CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135ecca5c1d406a',cH: '6AeaQvJriGPg7HLrFEeNGS9tnfOUrj5peAcj8avM7Ow-1739796855-1.2.1.1-NZ3521UirhF96VAOOFuJWMudSc4rM5m7KmmSJiK7KrMEVpdajOFG8JmtufSvqg9G',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=PEM%20electrolysis%20stack&__cf_chl_tk=9Z9szcCK7Y7c.UVAwO9gAQgsimZwpBs78ASd_DpMqcA-1739796855-1.0.1.1-UZWhdG42lqAs.G9zDozlhZg3xtnfuA8BWXsJNPir6_I",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739796855',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=PEM%20electrolysis%20stack&__cf_chl_f_tk=9Z9szcCK7Y7c.UVAwO9gAQgsimZwpBs78ASd_DpMqcA-1739796855-1.0.1.1-UZWhdG42lqAs.G9zDozlhZg3xtnfuA8BWXsJNPir6_I",md: "r0JJd4ABTD3Z17xi10.P9XKrxQ5C.R8pKMeYJbTmWFI-1739796855-1.2.1.1-yxxGU_Zj9WmsYVzgUbhqETFjUm8Ovn5sOAFB0Bp.td1WxW.sLTgcS4QHVmTU042JhnpMmc0j5BltOqO.5zbURIc.vtueYHt9ajGHHIylcwX0ncKDC2BBqRJSp.1DF0SuSouedgey.RMC4PLSxd5cqklHnf.LQ7FWxMEO1i0oaM1Qf4z6XcXFygc3BE8mF1Y30n8EYsWTtO1PaqUIKKlo0lvHhjAX2IvbaYtVMm5Zms81ku4NnQidai852DvHU7eoeroaVRiQRoq8lvA7InLosLDPjxxrozX02ZgQUFPDLLqXnfz1bOIcwCOPJBB9isfHDy4jqbqz6_8MjaSoAkKl04X8okSYryhbN6QW3WSl3LkLJzM.r_bHQhno0C__tTsVBshosWapr3lYMoYb9_XSSxlE5QF6mwBLLEIjtVaZlCaC8HKF8P3r6otqt6L0.IbihIsHOSGyQ7B38s7bDR2BvToEYcmkcYQgK1smfTP8wqvOpBs7NfllPGr08xJFj1apkJosa7O2QwaleVJjUm6peuNjq0XOPlW3yDjW1aX_RXtTRZ58lZB.XI0zHeGqEXtl5KFIKBsKB9_.Q_s5AkOxZyyjroByTM.gbnYjdfbOiuHMA3cUJTkjjLPHrXof9iES8KlmJsIBrspYzcQ4SYivWRU6MZOj2ZPcprRAWrZ_nTXbG2OIDyy8dZTTKFW9_JAy9eucGkdoT3YKCodShvlgdbuV3Qj3cI2XUCz1WACNImFvGGg4D_bQfDyMzmFlKTu3jpWAAIbNPLwQaxWaboPJWGAV0gWADnEjcpjBDHM2YYPjMB9kLg.2.2..d1iCyTEWTYU_NxWNcvw4_uvl44oThlO3cV24dUlhhXYNWf8WKltGdZizLVnIVQ9GrEPVrQtk_r91qorHa.fQLVyzz27XKFt.JeYAVqKJ4zH1tnt3kOprs9Sqxjj_HEKRrA2i6Q2sAP9VDSawLZ2LIyo15vJhzdK4IzW1j_K.CRRENb6XV25Fda1KvtML.gNIMefWAGerX2ZQf5qcuwPV78Mx43hnYEIqmchJjRLzBmWcZEWsN1S1Izzznboeg0XzZyuK5Jse8ykn8xFanhKdu3kFXyRBZ0UZFv2J8h_uNHv0UQDf.nVmtJCBZos4_WPD8fVmD38OJeRazEiTW2JUXMp9VRbrq6a71BlEdsfBi3LRv9979WbTGeeK2Fj9r0zUSzYqWlwLA0XM8jRUu_KxDBm4qln8CsWQrzCh7dCJWF9Ljo_.NhnxqFQCDBhQXjpaJG1ZUTPFPU1OxR51mz3ogR6hZv5i7S.g.WcMRZsZ9Azoi1p_zglb5QS98uUQWgBsabDmJM0hxJjASAKjHyzZKXDhllDTggo1lGkBDxiO2L.3T9qw_yxNLKv44s73TdMea7o.qaxvwN7YTRF_gj0VwkGAX0_IiQ4TI8qLnv.rCIsUNaAJ_u1O0AJBSz0G3GleUZ3mdXzvT4PRyjJ.szmzZ9srkG.bhdh_HF5WLlC4Y0aM.nSAjuMPnO9.1zxrzFEVBSnVrk51rlfCqJd6wQpkz8E8DyOeA639l7Xt7.DkEEw26rNjhFiMZedOSwKjT4nx2gjSl7FBT_i5yq9pZVe5RA0d6FE6cVmQbfv1r9nRdsvVZzlNUl2OTnCzaANXGxVKbFpT5q.Fd4hur6Z800DJhzdi3Jazdhdb1jp0uIzZFDbYfS3d0DV3mTkRr7.g2y0RPA1FOXGXOBwJbvVufpDFTieWP1jbwYCVks9MOcncJQDyiaFGQlA72h0rXNlxcYYHOIntxH5.8BDeuRTIMshEevJRTWkx9rxWcFO_Gl0Ff8rnEDCRWJVauDXFsdjBRsvw3KOB_.lSbS65JESQ3YdJ6y2CJb.3_oIPs0twmEIPHUW062Lb90j2V0gPXMUAn5wpbnDGBVexsBbst8jD1V3aZknxV_EAiS8FmotSEaUNumE9pPF_SJQjOhH1J.gaknNiQKl9v.A8",mdrd: "qgO4IIVUhOy3vVC0TlTxptVNDGIUxggPj7Sq24rkZlY-1739796855-1.2.1.1-mKERGTm0cZH7_ApbIf4t6HaJjfJEvR_gxzpRNG4lyAkACvAz3zJehhCmUhUZqFJ30QmPFlZztgohXpT7bAUxdnr9UpVgxp_HxzNo6HvfMDoJ9PaWnQXSz.AWouaCMlWPHY3p98aMz24TykLMWjWuhNq0g8ZFgiBpGhEKp2kVqlRDiPz_DfaSrJEiGWxAXHWbOfT3kHLRna0IOIcWZGY9hzoGq9r_Oq5S_a_S11xv4F_WeKCJQTFJk_hlPSJe6NdyCeKw7G.WHUBAk1YsfaA9VHtL6k8angy5KJdGO0tJk6atQpdS9qHypKj3m912szCBjRa5V2HcQdPNwQ3u.9W6wxnBLTafP4eagoaBUwsrrSOM1HnKFbkKktA5G_r5FMbK32KEs0TT5GcmMyD3DHZTEdbfipaJ9l9_1B7lOfszsUHvZj80yljlTqT2nOpPX0JC5Q0eChd1a3rs5xPg9lGyT1.i_7VTH9yC1IUjMyFOLiTCGl0TWBS.RRRHtbVfXa2iwUJwPH9EtxavNc7RtwcOAUKMZBiD_rMqV2eb3iiMCF0JPbNVVna_2cjqGFfoOVpsg9QuqV0lJD8ZQ.8ZVWhYJJvldmLRFKy4WUHgr65xeFkFkpgnVFuIHFrr6dQU.Om6pMj79_toVp3VSCPTgTaUS16oiOlwAjwWadiTcwrvb37kTiJikhlWUamyDWd08WAKJCI7lCJ.SEi1O3ShDSmf5loEo_CnhniwUllxAj9BSjV2toqbkLhWFoPTLf3WyIN5GL4UWHeJU5fMb8YSxqpAommDR6YgUhlC1NhIrVo1zJyNPxEu4IDUo1xXMxHxbMSRMA8M7sIPd1mkPCS7uun7SL2cE5krPQrew.RQOg1bpEJKTzofUCVQCwiFqvGd_B0pLvke.nSM6Ig4v6LScn1w_f54n8.E39M5OH6O3GyThrlv8O_jCCxeR3O6ybXE3huxB0Hm6tlHFSsrwBuICgqXsxK5xBwv4t655okd7yvNiBkdJGkwmeumiArMpLaw00OxjbRGDgBD5i8bhKWT.jUmbazxFFY1IEshME55_DrV4nFRj166JL1B8xh3o6n.8V_0ZSJlDV8STFoLchiFdf19bQ76.NAF.GZWipoFgOB3cC3WrI6kXbbRcq7tq0JcK4fNiMwy3V7YhDbCyudiAvZr4JYvu1.UYMoRHdvqL5.tgcYdM23KES2YZGX1oEDnvoeODowUvj4Xzvv8qMKH2ifShCGXO1.T1CJOJ_aAXXY8FxyLDX.BI0IAP.87iuOXs7DnKQUJMVQb.Wx0V6s.8SR_ZqRzImcY4MtX05HKccGtd_oILZhQMk6AHFGhncDBlfJYmvSev3TdydA7qtyWGhaV2FQXsTWrRLJ6BF23OzAAWhDER6Xm6GAoH1HqhOQZdPTd7tFBcVWf2Z0XAdvxXKAOp6dd06XE4LJUWX29UP.dxJACE4hXtok_7BNNkPmb7zU20j1OrHrWwI8mY2qKYdnEF4hjiuzC.IQzyGD4_HaUCe0w.OWQdANSml4wa6keNgBPXjXTl6WvrzT90.AIpEAe0SdZIkLB2jcMRkqDczxHWs9muMazj1CIPL850rCU4HJH6NLX8lYmkFlcCwrAbp8pgDaLydqu3v3.ZC8DkZbdmUD6CzXzUTw6Str.BECubBgi8cWi_OlZO5_HsSMsDI7rYzXPLSMdyWgoDkLS3CbwNMtlkr_Blh6RUBvoH3u4AglX5nZhj7jq4P2_IMRQYD6ram2tJBaZlXCfeotirhp4R4wifGsKgICbVwq7Oxl.kFCf.MeUnxnhITw5.MaEn9P9UAEd2kb0rV3nE8_0CQKU8N1X.5GdokXNTy7A8M407AvMmsfxlgelbRih4dMwQW5g8qizDUqbo2j.YJwT9IJjdL_P79q8gblZd3QBGafDtdv.8rHHviYFufEC_Bk9V9IXZ2lBv6Z7rnpnWxSMW8s9QCW58R9KnX0w1GKUfSpxkZNm"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135ecca5c1d406a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=PEM%20electrolysis%20stack&__cf_chl_rt_tk=9Z9szcCK7Y7c.UVAwO9gAQgsimZwpBs78ASd_DpMqcA-1739796855-1.0.1.1-UZWhdG42lqAs.G9zDozlhZg3xtnfuA8BWXsJNPir6_I" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>