Multicloud database management: Architectures, use cases, and best practices | Cloud Architecture Center

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track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="featured products" tooltip track-name="cloud run" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/cloud-run.png" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/cloud-run.png" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Run </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed environment for running containerized apps. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="featured products" tooltip track-name="google kubernetes engine" > <div 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</picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Looker </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Platform for BI, data applications, and embedded analytics. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/apigee" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/apigee" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="featured products" tooltip track-name="apigee api management" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/apigee.png" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/apigee.png" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Apigee API Management </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Manage the full life cycle of APIs anywhere with visibility and control. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/sql" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/sql" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="featured products" tooltip track-name="cloud sql" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/cloud-sql.png" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/cloud-sql.png" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud SQL </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Relational database services for MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQL Server. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/ai/gemini" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/ai/gemini" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="featured products" tooltip track-name="gemini" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/gemini.png" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/gemini.png" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Gemini </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Google Cloud products powered by Gemini. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/cdn" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/cdn" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="featured products" tooltip track-name="cloud cdn" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/networking.png" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/networking.png" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud CDN </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Content delivery network for delivering web and video. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-top-border dropdown-tabbed-menu-button-target"> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Not seeing what you're looking for?</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products#featured-products" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products#featured-products" track-metadata-position="nav - products" 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Machine Learning </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="vertex ai platform" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Vertex AI Platform </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Unified platform for ML models and generative AI. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/generative-ai-studio" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/generative-ai-studio" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="vertex ai studio" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Vertex AI Studio </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build, tune, and deploy foundation models on Vertex AI. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/agent-builder" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/agent-builder" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="vertex ai agent builder" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Vertex AI Agent Builder </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build and deploy gen AI experiences. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/conversational-agents" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/conversational-agents" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="conversational agents" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Conversational Agents </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build conversational AI with both deterministic and gen AI functionality. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/enterprise-search" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/enterprise-search" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="vertex ai search" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Vertex AI Search </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build Google-quality search for your enterprise apps and experiences. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/speech-to-text" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/speech-to-text" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="speech-to-text" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Speech-to-Text </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Speech recognition and transcription across 125 languages. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/text-to-speech" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/text-to-speech" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="text-to-speech" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Text-to-Speech </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Speech synthesis in 220+ voices and 40+ languages. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/translate" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/translate" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="translation ai" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Translation AI </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Language detection, translation, and glossary support. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/document-ai" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/document-ai" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="document ai" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Document AI </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Document processing and data capture automated at scale. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/vision" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/vision" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="vision ai" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Vision AI </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Custom and pre-trained models to detect emotion, text, and more. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/contact-center-ai-platform" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/contact-center-ai-platform" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="contact center as a service" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Contact Center as a Service </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Omnichannel contact center solution that is native to the cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-top-border"> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Not seeing what you're looking for?</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAE#ai-and-machine-learning" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAE#ai-and-machine-learning" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="see all ai and machine learning products" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> See all AI and machine learning products </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Business Intelligence</li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/looker" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/looker" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="business intelligence" tooltip track-name="looker" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Looker </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Platform for BI, data applications, and embedded analytics. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/looker-studio" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/looker-studio" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="business intelligence" tooltip track-name="looker studio" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Looker Studio </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Interactive data suite for dashboarding, reporting, and analytics. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/compute" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/compute" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="compute" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Compute </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/compute" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/compute" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="compute engine" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Compute Engine </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Virtual machines running in Google’s data center. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/appengine" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/appengine" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="app engine" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> App Engine </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Serverless application platform for apps and back ends. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/gpu" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/gpu" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud gpus" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud GPUs </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> GPUs for ML, scientific computing, and 3D visualization. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/virtual-machines" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/virtual-machines" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="migrate to virtual machines" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Migrate to Virtual Machines </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Server and virtual machine migration to Compute Engine. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/spot-vms" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/spot-vms" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="spot vms" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Spot VMs </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Compute instances for batch jobs and fault-tolerant workloads. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/batch" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/batch" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="batch" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Batch </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed service for scheduling batch jobs. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/nodes/sole-tenant-nodes" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/nodes/sole-tenant-nodes" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="sole-tenant nodes" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Sole-Tenant Nodes </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Dedicated hardware for compliance, licensing, and management. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/bare-metal" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/bare-metal" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="bare metal" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Bare Metal </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Infrastructure to run specialized workloads on Google Cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/whatis-activeassist" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/recommender/docs/whatis-activeassist" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="recommender" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Recommender </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Usage recommendations for Google Cloud products and services. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/vmware-engine" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/vmware-engine" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="vmware engine" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> VMware Engine </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed, native VMware Cloud Foundation software stack. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/run" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/run" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud run" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Run </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed environment for running containerized apps. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-top-border"> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Not seeing what you're looking for?</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAUSAQw#compute" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAUSAQw#compute" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="see all compute products" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> See all compute products </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/containers" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/containers" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="containers" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Containers </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="google kubernetes engine" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Kubernetes Engine </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Managed environment for running containerized apps. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/run" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/run" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud run" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Run </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed environment for running containerized apps. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/build" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/build" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud build" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Build </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Solution for running build steps in a Docker container. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/artifact-registry/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/artifact-registry/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="artifact registry" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Artifact Registry </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Package manager for build artifacts and dependencies. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/code" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/code" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud code" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Code </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> IDE support to write, run, and debug Kubernetes applications. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/deploy" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/deploy" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud deploy" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Deploy </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed continuous delivery to GKE and Cloud Run. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/containers" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/containers" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="migrate to containers" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Migrate to Containers </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Components for migrating VMs into system containers on GKE. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/deep-learning-containers/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/deep-learning-containers/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="deep learning containers" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Deep Learning Containers </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Containers with data science frameworks, libraries, and tools. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://knative.dev/docs/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://knative.dev/docs/" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="knative" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Knative </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Components to create Kubernetes-native cloud-based software. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/data-analytics-and-ai" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/data-analytics-and-ai" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="data analytics" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Data Analytics </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/bigquery" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/bigquery" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="bigquery" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> BigQuery </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Data warehouse for business agility and insights. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/looker" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/looker" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="looker" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Looker </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Platform for BI, data applications, and embedded analytics. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/dataflow" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/dataflow" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="dataflow" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Dataflow </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Streaming analytics for stream and batch processing. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/pubsub" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/pubsub" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="pub/sub" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Pub/Sub </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Messaging service for event ingestion and delivery. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/dataproc" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/dataproc" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="dataproc" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Dataproc </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service for running Apache Spark and Apache Hadoop clusters. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/data-fusion" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/data-fusion" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud data fusion" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Data Fusion </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Data integration for building and managing data pipelines. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/composer" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/composer" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud composer" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Composer </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Workflow orchestration service built on Apache Airflow. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/biglake" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/biglake" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="biglake" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> BigLake </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Storage engine to query multi-format and multimodal data. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/dataplex" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/dataplex" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="dataplex" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Dataplex </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Intelligent data fabric for unifying data management across silos. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/dataform" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/dataform" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="dataform" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Dataform </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build, version control, and deploy SQL workflows in BigQuery. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/analytics-hub" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/analytics-hub" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="analytics hub" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Analytics Hub </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service for securely and efficiently exchanging data analytics assets. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-top-border"> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Not seeing what you're looking for?</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAQ#data-analytics" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAQ#data-analytics" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="see all data analytics products" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> See all data analytics products </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/databases" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/databases" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="databases" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Databases </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/alloydb" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/alloydb" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="alloydb for postgresql" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> AlloyDB for PostgreSQL </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed, PostgreSQL-compatible database for enterprise workloads. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/sql" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/sql" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud sql" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud SQL </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed database for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li 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class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/bigtable" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/bigtable" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="bigtable" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Bigtable </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Cloud-native wide-column database for large-scale, low-latency workloads. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/datastream" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/datastream" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="datastream" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Datastream </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Serverless change data capture and replication service. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/database-migration" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/database-migration" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="database migration service" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Database Migration Service </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Serverless, minimal downtime migrations to Cloud SQL. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/bare-metal" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/bare-metal" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="bare metal solution" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Bare Metal Solution </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed infrastructure for 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class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Developer Tools </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/artifact-registry/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/artifact-registry/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="artifact registry" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Artifact Registry </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Universal package manager for build artifacts and dependencies. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a 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href="https://cloud.google.com/deploy" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/deploy" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud deploy" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Deploy </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed continuous delivery to GKE and Cloud Run. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/deployment-manager/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/deployment-manager/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud deployment manager" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Deployment Manager </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service for creating and managing Google Cloud resources. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section 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class="devsite-nav-item-description"> AI-powered assistant available across Google Cloud and your IDE. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-top-border"> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Not seeing what you're looking for?</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAI#developer-tools" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAI#developer-tools" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="see all developer tools" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> See all developer tools </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/distributed-cloud" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/distributed-cloud" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="distributed cloud" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Distributed Cloud </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/distributed-cloud-connected" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/distributed-cloud-connected" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="google distributed cloud connected" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Distributed Cloud Connected </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Distributed cloud services for edge workloads. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/distributed-cloud-air-gapped" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/distributed-cloud-air-gapped" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="google distributed cloud air-gapped" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Distributed Cloud Air-gapped </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Distributed cloud for air-gapped workloads. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Hybrid and Multicloud</li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="hybrid and multicloud" tooltip track-name="google kubernetes engine" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Kubernetes Engine </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Managed environment for running containerized apps. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/apigee" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/apigee" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="hybrid and multicloud" tooltip track-name="apigee api management" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Apigee API Management </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> API management, development, and security platform. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/containers" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/containers" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="hybrid and multicloud" tooltip track-name="migrate to containers" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Migrate to Containers </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Tool to move workloads and existing applications to GKE. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/build" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/build" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="hybrid and multicloud" tooltip track-name="cloud build" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Build </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service for executing builds on Google Cloud infrastructure. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/observability" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/observability" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="hybrid and multicloud" tooltip track-name="observability" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Observability </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Monitoring, logging, and application performance suite. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/service-mesh" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/service-mesh" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="hybrid and multicloud" tooltip track-name="cloud service mesh" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Service Mesh </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed service mesh based on Envoy and Istio. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/distributed-cloud" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/distributed-cloud" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="hybrid and multicloud" tooltip track-name="google distributed cloud" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Distributed Cloud </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully managed solutions for the edge and data centers. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Industry Specific</li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/anti-money-laundering-ai" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/anti-money-laundering-ai" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="industry specific" tooltip track-name="anti money laundering ai" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Anti Money Laundering AI </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Detect suspicious, potential money laundering activity with AI. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/healthcare-api" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/healthcare-api" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="industry specific" tooltip track-name="cloud healthcare api" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Healthcare API </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Solution for bridging existing care systems and apps on Google Cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/device-connect" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/device-connect" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="industry specific" tooltip track-name="device connect for fitbit" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Device Connect for Fitbit </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Gain a 360-degree patient view with connected Fitbit data on Google Cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/telecom-network-automation" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/telecom-network-automation" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="industry specific" tooltip track-name="telecom network automation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Telecom Network Automation </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Ready to use cloud-native automation for telecom networks. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/telecom-data-fabric" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/telecom-data-fabric" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="industry specific" tooltip track-name="telecom data fabric" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Telecom Data Fabric </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Telecom data management and analytics with an automated approach. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/telecom-subscriber-insights" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/telecom-subscriber-insights" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="industry specific" tooltip track-name="telecom subscriber insights" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Telecom Subscriber Insights </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Ingests data to improve subscriber acquisition and retention. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/spectrum-access-system" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/spectrum-access-system" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="industry specific" tooltip track-name="spectrum access system (sas)" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Spectrum Access System (SAS) </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Controls fundamental access to the Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS). </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/integration-services" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/integration-services" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="integration services" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Integration Services </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/application-integration" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/application-integration" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="application integration" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Application Integration </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Connect to 3rd party apps and enable data consistency without code. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/workflows" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/workflows" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="workflows" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Workflows </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Workflow orchestration for serverless products and API services. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/apigee" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/apigee" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="apigee api management" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Apigee API Management </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Manage the full life cycle of APIs anywhere with visibility and control. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/tasks/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/tasks/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud tasks" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Tasks </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Task management service for asynchronous task execution. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/scheduler/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/scheduler/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud scheduler" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Scheduler </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Cron job scheduler for task automation and management. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/dataproc" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/dataproc" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="dataproc" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Dataproc </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service for running Apache Spark and Apache Hadoop clusters. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/data-fusion" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/data-fusion" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud data fusion" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Data Fusion </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Data integration for building and managing data pipelines. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/composer" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/composer" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud composer" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Composer </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Workflow orchestration service built on Apache Airflow. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/pubsub" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/pubsub" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="pub/sub" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Pub/Sub </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Messaging service for event ingestion and delivery. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/eventarc/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/eventarc/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="eventarc" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Eventarc </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build an event-driven architecture that can connect any service. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/management" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/management" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="management tools" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Management Tools </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/shell/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/shell/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud shell" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Shell </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Interactive shell environment with a built-in command line. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/cloud-console" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/cloud-console" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud console" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud console </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Web-based interface for managing and monitoring cloud apps. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/endpoints/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/endpoints/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud endpoints" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Endpoints </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Deployment and development management for APIs on Google Cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/security/products/iam" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/security/products/iam" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud iam" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud IAM </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Permissions management system for Google Cloud resources. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/apis" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/apis" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud apis" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud APIs </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Programmatic interfaces for Google Cloud services. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/service-catalog/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/service-catalog/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="service catalog" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Service Catalog </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service catalog for admins managing internal enterprise solutions. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/cost-management" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/cost-management" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cost management" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cost Management </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Tools for monitoring, controlling, and optimizing your costs. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/observability" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/observability" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="observability" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Observability </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Monitoring, logging, and application performance suite. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/carbon-footprint" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/carbon-footprint" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="carbon footprint" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Carbon Footprint </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Dashboard to view and export Google Cloud carbon emissions reports. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/config-connector/docs/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/config-connector/docs/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="config connector" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Config Connector </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Kubernetes add-on for managing Google Cloud resources. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/active-assist" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/active-assist" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="active assist" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Active Assist </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Tools for easily managing performance, security, and cost. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-top-border"> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Not seeing what you're looking for?</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAY#managment-tools" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAY#managment-tools" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="see all management tools" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> See all management tools </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/geospatial" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/geospatial" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="maps and geospatial" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Maps and Geospatial </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/earth-engine" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/earth-engine" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="earth engine" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Earth Engine </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Geospatial platform for Earth observation data and analysis. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://mapsplatform.google.com" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://mapsplatform.google.com" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="google maps platform" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Maps Platform </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Create immersive location experiences and improve business operations. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Media Services</li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/cdn" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/cdn" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="media services" tooltip track-name="cloud cdn" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud CDN </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Content delivery network for serving web and video content. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/livestream/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/livestream/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="media services" tooltip track-name="live stream api" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Live Stream API </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service to convert live video and package for streaming. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.opencue.io/docs/getting-started/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://www.opencue.io/docs/getting-started/" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="media services" tooltip track-name="opencue" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> OpenCue </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Open source render manager for visual effects and animation. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/transcoder/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/transcoder/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="media services" tooltip track-name="transcoder api" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Transcoder API </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Convert video files and package them for optimized delivery. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/video-stitcher/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/video-stitcher/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="media services" tooltip track-name="video stitcher api" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Video Stitcher API </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service for dynamic or server side ad insertion. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="migration" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Migration </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/migration-center/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/migration-center/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="migration center" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Migration Center </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Unified platform for migrating and modernizing with Google Cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/application-migration" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/application-migration" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="application migration" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Application Migration </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> App migration to the cloud for low-cost refresh cycles. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/virtual-machines" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/virtual-machines" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="migrate to virtual machines" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Migrate to Virtual Machines </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Components for migrating VMs and physical servers to Compute Engine. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/docs/terraform/blueprints/terraform-blueprints" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/docs/terraform/blueprints/terraform-blueprints" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud foundation toolkit" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Foundation Toolkit </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Reference templates for Deployment Manager and Terraform. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/database-migration" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/database-migration" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="database migration service" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Database Migration Service </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Serverless, minimal downtime migrations to Cloud SQL. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/containers" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/cloud-migration/containers" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="migrate to containers" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Migrate to Containers </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Components for migrating VMs into system containers on GKE. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/bigquery-transfer/docs/introduction" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/bigquery-transfer/docs/introduction" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="bigquery data transfer service" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> BigQuery Data Transfer Service </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Data import service for scheduling and moving data into BigQuery. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/cloud-migration-program" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/solutions/cloud-migration-program" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="rapid migration and modernization program" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Rapid Migration and Modernization Program </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> End-to-end migration program to simplify your path to the cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/transfer-appliance/docs/4.0/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/transfer-appliance/docs/4.0/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="transfer appliance" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Transfer Appliance </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Storage server for moving large volumes of data to Google Cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/storage-transfer-service" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/storage-transfer-service" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="storage transfer service" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Storage Transfer Service </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Data transfers from online and on-premises sources to Cloud Storage. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/vmware-engine" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/vmware-engine" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="vmware engine" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> VMware Engine </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Migrate and run your VMware workloads natively on Google Cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Mixed Reality</li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/immersive-stream/xr" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/immersive-stream/xr" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="mixed reality" tooltip track-name="immersive stream for xr" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Immersive Stream for XR </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Hosts, renders, and streams 3D and XR experiences. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/networking" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/networking" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="networking" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Networking </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/security/products/armor" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/security/products/armor" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud armor" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Armor </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Security policies and defense against web and DDoS attacks. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/cdn" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/cdn" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud cdn and media cdn" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud CDN and Media CDN </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Content delivery network for serving web and video content. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/dns" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/dns" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud dns" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud DNS </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Domain name system for reliable and low-latency name lookups. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/load-balancing" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/load-balancing" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud load balancing" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Load Balancing </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Service for distributing traffic across applications and regions. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/nat" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/nat" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud nat" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud NAT </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> NAT service for giving private instances internet access. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/hybrid-connectivity" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/hybrid-connectivity" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud connectivity" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Connectivity </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Connectivity options for VPN, peering, and enterprise needs. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/network-connectivity-center" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/network-connectivity-center" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="network connectivity center" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Network Connectivity Center </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Connectivity management to help simplify and scale networks. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/network-intelligence-center" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/network-intelligence-center" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="network intelligence center" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Network Intelligence Center </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Network monitoring, verification, and optimization platform. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/network-tiers" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/network-tiers" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="network service tiers" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Network Service Tiers </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Cloud network options based on performance, availability, and cost. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/vpc" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/vpc" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="virtual private cloud" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Virtual Private Cloud </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Single VPC for an entire organization, isolated within projects. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/private-service-connect" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/private-service-connect" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="private service connect" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Private Service Connect </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Secure connection between your VPC and services. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-top-border"> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Not seeing what you're looking for?</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAUSAQ0#networking" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products?pds=CAUSAQ0#networking" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="see all networking products" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> See all networking products </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading devsite-nav-title-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/products/operations" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/products/operations" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="operations" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-icon-container" size="medium" > <picture> <img class="devsite-nav-item-icon" alt="" src="https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" srcset=" https://www.gstatic.com/cloud/images/navigation/forward.svg" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy" > </picture> </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Operations </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/logging" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/logging" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud logging" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Logging </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Google Cloud audit, platform, and application logs management. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/monitoring" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/monitoring" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud monitoring" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Monitoring </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Infrastructure and application health with rich metrics. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/error-reporting/docs/grouping-errors" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/error-reporting/docs/grouping-errors" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="error reporting" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Error Reporting </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Application error identification and analysis. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/managed-prometheus" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/managed-prometheus" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="managed service for prometheus" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Managed Service for Prometheus </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Fully-managed Prometheus on Google Cloud. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/trace/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/trace/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud trace" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Trace </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Tracing system collecting latency data from applications. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/profiler/docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/profiler/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud profiler" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Profiler </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> CPU and heap profiler for analyzing application performance. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/docs/quotas" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/docs/quotas" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" tooltip track-name="cloud quotas" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cloud Quotas </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Manage quotas for all Google Cloud services. </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section cloud-dropdown-menu-heading"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Productivity and Collaboration</li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://about.appsheet.com/home/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://about.appsheet.com/home/" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity and collaboration" tooltip track-name="appsheet" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> AppSheet </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> No-code development platform to build and extend applications. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://cloud.google.com/appsheet/automation" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://cloud.google.com/appsheet/automation" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity and collaboration" tooltip track-name="appsheet automation" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> AppSheet Automation </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Build automations and applications on a unified platform. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/solutions/enterprise/?enterprise-benefits_activeEl=connect/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://workspace.google.com/solutions/enterprise/?enterprise-benefits_activeEl=connect/" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity and collaboration" tooltip track-name="google workspace" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Workspace </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Collaboration and productivity tools for individuals and organizations. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/essentials/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://workspace.google.com/essentials/" track-metadata-position="nav - products" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity and collaboration" tooltip target="_blank" track-name="google workspace essentials" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Workspace Essentials </div> <div class="devsite-nav-item-description"> Secure video meetings and modern collaboration for teams. </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/solutions/ai/" 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Resources" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Resources </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Resources" track-name="resources" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Resources"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Resources"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Docs" track-name="architecture" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Docs" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Docs </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" > </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/support-hub" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Support" track-name="support" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Support" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Support </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="//console.cloud.google.com/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " track-name="console" track-metadata-position="nav" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav" track-type="globalNav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Console" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Console </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/contact" class="cta-button-secondary button" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav" data-overflow-container="left" data-overflow-wrapper="tab" track-name="sales" track-type="contact" track-metadata-position="nav" data-overflow="devsite-tabs-wrapper" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Contact Us" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Contact Us </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="//console.cloud.google.com/freetrial" class="cloud-free-trial-button cta-button-primary button-primary button cloud-button cloud-button--primary" data-overflow-class="devsite-header-link devsite-top-button button cloud-free-trial-button cloud-free-trial-enabled cloud-button cloud-button--primary" data-overflow="devsite-top-logo-row" data-overflow-container="right" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav" track-name="gcpCta" track-type="freeTrial" track-metadata-position="nav" referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Start free" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Start free </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="_book"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>< Architecture Center home</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/release-notes" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/release-notes" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/release-notes" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>What's new</span></a></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Fundamentals</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/fundamentals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/fundamentals" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/fundamentals" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture Framework</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/whats-new" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/whats-new" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/whats-new" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>What's new</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Operational excellence</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/operational-excellence" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/operational-readiness-and-performance-using-cloudops" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/operational-excellence/operational-readiness-and-performance-using-cloudops" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/operational-readiness-and-performance-using-cloudops" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Ensure operational readiness and performance using CloudOps</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/manage-incidents-and-problems" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/operational-excellence/manage-incidents-and-problems" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/manage-incidents-and-problems" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage incidents and problems</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/manage-and-optimize-cloud-resources" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/operational-excellence/manage-and-optimize-cloud-resources" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/manage-and-optimize-cloud-resources" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage and optimize cloud resources</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/automate-and-manage-change" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/operational-excellence/automate-and-manage-change" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/automate-and-manage-change" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Automate and manage change</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/continuously-improve-and-innovate" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/operational-excellence/continuously-improve-and-innovate" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/operational-excellence/continuously-improve-and-innovate" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Continuously improve and innovate</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Security, privacy, and compliance</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security/implement-security-by-design" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security/implement-security-by-design" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security/implement-security-by-design" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement security by design</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security/implement-zero-trust" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security/implement-zero-trust" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security/implement-zero-trust" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement zero trust</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security/implement-shift-left-security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security/implement-shift-left-security" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security/implement-shift-left-security" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement shift-left security</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security/implement-preemptive-cyber-defense" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security/implement-preemptive-cyber-defense" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security/implement-preemptive-cyber-defense" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement preemptive cyber defense</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security/use-ai-securely-and-responsibly" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security/use-ai-securely-and-responsibly" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security/use-ai-securely-and-responsibly" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use AI securely and responsibly</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security/use-ai-for-security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security/use-ai-for-security" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security/use-ai-for-security" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use AI for security</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security/meet-regulatory-compliance-and-privacy-needs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security/meet-regulatory-compliance-and-privacy-needs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security/meet-regulatory-compliance-and-privacy-needs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Meet regulatory, compliance, and privacy needs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/security/shared-responsibility-shared-fate" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/security/shared-responsibility-shared-fate" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/security/shared-responsibility-shared-fate" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Shared responsibility and shared fate</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reliability</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/define-reliability-based-on-user-experience-goals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/define-reliability-based-on-user-experience-goals" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/define-reliability-based-on-user-experience-goals" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Define reliability based on user-experience goals</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/set-targets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/set-targets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/set-targets" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set realistic targets for reliability</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/build-highly-available-systems" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/build-highly-available-systems" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/build-highly-available-systems" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Build high availability through redundancy</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/horizontal-scalability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/horizontal-scalability" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/horizontal-scalability" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Take advantage of horizontal scalability</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/observability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/observability" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/observability" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Detect potential failures by using observability</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/graceful-degradation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/graceful-degradation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/graceful-degradation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Design for graceful degradation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/perform-testing-for-recovery-from-failures" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/perform-testing-for-recovery-from-failures" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/perform-testing-for-recovery-from-failures" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Perform testing for recovery from failures</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/perform-testing-for-recovery-from-data-loss" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/perform-testing-for-recovery-from-data-loss" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/perform-testing-for-recovery-from-data-loss" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Perform testing for recovery from data loss</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/reliability/conduct-postmortems" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/reliability/conduct-postmortems" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/reliability/conduct-postmortems" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Conduct thorough postmortems</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cost optimization</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/cost-optimization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization/align-cloud-spending-business-value" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/cost-optimization/align-cloud-spending-business-value" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization/align-cloud-spending-business-value" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Align spending with business value</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization/foster-culture-cost-awareness" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/cost-optimization/foster-culture-cost-awareness" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization/foster-culture-cost-awareness" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Foster a culture of cost awareness</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization/optimize-resource-usage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/cost-optimization/optimize-resource-usage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization/optimize-resource-usage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Optimize resource usage</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization/optimize-continuously" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/cost-optimization/optimize-continuously" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/cost-optimization/optimize-continuously" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Optimize continuously</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Performance optimization</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/performance-optimization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization/plan-resource-allocation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/performance-optimization/plan-resource-allocation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization/plan-resource-allocation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Plan resource allocation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization/elasticity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/performance-optimization/elasticity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization/elasticity" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Take advantage of elasticity</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization/promote-modular-design" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/performance-optimization/promote-modular-design" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization/promote-modular-design" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Promote modular design</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization/continuously-monitor-and-improve-performance" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/performance-optimization/continuously-monitor-and-improve-performance" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/performance-optimization/continuously-monitor-and-improve-performance" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Continuously monitor and improve performance</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/sustainability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/sustainability" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/sustainability" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sustainability</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AI and ML perspective</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/operational-excellence" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/operational-excellence" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/operational-excellence" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Operational excellence</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/security" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/security" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Security</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/reliability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/reliability" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/reliability" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reliability</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/cost-optimization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/cost-optimization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/cost-optimization" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cost optimization</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/performance-optimization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/performance-optimization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/perspectives/ai-ml/performance-optimization" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Performance optimization</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/framework/printable" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/framework/printable" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/framework/printable" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View in one page</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deployment archetypes</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/zonal" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes/zonal" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/zonal" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Zonal</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/regional" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes/regional" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/regional" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Regional</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/multiregional" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes/multiregional" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/multiregional" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Multi-regional</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/global" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes/global" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/global" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Global</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/hybrid" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes/hybrid" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/hybrid" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hybrid</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/multicloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes/multicloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/multicloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Multicloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/comparison" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes/comparison" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/comparison" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Comparative analysis</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/whats-next" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deployment-archetypes/whats-next" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deployment-archetypes/whats-next" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>What's next</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architectures</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/single-zone-deployment-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/single-zone-deployment-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/single-zone-deployment-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Single-zone deployment on Compute Engine</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/regional-deployment-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/regional-deployment-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/regional-deployment-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Regional deployment on Compute Engine</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/multiregional-vms" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/multiregional-vms" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/multiregional-vms" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Multi-regional deployment on Compute Engine</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/global-deployment-compute-engine-spanner" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/global-deployment-compute-engine-spanner" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/global-deployment-compute-engine-spanner" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Global deployment on Compute Engine and Spanner</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Landing zone design</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/landing-zones" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/landing-zones" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/landing-zones" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Landing zones overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/landing-zones/decide-how-to-onboard-identities" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/landing-zones/decide-how-to-onboard-identities" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/landing-zones/decide-how-to-onboard-identities" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Decide identity onboarding</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/landing-zones/decide-resource-hierarchy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/landing-zones/decide-resource-hierarchy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/landing-zones/decide-resource-hierarchy" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Decide resource hierarchy</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Network design</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/landing-zones/decide-network-design" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/landing-zones/decide-network-design" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/landing-zones/decide-network-design" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Decide network design</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/landing-zones/implement-network-design" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/landing-zones/implement-network-design" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/landing-zones/implement-network-design" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement network design</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/landing-zones/decide-security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/landing-zones/decide-security" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/landing-zones/decide-security" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Decide security</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enterprise foundations blueprint</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/authentication-authorization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/authentication-authorization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/authentication-authorization" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Authentication and authorization</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/organization-structure" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/organization-structure" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/organization-structure" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Organization structure</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/networking" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/networking" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/networking" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Networking</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/detective-controls" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/detective-controls" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/detective-controls" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Detective controls</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/preventative-controls" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/preventative-controls" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/preventative-controls" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Preventative controls</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/deployment-methodology" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/deployment-methodology" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/deployment-methodology" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deployment methodology</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/operation-best-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/operation-best-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/operation-best-practices" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Operations best practices</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/summary" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/summary" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/summary" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the blueprint</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-foundations/printable" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-foundations/printable" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-foundations/printable" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View in one page</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AI and machine learning</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ai-ml" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ai-ml" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ai-ml" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Generative AI</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-document-summarization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-document-summarization" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-document-summarization" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Generative AI document summarization</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-rag" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-rag" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-rag" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Generative AI RAG with Cloud SQL</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-knowledge-base" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-knowledge-base" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ai-ml/generative-ai-knowledge-base" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Generative AI knowledge base</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/gen-ai-rag-vertex-ai-vector-search" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/gen-ai-rag-vertex-ai-vector-search" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/gen-ai-rag-vertex-ai-vector-search" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Infrastructure for a RAG-capable generative AI application using Vertex AI and Vector Search</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/rag-capable-gen-ai-app-using-vertex-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/rag-capable-gen-ai-app-using-vertex-ai" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/rag-capable-gen-ai-app-using-vertex-ai" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Infrastructure for a RAG-capable generative AI application using Vertex AI and AlloyDB</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/rag-capable-gen-ai-app-using-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/rag-capable-gen-ai-app-using-gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/rag-capable-gen-ai-app-using-gke" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Infrastructure for a RAG-capable generative AI application using GKE</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/use-generative-ai-utilization-management" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/use-generative-ai-utilization-management" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/use-generative-ai-utilization-management" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use generative AI for utilization management</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Model training</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ml-on-gcp-best-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ml-on-gcp-best-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ml-on-gcp-best-practices" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for implementing machine learning on Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/cross-silo-cross-device-federated-learning-google-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/cross-silo-cross-device-federated-learning-google-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/cross-silo-cross-device-federated-learning-google-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross-silo and cross-device federated learning on Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/model-development-data-labeling-labelbox-google-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/model-development-data-labeling-labelbox-google-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/model-development-data-labeling-labelbox-google-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Model development and data labeling with Google Cloud and Labelbox</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>MLOps</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/mlops-continuous-delivery-and-automation-pipelines-in-machine-learning" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/mlops-continuous-delivery-and-automation-pipelines-in-machine-learning" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/mlops-continuous-delivery-and-automation-pipelines-in-machine-learning" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>MLOps: Continuous delivery and automation pipelines in machine learning</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deploy-operate-generative-ai-applications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deploy-operate-generative-ai-applications" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deploy-operate-generative-ai-applications" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy and operate generative AI applications</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/genai-mlops-blueprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/genai-mlops-blueprint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/genai-mlops-blueprint" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy an enterprise AI and ML model</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/confidential-computing-analytics-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/confidential-computing-analytics-ai" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/confidential-computing-analytics-ai" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Confidential computing for data analytics and AI</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/architecture-for-mlops-using-tfx-kubeflow-pipelines-and-cloud-build" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/architecture-for-mlops-using-tfx-kubeflow-pipelines-and-cloud-build" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/architecture-for-mlops-using-tfx-kubeflow-pipelines-and-cloud-build" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>MLOps using TensorFlow Extended, Vertex AI Pipelines, and Cloud Build</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/guidelines-for-developing-high-quality-ml-solutions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/guidelines-for-developing-high-quality-ml-solutions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/guidelines-for-developing-high-quality-ml-solutions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Guidelines for high-quality, predictive ML solutions</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AI and ML applications</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ai-ml/image-processing-cloud-functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ai-ml/image-processing-cloud-functions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ai-ml/image-processing-cloud-functions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>AI/ML image processing on Cloud Functions</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Build an ML vision analytics solution with Dataflow and Cloud Vision API</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/building-a-vision-analytics-solution" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/building-a-vision-analytics-solution" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/building-a-vision-analytics-solution" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/building-a-vision-analytics-solution/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/building-a-vision-analytics-solution/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/building-a-vision-analytics-solution/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ai-ml/storage-for-ai-ml" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ai-ml/storage-for-ai-ml" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ai-ml/storage-for-ai-ml" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Design storage for AI and ML workloads in Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/implement-two-tower-retrieval-large-scale-candidate-generation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/implement-two-tower-retrieval-large-scale-candidate-generation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/implement-two-tower-retrieval-large-scale-candidate-generation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implement two-tower retrieval with large-scale candidate generation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/optimize-ai-ml-workloads-parallelstore" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/optimize-ai-ml-workloads-parallelstore" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/optimize-ai-ml-workloads-parallelstore" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Optimize AI and ML workloads with Parallelstore</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/use-vertex-ai-pipelines-for-propensity-modeling" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/use-vertex-ai-pipelines-for-propensity-modeling" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/use-vertex-ai-pipelines-for-propensity-modeling" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use Vertex AI Pipelines for propensity modeling on Google Cloud</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Third-party product integrations</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/c3-ai-architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/c3-ai-architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/c3-ai-architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>C3 AI architecture on Google Cloud</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Application development</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/application-development" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/application-development" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/application-development" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Development approaches and styles</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Microservices overview</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/microservices-architecture-introduction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/microservices-architecture-introduction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/microservices-architecture-introduction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/microservices-architecture-refactoring-monoliths" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/microservices-architecture-refactoring-monoliths" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/microservices-architecture-refactoring-monoliths" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Refactor a monolith into microservices</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/microservices-architecture-interservice-communication" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/microservices-architecture-interservice-communication" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" 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track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/scalable-and-resilient-apps" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Patterns for scalable and resilient apps</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Development platform management</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy an enterprise developer platform</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/developer-platform-controls" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/developer-platform-controls" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/developer-platform-controls" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Developer platform controls</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/service-architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/service-architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/service-architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Service architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/logging-monitoring" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/logging-monitoring" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/logging-monitoring" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Logging and monitoring</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/ops-developer-platform-applications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/ops-developer-platform-applications" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/ops-developer-platform-applications" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" 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track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/deployment-methodology" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deployment methodology</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/cymbal-bank" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/cymbal-bank" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/cymbal-bank" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cymbal Bank example</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/mapping-beyondprod-security-principles" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/mapping-beyondprod-security-principles" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/mapping-beyondprod-security-principles" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Mapping BeyondProd principles</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/deploy-blueprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/deploy-blueprint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-application-blueprint/deploy-blueprint" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the blueprint</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/best-practices-for-running-cost-effective-kubernetes-applications-on-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/best-practices-for-running-cost-effective-kubernetes-applications-on-gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/best-practices-for-running-cost-effective-kubernetes-applications-on-gke" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for cost-optimized Kubernetes applications on GKE</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Expose service mesh applications through GKE Gateway</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/exposing-service-mesh-apps-through-gke-ingress" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/exposing-service-mesh-apps-through-gke-ingress" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/exposing-service-mesh-apps-through-gke-ingress" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/exposing-service-mesh-apps-through-gke-ingress/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/exposing-service-mesh-apps-through-gke-ingress/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/exposing-service-mesh-apps-through-gke-ingress/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Build globally distributed applications using GKE Gateway and Cloud Service Mesh</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/build-apps-using-gateway-and-cloud-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/build-apps-using-gateway-and-cloud-service" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/build-apps-using-gateway-and-cloud-service" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/build-apps-using-gateway-and-cloud-service/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/build-apps-using-gateway-and-cloud-service/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/build-apps-using-gateway-and-cloud-service/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/patterns-practices-identity-access-governance-google-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/patterns-practices-identity-access-governance-google-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/patterns-practices-identity-access-governance-google-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Patterns and practices for identity and access governance on Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/resource-management-with-servicenow" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/resource-management-with-servicenow" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/resource-management-with-servicenow" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Resource management with ServiceNow</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/select-managed-container-runtime-environment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/select-managed-container-runtime-environment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/select-managed-container-runtime-environment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Select a managed container runtime environment</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>DevOps and development lifecycle</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/architecture-decision-records" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/architecture-decision-records" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/architecture-decision-records" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture decision records overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Develop and deliver apps with a deployment pipeline</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/app-development-and-delivery-with-cloud-code-gcb-cd-and-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/app-development-and-delivery-with-cloud-code-gcb-cd-and-gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/app-development-and-delivery-with-cloud-code-gcb-cd-and-gke" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/app-development-and-delivery-with-cloud-code-gcb-cd-and-gke/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/app-development-and-delivery-with-cloud-code-gcb-cd-and-gke/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/app-development-and-delivery-with-cloud-code-gcb-cd-and-gke/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/devops" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/devops" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/devops" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>DevOps Research and Assessment (DORA) capabilities</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Application architectures</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Apache Guacamole on GKE and Cloud SQL</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deploy-guacamole-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deploy-guacamole-gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deploy-guacamole-gke" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deploy-guacamole-gke/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deploy-guacamole-gke/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deploy-guacamole-gke/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Chrome Remote Desktop on Compute Engine</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/chrome-desktop-remote-on-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/chrome-desktop-remote-on-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/chrome-desktop-remote-on-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up for Linux</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/chrome-desktop-remote-windows-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/chrome-desktop-remote-windows-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/chrome-desktop-remote-windows-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up for Windows</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Connected device architectures on Google Cloud</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/connected-devices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/connected-devices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/connected-devices" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/connected-devices/mqtt-broker-architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/connected-devices/mqtt-broker-architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/connected-devices/mqtt-broker-architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Standalone MQTT broker</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/connected-devices/iot-platform-product-architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/connected-devices/iot-platform-product-architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/connected-devices/iot-platform-product-architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>IoT platform product</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/connected-devices/device-pubsub-architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/connected-devices/device-pubsub-architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/connected-devices/device-pubsub-architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Device to Pub/Sub connection to Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/connected-devices/bps-running-iot-backend-securely" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/connected-devices/bps-running-iot-backend-securely" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/connected-devices/bps-running-iot-backend-securely" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for running an IoT backend</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/connected-devices/best-practices-provisioning-configuring-bare-metal" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/connected-devices/best-practices-provisioning-configuring-bare-metal" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/connected-devices/best-practices-provisioning-configuring-bare-metal" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for automatically provisioning and configuring edge and bare metal systems and servers</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/distributed-load-testing-using-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/distributed-load-testing-using-gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/distributed-load-testing-using-gke" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Distributed load testing using Google Kubernetes Engine</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/application-development/ecommerce-serverless" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/application-development/ecommerce-serverless" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/application-development/ecommerce-serverless" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Ecommerce platform with serverless computing</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/application-development/ecommerce-microservices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/application-development/ecommerce-microservices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/application-development/ecommerce-microservices" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Ecommerce web app deployed on Kubernetes</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage and scale networking for Windows applications that run on managed Kubernetes</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/manage-and-scale-windows-networking" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/manage-and-scale-windows-networking" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/manage-and-scale-windows-networking" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/manage-and-scale-windows-networking/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/manage-and-scale-windows-networking/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/manage-and-scale-windows-networking/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/application-development/gke-java-spring-dynamic-webapp" class="devsite-nav-title 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class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/application-development/dynamic-app-python" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/application-development/dynamic-app-python" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Dynamic web application with Python and JavaScript</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/application-development/cloud-client-api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/application-development/cloud-client-api" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/application-development/cloud-client-api" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use a Cloud SDK Client Library</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/best-practices-for-iam-and-billing-in-higher-education" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/best-practices-for-iam-and-billing-in-higher-education" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/best-practices-for-iam-and-billing-in-higher-education" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Onboarding best practices for state, local, and education organizations</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/application-development/three-tier-web-app" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/application-development/three-tier-web-app" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/application-development/three-tier-web-app" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Three-tier web app</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/web-serving-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/web-serving-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/web-serving-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Website hosting</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Big data and analytics</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/big-data-analytics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/big-data-analytics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/big-data-analytics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>End-to-end architectures</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/big-data-analytics/analytics-lakehouse" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/big-data-analytics/analytics-lakehouse" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/big-data-analytics/analytics-lakehouse" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Analytics lakehouse</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data mesh on Google Cloud</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/data-mesh" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/data-mesh" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/data-mesh" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture and functions in a data mesh</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/design-self-service-data-platform-data-mesh" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: 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/architecture/discover-consume-data-products-data-mesh" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/discover-consume-data-products-data-mesh" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Discover and consume data products in a data mesh</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/big-data-analytics/data-warehouse" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/big-data-analytics/data-warehouse" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/big-data-analytics/data-warehouse" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data warehouse with BigQuery</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>BigQuery backup automation</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/scalable-bigquery-backup-automation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/scalable-bigquery-backup-automation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/scalable-bigquery-backup-automation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/scalable-bigquery-backup-automation/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/scalable-bigquery-backup-automation/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/scalable-bigquery-backup-automation/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Load and process data</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/continuous-data-replication-bigquery-striim" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/continuous-data-replication-bigquery-striim" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/continuous-data-replication-bigquery-striim" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Continuous data replication to BigQuery using Striim</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use Apache Hive on Dataproc</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/using-apache-hive-on-cloud-dataproc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/using-apache-hive-on-cloud-dataproc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/using-apache-hive-on-cloud-dataproc" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/using-apache-hive-on-cloud-dataproc/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/using-apache-hive-on-cloud-dataproc/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/using-apache-hive-on-cloud-dataproc/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Analyze data</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/analyzing-fhir-data-in-bigquery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/analyzing-fhir-data-in-bigquery" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/analyzing-fhir-data-in-bigquery" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Analyze FHIR data in BigQuery</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/data-science-with-r-on-gcp-eda" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/data-science-with-r-on-gcp-eda" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/data-science-with-r-on-gcp-eda" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data science with R: exploratory data analysis</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/geospatial-analytics-architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/geospatial-analytics-architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/geospatial-analytics-architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Geospatial analytics</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Databases</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/databases" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/databases" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/databases" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Database availability</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/architectures-high-availability-mysql-clusters-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/architectures-high-availability-mysql-clusters-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/architectures-high-availability-mysql-clusters-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>High availability of MySQL clusters on Compute Engine</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-app-oracle-database-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-app-oracle-database-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-app-oracle-database-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enterprise application with Oracle Database on Compute Engine</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/enterprise-app-oracle-exadata-database-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/enterprise-app-oracle-exadata-database-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/enterprise-app-oracle-exadata-database-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Enterprise application on Compute Engine VMs with Oracle Exadata in Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/multi-cloud-database-management" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/multi-cloud-database-management" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/multi-cloud-database-management" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Multi-cloud database management</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hybrid and multicloud</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Build hybrid and multicloud architectures</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/drivers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/drivers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/drivers" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Drivers, considerations, strategy, and patterns</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/strategy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/strategy" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/strategy" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Plan a hybrid and multicloud strategy</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/adopt" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/adopt" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/adopt" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architectural approaches to adopt a hybrid or multicloud architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/other-considerations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/other-considerations" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/other-considerations" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Other considerations</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/whats-next" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/whats-next" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/whats-next" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>What's next</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-break"></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/one-page-view" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/one-page-view" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns/one-page-view" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View the guide as a single page</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hybrid and multicloud architecture patterns</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/distributed-patterns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/distributed-patterns" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/distributed-patterns" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Distributed architecture patterns</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/tiered-hybrid-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/tiered-hybrid-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/tiered-hybrid-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Tiered hybrid pattern</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/partitioned-multicloud-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/partitioned-multicloud-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/partitioned-multicloud-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Partitioned multicloud pattern</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/analytics-hybrid-multicloud-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/analytics-hybrid-multicloud-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/analytics-hybrid-multicloud-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Analytics hybrid and multicloud patterns</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/edge-hybrid-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/edge-hybrid-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/edge-hybrid-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Edge hybrid pattern</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/environment-hybrid-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/environment-hybrid-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/environment-hybrid-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Environment hybrid pattern</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/business-continuity-patterns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/business-continuity-patterns" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/business-continuity-patterns" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Business continuity hybrid and multicloud patterns</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/cloud-bursting-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/cloud-bursting-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/cloud-bursting-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cloud bursting pattern</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/whats-next" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/whats-next" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/whats-next" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>What's next</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-break"></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/one-page-view" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/one-page-view" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-patterns-and-practices/one-page-view" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View the guide as a single page</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hybrid and multicloud secure networking architecture patterns</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/design-considerations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/design-considerations" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/design-considerations" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Design considerations</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/architecture-patterns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/architecture-patterns" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/architecture-patterns" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture patterns</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/mirrored-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/mirrored-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/mirrored-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Mirrored pattern</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/meshed-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/meshed-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/meshed-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Meshed pattern</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-patterns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-patterns" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-patterns" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Gated patterns</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-egress" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-egress" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-egress" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Gated egress</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-ingress" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-ingress" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-ingress" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Gated ingress</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-egress-ingress" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-egress-ingress" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/gated-egress-ingress" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Gated egress and gated ingress</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/handover-pattern" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/handover-pattern" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/handover-pattern" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Handover pattern</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/general-best-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/general-best-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/general-best-practices" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>General best practices</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/whats-next" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/whats-next" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/whats-next" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>What's next</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-break"></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/one-page-view" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/one-page-view" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-multicloud-secure-networking-patterns/one-page-view" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>View the guide as a single page</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross-Cloud Network design for distributed applications</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/connectivity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/connectivity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/connectivity" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Connectivity</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/service-networking" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/service-networking" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/service-networking" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Service networking</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/security" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/security" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Network security</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/ccn-ncc-vpn-ra" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/ccn-ncc-vpn-ra" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/ccn-ncc-vpn-ra" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross-Cloud Network inter-VPC connectivity using Network Connectivity Center</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/ccn-vnp-vpn-ra" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/ccn-vnp-vpn-ra" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/ccn-distributed-apps-design/ccn-vnp-vpn-ra" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cross-Cloud Network inter-VPC connectivity with VPC Network Peering</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hybrid and multicloud applications</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hybrid render farm</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/building-a-hybrid-render-farm" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/building-a-hybrid-render-farm" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/building-a-hybrid-render-farm" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Build a hybrid render farm</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/patterns-for-connecting-other-csps-with-gcp" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/patterns-for-connecting-other-csps-with-gcp" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/patterns-for-connecting-other-csps-with-gcp" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Patterns for connecting other cloud service providers with Google Cloud</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Identity and access management</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Authenticate workforce users in a hybrid environment</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/authenticating-corporate-users-in-a-hybrid-environment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/authenticating-corporate-users-in-a-hybrid-environment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/authenticating-corporate-users-in-a-hybrid-environment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/patterns-for-authenticating-corporate-users-in-a-hybrid-environment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/patterns-for-authenticating-corporate-users-in-a-hybrid-environment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/patterns-for-authenticating-corporate-users-in-a-hybrid-environment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Implementation patterns</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/configuring-active-directory-for-vms-to-automatically-join-the-domain" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/configuring-active-directory-for-vms-to-automatically-join-the-domain" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/configuring-active-directory-for-vms-to-automatically-join-the-domain" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure Active Directory for VMs to automatically join a domain</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deploy-an-active-directory-forest-on-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deploy-an-active-directory-forest-on-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deploy-an-active-directory-forest-on-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy an Active Directory forest on Compute Engine</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/patterns-for-using-active-directory-in-a-hybrid-environment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/patterns-for-using-active-directory-in-a-hybrid-environment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/patterns-for-using-active-directory-in-a-hybrid-environment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Patterns for using Active Directory in a hybrid environment</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Third-party product integrations</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/using-cohesity-with-cloud-storage-for-enterprise-hybrid-data-protection" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/using-cohesity-with-cloud-storage-for-enterprise-hybrid-data-protection" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/using-cohesity-with-cloud-storage-for-enterprise-hybrid-data-protection" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data management with Cohesity Helios and Google Cloud</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migration</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrations" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrations" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate to Google Cloud</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-gcp-getting-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-gcp-getting-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-gcp-getting-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-gcp-assessing-and-discovering-your-workloads" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-gcp-assessing-and-discovering-your-workloads" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-gcp-assessing-and-discovering-your-workloads" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Assess and discover your workloads</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-building-your-foundation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-building-your-foundation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-building-your-foundation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Plan and build your foundation</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-transferring-your-large-datasets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-transferring-your-large-datasets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-transferring-your-large-datasets" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Transfer your large datasets</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-gcp-deploying-your-workloads" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-gcp-deploying-your-workloads" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-gcp-deploying-your-workloads" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy your workloads</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-automated-containerized-deployments" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-automated-containerized-deployments" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-automated-containerized-deployments" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate from manual deployments to automated, containerized deployments</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-optimizing-your-environment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-optimizing-your-environment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-optimizing-your-environment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Optimize your environment</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-best-practices" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-best-practices" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-best-practices" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for validating a migration plan</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-minimize-costs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-minimize-costs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-to-google-cloud-minimize-costs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Minimize costs</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate from AWS to Google Cloud</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migration-from-aws-get-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migration-from-aws-get-started" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migration-from-aws-get-started" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-amazon-ec2-to-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-amazon-ec2-to-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-amazon-ec2-to-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate Amazon EC2 to Compute Engine</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-amazon-s3-to-cloud-storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-amazon-s3-to-cloud-storage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-amazon-s3-to-cloud-storage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate Amazon S3 to Cloud Storage</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-amazon-eks-to-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-amazon-eks-to-gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-amazon-eks-to-gke" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate Amazon EKS to GKE</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-aws-rds-to-sql-mysql" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-aws-rds-to-sql-mysql" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-aws-rds-to-sql-mysql" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate from Amazon RDS and Amazon Aurora for MySQL to Cloud SQL for MySQL</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-aws-rds-aurora-to-postgresql" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-aws-rds-aurora-to-postgresql" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-aws-rds-aurora-to-postgresql" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate from Amazon RDS and Amazon Aurora for PostgreSQL to Cloud SQL and AlloyDB for PostgreSQL</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-aws-rds-to-cloudsql-for-sqlserver" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-aws-rds-to-cloudsql-for-sqlserver" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-aws-rds-to-cloudsql-for-sqlserver" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate from Amazon RDS for SQL Server to Cloud SQL for SQL Server</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-aws-lambda-to-cloudrun" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-aws-lambda-to-cloudrun" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-aws-lambda-to-cloudrun" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate from AWS Lambda to Cloud Run</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/vmware-engine-blueprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/vmware-engine-blueprint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/vmware-engine-blueprint" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate to a Google Cloud VMware Engine platform</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Application migration</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate containers to Google Cloud</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrating-containers-kubernetes-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrating-containers-kubernetes-gke" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrating-containers-kubernetes-gke" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate from Kubernetes to GKE</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate across Google Cloud regions</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-across-regions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-across-regions" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-across-regions" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Get started</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-across-regions/design-resilient-single-region-environments" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-across-regions/design-resilient-single-region-environments" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-across-regions/design-resilient-single-region-environments" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Design resilient single-region environments on Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-across-regions/architect-workloads" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-across-regions/architect-workloads" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-across-regions/architect-workloads" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architect your workloads</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/migrate-across-regions/prepare-data-and-batch-workloads" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/migrate-across-regions/prepare-data-and-batch-workloads" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/migrate-across-regions/prepare-data-and-batch-workloads" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Prepare data and batch workloads for migration across regions</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data and Database migration</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Database migration guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/database-migration-concepts-principles-part-1" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/database-migration-concepts-principles-part-1" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/database-migration-concepts-principles-part-1" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Concepts, principles, and terminology</span></a></li><li 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data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hadoop" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hadoop" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hadoop/hadoop-gcp-migration-data" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hadoop/hadoop-gcp-migration-data" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hadoop/hadoop-gcp-migration-data" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hadoop/validating-data-transfers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hadoop/validating-data-transfers" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hadoop/validating-data-transfers" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Validating data transfers</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Jobs</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hadoop/hadoop-gcp-migration-jobs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hadoop/hadoop-gcp-migration-jobs" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hadoop/hadoop-gcp-migration-jobs" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrating Hadoop Jobs from On-Premises to Google Cloud Platform</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Security</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hadoop/hadoop-migration-security-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hadoop/hadoop-migration-security-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hadoop/hadoop-migration-security-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Security Guide</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hadoop/architecture-for-connecting-visualization-software-to-hadoop-on-google-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hadoop/architecture-for-connecting-visualization-software-to-hadoop-on-google-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hadoop/architecture-for-connecting-visualization-software-to-hadoop-on-google-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture for connecting visualization software to Hadoop on Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hadoop/connecting-visualization-software-to-hadoop-on-google-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hadoop/connecting-visualization-software-to-hadoop-on-google-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hadoop/connecting-visualization-software-to-hadoop-on-google-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Connecting visualization software to Hadoop on Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hadoop/kerberized-data-lake-dataproc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hadoop/kerberized-data-lake-dataproc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hadoop/kerberized-data-lake-dataproc" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Kerberized data lake on Dataproc</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Networks for migrating enterprise workloads</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/network-architecture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/network-architecture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/network-architecture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architectural approaches</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/network-secure-intra-cloud-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/network-secure-intra-cloud-access" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/network-secure-intra-cloud-access" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Networking for secure intra-cloud access</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/network-application-delivery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/network-application-delivery" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/network-application-delivery" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Networking for internet-facing application delivery</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/network-hybrid-multicloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/network-hybrid-multicloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/network-hybrid-multicloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Networking for hybrid and multicloud workloads</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use RIOT Live Migration to migrate to Redis Enterprise Cloud</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud/assessment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud/assessment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/riot-live-migration-redis-enterprise-cloud/assessment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Define migration scope</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Monitoring and logging</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/monitoring" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/monitoring" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/monitoring" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Export logs and metrics</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/monitoring-metric-export" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/monitoring-metric-export" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/monitoring-metric-export" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Cloud Monitoring metric export</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Import logs from Cloud Storage to Cloud Logging</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/import-logs-from-storage-to-logging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/import-logs-from-storage-to-logging" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/import-logs-from-storage-to-logging" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/import-logs-from-storage-to-logging/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/import-logs-from-storage-to-logging/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/import-logs-from-storage-to-logging/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Stream logs from Google Cloud to Splunk</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/stream-logs-from-google-cloud-to-splunk" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/stream-logs-from-google-cloud-to-splunk" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/stream-logs-from-google-cloud-to-splunk" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/stream-logs-from-google-cloud-to-splunk/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/stream-logs-from-google-cloud-to-splunk/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/stream-logs-from-google-cloud-to-splunk/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hybrid and multicloud monitoring</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/hybrid-and-multi-cloud-monitoring-and-logging-patterns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/hybrid-and-multi-cloud-monitoring-and-logging-patterns" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/hybrid-and-multi-cloud-monitoring-and-logging-patterns" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hybrid and multicloud monitoring and logging patterns</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Log and monitor on-premises resources with BindPlane</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/logging-and-monitoring-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/logging-and-monitoring-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/logging-and-monitoring-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/logging-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/logging-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/logging-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Log on-premises resources</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/monitoring-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/monitoring-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/monitoring-on-premises-resources-with-bindplane" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Monitor on-premises resources</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Stream logs from Google Cloud to Datadog</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/stream-cloud-logs-to-datadog" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/stream-cloud-logs-to-datadog" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/stream-cloud-logs-to-datadog" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/stream-cloud-logs-to-datadog/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/stream-cloud-logs-to-datadog/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/stream-cloud-logs-to-datadog/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Networking</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/networking" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/networking" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/networking" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/best-practices-vpc-design" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/best-practices-vpc-design" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/best-practices-vpc-design" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices and reference architectures for VPC design</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Connect</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deploy-hub-spoke-vpc-network-topology" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deploy-hub-spoke-vpc-network-topology" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deploy-hub-spoke-vpc-network-topology" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Hub-and-spoke network architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/patterns-for-connecting-other-csps-with-gcp" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/patterns-for-connecting-other-csps-with-gcp" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/patterns-for-connecting-other-csps-with-gcp" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Patterns for connecting other cloud service providers with Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/building-internet-connectivity-for-private-vms" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/building-internet-connectivity-for-private-vms" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/building-internet-connectivity-for-private-vms" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Building internet connectivity for private VMs</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Secure</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/use-terraform-to-deploy-a-fortigate-ngfw" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/use-terraform-to-deploy-a-fortigate-ngfw" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/use-terraform-to-deploy-a-fortigate-ngfw" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy FortiGate-VM Next Generation Firewall using Terraform</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/fortigate-architecture-in-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/fortigate-architecture-in-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/fortigate-architecture-in-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Fortigate architecture in Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/palo-alto-networks-ngfw" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/palo-alto-networks-ngfw" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/palo-alto-networks-ngfw" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Secure virtual private cloud networks with the Palo Alto VM-Series NGFW</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/gcve-advanced-network-security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/gcve-advanced-network-security" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/gcve-advanced-network-security" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>VMware Engine network security using centralized appliances</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/network-controls-limit-access-individually-approved-apis" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/network-controls-limit-access-individually-approved-apis" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/network-controls-limit-access-individually-approved-apis" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Controls to restrict access to individually approved APIs</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Observe</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deploy-network-telemetry-blueprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deploy-network-telemetry-blueprint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deploy-network-telemetry-blueprint" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy network monitoring and telemetry capabilities in Google Cloud</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reliability and disaster recovery</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/reliability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/reliability" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/reliability" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Infrastructure reliability guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/infra-reliability-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview of reliability</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/building-blocks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/infra-reliability-guide/building-blocks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/building-blocks" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Building blocks of reliability</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/requirements" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/infra-reliability-guide/requirements" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/requirements" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Assess reliability requirements</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/design" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/infra-reliability-guide/design" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/design" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Design reliable infrastructure</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/traffic-load" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/infra-reliability-guide/traffic-load" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/traffic-load" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage traffic and load</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/manage-and-monitor" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/infra-reliability-guide/manage-and-monitor" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/manage-and-monitor" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Manage and monitor infrastructure</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/whats-next" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/infra-reliability-guide/whats-next" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/infra-reliability-guide/whats-next" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>What's next</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Disaster recovery planning guide</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/dr-scenarios-planning-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/dr-scenarios-planning-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/dr-scenarios-planning-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/dr-scenarios-building-blocks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/dr-scenarios-building-blocks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/dr-scenarios-building-blocks" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Building blocks</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/dr-scenarios-for-data" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/dr-scenarios-for-data" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/dr-scenarios-for-data" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Scenarios for data</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/dr-scenarios-for-applications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/dr-scenarios-for-applications" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/dr-scenarios-for-applications" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Scenarios for applications</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/architecting-disaster-recovery-for-locality-restricted-workloads" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/architecting-disaster-recovery-for-locality-restricted-workloads" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/architecting-disaster-recovery-for-locality-restricted-workloads" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecting for locality-restricted workloads</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/dr-scenarios-locality-restricted-data-analytics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/dr-scenarios-locality-restricted-data-analytics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/dr-scenarios-locality-restricted-data-analytics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use cases: locality-restricted data analytics applications</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/disaster-recovery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/disaster-recovery" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/disaster-recovery" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecting for cloud infrastructure outages</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Application availability</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/reliability/load-balanced-vms" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/reliability/load-balanced-vms" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/reliability/load-balanced-vms" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Load balanced managed VMs</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/patterns-for-floating-ip-addresses-in-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/patterns-for-floating-ip-addresses-in-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/patterns-for-floating-ip-addresses-in-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Patterns for using floating IP addresses in Compute Engine</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data availability</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/continuous-data-replication-cloud-spanner-striim" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/continuous-data-replication-cloud-spanner-striim" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/continuous-data-replication-cloud-spanner-striim" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Continuous data replication to Cloud Spanner using Striim</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/architectures-high-availability-postgresql-clusters-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/architectures-high-availability-postgresql-clusters-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/architectures-high-availability-postgresql-clusters-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>High availability of PostgreSQL clusters on Compute Engine</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/business-continuity-with-cicd-on-google-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/business-continuity-with-cicd-on-google-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/business-continuity-with-cicd-on-google-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Business continuity with CI/CD on Google Cloud</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Security and IAM</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-iam" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-iam" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-iam" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Identity and access management overview</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Concepts</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/overview-google-authentication" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/overview-google-authentication" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/overview-google-authentication" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview of Google identity management</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/reference-architectures" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/reference-architectures" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/reference-architectures" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architectures</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/single-sign-on" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/single-sign-on" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/single-sign-on" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Single sign-on</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/best-practices-for-planning" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/best-practices-for-planning" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/best-practices-for-planning" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for planning accounts and organizations</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/best-practices-for-federating" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/best-practices-for-federating" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/best-practices-for-federating" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for federating Google Cloud with an external identity provider</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Assess and plan</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/overview-assess-and-plan" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/overview-assess-and-plan" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/overview-assess-and-plan" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Plan the onboarding process</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-introduction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-introduction" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-introduction" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Federate with Active Directory</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-azure-active-directory" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-azure-active-directory" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-azure-active-directory" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Federate with Microsoft Entra ID</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/assessing-existing-user-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/assessing-existing-user-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/assessing-existing-user-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Assess existing user accounts</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/assessing-onboarding-plans" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/assessing-onboarding-plans" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/assessing-onboarding-plans" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Assess onboarding plans</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/assessing-consolidation-impact-on-federation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/assessing-consolidation-impact-on-federation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/assessing-consolidation-impact-on-federation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Assess the impact of user account consolidation on federation</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/preparing-your-g-suite-or-cloud-identity-account" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/preparing-your-g-suite-or-cloud-identity-account" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/preparing-your-g-suite-or-cloud-identity-account" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Prepare your Google Workspace or Cloud Identity account</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Set up federation</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-azure-ad-configuring-provisioning-and-single-sign-on" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-azure-ad-configuring-provisioning-and-single-sign-on" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-azure-ad-configuring-provisioning-and-single-sign-on" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Microsoft Entra ID user provisioning and single sign-on</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/azure-ad-b2b-user-provisioning-and-sso" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/azure-ad-b2b-user-provisioning-and-sso" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/azure-ad-b2b-user-provisioning-and-sso" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Microsoft Entra ID B2B user provisioning and single sign-on</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/integrating-google-services-and-apps-with-azure-ad-portal" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/integrating-google-services-and-apps-with-azure-ad-portal" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/integrating-google-services-and-apps-with-azure-ad-portal" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Microsoft Entra ID My Apps portal integration</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-synchronizing-user-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-synchronizing-user-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-synchronizing-user-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Active Directory user account provisioning</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-configuring-single-sign-on" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-configuring-single-sign-on" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/federating-gcp-with-active-directory-configuring-single-sign-on" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Active Directory single sign-on</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/keycloak-single-sign-on" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/keycloak-single-sign-on" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/keycloak-single-sign-on" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Keycloak single sign-on</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/okta-provisioning-and-single-sign-on" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/okta-provisioning-and-single-sign-on" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/okta-provisioning-and-single-sign-on" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Okta user provisioning and single sign-on</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Consolidate accounts</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/overview-consolidating-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/overview-consolidating-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/overview-consolidating-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/migrating-consumer-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/migrating-consumer-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/migrating-consumer-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Migrate consumer accounts</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/evicting-consumer-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/evicting-consumer-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/evicting-consumer-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Evict unwanted consumer accounts</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/sanitizing-gmail-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/sanitizing-gmail-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/sanitizing-gmail-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sanitize Gmail accounts</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/removing-gmail-from-consumer-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/removing-gmail-from-consumer-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/removing-gmail-from-consumer-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Remove Gmail from consumer accounts</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/reconciling-orphaned-managed-user-accounts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/reconciling-orphaned-managed-user-accounts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/reconciling-orphaned-managed-user-accounts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reconcile orphaned managed user accounts</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Resources</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/identity/example-announcement" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/identity/example-announcement" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/identity/example-announcement" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Example announcement</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Application security</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/best-practices-securing-applications-and-apis-using-apigee" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/best-practices-securing-applications-and-apis-using-apigee" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/best-practices-securing-applications-and-apis-using-apigee" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for securing your applications and APIs using Apigee</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/design-secure-deployment-pipelines-bp" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/design-secure-deployment-pipelines-bp" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/design-secure-deployment-pipelines-bp" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Design secure deployment pipelines</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/deploy-programmable-gfe-cloud-armor-lb-cdn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/deploy-programmable-gfe-cloud-armor-lb-cdn" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/deploy-programmable-gfe-cloud-armor-lb-cdn" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Use Google Cloud Armor, load balancing, and Cloud CDN to deploy programmable global front ends</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Secured serverless architecture</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/serverless-functions-blueprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/serverless-functions-blueprint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/serverless-functions-blueprint" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture using Cloud Functions</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/serverless-blueprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/serverless-blueprint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/serverless-blueprint" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Architecture using Cloud Run</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Compliance</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/configure-networks-fedramp-dod-google-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/configure-networks-fedramp-dod-google-cloud" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/configure-networks-fedramp-dod-google-cloud" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure networks for FedRAMP and DoD in Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/fedramp-implementation-guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/fedramp-implementation-guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/fedramp-implementation-guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Google Cloud FedRAMP implementation guide</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Data and identity protection</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/backing-up-workspace-data-with-spinone" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/backing-up-workspace-data-with-spinone" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/backing-up-workspace-data-with-spinone" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Configure SaaS data protection for Google Workspace data with SpinOne</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/de-identification-re-identification-pii-using-cloud-dlp" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/de-identification-re-identification-pii-using-cloud-dlp" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/de-identification-re-identification-pii-using-cloud-dlp" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>De-identification and re-identification of PII in large-scale datasets using Cloud DLP</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Import data into a secured BigQuery data warehouse</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/confidential-data-warehouse-blueprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/confidential-data-warehouse-blueprint" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/confidential-data-warehouse-blueprint" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Import from a Google Cloud source</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/secured-data-warehouse-blueprint-onprem" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/secured-data-warehouse-blueprint-onprem" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/secured-data-warehouse-blueprint-onprem" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Import from an external source</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/security-log-analytics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/security-log-analytics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/security-log-analytics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Security log analytics in Google Cloud</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Mitigation and avoidance</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Automate malware scanning for files uploaded to Cloud Storage</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/automate-malware-scanning-for-documents-uploaded-to-cloud-storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/automate-malware-scanning-for-documents-uploaded-to-cloud-storage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/automate-malware-scanning-for-documents-uploaded-to-cloud-storage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Reference architecture</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/automate-malware-scanning-for-documents-uploaded-to-cloud-storage/deployment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/automate-malware-scanning-for-documents-uploaded-to-cloud-storage/deployment" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/automate-malware-scanning-for-documents-uploaded-to-cloud-storage/deployment" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Deploy the architecture</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/bps-for-mitigating-gcloud-oauth-tokens" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/bps-for-mitigating-gcloud-oauth-tokens" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/bps-for-mitigating-gcloud-oauth-tokens" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for mitigating compromised OAuth tokens for Google Cloud CLI</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/bps-for-protecting-against-crytocurrency-attacks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/bps-for-protecting-against-crytocurrency-attacks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/bps-for-protecting-against-crytocurrency-attacks" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices for protecting against cryptocurrency mining attacks</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Mitigate ransomware attacks</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/mitigating-ransomware-attacks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/mitigating-ransomware-attacks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/mitigating-ransomware-attacks" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/bps-for-mitigating-ransomware-attacks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/bps-for-mitigating-ransomware-attacks" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/bps-for-mitigating-ransomware-attacks" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Best practices</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/owasp-top-ten-mitigation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/owasp-top-ten-mitigation" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/owasp-top-ten-mitigation" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>OWASP Top 10 2021 mitigation options on Google Cloud</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/id-prioritize-security-risks-with-wiz" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/id-prioritize-security-risks-with-wiz" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/id-prioritize-security-risks-with-wiz" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Identify and prioritize security risks with Wiz Security Graph and Google Cloud</span></a></li></ul></div></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Network security</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/partners/palo-alto-networks-ngfw" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/partners/palo-alto-networks-ngfw" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/partners/palo-alto-networks-ngfw" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Secure virtual private cloud networks with the Palo Alto VM-Series NGFW</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable devsite-nav-accordion"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Storage</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/storage" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/storage" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Content overview</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/storage-advisor" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/storage-advisor" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/storage-advisor" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Design an optimal storage strategy for your cloud workload</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Storage applications</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/filers-on-compute-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/filers-on-compute-engine" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/filers-on-compute-engine" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>File storage on Compute Engine</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/architecture/parallel-file-systems-for-hpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /architecture/parallel-file-systems-for-hpc" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/architecture/parallel-file-systems-for-hpc" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Parallel file systems for HPC workloads</span></a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Overview" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Accelerate your digital transformation </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/transform" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Learn more" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Learn more </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Key benefits </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/why-google-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Why Google Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Why Google Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: AI and ML" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > AI and ML </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/multicloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Multicloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Multicloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/infrastructure" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Global infrastructure" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Global infrastructure </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/data-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Data Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Data Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/modern-infrastructure" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Modern Infrastructure Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Modern Infrastructure Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Security" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Productivity and collaboration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Productivity and collaboration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Reports and insights </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/executive-insights" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Executive insights" track-type="navMenu" 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data-label="Responsive Tab: Customer stories" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Customer stories </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Solutions" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions#industry-solutions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Industry Solutions" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Industry Solutions </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/retail" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Retail" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Retail </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/cpg" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Consumer Packaged Goods" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Consumer Packaged Goods </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/financial-services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Financial Services" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Financial Services </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/healthcare-life-sciences" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Healthcare and Life Sciences" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Healthcare and Life Sciences </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/media-entertainment" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Media and Entertainment" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Media and Entertainment </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/telecommunications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Telecommunications" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Telecommunications </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/games" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Games" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Games </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/manufacturing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Manufacturing" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Manufacturing </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/supply-chain-logistics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Supply Chain and Logistics" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Supply Chain and Logistics </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/gov" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Government" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Government </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/edu/higher-education" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Education" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Education </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions#industry-solutions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all industry solutions" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all industry solutions </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all solutions" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all solutions </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/camp" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Application Modernization" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Application Modernization </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/camp" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: CAMP" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > CAMP </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/modernize-traditional-applications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Modernize Traditional Applications" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Modernize Traditional Applications </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/migrate-from-paas" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate from PaaS&#58; Cloud Foundry, Openshift" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migrate from PaaS&#58; Cloud Foundry, Openshift </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/mainframe-modernization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate from Mainframe" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migrate from Mainframe </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/software-delivery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Modernize Software Delivery" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Modernize Software Delivery </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/devops" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: DevOps Best Practices" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > DevOps Best Practices </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/sre" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: SRE Principles" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > SRE Principles </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/day-2-operations-for-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Day 2 Operations for GKE" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Day 2 Operations for GKE </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/finops-optimize-gke" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: FinOps and Optimization of GKE" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > FinOps and Optimization of GKE </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/modernize-with-edge" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Run Applications at the Edge" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Run Applications at the Edge </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/architect-multicloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Architect for Multicloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Architect for Multicloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/serverless" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Go Serverless" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Go Serverless </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Artificial Intelligence" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Artificial Intelligence </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/customer-engagement-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Customer Engagement Suite with Google AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Customer Engagement Suite with Google AI </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/document-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Document AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Document AI </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/retail-product-discovery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Vertex AI Search for retail" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Vertex AI Search for retail </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/gemini" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Gemini for Google Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Gemini for Google Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/use-cases/generative-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Generative AI on Google Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Generative AI on Google Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/apis-and-applications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: APIs and Applications" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > APIs and Applications </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/new-channels-using-apis" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: New Business Channels Using APIs" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > New Business Channels Using APIs </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/unlocking-legacy-applications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Unlocking Legacy Applications Using APIs" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Unlocking Legacy Applications Using APIs </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/open-banking-apix" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Open Banking APIx" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Open Banking APIx </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/data-analytics-and-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Data Analytics" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Data Analytics </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/data-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Data Migration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Data Migration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/data-lake" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Data Lake Modernization" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Data Lake Modernization </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/stream-analytics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Stream Analytics" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Stream Analytics </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/marketing-analytics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Marketing Analytics" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Marketing Analytics </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/datasets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Datasets" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Datasets </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/business-intelligence" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Business Intelligence" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Business Intelligence </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/use-cases/ai-data-analytics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: AI for Data Analytics" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > AI for Data Analytics </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/databases" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Databases" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Databases </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/database-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Database Migration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Database Migration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/database-modernization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Database Modernization" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Database Modernization </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/databases/games" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Databases for Games" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Databases for Games </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/databases" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Cloud Databases" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Cloud Databases </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/oracle" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate Oracle workloads to Google Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migrate Oracle workloads to Google Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/open-source-databases" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Open Source Databases" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Open Source Databases </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/sql-server" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: SQL Server on Google Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > SQL Server on Google Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/gemini/databases" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Gemini for Databases" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Gemini for Databases </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/infrastructure-modernization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Infrastructure Modernization" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Infrastructure Modernization </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/application-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Application Migration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Application Migration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/sap" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: SAP on Google Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > SAP on Google Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/hpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: High Performance Computing" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > High Performance Computing </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/windows" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Windows on Google Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Windows on Google Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/data-center-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Data Center Migration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Data Center Migration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/active-assist" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Active Assist" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Active Assist </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/virtual-desktops" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Virtual Desktops" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Virtual Desktops </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/cloud-migration-program" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Rapid Migration and Modernization Program" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Rapid Migration and Modernization Program </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/backup-dr" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Backup and Disaster Recovery" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Backup and Disaster Recovery </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/redhat" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Red Hat on Google Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Red Hat on Google Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/cross-cloud-network" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cross-Cloud Network" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cross-Cloud Network </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/observability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Observability" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Observability </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/enterprise/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Productivity and Collaboration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Productivity and Collaboration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/solutions/enterprise/?enterprise-benefits_activeEl=connect" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Workspace" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Workspace </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/essentials/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Workspace Essentials" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Workspace Essentials </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Identity" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Identity </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://chromeenterprise.google" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Chrome Enterprise" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Chrome Enterprise </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Security" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/security-analytics-and-operations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Security Analytics and Operations" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security Analytics and Operations </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/solutions/web-app-and-api-protection" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Web App and API Protection" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Web App and API Protection </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/solutions/security-and-resilience" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Security and Resilience Framework" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security and Resilience Framework </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/risk-and-compliance-as-code" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Risk and compliance as code (RCaC)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Risk and compliance as code (RCaC) </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/solutions/software-supply-chain-security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Software Supply Chain Security" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Software Supply Chain Security </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/solutions/security-foundation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Security Foundation" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security Foundation </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/solutions/secops-cybershield" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Cloud Cybershield™" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Cloud Cybershield™ </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions#section-13" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Startups and SMB" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Startups and SMB </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/startup" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Startup Program" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Startup Program </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/smb" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Small and Medium Business" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Small and Medium Business </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/saas" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Software as a Service" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Software as a Service </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Products" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Featured Products </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/compute" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Compute Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Compute Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Storage" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Storage </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/bigquery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: BigQuery" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > BigQuery </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Run" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Run </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/kubernetes-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Kubernetes Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Kubernetes Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/vertex-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Vertex AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Vertex AI </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/looker" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Looker" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Looker </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/apigee" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Apigee API Management" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Apigee API Management </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/sql" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud SQL" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud SQL </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/ai/gemini" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Gemini" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Gemini </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/cdn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud CDN" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud CDN </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products#featured-products" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all products (100+)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all products (100+) </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: AI and Machine Learning" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > AI and Machine Learning </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/vertex-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Vertex AI Platform" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Vertex AI Platform </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/generative-ai-studio" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Vertex AI Studio" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Vertex AI Studio </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/agent-builder" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Vertex AI Agent Builder" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Vertex AI Agent Builder </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/conversational-agents" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Conversational Agents" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Conversational Agents </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/enterprise-search" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Vertex AI Search" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Vertex AI Search </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/speech-to-text" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Speech-to-Text" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Speech-to-Text </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/text-to-speech" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Text-to-Speech" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Text-to-Speech </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/translate" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Translation AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Translation AI </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/document-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Document AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Document AI </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/vision" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Vision AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Vision AI </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/contact-center-ai-platform" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Contact Center as a Service" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Contact Center as a Service </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products?pds=CAE#ai-and-machine-learning" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all AI and machine learning products" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all AI and machine learning products </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Business Intelligence </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/looker" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Looker" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Looker </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/looker-studio" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Looker Studio" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Looker Studio </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/compute" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Compute" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Compute </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/compute" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Compute Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Compute Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/appengine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: App Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > App Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/gpu" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud GPUs" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud GPUs </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/cloud-migration/virtual-machines" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate to Virtual Machines" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migrate to Virtual Machines </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/spot-vms" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Spot VMs" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Spot VMs </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/batch" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Batch" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Batch </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/compute/docs/nodes/sole-tenant-nodes" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Sole-Tenant Nodes" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Sole-Tenant Nodes </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/bare-metal" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Bare Metal" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Bare Metal </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/recommender/docs/whatis-activeassist" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Recommender" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Recommender </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/vmware-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: VMware Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > VMware Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Run" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Run </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products?pds=CAUSAQw#compute" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all compute products" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all compute products </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/containers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Containers" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Containers </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/kubernetes-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Kubernetes Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Kubernetes Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Run" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Run </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/build" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Build" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Build </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/artifact-registry/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Artifact Registry" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Artifact Registry </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/code" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Code" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Code </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/deploy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Deploy" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Deploy </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/cloud-migration/containers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate to Containers" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migrate to Containers </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/deep-learning-containers/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Deep Learning Containers" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Deep Learning Containers </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://knative.dev/docs/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Knative" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Knative </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/data-analytics-and-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Data Analytics" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Data Analytics </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/bigquery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: BigQuery" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > BigQuery </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/looker" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Looker" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Looker </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/dataflow" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Dataflow" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Dataflow </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/pubsub" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Pub/Sub" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Pub/Sub </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/dataproc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Dataproc" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Dataproc </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/data-fusion" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Data Fusion" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Data Fusion </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/composer" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Composer" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Composer </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/biglake" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: BigLake" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > BigLake </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/dataplex" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Dataplex" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Dataplex </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/dataform" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Dataform" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Dataform </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/analytics-hub" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Analytics Hub" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Analytics Hub </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products?pds=CAQ#data-analytics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all data analytics products" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all data analytics products </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/databases" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Databases" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Databases </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/alloydb" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: AlloyDB for PostgreSQL" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > AlloyDB for PostgreSQL </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/sql" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud SQL" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud SQL </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/firestore" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Firestore" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Firestore </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/spanner" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Spanner" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Spanner </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/bigtable" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Bigtable" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Bigtable </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/datastream" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Datastream" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Datastream </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/database-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Database Migration Service" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Database Migration Service </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/bare-metal" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Bare Metal Solution" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Bare Metal Solution </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/memorystore" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Memorystore" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Memorystore </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/tools" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Developer Tools" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Developer Tools </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/artifact-registry/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Artifact Registry" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Artifact Registry </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/code" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Code" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Code </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/build" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Build" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Build </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/deploy" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Deploy" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Deploy </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/deployment-manager/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Deployment Manager" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Deployment Manager </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/sdk" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud SDK" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud SDK </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/scheduler/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Scheduler" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Scheduler </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/source-repositories/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Source Repositories" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Source Repositories </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/infrastructure-manager/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Infrastructure Manager" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Infrastructure Manager </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workstations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Workstations" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Workstations </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/gemini/code-assist" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Gemini Code Assist" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Gemini Code Assist </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products?pds=CAI#developer-tools" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all developer tools" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all developer tools </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/distributed-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Distributed Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Distributed Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/distributed-cloud-connected" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Distributed Cloud Connected" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Distributed Cloud Connected </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/distributed-cloud-air-gapped" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Distributed Cloud Air-gapped" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Distributed Cloud Air-gapped </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Hybrid and Multicloud </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/kubernetes-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Kubernetes Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Kubernetes Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/apigee" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Apigee API Management" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Apigee API Management </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/cloud-migration/containers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate to Containers" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migrate to Containers </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/build" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Build" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Build </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/observability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Observability" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Observability </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/service-mesh" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Service Mesh" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Service Mesh </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/distributed-cloud" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Distributed Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Distributed Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Industry Specific </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/anti-money-laundering-ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Anti Money Laundering AI" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Anti Money Laundering AI </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/healthcare-api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Healthcare API" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Healthcare API </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/device-connect" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Device Connect for Fitbit" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Device Connect for Fitbit </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/telecom-network-automation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Telecom Network Automation" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Telecom Network Automation </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/telecom-data-fabric" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Telecom Data Fabric" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Telecom Data Fabric </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/telecom-subscriber-insights" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Telecom Subscriber Insights" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Telecom Subscriber Insights </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/spectrum-access-system" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Spectrum Access System (SAS)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Spectrum Access System (SAS) </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/integration-services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Integration Services" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Integration Services </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/application-integration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Application Integration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Application Integration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workflows" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Workflows" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Workflows </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/apigee" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Apigee API Management" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Apigee API Management </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tasks/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Tasks" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Tasks </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/scheduler/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Scheduler" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Scheduler </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/dataproc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Dataproc" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Dataproc </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/data-fusion" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Data Fusion" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Data Fusion </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/composer" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Composer" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Composer </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/pubsub" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Pub/Sub" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Pub/Sub </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/eventarc/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Eventarc" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Eventarc </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/management" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Management Tools" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Management Tools </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/shell/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Shell" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Shell </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/cloud-console" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud console" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud console </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/endpoints/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Endpoints" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Endpoints </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/iam" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud IAM" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud IAM </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/apis" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud APIs" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud APIs </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/service-catalog/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Service Catalog" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Service Catalog </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/cost-management" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cost Management" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cost Management </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/observability" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Observability" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Observability </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/carbon-footprint" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Carbon Footprint" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Carbon Footprint </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/config-connector/docs/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Config Connector" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Config Connector </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/active-assist" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Active Assist" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Active Assist </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products?pds=CAY#managment-tools" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all management tools" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all management tools </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/geospatial" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Maps and Geospatial" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Maps and Geospatial </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/earth-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Earth Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Earth Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://mapsplatform.google.com" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Maps Platform" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Maps Platform </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Media Services </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/cdn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud CDN" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud CDN </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/livestream/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Live Stream API" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Live Stream API </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://www.opencue.io/docs/getting-started/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: OpenCue" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > OpenCue </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/transcoder/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Transcoder API" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Transcoder API </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/video-stitcher/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Video Stitcher API" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Video Stitcher API </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/cloud-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/migration-center/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migration Center" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migration Center </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/application-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Application Migration" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Application Migration </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/cloud-migration/virtual-machines" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate to Virtual Machines" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migrate to Virtual Machines </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs/terraform/blueprints/terraform-blueprints" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Foundation Toolkit" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Foundation Toolkit </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/database-migration" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Database Migration Service" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Database Migration Service </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/cloud-migration/containers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Migrate to Containers" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Migrate to Containers </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/bigquery-transfer/docs/introduction" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: BigQuery Data Transfer Service" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > BigQuery Data Transfer Service </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/solutions/cloud-migration-program" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Rapid Migration and Modernization Program" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Rapid Migration and Modernization Program </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/transfer-appliance/docs/4.0/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Transfer Appliance" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Transfer Appliance </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/storage-transfer-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Storage Transfer Service" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Storage Transfer Service </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/vmware-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: VMware Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > VMware Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Mixed Reality </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/immersive-stream/xr" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Immersive Stream for XR" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Immersive Stream for XR </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/networking" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Networking" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Networking </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/armor" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Armor" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Armor </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/cdn" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud CDN and Media CDN" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud CDN and Media CDN </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/dns" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud DNS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud DNS </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/load-balancing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Load Balancing" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Load Balancing </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/nat" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud NAT" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud NAT </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/hybrid-connectivity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Connectivity" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Connectivity </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/network-connectivity-center" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Network Connectivity Center" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Network Connectivity Center </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/network-intelligence-center" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Network Intelligence Center" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Network Intelligence Center </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/network-tiers" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Network Service Tiers" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Network Service Tiers </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/vpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Virtual Private Cloud" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Virtual Private Cloud </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/private-service-connect" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Private Service Connect" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Private Service Connect </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products?pds=CAUSAQ0#networking" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all networking products" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all networking products </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/operations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Operations" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Operations </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/logging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Logging" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Logging </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/monitoring" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Monitoring" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Monitoring </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/error-reporting/docs/grouping-errors" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Error Reporting" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Error Reporting </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/managed-prometheus" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Managed Service for Prometheus" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Managed Service for Prometheus </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/trace/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Trace" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Trace </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/profiler/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Profiler" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Profiler </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs/quotas" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Quotas" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Quotas </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Productivity and Collaboration </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://about.appsheet.com/home/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: AppSheet" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > AppSheet </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/appsheet/automation" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: AppSheet Automation" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > AppSheet Automation </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/solutions/enterprise/?enterprise-benefits_activeEl=connect/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Workspace" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Workspace </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/essentials/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Workspace Essentials" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Workspace Essentials </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://workspace.google.com/solutions/ai/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Gemini for Workspace" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Gemini for Workspace </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Identity" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Identity </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://chromeenterprise.google" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Chrome Enterprise" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Chrome Enterprise </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/security-and-identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Security and Identity" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security and Identity </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/iam" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud IAM" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud IAM </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/sensitive-data-protection" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Sensitive Data Protection" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Sensitive Data Protection </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/managed-defense" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Mandiant Managed Defense" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Mandiant Managed Defense </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/threat-intelligence" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Threat Intelligence" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Threat Intelligence </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/security-command-center" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Security Command Center" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security Command Center </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/security-key-management" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Key Management" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Key Management </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/consulting/mandiant-incident-response-services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Mandiant Incident Response" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Mandiant Incident Response </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://chromeenterprise.google/products/chrome-enterprise-premium/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Chrome Enterprise Premium" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Chrome Enterprise Premium </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/assured-workloads" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Assured Workloads" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Assured Workloads </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/products/security-operations" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Security Operations" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Security Operations </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/consulting/mandiant-services" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Mandiant Consulting" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Mandiant Consulting </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products?pds=CAg#security-and-identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: See all security and identity products" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > See all security and identity products </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/serverless" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Serverless" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Serverless </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/run" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Run" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Run </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/functions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Functions" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Functions </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/appengine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: App Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > App Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/workflows" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Workflows" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Workflows </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/api-gateway/docs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: API Gateway" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > API Gateway </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Storage" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Storage </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Storage" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Storage </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/block-storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Block Storage" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Block Storage </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/filestore" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Filestore" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Filestore </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/persistent-disk" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Persistent Disk" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Persistent Disk </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://firebase.google.com/products/storage" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cloud Storage for Firebase" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cloud Storage for Firebase </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/local-ssd" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Local SSD" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Local SSD </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/storage-transfer-service" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Storage Transfer Service" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Storage Transfer Service </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/parallelstore" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Parallelstore" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Parallelstore </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/netapp-volumes" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Cloud NetApp Volumes" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Cloud NetApp Volumes </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/backup-disaster-recovery" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Backup and DR Service" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Backup and DR Service </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/web3" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Web3" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Web3 </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/blockchain-node-engine" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Blockchain Node Engine" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Blockchain Node Engine </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/products/blockchain-rpc" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Blockchain RPC" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Blockchain RPC </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Pricing" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Save money with our transparent approach to pricing </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/contact/form?direct=true" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Request a quote" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span 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bucket="Documentation" context="" version="t-devsite-webserver-20250211-r00-rc00.466928320959134316" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="header" class="nocontent" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v38a693baeb774512feb42f10aac8f755d8791ed41119b5be7a531f8e16f8279f/cloud/images/favicons/onecloud/super_cloud.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Multicloud database management: Architectures, use cases, and best practices </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <div class="last-reviewed">Last reviewed 2024-03-06 UTC</div> <meta name="description" content="Multicloud database management: Architectures, use cases, and best practices." /> <p>This document describes deployment architectures, use cases, and best practices for multicloud database management. It's intended for architects and engineers who design and implement stateful applications within and across multiple clouds.</p> <p>Multicloud application architectures that access databases are use-case dependent. No single stateful application architecture can support all multicloud use cases. For example, the best database solution for a <a href="#cloud_bursting" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">cloud bursting</a> use case is different from the best database solution for an application that runs concurrently in multiple cloud environments.</p> <p>For public clouds like Google Cloud, there are various database technologies that fit specific multicloud use cases. To deploy an application in multiple <a href="/docs/geography-and-regions#regions_and_zones" track-type="solution" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">regions</a> within a single public cloud, one option is to use a public cloud, provider-managed, multi-regional database such as <a href="/spanner" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Spanner</a>. To deploy an application to be portable across public clouds, a platform-independent database might be a better choice, such as <a href="https://www.postgresql.org/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">PostgreSQL</a>.</p> <p>This document introduces a definition for a <a href="#stateful_database_applications" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">stateful database application</a> followed by a multicloud database use-case analysis. It then presents a detailed <a href="#database_system_categorization" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">database system categorization</a> for multicloud deployment architectures based on the use cases.</p> <p>The document also introduces a <a href="#multicloud_database_selection" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">decision tree for selecting databases</a> which outlines key decision points for selecting an appropriate database technology. It concludes with a discussion about <a href="#deployment_best_practices" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">best practices</a> for multicloud database management.</p> <h2 id="key_terms_and_definitions" data-text="Key terms and definitions" tabindex="-1">Key terms and definitions</h2> <p>This section provides a terminology and defines the generic stateful database application that's used in this document.</p> <h3 id="terminology" data-text="Terminology" tabindex="-1">Terminology</h3> <ul> <li><strong>Public cloud</strong>. A public cloud provides multi-tenant infrastructure (generally global) and services that customers can use to run their production workloads. Google Cloud is a public cloud that provides many managed services, including <a href="/kubernetes-engine" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">GKE</a>, <a href="/anthos" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">GKE Enterprise</a>, and <a href="/products/databases" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">managed databases</a>.</li> <li><strong>Hybrid cloud</strong>. A hybrid cloud is a combination of a public cloud with one or more on-premises data centers. Hybrid cloud customers can combine their on-premises services with additional services provided by a public cloud.</li> <li><strong>Multicloud</strong>. A multicloud is a combination of several public clouds and on-premises data centers. A hybrid cloud is a subset of multicloud.</li> <li><strong>Deployment location</strong>. An infrastructure location is a physical location that can deploy and run workloads, including applications and databases. For example, in Google Cloud, deployment locations are zones and regions. At an abstract level, a public cloud region or zone and an on-premises data center are deployment locations.</li> </ul> <h3 id="stateful_database_applications" data-text="Stateful database applications" tabindex="-1">Stateful database applications</h3> <p>To define multicloud use cases, a generic stateful database application architecture is used in this document, as shown in the following diagram.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/stateful-application.png" alt="Generic stateful application architecture." title="Generic stateful application architecture." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>The diagram shows the following components:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Database</strong>. A database can be a single instance, multi-instance, or distributed database, deployed on computing nodes or available as a cloud-managed service.</li> <li><strong>Application services</strong>. These services are combined as an application that implements the business logic. Application services can be any of the following: <ul> <li>Microservices on Kubernetes.</li> <li>Coarse-grained processes running on one or more virtual machines.</li> <li>A monolithic application on one large virtual machine.</li> <li>Serverless code in <a href="/functions" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Cloud Run functions</a> or <a href="/run" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Cloud Run</a>. Some application services can access the database. It's possible to deploy each application service several times. Each deployment of an application service is an instance of that application service.</li> </ul></li> <li><strong>Application clients</strong>. Application clients access the functionality that is provided by application services. Application clients can be one of the following: <ul> <li>Deployed clients, where code runs on a machine, laptop, or mobile phone.</li> <li>Non-deployed clients, where the client code runs in a browser. Application client instances always access one or more application service instances.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <p>In the context of a multicloud database discussion, the architectural abstraction of a stateful application consists of a database, application services, and application clients. In an implementation of an application, factors such as the use of operating systems or the programming languages that are used can vary. However, these details don't affect multicloud database management.</p> <h3 id="queues_and_files_as_data_storage_services" data-text="Queues and files as data storage services" tabindex="-1">Queues and files as data storage services</h3> <p>There are many persistence resources available for application services to persist data. These resources include databases, queues, and files. Each persistence resource provides storage data models and access patterns that are specialized for these models. Although queues, messaging systems, and file systems are used by applications, in the following section, the focus is specifically on databases.</p> <p>Although the same considerations for factors such as deployment location, sharing of state, synchronous and asynchronous replication for multicloud databases are applicable to queues and files, this discussion is out of the scope of this document.</p> <h3 id="networking" data-text="Networking" tabindex="-1">Networking</h3> <p>In the architecture of a generic stateful application (shown again in the following diagram), each arrow between the components represents a communication relationship over a network connection—for example, an application client accessing an application service.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/stateful-application.png" alt="Generic stateful application architecture." title="Generic stateful application architecture." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>A connection can be within a zone or across zones, regions, or clouds. Connections can exist between any combination of deployment locations. In multicloud environments, networking across clouds is an important consideration and there are several options that you can use. For more information about networking across clouds, see <a href="/blog/products/networking/google-cloud-network-connectivity-options-explained" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Connecting to Google Cloud: your networking options explained</a>.</p> <p>In the use cases in this document, the following is assumed:</p> <ul> <li>A secure network connection exists between the clouds.</li> <li>The databases and their components can communicate with each other.</li> </ul> <p>From a non-functional perspective, the size of the network, meaning the throughput and latency, might affect the database latency and throughput. From a functional perspective, networking generally has no effect.</p> <h2 id="multicloud_database_use_cases" data-text="Multicloud database use cases" tabindex="-1">Multicloud database use cases</h2> <p>This section presents a selection of the most common use cases for multicloud database management. For these use cases, it's assumed that there's secure network connectivity between the clouds and database nodes.</p> <h3 id="application_migration" data-text="Application migration" tabindex="-1">Application migration</h3> <p>In the context of multicloud database management, application migration refers to the migration of an application, all application services, and the database from the current cloud to a target cloud. There are many reasons that an enterprise might decide to <a href="/solutions/hybrid-and-multicloud-patterns-and-practices#migration_and_modernization" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">migrate an application</a>, for example, to avoid a competitive situation with the cloud provider, to modernize technology, or to lower total cost of ownership (TCO).</p> <p>In application migration, the intent is to stop production in the current cloud and continue production in the target cloud after the migration completes. The application services must run in the target cloud. To implement the services, a <a href="https://wiktionary.org/wiki/lift_and_shift" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">lift and shift</a> approach can be used. In this approach, the same code is deployed in the target cloud. To reimplement the service, the modern cloud technologies that are available in the target cloud can be used.</p> <p>From a database perspective, consider the following alternative choices for application migration:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Database lift and shift</strong>: If the same database engine is available in the target cloud, it's possible to lift and shift the database to create an identical deployment in the target cloud.</li> <li><strong>Database lift and move to managed equivalent</strong>: A self-managed database can be migrated to a managed version of the same database engine if the target cloud provides it.</li> <li><strong>Database modernization</strong>: Different clouds offer different database technologies. Databases managed by a cloud provider could have advantages such as stricter service-level agreements (SLAs), scalability, and automatic disaster recovery.</li> </ul> <p>Regardless of the deployment strategy, database migration is a process that takes time because of the need to move data from the current cloud to the target cloud. While it's possible to follow an export and import approach that incurs downtime, <a href="/solutions/database-migration-concepts-principles-part-1#migration_downtime_zero_versus_minimal_versus_significant" track- type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">minimal or zero downtime migration</a> is preferable. This approach minimizes application downtime and has the least effect on an enterprise and its customers. However, it typically requires a more intricate migration setup as it involves an initial load, ongoing replication, monitoring, granular validation, and synchronization when switching. To support fallback scenarios, you need to implement a reverse replication mechanism, to synchronize the changes back to the source database after switching to the target database.</p> <h3 id="disaster_recovery" data-text="Disaster recovery" tabindex="-1">Disaster recovery</h3> <p>Disaster recovery refers to the ability of an application to continue providing services to application clients during a region outage. To ensure disaster recovery, an application must be deployed to at least two regions and be ready to execute at any time. In production, the application runs in the primary region. However, if an outage occurs, a secondary region becomes the primary region. The following are different models of readiness in disaster recovery:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Hot standby</strong>. The application is deployed to two or more regions (primary and secondary), and the application is fully functioning in every region. If the primary region fails, the application in the secondary region can take on application client traffic immediately.</li> <li><strong>Cold standby</strong>. The application is running in the primary region, however, it's ready for startup in a secondary region (but not running). If the primary region fails, the application is started up in the secondary region. An application outage occurs until the application is able to run and provide all application services to application clients.</li> <li><strong>No standby</strong>. In this model, the application code is ready for deployment but not yet deployed in the secondary region (and so not using any deployed resources). If a primary region has an outage, the first deployment of the application must be in the secondary region. This deployment puts the application in the same state as a cold standby, which means that it must be started up. In this approach, the application outage is longer compared to the cold standby case because application deployment has to take place first, which includes creating cloud resources.</li> </ul> <p>From a database perspective, the readiness models discussed in the preceding list correspond to the following database approaches:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Transactionally synchronized database</strong>. This database corresponds to the hot standby model. Every transaction in the primary region is committed in synchronous coordination in a secondary region. When the secondary region becomes the primary region during an outage, the database is consistent and immediately available. In this model, the recovery point objective (RPO) and the recovery time objective (RTO) are both zero.</li> <li><strong>Asynchronously replicated database</strong>. This database also corresponds to the hot standby model. Because the database replication from the primary region to the secondary region is asynchronous, there's a possibility that if the primary region fails some transactions might be replicated to the secondary region. While the database in the secondary region is ready for production load, it might not have the most current data. For this reason, the application could incur a loss of transactions that aren't recoverable. Because of this risk, this approach has an RTO of zero, but the RPO is larger than zero.</li> <li><strong>Idling database</strong>. This database corresponds to the cold standby model. The database is created without any data. When the primary region fails, data has to be loaded to the idling database. To enable this action, a regular backup has to be taken in the primary region and transferred to the secondary region. The backup can be full or incremental, depending on what the database engine supports. In either case, the database is set back to the last backup, and, from the perspective of the application, many transactions can be lost compared to the primary region. While this approach might be cost effective, the value is mitigated by the risk that all transactions since the last available backup might be lost due to the database state not being up to date.</li> <li><strong>No database</strong>. This model is equivalent to the <em>no standby</em> case. The secondary region has no database installed, and if the primary region fails, a database must be created. After the database is created, as in the idling database case, it must be loaded with data before it's available for the application.</li> </ul> <p>The disaster recovery approaches that are discussed in this document also apply if a primary and a secondary cloud are used instead of a primary and secondary region. The main difference is that because of the network heterogeneity between clouds, the latency between clouds might increase compared to the network distance between regions within a cloud. Other discrepancies may come from different features and default settings of managed databases of different cloud providers.</p> <p>The likelihood of a whole cloud failing is less than that of a region failing. However, it might still be useful for enterprises to have an application deployed in two clouds. This approach could help to protect an enterprise against failure, or help it to meet business or industry regulations.</p> <p>Another disaster recovery approach is to have a primary and a secondary region and a primary and a secondary cloud. This approach allows enterprises to choose the best disaster recovery process to address a failure situation. To enable an application to run, either a secondary region or a secondary cloud can be used, depending on the severity of the outage.</p> <h3 id="cloud_bursting" data-text="Cloud bursting" tabindex="-1">Cloud bursting</h3> <p><a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing#Hybrid_cloud" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">Cloud bursting</a> refers to a configuration that enables the scale up of application client traffic across different deployment locations. An application <i>bursts</i> when demand for capacity increases and a standby location provides additional capacity. A primary location supports the regular traffic whereas a standby location can provide additional capacity in case application client traffic is increasing beyond what the primary location can support. Both the primary and standby location have application service instances deployed.</p> <p>Cloud bursting is implemented across clouds where one cloud is the primary cloud and a second cloud is the standby cloud. It's used in a hybrid cloud context to augment a limited number of compute resources in on-premises data centers with elastic cloud compute resources in a public cloud.</p> <p>For database support, the following options are available:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Primary location deployment</strong>. In this deployment, the database is only deployed in the primary location and not in the standby location. When an application bursts, the application in the standby location accesses the database in the primary location.</li> <li><strong>Primary and standby location deployment</strong>. This deployment supports both the primary and standby location. A database instance is deployed in both locations and is accessed by the application service instances of that location, especially in the case of bursting. As in <a href="#disaster_recovery" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Disaster recovery within and across clouds</a>, the two databases can be transactionally synchronized, or asynchronously synchronized. In asynchronous synchronization, there can be a delay. If updates are taking place in the standby location then these updates have to be propagated back to the primary location. If concurrent updates are possible in both locations, conflict resolution must be implemented.</li> </ul> <p>Cloud bursting is a common use case in hybrid clouds to increase capacity in on-premises data centers. It's also an approach that can be used across public clouds when data has to stay within a country. In situations where a public cloud has only one region in a country, it's possible to burst into a region of a different public cloud in the same country. This approach ensures that the data stays within the country while still addressing resource constraints in the region of the public cloud regions.</p> <h3 id="best-in-class_cloud_service_use" data-text="Best-in-class cloud service use" tabindex="-1">Best-in-class cloud service use</h3> <p>Some applications require specialized cloud services and products that are not available in a single cloud. For example, an application might perform business logic processing of business data in one cloud, and analytics of the business data in another cloud. In this use case, the business logic processing parts and the analytics parts of the application are deployed to different clouds.</p> <p>From a data-management perspective, the use cases are as follows:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Partitioned data</strong>. Each part of the application has its own database (separate partition) and none of the databases are connected directly to each other. The application that manages the data writes any data that needs to be available in both databases (partitions) twice.</li> <li><strong>Asynchronously replicated database</strong>. If data from one cloud needs to be available in the other cloud, an asynchronous replication relationship might be appropriate. For example, if an analytics application requires the same dataset or a subset of the dataset for a business application, the latter can be replicated between the clouds.</li> <li><strong>Transactionally synchronized database</strong>. These kinds of databases let you make data available to both parts of the application. Each update from each of the applications is transactionally consistent and available to both databases (partitions) immediately. Transactionally synchronized databases effectively act as a single distributed database.</li> </ul> <h3 id="distributed_services" data-text="Distributed services" tabindex="-1">Distributed services</h3> <p>A distributed service is deployed and executed in two or more deployment locations. It's possible to deploy all service instances into all the deployment locations. Alternatively, it's possible to deploy some services in all locations, and some only in one of the locations, based on factors such as hardware availability or expected limited load.</p> <p>Data in a transactionally synchronized database is consistent in all locations. Therefore, such a database is the best option to deploy service instances to all deployment locations.</p> <p>When you use an asynchronous replicated database, there's a risk of the same data item being modified in two deployment locations concurrently. To determine which of the two conflicting changes is the final consistent state, a conflict-resolution strategy must be implemented. Although it's possible to implement a conflict resolution strategy, it's not always straightforward, and there are instances where manual intervention is needed to restore data to a consistent state.</p> <h3 id="distributed_service_relocation_and_failover" data-text="Distributed service relocation and failover" tabindex="-1">Distributed service relocation and failover</h3> <p>If a whole cloud region fails, <a href="#disaster_recovery" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">disaster recovery</a> is initiated. If a single service in a stateful database application fails (not the region or the whole application), the service has to be recovered and restarted.</p> <p>An initial approach for disaster recovery is to restart the failed service in its original deployment location (a restart-in-place approach). Technologies like Kubernetes automatically restart a service based on its configuration.</p> <p>However, if this restart-in-place approach is not successful, an alternative is to restart the service in a secondary location. The service fails over from its primary location to a secondary location. If the application is deployed as a set of <a href="#distributed_services" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">distributed services</a>, then the failover of a single service can take place dynamically.</p> <p>From a database perspective, restarting the service in its original deployment location doesn't require a specific database deployment. When a service is moved to an alternative deployment location and the service accesses the database, then the same readiness models apply that were discussed in <a href="#distributed_services" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Distributed services</a> earlier in this document.</p> <p>If a service is being relocated on a temporary basis, and if higher latencies are acceptable for an enterprise during the relocation, the service could access the database across deployment locations. Although the service is relocated, it continues to access the database in the same way as it would from its original deployment location.</p> <h3 id="context-dependent_deployment" data-text="Context-dependent deployment" tabindex="-1">Context-dependent deployment</h3> <p>In general, a single application deployment to serve all application clients includes all its application services and databases. However, there are exceptional use cases. A single application deployment can serve only a subset of clients (based on specific criteria), which means that more than one application deployment is needed. Each deployment serves a different subset of clients, and all deployments together serve all clients.</p> <p>Example use cases for a context-dependent deployment are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>When deploying a multi-tenant application for which one application is deployed for all small tenants, another application is deployed for every 10 medium tenants, and one application is deployed for each premium tenant.</li> <li>When there is a need to separate customers, for example, business customers and government customers.</li> <li>When there is a need to separate development, staging, and production environments.</li> </ul> <p>From a database perspective, it's possible to deploy one database for each application deployment in a one-to-one deployment strategy. As shown in the following diagram, this strategy is a straightforward approach where partitioned data is created because each deployment has its own dataset.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/three-deployments.png" alt="Each application deployment includes a separate database." title="Each application deployment includes a separate database." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>The preceding diagram shows the following:</p> <ul> <li>A setup with three deployments of an application.</li> <li>Each dataset has its own respective database.</li> <li>No data is shared between the deployments.</li> </ul> <p>In many situations, a one-to-one deployment is the most appropriate strategy, however, there are alternatives.</p> <p>In the case of multi-tenancy, tenants might be relocated. A small tenant might turn into a medium tenant and have to be relocated to a different application. In this case, separate database deployments require database migration. If a distributed database is deployed and is used by all deployments at the same time, all tenant data resides in a single database system. For this reason, moving a tenant between databases doesn't require database migration. The following diagram shows an example of this kind of database:</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/app-dev-use-case.png" alt="All application deployments share a distributed database." title="All application deployments share a distributed database." width="65%" height="55%" /></p> <p>The preceding diagram shows the following:</p> <ul> <li>Three deployments of an application.</li> <li>The deployments all share a single distributed database.</li> <li>Applications can access all of the data in each deployment.</li> <li>There is no data partitioning implemented.</li> </ul> <p>If an enterprise often relocates tenants as part of lifecycle operations, database replication might be a useful alternative. In this approach, tenant data is replicated between databases before a tenant migration. In this case, independent databases are used for different application deployments and only set up for replication immediately before and during tenant migration. The following diagram shows a temporary replication between two application deployments during a tenant migration.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/temp-dbr.png" alt="Temporary database replication between two application deployments." title="Temporary database replication between two application deployments." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>The preceding diagram shows three deployments of an application with three separate databases holding the data that's associated with each respective deployment. To migrate data from one database to another, temporary database migration can be set up.</p> <h3 id="application_portability" data-text="Application portability" tabindex="-1">Application portability</h3> <p>Application portability ensures that an application can be deployed into different deployment locations, especially different clouds. This portability ensures that an application can be migrated at any time, without the need for migration-specific reengineering or additional application development to prepare for an application migration.</p> <p>To ensure application portability, you can use one of the following approaches, which are described later in this section:</p> <ul> <li>System-based portability</li> <li>API compatibility</li> <li>Functionality-based portability</li> </ul> <p>System-based portability uses the same technical components that are used in all possible deployments. To ensure system-based portability, each technology must be available in all potential deployment locations. For example, if a database like PostgreSQL is a candidate, its availability in all potential deployment locations has to be verified for the expected timeframe. The same is true for all other technologies—for example, programming languages and infrastructure technologies. As shown in the following diagram, this approach establishes a set of common functionalities across all the deployment locations based on technology.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/app-port.png" alt="Portability by deploying the same technology." title="Portability by deploying the same technology." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>The preceding diagram shows a portable application deployment where the application expects the exact same database system in every location that it's deployed to. Because the same database system is used in each location, the application is portable. The application can expect that the exact same database system will be used across the deployment. Therefore, the exact same database system interface and behavior can be assumed.</p> <p>In the context of databases, in the API-compatibility system, the client uses a specific database access library (for example, a MySQL client library) to ensure that it can connect to any compliant implementation that might be available in a cloud environment. The following diagram illustrates the API compatibility.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/same-api.png" alt="Portability by deploying a different technology supporting the same API." title="Portability by deploying a different technology supporting the same API." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>The preceding diagram shows application portability based on the database system API instead of the database system. Although the database systems can be different in each of the locations, the API is the same and exposes the same functionality. The application is portable because it can assume the same API in each location, even if the underlying database system is a different database technology.</p> <p>In functionality-based portability, different technologies in different clouds might be used that provide the same functionality. For example, it might be possible to restrict the use of databases to the relational model. Because any relational database system can support the application, different database systems on different versions can be used in different clouds without affecting the portability of the application. A drawback to functionality-based portability is that it can only use the parts of the database model that all relational database systems support. Instead of a database system that is compatible with all clouds, a database model must be used. The following diagram shows an example architecture for functionality-based portability.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/different-api-same-database.png" alt="Portability by deploying a different technology, different API but same database model." title="Portability by deploying a different technology, different API but same database model." width="65%" height="55%" /></p> <p>As the preceding diagram shows, the database system API and the database system might be different in each location. To ensure portability, the application must only use the parts of each database system and each API that are available in each location. Because only a subset of each database system is commonly available in each location, the application has to restrict its use to that subset.</p> <p>To ensure portability for all the options in this section, the complete architecture must be continuously deployed to all target locations. All unit and system test cases must be executed against these deployments. These are essential requirements for changes in infrastructures and technologies to be detected early and addressed.</p> <h3 id="vendor_dependency_prevention" data-text="Vendor dependency prevention" tabindex="-1">Vendor dependency prevention</h3> <p><a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Vendor_lock-in" target="external" track-type="concepts" trackname="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">Vendor dependency (lock-in)</a> prevention helps to mitigate the risk of dependency on a specific technology and vendor. It's superficially similar to application portability. Vendor dependency prevention applies to all technologies that are used, not only cloud services. For example, if MySQL is used as a database system and installed on virtual machines in clouds, then there is no dependency from a cloud perspective, but there is a dependence on MySQL. An application that's portable across clouds might still depend on technologies that are provided by different vendors than the cloud.</p> <p>To prevent vendor dependency, all technologies need to be replaceable. For this reason, thorough and structured abstraction of all application functionality is needed so that each application service can be reimplemented to a different technology base without affecting how the application is implemented. From a database perspective, this abstraction can be done by separating the use of a database model from a particular database-management system.</p> <h3 id="existing_production_database-management_system" data-text="Existing production database-management system" tabindex="-1">Existing production database-management system</h3> <p>While many multicloud applications are developed with database systems as part of their design, many enterprises develop multicloud applications as a part of their application modernization effort. These applications are developed with the assumption that the newly designed and implemented application accesses the existing databases.</p> <p>There are many reasons for not incorporating existing databases into a modernization effort. There might be specific features in use that aren't available from other database systems. An enterprise might have databases with complex and well-established management processes in place, making a move to a different system impractical or uneconomical. Or, an enterprise might choose to modernize an application in the first phase, and modernize the database in the second phase.</p> <p>When an enterprise uses an existing database system, the designer of the multicloud application has to decide if it will be the only database used, or if a different database system needs to be added for different deployment locations. For example, if a database is used on-premises and the application also needs to run in Google Cloud, they need to consider if the application services deployed on Google Cloud access the database on-premises. Or, alternatively, if a second database should be deployed both in Google Cloud and for the locally running application services.</p> <p>If a second database is deployed in Google Cloud, the use case might be the same as the use cases discussed in <a href="#cloud_bursting" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Cloud bursting</a> or <a href="#distributed_services" track-type="concepts" track- name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Distributed services</a>. In either case, the same database discussion applies as in these sections. However, it's limited to the cross-location functionality that the existing database on-premises can support—for example, synchronization and replication.</p> <h2 id="deployment_patterns" data-text="Deployment patterns" tabindex="-1">Deployment patterns</h2> <p>The use cases discussed in this document raise a common question from a database perspective: if databases are in more than one deployment location, what's their relationship?</p> <p>The main kinds of relationships (deployment patterns), which are discussed in the next section, are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Partitioned without cross-database dependency</li> <li>Asynchronous unidirectional replication</li> <li>Bidirectional replication with conflict resolution</li> <li>Fully active-active synchronized distributed system</li> </ul> <p>It's possible to map each use case in this document to one or more of the four deployment patterns.</p> <p>In the following discussion, it's assumed that clients access application services directly. Depending on the use case, a load balancer might be needed to dynamically direct client access to applications, as shown in the following diagram.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/clb.png" alt="Client access through load-balancing." title="Client access through load-balancing." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>In the preceding diagram, a cloud load balancer directs client calls to one of the available locations. The load balancer ensures that load balancing policies are enforced and that clients are directed to the correct location of the application and its database.</p> <h3 id="partitioned_without_cross-database_dependency" data-text="Partitioned without cross-database dependency" tabindex="-1">Partitioned without cross-database dependency</h3> <p>This deployment pattern is the simplest of all the patterns discussed in this document: each location or cloud has a database and the databases contain partitioned datasets that are not dependent on each other. A data item is stored in only one database. Each data partition is located in its own database. An example for this pattern is a multi-tenant application where a dataset is in one or the other database. The following diagram shows two fully partitioned applications.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/asynchronous-unidirectional-replication.png" alt="Fully partitioned database deployment." title="Fully partitioned database deployment." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>As the preceding diagram shows, an application is deployed in two locations, each responsible for a partition of the entire dataset. Each data item resides in only one of the locations, ensuring a partitioned dataset without any replication between the two.</p> <p>An alternative deployment pattern for partitioned databases is where the dataset is completely partitioned but still stored within the same database. There is only one database containing all datasets. Although the datasets are stored within the same database, the datasets are completely separate (partitioned) and a change to one doesn't cause changes in another. The following diagram shows two applications that share a single database.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/primary-primary.png" alt="Single database instance supporting multiple locations." title="Single database instance supporting multiple locations." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>The preceding diagram shows the following:</p> <ul> <li>Two application deployments that both share a common database, which is in the first location.</li> <li>Each application can access all of the data in the deployment because the dataset isn't partitioned.</li> </ul> <h3 id="asynchronous_unidirectional_replication" data-text="Asynchronous unidirectional replication" tabindex="-1">Asynchronous unidirectional replication</h3> <p>This deployment pattern has a primary database that replicates to one or more secondary databases. The secondary database can be used for read access, but the application has to factor in potential replication lag. An example for this pattern is when the best database for a particular use case is used as the primary database and the secondary database is used for analytics. The following diagram shows two applications accessing unidirectionally replicated databases.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/asynchro-uni.png" alt="Asynchronous unidirectional replication." title="Asynchronous unidirectional replication." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>As the preceding diagram shows, one of the two databases is a replica of the other. The arrow in the diagram indicates the replication direction: the data from the database system in location 1 is replicated to the database system in location 2.</p> <h3 id="bidirectional_replication_with_conflict_resolution" data-text="Bidirectional replication with conflict resolution" tabindex="-1">Bidirectional replication with conflict resolution</h3> <p>This deployment pattern has two primary databases that are asynchronously replicated to each other. If the same data is written at the same time to each database (for example, the same primary key) it can cause a write-write conflict. Because of this risk, there must be a conflict resolution in place to determine which state is the last state during replication. This pattern can be used in situations where the chance of a write-write conflict is rare. The following diagram shows two applications accessing bidirectionally replicated databases.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/partitioned-single-database.png" alt="Bidirectional replication with conflict resolution." title="Bidirectional replication with conflict resolution." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>As the preceding diagram shows, each database is replicated to the other database. The two replications are independent to each other, as indicated in the diagram by two separate blue arrows. Since the two replications are independent, a conflict can arise if by chance the same data item is changed by each of the applications and concurrently replicated. In this case, conflict resolution has to take place.</p> <h3 id="fully_active-active_synchronized_distributed_system" data-text="Fully active-active synchronized distributed system" tabindex="-1">Fully active-active synchronized distributed system</h3> <p>This deployment pattern has a single database that has an active-active (also primary-primary) setup. In an active-active setup, an update of data in any primary database is transactionally consistent and synchronously replicated. An example use case for this pattern is distributed computing. The following diagram shows two applications accessing a fully synchronized primary- primary database.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/primary-primary-db.png" alt="Fully primary-primary synchronized distributed database." title="Fully primary-primary synchronized distributed database." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>As the preceding diagram shows, this arrangement ensures that each application always accesses the last consistent state, without a delay or risk of conflict. A change in one database is immediately available in the other database. Any change is reflected in both databases when a changing transaction commit happens.</p> <h2 id="database_system_categorization" data-text="Database system categorization" tabindex="-1">Database system categorization</h2> <p>Not all database-management systems can be used equally well for the <a href="#deployment_patterns" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">deployment patterns</a> that are discussed in this document. Depending on the use case, it might only be possible to implement one deployment pattern or a combination of deployment patterns with only a subset of database systems.</p> <p>In the following section, the different database systems are categorized and mapped to the four deployment patterns.</p> <p>It's possible to categorize databases by different dimensions such as data model, internal architecture, deployment model, and transaction types. In the following section, for the purpose of multicloud database management, two dimensions are used:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Deployment architecture</strong>. The architecture of how a database management system is deployed onto resources of clouds (for example, compute engines or cloud-managed).</li> <li><strong>Distribution model</strong>. The model of distribution a database system supports (for example, single instance or fully distributed).</li> </ul> <p>These two dimensions are the most relevant in the context of multicloud use cases and can support the four <a href="#deployment_patterns" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">deployment patterns</a> derived from the <a href="#multicloud_database_use_cases" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">multicloud database use cases</a>. A popular categorization is based on the data models that are supported by a database-management system. Some systems support only one model (for example, a graph model). Other systems support several data models at the same time (for example, relational and document models). However, in the context of multicloud database management, this categorization isn't relevant because multicloud applications can use any data model for their multicloud deployment.</p> <h3 id="database_system_by_deployment_architecture" data-text="Database system by deployment architecture" tabindex="-1">Database system by deployment architecture</h3> <p>Multicloud database management includes the following four main classes of deployment architecture for database-management systems:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Built-in cloud databases</strong>. Built-in cloud databases are designed, built, and optimized to work with cloud technology. For example, some database systems use Kubernetes as their implementation platform and use Kubernetes functionality. <a href="https://www.cockroachlabs.com/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">CockroachDB</a> and <a href="https://www.yugabyte.com/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">YugaByte</a> are examples of this kind of database. They can be deployed into any cloud that supports Kubernetes.</li> <li><strong>Cloud provider-managed databases</strong>. Cloud provider-managed databases are built on cloud provider-specific technology and are a database service managed by a specific cloud provider. <a href="/spanner" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Spanner</a>, <a href="/bigtable" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Bigtable</a> and <a href="/alloydb/docs/overview" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">AlloyDB for PostgreSQL</a> are examples of this kind of database. Cloud provider-managed databases are only available in the cloud of the cloud provider and can't be installed and run elsewhere. However, AlloyDB for PostgreSQL is fully <a href="https://www.postgresql.org/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">PostgreSQL</a> compatible.</li> <li><strong>Pre-cloud databases</strong>. Pre-cloud databases existed before the development of cloud technology (sometimes for a long time) and usually run on bare metal hardware and virtual machines (VMs). <a href="https://www.postgresql.org/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">PostgreSQL</a>, <a href="https://www.mysql.com/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">MySQL</a> and <a href="https://www.microsoft.com/sql-server/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">SQL Server</a> are examples of this kind of database. These systems can run on any cloud that supports the required VMs or bare metal hardware.</li> <li><strong>Cloud partner-managed databases</strong>. Some public clouds have database partners that install and manage customers' databases in the public cloud. For this reason, customers don't have to manage these databases themselves. <a href="/mongodb" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">MongoDB Atlas</a> and <a href="https://mariadb.com/products/skysql/google-cloud-platform/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">MariaDB</a> are examples of this kind of database.</li> </ul> <p>There are some variants of these main categories. For example, a database vendor implementing a database that's built for the cloud might also provide an installation on technology built for the cloud and a managed offering to customers in their vendor-provided cloud. This approach is equivalent to the vendor providing a public cloud that supports only their database as the single service.</p> <p>Pre-cloud databases might also be in containers and they might be deployable into a Kubernetes cluster. However, these databases don't use Kubernetes-specific functionality like scaling, multi-service, or multi-pod deployment.</p> <p>Database vendors might partner with more than one public cloud provider at the same time, offering their database as a cloud partner-managed database in more than one public cloud.</p> <h3 id="database_system_by_distribution_model" data-text="Database system by distribution model" tabindex="-1">Database system by distribution model</h3> <p>Different database-management systems are implemented according to the distribution models in the architecture of a database. The models for databases are as follows:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Single instance</strong>. A single database instance runs on one VM or one container and acts as a centralized system. This system manages all database access. Because the single instance can't be connected to any other instance, the database system doesn't support replication.</li> <li><strong>Multi-instance active-passive</strong>. In this common architecture, several database instances are linked together. The most common linking is an active-passive relationship where one instance is the active database instance that supports both instances and writes and reads. One or more passive systems are read-only, and receive all database changes from the primary either synchronously or asynchronously. Passive systems can provide read access. Active-passive is also referred to as primary-secondary or source-replica.</li> <li><strong>Multi-instance active-active</strong>. In this relatively uncommon architecture, each instance is an active instance. In this case, each instance can execute read and write transactions and provide data consistency. For this reason, to prevent data inconsistencies, all instances are always synchronized.</li> <li><strong>Multi-instance active-active with conflict resolution</strong>. This is also a relatively uncommon system. Each instance is available for write and read access, however, the databases are synchronized in an asynchronous mode. Concurrent updates of the same data item are permitted, which leads to an inconsistent state. A conflict resolution policy has to decide which of the states is the last consistent state.</li> <li><strong>Multi-instance sharding</strong>. Sharding is based on the management of (disjointed) partitions of data. A separate database instance manages each partition. This distribution is scalable because more shards can be added dynamically over time. However, cross-shard queries might not be possible because this functionality is not supported by all systems.</li> </ul> <p>All the distribution models that are discussed in this section can support sharding and can be a sharded system. However, not all systems are designed to provide a sharding option. Sharding is a scalability concept and isn't generally relevant for architectural database selection in multicloud environments.</p> <p>Distribution models are different for cloud and partner-managed databases. Because these databases are tied to the architecture of a cloud provider, these systems implement architectures based on the following deployment locations:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Zonal system</strong>. A zonal-managed database system is tied to a zone. When the zone is available, the database system is available too. However, if the zone becomes unavailable, it's not possible to access the database.</li> <li><strong>Regional system</strong>. A regional-managed database is tied to a region and is accessible when at least one zone is accessible. Any combination of zones can become inaccessible.</li> <li><strong>Cross-regional system</strong>. A cross-regional system is tied to two or more regions and functions properly when at least one region is available.</li> </ul> <p>A cross-regional system can also support a cross-cloud system if the database can be installed in all the clouds that an enterprise intends to use.</p> <p>There are other possible alternatives to the managed-database architectures discussed in this section. A regional system might share a disk between two zones. If either of the two zones becomes inaccessible, the database system can continue in the remaining zone. However, if an outage affects both zones, the database system is unavailable even though other zones might still be fully online.</p> <h2 id="mapping_database_systems_to_deployment_patterns" data-text="Mapping database systems to deployment patterns" tabindex="-1">Mapping database systems to deployment patterns</h2> <p>The following table describes how the deployment patterns and deployment architectures that are discussed in this document relate to each other. The fields state the conditions that are needed for a combination to be possible, based on deployment pattern and deployment architecture.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Deployment architecture</th> <th colspan="5" style="text-align:center">Deployment pattern</th> </tr> <tr> <th>Partitioned without cross-database dependency</th> <th>Asynchronous unidirectional replication</th> <th>Bidirectional replication with conflict resolution</th> <th>Fully active-active synchronized distributed system</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><b>Built-in cloud databases</b></td> <td>Possible for all clouds that provide built-in cloud technology used by database systems. <br> <br> If the same database isn't available, different database systems can be used.</td> <td>Cloud database that provides replication.</td> <td>Cloud database that provides bidirectional replication.</td> <td>Cloud database that provides primary-primary synchronization.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b> Cloud provider-managed databases </b></td> <td>Database systems can be different in different clouds.</td> <td>Replica doesn't have to be the cloud provider-managed database (see <a href="#database_system_by_deployment_architecture" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">The role of database migration technology in deployment patterns</a>).</td> <td>Only within a cloud, not across clouds, if the database provides bidirectional replication.</td> <td>Only within a cloud, not across clouds, if the database provides primary-primary synchronization.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b> Pre-cloud databases </b></td> <td>Database systems can be the same or different in different clouds.</td> <td>Replication is possible across several clouds.</td> <td>Database system provides bidirectional replication and conflict resolution.</td> <td>Database system provides primary-primary synchronization.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><b> Cloud partner-managed databases </b></td> <td>Database systems can be different in different clouds. <br> <br> If the partner provides a managed database system in all required clouds, the same database can be used.</td> <td>Replica doesn't have to be the cloud provider-managed database. <br> <br> If the partner provides a managed database system in all required clouds, the same database can be used. </td> <td>Database system provides bidirectional replication and conflict resolution. </td> <td>Database system provides primary-primary synchronization. </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>If a database system doesn't provide built-in replication, it might be possible to use database replication technology instead. For more information, see <a href="#database_migration_and_replication" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">The role of database migration technology in deployment patterns</a>.</p> <p>The following table relates the deployment patterns to distribution models. The fields state the conditions for which the combination is possible given a deployment pattern and a distribution model.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Distribution model</th> <th colspan="5" style="text-align:center">Deployment pattern</th> </tr> <tr> <th>Partitioned without cross-database dependency</th> <th>Asynchronous unidirectional replication</th> <th>Bidirectional replication with conflict resolution</th> <th>Fully active-active synchronized distributed system</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> Single instance </td> <td>Possible with the same or different database system in the involved clouds. </td> <td>Not applicable</td> <td>Not applicable</td> <td>Not applicable</td> </tr> <tr> <td> Multi-instance active-passive</td> <td>Possible with the same or different database system in the involved clouds.</td> <td>Replication is possible across clouds.</td> <td>Replication is possible across clouds.</td> <td>Not applicable</td> </tr> <tr> <td> Multi-instance active-active</td> <td>Possible with the same or different database system in the involved clouds.</td> <td>Not applicable</td> <td>Not applicable</td> <td>Synchronization is possible across clouds.</td> </tr> <tr> <td> Multi-instance active-active with conflict resolution</td> <td>Possible with the same or different database system in the involved clouds.</td> <td>Not applicable</td> <td>Not applicable</td> <td>Applicable if bidirectional replication is possible across clouds.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Some implementations of distribution models that add additional abstraction based on the underlying database technology don't have such a distribution model built into it—for example, <a href="https://www.2ndquadrant.com/en/resources-old/postgres-bdr-2ndquadrant/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">Postgres-BDR</a>, an active-active system. Such systems are included in the preceding table in the respective category. From a multicloud perspective, it's irrelevant how a distribution model is implemented.</p> <h2 id="database_migration_and_replication" data-text="Database migration and replication" tabindex="-1">Database migration and replication</h2> <p>Depending on the use case, an enterprise might need to migrate a database from one deployment location to another. Alternatively, for downstream processing, it might need to replicate the data for a database to another location. In the following section, database migration and database replication are discussed in more detail.</p> <h3 id="database_migration" data-text="Database migration" tabindex="-1">Database migration</h3> <p>Database migration is used when a database is being moved from one deployment location to another. For example, a database running in an on-premises data center is migrated to run on the cloud instead. After migration is complete, the database is shut down in the on-premises data center.</p> <p>The main approaches to database migration are as follows:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Lift and shift</strong>. The VM and the disks running the database instances are copied to the target environment as they are. After they are copied, they are started up and the migration is complete.</li> <li><strong>Export and import and backup and restore</strong>. These approaches both use database system functionality to externalize a database and recreate it at the target location. Export/import usually is based on an ASCII format, whereas backup and restore is based on a binary format.</li> <li><strong>Zero downtime migration</strong>. In this approach, a database is migrated while the application systems access the source system. After an initial load, changes are transmitted from the source to the target database using <a href="https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_data_capture" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" position="body" class="external">change data capture (CDC)</a> technologies. The application incurs downtime from the time it's stopped on the source database system, until it's restarted on the target database system after migration is complete.</li> </ul> <p>Database migration becomes relevant in multicloud use cases when a database is moved from one cloud to another, or from one kind of database engine to another.</p> <p>Database migration is a multi-faceted process. For more information, see <a href="/solutions/database-migration-concepts-principles-part-1" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Database migration: Concepts and principles (Part 1) </a>and <a href="/solutions/database-migration-concepts-principles-part-2" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Database migration: Concepts and principles (Part 2)</a>.</p> <p>Built-in database technologies can be used to do database migration—for example export and import, backup and restore, or built-in replication protocols. When the source and target system are different database systems, migration technologies are the best option for database migration. <a href="/database-migration/docs/overview" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Database Migration Service</a>, <a href="http://www.striim.com" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">Striim</a> and <a href="https://debezium.io/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">Debezium</a> are examples of database migration technologies.</p> <h3 id="database_replication" data-text="Database replication" tabindex="-1">Database replication</h3> <p>Database replication is similar to database migration. However, during database replication, the source database system stays in place while every change is transmitted to the target database.</p> <p>Database replication is a continuous process that sends changes from the source database to the target database. When this process is asynchronous, the changes arrive at the target database after a short delay. If the process is synchronous, the changes to the source system are made to the target system at the same time and to the same transactions.</p> <p>Aside from replicating a source to a target database, a common practice is to replicate data from a source database to a target analytics system.</p> <p>As with database migration, if replication protocols are available, built-in database technology can be used for database replication. If there are no built-in replication protocols, it's possible to use replication technology such as <a href="http://www.striim.com" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">Striim</a> or <a href="https://debezium.io/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">Debezium</a>.</p> <h3 id="the_role_of_database_migration_technology_in_deployment_patterns" data-text="The role of database migration technology in deployment patterns" tabindex="-1">The role of database migration technology in deployment patterns</h3> <p>Built-in database technology to enable replication isn't generally available when different database systems are used in deployment patterns—for example, asynchronous (heterogeneous) replication. Instead, database migration technology can be deployed to enable this kind of replication. Some of these migration systems also implement <a href="https://www.striim.com/docs/en/bidirectional-replication.html" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">bidirectional replication</a>.</p> <p>If database migration or replication technology is available for the database systems used in combinations marked as "Not applicable" in Table 1 or Table 2 in <a href="#mapping_database_systems_to_deployment_patterns" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Mapping database systems to deployment patterns</a> then it might be possible to use it for database replication. The following diagram shows an approach for database replication using a migration technology.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/migration-and-replication-technology.png" alt="Replication using database migration and replication technology." title="Replication using database migration and replication technology." width="65%" height="55%"></p> <p>In the preceding diagram, the database in location 1 is replicated to the database in location 2. Instead of a direct database system replication, a migration server is deployed to implement the replication. This approach is used for database systems that don't have database replication functionality built into their implementation and that need to rely on a system separate from the database system to implement replication.</p> <h2 id="multicloud_database_selection" data-text="Multicloud database selection" tabindex="-1">Multicloud database selection</h2> <p>The multicloud database use cases combined with the database system categorization helps you to decide which databases are best for a given use case. For example, to implement the use case in <a href="#application_portability" track-type="concepts" track- name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Application portability</a>, there are two options. The first option is to ensure that the same database engine is available in all clouds. This approach ensures system portability. The second option is to ensure that the same data model and query interface is available to all clouds. Although the database systems might be different, the portability is provided on a functional interface.</p> <p>The decision trees in the following sections show the decision-making criteria for the multicloud database use cases in this document. The decision trees suggest the best database to consider for each use case.</p> <h3 id="best_practices_for_existing_database_system" data-text="Best practices for existing database system" tabindex="-1">Best practices for existing database system</h3> <p>If a database system is in production, a decision must be made about whether to keep or replace it. The following diagram shows the questions to ask in your decision process:</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/existing-database-decision.svg" alt="Decision tree for existing database system."></p> <p>The questions and answers in the decision tree are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Is a database system in production? <ul> <li>If no database system is in production, select a database system (skip to the <a href="#decision_on_multicloud_database_management" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Decision on multicloud database management</a>).</li> <li>If a database system is in production, evaluate whether it should be retained.</li> </ul></li> <li>If a database system is in production, evaluate whether it should be retained. <ul> <li>If the database system should be retained, then the decision is made and the decision process is complete.</li> <li>If the database system should be changed or if the decision is still being made, select a database system (skip to the <a href="#decision_on_multicloud_database_management" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Decision on multicloud database management</a>).</li> </ul></li> </ul> <h3 id="decision_on_multicloud_database_management" data-text="Decision on multicloud database management" tabindex="-1">Decision on multicloud database management</h3> <p>The following decision tree is for a use case with a multi-location database requirement (including a multicloud database deployment). It uses the deployment pattern as the basis for the decision-making criteria.</p> <p><img src="/static/architecture/images/decision-tree-final.svg" alt="Decision tree for multicloud database management."></p> <p>The questions and answers in the decision tree are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Is the data partitioned in different databases without any cross-database dependency? <ul> <li>If yes, the same or different database systems can be selected for each location.</li> <li>If no, continue to the next question.</li> </ul></li> <li>Is asynchronous unidirectional replication required? <ul> <li>If yes, then evaluate if a database replication system is acceptable. <ul> <li>If yes, select the same or different database systems that are compatible with the replication system.</li> <li>If no, select a database system that can implement an active-passive distribution model.</li> <li>If no, continue to the next question.</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li>Select a database system with synchronized instances. <ul> <li>Is conflict resolution acceptable? <ul> <li>If yes, select a bidirectional replicating database system or an active-active database system.</li> <li>If no, select an active-active system.</li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul> <p>If more than one multicloud use case is implemented, an enterprise must decide if it wants to use one database system to support all use cases, or multiple database systems.</p> <p>If an enterprise wants to use one database system to support all use cases, the system with the best synchronization is the best choice. For example, if unidirectional replication is required as well as synchronized instances, the best choice is the synchronized instances.</p> <p>The hierarchy of synchronization quality is (from none to best): partitioned, unidirectional replication, bidirectional replication, and fully synchronized replication.</p> <h2 id="deployment_best_practices" data-text="Deployment best practices" tabindex="-1">Deployment best practices</h2> <p>This section highlights best practices to follow when choosing a database for multicloud application migration or development.</p> <h3 id="existing_database-management_system" data-text="Existing database-management system" tabindex="-1">Existing database-management system</h3> <p>It can be a good practice to retain a database and not make changes to the database system unless required by a specific use case. For an enterprise with an established database-management system in place and that has effective development, operational, and maintenance processes, it might be best to avoid making changes.</p> <p>A cloud bursting use case that doesn't require a database system in the cloud might not need a change of database. Another use case is asynchronous replication to a different deployment location within the same cloud or to another cloud. For these use cases, a good approach is to implement a benchmark and verify that the cross-location communication and that the cross-location communication and latency satisfies application requirements when accessing the database.</p> <h3 id="database_system_as_a_kubernetes_service" data-text="Database system as a Kubernetes service" tabindex="-1">Database system as a Kubernetes service</h3> <p>If an enterprise is considering running a database system within Kubernetes as a service based on <a href="/kubernetes-engine/docs/concepts/statefulset" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">StatefulSets</a>, then the following factors must be considered:</p> <ul> <li>If the database provides the database model required by the application.</li> <li>Non-functional factors which determine how operationalization is implemented in a database system as a Kubernetes service—for example, how scaling is done (scaling up and down), how backup and restore are managed, and how monitoring is made available by the system. To help them understand the requirements of a Kubernetes-based database system, enterprises should use their experiences with databases as a point of comparison.</li> <li>High availability and disaster recovery. To provide high availability, the system needs to continue operating when a zone within a region fails. The database must be able to failover fast from one zone to another. In the best case scenario, the database has an instance running in each zone that's fully synchronized for an RTO and RPO of zero.</li> <li>Disaster recovery to address the failure of a region (or cloud). In an ideal scenario, the database continues to operate in a second region with an RPO and RTO of zero. In a less ideal scenario, the database in the secondary region might not be fully caught up on all transactions from the primary database.</li> </ul> <p>To determine how best to run a database within Kubernetes, a full database evaluation is a good approach, especially when the system needs to be comparable to a system in production outside of Kubernetes.</p> <h3 id="kubernetes-independent_database_system" data-text="Kubernetes-independent database system" tabindex="-1">Kubernetes-independent database system</h3> <p>It's not always necessary for an application that's implemented as services in Kubernetes to have the database running in Kubernetes at the same time. There are many reasons that a database system needs to be run outside of Kubernetes, —for example, established processes, product knowledge within an enterprise, or unavailability. Both cloud providers and cloud partner-managed databases fit into this category.</p> <p>It's equally possible and feasible to run a database on a Compute Engine. When selecting a database system, it's a good practice to do a full database evaluation to ensure that all of the requirements for an application are met.</p> <p>From an application design perspective, connection pooling is an important design consideration. An application service accessing a database might use a connection pool internally. Using a connection pool is good for efficiency and reduced latency. Requests are taken from the pool instead without the need for them to be initiated, and there's no wait for connections to be created. If the application is scaled up by adding application service instances, each instance creates a connection pool. If best practices are followed, each pool pre-creates a minimum set of connections. Each time another application service instance is created for application scaling, connections are added to the database. From a design perspective, because databases can't support unlimited connections, the addition of connections has to be managed to avoid overload.</p> <h3 id="best_database_system_versus_database_system_portability" data-text="Best database system versus database system portability" tabindex="-1">Best database system versus database system portability</h3> <p>When selecting database systems, it's common for enterprises to select the best database system to address the requirements of an application. In a multicloud environment, the best database in each cloud can be selected, and they can be connected to each other based on the use case. If these systems are different, any replication—one-directional or bidirectional—requires significant effort. This approach might be justified if the benefit of using the best system outweighs the effort required to implement it.</p> <p>However, a good practice is to consider and evaluate concurrently an approach for a database system that's available in all required clouds. While such a database might not be as ideal as the best option, it might be a lot easier to implement, operate, and maintain such a system.</p> <p>A concurrent database system evaluation demonstrates the advantages and disadvantages of both database systems, providing a solid basis for selection.</p> <h3 id="built-in_versus_external_database_system_replication" data-text="Built-in versus external database system replication" tabindex="-1">Built-in versus external database system replication</h3> <p>For use cases that require a database system in all deployment locations (zones, regions or clouds), replication is an important feature. Replication can be asynchronous, bidirectional, or fully synchronized active-active replication. Database systems don't all support all of these forms of replication.</p> <p>For the systems that don't support replication as part of their system implementation replication, systems like <a href="http://www.striim.com" target="external" track-type="concepts" track- name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">Striim</a> can be used to complement the architecture (as discussed in <a href="#database_migration" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Database migration</a>).</p> <p>A best practice is to evaluate alternative database-management systems to determine the advantages and disadvantages of a system that has built-in replication or a system that requires replication technology.</p> <p>A third class of technology plays a role in this case as well. This class provides add-ons to existing database systems to provide replication. One example is <a href="https://mariadb.com/kb/en/what-is-mariadb-galera-cluster/" target="external" track-type="concepts" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body" class="external">MariaDB Galera Cluster</a>. If the evaluation process permits, evaluating these systems is a good practice.</p> <h2 id="whats_next" data-text="What's next" tabindex="-1">What's next</h2> <ul> <li>Learn about <a href="/architecture/hybrid-and-multicloud-patterns-and-practices" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">hybrid and multicloud patterns and practices</a>.</li> <li>Read about <a href="/architecture/patterns-for-connecting-other-csps-with-gcp" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">patterns for connecting other cloud service providers with Google Cloud</a>.</li> <li>Learn about <a href="/architecture/hybrid-and-multi-cloud-monitoring-and-logging-patterns" track-type="concepts" track-name="internalLink" track-metadata-position="body">monitoring and logging architectures for hybrid and multicloud deployments on Google Cloud</a>.</li> <li> For more reference architectures, diagrams, and best practices, explore the <a href="/architecture" track-type="tutorial" track-name="textLink" track-metadata-position="nextSteps">Cloud Architecture Center</a>. </li> </ul> <h2 id="contributors" data-text="Contributors" tabindex="-1">Contributors</h2><p>Author: <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/alex-carciu" track-type="solution" track-name="externalLink" track-metadata-position="body">Alex Cârciu</a> | Solutions Architect</p> <devsite-hats-survey class="nocontent" hats-id="mwETRvWii0eU5NUYprb0Y9z5GVbc" listnr-id="83405"></devsite-hats-survey> </div> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <devsite-feedback position="footer" project-name="Cloud Architecture Center" product-id="5313931" bucket="Documentation" context="" version="t-devsite-webserver-20250211-r00-rc00.466928320959134316" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="footer" class="nocontent" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v38a693baeb774512feb42f10aac8f755d8791ed41119b5be7a531f8e16f8279f/cloud/images/favicons/onecloud/super_cloud.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> <p>Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. 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