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class="post-row"> <article id="post-1473" class="group grid-item post-1473 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-benefits category-tax tag-iso tag-stock-options tag-u-s-employee"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/considerations-for-awarding-incentive-stock-options/"> <img width="450" height="225" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/03/shutterstock_618610940_450x225.jpg?resize=450%2C225&ssl=1" class="attachment-thumb-medium size-thumb-medium wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/03/shutterstock_618610940_450x225.jpg?w=450&ssl=1 450w, https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/03/shutterstock_618610940_450x225.jpg?resize=300%2C150&ssl=1 300w" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/" rel="category tag">Tax</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2024-12-23 07:23:23">December 23, 2024</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/considerations-for-awarding-incentive-stock-options/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to Considerations for Awarding Incentive Stock Options">Considerations for Awarding Incentive Stock Options</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>Canadian companies that award stock options to their employees, non‑employee directors and/or other service providers often inquire as to whether they should offer Incentive Stock Options (“ISOs”) to any such individuals who are U.S. taxpayers. Below is a discussion of some of the tax considerations in awarding ISOs and the main requirements that must be met for an option to qualify as an ISO. Please note, this blog post provides only a high‑level summary of the tax treatment of options as well as some of the notable requirements for an option to qualify as an ISO. This article does not purport to cover every nuance or situation. As such, you should consult with...</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-1413" class="group grid-item post-1413 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-benefits category-tax tag-deferred-compensation tag-fica tag-general-timing-rule tag-nqdc tag-withholding"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/the-special-timing-rule-for-taxation-of-nonqualified-deferred-compensation/"> <img width="520" height="245" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2022/08/shutterstock_313474802-scaled.jpg?resize=520%2C245&ssl=1" class="attachment-thumb-medium size-thumb-medium wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2022/08/shutterstock_313474802-scaled.jpg?resize=520%2C245&ssl=1 520w, https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2022/08/shutterstock_313474802-scaled.jpg?resize=720%2C340&ssl=1 720w, https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2022/08/shutterstock_313474802-scaled.jpg?zoom=2&resize=520%2C245&ssl=1 1040w, https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2022/08/shutterstock_313474802-scaled.jpg?zoom=3&resize=520%2C245&ssl=1 1560w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/" rel="category tag">Tax</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2024-02-13 13:32:52">February 13, 2024</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/the-special-timing-rule-for-taxation-of-nonqualified-deferred-compensation/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to The Special Timing Rule for Taxation of Nonqualified Deferred Compensation">The Special Timing Rule for Taxation of Nonqualified Deferred Compensation</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>For an employee who is a U.S. taxpayer, both the employer and the employee are liable for a portion of Social Security taxes and Medicare taxes (collectively referred to as “FICA” taxes) on the employee’s compensation. Employers are liable for withholding and remitting both the employer and the employee portions of FICA taxes, which typically occurs at the time the compensation is received by the employee, which his known as the “General Timing Rule.” However, when dealing with awards of nonqualified deferred compensation (“NQDC”) to U.S. taxpayers, a Special Timing Rule (outlined in Treas. Reg. §31.3121(v)(2)-1) may apply. Under the Special Timing Rule, FICA taxes are owed when the employee becomes vested in...</p> </div> </div> </article> </div><div class="post-row"> <article id="post-1394" class="group grid-item post-1394 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-benefits category-tax tag-deferred-compensation-plans tag-employment-agreement tag-section-409 tag-u-s-taxpayer"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/canadian-compensation-arrangements-when-do-i-need-u-s-counsel/"> <img width="520" height="245" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/04/shutterstock_191737973.jpg?resize=520%2C245&ssl=1" class="attachment-thumb-medium size-thumb-medium wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/04/shutterstock_191737973.jpg?resize=520%2C245&ssl=1 520w, https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/04/shutterstock_191737973.jpg?resize=720%2C340&ssl=1 720w, https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/04/shutterstock_191737973.jpg?zoom=2&resize=520%2C245&ssl=1 1040w, https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/04/shutterstock_191737973.jpg?zoom=3&resize=520%2C245&ssl=1 1560w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/" rel="category tag">Tax</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2023-11-16 07:38:40">November 16, 2023</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/canadian-compensation-arrangements-when-do-i-need-u-s-counsel/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to Canadian Compensation Arrangements – When Do I Need U.S. Counsel?">Canadian Compensation Arrangements – When Do I Need U.S. Counsel?</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>Imagine a Canadian company adopts a deferred share unit plan (DSU Plan) for its directors. At the time the plan is adopted, the company does not have the plan reviewed by U.S. counsel, because none of their directors reside in the U.S. It is not until several years later that the company learns that one of its directors, despite living in Canada, has dual citizenship with the U.S. Because the typical form of Canadian DSU Plan will not comply with U.S. tax laws governing deferred compensation, particularly U.S. Internal Revenue Code Section 409A (Section 409A), the company has quite a mess on its hands. You can read our prior articles on common payment timing issues...</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-1324" class="group grid-item post-1324 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-benefits category-tax tag-deferred-compensation tag-deferred-election tag-deferred-share-unit-plans tag-dsu tag-section-409a"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/dsu-plans-may-run-afoul-of-u-s-deferral-election-timing-rules-resulting-in-adverse-u-s-tax-treatment/"> <img width="450" height="225" src="https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/03/shutterstock_618610940_450x225.jpg?resize=450%2C225&ssl=1" class="attachment-thumb-medium size-thumb-medium wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/03/shutterstock_618610940_450x225.jpg?w=450&ssl=1 450w, https://i0.wp.com/www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2021/03/shutterstock_618610940_450x225.jpg?resize=300%2C150&ssl=1 300w" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/" rel="category tag">Tax</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2022-11-07 14:45:27">November 7, 2022</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/dsu-plans-may-run-afoul-of-u-s-deferral-election-timing-rules-resulting-in-adverse-u-s-tax-treatment/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to DSU Plans May Run Afoul of U.S. Deferral Election Timing Rules Resulting in Adverse U.S. Tax Treatment">DSU Plans May Run Afoul of U.S. Deferral Election Timing Rules Resulting in Adverse U.S. Tax Treatment</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>A Canadian company adopting a deferred share unit plan (DSU plan) for its directors must consider U.S. tax implications for U.S. taxpayers. It is important to remember that U.S. citizens and U.S. residents for tax purposes (including green card holders) are taxed on worldwide income, regardless of where they reside. As such, participation by a U.S. director, including an expat or holder of dual citizenship, could result in significant adverse tax consequences under Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code, as a typical Canadian DSU plan often runs afoul of Section 409A. In a prior article, DSU Plans Require Careful Review to Avoid Adverse U.S. Tax Treatment, common payment timing violations of U.S....</p> </div> </div> </article> </div><div class="post-row"> <article id="post-620" class="group grid-item post-620 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-benefits category-tax tag-compensation-agreements tag-section-409a tag-u-s-income-tax"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/reviewing-compensation-arrangements-for-employees-subject-to-u-s-income-tax-before-year-end-could-avoid-costly-tax-penalties/"> <img src="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2020/08/article_book.jpg" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/" rel="category tag">Tax</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2018-12-07 09:00:46">December 7, 2018</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/reviewing-compensation-arrangements-for-employees-subject-to-u-s-income-tax-before-year-end-could-avoid-costly-tax-penalties/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to Reviewing Compensation Arrangements for Employees Subject to U.S. Income Tax Before Year-End Could Avoid Costly Tax Penalties">Reviewing Compensation Arrangements for Employees Subject to U.S. Income Tax Before Year-End Could Avoid Costly Tax Penalties</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>We have written about this in the past [here], but the message bears repeating each year. It is easy to overlook that employment agreements, change-in-control agreements, and severance agreements with U.S. taxpayers frequently contain provisions that subject them to U.S. Internal Revenue Code Section 409A (“Section 409A”), and failure to comply can result in onerous tax penalties. However, to the extent that rights under such agreements are not yet vested, it may be possible to correct them before year-end without penalty. Even if rights under an agreement are vested, in some cases correction is available with payment of reduced penalties under IRS correction programs. It is important to remember that U.S. residents, and U.S....</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-433" class="group grid-item post-433 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-benefits category-securities tag-consecutive-12-month-period tag-psus tag-rsus tag-rule-701 tag-rule-701-disclosure tag-rule-701-tracking tag-share-options tag-u-s-stock-option-awards"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/a-reminder-to-track-rule-701-equity-awards-to-u-s-residents/"> <img src="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2020/08/article_book.jpg" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/securities/" rel="category tag">Securities</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2018-04-02 06:15:46">April 2, 2018</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/a-reminder-to-track-rule-701-equity-awards-to-u-s-residents/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to A Reminder to Track Rule 701 Equity Awards to U.S. Residents">A Reminder to Track Rule 701 Equity Awards to U.S. Residents</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>Canadian companies relying on Rule 701 under the Securities Act of 1933 to exempt their U.S. awards of stock options and other types of compensatory equity (such as RSUs and PSUs), need to track on an ongoing basis the amount of grants being made in the United States. If they anticipate that the aggregate dollar amount of the awards, calculated under Rule 701, will exceed US$5 million in any 12-month period, they must also prepare and deliver Rule 701-mandated disclosure documents. Just this month, the SEC announced a financial settlement with a privately-held fintech company, Credit Karma, Inc., relating to Credit Karma’s failure to provide stock option holders with the financial statements, risk...</p> </div> </div> </article> </div><div class="post-row"> <article id="post-426" class="group grid-item post-426 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-benefits category-securities tag-canadian tag-deferred-compensation-plans tag-deferred-share-unit-plans tag-deferred-share-units tag-deferred-stock-unit-plans tag-deferred-stock-units tag-dsus tag-employee-share-purchase-plans tag-employee-stock-unit-plans tag-espps tag-form-s-8 tag-open-market-purchases tag-performance-share-unit-plans tag-performance-share-units tag-performance-stock-unit-plans tag-performance-stock-units tag-psus tag-restricted-share-unit-plans tag-restricted-share-units tag-restricted-stock-unit-plans tag-restricted-stock-units tag-rsu-plan tag-rsus tag-rule-701 tag-share-based-compensation-plans tag-share-option-plans tag-share-options tag-stock-option-plans tag-stock-options tag-stock-based-compensation-plans"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/common-u-s-securities-problems-with-canadian-stock-based-compensation-plans/"> <img src="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2020/08/article_book.jpg" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/securities/" rel="category tag">Securities</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2018-03-27 16:12:40">March 27, 2018</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/common-u-s-securities-problems-with-canadian-stock-based-compensation-plans/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to Common U.S. Securities Problems with Canadian Stock-Based Compensation Plans">Common U.S. Securities Problems with Canadian Stock-Based Compensation Plans</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>We are frequently asked to review Canadian companies’ stock option, restricted share unit (RSU), performance share unit (PSU), deferred share unit (DSU), and other stock-based compensation plans for U.S. securities law purposes, because awards are expected to be made to U.S. residents. For companies that are cross-listed and file reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the intention is typically to register the underlying securities by filing a Form S-8 with the SEC. For companies that do not file SEC reports – whether publicly traded in Canada or privately held – the intention is typically to rely on the exemption provided by Rule 701 under the Securities Act of 1933 and exemptions...</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-413" class="group grid-item post-413 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-benefits category-tax tag-covered-employee tag-executive-compensation tag-foreign-private-issuer tag-performance-based-compensation tag-section-162m tag-tax-cut-and-jobs-act tag-tax-reform"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/tax-reform-to-impact-compensation-deduction-claimed-by-foreign-private-issuers/"> <img src="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2020/08/article_book.jpg" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/" rel="category tag">Tax</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2018-02-09 06:30:39">February 9, 2018</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/tax-reform-to-impact-compensation-deduction-claimed-by-foreign-private-issuers/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to Tax Reform to Impact Compensation Deduction Claimed by Foreign Private Issuers">Tax Reform to Impact Compensation Deduction Claimed by Foreign Private Issuers</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>While the recently enacted U.S. tax reform legislation did not overhaul executive compensation to the extent proposed in early forms of the bill, Section 162(m) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code was dramatically revised in a way that affects Canadian companies that file reports with the SEC and that employ, or may in the future employ, executives in the United States. Previously, Section 162(m) limited the amount of compensation that an SEC reporting company that was a “domestic issuer” for securities law purposes, or its subsidiaries, could deduct with respect to its most senior executives. Important for many of our Canadian clients, we believe that under the rule changes, U.S. tax deductions for...</p> </div> </div> </article> </div><div class="post-row"> <article id="post-340" class="group grid-item post-340 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-benefits category-tax tag-fica tag-restricted-share-units tag-restricted-stock-units tag-rsus tag-substantial-risk-of-forfeiture tag-tax-withholding"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/common-u-s-tax-withholding-and-reporting-errors-with-respect-to-certain-rsus/"> <img src="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2020/08/article_book.jpg" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/" rel="category tag">Tax</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2017-09-29 05:30:39">September 29, 2017</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/common-u-s-tax-withholding-and-reporting-errors-with-respect-to-certain-rsus/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to Common U.S. Tax Withholding and Reporting Errors with Respect to Certain RSUs">Common U.S. Tax Withholding and Reporting Errors with Respect to Certain RSUs</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>A Canadian company (the employer) historically has not issued equity-based awards to employees of its U.S. subsidiaries, but it now is considering doing so. Past posts have addressed potential U.S. income tax pitfalls and the need for careful review of the plan and award agreements prior to the grant of restricted stock units (RSUs) and deferred share units (DSUs) to individuals who are subject to U.S. federal income tax on compensatory income. You can read the DSU blog entry here and the RSU blog entry here. Let’s assume careful review and drafting have addressed potential U.S. tax issues in terms of the written documents. What are common mistakes that can arise in administering...</p> </div> </div> </article> <article id="post-298" class="group grid-item post-298 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-benefits category-securities category-tax tag-amt tag-executive-compensation tag-isos tag-non-qualified-stock-option tag-nso tag-stock-options tag-tax-consequences"> <div class="post-inner post-hover"> <div class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/unexpected-risks-of-early-exercise-incentive-stock-options/"> <img src="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2020/08/article_book.jpg" /> </a> </div> <div class="post-meta group"> <p class="post-category"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/" rel="category tag">Benefits</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/securities/" rel="category tag">Securities</a> / <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/" rel="category tag">Tax</a></p> <p class="post-date"> <time class="published updated" datetime="2017-07-27 05:45:55">July 27, 2017</time> </p> </div> <h2 class="post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/unexpected-risks-of-early-exercise-incentive-stock-options/" rel="bookmark" title="Permalink to Unexpected Risks of Early Exercise Incentive Stock Options">Unexpected Risks of Early Exercise Incentive Stock Options</a> </h2> <div class="entry excerpt entry-summary"> <p>Canadian companies and their outside counsel occasionally ask about the ability to grant early exercise incentive stock options (“ISOs”) to limit the impact of the U.S. alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) to their U.S. employees. However, due to fairly counterintuitive U.S. federal tax regulations, structuring options in this manner may expose optionees to negative tax consequences in the event of a disqualifying disposition (defined below). This post reviews the tax effects of early exercise ISOs and compares the tax results to alternative structures. Early Exercise ISO Tax Consequences With any early exercise option, the optionee is permitted to initially exercise their entire stock option by paying the full option exercise price, but will receive...</p> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <nav class="pagination group"> <div class='wp-pagenavi' role='navigation'> <span class='pages'>Page 1 of 2</span><span aria-current='page' class='current'>1</span><a class="page larger" title="Page 2" href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/page/2/">2</a><a class="nextpostslink" rel="next" aria-label="Next Page" href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/page/2/">»</a> </div> </nav> </div> </section> <div class="sidebar s1 collapsed" data-position="right" data-layout="col-2cl" data-sb-id="s1"> <button class="sidebar-toggle" title="Expand Sidebar"><i class="fas sidebar-toggle-arrows"></i></button> <div class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-top group"> <p>Follow:</p> <ul class="social-links"><li><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="social-tooltip" title="Follow us on Rss" aria-label="Follow us on Rss" href="http://crossbordercounselor.com/feed/" target="_blank" style="color:rgba(255,255,255,0.7)"><i class="fas fa-rss"></i></a></li></ul> </div> <div id="text-11" class="widget widget_text"><h3 class="widget-title">About</h3> <div class="textwidget"><p><strong>Cross-Border Counselor</strong> is a collection of articles and timely updates about U.S. law issues of concern to Canadian companies that have assets, do business, raise funds or are listed for trading in the United States, as well as the attorneys, accountants and banks that advise them. Learn more about Dorsey’s Canada cross-border practice group <a class="aboutwidget" title=" Dorsey Canada International" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200430030426/https://www.dorsey.com/services/canada_intl">here</a>.</p> </div> </div><div id="mc4wp_form_widget-3" class="widget widget_mc4wp_form_widget"><h3 class="widget-title">Subscribe to Blog via Email</h3><script>(function() { window.mc4wp = window.mc4wp || { listeners: [], forms: { on: function(evt, cb) { window.mc4wp.listeners.push( { event : evt, callback: cb } ); } } } })(); </script><form id="mc4wp-form-1" class="mc4wp-form mc4wp-form-85" method="post" data-id="85" data-name="Subscribe to Blog via Email" ><div class="mc4wp-form-fields"><p id="subscribe-email"><input type="email" name="EMAIL" placeholder="Your email address" required="required"> <p id="subscribe-submit"><input type="submit" value="subscribe" /></p></div><label style="display: none !important;">Leave this field empty if you're human: <input type="text" name="_mc4wp_honeypot" value="" tabindex="-1" autocomplete="off" /></label><input type="hidden" name="_mc4wp_timestamp" value="1740954339" /><input type="hidden" name="_mc4wp_form_id" value="85" /><input type="hidden" name="_mc4wp_form_element_id" value="mc4wp-form-1" /><div class="mc4wp-response"></div></form></div><div id="categories-5" class="widget widget_categories"><h3 class="widget-title">Categories</h3> <ul> <li class="cat-item cat-item-30427 current-cat"><a aria-current="page" href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/benefits/">Benefits</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-80677"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/cannabis/">Cannabis</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-63546"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/capital-markets/">Capital Markets</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-14278"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/corporate/">Corporate</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-138"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/employment/">Employment</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-1"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/uncategorized/">General</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-127"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/intellectual-property/">Intellectual Property</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-82208"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/international-trade/">International Trade</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4411"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/litigation/">Litigation</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-147"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/ma/">M&A</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4259"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/resources/">Natural Resources</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-43312"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/sec-rulemaking/">SEC Rulemaking</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-13464"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/securities/">Securities</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-142"><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/category/tax/">Tax</a> </li> </ul> </div><div id="author_avatars-8" class="widget widget_author_avatars"><h3 class="widget-title">Managing Editors</h3><div class="author-list"><div class="user with-name name-group-0-c name-group-1-l name-group-last-d user-1544 with-biography bio-length-80" style=""><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/author/christopherdoerksen/" title="Christopher L. Doerksen"><span class="avatar"><img src='https://crossbordercounselor.com/files/2017/02/Christopher-L.-Doerksen_avatar.png' srcset='https://crossbordercounselor.com/files/2017/02/Christopher-L.-Doerksen_avatar.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-84 photo' height='84' width='84' loading='lazy' decoding='async' alt="avatar for Christopher L. Doerksen" style="" /></span><span class="name"><strong>Christopher L. Doerksen</strong></span></a><div class="biography"><p>Chris helps clients raise money by selling equity and debt, buy and ...</p></div></div><div class="user with-name name-group-0-j name-group-last-g user-1563 with-biography bio-length-80" style=""><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/author/jamesguttman/" title="James Guttman"><span class="avatar"><img src='https://crossbordercounselor.com/files/2018/01/James-Guttman_avatar-84x84.png' srcset='https://crossbordercounselor.com/files/2018/01/James-Guttman_avatar.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-84 photo' height='84' width='84' loading='lazy' decoding='async' alt="avatar for James Guttman" style="" /></span><span class="name"><strong>James Guttman</strong></span></a><div class="biography"><p>James advises publicly-traded companies and closely-held companies ...</p></div></div></div></div><div id="author_avatars-9" class="widget widget_author_avatars"><h3 class="widget-title">Contributing Authors</h3><div class="author-list"><div class="user with-name name-group-0-a name-group-last-g name-group-0-a name-group-last-g user-1380 with-biography bio-length-80" style=""><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/author/aarongoldstein/" title="Aaron Goldstein"><span class="avatar"><img src='https://quirkyemploymentquestions.com/files/2015/11/Aaron-Goldstein_avatar.png' srcset='https://quirkyemploymentquestions.com/files/2015/11/Aaron-Goldstein_avatar.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-70 photo' height='70' width='70' loading='lazy' decoding='async' alt="avatar for Aaron Goldstein" style="" /></span><span class="name"><strong>Aaron Goldstein</strong></span></a><div class="biography"><p>Aaron is a Partner in Dorsey’s Labor & Employment group, where he brin...</p></div></div><div class="user with-name name-group-0-k name-group-1-r name-group-last-f name-group-0-k name-group-1-r name-group-last-f user-1547 with-biography bio-length-80" style=""><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/author/kendallfisher/" title="Kendall R. Fisher"><span class="avatar"><img src='https://crossbordercounselor.com/files/2017/02/Kendall-R.-Fisher_avatar.png' srcset='https://crossbordercounselor.com/files/2017/02/Kendall-R.-Fisher_avatar.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-70 photo' height='70' width='70' loading='lazy' decoding='async' alt="avatar for Kendall R. Fisher" style="" /></span><span class="name"><strong>Kendall R. Fisher</strong></span></a><div class="biography"><p>Kendall’s practice focuses on U.S. federal tax issues related to dome...</p></div></div><div class="user with-name name-group-0-m name-group-last-l name-group-0-m name-group-last-l user-1909 with-biography bio-length-80" style=""><a href="https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/author/marinalyons/" title="Marina Lyons"><span class="avatar"><img src='https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2024/02/marina-lyons_avatar-70x70.png' srcset='https://www.crossbordercounselor.com/files/2024/02/marina-lyons_avatar-140x140.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-70 photo' height='70' width='70' loading='lazy' decoding='async' alt="avatar for Marina Lyons" style="" /></span><span class="name"><strong>Marina Lyons</strong></span></a><div class="biography"><p>Marina is a Partner in Dorsey’s Labor & Employment group. 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