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mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p><b>Adwa Victory Day</b> (<a href="/wiki/Amharic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Amharic language">Amharic</a>: <span lang="am">የዐድዋ ድል ቀን</span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_holiday" title="Public holiday">national holiday</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> which is celebrated on 2 March in commemoration of <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Empire" title="Ethiopian Empire">Ethiopian</a> victory against <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a>'s colonisation effort at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Adwa" title="Battle of Adwa">Battle of Adwa</a> in 1896. Paying tribute to the Ethiopian army, the celebration involves parades and dramatic and artistic performances reflecting <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopian culture">Ethiopian culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above hd" style="background-color: #ddccff">Adwa Victory Day</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Menelik_II_Addis_Abeba.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Menelik_II_Addis_Abeba.jpg/240px-Menelik_II_Addis_Abeba.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Menelik_II_Addis_Abeba.jpg/360px-Menelik_II_Addis_Abeba.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Menelik_II_Addis_Abeba.jpg/480px-Menelik_II_Addis_Abeba.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="851"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="caption"><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Menelik_II" title="Statue of Menelik II">Statue of Menelik II</a> in <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a>, which paid homage to the Day</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">National</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Significance</th><td class="infobox-data summary">Ethiopia's victory over Italy at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Adwa" title="Battle of Adwa">Battle of Adwa</a> in 1896</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Celebrations</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Public parades with government officials and other public figures presented</li> <li>Dramatic performance associated with the Battle of Adwa</li> <li>Patriotic songs are played for example recently <a href="/wiki/Gigi_(singer)" title="Gigi (singer)">Gigi</a>'s songs and <a href="/wiki/Teddy_Afro" title="Teddy Afro">Teddy Afro</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Tikur_Sew_(song)" title="Tikur Sew (song)">Tikur Sew</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/2_March" class="mw-redirect" title="2 March">2 March</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">Annual</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Adwa Victory Day is strongly associated with symbol of <a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-Africanism</a> and aspiration to <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">black people</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mekdes_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mekdes-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Celebration">Celebration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Adwa_Victory_Day&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Celebration" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Celebration involves parades in many places and cultural reflection wherever people gathered. Artistic and dramatic performances are also presented, such as kererto, shilela and fukera.<sup id="cite_ref-mekdes_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mekdes-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All schools, banks, post offices and government offices are closed, with the exception of health facilities. Some taxi and public transportation services choose not to operate on this day, and shops are normally open but most close earlier than usual.<sup id="cite_ref-aglobalworld.com_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aglobalworld.com-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the capital <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa" title="Addis Ababa">Addis Ababa</a>, government officials, patriots, foreign diplomats and the public gather at Menelik Square while the Ethiopian Police Orchestra play patriotic songs.<sup id="cite_ref-borkena.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-borkena.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Male performers often wear <a href="/wiki/Jodhpurs" title="Jodhpurs">jodhpurs</a> and various types of vest; they carry the Ethiopian flag and various patriotic banners and placards, as well as traditional Ethiopian shields and swords called <a href="/wiki/Shotel" title="Shotel">shotel</a>. Female performers wear traditional dress called <a href="/wiki/Habesha_kemis" title="Habesha kemis">habesha kemis</a> and some wear black gowns over all, while other place royal crowns on their heads to represent Empress <a href="/wiki/Taytu_Betul" title="Taytu Betul">Taytu</a>. The celebration takes place not only in Addis Ababa, but also other cities such as <a href="/wiki/Bahir_Dar" title="Bahir Dar">Bahir Dar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Debre_Markos" title="Debre Markos">Debre Markos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adwa" title="Adwa">Adwa</a> itself. Patriotic music plays a part as well, for example <a href="/wiki/Gigi_(singer)" title="Gigi (singer)">Gigi</a>'s ballad dedicated to the Battle of Adwa and <a href="/wiki/Teddy_Afro" title="Teddy Afro">Teddy Afro</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Tikur_Sew_(song)" title="Tikur Sew (song)">Tikur Sew</a>" are frequently played during the celebration.<sup id="cite_ref-borkena.com_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-borkena.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 2023 celebration, a clash erupted between security forces and the people involving the dispersion of tear gas. Police obstructed the road leading to both squares.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/St._George%27s_Cathedral,_Addis_Ababa" title="St. George's Cathedral, Addis Ababa">St. George's Cathedral</a>, police fired tear gas to congregants and clergies while conducting an annual feast of <a href="/wiki/Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a>. One person named Mekuanent Wodaj died and many injured by stampede. Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Abiy_Ahmed" title="Abiy Ahmed">Abiy Ahmed</a> blamed "unspecified entities for things that gone wrong during Adwa Victory Celebration in Addis Ababa."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Adwa_Victory_Day&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKiani2021" class="citation web cs1">Kiani, Tamkeen (15 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationaltoday.com/adwa-victory-day/">"Adwa Victory Day"</a>. <i>National Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Today&rft.atitle=Adwa+Victory+Day&rft.date=2021-12-15&rft.aulast=Kiani&rft.aufirst=Tamkeen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationaltoday.com%2Fadwa-victory-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonitor" class="citation web cs1">Monitor, Ethiopian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ethiopianmonitor.com/2022/03/02/ethiopians-celebrate-adwa-victory-day/">"Ethiopians Celebrate Adwa Victory Day – Ethiopian Monitor"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethiopians+Celebrate+Adwa+Victory+Day+%E2%80%93+Ethiopian+Monitor&rft.aulast=Monitor&rft.aufirst=Ethiopian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fethiopianmonitor.com%2F2022%2F03%2F02%2Fethiopians-celebrate-adwa-victory-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publicholidays.africa/ethiopia/adwa-victory-day/">"Adwa Victory Day 2023, 2024 and 2025 in Ethiopia"</a>. <i>PublicHolidays.africa</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PublicHolidays.africa&rft.atitle=Adwa+Victory+Day+2023%2C+2024+and+2025+in+Ethiopia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublicholidays.africa%2Fethiopia%2Fadwa-victory-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fanabc.com/english/how-the-battle-of-adwa-energized-african-liberation-movements/">"How the Battle of Adwa Energized African Liberation Movements"</a>. <i>Welcome to Fana Broadcasting Corporate S.C</i>. 28 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Welcome+to+Fana+Broadcasting+Corporate+S.C&rft.atitle=How+the+Battle+of+Adwa+Energized+African+Liberation+Movements&rft.date=2021-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fanabc.com%2Fenglish%2Fhow-the-battle-of-adwa-energized-african-liberation-movements%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mekdes-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mekdes_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mekdes_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFmekdes" class="citation web cs1">mekdes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ena.et/en/?p=33832">"The Victory of Adwa Fosters Pan Africanism | Ethiopian News Agency"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Victory+of+Adwa+Fosters+Pan+Africanism+%7C+Ethiopian+News+Agency&rft.au=mekdes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ena.et%2Fen%2F%3Fp%3D33832&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aglobalworld.com-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-aglobalworld.com_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aglobalworld.com/holidays-around-the-world/ethiopia-victory-adowa/">"Ethiopia Celebrates Victory of Adowa"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190508030043/http://aglobalworld.com/holidays-around-the-world/ethiopia-victory-adowa/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethiopia+Celebrates+Victory+of+Adowa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faglobalworld.com%2Fholidays-around-the-world%2Fethiopia-victory-adowa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-borkena.com-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-borkena.com_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-borkena.com_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://borkena.com/2018/03/02/adwa-victory-colorfully-celebrated-addis-ababa/">"Adwa victory 122 anniversary colorfully celebrated in Addis Ababa"</a>. 2 March 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111416/https://borkena.com/2018/03/02/adwa-victory-colorfully-celebrated-addis-ababa/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adwa+victory+122+anniversary+colorfully+celebrated+in+Addis+Ababa&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fborkena.com%2F2018%2F03%2F02%2Fadwa-victory-colorfully-celebrated-addis-ababa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://crisis24.garda.com/alerts/2023/03/ethiopia-clashes-amid-celebrations-commemorating-adwa-victory-day-in-addis-ababa-march-2">"Ethiopia: Clashes amid celebrations commemorating Adwa Victory Day in Addis Ababa, March 2"</a>. <i>Ethiopia: Clashes amid celebrations commemorating Adwa Victory Day in Addis Ababa, 2 March | Crisis24</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ethiopia%3A+Clashes+amid+celebrations+commemorating+Adwa+Victory+Day+in+Addis+Ababa%2C+2+March+%7C+Crisis24&rft.atitle=Ethiopia%3A+Clashes+amid+celebrations+commemorating+Adwa+Victory+Day+in+Addis+Ababa%2C+March+2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcrisis24.garda.com%2Falerts%2F2023%2F03%2Fethiopia-clashes-amid-celebrations-commemorating-adwa-victory-day-in-addis-ababa-march-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAccount2023" class="citation web cs1">Account (3 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://borkena.com/2023/03/02/adwa-victory-celebration-marred-as-government-forces-attack-addis-ababa-residents/">"Adwa Victory Celebration marred as government forces attack Addis Ababa residents"</a>. <i>Borkena Ethiopian News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Borkena+Ethiopian+News&rft.atitle=Adwa+Victory+Celebration+marred+as+government+forces+attack+Addis+Ababa+residents&rft.date=2023-03-03&rft.au=Account&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fborkena.com%2F2023%2F03%2F02%2Fadwa-victory-celebration-marred-as-government-forces-attack-addis-ababa-residents%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdwa+Victory+Day" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adwa_Victory_Day&oldid=1278475889">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adwa_Victory_Day&oldid=1278475889</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Adwa_Victory_Day&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Transphasic" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1740939328"> <span>Last edited on 2 March 2025, at 18:15</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Kemenangan_Adwa" title="Hari Kemenangan Adwa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hari Kemenangan Adwa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9D%9C%E7%93%A6%E5%8B%9D%E5%88%A9%E6%97%A5" title="阿杜瓦勝利日 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿杜瓦勝利日" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; 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