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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Spartan regent for king Pleistoanax, fl. 460–457 BC</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Nicomedes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Agiad" class="mw-redirect" title="Agiad">Agiad</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cleombrotus_(regent)" title="Cleombrotus (regent)">Cleombrotus</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nicomedes</b> (<abbr title="floruit ('flourished' – known to have been active at a particular time or during a particular period)">fl.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 460 – 457 BC</span>) was a <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Spartan</a> military commander and a scion of the royal <a href="/wiki/Agiad_dynasty" title="Agiad dynasty">Agiad dynasty</a>. He was a regent of Sparta during the minority of <a href="/wiki/Pleistoanax" title="Pleistoanax">Pleistoanax</a>, the son of his brother <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pausanias (general)">Pausanias</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicomedes_of_Sparta&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nicomedes was the son of <a href="/wiki/Cleombrotus_(regent)" title="Cleombrotus (regent)">Cleombrotus</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (died 479 BC), who was appointed <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a> of Sparta after the death of his brother <a href="/wiki/Leonidas_I" title="Leonidas I">King Leonidas</a> (reigned 489–480 BC) at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae" title="Battle of Thermopylae">Battle of Thermopylae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, Leonidas' son <a href="/wiki/Pleistarchus" title="Pleistarchus">Pleistarchus</a> (reigned 480–458 BC) was not yet of age to rule. When Cleombrotus died, he was succeeded by his son <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pausanias (general)">Pausanias</a> (died 477 BC).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pausanias was starved to death by the Spartans on suspicion of treachery. Pleistarchus was succeeded by Pausanius' son Pleistoanax (reigned 458–409 BC). He too was a minor when he became king, and Nicomedes was appointed regent. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/First_Peloponnesian_War" title="First Peloponnesian War">First Peloponnesian War</a>, between Sparta and its allies (including <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_League" title="Peloponnesian League">Peloponnesian League</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> and its allies (including <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Argos" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Argos">Argos</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Delian_League" title="Delian League">Delian League</a>), had broken out in 460 BC. When the <a href="/wiki/Phocis_(ancient_region)" title="Phocis (ancient region)">Phocians</a> attacked the <a href="/wiki/Doris_(Greece)" title="Doris (Greece)">Doris</a>, which was considered the homeland of the <a href="/wiki/Dorians" title="Dorians">Dorians</a> of Sparta, the Spartans retaliated.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nicomedes was given command of this campaign, in place of the king. The army, which consisted of 1,500 Spartan and 10,000 allied <a href="/wiki/Hoplite" title="Hoplite">hoplites</a>, was sent north.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He drove the Phocians out and forced them to agree to his peace terms. </p><p>Nicomedes then decided to head to the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnese" title="Peloponnese">Peloponnese</a>. His dilemma was that the shortest route, by sea across the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Corinth" title="Gulf of Corinth">Gulf of Corinth</a>, was sure to be patrolled by the Athenian fleet, whereas the land route was through difficult terrain with key points controlled by the Athenians and their allies. He therefore decided to remain in <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a>, of which Thebes was the chief city. The Athenians saw an opportunity, and in 457 BC assembled an army of 14,000 men, including 1,000 Argives and contingents from their other allies, and marched north to engage their enemy. The two forces met at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tanagra_(457_BC)" title="Battle of Tanagra (457 BC)">Tanagra</a>, 20 km (12 mi) east of Thebes. After heavy fighting, the Peloponnesians were victorious. They took the opportunity to return home by the land route across the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Corinth" title="Isthmus of Corinth">Isthmus of Corinth</a>, cutting down the fruit trees as they went. Nicomedes thereafter disappears from history.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicomedes_of_Sparta&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRusch2011" class="citation book cs1">Rusch, Scott M. (2011). <i>Sparta At War: Strategy, Tactics and Campaigns, 550–362 BC</i>. Barnsley, UK: Pen and Sword. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78383-048-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78383-048-0"><bdi>978-1-78383-048-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sparta+At+War%3A+Strategy%2C+Tactics+and+Campaigns%2C+550%E2%80%93362+BC&rft.place=Barnsley%2C+UK&rft.pub=Pen+and+Sword&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-78383-048-0&rft.aulast=Rusch&rft.aufirst=Scott+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicomedes+of+Sparta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHerodotus2019" class="citation book cs1">Herodotus (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PTADEAAAQBAJ&q=Cleombrotus+regent+leonidas&pg=PA179"><i>Herodotus: Histories Book V</i></a>. Translated by Rhodes, P.J. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. p. 179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78962-014-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78962-014-6"><bdi>978-1-78962-014-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Herodotus%3A+Histories+Book+V&rft.place=Liverpool&rft.pages=179&rft.pub=Liverpool+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-78962-014-6&rft.au=Herodotus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPTADEAAAQBAJ%26q%3DCleombrotus%2Bregent%2Bleonidas%26pg%3DPA179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicomedes+of+Sparta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcNab2018" class="citation book cs1">McNab, Chris (2018). <i>Greek Hoplite vs Persian Warrior: 499–479 BC</i>. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 56. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4728-2572-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4728-2572-8"><bdi>978-1-4728-2572-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Hoplite+vs+Persian+Warrior%3A+499%E2%80%93479+BC&rft.place=London&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-4728-2572-8&rft.aulast=McNab&rft.aufirst=Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicomedes+of+Sparta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLuttenberger2017" class="citation book cs1">Luttenberger, Mark (2017-12-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6IhDDwAAQBAJ&q=Nicomedes+phocian&pg=PT216"><i>From Darius I to Philip II: The Story of the Greek Poleis</i></a>. Page Publishing Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-64082-681-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-64082-681-6"><bdi>978-1-64082-681-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Darius+I+to+Philip+II%3A+The+Story+of+the+Greek+Poleis&rft.pub=Page+Publishing+Inc&rft.date=2017-12-18&rft.isbn=978-1-64082-681-6&rft.aulast=Luttenberger&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6IhDDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DNicomedes%2Bphocian%26pg%3DPT216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicomedes+of+Sparta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThucydides" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160809231919/http://classicpersuasion.org/pw/thucydides/jthucbk1rv2.htm">"I:107-108"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Peloponnesian_War" title="History of the Peloponnesian War">History of the Peloponnesian War</a></i>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett">Benjamin Jowett</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classicpersuasion.org/pw/thucydides/jthucbk1rv2.htm">the original</a> on 2016-08-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=I%3A107-108&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Peloponnesian+War&rft.au=Thucydides&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclassicpersuasion.org%2Fpw%2Fthucydides%2Fjthucbk1rv2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicomedes+of+Sparta" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDiodorus_Siculus" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/11D*.html">"XI:79"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_historica" title="Bibliotheca historica">Bibliotheca historica</a></i>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Henry_Oldfather" title="Charles Henry Oldfather">Charles Henry Oldfather</a>. <a href="/wiki/Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=XI%3A79&rft.btitle=Bibliotheca+historica&rft.pub=Loeb+Classical+Library&rft.au=Diodorus+Siculus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpenelope.uchicago.edu%2FThayer%2FE%2FRoman%2FTexts%2FDiodorus_Siculus%2F11D%2A.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANicomedes+of+Sparta" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|website=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicomedes_of_Sparta&oldid=1166006513">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicomedes_of_Sparta&oldid=1166006513</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_BC_Spartans" title="Category:5th-century BC Spartans">5th-century BC Spartans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spartans_of_the_Peloponnesian_War" title="Category:Spartans of the Peloponnesian War">Spartans of the Peloponnesian War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Agiad_dynasty" title="Category:Agiad dynasty">Agiad dynasty</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_BC_regents" title="Category:5th-century BC regents">5th-century BC regents</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 July 2023, at 20:22<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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