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<li id="toc-Background:_1950–1972" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background:_1950–1972"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Background: 1950–1972</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background:_1950–1972-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cray_Research_Inc._and_Cray_Computer_Corporation:_1972–1996" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cray_Research_Inc._and_Cray_Computer_Corporation:_1972–1996"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Cray Research Inc. and Cray Computer Corporation: 1972–1996</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cray_Research_Inc._and_Cray_Computer_Corporation:_1972–1996-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Silicon_Graphics_ownership:_1996–2000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Silicon_Graphics_ownership:_1996–2000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Silicon Graphics ownership: 1996–2000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Silicon_Graphics_ownership:_1996–2000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Tera_merger:_2000–2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Tera_merger:_2000–2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Post-Tera merger: 2000–2019</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Tera_merger:_2000–2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsidiary_of_Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise:_2019–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsidiary_of_Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise:_2019–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Subsidiary of Hewlett Packard Enterprise: 2019–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsidiary_of_Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise:_2019–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A_(%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9)" title="كراي (شركة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كراي (شركة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_Inc." title="Cray Inc. – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cray Inc." data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crai" title="Crai – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Crai" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray" title="Cray – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cray" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_Inc." title="Cray Inc. – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cray Inc." data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C_(%D8%B4%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA)" title="کری (شرکت) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کری (شرکت)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_(entreprise)" title="Cray (entreprise) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cray (entreprise)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4_(%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%85)" title="크레이 (기업) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크레이 (기업)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_Inc." title="Cray Inc. – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cray Inc." data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray" title="Cray – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Cray" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_Inc." title="Cray Inc. – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Cray Inc." data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crai" title="Crai – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Crai" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray" title="Cray – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cray" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87" title="ക്രേ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്രേ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray" title="Cray – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cray" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4_(%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD)" title="クレイ (コンピュータ企業) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クレイ (コンピュータ企業)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_Inc." title="Cray Inc. – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Cray Inc." data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_Inc." title="Cray Inc. – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cray Inc." data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray_Research" title="Cray Research – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cray Research" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray" title="Cray – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cray" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray" title="Cray – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Cray" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray" title="Cray – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Cray" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray,_Inc." title="Cray, Inc. – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cray, Inc." data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cray" title="Cray – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Cray" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="克雷公司 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克雷公司" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q144060#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the supercomputer brand. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Cray_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Cray (disambiguation)">Cray (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Cray Inc.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cray_logo_(2018).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Cray_logo_%282018%29.svg/220px-Cray_logo_%282018%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Cray_logo_%282018%29.svg/330px-Cray_logo_%282018%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Cray_logo_%282018%29.svg/440px-Cray_logo_%282018%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="63" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1972<span class="noprint">; 53 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1972</span>)</span> as<br />Cray Research, Inc. (current corporate entity founded in 1987<span class="noprint">; 38 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1987</span>)</span> as <a href="/wiki/Tera_Computer_Company" title="Tera Computer Company">Tera Computer Company</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Seymour_Cray" title="Seymour Cray">Seymour Cray</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ungaro" title="Peter Ungaro">Peter Ungaro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">Supercomputers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $455.9 million (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> -$74.2 million (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> -$71.6 million (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $517.1 million (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $343.3 million (2018)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,282 (Dec 2015)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">Hewlett Packard Enterprise</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hpe.com/us/en/compute/hpc/cray.html">hpe<wbr />.com<wbr />/us<wbr />/en<wbr />/compute<wbr />/hpc<wbr />/cray<wbr />.html</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><b>Footnotes / references</b><br /><sup id="cite_ref-xbrlus_2013_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xbrlus_2013-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cray-Feb-2016-10-K_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cray-Feb-2016-10-K-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cray-Feb-2015-10-K_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cray-Feb-2015-10-K-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rev2017_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rev2017-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Cray Inc.</b>, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">Hewlett Packard Enterprise</a>, is an American <a href="/wiki/Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">supercomputer</a> manufacturer headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cray-Feb-2016-10-K_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cray-Feb-2016-10-K-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also manufactures systems for data storage and analytics.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several Cray supercomputer systems are listed in the <a href="/wiki/TOP500" title="TOP500">TOP500</a>, which ranks the most powerful supercomputers in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1972, the company was founded by computer designer <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Cray" title="Seymour Cray">Seymour Cray</a> as Cray Research, Inc., and it continues to manufacture parts in <a href="/wiki/Chippewa_Falls,_Wisconsin" title="Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin">Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin</a>, where Cray was born and raised.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After being acquired by <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics" title="Silicon Graphics">Silicon Graphics</a> in 1996, the modern company was formed after being purchased in 2000 by <a href="/wiki/Tera_Computer_Company" title="Tera Computer Company">Tera Computer Company</a>, which adopted the name Cray Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, the company was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">Hewlett Packard Enterprise</a> for $1.3 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background:_1950–1972"><span id="Background:_1950.E2.80.931972"></span>Background: 1950–1972</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background: 1950–1972"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1950, <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Cray" title="Seymour Cray">Seymour Cray</a> began working in the computing field when he joined <a href="/wiki/Engineering_Research_Associates" title="Engineering Research Associates">Engineering Research Associates</a> (ERA) in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a>. There, he helped to create the <a href="/wiki/ERA_1103" class="mw-redirect" title="ERA 1103">ERA 1103</a>. ERA eventually became part of <a href="/wiki/UNIVAC" title="UNIVAC">UNIVAC</a>, and began to be phased out. </p><p>In 1960, he left the company, a few years after former ERA employees set up <a href="/wiki/Control_Data_Corporation" title="Control Data Corporation">Control Data Corporation</a> (CDC). He initially worked out of the CDC headquarters in Minneapolis, but grew upset by constant interruptions by managers. He eventually set up a lab in his hometown of <a href="/wiki/Chippewa_Falls,_Wisconsin" title="Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin">Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin</a>, about 85 miles to the east. Cray had a string of successes at CDC, including the <a href="/wiki/CDC_6600" title="CDC 6600">CDC 6600</a> and <a href="/wiki/CDC_7600" title="CDC 7600">CDC 7600</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cray_Research_Inc._and_Cray_Computer_Corporation:_1972–1996"><span id="Cray_Research_Inc._and_Cray_Computer_Corporation:_1972.E2.80.931996"></span>Cray Research Inc. and Cray Computer Corporation: 1972–1996</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cray Research Inc. and Cray Computer Corporation: 1972–1996"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cray2.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Cray2.jpeg/250px-Cray2.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Cray2.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="247" /></a><figcaption>Cray-2 supercomputer</figcaption></figure> <p>When CDC ran into financial difficulties in the late 1960s, development funds for Cray's follow-on <a href="/wiki/CDC_8600" title="CDC 8600">CDC 8600</a> became scarce. When he was told the project would have to be put "on hold" in 1972, Cray left to form his own company, Cray Research, Inc. Copying the previous arrangement, Cray kept the research and development facilities in Chippewa Falls, and put the business headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis,_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="Minneapolis, Minnesota">Minneapolis</a>. The company's first product, the <a href="/wiki/Cray-1" title="Cray-1">Cray-1</a> supercomputer, was a major success because it was significantly faster than all other computers at the time. The first system was sold within a month for $8.8 million. Seymour Cray continued working, this time on the <a href="/wiki/Cray-2" title="Cray-2">Cray-2</a>, though it ended up being only marginally faster than the <a href="/wiki/Cray_X-MP" title="Cray X-MP">Cray X-MP</a>, developed by another team at the company. </p><p>Cray soon left the CEO position to become an independent contractor. He started a new <a href="/wiki/Very_Large_Scale_Integration" class="mw-redirect" title="Very Large Scale Integration">Very Large Scale Integration</a> technology lab for the Cray-2 in <a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder, Colorado</a>, <b>Cray Laboratories</b>, in 1979, which closed in 1982; undaunted, Cray later headed a similar spin-off in 1989, Cray Computer Corporation (CCC) in <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, Colorado</a>, where he worked on the <a href="/wiki/Cray-3" title="Cray-3">Cray-3</a> project—the first attempt at major use of <a href="/wiki/Gallium_arsenide" title="Gallium arsenide">gallium arsenide</a> (GaAs) <a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">semiconductors</a> in computing. However, the changing political climate (collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a> and the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>) resulted in poor sales prospects. Ultimately, only one Cray-3 was delivered, and a number of follow-on designs were never completed. The company filed for <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a> in 1995. CCC's remains then became Cray's final corporation, <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Cray#SRC_Computers" title="Seymour Cray">SRC Computers, Inc</a>. </p><p>Cray Research continued development along a separate line of computers, originally with lead designer <a href="/wiki/Steve_Chen_(computer_engineer)" title="Steve Chen (computer engineer)">Steve Chen</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Cray_X-MP" title="Cray X-MP">Cray X-MP</a>. After Chen's departure, the <a href="/wiki/Cray_Y-MP" title="Cray Y-MP">Cray Y-MP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cray_C90" title="Cray C90">Cray C90</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cray_T90" title="Cray T90">Cray T90</a> were developed on the original Cray-1 architecture but achieved much greater performance via multiple additional processors, faster clocks, and wider vector pipes. The uncertainty of the Cray-2 project gave rise to a number of Cray-object-code compatible "Crayette" firms: Scientific Computer Systems (SCS), American Supercomputer, <a href="/wiki/Supertek" class="mw-redirect" title="Supertek">Supertek</a>, and perhaps one other firm. These firms did not intend to compete against Cray and therefore attempted less expensive, slower CMOS versions of the X-MP with the release of the COS operating system (SCS) and the CFT <a href="/wiki/Fortran" title="Fortran">Fortran</a> compiler; they also considered the <a href="/wiki/Cray_Time_Sharing_System" title="Cray Time Sharing System">Cray Time Sharing System</a> operating system, developed at <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy_national_laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Energy national laboratories">United States Department of Energy national laboratories</a> (<a href="/wiki/LANL" class="mw-redirect" title="LANL">LANL</a>/<a href="/wiki/LLNL" class="mw-redirect" title="LLNL">LLNL</a>), before joining the broader trend toward adoption of <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unixes</a>. Today, Cray OS is a specialized version of <a href="/wiki/SuSE_Linux_Enterprise_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="SuSE Linux Enterprise Server">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Processor_board_cray-2_hg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Processor_board_cray-2_hg.jpg/220px-Processor_board_cray-2_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Processor_board_cray-2_hg.jpg/330px-Processor_board_cray-2_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Processor_board_cray-2_hg.jpg/440px-Processor_board_cray-2_hg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2232" data-file-height="1128" /></a><figcaption>Cray T3E processor board</figcaption></figure> <p>A series of <a href="/wiki/Massively_parallel" title="Massively parallel">massively parallel</a> computers from <a href="/wiki/Thinking_Machines_Corporation" title="Thinking Machines Corporation">Thinking Machines Corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kendall_Square_Research" title="Kendall Square Research">Kendall Square Research</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>, <a href="/wiki/NCUBE" title="NCUBE">nCUBE</a>, <a href="/wiki/MasPar" title="MasPar">MasPar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Meiko_Scientific" title="Meiko Scientific">Meiko Scientific</a> took over the 1980s high performance market. At first, Cray Research denigrated such approaches by complaining that developing software to effectively use the machines was difficult – a true complaint in the era of the <a href="/wiki/ILLIAC_IV" title="ILLIAC IV">ILLIAC IV</a>, but becoming less so each day. Cray eventually realized that the approach was likely the only way forward and started a five-year project to capture the lead in this area: the plan's result was the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a> <a href="/wiki/DEC_Alpha" title="DEC Alpha">Alpha</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Cray_T3D" title="Cray T3D">Cray T3D</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cray_T3E" title="Cray T3E">Cray T3E</a> series, which left Cray as the only remaining supercomputer vendor in the market besides NEC's <a href="/wiki/SX_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="SX architecture">SX architecture</a> by 2000. </p><p>Most sites with a Cray installation were considered members of the "exclusive club" of Cray operators. Cray computers were considered quite prestigious because Crays were extremely expensive machines, and the number of units sold was small compared to ordinary <a href="/wiki/Mainframe_computer" title="Mainframe computer">mainframes</a>. This perception extended to countries as well: to boost the perception of exclusivity, Cray Research's marketing department had promotional <a href="/wiki/Necktie" title="Necktie">neckties</a> made with a mosaic of tiny national flags illustrating the "club of Cray-operating countries".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New vendors introduced small supercomputers, known as <a href="/wiki/Minisupercomputer" title="Minisupercomputer">minisupercomputers</a> (as opposed to superminis) during the late 1980s and early 1990s, which out-competed low-end Cray machines in the market. The <a href="/wiki/Convex_Computer" title="Convex Computer">Convex Computer</a> series, as well as a number of small-scale parallel machines from companies like <a href="/wiki/Pyramid_Technology" title="Pyramid Technology">Pyramid Technology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alliant_Computer_Systems" title="Alliant Computer Systems">Alliant Computer Systems</a> were particularly popular. One such vendor was <a href="/wiki/Supertek" class="mw-redirect" title="Supertek">Supertek</a>, whose S-1 machine was an air-cooled <a href="/wiki/CMOS" title="CMOS">CMOS</a> implementation of the X-MP processor. Cray purchased Supertek in 1990 and sold the S-1 as the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XMS" title="Cray XMS">Cray XMS</a>, but the machine proved problematic; meanwhile, the not-yet-completed S-2, a Y-MP clone, was later offered as the <a href="/wiki/Cray_Y-MP" title="Cray Y-MP">Cray Y-MP</a> (later becoming the <a href="/wiki/Cray_EL90" title="Cray EL90">Cray EL90</a>) which started to sell in reasonable numbers in 1991–92—to mostly smaller companies, notably in the oil exploration business. This line evolved into the <a href="/wiki/Cray_J90" title="Cray J90">Cray J90</a> and eventually the <a href="/wiki/Cray_SV1" title="Cray SV1">Cray SV1</a> in 1998. </p><p>In December 1991, Cray purchased some of the assets of <a href="/wiki/Floating_Point_Systems" title="Floating Point Systems">Floating Point Systems</a>, another minisuper vendor that had moved into the <a href="/wiki/File_server" title="File server">file server</a> market with its <a href="/wiki/SPARC" title="SPARC">SPARC</a>-based Model 500 line.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These <a href="/wiki/Symmetric_multiprocessing" title="Symmetric multiprocessing">symmetric multiprocessing</a> machines scaled up to 64 processors and ran a modified version of the <a href="/wiki/Solaris_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</a> operating system from <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a>. Cray set up Cray Research Superservers, Inc. (later the <a href="/wiki/Cray_Business_Systems_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Cray Business Systems Division">Cray Business Systems Division</a>) to sell this system as the <a href="/wiki/Cray_S-MP" title="Cray S-MP">Cray S-MP</a>, later replacing it with the <a href="/wiki/Cray_CS6400" title="Cray CS6400">Cray CS6400</a>. In spite of these machines being some of the most powerful available when applied to appropriate workloads, Cray was never very successful in this market, possibly due to it being so foreign to its existing market niche. </p><p>CCC was building the <a href="/wiki/Cray-3/SSS" title="Cray-3/SSS">Cray-3/SSS</a> when it went into <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapter 11">Chapter 11</a> bankruptcy in March 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Silicon_Graphics_ownership:_1996–2000"><span id="Silicon_Graphics_ownership:_1996.E2.80.932000"></span>Silicon Graphics ownership: 1996–2000</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Silicon Graphics ownership: 1996–2000"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 1996, Cray Research was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics" title="Silicon Graphics">Silicon Graphics</a> (SGI) for $740 million.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1996, SGI sold the Superservers business to Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sun then turned the UltraSPARC-based <i>Starfire</i> project then under development into the extremely successful <a href="/wiki/Sun_Enterprise_10000" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Enterprise 10000">Sun Enterprise 10000</a> range of servers.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SGI used several Cray technologies in its attempt to move from the graphics workstation market into supercomputing. Key among these was the use of the Cray-developed <a href="/wiki/HIPPI" title="HIPPI">HIPPI</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer bus">computer bus</a> and details of the interconnects used in the T3 series. SGI's long-term strategy was to merge its high-end server line with Cray's product lines in two phases, code-named <i>SN1</i> and <i>SN2</i> (SN standing for "Scalable Node"). The SN1 was intended to replace the T3E and <a href="/wiki/SGI_Origin_2000" title="SGI Origin 2000">SGI Origin 2000</a> systems and later became the <i>SN-MIPS</i> or <a href="/wiki/SGI_Origin_3000" class="mw-redirect" title="SGI Origin 3000">SGI Origin 3000</a> architecture. The SN2 was originally intended to unify all high-end/supercomputer product lines including the T90 into a single architecture. This goal was never achieved before SGI divested itself of the Cray business, and the SN2 name was later associated with the <i>SN-IA</i> or SGI <a href="/wiki/Altix" title="Altix">Altix</a> 3000 architecture. </p><p>In October 1996, founder Seymour Cray died as a result of a traffic accident.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1998, under SGI ownership, one new Cray model line, the <a href="/wiki/Cray_SV1" title="Cray SV1">Cray SV1</a>, was launched. This was a clustered SMP vector processor architecture, developed from J90 technology.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 2, 2000, Cray was sold to <a href="/wiki/Tera_Computer_Company" title="Tera Computer Company">Tera Computer Company</a>, which was renamed Cray Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Tera_merger:_2000–2019"><span id="Post-Tera_merger:_2000.E2.80.932019"></span>Post-Tera merger: 2000–2019</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Post-Tera merger: 2000–2019"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HLRN_III_Konrad_Cray_C30_XC40.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/HLRN_III_Konrad_Cray_C30_XC40.jpg/440px-HLRN_III_Konrad_Cray_C30_XC40.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/HLRN_III_Konrad_Cray_C30_XC40.jpg/660px-HLRN_III_Konrad_Cray_C30_XC40.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/HLRN_III_Konrad_Cray_C30_XC40.jpg/880px-HLRN_III_Konrad_Cray_C30_XC40.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="435" /></a><figcaption>Cray-designed HLRN-III <i>Konrad</i> (XC30/XC40) at <a href="/wiki/Zuse_Institute_Berlin" title="Zuse Institute Berlin">Zuse Institute Berlin</a>, featuring a portrait of German computer pioneer <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Zuse" title="Konrad Zuse">Konrad Zuse</a>, 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>After the Tera merger, the Tera MTA system was relaunched as the <a href="/wiki/Cray_MTA-2" title="Cray MTA-2">Cray MTA-2</a>. This was not a commercial success and shipped to only two customers. Cray Inc. also unsuccessfully badged the <a href="/wiki/NEC_SX-6" title="NEC SX-6">NEC SX-6</a> supercomputer as the Cray SX-6 and acquired exclusive rights to sell the SX-6 in the US, Canada, and Mexico. </p><p>In 2002, Cray Inc. announced its first new model, the <a href="/wiki/Cray_X1" title="Cray X1">Cray X1</a> combined architecture <a href="/wiki/Vector_processor" title="Vector processor">vector processor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Massively_parallel" title="Massively parallel">massively parallel</a> supercomputer.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Previously known as the <i>SV2</i>, the X1 is the result of the earlier <i>SN2</i> concept originated during the SGI years. In May 2004, Cray was announced to be one of the partners in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">United States Department of Energy</a>'s fastest-computer-in-the-world project to build a 50 tera<a href="/wiki/Flops" class="mw-redirect" title="Flops">Flops</a> machine for the <a href="/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratory">Oak Ridge National Laboratory</a>. Cray was sued in 2002 by Isothermal Systems Research for patent infringement. The suit claimed that Cray used ISR's patented technology in the development of the Cray X1.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lawsuit was settled in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of November 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Cray_X1" title="Cray X1">Cray X1</a> had a maximum measured performance of 5.9 teraflops, being the 29th fastest supercomputer in the world. Since then the X1 has been superseded by the X1E, with faster dual-core processors. </p><p>On October 4, 2004, the company announced the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XD1" title="Cray XD1">Cray XD1</a> range of entry-level supercomputers which use dual-core <a href="/wiki/64-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="64-bit">64-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Micro_Devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Micro Devices">Advanced Micro Devices</a> <a href="/wiki/Opteron" title="Opteron">Opteron</a> <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">central processing units</a> running <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This system was previously known as the OctigaBay 12K before Cray's acquisition of that company. The XD1 provided one <a href="/wiki/Xilinx" title="Xilinx">Xilinx</a> Virtex II Pro field-programmable gate array (<a href="/wiki/FPGA" class="mw-redirect" title="FPGA">FPGA</a>) with each node of four Opteron processors. The FPGAs could be configured to embody various <a href="/wiki/Digital_hardware" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital hardware">digital hardware</a> designs and could augment the processing or input/output capabilities of the Opteron processors. Furthermore, each FPGA contains a pair of <a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> 405 processors which can add to the already considerable power of a single node. The Cray XD1, although moderately successful, was eventually discontinued. </p><p>In 2004, Cray completed the <a href="/wiki/Red_Storm_(computing)" title="Red Storm (computing)">Red Storm</a> system for <a href="/wiki/Sandia_National_Laboratories" title="Sandia National Laboratories">Sandia National Laboratories</a>. Red Storm was to become the jumping-off point for a string of successful products that eventually revitalized Cray in supercomputing. Red Storm had processors clustered in 96 unit cabinets, a theoretical maximum of 300 cabinets in a machine, and a design speed of 41.5 teraflops. Red Storm also included an innovative new design for network interconnects, which was dubbed SeaStar and destined to be the centerpiece of succeeding innovations by Cray. The <a href="/wiki/Cray_XT3" title="Cray XT3">Cray XT3</a> massively parallel supercomputer became a commercialized version of Red Storm, similar in many respects to the earlier T3E architecture, but, like the XD1, using AMD Opteron processors. </p><p>On August 8, 2005, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Ungaro" title="Peter Ungaro">Peter Ungaro</a> was appointed CEO. Ungaro had joined Cray in August 2003 as Vice President of Sales and Marketing and had been made Cray's President in March 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Introduced in 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XT4" title="Cray XT4">Cray XT4</a> added support for DDR2 memory, newer dual-core and future quad-core <a href="/wiki/Opteron" title="Opteron">Opteron</a> processors and utilized a second generation SeaStar2 communication coprocessor. It also included an option for FPGA chips to be plugged directly into processor sockets, unlike the Cray XD1, which required a dedicated socket for the FPGA coprocessor.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 13, 2006, Cray announced a new system, the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XMT" title="Cray XMT">Cray XMT</a>, based on the MTA series of machines.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This system combined multi-threaded processors, as used on the original Tera systems, and the SeaStar2 interconnect used by the XT4. By reusing <a href="/wiki/Application-specific_integrated_circuit" title="Application-specific integrated circuit">ASICs</a>, boards, cabinets, and system software used by the comparatively higher volume XT4 product, the cost of making the very specialized MTA system could be reduced. A second generation of the XMT is scheduled for release in 2011, with the first system ordered by the Swiss National Supercomputing Center (CSCS).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, Cray announced a vision of products dubbed <i>Adaptive Supercomputing</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first generation of such systems, dubbed the <i>Rainier Project</i>, used a common interconnect network (SeaStar2), programming environment, cabinet design, and I/O subsystem. These systems included the existing XT4 and the XMT. The second generation, launched as the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XT5" title="Cray XT5">XT5h</a>, allowed a system to combine compute elements of various types into a common system, sharing infrastructure. The XT5h combined Opteron, vector, multithreaded, and <a href="/wiki/FPGA" class="mw-redirect" title="FPGA">FPGA</a> compute processors in a single system. </p><p>In April 2008, Cray and <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> announced they would collaborate on future supercomputer systems. This partnership produced the <a href="/wiki/Cray_CX1" title="Cray CX1">Cray CX1</a> system, launched in September the same year. This was a deskside <a href="/wiki/Blade_server" title="Blade server">blade server</a> system, comprising up to 16 dual- or quad-core Intel <a href="/wiki/Xeon" title="Xeon">Xeon</a> processors, with either <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> <a href="/wiki/Windows_HPC_Server_2008" title="Windows HPC Server 2008">Windows HPC Server 2008</a> or <a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a> installed.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 2009, the largest computer system Cray had delivered was the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XT5" title="Cray XT5">Cray XT5</a> system at <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Computational_Sciences" title="National Center for Computational Sciences">National Center for Computational Sciences</a> at <a href="/wiki/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="Oak Ridge National Laboratories">Oak Ridge National Laboratories</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This system, with over 224,000 processing cores, was dubbed <i><a href="/wiki/Jaguar_(supercomputer)" title="Jaguar (supercomputer)">Jaguar</a></i> and was the fastest computer in the world as measured by the <a href="/wiki/LINPACK" title="LINPACK">LINPACK</a> benchmark<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the speed of 1.75 petaflops<sup id="cite_ref-cnet-jaguar_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnet-jaguar-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until being surpassed by the <a href="/wiki/Tianhe-1A" class="mw-redirect" title="Tianhe-1A">Tianhe-1A</a> in October 2010. It was the first system to exceed a sustained performance of 1 petaflops on a 64-bit scientific application. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CraySC18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CraySC18.jpg/220px-CraySC18.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CraySC18.jpg/330px-CraySC18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CraySC18.jpg/440px-CraySC18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="4928" /></a><figcaption>Cray stand at the 2018 Supercomputing Conference SC18 in Dallas, Texas, USA.</figcaption></figure> <p>In May 2010, the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XE6" title="Cray XE6">Cray XE6</a> supercomputer was announced. The Cray XE6 system had at its core the new Gemini system interconnect. This new interconnect included a true global-address space and represented a return to the T3E feature set that had been so successful with Cray Research. This product was a successful follow-on to the XT3, XT4 and XT5 products. The first multi-cabinet XE6 system was shipped in July 2010. The next generation <i>Cascade</i><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> systems were designed make use of future multicore and/or <a href="/wiki/Manycore_processor" title="Manycore processor">manycore processors</a> from vendors such as Intel and Nvidia. Cascade was scheduled to be introduced in early 2013 and designed to use the next-generation network chip and follow-on to Gemini, code named <i>Aries</i>. </p><p>In early 2010, Cray also introduced the <a href="/wiki/Cray_CX1000" title="Cray CX1000">Cray CX1000</a>, a rack-mounted system with a choice of compute-based, GPU-based, or SMP-based chassis.<sup id="cite_ref-cray_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cray-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CX1 and CX1000 product lines were sold until late 2011. </p><p>In 2011, Cray announced the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XK6" title="Cray XK6">Cray XK6</a> hybrid supercomputer. The Cray XK6 system, capable of scaling to 500,000 processors and 50 petaflops of peak performance,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> combines Cray's Gemini interconnect, AMD's multi-core scalar processors, and <a href="/wiki/Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a>'s Tesla <a href="/wiki/GPGPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPGPU">GPGPU</a> processors. In October 2012 Cray announced the <a href="/wiki/Cray_XK7" title="Cray XK7">Cray XK7</a> which supports the Nvidia Kepler GPGPU and announced that the ORNL Jaguar system would be upgraded to an XK7 (renamed <i><a href="/wiki/Titan_(supercomputer)" title="Titan (supercomputer)">Titan</a></i>) and capable of over 20 petaflops.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Titan was the world's fastest supercomputer as measured by the <a href="/wiki/LINPACK" title="LINPACK">LINPACK</a> benchmark<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Tianhe-2" title="Tianhe-2">Tianhe-2</a> in 2013, which is substantially faster. </p><p>In 2011 Cray also announced it had been awarded the $188 million <a href="/wiki/Blue_Waters" title="Blue Waters">Blue Waters</a> contract with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana%E2%80%93Champaign" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign">University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign</a>, after IBM had pulled out of the delivery.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cray-Nov-2011-8-K_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cray-Nov-2011-8-K-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This system was delivered in 2012 and was the largest system to date, in terms of cabinets and general-purpose x86 processors, that Cray had ever delivered. </p><p>In November 2011, the Cray Sonexion 1300 Data Storage System was introduced and signaled Cray's entry into the high performance storage business. This product used modular technology and a <a href="/wiki/Lustre_(file_system)" title="Lustre (file system)">Lustre file system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, Cray launched the <a href="/wiki/OpenACC" title="OpenACC">OpenACC</a> parallel programming standard organization.<sup id="cite_ref-cray2_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cray2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, Cray announced that it was deprecating <a href="/wiki/OpenACC" title="OpenACC">OpenACC</a>, and will support <a href="/wiki/OpenMP" title="OpenMP">OpenMP</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in 2022, the Cray Fortran compiler still supported OpenACC,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in part due to its usage in the ICON climate simulation code.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2012, Cray announced the sale of its interconnect hardware development program and related intellectual property to Intel for $140 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Cray-Apr-2012-8-K_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cray-Apr-2012-8-K-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cray-sells-hpc-to-intel_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cray-sells-hpc-to-intel-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-forbes_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 9, 2012, Cray announced the acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Appro_International,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Appro International, Inc.">Appro International, Inc.</a>, a California-based privately held developer of advanced scalable supercomputing solutions.<sup id="cite_ref-Cray-Nov-2012-8-K_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cray-Nov-2012-8-K-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2012 the #3 provider on the Top100 supercomputer list, Appro builds some of the world's most advanced high performance computing (HPC) cluster systems. In 2012, Cray also opened a subsidiary in China.<sup id="cite_ref-geekwire_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geekwire-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subsidiary_of_Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise:_2019–present"><span id="Subsidiary_of_Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise:_2019.E2.80.93present"></span>Subsidiary of Hewlett Packard Enterprise: 2019–present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Subsidiary of Hewlett Packard Enterprise: 2019–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On September 25, 2019, <a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">Hewlett Packard Enterprise</a> (HPE) acquired the company for $1.3 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2020, HPE was awarded the contract to build the pre-exascale <a href="/wiki/European_High-Performance_Computing_Joint_Undertaking" title="European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking">EuroHPC</a> computer <a href="/wiki/LUMI" title="LUMI">LUMI</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Kajaani" title="Kajaani">Kajaani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hpe_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hpe-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The contract, worth €144.5 million, is for an HPE Cray EX system, with a theoretical maximum performance of 550 <a href="/wiki/Petaflops" class="mw-redirect" title="Petaflops">petaflops</a>. Once fully operational, LUMI will become one of the fastest supercomputers in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 28, 2022, the US <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a> (NOAA) inaugurated the nation’s newest weather and climate supercomputers, two HPE Cray supercomputers installed and operated by <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics" title="General Dynamics">General Dynamics</a> (GDIT). Each supercomputer operates at 12.1 <a href="/wiki/Petaflops" class="mw-redirect" title="Petaflops">petaflops</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 18, 2024, the US National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) unveiled an HPE Cray supercomputer for use in nuclear weapons analysis and inertial confinement fusion design.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The supercomputer is housed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), and was ranked at #1 in the TOP500 supercomputer list in the November 2024 edition. HPE Cray supercomputers were listed in 7 of the top 10 positions on the list, including the #1, #2, and #3 positions.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-xbrlus_2013-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-xbrlus_2013_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/949158/000094915814000007/0000949158-14-000007-index.htm">"CRAY INC 2013 Annual Report Form (10-K)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XBRL)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=investors.cray.com&rft.atitle=Press+Release+%26%23124%3B+Cray+Inc.+Reports+2017+Full+Year+and+Fourth+Quarter+Financial+Results+%26%23124%3B+Cray+Investors%3A+Press+Releases&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvestors.cray.com%2Fphoenix.zhtml%3Fc%3D98390%26p%3Dirol-newsarticle%26ID%3D2332873&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKardashian2015" class="citation news cs1">Kardashian, Kirk (August 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fortune.com/2015/08/05/venture-capital-hits-average/">"Could a 'Moneyball' approach help VCs improve their success rate?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fortune&rft.atitle=Could+a+%27Moneyball%27+approach+help+VCs+improve+their+success+rate%3F&rft.date=2015-08-05&rft.aulast=Kardashian&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffortune.com%2F2015%2F08%2F05%2Fventure-capital-hits-average%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.top500.org/">"TOP500 Supercomputer Sites"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TOP500" title="TOP500">TOP500</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TOP500+Supercomputer+Sites&rft.pub=TOP500&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.top500.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edgar.secdatabase.com/1237/89102003000047/filing-main.htm">"Cray, Form S-3, Filing Date Jan 6, 2003"</a>. secdatabase.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cray%2C+Form+S-3%2C+Filing+Date+Jan+6%2C+2003&rft.pub=secdatabase.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedgar.secdatabase.com%2F1237%2F89102003000047%2Ffiling-main.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200103015234/https://www.cray.com/company/careers/where-we-are-what-we-do">"Where We Are & What We Do: Locations & Products"</a>. 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November 14, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NVIDIA%2C+Cray%2C+PGI%2C+CAPS+Unveil+%27OpenACC%27+Programming+Standard+for+Parallel+Computing&rft.pub=NVIDIA&rft.date=2011-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnvidianews.nvidia.com%2Fnews%2Fnvidia-cray-pgi-caps-unveil-openacc-programming-standard-for-parallel-computing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/hpc_guru/status/1113565651350589441">"HPC_Guru tweet: Cray's views on #OpenACC vs #OpenMP - John Levesque at the PPP meeting in Denver"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hewlett+Packard+Enterprise&rft.atitle=Hewlett+Packard+Enterprise+wins+%24160M%2B+contract+to+power+one+of+the+world%27s+fastest+supercomputers+based+in+Finland+to+bolster+Europe%27s+research+in+science+and+unlock+economic+growth&rft.date=2020-10-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hpe.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Fnewsroom%2Fpress-release%2F2020%2F10%2Fhewlett-packard-enterprise-wins-160m-contract-to-power-one-of-the-worlds-fastest-supercomputers-based-in-finland-to-bolster-europes-research-in-science-and-unlock-economic-growth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210610152353/https://eurohpc-ju.europa.eu/news/lumi-new-eurohpc-world-class-supercomputer-finland">"LUMI: a new EuroHPC world-class supercomputer in Finland | European High Performance Computer Joint Undertaking"</a>. <i>eurohpc-ju.europa.eu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eurohpc-ju.europa.eu/news/lumi-new-eurohpc-world-class-supercomputer-finland">the original</a> on June 10, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eurohpc-ju.europa.eu&rft.atitle=LUMI%3A+a+new+EuroHPC+world-class+supercomputer+in+Finland+%7C+European+High+Performance+Computer+Joint+Undertaking&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feurohpc-ju.europa.eu%2Fnews%2Flumi-new-eurohpc-world-class-supercomputer-finland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/us-supercomputers-for-weather-and-climate-forecasts-get-major-bump">"U.S. supercomputers for weather and climate forecasts get major bump"</a> (Press release). <a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a>. June 28, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+supercomputers+for+weather+and+climate+forecasts+get+major+bump&rft.pub=NOAA&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.noaa.gov%2Fnews-release%2Fus-supercomputers-for-weather-and-climate-forecasts-get-major-bump&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGenkina2024" class="citation web cs1">Genkina, Dina (November 19, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/supercomputer-for-nukes">"New Fastest Supercomputer Will Simulate Nuke Testing"</a>. <i>IEEE Spectrum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Spectrum&rft.atitle=New+Fastest+Supercomputer+Will+Simulate+Nuke+Testing&rft.date=2024-11-19&rft.aulast=Genkina&rft.aufirst=Dina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum.ieee.org%2Fsupercomputer-for-nukes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.top500.org/lists/top500/2024/11/">"TOP 500: November 2024"</a>. <i>TOP500</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TOP500&rft.atitle=TOP+500%3A+November+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.top500.org%2Flists%2Ftop500%2F2024%2F11%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurray1997" class="citation book cs1">Murray, Charles J. (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/supermenstory00murr"><i>The Supermen: The Story of Seymour Cray and the Technical Wizards behind the Supercomputer</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-04885-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-04885-2"><bdi>0-471-04885-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Supermen%3A+The+Story+of+Seymour+Cray+and+the+Technical+Wizards+behind+the+Supercomputer&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-471-04885-2&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=Charles+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsupermenstory00murr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarkai2023" class="citation book cs1">Barkai, David (2023). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.routledge.com/Unmatched-50-Years-of-Supercomputing/Barkai/p/book/9780367479619"><i>Unmatched : 50 years of Supercomputing</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/CRC_Press" title="CRC Press">CRC Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780367479619" title="Special:BookSources/9780367479619"><bdi>9780367479619</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unmatched+%3A+50+years+of+Supercomputing&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9780367479619&rft.aulast=Barkai&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.routledge.com%2FUnmatched-50-Years-of-Supercomputing%2FBarkai%2Fp%2Fbook%2F9780367479619&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACray" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksim.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nuvola_apps_ksim.png/28px-Nuvola_apps_ksim.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nuvola_apps_ksim.png/42px-Nuvola_apps_ksim.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Nuvola_apps_ksim.png/56px-Nuvola_apps_ksim.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Electronics" title="Portal:Electronics">Electronics portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cray&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cray_Inc" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cray Inc">Cray</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cray.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cray-history.net/">Cray-History.net a comprehensive site with history of machines, sales documents, Cray Channels magazine and FAQ notes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/cgi-bin/sitewise.pl?act=sect&pt=1609_398&s=2257">Cray Manuals Library @ Computing History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bitsavers.org/pdf/cray/">Cray Manuals at bitsavers.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.computerhistory.org/brochures/a-c/com-42b9d5d68b216/">Historic Cray Research Marketing Materials at the Computer History Museum</a></li> <li>Cray headquarters is at coordinates <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Cray&params=47.6060_N_122.3320_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">47°36′22″N</span> <span class="longitude">122°19′55″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">47.6060°N 122.3320°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">47.6060; -122.3320</span></span></span></a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cray_computers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cray computers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cray_computers85" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cray</a> computers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cray Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cray-1" title="Cray-1">Cray-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_X-MP" title="Cray X-MP">Cray X-MP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray-2" title="Cray-2">Cray-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_Y-MP" title="Cray Y-MP">Cray Y-MP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XMS" title="Cray XMS">Cray XMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_Y-MP_EL" class="mw-redirect" title="Cray Y-MP EL">Cray Y-MP EL</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cray_C90" title="Cray C90">Cray C90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_EL90" title="Cray EL90">Cray EL90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_T3D" title="Cray T3D">Cray T3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_J90" title="Cray J90">Cray J90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_T90" title="Cray T90">Cray T90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_T3E" title="Cray T3E">Cray T3E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_SV1" title="Cray SV1">Cray SV1</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EPFL_CRAY-I_1_clean.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/EPFL_CRAY-I_1_clean.jpg/120px-EPFL_CRAY-I_1_clean.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/EPFL_CRAY-I_1_clean.jpg/180px-EPFL_CRAY-I_1_clean.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/EPFL_CRAY-I_1_clean.jpg/240px-EPFL_CRAY-I_1_clean.jpg 2x" data-file-width="884" data-file-height="910" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cray Computer Corp.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cray-3" title="Cray-3">Cray-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray-3/SSS" title="Cray-3/SSS">Cray-3/SSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray-4" title="Cray-4">Cray-4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cray Research Superservers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cray_APP" title="Cray APP">Cray APP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_S-MP" title="Cray S-MP">Cray S-MP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_CS6400" title="Cray CS6400">Cray CS6400</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cray Inc.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NEC_SX-6" title="NEC SX-6">Cray SX-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_MTA-2" title="Cray MTA-2">Cray MTA-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Storm_(computing)" title="Red Storm (computing)">Cray Red Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_X1" title="Cray X1">Cray X1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XT3" title="Cray XT3">Cray XT3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XD1" title="Cray XD1">Cray XD1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XT4" title="Cray XT4">Cray XT4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XMT" title="Cray XMT">Cray XMT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XT5" title="Cray XT5">Cray XT5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_CX1" title="Cray CX1">Cray CX1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XT6" title="Cray XT6">Cray XT6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XE6" title="Cray XE6">Cray XE6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_CX1000" title="Cray CX1000">Cray CX1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XK6" title="Cray XK6">Cray XK6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XK7" title="Cray XK7">Cray XK7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XC30" title="Cray XC30">Cray XC30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XC40" title="Cray XC40">Cray XC40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_XC50" title="Cray XC50">Cray XC50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_Urika-XA" title="Cray Urika-XA">Urika-XA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cray_Urika-GD" title="Cray Urika-GD">Urika-GD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hewlett-Packard374" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:HP" title="Template:HP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:HP" title="Template talk:HP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:HP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:HP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hewlett-Packard374" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_Inc." title="HP Inc.">HP Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">Hewlett Packard Enterprise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewlett" title="Bill Hewlett">Bill Hewlett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Packard" title="David Packard">David Packard</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:HP_logo_2012.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/HP_logo_2012.svg/110px-HP_logo_2012.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/HP_logo_2012.svg/165px-HP_logo_2012.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/HP_logo_2012.svg/220px-HP_logo_2012.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">Directors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Andreessen" title="Marc Andreessen">Marc Andreessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_M._Atalla" title="Mohamed M. Atalla">Mohamed M. Atalla</a></li> <li>Shumeet Banerji</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajiv_L._Gupta" title="Rajiv L. Gupta">Raj Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_J._Lane" title="Raymond J. Lane">Raymond J. Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Livermore" title="Ann Livermore">Ann Livermore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_M._Reiner" title="Gary M. Reiner">Gary M. Reiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Russo" title="Patricia Russo">Patricia F. Russo</a> (Chairwoman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Skinner" class="mw-redirect" title="Jim Skinner">Jim Skinner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Executive <br />officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Whitman" title="Meg Whitman">Meg Whitman</a></li> <li>Todd Bradley</li> <li>Dave Donatelli</li> <li>Martin Fink</li> <li>Henry Gomez</li> <li>John Hinshaw</li> <li>Marty Homlish</li> <li>George Kadifa</li> <li>Tracy Keogh</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_A._Lesjak" title="Catherine A. Lesjak">Cathie Lesjak</a></li> <li>Mike Nefkens</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Neri_(businessman)" title="Antonio Neri (businessman)">Antonio Neri</a></li> <li>John F. Schultz</li> <li>Bill Veghte</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Computer <br />hardware <br />products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">HPE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Servers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HPE_BladeSystem" title="HPE BladeSystem">BladeSystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HPE_Integrity_Servers" title="HPE Integrity Servers">Integrity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HPE_Superdome" title="HPE Superdome">Superdome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProLiant" title="ProLiant">ProLiant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NonStop_(server_computers)" title="NonStop (server computers)">NonStop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Storage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HPE_Storage" class="mw-redirect" title="HPE Storage">HPE Storage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HPE_XP" title="HPE XP">HPE XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HPE_3PAR" class="mw-redirect" title="HPE 3PAR">HPE 3PAR</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HP_Inc." title="HP Inc.">HP Inc.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Business_laptops78" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business laptops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_ProBook" title="HP ProBook">ProBook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_EliteBook" title="HP EliteBook">EliteBook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_ZBook" title="HP ZBook">ZBook</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_HP_business_desktops" title="List of HP business desktops">Business desktops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>ProDesk</li> <li>EliteDesk</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Z" title="HP Z">Z workstations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consumer PCs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_OmniBook" title="HP OmniBook">OmniBook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Omen" title="HP Omen">OMEN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromebox" title="Chromebox">HP Chromebox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Consumer electronics<br />and accessories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aruba_Networks" title="Aruba Networks">Aruba Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_calculators" title="HP calculators">Calculators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teradici" title="Teradici">Teradici</a></li> <li>HyperX</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantronics" title="Plantronics">Plantronics</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Photography_and_printing24" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Photography and printing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_DeskJet" title="HP DeskJet">DeskJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JetDirect" title="JetDirect">JetDirect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_LaserJet" title="HP LaserJet">LaserJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_ScanJet" title="HP ScanJet">ScanJet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scitex_Vision" title="Scitex Vision">Scitex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Photosmart" title="HP Photosmart">Photosmart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Memory_Systems" title="Colorado Memory Systems">Colorado Memory Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigo_Digital_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigo Digital Press">Indigo Digital Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scitex_Vision" title="Scitex Vision">Scitex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HPE_Systems_Insight_Manager" title="HPE Systems Insight Manager">Systems Insight Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise_Networking" class="mw-redirect" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise Networking">HPE Networking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HyperSpace_(software)" title="HyperSpace (software)">HyperSpace OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP-UX" title="HP-UX">HP-UX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Data_Protector" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Data Protector">HP Data Protector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NonStop_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="NonStop OS">NonStop OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NonStop_SQL" title="NonStop SQL">NonStop SQL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued<br />products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq</a> line</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_business_desktops" class="mw-redirect" title="HP business desktops">HP Compaq</a> <ul><li>HP Compaq Elite</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compaq_tc1000" title="Compaq tc1000">TC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compaq_Presario" title="Compaq Presario">Presario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compaq_Evo" title="Compaq Evo">Evo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPAQ" title="IPAQ">iPAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlphaServer" title="AlphaServer">AlphaServer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domain/OS" title="Domain/OS">Domain/OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LightScribe" title="LightScribe">LightScribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Multi-Programming_Executive" title="HP Multi-Programming Executive">MPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenVMS" title="OpenVMS">OpenVMS</a> (sold)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickPlay" title="QuickPlay">HP QuickPlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tru64_UNIX" title="Tru64 UNIX">Tru64 UNIX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebOS" title="WebOS">WebOS</a> (sold)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_Cloud" title="HP Cloud">HP Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_CloudSystem" title="HP CloudSystem">HP CloudSystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HPE_Helion" title="HPE Helion">HPE Helion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_Jornada" title="HP Jornada">Jornada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_OmniGo" class="mw-redirect" title="HP OmniGo">OmniGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPod%2BHP" title="IPod+HP">iPod+HP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VoodooPC" title="VoodooPC">VoodooPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_TouchPad" title="HP TouchPad">TouchPad</a></li> <li>Internet Advisor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Pavilion" title="HP Pavilion">Pavilion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Spectre" title="HP Spectre">Spectre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Envy" title="HP Envy">ENVY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Essential_laptops#HP_Stream_series" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Essential laptops">Stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Essential_laptops" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Essential laptops">Essential laptops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Vectra" title="HP Vectra">Vectra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Brio" title="HP Brio">Brio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Mini" title="HP Mini">Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Slate" title="HP Slate">Slate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_TouchSmart" title="HP TouchSmart">TouchSmart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprout_(computer)" title="Sprout (computer)">Sprout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_NetServer" title="HP NetServer">NetServer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Kayak" title="HP Kayak">Kayak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VoodooPC" title="VoodooPC">VoodooPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProCurve" title="ProCurve">ProCurve</a></li> <li>Sold: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palm,_Inc." title="Palm, Inc.">Palm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snapfish" title="Snapfish">Snapfish</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">HP CEOs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hewlett-Packard_executive_leadership" title="List of Hewlett-Packard executive leadership">List of HP executives</a></li> <li>Co-founders <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewlett" title="Bill Hewlett">Bill Hewlett</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Packard" title="David Packard">David Packard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Young" title="John A. Young">John A. Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_E._Platt" title="Lewis E. Platt">Lewis E. Platt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carly_Fiorina" title="Carly Fiorina">Carly Fiorina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hurd" title="Mark Hurd">Mark Hurd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Apotheker" title="Léo Apotheker">Léo Apotheker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meg_Whitman" title="Meg Whitman">Meg Whitman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Assets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP_Garage" title="HP Garage">HP Garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Labs" title="HP Labs">HP Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utimaco_Atalla" title="Utimaco Atalla">HP Atalla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_acquisitions_by_Hewlett-Packard" title="List of acquisitions by Hewlett-Packard">Acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewlett-Packard_spying_scandal" title="Hewlett-Packard spying scandal">HP spying scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_assets_owned_by_HP" title="List of assets owned by HP">HP Inc. assets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hewlett-Packard_products" title="List of Hewlett-Packard products">Products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission:_Space" title="Mission: Space">Mission: SPACE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Wozniak" title="Steve Wozniak">Steve Wozniak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Silicon_Graphics143" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Silicon_Graphics" title="Template:Silicon Graphics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Silicon_Graphics" title="Template talk:Silicon Graphics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Silicon_Graphics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Silicon Graphics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Silicon_Graphics143" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Silicon Graphics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Company</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics" title="Silicon Graphics">Silicon Graphics</a> (1981–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics_International" title="Silicon Graphics International">Silicon Graphics International</a> (2009–2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Akeley" title="Kurt Akeley">Kurt Akeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Belluzzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Rick Belluzzo">Rick Belluzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_J._Brown_(computer_scientist)" title="David J. Brown (computer scientist)">David J. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Clark" title="James H. Clark">James H. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Haeberli" title="Paul Haeberli">Paul Haeberli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Hannah" title="Marc Hannah">Marc Hannah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Kuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Herb Kuta">Herb Kuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_Silverstone" title="Abbey Silverstone">Abbey Silverstone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Acquisitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alias_Systems_Corporation" title="Alias Systems Corporation">Alias Research</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kroyer_Films" title="Kroyer Films">Kroyer Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_%26_Hues" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhythm & Hues">Rhythm & Hues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softimage_3D" title="Softimage 3D">Softimage 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wavefront_Technologies" title="Wavefront Technologies">Wavefront Technologies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_architecture" title="Computer architecture">Computer<br />architectures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Motorola_68000_series" title="Motorola 68000 series">Motorola 68000</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SGI_IRIS" title="SGI IRIS">SGI IRIS</a> (former models)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MIPS_architecture" title="MIPS architecture">MIPS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SGI_IRIS_4D" class="mw-redirect" title="SGI IRIS 4D">IRIS 4D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Indigo" title="SGI Indigo">Indigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Indigo%C2%B2_and_Challenge_M" title="SGI Indigo² and Challenge M">Indigo² and Challenge M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Indy" title="SGI Indy">Indy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Crimson" title="SGI Crimson">Crimson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_O2" title="SGI O2">O2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Octane" title="SGI Octane">Octane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Challenge" title="SGI Challenge">Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Onyx" title="SGI Onyx">Onyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Origin_200" title="SGI Origin 200">Origin 200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Origin_2000" title="SGI Origin 2000">Origin 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Onyx2" title="SGI Onyx2">Onyx2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Origin_3000_and_Onyx_3000" title="SGI Origin 3000 and Onyx 3000">Origin and Onyx 3000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Fuel" title="SGI Fuel">Fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Tezro" title="SGI Tezro">Tezro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a>, <a href="/wiki/Itanium" title="Itanium">Itanium</a>, <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Visual_Workstation" title="SGI Visual Workstation">Visual Workstation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altix" title="Altix">Altix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Prism" title="SGI Prism">Prism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_Virtu" title="SGI Virtu">Virtu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Graphics_hardware" title="Graphics hardware">Graphics hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geometry_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Geometry Engine">Geometry Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elan_Graphics" title="Elan Graphics">Elan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_Graphics" title="Extreme Graphics">Extreme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMPACT_(computer_graphics)" title="IMPACT (computer graphics)">Impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SGI_VPro" title="SGI VPro">VPro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealityEngine" title="RealityEngine">RealityEngine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InfiniteReality" title="InfiniteReality">InfiniteReality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IrisVision" title="IrisVision">IrisVision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_Coprocessor" class="mw-redirect" title="Reality Coprocessor">Reality Coprocessor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Monitors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SGI_1600SW" title="SGI 1600SW">1600SW</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IRIX" title="IRIX">IRIX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics_Image" title="Silicon Graphics Image">Image format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MEX_(windowing_system)" title="MEX (windowing system)">MEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iris_WorkSpace" title="Iris WorkSpace">WorkSpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Sight" class="mw-redirect" title="4Sight">4Sight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRIX_Interactive_Desktop" title="IRIX Interactive Desktop">Interactive Desktop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xsgi" title="Xsgi">Xsgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4Dwm" class="mw-redirect" title="4Dwm">4Dwm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XFS" title="XFS">XFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRIS_GL" title="IRIS GL">IRIS GL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenLDI" title="OpenLDI">OpenLDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GIO" title="GIO">GIO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XIO" title="XIO">XIO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NUMAlink" title="NUMAlink">NUMAlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendo_64" title="Nintendo 64">Nintendo 64</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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