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It is located in the south-western suburbs of [[Paris]], {{convert|21.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the [[Kilometre Zero|center of Paris]], in the "[[new town#France|new town]]" of [[Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines]]. ==Geography== The commune of Guyancourt comprises several districts. The first of them, corresponding to the old village, is known as "le village", the others are named: * Bouviers (Herdsmen), ancient [[Hamlet (place)|hamlet]] of the village * Les Garennes (the [[Warren (free)|warren]]s) * L'Europe (Europe) * Le Pont du Routoir (the bridge over the [[retting pit]]) * Les Saules (the Willows) * Le Parc (the Park) * Les Chênes (the Oaks) * Villaroy (the recently constructed districts of the city) The bordering communes are [[Versailles]] to the northeast, [[Voisins-le-Bretonneux]] to the southwest, [[Montigny-le-Bretonneux]] to the west, [[Châteaufort, Yvelines|Châteaufort]] to the southeast, [[Magny-les-Hameaux]] to the south and [[Saint-Cyr-l'Ecole]] in the northwest. Although located in the [[Paris]] suburbs, more than half of the territory of the commune of Guyancourt is covered in natural spaces: forests, wood, parks, gardens and ponds. ==History== ===Prehistoric=== The site of the city was already inhabited by [[Neolithic]] tribes who left hundreds of vestiges such as arrows, flint scrapers, polished axes... which have been recovered in the districts of Bouviers, Troux and Villaroy. ===Antiquity=== The civilization continued through Roman times, as Mr. Leclère, a farmer, demonstrated in a fortuitous way in 1892 by unearthing an antique ballot box in his field. ===The religious life=== Work to restore the church [[Saint-Victor-l'Abbaye|Saint-Victor]] put the date of the [[sarcophage]]s at the [[Merovingian]] era (from the seventh century). It is believed that the construction of the first church dates from the fourteenth century. Several funerary vases and a tomb stone dating from the sixteenth century were updated. The church was renovated in the fifteenth century, then entirely rebuilt in the sixteenth century. The most recent restoration goes back to 1998. ===Guyancourt and the Palace of Versailles=== Guyancourt forms part of the "Grand Parc" of the sun king Soleil ([[Louis XIV]]), which extended around the castle of Versailles. The essential vocation of the populous communes neighbouring the castle is [[truck farming|market-gardening]], to provide for the important needs for the Court. ===French revolution=== Thanks to the register of grievances sent to the governmental authorities (1789), we know that Guyancourtois, who were mostly modest peasants, lived with difficulty under conditions of famine. ===The Franco-Prussian War of 1870=== France is partly occupied by the [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]] armies. The enemy spreads terror, the houses are plundered, the inhabitants maltreated. Four hundred of them (an enormous figure for the time) prefer to flee. ===The 1900s=== At the beginning of the twentieth century, Guyancourt was a large village where one cultivates corn, oats, beets, fodder and potatoes. The trades were numerous, with almost 16 wine merchants for 614 inhabitants. The war of 1914–1918 cost the lives of thirty-six Guyancourtois. The war of 1939–1945 also touched Guyancourt, which was liberated by August 25, 1944. ====The end of the twentieth century==== Starting from the beginning of the 1950s, the Paris area saw a considerable demographic growth. To structure the development of the suburbs, it was decided to create several [[new town]]s around Paris, one of which being [[Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines]]. The new city of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines includes today seven communes (eleven in the beginning), one of which is Guyancourt. In 1950 Guyancourt was only one small village. The commune grew since 1970 to reach the figure of 27,000 inhabitants in 2004. ==Population== {{Historical populations | align = none | cols = 2 | percentages = pagr | source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|16521|Guyancourt}}</ref> and INSEE (1968–2017)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-78297#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref> | graph-pos = bottom |1793 |548 |1800 |561 |1806 |594 |1821 |610 |1831 |628 |1836 |585 |1841 |683 |1846 |699 |1851 |645 |1856 |577 |1861 |624 |1866 |630 |1872 |636 |1876 |665 |1881 |698 |1886 |652 |1891 |708 |1896 |710 |1901 |614 |1906 |644 |1911 |636 |1921 |684 |1926 |848 |1931 |852 |1936 |824 |1946 |856 |1954 |1010 |1962 |1244 |1968 |1493 |1975 |3450 |1982 |10983 |1990 |18307 |1999 |25079 |2007 |28563 |2012 |28039 |2017 |28633 }} ==Culture== {{Empty section|date=July 2010}} ==International relations== {{Main|List of twin towns and sister cities in France}} Guyancourt is [[town twinning|twinned]] with: * {{Flagicon|UK}} [[Linlithgow]], [[Scotland]], [[United Kingdom]], the birthplace of [[Mary, Queen of Scots]]<ref>[http://www.linlithgow.com/ Linlithgow]</ref> * {{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Pegnitz (town)|Pegnitz]], [[Germany]] ==Notable people== * {{ill|Roland Nadaus|fr}}: Poet, writer, lampoonist, storyteller, lyric writer, novelist, local councillor and départemental. The author of about thirty works, he also assumed several mandates of mayor, advising general, and President of the urban community (then called the SAN, trade union of new agglomeration). ==Economy== ===Industrial fabric=== Guyancourt accommodates not only many SME and trade, but also several large companies, such as: * Le Technocentre [[Renault]] (automobile) * The head office of [[Bouygues]] Construction ** At one time parent company Bouygues had its head office in the [[Kevin Roche]]-designed Challenger complex.<ref>"[http://www.journaldunet.com/economie/reportage/les-sieges-sociaux-des-entreprises-du-cac-40/bouygues-reste-fidele-a-son-architecte.shtml Bouygues reste fidèle à son architecte]." ''Le Journal du Net''. Retrieved on 7 July 2010.</ref> * The national case of [[Crédit Agricole]] * The registered office of [[McDonald's]], [[France]] * [[Prost Grand Prix]] (closed now). ==Education== ===Higher education and research=== * Guyancourt is home to a campus of the [[University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin]]. The buildings located in the commune relate to the lessons on human rights and the social sciences. * One also finds there research laboratories of the [[Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique|INRA]] (National Institute of Agronomic Research) ===Primary and secondary schools=== Junior high schools: *Collège Ariane<ref>"[http://www.ville-guyancourt.fr/Services-en-ligne/Annuaires-du-territoire/Annuaire-des-equipements2/College-Ariane Collège Ariane]." Guyancourt. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> *Collège Les Saules<ref>"[http://www.ville-guyancourt.fr/Services-en-ligne/Annuaires-du-territoire/Annuaire-des-equipements2/College-Les-Saules Collège Les Saules]." Guyancourt. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> *Collège Paul-Eluard<ref>"[http://www.ville-guyancourt.fr/Services-en-ligne/Annuaires-du-territoire/Annuaire-des-equipements2/College-Paul-Eluard Collège Paul-Eluard]." Guyancourt. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> Senior high schools: *[[Lycée Polyvalent Descartes]]<ref>"[http://www.ville-guyancourt.fr/Services-en-ligne/Annuaires-du-territoire/Annuaire-des-equipements2/Lycee-Polyvalent-Descartes Lycée Polyvalent Descartes]." Guyancourt. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> *[[Lycée de Villaroy]]<ref>"[http://www.ville-guyancourt.fr/Services-en-ligne/Annuaires-du-territoire/Annuaire-des-equipements2/Lycee-de-Villaroy Lycée de Villaroy]." Guyancourt. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> *[[Lycée Émilie-de Breteuil]]<ref>"[http://www.ville-guyancourt.fr/Services-en-ligne/Annuaires-du-territoire/Annuaire-des-equipements2/Lycee-Emilie-de-Breteuil Lycée Émilie-de Breteuil]." Guyancourt. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> *{{Interlanguage link multi|Lycée d'hôtellerie et de tourisme de Guyancourt|fr}}<ref>"[http://www.ville-guyancourt.fr/Services-en-ligne/Annuaires-du-territoire/Annuaire-des-equipements2/Lycee-d-Etat-d-Hotellerie-et-de-Tourisme Lycée d'État d'Hôtellerie et de Tourisme]." Guyancourt. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> ==Transportation== Guyancourt is served by no station of the Paris Métro, RER, or suburban rail network. The closest station to Guyancourt is [[Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines–Montigny-le-Bretonneux station]] on Paris [[RER C|RER line C]], on the [[Transilien La Défense]] suburban rail line, and on the [[Transilien Paris-Montparnasse]] suburban rail line. This station is located in the neighboring commune of [[Montigny-le-Bretonneux]], {{convert|2.7|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the town center of Guyancourt. ==See also== {{Portal|France}} *[[Communes of the Yvelines department]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category}} * [http://www.ville-guyancourt.fr Ville of Guyancourt, official site] * [http://www.villaroy.net/ Site of the district of Villaroy] * [https://www.saint-quentin-en-yvelines.fr/ New city of Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines] {{Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines}} {{Paris Metropolitan Area}} {{Yvelines communes}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Communes of Yvelines]] [[Category:Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a 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