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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspetto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Grafite" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Grafite" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Altre opzioni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" 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id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Grafite" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>registrati</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Grafite" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>entra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div 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<div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Morfologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morfologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Morfologia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morfologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origini_naturali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origini_naturali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Origini naturali</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Origini_naturali-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Origini naturali</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Origini_naturali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sulla_Terra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sulla_Terra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Sulla Terra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sulla_Terra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nell'universo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nell'universo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Nell'universo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nell'universo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilizzi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilizzi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Utilizzi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilizzi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grafite</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 90 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafiet" title="Grafiet - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Grafiet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="غرافيت - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غرافيت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafitu" title="Grafitu - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Grafitu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qrafit" title="Qrafit - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qrafit" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="قرافیت - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قرافیت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%82" title="Графіт - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Графіт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%82" title="Графіт - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Графіт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9F" title="গ্রাফাইট - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রাফাইট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="گرافیت - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گرافیت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphit" title="Graphit - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Graphit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C9%94%C9%94r%C9%94" title="Jɔɔrɔ - dinca" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Jɔɔrɔ" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="dinca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Γραφίτης - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γραφίτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphite" title="Graphite - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Graphite" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafito" title="Grafito - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grafito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafito" title="Grafito - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grafito" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafiit" title="Grafiit - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Grafiit" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafito" title="Grafito - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Grafito" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="گرافیت - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گرافیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafiitti" title="Grafiitti - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Grafiitti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphite" title="Graphite - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Graphite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graif%C3%ADt" title="Graifít - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Graifít" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafito" title="Grafito - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Grafito" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AB%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%9F" title="ગ્રેફાઇટ - gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ગ્રેફાઇટ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%98" title="גרפיט - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרפיט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F" title="ग्रेफाइट - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्रेफाइट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%86%D5%AB%D5%BF" title="Գրաֆիտ - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրաֆիտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafito" title="Grafito - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Grafito" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf%C3%ADt" title="Grafít - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Grafít" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88" title="グラファイト - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グラファイト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/pistabno" title="pistabno - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="pistabno" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="გრაფიტი (მინერალი) - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გრაფიტი (მინერალი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C" title="ಗ್ರ್ಯಾಫೈಟ್‌ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗ್ರ್ಯಾಫೈಟ್‌" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9D%91%EC%97%B0" title="흑연 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="흑연" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumbago" title="Plumbago - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Plumbago" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphit" title="Graphit - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Graphit" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafiet" title="Grafiet - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Grafiet" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafiit" title="Grafiit - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Grafiit" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafitas" title="Grafitas - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Grafitas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Grafīts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manjarano" title="Manjarano - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Manjarano" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ഗ്രാഫൈറ്റ് - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്രാഫൈറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%9B%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ဂရက်ဖိုက် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂရက်ဖိုက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F" title="ग्राफाइट - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ग्राफाइट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafiet" title="Grafiet - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grafiet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafitt" title="Grafitt - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Grafitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafitt" title="Grafitt - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Grafitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irsaasoo" title="Irsaasoo - oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Irsaasoo" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%9F" title="ਗਰੇਫ਼ਾਈਟ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗਰੇਫ਼ਾਈਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafite" title="Grafite - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grafite" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphite" title="Graphite - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Graphite" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="මිනිරන් - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මිනිරන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphite" title="Graphite - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Graphite" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafiti" title="Grafiti - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grafiti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafati" title="Grafati - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Grafati" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="கடுங்கரி - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கடுங்கரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D" title="గ్రాఫైట్ - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్రాఫైట్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="แกรไฟต์ - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แกรไฟต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Графит - tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Графит" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%82" title="Графіт - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Графіт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Grafit" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Than_ch%C3%AC" title="Than chì - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Than chì" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8" title="石墨 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="石墨" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8" title="石墨 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="石墨" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chio%CC%8Dh-ba%CC%8Dk" title="Chio̍h-ba̍k - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chio̍h-ba̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8" title="石墨 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="石墨" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5309#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Grafite" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussione:Grafite" rel="discussion" title="Vedi le discussioni 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130658281">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote.nota-disambigua{clear:both;margin-top:0;padding:.05em .5em}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint nota-disambigua"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/18px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/27px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/36px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Disambiguazione" title="Aiuto:Disambiguazione">Disambiguazione</a> – Se stai cercando il calciatore brasiliano detto "Grafite" (Edinaldo Batista Libânio), vedi <b><a href="/wiki/Grafite_(calciatore)" title="Grafite (calciatore)">Grafite (calciatore)</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#a0ffa0">Grafite</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:GraphiteUSGOV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/GraphiteUSGOV.jpg/260px-GraphiteUSGOV.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/GraphiteUSGOV.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Classificazione_Strunz" title="Classificazione Strunz">Classificazione Strunz</a></th><td>1.CB.05.a </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Formula_bruta" title="Formula bruta">Formula chimica</a></th><td>C </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#a0ffa0">Proprietà cristallografiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sistema_cristallino" title="Sistema cristallino">Sistema cristallino</a></th><td>esagonale compatto </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Costante_di_reticolo" title="Costante di reticolo">Parametri di cella</a></th><td>a = 2,464, c = 6,736 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Classe_di_simmetria" title="Classe di simmetria">Gruppo puntuale</a></th><td>6/m 2/m 2/m </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Gruppo_spaziale" title="Gruppo spaziale">Gruppo spaziale</a></th><td>P 6<sub>3</sub>/mmc </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#a0ffa0">Proprietà fisiche</th></tr><tr><th>Densità</th><td>2,09–2,23 g/cm³ </td></tr><tr><th>Durezza (<a href="/wiki/Scala_di_Mohs" title="Scala di Mohs">Mohs</a>)</th><td>1-1,5 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Sfaldatura" title="Sfaldatura">Sfaldatura</a></th><td>perfetta secondo (0001) </td></tr><tr><th>Colore</th><td>grigio </td></tr><tr><th>Lucentezza</th><td>metallica </td></tr><tr><th>Opacità</th><td>opaca, translucida se in minute scaglie </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Striscio" title="Striscio">Striscio</a></th><td>grigio scuro </td></tr><tr><th>Diffusione</th><td>relativamente comune </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="sinottico_piede" style="background:#a0ffa0"><small>Si invita a seguire lo schema di <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Modello_di_voce/Minerali/Esempio" title="Wikipedia:Modello di voce/Minerali/Esempio">Modello di voce – Minerale</a></i></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La <b>grafite</b> è un <a href="/wiki/Minerale" title="Minerale">minerale</a> costituito da <a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio">carbonio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Si tratta di una forma <a href="/wiki/Allotropia_(chimica)" title="Allotropia (chimica)">allotropica</a> del <a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio">carbonio</a> costituita da numerosi fogli di <a href="/wiki/Grafene" title="Grafene">grafene</a> impilati su se stessi.<sup id="cite_ref-IUPAC2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUPAC2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La grafite è la più stabile forma del carbonio presente in natura in <a href="/wiki/Condizioni_standard" title="Condizioni standard">condizioni standard</a>. Attraverso la <a href="/wiki/Grafitazione" class="mw-redirect" title="Grafitazione">grafitazione</a> si può ottenere grafite artificialmente. </p><p>Siccome la grafite è un ottimo <a href="/wiki/Conduttore_elettrico" title="Conduttore elettrico">conduttore elettrico</a>, ha un'alta conducibilità termica, ha un'elevata temperatura di <a href="/wiki/Fusione_(fisica)" title="Fusione (fisica)">fusione</a>, è tenera e si sfalda facilmente, è largamente impiegata dall'uomo con un consumo di circa 300 mila tonnellate/anno.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-treccani.it_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-treccani.it-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La grafite è conosciuta fin dalla più remota antichità.<sup id="cite_ref-treccani.it_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-treccani.it-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nel <a href="/wiki/IV_millennio_a.C." title="IV millennio a.C.">IV millennio a.C.</a> veniva utilizzata come colorante nero in una vernice per decorare la ceramica.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel <a href="/wiki/XVIII_secolo" title="XVIII secolo">XVIII secolo</a> venne chiamata "plumbago", "molibdaena" o "piombo nero" con riferimento al <a href="/wiki/Piombo" title="Piombo">piombo</a> e al <a href="/wiki/Molibdeno" title="Molibdeno">molibdeno</a>, poiché si pensava li contenesse come impurità. In realtà né il piombo, né il molibdeno sono presenti nella sua composizione chimica. È detta anche "<a href="/wiki/Mica" title="Mica">mica</a> dei pittori" per il suo aspetto lamellare e per la caratteristica di lasciare tracce su carta. Il nome "grafite" deriva dal greco γράφω (grafo) che significa "io scrivo".<sup id="cite_ref-descrizione_22_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-descrizione_22-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caratteristiche_chimico-fisiche">Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Caratteristiche chimico-fisiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dal punto di vista strutturale, gli atomi di carbonio formano un reticolo esagonale a strati,<sup id="cite_ref-IUPAC2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUPAC2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> con <a href="/wiki/Legami_%CF%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Legami σ">legami σ</a> e <a href="/wiki/Legami_%CF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Legami π">legami π</a> all'interno di ogni strato, mentre diversi strati sono tenuti insieme tra di loro tramite <a href="/wiki/Forze_di_Van_der_Waals" class="mw-redirect" title="Forze di Van der Waals">forze di Van der Waals</a><sup id="cite_ref-descrizione_22_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-descrizione_22-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Questo minerale si forma alla temperatura di 1.200 °C (si hanno diamanti invece per temperature comprese fra i 900 °C ed i 1.200 °C e pressione di circa 50.000 bar), ha la più alta <a href="/wiki/Temperatura_di_fusione" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperatura di fusione">temperatura di fusione</a> (3.500 °C) e conduce bene l'<a href="/wiki/Elettricit%C3%A0" title="Elettricità">elettricità</a><sup id="cite_ref-descrizione_1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-descrizione_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Morfologia">Morfologia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Morfologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Morfologia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139255918">.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#fbfbfb;margin-bottom:.5em;padding:0 2px 0 3px;margin:5px 10%;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini>div:first-of-type{margin:2px 2px 2px 0}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini .mw-collapsible-content{padding:2px 0 0 7px}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-informazioni{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-contenuto{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-stile{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-statico{border-left:10px solid limegreen}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-struttura{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .avviso-mini-generico{border-left:10px solid #bba}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .avviso-mini{border:none;margin-bottom:1px;padding:inherit}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .avviso-mini .mbox-text-div{font-style:normal}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .avviso-mini>div{padding:8px 8px 8px 32px!important;position:relative}</style><div class="ambox avviso-mini noprint metadata avviso-mini-generico plainlinks"> <div class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div" style="display:flex; flex-direction:row; align-items:center; column-gap:5px;"><span class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Abbozzo mineralogia"><img alt="Abbozzo mineralogia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Crystal_Clear_app_no3D.svg/25px-Crystal_Clear_app_no3D.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Crystal_Clear_app_no3D.svg/38px-Crystal_Clear_app_no3D.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Crystal_Clear_app_no3D.svg/50px-Crystal_Clear_app_no3D.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="129" data-file-height="129" /></span></span></span><span style="width:100%"><b>Questa sezione  sull'argomento mineralogia è solo un <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Abbozzo" title="Aiuto:Abbozzo">abbozzo</a></b>. <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit">Contribuisci</a> a migliorarla secondo le <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Manuale_di_stile" title="Aiuto:Manuale di stile">convenzioni di Wikipedia</a>. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Mineralogia" title="Progetto:Mineralogia">progetto di riferimento</a>.</span></div> </div> </div> <p>La grafite si trova in cristalli lamellari<sup id="cite_ref-descrizione_1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-descrizione_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Masse fogliacee o laminette sparse di colore nero opaco, talora a contorni esagonali e con fitte striature. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origini_naturali">Origini naturali</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Origini naturali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Origini naturali"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sulla_Terra">Sulla Terra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Sulla Terra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Sulla Terra"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La grafite ha origine <a href="/wiki/Metamorfismo" title="Metamorfismo">metamorfica</a>, ossia si genera a seguito di un processo detto <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafitizzazione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafitizzazione (la pagina non esiste)">grafitizzazione</a> che trasforma i resti biologici carboniosi in minerali. Si tratta dello stesso processo che produce in condizioni differenti sia il <a href="/wiki/Carbone" title="Carbone">carbone</a>, che il <a href="/wiki/Diamante" title="Diamante">diamante</a>. La formazione della grafite avviene dopo che i sedimenti subiscono per un lunghissimo periodo di tempo, pressioni e temperature altissime (tra i 1500 e i 3000 °C). Grandi depositi di grafite si trovano in <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">Cina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Messico" title="Messico">Messico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brasile" title="Brasile">Brasile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corea_del_Sud" title="Corea del Sud">Corea del Sud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovacchia" title="Slovacchia">Slovacchia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Repubblica_Ceca" title="Repubblica Ceca">Repubblica Ceca</a> e <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">Stati Uniti d'America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> le miniere più importanti sono in <a href="/wiki/Val_Chisone" title="Val Chisone">Val Chisone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Piemonte" title="Piemonte">Piemonte</a>), in <a href="/wiki/Val_Bormida" title="Val Bormida">Val Bormida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a>) e in <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nell'universo"><span id="Nell.27universo"></span>Nell'universo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Nell'universo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Nell'universo"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Atomi come il carbonio si formano nelle <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernove</a>, infatti alcuni grani microscopici di grafite hanno composizioni isotopiche distintive, indicando che si sono formati prima del <a href="/wiki/Sistema_solare" title="Sistema solare">Sistema Solare</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Assieme alla grafite ci sono circa 12 tipi di minerali che sono più antichi del Sistema Solare e vengono rilevati nelle nubi molecolari. La grafite può essere il secondo o il terzo minerale più antico dell'<a href="/wiki/Universo" title="Universo">Universo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><sup id="cite_ref-britannica.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nei meteoriti, la grafite si presenta con <a href="/wiki/Troilite" title="Troilite">troilite</a> e minerali di silicato.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Piccoli cristalli di grafite nel ferro meteoritico sono chiamati <a href="/wiki/Clintonite" title="Clintonite">cliftonite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica.com_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utilizzi">Utilizzi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Utilizzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Utilizzi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La grafite viene utilizzata per produrre <a href="/wiki/Matite" class="mw-redirect" title="Matite">matite</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-descrizione_1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-descrizione_1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Materiale_refrattario" title="Materiale refrattario">materiale refrattario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lubrificanti" class="mw-redirect" title="Lubrificanti">lubrificanti</a>, coloranti, <a href="/wiki/Spazzole_(elettrotecnica)" title="Spazzole (elettrotecnica)">spazzole</a> per <a href="/wiki/Macchine_elettriche" class="mw-redirect" title="Macchine elettriche">macchine elettriche</a> rotanti ed elettrodi per l'<a href="/wiki/Elettroerosione" title="Elettroerosione">elettroerosione</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-descrizione_22_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-descrizione_22-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Veniva usata anche come moderatore di neutroni nei <a href="/wiki/Reattore_nucleare_a_fissione" title="Reattore nucleare a fissione">reattori nucleari</a> <a href="/wiki/RBMK" class="mw-redirect" title="RBMK">RBMK</a>, nei quali la si poteva trovare sotto forma di mattoni nei canali del nòcciolo e nella punta delle barre di controllo (composte per lo più da <a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro">boro</a>, adatto ad assorbire i neutroni emessi dalle barre di combustibile, che è generalmente <a href="/wiki/Uranio-235" title="Uranio-235">Uranio-235</a>). </p><p>Fogli bidimensionali di grafite chiamati <a href="/wiki/Grafene" title="Grafene">grafene</a> sono stati utilizzati per realizzare i più piccoli <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistor</a> prodotti al mondo. Alcuni ricercatori ritengono che in un prossimo futuro potrebbero sostituire il <a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">silicio</a>, come base per lo sviluppo di transistor.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/grafite"><span style="font-style:italic;">grafite nell'Enciclopedia Treccani</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">treccani.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 19 giugno 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IUPAC2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-IUPAC2_2-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-IUPAC2_2-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goldbook.iupac.org/G02684.html">IUPAC Gold Book, "graphite"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://westwaterresources.net/minerals-portfolio/graphite-market/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Graphite Market</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Westwater Resources</span>. <small>URL consultato il 19 giugno 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-treccani.it-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-treccani.it_4-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-treccani.it_4-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/grafite_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)"><span style="font-style:italic;">GRAFITE in "Enciclopedia Italiana"</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">treccani.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 19 giugno 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130225042733/http://home.lu.lv/~harijs/Macibu%20materiali%20%2Cteksti/Cambrige%20Ancient%20History/Cambridge%20Ancient%20History%203.1.%20Balkans%2C%20Middle%20East%20%26%20Aegean%20World%2010-8th%20c.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Wayback Machine</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), su <span style="font-style:italic;">web.archive.org</span>, 25 febbraio 2013. <small>URL consultato il 19 giugno 2023</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://home.lu.lv/~harijs/Macibu%20materiali%20%2Cteksti/Cambrige%20Ancient%20History/Cambridge%20Ancient%20History%203.1.%20Balkans%2C%20Middle%20East%20%26%20Aegean%20World%2010-8th%20c.pdf">url originale</abbr> il 25 febbraio 2013)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-descrizione_22-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-descrizione_22_6-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-descrizione_22_6-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-descrizione_22_6-2">c</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Autori vari, <span style="font-style:italic;">Scheda Grafite</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Il magico mondo di minerali & gemme</span>, <a href="/wiki/Novara" title="Novara">Novara</a>, <a href="/wiki/De_Agostini" title="De Agostini">De Agostini</a>, 1993-1996.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-descrizione_1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-descrizione_1_7-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-descrizione_1_7-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-descrizione_1_7-2">c</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Gramaccioli" title="Carlo Maria Gramaccioli">Carlo Maria Gramaccioli</a>, <span style="font-style:italic;">Grafite</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Come collezionare i minerali dalla A alla Z volume I</span>, Milano, <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Peruzzo_Editore" title="Alberto Peruzzo Editore">Alberto Peruzzo Editore</a>, 1988, p. 41.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mineralseducationcoalition.org/minerals-database/graphite/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Graphite</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Minerals Education Coalition</span>. <small>URL consultato il 20 giugno 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Stardust From Meteorites: An Introduction To Presolar Grains</span>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9789814481373" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/9789814481373">9789814481373</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> R. M. Hazen, R. T. Downs e L. Kah, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2013.75.4"><span style="font-style:italic;">Carbon Mineral Evolution</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry</span>, vol. 75, n. 1, 1º gennaio 2013, pp. 79–107, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2138%2Frmg.2013.75.4">10.2138/rmg.2013.75.4</a>. <small>URL consultato il 21 giugno 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">pubs.geoscienceworld.org</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/elements/article/6/1/19-23/137832">https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/elements/article/6/1/19-23/137832</a><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Titolo mancante per url <code>url</code> (<a href="/wiki/Modulo:Citazione/Aiuto#bare_url_missing_title" title="Modulo:Citazione/Aiuto">aiuto</a>)</span>. <small>URL consultato il 21 giugno 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica.com-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-britannica.com_12-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-britannica.com_12-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/graphite-carbon"><span style="font-style:italic;">Graphite | carbon | Britannica</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">britannica.com</span>, 4 maggio 2023. <small>URL consultato il 21 giugno 2023</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Handbook of mineralogy. 1: Elements, sulfides, sulfosalts</span>, Mineral Data Publ, 1990, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-9622097-0-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-9622097-0-3">978-0-9622097-0-3</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hwupgrade.it/news/cpu/miniaturizzazione-oltre-il-silicio-arriva-l-era-della-grafene_20355.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Miniaturizzazione oltre il silicio: arriva l'era della grafene?</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">hwupgrade.it</span>, hwupgrade. <small>URL consultato il 5 marzo 2007</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grafene" title="Grafene">Grafene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossido_di_grafite" title="Ossido di grafite">Ossido di grafite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafitaggio" title="Grafitaggio">Grafitaggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matita" title="Matita">Matita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbogenesi" title="Carbogenesi">Carbogenesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafite_nucleare" title="Grafite nucleare">Grafite nucleare</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/grafite" class="extiw" title="wikt:grafite">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Graphite"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Graphite?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/grafite" class="extiw" title="wikt:grafite">grafite</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Graphite?uselang=it">grafite</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafite&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/graphite-carbon"><span style="font-style:italic;">graphite</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5309#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_canadese" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/graphite/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Grafite</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_canadese" title="Enciclopedia canadese">Enciclopedia canadese</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5309#P5395" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webmineral.com/data/Graphite.shtml"><span style="font-style:italic;">Webmineral</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">webmineral.com</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alpcub.com/xminiere1.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Archivio storia miniere</span></a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554517">.mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:#ffeaea;color:#444444}.mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#EE0700}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}</style><span class="chiarimento" title="A volte può capitare che un link presente su Wikipedia non sia più raggiungibile. 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Se possibile ritrova il link e inserisci il collegamento corretto, comunque non rimuovere il collegamento e inserisci il template {{Collegamento interrotto}}">[<i><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Collegamenti_interrotti" title="Aiuto:Collegamenti interrotti">collegamento interrotto</a></i>]</sup>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">alpcub.com</span>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Allotropi_del_carbonio"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Allotropi_del_carbonio" title="Template:Allotropi del carbonio"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Allotropi_del_carbonio" title="Discussioni template:Allotropi del carbonio"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Allotropi_del_carbonio&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title">Allotropi del carbonio</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>forme sp<sup>3</sup></i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><b><a href="/wiki/Diamante" title="Diamante">Diamante</a></b><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lonsdaleite" title="Lonsdaleite">Lonsdaleite</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>forme sp<sup>2</sup></i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Grafite</a></b><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Grafene" title="Grafene">Grafene</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Fullereni" title="Fullereni">Fullereni</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Buckminsterfullerene" title="Buckminsterfullerene">Buckminsterfullerene</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Nanotubo_di_carbonio" title="Nanotubo di carbonio">Nanotubo di carbonio</a></i>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carbonio_vitreo" title="Carbonio vitreo">Carbonio vitreo</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>forme sp</i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Complesso_metallo-carbino" title="Complesso metallo-carbino">Carbino</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>forme miste sp<sup>3</sup>/sp<sup>2</sup></i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbonio_amorfo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonio amorfo (la pagina non esiste)">Carbonio amorfo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nanoschiuma_di_carbonio" title="Nanoschiuma di carbonio">Nanoschiuma di carbonio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Grafino" title="Grafino">Grafino</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>altre forme</i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbonio_atomico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonio atomico (la pagina non esiste)">Carbonio atomico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbonio_diatomico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonio diatomico (la pagina non esiste)">Carbonio diatomico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tricarbonio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tricarbonio (la pagina non esiste)">Tricarbonio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prismano_C8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prismano C8 (la pagina non esiste)">Prismano C8</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><i>voci correlate</i></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Chaoite" title="Chaoite">Chaoite</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carbone_attivo" title="Carbone attivo">Carbone attivo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nero_di_carbone" title="Nero di carbone">Nero di carbone</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carbone" title="Carbone">Carbone</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carbone_vegetale" title="Carbone vegetale">Carbone vegetale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Fibra_di_carbonio" title="Fibra di carbonio">Fibra di carbonio</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Diamante_aggregato_nanorod" title="Diamante aggregato nanorod">Diamante aggregato nanorod</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Grafano" title="Grafano">Grafano</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=45533">45533</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85056487">sh85056487</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4158067-9">4158067-9</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX531308">XX531308</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX531308">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12152787z">cb12152787z</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12152787z">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007538430005171">987007538430005171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00566328">00566328</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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