nearby French islands had a natural harbour to compare with that of Fort Royal. The British captured Grenada in the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a> in 1762.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_colonial_period">British colonial period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: British colonial period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Early_colonial_period">Early colonial period</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Early colonial period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/British_West_Indies" title="British West Indies">British West Indies</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Windward_Islands" title="British Windward Islands">British Windward Islands</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Federation" title="West Indies Federation">West Indies Federation</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Port_Saint-Georges_dans_l%27%C3%AEle_de_la_Grenade_en_1776.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Port_Saint-Georges_dans_l%27%C3%AEle_de_la_Grenade_en_1776.jpg/220px-Port_Saint-Georges_dans_l%27%C3%AEle_de_la_Grenade_en_1776.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Port_Saint-Georges_dans_l%27%C3%AEle_de_la_Grenade_en_1776.jpg/330px-Port_Saint-Georges_dans_l%27%C3%AEle_de_la_Grenade_en_1776.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Port_Saint-Georges_dans_l%27%C3%AEle_de_la_Grenade_en_1776.jpg/440px-Port_Saint-Georges_dans_l%27%C3%AEle_de_la_Grenade_en_1776.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1276" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>The island of Grenada and port Saint-Georges in 1776.</figcaption></figure> <p>Grenada was formally ceded to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Britain</a> by the Treaty of Paris in 1763.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The French <a href="/wiki/French_capture_of_Grenada_1779" class="mw-redirect" title="French capture of Grenada 1779">re-captured the island</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Comte_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Comte d'Estaing">Comte d'Estaing</a> won the bloody land and naval <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grenada" title="Battle of Grenada">Battle of Grenada</a> in July 1779.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the island was restored to Britain with the <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Peace of Paris (1783)">Treaty of Versailles</a> in 1783.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A decade later, dissatisfaction with British rule led to a <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9don%27s_rebellion" title="Fédon's rebellion">pro-French revolt</a> in 1795–96 led by <a href="/wiki/Julien_F%C3%A9don" title="Julien Fédon">Julien Fédon</a>, which was successfully defeated by the British.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Grenada's economy grew, more and more African slaves were forcibly transported to the island. Britain eventually outlawed the slave trade within the British Empire in 1807. Slavery was completely outlawed in 1833, leading to the emancipation of all enslaved by 1838.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To ease the subsequent labour shortage, migrants from India were brought to Grenada in 1857.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">Nutmeg</a> was introduced to Grenada in 1843 when a merchant ship called in on its way to England from the East Indies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ship had a small quantity of nutmeg trees on board, which they left in Grenada, and this was the beginning of Grenada's nutmeg industry that now supplies nearly 40% of the world's annual crop.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Later_colonial_period">Later colonial period</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Later colonial period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1877, Grenada was made a <a href="/wiki/Crown_colony" title="Crown colony">Crown colony</a>. <a href="/wiki/Theophilus_A._Marryshow" class="mw-redirect" title="Theophilus A. Marryshow">Theophilus A. Marryshow</a> founded the Representative Government Association (RGA) in 1918 to agitate for a new and participative constitutional dispensation for the Grenadian people.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to Marryshow's lobbying, the Wood Commission of 1921–22 concluded that Grenada was ready for constitutional reform in the form of a modified Crown colony government. This modification granted Grenadians the right to elect five of the 15 Legislative Council members on a restricted property franchise, enabling the wealthiest 4% of adult Grenadians to vote.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marryshow was named a <a href="/wiki/1943_Birthday_Honours#Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire_(CBE)" title="1943 Birthday Honours">Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1943</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1950, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Gairy" title="Eric Gairy">Eric Gairy</a> founded the <a href="/wiki/Grenada_United_Labour_Party" title="Grenada United Labour Party">Grenada United Labour Party</a> (GULP), initially as a trade union, which led to the 1951 <a href="/wiki/General_strike" title="General strike">general strike</a> for better working conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This sparked great unrest, and so many buildings were set ablaze that the disturbances became known as the "sky red" days. On 10 October 1951, Grenada held its <a href="/wiki/1951_Grenadian_general_election" title="1951 Grenadian general election">first general elections</a> based on universal adult suffrage,<sup id="cite_ref-bigdrumnation.org_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bigdrumnation.org-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Gairy's party winning six of the eight seats contested.<sup id="cite_ref-bigdrumnation.org_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bigdrumnation.org-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1958 to 1962, Grenada was part of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_the_West_Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Federation of the West Indies">Federation of the West Indies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the federation's collapse, Grenada was granted full autonomy over its internal affairs as an Associated State on 3 March 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Blaize" title="Herbert Blaize">Herbert Blaize</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Grenada_National_Party" title="Grenada National Party">Grenada National Party</a> (GNP) was the first Premier of the Associated State of Grenada from March to August 1967. Eric Gairy served as <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier of Grenada">Premier</a> from August 1967 until February 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-independence_era">Post-independence era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Post-independence era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1982-0610-101,_Berlin,_Besuch_Regierungsdelegation_Grenada,_Bootsfahrt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1982-0610-101%2C_Berlin%2C_Besuch_Regierungsdelegation_Grenada%2C_Bootsfahrt.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1982-0610-101%2C_Berlin%2C_Besuch_Regierungsdelegation_Grenada%2C_Bootsfahrt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1982-0610-101%2C_Berlin%2C_Besuch_Regierungsdelegation_Grenada%2C_Bootsfahrt.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1982-0610-101%2C_Berlin%2C_Besuch_Regierungsdelegation_Grenada%2C_Bootsfahrt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1982-0610-101%2C_Berlin%2C_Besuch_Regierungsdelegation_Grenada%2C_Bootsfahrt.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1982-0610-101%2C_Berlin%2C_Besuch_Regierungsdelegation_Grenada%2C_Bootsfahrt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="515" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bishop" title="Maurice Bishop">Maurice Bishop</a> visiting East Germany, 1982.</figcaption></figure> <p>Independence was granted on 7 February 1974 under the leadership of Eric Gairy, who became the first <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Grenada">prime minister of Grenada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grenada opted to remain within the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a>, retaining Queen Elizabeth as <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Grenada" title="Monarchy of Grenada">Monarch</a>, represented locally by a <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Grenada" title="Governor-General of Grenada">governor-general</a>. Civil conflict gradually broke out between Eric Gairy's government and some opposition parties, including the Marxist <a href="/wiki/New_Jewel_Movement" title="New Jewel Movement">New Jewel Movement</a> (NJM).<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gairy and the GULP won the <a href="/wiki/1976_Grenadian_general_election" title="1976 Grenadian general election">1976 Grenadian general election</a>, albeit with a reduced majority;<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, the opposition deemed the results invalid due to fraud and the violent intimidation performed by the so-called '<a href="/wiki/Mongoose_Gang" title="Mongoose Gang">Mongoose Gang</a>', a private militia loyal to Gairy.<sup id="cite_ref-N1_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-N1-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 March 1979, whilst Gairy was out of the country, the NJM launched a <a href="/wiki/Bloodless_coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloodless coup">bloodless coup</a> which removed Gairy, suspended the constitution, and established a <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Revolutionary Government">People's Revolutionary Government</a> (PRG), headed by <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bishop" title="Maurice Bishop">Maurice Bishop</a>, who declared himself prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His <a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxist–Leninist</a> government established close ties with <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Communist_bloc" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist bloc">communist bloc</a> countries.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All political parties except for the New Jewel Movement were banned and no elections were held during the four years of PRG rule. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Invasion_by_the_United_States_(1983)"><span id="Invasion_by_the_United_States_.281983.29"></span>Invasion by the United States (1983)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Invasion by the United States (1983)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Grenada" title="United States invasion of Grenada">United States invasion of Grenada</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eastern_Caribbean_Defense_Force.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Eastern_Caribbean_Defense_Force.jpg/220px-Eastern_Caribbean_Defense_Force.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Eastern_Caribbean_Defense_Force.jpg/330px-Eastern_Caribbean_Defense_Force.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Eastern_Caribbean_Defense_Force.jpg/440px-Eastern_Caribbean_Defense_Force.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3020" data-file-height="1950" /></a><figcaption>Members of the Eastern Caribbean Defence Force during the 1983 <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Grenada">invasion of Grenada</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Coup_and_execution_of_Maurice_Bishop">Coup and execution of Maurice Bishop</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Coup and execution of Maurice Bishop"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some years later,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (August 2021)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> a dispute developed between Bishop and certain high-ranking members of the NJM. Though Bishop cooperated with Cuba and the <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a> on various trade and foreign policy issues, he sought to maintain a <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">non-aligned status</a>. Hardline <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> party members, including <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communist</a> Deputy Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Coard" title="Bernard Coard">Bernard Coard</a>, deemed Bishop insufficiently revolutionary and demanded that he either step down or enter into a power-sharing arrangement.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 16 October 1983, Bernard Coard and his wife, Phyllis, backed by the Grenadian Army, led a coup against the government of Maurice Bishop and placed Bishop under <a href="/wiki/House_arrest" title="House arrest">house arrest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These actions led to street demonstrations in various parts of the island because Bishop had widespread support from the population. Because Bishop was a widely popular leader, he was freed by impassioned supporters who marched en masse to his guarded residence from a rally in the capital's central square. Bishop then led the crowd to the island's military headquarters to reassert his power. Grenadian soldiers were dispatched in armoured vehicles by the Coard faction to retake the fort. A confrontation between soldiers and civilians at the fort ended in gunfire and panic. Three soldiers and at least eight civilians died in the tumult that also injured 100 others, a school-sponsored study later found in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-LA_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LA-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the initial shooting ended with Bishop's surrender, he and a group of seven of his closest supporters were taken prisoner and executed by firing squad. Besides Bishop, the group included three of his cabinet ministers, a trade union leader, and three service-industry workers.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the execution of Bishop, the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Army_(Grenada)" title="People's Revolutionary Army (Grenada)">People's Revolutionary Army</a> (PRA) formed a military Marxist government with General <a href="/wiki/Hudson_Austin" title="Hudson Austin">Hudson Austin</a> as chairman. The army declared a four-day total curfew, during which anyone leaving their home without approval would be shot on sight.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States_and_allied_response_and_reaction">United States and allied response and reaction</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: United States and allied response and reaction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M102_howitzers_during_Operation_Urgent_Fury.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/M102_howitzers_during_Operation_Urgent_Fury.jpg/220px-M102_howitzers_during_Operation_Urgent_Fury.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/M102_howitzers_during_Operation_Urgent_Fury.jpg/330px-M102_howitzers_during_Operation_Urgent_Fury.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/M102_howitzers_during_Operation_Urgent_Fury.jpg/440px-M102_howitzers_during_Operation_Urgent_Fury.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="1990" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M102_howitzer" title="M102 howitzer">M102 howitzers</a> of <a href="/wiki/320th_Field_Artillery_Regiment" title="320th Field Artillery Regiment">320th Field Artillery Regiment</a> firing during the 1983 <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Grenada">invasion of Grenada</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>US President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> stated that particularly worrying was the presence of Cuban construction workers and military personnel building a 10,000-foot (3,000 m) <a href="/wiki/Point_Salines_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Point Salines International Airport">airstrip</a> on Grenada.<sup id="cite_ref-Gailey_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gailey-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bishop had stated the purpose of the airstrip was to allow commercial jets to land, but some US military analysts argued that the only reason for constructing such a long and reinforced runway was so that it could be used by heavy military transport planes. The contractors, American and European companies, and the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">EEC</a>, which provided partial funding, all claimed the airstrip did not have military capabilities. Reagan asserted that Cuba, under the direction of the Soviet Union, would use Grenada as a refuelling stop for Cuban and Soviet airplanes loaded with weapons destined for Central American communist insurgents.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a>, and Jamaica all appealed to the United States for assistance.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 October 1983, combined forces from the United States and the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Security_System" title="Regional Security System">Regional Security System</a> (RSS) based in Barbados invaded Grenada in an operation codenamed <i><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of Grenada">Operation Urgent Fury</a></i>. The US stated this was done at the behest of Barbados, <a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and Governor-General <a href="/wiki/Paul_Scoon" title="Paul Scoon">Paul Scoon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scoon had requested the invasion through secret diplomatic channels, but it was not made public for his safety.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Progress was rapid, and within four days the Americans had removed the military government of Hudson Austin. </p><p>The invasion was criticised by the governments of Britain,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a>, and Canada. The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> condemned it as "a flagrant violation of international law" by a vote of 108 to 9, with 27 abstentions.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> considered a similar resolution, which was supported by 11 countries. However, the United States vetoed the motion.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Post-invasion_arrests">Post-invasion arrests</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Post-invasion arrests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the invasion, the pre-revolutionary Grenadian constitution came into operation once again. Eighteen members of the PRG/PRA were arrested on charges related to the murder of Maurice Bishop and seven others. The 18 included the top political leadership of Grenada at the time of the execution, along with the entire military chain of command directly responsible for the operation that led to the executions. Fourteen were <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">sentenced to death</a>, one was found not guilty, and three were sentenced to 45 years in prison. The death sentences were eventually commuted to terms of imprisonment. Those in prison have become known as the "<a href="/wiki/Grenada_17" title="Grenada 17">Grenada 17</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_1983">Since 1983</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Since 1983"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When US troops withdrew from Grenada in December 1983, Governor-General Scoon appointed an interim advisory council chaired by <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Brathwaite" title="Nicholas Brathwaite">Nicholas Brathwaite</a> to organise new elections.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first democratic elections since 1976 were <a href="/wiki/1984_Grenadian_general_election" title="1984 Grenadian general election">held in December 1984</a>, and were won by the <a href="/wiki/New_National_Party_(Grenada)" title="New National Party (Grenada)">New National Party</a> under Herbert Blaize, who served as prime minister until his death in December 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-PP_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PP-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jan_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jan-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ben_Jones_(Grenada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ben Jones (Grenada)">Ben Jones</a> briefly succeeded Blaize as prime minister and served until the <a href="/wiki/1990_Grenadian_general_election" title="1990 Grenadian general election">March 1990 election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GovGrenada_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GovGrenada-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This election was won by the <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Congress_(Grenada)" title="National Democratic Congress (Grenada)">National Democratic Congress</a> under Nicholas Brathwaite, who served as prime minister until he resigned in February 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-jo_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jo-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/George_Brizan" title="George Brizan">George Brizan</a> for a brief period<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until the <a href="/wiki/1995_Grenadian_general_election" title="1995 Grenadian general election">June 1995 election</a> which was won by the <a href="/wiki/New_National_Party_(Grenada)" title="New National Party (Grenada)">New National Party</a> under <a href="/wiki/Keith_Mitchell" title="Keith Mitchell">Keith Mitchell</a>, who went on to win the <a href="/wiki/1999_Grenadian_general_election" title="1999 Grenadian general election">1999</a> and <a href="/wiki/2003_Grenadian_general_election" title="2003 Grenadian general election">2003 elections</a>, serving for a record 13 years until 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mitchell re-established relations with Cuba and also reformed the country's banking system, which had come under criticism over potential money laundering concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2000–02, much of the controversy of the late 1970s and early 1980s was once again brought into the public consciousness with the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Truth_and_reconciliation_commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Truth and reconciliation commission">truth and reconciliation commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commission was chaired by a <a href="/wiki/Holy_Orders" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Orders">Roman Catholic priest</a>, Father Mark Haynes, and was tasked with uncovering injustices arising from the PRA, Bishop's regime, and before. It held a number of hearings around the country. Brother Robert Fanovich, head of Presentation Brothers' College (PBC) in St. George's, tasked some of his senior students with conducting a research project into the era and specifically into the fact that Maurice Bishop's body was never discovered.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LA_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LA-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grenada_ivan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Grenada_ivan.jpg/220px-Grenada_ivan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Grenada_ivan.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="176" /></a><figcaption>Aftermath of Hurricane Ivan in Grenada.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 7 September 2004, after being hurricane-free for 49 years, the island was directly hit by <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ivan" title="Hurricane Ivan">Hurricane Ivan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ivan struck as a <a href="/wiki/Saffir-Simpson_Hurricane_Scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale">Category 3 hurricane</a>, resulting in 39 deaths and damage or destruction to 90% of the island's homes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 July 2005, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Emily_(2005)" title="Hurricane Emily (2005)">Hurricane Emily</a>, a Category 1 hurricane at the time, struck the northern part of the island with 80-knot (150 km/h; 92 mph) winds, killing one person and causing an estimated US$110 million (EC$297 million) worth of damage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events_27-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_Grenada:_Historical_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EmilyTCR_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EmilyTCR-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Agriculture, and in particular the nutmeg industry, suffered serious losses, but that event caused changes in crop management and it is hoped that as new nutmeg trees mature, the industry will gradually rebuild. On July 1, 2024, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Beryl_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane Beryl (2024)">Hurricane Beryl (2024)</a> struck the island of Carriacou, causing widespread damage across all of Grenada and Carriacou. On Carriacou, there was no electricity and limited communication. Throughout the rest of the country, 95% of customers had no power and telecommunications were also damaged.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_0701_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN_0701-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mitchell was defeated in the <a href="/wiki/2008_Grenadian_general_election" title="2008 Grenadian general election">2008 election</a> by the NDC under <a href="/wiki/Tillman_Thomas" title="Tillman Thomas">Tillman Thomas</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, he won the <a href="/wiki/2013_Grenadian_general_election" title="2013 Grenadian general election">2013 Grenadian general election</a> by a landslide and the NNP returned to power,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> winning again by another landslide <a href="/wiki/2018_Grenadian_general_election" title="2018 Grenadian general election">in 2018</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2020, <a href="/wiki/2020_coronavirus_pandemic_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 coronavirus pandemic in Grenada">Grenada confirmed its first case of COVID-19</a> and, as of 17 March 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, 13,921 cases and 217 deaths had been recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-Worldometer_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Worldometer-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 June 2022, the NDC won the <a href="/wiki/2022_Grenadian_general_election" title="2022 Grenadian general election">general election</a> under <a href="/wiki/Dickon_Mitchell" title="Dickon Mitchell">Dickon Mitchell</a>, who became prime minister the following day.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Grenada" title="Geography of Grenada">Geography of Grenada</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grenada-map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Grenada-map.png/220px-Grenada-map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Grenada-map.png/330px-Grenada-map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Grenada-map.png/440px-Grenada-map.png 2x" data-file-width="961" data-file-height="1191" /></a><figcaption>A map of Grenada.</figcaption></figure> <p>The island of Grenada is the southernmost island in the <a href="/wiki/Antilles" title="Antilles">Antilles</a> archipelago, bordering the eastern Caribbean Sea and the western Atlantic Ocean, and roughly 140 km (90 mi) north of both <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and Trinidad and Tobago. Its sister islands make up the southern section of the Grenadines, which include <a href="/wiki/Carriacou" title="Carriacou">Carriacou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petite_Martinique" title="Petite Martinique">Petite Martinique</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronde_Island" title="Ronde Island">Ronde Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caille_Island" title="Caille Island">Caille Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Island_(Grenadines)" title="Diamond Island (Grenadines)">Diamond Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Large_Island" title="Large Island">Large Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saline_Island" title="Saline Island">Saline Island</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Frigate_Island,_Grenada" title="Frigate Island, Grenada">Frigate Island</a>; the remaining islands to the north belong to St Vincent and the Grenadines. Most of the population lives in Grenada, and major towns there include the capital, St. George's, <a href="/wiki/Grenville,_Grenada" title="Grenville, Grenada">Grenville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gouyave" title="Gouyave">Gouyave</a>. The largest settlement on the sister islands is <a href="/wiki/Hillsborough,_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillsborough, Grenada">Hillsborough</a> on Carriacou. </p><p>Grenada is of <a href="/wiki/Volcanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcanic">volcanic</a> origin,<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as evident in its soil, mountainous interior, and several explosion craters, including Lake Antoine, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Etang_Lake" title="Grand Etang Lake">Grand Etang Lake</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Levera_Pond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levera Pond (page does not exist)">Levera Pond</a>. Grenada's highest point is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Saint_Catherine_(Grenada)" title="Mount Saint Catherine (Grenada)">Mount St. Catherine</a>, rising to 840 m (2,760 ft) above sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other major mountains include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Granby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Granby (page does not exist)">Mount Granby</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=South_East_Mountain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South East Mountain (page does not exist)">South East Mountain</a>. Several small rivers with waterfalls flow into the sea from these mountains. The coastline contains several bays, most notably on the southern coast, split into numerous thin peninsulas. </p><p>Grenada is home to four ecoregions: Windward Islands moist forests, Leeward Islands dry forests, Windward Islands dry forests, and Windward Islands xeric scrub.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had a 2018 <a href="/wiki/Forest_Landscape_Integrity_Index" title="Forest Landscape Integrity Index">Forest Landscape Integrity Index</a> mean score of 4.22/10, ranking it 131st globally out of 172 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grenada2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grenada2010.jpg/550px-Grenada2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grenada2010.jpg/825px-Grenada2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Grenada2010.jpg/1100px-Grenada2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="1632" /></a><figcaption>An aerial photo of the capital <a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Grenada" title="St. George's, Grenada">St. George's</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Climate" title="Climate">climate</a> is tropical: hot and humid in the <a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">dry season</a> and cooled by the moderate rainfall in the <a href="/wiki/Rainy_season" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainy season">rainy season</a>. Temperatures range from 22–32 °C (72–90 °F) and are rarely below 18 °C (64 °F). </p><p>Grenada lies at the southern edge of the <a href="/wiki/Main_Development_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Main Development Region">Main Development Region</a> for <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical cyclone</a> activity, though the island has suffered only four <a href="/wiki/Landfall" title="Landfall">landfalling</a> hurricanes in the last several decades.<sup id="cite_ref-G_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Janet" title="Hurricane Janet">Hurricane Janet</a> passed over Grenada on 23 September 1955, with winds of 185 km/h (115 mph), causing severe damage. The most recent storm to hit Grenada was <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Beryl" title="Hurricane Beryl">Hurricane Beryl</a> on 1 July 2024, a strong category 4 hurricane which set the record for the earliest forming Category 5 Hurricane in recorded history and the strongest hurricane to develop within the Main Development Region (MDR) of the Atlantic before the month of July. While all three inhabited Grenadian islands were impacted, it passed directly over the island of Carriacou causing total devastation and the damage and destruction of many vessels (both in water and ashore) in Tyrrel Bay and the Carriacou Mangroves. Petit Martinique also suffered considerable damage with much more limited damage occurring on the main island of Grenada, mainly on the windward and northern portions of the island. Grenada was also impacted by Hurricane Ivan on 7 September 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which caused severe damage and thirty-nine deaths, and Hurricane Emily on 14 July 2005, which peaked as a category 5 hurricane on July 16 over the greater Caribbean region. Hurricane Emily caused serious damage in Carriacou and in the north of Grenada, which had been relatively lightly affected by Hurricane Ivan; Grenada has had to be put on Tropical Storm Watch several times since.<sup id="cite_ref-G_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It took over five years to officially recover from Ivan, although recovery continued for decades after (e.g., the St. George's Anglican Church and the St Andrew’s Presbyterian Church (Scots Kirk) were restored in 2021).<sup id="cite_ref-Reliefweb_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reliefweb-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 1, 2024, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Beryl" title="Hurricane Beryl">Hurricane Beryl</a> slammed into Grenada, causing damage throughout the country but especially in Carriacou and Petite Martinique, where the eye of the storm passed.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beryl gained international attention, in part, because of its rapid intensification from a tropical storm to Category 4 hurricane within just a 48 hour period.<sup id="cite_ref-Sci_Am_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sci_Am-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna">Fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Grenada" title="List of mammals of Grenada">List of mammals of Grenada</a></div> <p>Like much of the Caribbean, Grenada is <a href="/wiki/Depauperate_ecosystem" title="Depauperate ecosystem">depauperate</a> of <a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Grenada" title="List of mammals of Grenada">large animals</a>. However, native <a href="/wiki/Opossums" class="mw-redirect" title="Opossums">opossums</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armadillos" class="mw-redirect" title="Armadillos">armadillos</a>, and introduced <a href="/wiki/Mona_monkey" title="Mona monkey">mona monkeys</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">mongooses</a> are common. As of June 2024, the avifauna of Grenada included a total of 199 species according to <i>Bird Checklists of the World</i>. Of these, one is <a href="/wiki/Endemism_in_birds" class="mw-redirect" title="Endemism in birds">endemic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grenada_dove" title="Grenada dove">Grenada dove</a>), one has been <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced</a> by humans (<a href="/wiki/Rock_Pigeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock Pigeon">Rock Pigeon</a>), and 130 are rare or <a href="/wiki/Vagrancy_(biology)" title="Vagrancy (biology)">accidental</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Grenada" title="Geology of Grenada">Geology of Grenada</a></div> <p>Approximately 2 million years ago, in the <a href="/wiki/Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene</a> era, the area of what is nowadays Grenada emerged from a <a href="/wiki/Shallow_sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Shallow sea">shallow sea</a> as a submarine volcano. In recent times, <a href="/wiki/Volcanism" title="Volcanism">volcanic activity</a> has been non-existent, except for some of its <a href="/wiki/Hot_spring" title="Hot spring">hot spring</a> and underwater volcano <a href="/wiki/Kick_%27em_Jenny" title="Kick 'em Jenny">Kick 'em Jenny</a>. Most of Grenada's terrain is made up of volcanic activity that took place 1–2 million years ago.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> There would have been many unknown volcanoes responsible for the formation of Grenada including Grenada's capital St. George's with its horseshoe-shaped harbour, the carenage. Two extinct volcanoes, which are now crater lakes, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Etang_Lake" title="Grand Etang Lake">Grand Etang Lake</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lake_Antoine,_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lake Antoine, Grenada (page does not exist)">Lake Antoine</a>, would have also contributed to the formation of Grenada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Grenada" title="Politics of Grenada">Politics of Grenada</a></div> <p>Grenada is a constitutional monarchy with <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> as <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a>, represented locally by a <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Grenada" title="Governor-General of Grenada">governor-general</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive power</a> lies with the head of government, the <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Grenada">prime minister</a>. The governor-general role is mainly ceremonial, while the prime minister is usually the leader of the largest party in <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Grenada" title="Parliament of Grenada">Parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Parliament of Grenada consists of a Senate (13 members) and a House of Representatives (15 members). The government and the opposition recommend appoints of senators to the governor-general, while the population elect representatives for five-year terms.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grenada operates a multi-party system, with the largest parties being the centre-right New National Party (NNP) and the centre-left National Democratic Congress (NDC).<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2013, the governing <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Congress_(Grenada)" title="National Democratic Congress (Grenada)">National Democratic Congress</a> (NDC) lost the <a href="/wiki/2013_Grenadian_general_election" title="2013 Grenadian general election">election</a>. The opposition <a href="/wiki/New_National_Party_(Grenada)" title="New National Party (Grenada)">New National Party</a> (NNP) won all 15 seats in the general election. <a href="/wiki/Keith_Mitchell" title="Keith Mitchell">Keith Mitchell</a>, leader of NNP, who had served three terms as prime minister between 1995 and 2008, returned to power.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mitchell subsequently led NNP to win all 15 seats in the House of Representatives again in <a href="/wiki/2018_Grenadian_general_election" title="2018 Grenadian general election">2018</a>, marking three separate occasions on which he had achieved this feat. </p><p>In November 2021, Prime Minister Keith Mitchell said that the upcoming general elections which were constitutionally due no later than June 2023, was to be the last one for him.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mitchell advised the governor-general on 16 May 2022 to dissolve Parliament a year earlier than the constitutional requirement.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The New National Party subsequently lost the <a href="/wiki/2022_Grenadian_general_election" title="2022 Grenadian general election">2022 election</a> to the National Democratic Congress, with the NDC winning 9 seats to the NNP’s 6. <a href="/wiki/Dickon_Mitchell" title="Dickon Mitchell">Dickon Mitchell</a>, a political newcomer who had only taken over as leader of the National Democratic Congress less than a year before the election and never held elected office, was subsequently appointed prime minister. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_relations">Foreign relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Foreign relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Grenada" title="Foreign relations of Grenada">Foreign relations of Grenada</a></div> <p>Grenada is a full and participating member of both the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community</a> (CARICOM) and the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States" title="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States">Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States</a> (OECS).<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Commonwealth">The Commonwealth</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: The Commonwealth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grenada, along with much of the Caribbean region, is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a>. The organisation primarily consists of former British colonies and focuses on fostering international relations between its members. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Organization_of_American_States_(OAS)"><span id="Organization_of_American_States_.28OAS.29"></span>Organization of American States (OAS)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Organization of American States (OAS)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grenada is one of the 35 states which has ratified the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">OAS</a> charter and is a member of the Organization.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grenada entered into the Inter-American system in 1975 according to the OAS's website.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Double_Taxation_Relief_(CARICOM)_Treaty"><span id="Double_Taxation_Relief_.28CARICOM.29_Treaty"></span>Double Taxation Relief (CARICOM) Treaty</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Double Taxation Relief (CARICOM) Treaty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 6 July 1994 at <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Erskine_Sandiford_Centre" title="Lloyd Erskine Sandiford Centre">Sherbourne Conference Centre</a> in St. Michael, <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Brizan" title="George Brizan">George Brizan</a> signed the Double Taxation Relief (CARICOM) Treaty on behalf of the Government of Grenada.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This treaty covered concepts such as taxes, residence, tax jurisdictions, capital gains, business profits, interest, dividends, royalties and other areas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="FATCA">FATCA</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: FATCA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 30 June 2014, Grenada formally signed a Model 1 agreement with the United States of America to enable the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Account_Tax_Compliance_Act" title="Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act">Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act</a> (FATCA).<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="ALBA">ALBA</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: ALBA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2014, Grenada joined <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Peoples_of_Our_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America">Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America</a> (ALBA) as a full member. Prime Minister Mitchell said that the membership was a natural extension of the cooperation Grenada has had over the years with both Cuba and Venezuela.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military">Military</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Grenada has no standing military, leaving typical military functions to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Grenada_Police_Force" title="Royal Grenada Police Force">Royal Grenada Police Force</a> (RGFP) and the <a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_of_Grenada" title="Coast Guard of Grenada">Coast Guard of Grenada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Special Service Unit (SSU) of the RGFP wear combat uniforms and participate in the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Security_System" title="Regional Security System">Regional Security System</a> (RSS), a military defence body of the Eastern Caribbean (who participated in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Grenada" title="United States invasion of Grenada">United States invasion of Grenada</a> in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, Grenada signed the UN treaty on the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Prohibition_of_Nuclear_Weapons" title="Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons">Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Parishes_of_Grenada" title="Parishes of Grenada">Parishes of Grenada</a></div> <p>Grenada is divided into <a href="/wiki/Parishes_of_Grenada" title="Parishes of Grenada">six parishes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area known as <a href="/wiki/Carriacou_and_Petite_Martinique" title="Carriacou and Petite Martinique">Carriacou and Petite Martinique</a> (<i>not pictured</i>) has the status of a dependency.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grenada Parishes"><img alt="Grenada Parishes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Grenada_parishes_named.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="412" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="412" usemap="#ImageMap_2f062cb7a564467a" resource="/wiki/File:Grenada_parishes_named.png" /></span><map name="ImageMap_2f062cb7a564467a"><area href="/wiki/Saint_Andrew_Parish,_Grenada" shape="circle" coords="165,260,40" alt="Saint Andrew" title="Saint Andrew" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_David_Parish,_Grenada" shape="poly" coords="114,312,132,303,160,312,183,327,186,341,181,344,177,351,175,358,174,359,162,366,156,368,143,370,134,371,129,371,123,373,121,371,117,368,115,366,111,365,111,369,109,365,107,364,105,361" alt="Saint David" title="Saint David" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_George_Parish,_Grenada" shape="poly" coords="5,383,31,262,46,264,59,265,71,266,82,267,91,264,99,266,110,273,114,277,116,291,116,304,110,319,107,331,105,338,102,347,100,357,100,362,103,369,108,378,113,384,113,393,112,398,97,404,81,407,63,408,38,406,30,408,22,409,11,404,7,405" alt="Saint George" title="Saint George" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_John_Parish,_Grenada" shape="poly" coords="67,257,73,245,80,237,85,228,83,211,91,202,94,199,95,196,105,197,114,202,119,203,121,204,124,206,128,207,130,209,133,215,135,223,132,228,129,236,126,240,120,254,119,257,113,259,77,259" alt="Saint John" title="Saint John" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_Mark_Parish,_Grenada" shape="poly" coords="95,181,136,140,143,148,145,153,146,158,149,164,149,173,148,186,148,193,147,197,144,204,143,207,141,209" alt="Saint Mark" title="Saint Mark" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick_Parish,_Grenada" shape="poly" coords="150,197,152,0,154,0,174,3,186,3,204,3,223,5,243,9,253,11,267,12,296,18,298,33,297,61,296,83,297,107,297,128,298,152,294,173,294,184" alt="Saint Patrick" title="Saint Patrick" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_Andrew_Parish,_Grenada" shape="poly" coords="151,202,140,301,169,310,183,315,202,318,219,312,228,299,237,268,240,252,246,210,247,197,247,189" alt="Saint Andrew" title="Saint Andrew" /></map><figcaption>Grenada Parishes</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_rights">Human rights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Human rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Grenada">LGBT rights in Grenada</a></div> <p>Homosexuality is illegal in Grenada and punishable by imprisonment.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, the country scored 89 out of 100 in the Freedom ratings.<sup id="cite_ref-freedomhouse_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-freedomhouse-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Grenada" title="Economy of Grenada">Economy of Grenada</a></div> <p>Grenada has a small economy in which tourism is the major <a href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange_market" title="Foreign exchange market">foreign exchange</a> earner.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Major short-term concerns are the rising <a href="/wiki/Government_budget_deficit" class="mw-redirect" title="Government budget deficit">fiscal deficit</a> and the deterioration in the external account balance. Grenada shares a common <a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">central bank</a> and a common currency (the <a href="/wiki/East_Caribbean_dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="East Caribbean dollar">East Caribbean dollar</a>) with seven other members of the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States" title="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States">Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States</a> (OECS).<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Grenada has suffered from a heavy external debt problem, with government debt service payments running at about 25% of total revenues in 2017; Grenada was listed as ninth from bottom in a study of 126 developing countries.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture_and_exports">Agriculture and exports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Agriculture and exports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Myris_fragr_Fr_080112-3294_ltn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Myris_fragr_Fr_080112-3294_ltn.jpg/220px-Myris_fragr_Fr_080112-3294_ltn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Myris_fragr_Fr_080112-3294_ltn.jpg/330px-Myris_fragr_Fr_080112-3294_ltn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Myris_fragr_Fr_080112-3294_ltn.jpg/440px-Myris_fragr_Fr_080112-3294_ltn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1144" /></a><figcaption>Opened <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a> fruit, showing the <a href="/wiki/Seed" title="Seed">seed</a> and the red <a href="/wiki/Aril" title="Aril">aril</a> used for <a href="/wiki/Mace_(spice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mace (spice)">mace</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Grenada is an exporter of several different spices, most notably <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a>, its top export and depicted on the national flag, and <a href="/wiki/Mace_(spice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mace (spice)">mace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-britannica.com_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica.com-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other major exports include bananas, cocoa, fruit and vegetables, clothing, chocolate and fish.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nutmeg_Industry">Nutmeg Industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Nutmeg Industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to a case study released in November 2003,<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the nutmeg industry in Grenada provided a major source of foreign exchange earnings to the country and acted as a livelihood for a significant portion of the population. The majority of Grenada nutmeg producers are small (e.g. 74.2% of growers have sales volumes of <500 lbs per year, accounting for 21.77% of total production). Only 3.3% of growers have sales over 2500 lbs per year (accounting for 40% of the total output). </p><p>At the time the study was released, the majority of the production of nutmeg from within Grenada was derived from four companies: </p> <ul><li>Grenada Co-operative Nutmeg Association (GCNA) ;</li> <li>West India Spices (formerly W & W Spices, renamed in 2011 following purchase by St Bernard family. Re-sold in 2015 and name maintained);<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Noelville Ltd ;</li> <li>De La Grenada Industries.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tourism is the mainstay of Grenada's economy.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conventional beach and water-sports tourism is largely focused in the southwest region around St George, the airport, and the coastal strip. <a href="/wiki/Ecotourism" title="Ecotourism">Ecotourism</a> is growing in significance.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Grenada has many beaches around its coastline, including the 3 km (1.9 mi) long Grand Anse Beach in St. George's, often described as one of the best beaches in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grenada's many waterfalls are also popular with tourists. The nearest to St. George's is the Annandale Waterfalls; others include Mt. Carmel, Concord, Tufton Hall and St Margaret's also known as Seven Sisters.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Anse_Beach_Grenada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Grand_Anse_Beach_Grenada.jpg/220px-Grand_Anse_Beach_Grenada.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Grand_Anse_Beach_Grenada.jpg/330px-Grand_Anse_Beach_Grenada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Grand_Anse_Beach_Grenada.jpg/440px-Grand_Anse_Beach_Grenada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Grand Anse Beach, St. George's.</figcaption></figure> <p>Several festivals also draw in tourists, such as Grenada's Carnival Spice Mas in August,<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carriacou Maroon and String Band Music Festival in April,<sup id="cite_ref-grenadagrenadines_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grenadagrenadines-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Annual Budget Marine Spice Island Billfish Tournament,<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Island Water World Sailing Week,<sup id="cite_ref-grenadasailingweek.com_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grenadasailingweek.com-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Grenada Sailing Festival Work Boat Regatta.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Grenada" title="Education in Grenada">Education in Grenada</a></div> <p>Education in Grenada consists of kindergarten, pre-primary school, primary school, secondary school, and tertiary education. The government spent 10.3% of its budget on education in 2016, the third highest rate in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Literacy rates are very high, with 98.6% of the population being able to read and write.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Travel">Air Travel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Air Travel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bishop_International_Airport" title="Maurice Bishop International Airport">Maurice Bishop International Airport</a> is the country's main airport,<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> connecting the country with other Caribbean islands, the United States, Canada, and Europe. There is also an airport on Carriacou called Lauriston Airport.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buses">Buses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Buses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A semi-organized bus system exists on the island running 9 zones with a total of 44 routes.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Buses are privately owned, high-volume (usually 17) passenger vehicles which display a large, circled, zone number sticker on the windshield of the vehicle and generally operate from about 8AM to 8 PM. The cost per person, per segment is $2.50 XCD (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_dollar" title="Eastern Caribbean dollar">Eastern Caribbean Dollar</a>) and is paid to the "conductor", whom usually sits in the first row of main passenger space (so they can open the sliding door) or in the front passenger seat. This conductor can be told where you would like to stop, or a stop can be requested by banging (with a non-ring wearing hand) on the ceiling or wall of the vehicle. It is not uncommon for a passing bus to honk at or for the conductor to yell out the window to a walking person to determine if there is interest in a ride. </p><p>Since most buses are privately owned, it is not uncommon for drivers to have installed upgraded sound systems with more than adequate volume. </p><p>A separate 3 zone/route system exists on the Grenada island of <a href="/wiki/Carriacou" title="Carriacou">Carriacou</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxis">Taxis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Taxis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taxis are available through the island, and will display a Taxi sticker in the windshield. Haylup, a Grenada-developed ride-sharing service similar to <a href="/wiki/Uber" title="Uber">Uber</a> or <a href="/wiki/Lyft" title="Lyft">Lyft</a> is also an available option for the main tourist areas of the island. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Grenada" title="Demographics of Grenada">Demographics of Grenada</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Afro-Grenadians" title="Afro-Grenadians">Afro-Grenadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indo-Grenadians" title="Indo-Grenadians">Indo-Grenadians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Grenada" title="List of cities in Grenada">List of cities in Grenada</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carriacou_Scene.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Carriacou_Scene.jpg/220px-Carriacou_Scene.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Carriacou_Scene.jpg/330px-Carriacou_Scene.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Carriacou_Scene.jpg/440px-Carriacou_Scene.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>A view of <a href="/wiki/Carriacou" title="Carriacou">Carriacou</a>, with other Grenadine islands visible in the distance.</figcaption></figure> <p>A majority of Grenadians (82%) are primarily descended from <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">enslaved Africans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Few of the indigenous population remained after the successful French colonisation of the island in the 17th century. A small percentage of descendants of <a href="/wiki/Indian_indenture_system" title="Indian indenture system">indentured workers from India</a> were brought to Grenada between 1857 and 1885, predominantly from the states of <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Today, Grenadians of Indian descent constitute 2.2% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a small community of French and English descendants.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada_26-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_Britannica_-_Grenada-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rest of the population is of mixed descent (13%).<sup id="cite_ref-cia.gov_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia.gov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Grenada, like many of the Caribbean islands, is subject to a large amount of out-migration, with a large number of young people seeking more prospects abroad. Popular migration points for Grenadians include more prosperous islands in the Caribbean (such as Barbados), North American cities (such as New York City, Toronto and <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>), the United Kingdom (in particular, London and <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire" title="Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> see <a href="/wiki/Grenadian_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenadian British">Grenadians in the UK</a>) and Australia.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:grey; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 283.33388210251px; border-left-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 227.1597302733px; border-left-color:red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 187.44080219943px; border-left-color:silver"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:silver"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:silver"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 155.40779058166px; border-left-color:black"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:black"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:black"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 74.59201717918px; border-left-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Purple"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 1987.7609902728px 100px 0; border-right-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Religion in Grenada (2011 estimate)<sup id="cite_ref-CIATONGA_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIATONGA-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DodgerBlue; color:black;"> </span> Protestant (49.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Purple; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in Grenada">Roman Catholic</a> (36%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:black; color:white;"> </span> none (5.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;"> </span> unspecified (1.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:red; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witness" class="mw-redirect" title="Jehovah's Witness">Jehovah's Witness</a> (1.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:yellow; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a> (1.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:grey; color:black;"> </span> other (incl. <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afro-American_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-American religions">Afro-American religions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>) (5.5%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>Figures are 2011 estimates<sup id="cite_ref-CIATONGA_111-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIATONGA-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> 49.2%; includes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a> 17.2%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh Day Adventist</a> 13.2%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> 8.5%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a> 3.2%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_in_Christ" title="Church of God in Christ">Church of God</a> 2.4%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical">Evangelical</a> 1.9%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a> 1.6%</li> <li>Other 1.2%</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in Grenada">Roman Catholic</a> 36%</li> <li>none 5.7%</li> <li>unspecified 1.3%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witness" class="mw-redirect" title="Jehovah's Witness">Jehovah's Witness</a> 1.2%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a> 1.2%</li> <li>Other (incl. <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afro-American_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-American religions">Afro-American religions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>) 5.5%</li></ul> <p>In 2022, Grenada was awarded a score of four out of four for religious freedom by the Freedom House organization.<sup id="cite_ref-freedomhouse_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-freedomhouse-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>English is the country's official language,<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the primary spoken language is either of two <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole languages</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_English" title="Grenadian Creole English">Grenadian Creole English</a> and, less frequently, <a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_French" title="Grenadian Creole French">Grenadian Creole French</a>) (sometimes called 'patois') which reflects the African, European, and native heritage of the nation. The creoles contain elements from a variety of African languages, French and English.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grenadian Creole French is only spoken in smaller rural areas in the north.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Hindustani" title="Caribbean Hindustani">Hindustani</a> terms are still spoken amongst the descendants of the Indo-Grenadian community.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The indigenous languages were <a href="/wiki/I%C3%B1eri_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Iñeri language">Iñeri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karina_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Karina language">Karina</a> (Carib).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Grenada" title="Culture of Grenada">Culture of Grenada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Grenada" title="Music of Grenada">Music of Grenada</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GrenadaCarnival1965FeatheredHeaddresses.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/GrenadaCarnival1965FeatheredHeaddresses.jpg/220px-GrenadaCarnival1965FeatheredHeaddresses.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/GrenadaCarnival1965FeatheredHeaddresses.jpg/330px-GrenadaCarnival1965FeatheredHeaddresses.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/GrenadaCarnival1965FeatheredHeaddresses.jpg/440px-GrenadaCarnival1965FeatheredHeaddresses.jpg 2x" data-file-width="903" data-file-height="863" /></a><figcaption>A carnival in 1965.</figcaption></figure> <p>Island culture is heavily influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_of_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups of Africa">African</a> roots of most of the Grenadians, coupled with the country's long experience of colonial rule under the British. Although French influence on Grenadian culture is much less visible than in some other <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribbean islands">Caribbean islands</a>, surnames and place names in French remain, and the everyday language is laced with French words and the local Creole or Patois.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stronger French influence is found in the well seasoned <a href="/wiki/Spice" title="Spice">spicy food</a> and styles of cooking similar to those found in <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, and some French architecture has survived from the 1700s.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Indian and <a href="/wiki/Island_Caribs" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Caribs">Carib Amerindian</a> influence is also seen, especially in the island's cuisine. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Oil_down" title="Oil down">Oil down</a>, a stew, is considered the national dish.<sup id="cite_ref-Gov.gd_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gov.gd-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name refers to a dish cooked in coconut milk until all the milk is absorbed, leaving a bit of coconut oil in the bottom of the pot. Early recipes call for a mixture of salted pigtail, pig's feet (trotters), salt beef and chicken, dumplings made from flour, and provisions like breadfruit, green banana, yam and potatoes. <a href="/wiki/Callaloo" title="Callaloo">Callaloo</a> leaves are sometimes used to retain the steam and add extra flavour.<sup id="cite_ref-Gov.gd_114-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gov.gd-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Soca_music" title="Soca music">Soca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calypso_music" title="Calypso music">calypso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaiso" title="Kaiso">kaiso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">reggae</a> are popular music genres and are played at Grenada's annual <a href="/wiki/Carnival" title="Carnival">Carnival</a>. Over the years, <a href="/wiki/Rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Rap">rap</a> music became popular amongst Grenadian youths, and numerous young rappers have emerged in the island's underground rap scene.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Zouk_(musical_movement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zouk (musical movement)">Zouk</a> is also being slowly introduced onto the island.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>An important aspect of the Grenadian culture is the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Storytelling" title="Storytelling">storytelling</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">folk tales</a> bearing both African and French influences.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The character <i><a href="/wiki/Anansi" title="Anansi">Anancy</a></i>, a spider who is a <a href="/wiki/Trickster" title="Trickster">trickster</a>, originated in West Africa and is prevalent on other islands as well. French influence can be seen in <i><a href="/wiki/La_Diablesse" title="La Diablesse">La Diablesse</a></i>, a well-dressed she-<a href="/wiki/Devil" title="Devil">devil</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Loogaroo" class="mw-redirect" title="Loogaroo">Loogaroo</a></i> (from "loup-garou"), a <a href="/wiki/Werewolf" title="Werewolf">werewolf</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Grenada" title="List of newspapers in Grenada">List of newspapers in Grenada</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olympics">Olympics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Olympics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Grenada_at_the_Olympics" title="Grenada at the Olympics">Grenada at the Olympics</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kirani_James_Daegu_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Kirani_James_Daegu_2011.jpg/170px-Kirani_James_Daegu_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Kirani_James_Daegu_2011.jpg/255px-Kirani_James_Daegu_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Kirani_James_Daegu_2011.jpg/340px-Kirani_James_Daegu_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="426" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Kirani James, noted Grenadian sprinter.</figcaption></figure> <p>Grenada has competed in every Summer Olympics since the <a href="/wiki/Grenada_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="Grenada at the 1984 Summer Olympics">1984 Summer Olympics</a> in Los Angeles. <a href="/wiki/Kirani_James" title="Kirani James">Kirani James</a> won the first Olympic <a href="/wiki/Gold_medal" title="Gold medal">gold medal</a> for Grenada in the <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_400_metres" title="Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres">men's 400 meters</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a> in London, the silver medal in the <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_400_metres" title="Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres">men's 400 meters</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a> in Rio de Janeiro<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the bronze medal in the <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_400_metres" title="Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres">men's 400 meters</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">2020 Summer Olympics</a> in Tokyo.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anderson_Peters" title="Anderson Peters">Anderson Peters</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lindon_Victor" title="Lindon Victor">Lindon Victor</a> also won bronze medals in the men's javelin throw and decathlon respectively at the <a href="/wiki/2024_Summer_Olympics" title="2024 Summer Olympics">2024 Summer Olympics</a> in France.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cricket">Cricket</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Cricket"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cricket_in_the_West_Indies" title="Cricket in the West Indies">Cricket in the West Indies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windward_Islands_cricket_team" title="Windward Islands cricket team">Windward Islands cricket team</a></div> <p>As with other islands from the Caribbean, <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> is the national and most popular sport and is an intrinsic part of Grenadian culture. The <a href="/wiki/Grenada_national_cricket_team" title="Grenada national cricket team">Grenada national cricket team</a> forms a part of the <a href="/wiki/Windward_Islands_cricket_team" title="Windward Islands cricket team">Windward Islands cricket team</a> in regional domestic cricket; however, it plays as a separate entity in minor regional matches,<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as having previously played <a href="/wiki/Twenty20" title="Twenty20">Twenty20</a> cricket in the <a href="/wiki/Stanford_20/20" title="Stanford 20/20">Stanford 20/20</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Grenada_National_Cricket_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenada National Cricket Stadium">Grenada National Cricket Stadium</a> in St. George's hosts domestic and international cricket matches. <a href="/wiki/Devon_Smith" title="Devon Smith">Devon Smith</a>, record holder for top runs scored in regional first class cricket competitions, was born in the small town of <a href="/wiki/Hermitage_(Carriacou)" title="Hermitage (Carriacou)">Hermitage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> T20 World Cup winning allrounder <a href="/wiki/Afy_Fletcher" title="Afy Fletcher">Afy Fletcher</a> was also born and raised in La Fillette, St Andrews.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2007, Grenada jointly hosted (along with several other Caribbean states) the <a href="/wiki/2007_Cricket_World_Cup" title="2007 Cricket World Cup">2007 Cricket World Cup</a>. The Island's prime minister was the <a href="/wiki/CARICOM" class="mw-redirect" title="CARICOM">CARICOM</a> representative on cricket and was instrumental in bringing the World Cup games to the region. After Hurricane Ivan, the government of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> (PRC) paid for the new $40 million <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Park,_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Park, Grenada">national stadium</a> and provided the aid of over 300 labourers to build and repair it.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the opening ceremony, the anthem of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a> (ROC, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>) was accidentally played instead of the PRC's anthem, leading to the firing of top officials.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Grenada_national_football_team" title="Grenada national football team">Grenada national football team</a></div> <p>Football is also a very popular sport in Grenada.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/32px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/48px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/64px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png 2x" data-file-width="891" data-file-height="561" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Caribbean" title="Portal:Caribbean">Caribbean portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Grenada" title="Outline of Grenada">Outline of Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Grenada-related_articles" title="Index of Grenada-related articles">Index of Grenada-related articles</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As a <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realm</a> Grenada retains "God Save the King" as its royal anthem by precedent, with the song played in the presence of members of the royal family. The words <i>King</i>, <i>him</i> and <i>his</i> used at present (in the reign of King Charles III) are replaced by <i>Queen</i>, <i>she</i> and <i>hers</i> when the monarch is female.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glosbe.com/en/gcl/Grenada">"Grenadian Creole English - English Dictionary"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grenadian+Creole+English+-+English+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglosbe.com%2Fen%2Fgcl%2FGrenada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.gd">"Government of Grenada Website"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Government+of+Grenada+Website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.gd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/national-anthem">"National anthem"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=National+anthem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffield%2Fnational-anthem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v=aVOv5yRA7Pw&t"><span class="plainlinks">"King Charles III visits Grenada Parliament, Caribbean Royal Tour 2019"</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia.gov-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cia.gov_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cia.gov_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/grenada/">"Grenada - The World Factbook"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i>. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Grenada+-+The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fgrenada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thearda.com/world-religion/national-profiles?u=95c">"World Religion Database, National Profile"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Religion+Database%2C+National+Profile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thearda.com%2Fworld-religion%2Fnational-profiles%3Fu%3D95c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090910073752/http://www.gov.gd/about_grenada.html">"About Grenada, Carriacou & Petite Martinique"</a>. <i>Gov.gd</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.gd/about_grenada.html">the original</a> on 10 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gov.gd&rft.atitle=About+Grenada%2C+Carriacou+%26+Petite+Martinique&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.gd%2Fabout_grenada.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/">"World Population Prospects 2022"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a>, Population Division<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Population+Prospects+2022&rft.pub=United+Nations+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs%2C+Population+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx">"World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XSLX)</span> ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Department_of_Economic_and_Social_Affairs" title="United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs">United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs</a>, Population Division<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Population+Prospects+2022%3A+Demographic+indicators+by+region%2C+subregion+and+country%2C+annually+for+1950-2100&rft.pub=United+Nations+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs%2C+Population+Division&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2FDownload%2FFiles%2F1_Indicators%2520%28Standard%29%2FEXCEL_FILES%2F1_General%2FWPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=328,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2024&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"World Economic Outlook October 2023 (Grenada)"</a>. International Monetary Fund. October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2023%2F24&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2024-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2023-24reporten.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_-_Grenada_13-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/grenada/">"CIA World Factbook – Grenada"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CIA+World+Factbook+%E2%80%93+Grenada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fgrenada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica.com-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-britannica.com_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannica.com_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Grenada">"Grenada | History, Geography, & Points of Interest"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Grenada+%7C+History%2C+Geography%2C+%26+Points+of+Interest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FGrenada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hanna_Camerhogne-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hanna_Camerhogne_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hanna_Camerhogne_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanna2019" class="citation journal cs1">Hanna, Jonathan A. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaa.2019.101075">"Camáhogne's Chronology: The Radiocarbon Settlement Sequence on Grenada"</a>. <i>The Journal of Anthropological Archaeology</i>. <b>55</b>: 101075. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaa.2019.101075">10.1016/j.jaa.2019.101075</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:198785950">198785950</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Anthropological+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Cam%C3%A1hogne%27s+Chronology%3A+The+Radiocarbon+Settlement+Sequence+on+Grenada&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=101075&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaa.2019.101075&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A198785950%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Hanna&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jaa.2019.101075&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grenada-french-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-grenada-french_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grenada-french_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grenada-french_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-grenada-french_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin2013" class="citation book cs1">Martin, John Angus (2013). <i>Island Caribs and French Settlers in Grenada: 1498-1763</i>. St George's, Grenada: Grenada National Museum Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781490472003" title="Special:BookSources/9781490472003"><bdi>9781490472003</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Island+Caribs+and+French+Settlers+in+Grenada%3A+1498-1763&rft.place=St+George%27s%2C+Grenada&rft.pub=Grenada+National+Museum+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781490472003&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=John+Angus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESteele200335–36_17-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSteele2003">Steele 2003</a>, pp. 35–36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacobs2015" class="citation cs2">Jacobs, Curtis (1 January 2015), "Grenada, 1949–1979: Precursor to Revolution", <i>The Grenada Revolution</i>, University Press of Mississippi, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.14325%2Fmississippi%2F9781628461510.003.0002">10.14325/mississippi/9781628461510.003.0002</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62846-151-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62846-151-0"><bdi>978-1-62846-151-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Grenada+Revolution&rft.atitle=Grenada%2C+1949%E2%80%931979%3A+Precursor+to+Revolution&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.14325%2Fmississippi%2F9781628461510.003.0002&rft.isbn=978-1-62846-151-0&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Curtis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crask-2009a-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crask-2009a_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crask-2009a_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrask2009" class="citation book cs1">Crask, Paul (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grenadacarriacou0000cras"><i>Grenada, Carriacou and Petite Martinique</i></a></span>. Bradt Travel Guides. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grenadacarriacou0000cras/page/5">5</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781841622743" title="Special:BookSources/9781841622743"><bdi>9781841622743</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grenada%2C+Carriacou+and+Petite+Martinique&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Bradt+Travel+Guides&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781841622743&rft.aulast=Crask&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgrenadacarriacou0000cras&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crask-2009b-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crask-2009b_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crask-2009b_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrask2009" class="citation book cs1">Crask, Paul (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grenadacarriacou0000cras"><i>Grenada, Carriacou and Petite Martinique</i></a></span>. Bradt Travel Guides. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grenadacarriacou0000cras/page/6">6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781841622743" title="Special:BookSources/9781841622743"><bdi>9781841622743</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grenada%2C+Carriacou+and+Petite+Martinique&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Bradt+Travel+Guides&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781841622743&rft.aulast=Crask&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgrenadacarriacou0000cras&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrask2009" class="citation book cs1">Crask, Paul (2009). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grenadacarriacou0000cras"><i>Grenada, Carriacou and Petite Martinique</i></a></span>. Bradt Travel Guides. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grenadacarriacou0000cras/page/7">7</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781841622743" title="Special:BookSources/9781841622743"><bdi>9781841622743</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grenada%2C+Carriacou+and+Petite+Martinique&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Bradt+Travel+Guides&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781841622743&rft.aulast=Crask&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgrenadacarriacou0000cras&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHigman2021" class="citation book cs1">Higman, B. W. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fzorEAAAQBAJ&dq=camajuya+grenada&pg=PA58"><i>A Concise History of the Caribbean</i></a>. 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Skinner. 1944. p. 32.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Year+Book+of+the+Bermudas%2C+the+Bahamas%2C+British+Guiana%2C+British+Honduras+and+the+British+West+Indies&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=T.+Skinner&rft.date=1944&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7CAfAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://caribbean.halloffame.tripod.com/Eric_Gairy.html">"Eric Gairy - Caribbean Hall of Fame"</a>. <i>caribbean.halloffame.tripod.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=caribbean.halloffame.tripod.com&rft.atitle=Eric+Gairy+-+Caribbean+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcaribbean.halloffame.tripod.com%2FEric_Gairy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bigdrumnation.org-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bigdrumnation.org_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bigdrumnation.org_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801065517/http://www.bigdrumnation.org/comments/1stgeneralelection.html">"1951 and Coming of General Elections"</a>. BigDrumNation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bigdrumnation.org/comments/1stgeneralelection.html">the original</a> on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1951+and+Coming+of+General+Elections&rft.pub=BigDrumNation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bigdrumnation.org%2Fcomments%2F1stgeneralelection.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-N1-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-N1_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Nohlen" title="Dieter Nohlen">Nohlen, D</a> (2005) <i>Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I</i>, p301-302 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-928357-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-928357-6">978-0-19-928357-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211025030631/https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/grenada/history">"Grenada : History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/grenada/history">the original</a> on 25 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grenada+%3A+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthecommonwealth.org%2Four-member-countries%2Fgrenada%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://caribbean-beat.com/issue-96/end-eric">"The end of Eric Gairy"</a>. March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+end+of+Eric+Gairy&rft.date=2009-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcaribbean-beat.com%2Fissue-96%2Fend-eric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LA-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LA_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LA_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-sep-02-mn-14490-story.html">LA Times website, <i>Search for Body Yields Lessons for Students</i>, by Mark Fineman, dated September 2, 2000</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKukielski2019" class="citation book cs1">Kukielski, Philip (2019). <i>The U.S. Invasion of Grenada : legacy of a flawed victory</i>. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. pp. 183–84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-7879-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-7879-5"><bdi>978-1-4766-7879-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1123182247">1123182247</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+U.S.+Invasion+of+Grenada+%3A+legacy+of+a+flawed+victory&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+North+Carolina&rft.pages=183-84&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1123182247&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-7879-5&rft.aulast=Kukielski&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnthony_Payne,_Paul_Sutton,_and_Tony_Thorndike1984" class="citation news cs1">Anthony Payne, Paul Sutton, and Tony Thorndike (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3agOAAAAQAAJ">"Grenada: Revolution and Invasion"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Croom_Helm" class="mw-redirect" title="Croom Helm">Croom Helm</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780709920809" title="Special:BookSources/9780709920809"><bdi>9780709920809</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Croom+Helm&rft.atitle=Grenada%3A+Revolution+and+Invasion&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=9780709920809&rft.au=Anthony+Payne%2C+Paul+Sutton%2C+and+Tony+Thorndike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3agOAAAAQAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHudson_Austin1983" class="citation news cs1">Hudson Austin (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://grenadaineugeniaera.omeka.net/items/show/2">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Hudson Austin Speech announcing the killing of Maurice Bishop October 19, 1983"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>minute 4:37 of 6:05</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=minute+4%3A37+of+6%3A05&rft.atitle=%22Hudson+Austin+Speech+announcing+the+killing+of+Maurice+Bishop+October+19%2C+1983%22&rft.date=1983&rft.au=Hudson+Austin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgrenadaineugeniaera.omeka.net%2Fitems%2Fshow%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gailey-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gailey_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaileyWarren_Weaver_Jr.1983" class="citation news cs1">Gailey, Phil; Warren Weaver Jr. (26 March 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/26/us/briefing-058430.html">"Grenada"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Grenada&rft.date=1983-03-26&rft.aulast=Gailey&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft.au=Warren+Weaver+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1983%2F03%2F26%2Fus%2Fbriefing-058430.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulie_Wolf1999–2000" class="citation news cs1">Julie Wolf (1999–2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090804132846/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande07.html">"The Invasion of Grenada"</a>. <i>PBS: The American Experience (Reagan)</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande07.html">the original</a> on 4 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PBS%3A+The+American+Experience+%28Reagan%29&rft.atitle=The+Invasion+of+Grenada&rft.date=1999%2F2000&rft.au=Julie+Wolf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Famex%2Freagan%2Fpeopleevents%2Fpande07.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCole1997" class="citation web cs1">Cole, Ronald (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111116194741/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/history/urgfury.pdf">"Operation Urgent Fury: The Planning and Execution of Joint Operations in Grenada"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/doctrine/history/urgfury.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 16 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Operation+Urgent+Fury%3A+The+Planning+and+Execution+of+Joint+Operations+in+Grenada&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dtic.mil%2Fdoctrine%2Fdoctrine%2Fhistory%2Furgfury.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Autobiography: Sir Paul Scoon 'Survival for Service'<span></span></i>. Macmillan Caribbean. 2003. pp. 135–136.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Autobiography%3A+Sir+Paul+Scoon+%27Survival+for+Service%27&rft.pages=135-136&rft.pub=Macmillan+Caribbean&rft.date=2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_z9f6WdltuE"><span class="plainlinks">Sir Paul Scoon, G-G of Grenada, at 2:36</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Moore, <i>Margaret Thatcher: At her Zenith</i> (2016) p. 130.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080316093428/http://www.un.org/Depts/dhl/res/resa38.htm">"United Nations General Assembly resolution 38/7"</a>. United Nations. 2 November 1983. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/dhl/res/resa38.htm">the original</a> on 16 March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+Nations+General+Assembly+resolution+38%2F7&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft.date=1983-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2FDepts%2Fdhl%2Fres%2Fresa38.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070627152449/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1309/is_v21/ai_3073305">"Assembly calls for cessation of 'armed intervention' in Grenada"</a>. <i>UN Chronicle</i>. 1984. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1309/is_v21/ai_3073305">the original</a> on 27 June 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UN+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Assembly+calls+for+cessation+of+%27armed+intervention%27+in+Grenada&rft.date=1984&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m1309%2Fis_v21%2Fai_3073305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_Bernstein1983" class="citation news cs1">Richard Bernstein (29 October 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/29/world/us-vetoes-un-resolution-deploring-grenada-invasion.html">"U.S. VETOES U.N. RESOLUTION 'DEPLORING' GRENADA INVASION"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.S.+VETOES+U.N.+RESOLUTION+%27DEPLORING%27+GRENADA+INVASION&rft.date=1983-10-29&rft.au=Richard+Bernstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1983%2F10%2F29%2Fworld%2Fus-vetoes-un-resolution-deploring-grenada-invasion.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmnesty_International2003" class="citation web cs1">Amnesty International (October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/104000/amr320012003en.pdf">"The Grenada 17: the last of the cold war prisoners?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Grenada+17%3A+the+last+of+the+cold+war+prisoners%3F&rft.date=2003-10&rft.au=Amnesty+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fdownload%2FDocuments%2F104000%2Famr320012003en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCody1983" class="citation news cs1">Cody, Edward (24 December 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1983/12/24/grenadas-vacuum-tempts-ex-leader/2fb3dcf9-6464-4ced-a4ae-6e7e37f6234e/">"Grenada's Vacuum Tempts Ex-Leader"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Grenada%27s+Vacuum+Tempts+Ex-Leader&rft.date=1983-12-24&rft.aulast=Cody&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1983%2F12%2F24%2Fgrenadas-vacuum-tempts-ex-leader%2F2fb3dcf9-6464-4ced-a4ae-6e7e37f6234e%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PP-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PP_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Political Parties of the World</i> (6th edition, 2005), ed. Bogdan Szajkowski, page 265.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jan-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jan_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Jan 1985 – General election and resumption of Parliament – Formation of Blaize government – Foreign relations Opening of airport – Start of murder trial", <i>Keesing's Record of World Events</i>, volume 31, January 1985, Grenada, page 33,327.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-19596901">"Grenada profile"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 12 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Grenada+profile&rft.date=2018-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-latin-america-19596901&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GovGrenada-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GovGrenada_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181231092603/https://www.gov.gd/biographies/ben_jones_bio.html">"Biography: Ben Jones"</a>. <i>Gov.gd</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.gd/biographies/ben_jones_bio.html">the original</a> on 31 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gov.gd&rft.atitle=Biography%3A+Ben+Jones&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.gd%2Fbiographies%2Fben_jones_bio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jo-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jo_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210109213107/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/Former-Grenadian-PM-Nicholas-Brathwaite-dies">"Former Grenadian PM Nicholas Brathwaite dies"</a>. <i>Jamaica Observer</i>. 29 October 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/Former-Grenadian-PM-Nicholas-Brathwaite-dies">the original</a> on 9 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jamaica+Observer&rft.atitle=Former+Grenadian+PM+Nicholas+Brathwaite+dies&rft.date=2016-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jamaicaobserver.com%2Fnews%2FFormer-Grenadian-PM-Nicholas-Brathwaite-dies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Feb 1995 – New Prime Minister – Government changes", Keesing's Record of World Events, Volume 41, February 1995 Grenada, Page 40402.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Maurice Paterson's book, published before this event, called <i>Big Sky Little Bullet</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2005" class="citation web cs1">Green, Eric (24 February 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061122113718/http://usinfo.state.gov/wh/Archive/2005/Feb/24-832208.html">"Grenada Making Comeback from Hurricane Ivan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a>. 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Franklin & Daniel P. Brown (10 March 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL052005_Emily.pdf">"Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Emily"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Hurricane_Center" title="National Hurricane Center">National Hurricane Center</a>. NOAA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Report%3A+Hurricane+Emily&rft.pub=National+Hurricane+Center&rft.date=2006-03-10&rft.au=James+L.+Franklin+%26+Daniel+P.+Brown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Fdata%2Ftcr%2FAL052005_Emily.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNN_0701-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CNN_0701_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbertWolfe2024" class="citation news cs1">Gilbert, Mary; Wolfe, Elizabeth (1 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/07/01/weather/hurricane-beryl-caribbean-landfall-monday/index.html">"Hurricane Beryl devastates Grenada: 'In half an hour, Carriacou was flattened'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hurricane+Beryl+devastates+Grenada%3A+%27In+half+an+hour%2C+Carriacou+was+flattened%27&rft.date=2024-07-01&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.au=Wolfe%2C+Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2024%2F07%2F01%2Fweather%2Fhurricane-beryl-caribbean-landfall-monday%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080804055052/http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/07/09/news/CB-POL-Grenada-Elections.php">"New Grenada prime minister vows to boost economy, lower cost of living"</a>. <i>International Herald Tribune</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Herald+Tribune&rft.atitle=New+Grenada+prime+minister+vows+to+boost+economy%2C+lower+cost+of+living&rft.date=2008-07-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iht.com%2Farticles%2Fap%2F2008%2F07%2F09%2Fnews%2FCB-POL-Grenada-Elections.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorge_Worme2008" class="citation web cs1">George Worme (10 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080714124028/http://www.nationnews.com/story/117373983578346.php">"Thomas wins by a landslide in Grenada"</a>. <i>The Nation</i>. Barbados. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Grenada%3A+Bandleader+Loses+Job+in+Chinese+Anthem+Gaffe&rft.date=2007-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F02%2F08%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F08briefs-grenadagaffe.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/caribbean/news/story/2007/02/070205_grendiplomatic2.shtml">"Grenada Goofs: Anthem Mix Up"</a>. <i>BBCCaribbean.com</i>. 5 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBCCaribbean.com&rft.atitle=Grenada+Goofs%3A+Anthem+Mix+Up&rft.date=2007-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fcaribbean%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F2007%2F02%2F070205_grendiplomatic2.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott_Conroy2007" class="citation news cs1">Scott Conroy (3 February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/taiwan-anthem-played-for-china-officials/">"Taiwan Anthem Played For China Officials"</a>. <i>CBS News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Taiwan+Anthem+Played+For+China+Officials&rft.date=2007-02-03&rft.au=Scott+Conroy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Ftaiwan-anthem-played-for-china-officials%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ranker.com/list/famous-soccer-players-from-grenada/reference">"Famous Soccer Players from Grenada"</a>. <i>Ranker</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ranker&rft.atitle=Famous+Soccer+Players+from+Grenada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ranker.com%2Flist%2Ffamous-soccer-players-from-grenada%2Freference&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Adkin, Mark. 1989. <i>Urgent Fury: The Battle for Grenada: The Truth Behind the Largest US Military Operation Since Vietnam</i>. Trans-Atlantic Publications. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85052-023-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85052-023-1">0-85052-023-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Beck" title="Robert J. Beck">Beck, Robert J.</a> 1993. <i>The Grenada Invasion: Politics, Law, and Foreign Policy Decisionmaking</i>. Boulder: Westview Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8133-8709-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8133-8709-4">0-8133-8709-4</a></li> <li>Brizan, George 1984. <i>Grenada Island of Conflict: From Amerindians to People's Revolution 1498–1979</i>. London, Zed Books Ltd., publisher; Copyright, George Brizan, 1984.</li> <li>Martin, John Angus. 2007. <i>A–Z of Grenada Heritage</i>. Macmillan Caribbean.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110510072846/http://grenadaheritage.com/default.aspx">"Grenada Heritage"</a>. Grenadaheritage.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grenadaheritage.com/default.aspx">the original</a> on 10 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grenada+Heritage&rft.pub=Grenadaheritage.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgrenadaheritage.com%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Sinclair, Norma. 2003. <i>Grenada: Isle of Spice (Caribbean Guides)</i>. Interlink Publishing Group; 3rd edition. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-96806-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-333-96806-9">0-333-96806-9</a></li> <li>Stark, James H. 1897. <i>Stark's Guide-Book and History of Trinidad including Tobago, Grenada, and St. Vincent; also a trip up the Orinoco and a description of the great Venezuelan Pitch Lake</i>. Boston, James H. Stark, publisher; London, Sampson Low, Marston & Company.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteele2003" class="citation book cs1">Steele, Beverley A. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ofp6AAAAMAAJ"><i>Grenada: A History of Its People (Island Histories)</i></a>. Oxford: MacMillan Caribbean. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-93053-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-93053-3"><bdi>978-0-333-93053-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grenada%3A+A+History+of+Its+People+%28Island+Histories%29&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=MacMillan+Caribbean&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-333-93053-3&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=Beverley+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOfp6AAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grenada&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Grenada</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Grenada" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Grenada">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Grenada" class="extiw" title="c:Grenada">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Grenada" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Grenada">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Grenada" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Grenada">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Grenada" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Grenada">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Grenada" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Grenada">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Grenada" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Grenada">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Grenada" class="extiw" title="voy:Grenada">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Grenada" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Grenada">Wikimedia Atlas of Grenada</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gov.gd/">Official Website of the Government of Grenada</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210073815/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-g/grenada.html">Chief of State and Cabinet Members</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Grenada"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Grenada">"Grenada" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. XI (9th ed.). 1880. p. 184.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Grenada&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=184&rft.edition=9th&rft.date=1880&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Grenada"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Grenada">"Grenada" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 578.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Grenada&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=578&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrenada" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/grenada/">Grenada</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080607084908/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/grenada.htm">Grenada</a> at <i>UCB Libraries GovPubs</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1209605.stm">Grenada</a> from the <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041112235418/http://pbcalumni.org/pbc_history2.asp">Presentation Brothers College</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=GD">Key Development Forecasts for Grenada</a> from <a href="/wiki/International_Futures" title="International Futures">International Futures</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dloc.com/l/AA00000053/00001/allvolumes"><i>The Grenada Newsletter</i> (1974–1994)</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Library_of_the_Caribbean" title="Digital Library of the Caribbean">Digital Library of the Caribbean</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/podcasts/post-reports/the-dream-of-a-black-utopia/">The dream of a Black utopia</a>, podcast from <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> – includes interview with <a href="/wiki/Dessima_Williams" title="Dessima Williams">Dessima Williams</a>, Grenada's former ambassador to the U.S.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grenada_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grenada_topics" title="Template:Grenada topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grenada_topics" title="Template talk:Grenada topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grenada_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grenada topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grenada_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenada</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Grenada-related_articles" title="Index of Grenada-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Grenada" title="History of Grenada">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Island_Caribs" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Caribs">Island Caribs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="French colonization of the Americas">French colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="British colonization of the Americas">British colonization <span style="font-size:85%;">(1762)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Grenada_(1779)" title="Capture of Grenada (1779)">French capture <span style="font-size:85%;">(1779)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1783)" title="Treaty of Paris (1783)">1783 Treaty of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9don%27s_rebellion" title="Fédon's rebellion">Fédon's rebellion</a> (1795−1796)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_and_administrators_of_Grenada" title="List of colonial governors and administrators of Grenada">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Windward_Islands" title="British Windward Islands">British Windward Islands <span style="font-size:85%;">(1833–1958)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Federation" title="West Indies Federation">West Indies Federation <span style="font-size:85%;">(1958–1962)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Grenada_(1962%E2%80%931967)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Grenada (1962–1967) (page does not exist)">Separate crown colony <span style="font-size:85%;">(1962–1967)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Grenada_(1967%E2%80%931974)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Grenada (1967–1974) (page does not exist)">Associated State <span style="font-size:85%;">(1967–1974)</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Associated_States" title="West Indies Associated States">West Indies Associated States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government_(Grenada)" title="People's Revolutionary Government (Grenada)">Communist rule <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1983)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Grenada" title="United States invasion of Grenada">US invasion <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Ivan" title="Hurricane Ivan">Hurricane Ivan <span style="font-size:85%;">(2004)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Grenada" title="Geography of Grenada">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_issues_in_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Environmental issues in Grenada (page does not exist)">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fauna of Grenada (page does not exist)">Fauna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Grenada" title="List of birds of Grenada">Birds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flora of Grenada (page does not exist)">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="List of islands of Grenada">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Grenada" title="List of rivers of Grenada">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Grenada" title="List of volcanoes in Grenada">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parishes_of_Grenada" title="Parishes of Grenada">Subdivisions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Grenada" title="List of cities in Grenada">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parishes_of_Grenada" title="Parishes of Grenada">Parishes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Grenada" title="Politics of Grenada">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Governance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Grenada (page does not exist)">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Grenada" title="Elections in Grenada">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Grenada" title="Foreign relations of Grenada">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Grenada" title="Governor-General of Grenada">Governor-General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Grenada" title="Human rights in Grenada">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Grenada">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Grenada" title="International rankings of Grenada">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Law enforcement in Grenada">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Grenada">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Grenada" title="Monarchy of Grenada">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Grenada" title="Parliament of Grenada">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Grenada" title="Politics of Grenada">Politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Jewel_Movement" title="New Jewel Movement">New Jewel Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Grenada" title="List of political parties in Grenada">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Grenada" title="List of heads of government of Grenada">Prime Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Grenada (page does not exist)">Supreme Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Grenada" title="Chief Justice of Grenada">Chief Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Grenada" title="Attorney General of Grenada">Attorney General</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Grenada" title="Economy of Grenada">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Grenada (page does not exist)">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_dollar" title="Eastern Caribbean dollar">Eastern Caribbean dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_policy_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy policy of Grenada (page does not exist)">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Grenada" title="Telecommunications in Grenada">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Grenada" title="Trade unions in Grenada">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Grenada" title="Transport in Grenada">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Grenada" title="Category:Society of Grenada">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Grenada" title="Demographics of Grenada">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Grenada" title="Education in Grenada">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Grenada">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Grenada">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Grenada" title="Culture of Grenada">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hail_Grenada" title="Hail Grenada">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Grenada" title="Coat of arms of Grenada">Coat of arms</a></li> <li>Creole <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_English" title="Grenadian Creole English">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenadian_Creole_French" title="Grenadian Creole French">French</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenadan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenadan cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Grenada" title="Flag of Grenada">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Grenada" title="Music of Grenada">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Grenada" title="Public holidays in Grenada">Public holidays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Grenada" title="Outline of Grenada">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Grenada-related_articles" title="Index of Grenada-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grenada" title="Category:Grenada">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_relating_to_Grenada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_relating_to_Grenada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles relating to Grenada</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_dependencies_of_North_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_North_America" title="Template:Countries of North America"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_North_America" title="Template talk:Countries of North America"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_North_America" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of North America"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_dependencies_of_North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_North_America" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in North America">Countries and dependencies</a> of <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Entire</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">The Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">In part</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archipelago_of_San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Providencia_and_Santa_Catalina" title="Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina">San Andrés and Providencia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Netherlands" title="Caribbean Netherlands">Caribbean Netherlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Esparta" title="Nueva Esparta">Nueva Esparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Dependencies_of_Venezuela" title="Federal Dependencies of Venezuela">Federal Dependencies</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding:0 1.0em 0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/120px-Location_North_America.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/180px-Location_North_America.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/240px-Location_North_America.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Denmark</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clipperton_Island" title="Clipperton Island">Clipperton Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy">St. Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="Collectivity of Saint Martin">St. Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">St. Pierre and Miquelon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-North_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:North_America" title="Portal:North America">North America portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239009302"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States_(OECS)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States_(OECS)" title="Template:Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States_(OECS)" title="Template talk:Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States_(OECS)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States_(OECS)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States" title="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States">Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">St. Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/32px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/48px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/64px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png 2x" data-file-width="891" data-file-height="561" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Caribbean" title="Portal:Caribbean">Caribbean portal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Caribbean_dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="East Caribbean dollar">East Caribbean dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_Central_Bank" title="Eastern Caribbean Central Bank">Eastern Caribbean Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_Central_Securities_Registry" title="Eastern Caribbean Central Securities Registry">Eastern Caribbean Central Securities Registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_Securities_Exchange" title="Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange">Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_Civil_Aviation_Authority" title="Eastern Caribbean Civil Aviation Authority">Eastern Caribbean Civil Aviation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_Supreme_Court" title="Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court">Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Caribbean_Telecommunications_Authority&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications Authority (page does not exist)">Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239009302"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Caribbean_Community_(CARICOM)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Caribbean_Community_(CARICOM)" title="Template:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Caribbean_Community_(CARICOM)" title="Template talk:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Caribbean_Community_(CARICOM)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Caribbean Community (CARICOM)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Caribbean_Community_(CARICOM)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community (CARICOM)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Caribbean_Community" title="Secretariat of the Caribbean Community">Secretariat</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Caribbean_Community" title="Secretary-General of the Caribbean Community">Secretary-General</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_Federation" title="West Indies Federation">West Indies Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Free_Trade_Association" title="Caribbean Free Trade Association">Caribbean Free Trade Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Chaguaramas" title="Treaty of Chaguaramas">Treaty of Chaguaramas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARICOM_Single_Market_and_Economy" title="CARICOM Single Market and Economy">Single Market and Economy (CSME)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Caribbean_Community" title="Flag of the Caribbean Community"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_CARICOM.svg/68px-Flag_of_CARICOM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="68" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_CARICOM.svg/102px-Flag_of_CARICOM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_CARICOM.svg/136px-Flag_of_CARICOM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/32px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/48px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png/64px-Relief_Map_of_Caribbean.png 2x" data-file-width="891" data-file-height="561" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Caribbean" title="Portal:Caribbean">Caribbean portal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">St. Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Meteorological_Organisation" title="Caribbean Meteorological Organisation">Caribbean Meteorological Organisation (CMO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Fund_for_Commodities" title="Common Fund for Commodities">Common Fund for Commodities (CFC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Court_of_Justice" title="Caribbean Court of Justice">Court of Justice (CCJ)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Disaster_Emergency_Management_Agency" title="Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency">Disaster Emergency Management (CDEMA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Examinations_Council" title="Caribbean Examinations Council">Examinations Council (CXC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Institute_for_Meteorology_and_Hydrology" title="Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology">Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Public_Health_Agency" title="Caribbean Public Health Agency">Public Health Agency (CARPHA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARICOM_Single_Market_and_Economy" title="CARICOM Single Market and Economy">Single Market and Economy (CSME)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CARIFORUM" title="CARIFORUM">CARIFORUM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States" title="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States">Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><sup>1</sup> Member of the Community but not of the <a href="/wiki/CARICOM_Single_Market_and_Economy" title="CARICOM Single Market and Economy">CARICOM Single Market and Economy</a> (CSME)</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><sup>2</sup> <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British overseas territory</a> awaiting entrustment to join the CSME</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Peoples_of_Our_America_-_Peoples’_Trade_Treaty_(ALBA-TCP)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas_(ALBA)" title="Template:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas_(ALBA)" title="Template talk:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas_(ALBA)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Peoples_of_Our_America_-_Peoples’_Trade_Treaty_(ALBA-TCP)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/ALBA" title="ALBA">Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America - Peoples’ Trade Treaty (ALBA-TCP)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_ALBA" title="Member states of ALBA">Member states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of ALBA"><img alt="Emblem of ALBA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_the_Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas.png/50px-Emblem_of_the_Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_the_Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas.png/75px-Emblem_of_the_Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Emblem_of_the_Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas.png/100px-Emblem_of_the_Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas.png 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Commonwealth_realms_and_dominions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Commonwealth_realms" title="Template:Commonwealth realms"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Commonwealth_realms" title="Template talk:Commonwealth realms"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Commonwealth_realms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Commonwealth realms"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Commonwealth_realms_and_dominions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_realm" title="Commonwealth realm">Commonwealth realms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dominion" title="Dominion">dominions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Australia" title="Monarchy of Australia">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Bahamas" title="Monarchy of the Bahamas">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Belize" title="Monarchy of Belize">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Grenada" title="Monarchy of Grenada">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Jamaica" title="Monarchy of Jamaica">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">Realm of New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_the_Cook_Islands" title="Monarchy in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Niuean_monarchs" title="List of Niuean monarchs">Niue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Monarchy of Papua New Guinea">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Monarchy of Saint Lucia">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Monarchy of Solomon Islands">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Tuvalu" title="Monarchy of Tuvalu">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">monarchy</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Barbados" title="Monarchy of Barbados">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Ceylon" title="Dominion of Ceylon">Ceylon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Ceylon_(1948%E2%80%931972)" title="Monarchy of Ceylon (1948–1972)">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Fiji" title="Dominion of Fiji">Fiji</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Fiji" title="Monarchy of Fiji">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia_(1965%E2%80%931970)" title="The Gambia (1965–1970)">The Gambia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_the_Gambia" title="Queen of the Gambia">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Ghana" title="Dominion of Ghana">Ghana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Ghana" title="Queen of Ghana">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana_(1966%E2%80%931970)" title="Guyana (1966–1970)">Guyana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Guyana" title="Queen of Guyana">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_India" title="Dominion of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Irish_head_of_state_from_1922_to_1949" title="Irish head of state from 1922 to 1949">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_(1963%E2%80%931964)" title="Kenya (1963–1964)">Kenya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Kenya" title="Queen of Kenya">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Malawi#Independence" title="History of Malawi">Malawi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Malawi" title="Queen of Malawi">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Malta" title="State of Malta">Malta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Malta" title="Queen of Malta">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius_(1968%E2%80%931992)" title="Mauritius (1968–1992)">Mauritius</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Mauritius" title="Queen of Mauritius">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Newfoundland" title="Dominion of Newfoundland">Newfoundland</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Nigeria" title="Federation of Nigeria">Nigeria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Nigeria_(1960%E2%80%931963)" title="Monarchy of Nigeria (1960–1963)">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Pakistan" title="Dominion of Pakistan">Pakistan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Pakistan" title="Monarchy of Pakistan">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhodesia" title="Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a><sup>2</sup></i> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Rhodesia" title="Queen of Rhodesia">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_(1961%E2%80%931971)" title="Sierra Leone (1961–1971)">Sierra Leone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Queen of Sierra Leone">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">South Africa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_South_Africa" title="Monarchy of South Africa">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanganyika_(1961%E2%80%931964)" title="Tanganyika (1961–1964)">Tanganyika</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Tanganyika" title="Queen of Tanganyika">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Queen of Trinidad and Tobago">monarchy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_(1962%E2%80%931963)" title="Uganda (1962–1963)">Uganda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Uganda" title="Queen of Uganda">monarchy</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow plainlist" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dd><sup>1</sup> <span class="wrap">Annexed by Canada in 1949</span></dd> <dd><sup>2</sup> <span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Rhodesia%27s_Unilateral_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence">Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence</a> in 1965, but this was not recognised internationally. Declared itself a republic in 1970.</span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Commonwealth" title="Template:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Commonwealth" title="Template talk:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Commonwealth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Commonwealth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations">Members</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a><br />(members)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini (Swaziland)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">Associated states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashmore_and_Cartier_Islands" title="Ashmore and Cartier Islands">Ashmore and Cartier Islands</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Territory" title="Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coral_Sea_Islands" title="Coral Sea Islands">Coral Sea Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands" title="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ross_Dependency" title="Ross Dependency">Ross Dependency</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries">Commonwealth Secretariat – Member Countries</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="English-speaking_world" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Template:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Template talk:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:English_official_language_clickable_map" title="Special:EditPage/Template:English official language clickable map"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="English-speaking_world" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/English_language#Geographical_distribution" title="English language">English-speaking world</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-center noresize mw-ext-imagemap-desc-bottom-right" typeof="mw:File"><span title="English speaking countries"><img alt="English speaking countries" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/600px-Anglophone_World.svg.png" decoding="async" width="600" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/900px-Anglophone_World.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anglophone_World.svg/1200px-Anglophone_World.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="974" resource="/wiki/File:Anglophone_World.svg" /></span><figcaption>English speaking countries</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Further_links" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Further links</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em">Articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English-speaking_world" title="English-speaking world">English-speaking world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_English_language" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the English language">History of the English language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_in_the_Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="English in the Commonwealth of Nations">English in the Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglosphere" title="Anglosphere">Anglosphere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;color:darkblue;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_English-speaking_population" title="List of countries by English-speaking population">List of countries by English-speaking population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_where_English_is_an_official_language" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries where English is an official language">List of countries where English is an official language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:blue;"><span style="padding-left:1.0em;"> </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Countries_and_territories_where_English_is_the_national_language_or_the_native_language_of_the_majority"> <ul><li><b>Countries and territories where English is the national language or the native language of the majority</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Africa" title="Languages of Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Americas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">The Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">United States Virgin Islands</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/English_language_in_Europe" title="English language in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Guernsey" title="Guernsey">Guernsey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Oceania" title="Languages of Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Island" title="Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightblue;"><span style="padding-left:1.0em;"> </span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Countries_and_territories_where_English_is_an_official_language,_but_not_the_majority_first_language"> <ul><li><b>Countries and territories where English is an official language, but not the majority first language</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Asia" title="Languages of Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> shown in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404585464">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/151203505">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1209745/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJh4xgYHvbM9tcrm7KpHG3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4021981-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80104478">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00576594">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35724234">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Grenada (Návětrné ostrovy : ostrov)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge232509&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX454063">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/86lnm76s577pnt2">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007554913305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/217e2eb3-0a3a-3b59-9eaa-a7465c1417ff">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/bea94ff3-2729-420a-becb-73970469c45e">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1059166">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/jxc3eikv">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044769">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grenada&oldid=1257579499#Religion">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grenada&oldid=1257579499#Religion</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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title="Category:1763 establishments in North America">1763 establishments in North America</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1763_establishments_in_the_British_Empire" title="Category:1763 establishments in the British Empire">1763 establishments in the British Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1970s_establishments_in_the_Caribbean" title="Category:1970s establishments in the Caribbean">1970s establishments in the Caribbean</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1974_establishments_in_North_America" title="Category:1974 establishments in North America">1974 establishments in North America</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Countries_and_territories_where_English_is_an_official_language" title="Category:Countries and territories where English is an official language">Countries and territories where English is an official language</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Countries_in_North_America" title="Category:Countries in North America">Countries in North America</a></li><li><a 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