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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><meta name="description" content="Solution for Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design…"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.bartleby.com/questions-and-answers/information-risk-analyst-it-controls-audit-will-help-the-organization-assess-risk-controlsand-their-/18622dd1-b7d4-4ec0-8321-c946e1fb1739"/><title>Answered: Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls… | bartleby</title><script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": [ "QAPage", "WebPage" ], "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://www.bartleby.com/questions-and-answers/information-risk-analyst-it-controls-audit-will-help-the-organization-assess-risk-controlsand-their-/18622dd1-b7d4-4ec0-8321-c946e1fb1739" }, "name": "Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk.a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each.", "description": "Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk.a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each.", "inLanguage": "en", "headline": "Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk.a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each.", "datePublished": "2022-10-25", "dateModified": "2022-10-24", "isAccessibleForFree": "False", "hasPart": { "@type": "WebPageElement", "isAccessibleForFree": "False", "cssSelector": ".paywall" }, "mainEntity": { "@type": "Question", "name": "Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk.a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each.", "text": "Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk.a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each.", "answerCount": 1, "dateCreated": "2022-10-24", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Risk\nThe possibility of occurring a loss in a business is known as a risk. It is very important to…" }, "url": "https://www.bartleby.com/questions-and-answers/information-risk-analyst-it-controls-audit-will-help-the-organization-assess-risk-controlsand-their-/18622dd1-b7d4-4ec0-8321-c946e1fb1739" } }</script><script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "item": { "@id": "https://www.bartleby.com/", "name": "Bartleby Textbook Solutions" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "item": { "@id": "https://www.bartleby.com/subject/business", "name": "Business Q&A and Textbook Solutions" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "item": { "@id": "https://www.bartleby.com/subject/business/finance", "name": "Finance Q&A, Textbooks, and Solutions" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "item": { "@id": "https://www.bartleby.com/subject/business/finance/questions-and-answers", "name": "Finance Q&A Library" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 5, "item": { "@id": "https://www.bartleby.com/questions-and-answers/information-risk-analyst-it-controls-audit-will-help-the-organization-assess-risk-controlsand-their-/18622dd1-b7d4-4ec0-8321-c946e1fb1739", "name": "Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk. a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each." } } ] }</script><link rel="preload" as="image" href="/static/compass_v2/learnbar/search-icon.svg"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="/static/compass_v2/learnbar/search-icon-white.svg"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="/static/compass_v2/learnbar/ask.svg"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="10"/><meta charSet="UTF-8"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://nk6xemh85d.execute-api.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/prod"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.bartleby.com/"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/static/compass_v2/favicon-16x16.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/static/compass_v2/favicon-32x32.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="/static/compass_v2/android-chrome-192x192.png"/><link 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To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk. a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each.</div></div></div></header></section><main id="AppLayout-Scrollable-Main-Container-ID" class="flex-1 overflow-x-hidden overflow-y-auto relative"><div><div id="QNA-PAGE-CONTENT" class="flex-col items-center bg-page px-8px md:px-16px mdl:px-32px mdl:pb-32px"><div id="QNA-PAGE-TOP-CONTENT" class="flex flex-1 w-full pt-12px bg-page mdl:pt-24px"><div id="QNA-PAGE-BREADCRUMB" class="flex flex-col flex-1 w-full max-w-1188px m-auto"><div id="QNA-PAGE-BREADCRUMB" class="flex flex-col flex-1 w-full m-auto font-sans"><div id="BREADCRUMB-ID" class="flex flex-row flex-initial items-center w-full m-auto font-sans text-blue-600 text-14px"><div class="flex flex-row flex-initial items-center shrink-0"><a href="/subject/business" class="flex-1 cursor-pointer underline" tabindex="0">Business</a><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="flex-initial text-grey-200 w-24px" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M6.41 6L5 7.41 9.58 12 5 16.59 6.41 18l6-6z"></path><path d="M13 6l-1.41 1.41L16.17 12l-4.58 4.59L13 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div><div class="flex flex-row flex-initial items-center shrink-0"><a href="/subject/business/finance" class="flex-1 cursor-pointer underline" tabindex="0">Finance</a><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="flex-initial text-grey-200 w-24px" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M6.41 6L5 7.41 9.58 12 5 16.59 6.41 18l6-6z"></path><path d="M13 6l-1.41 1.41L16.17 12l-4.58 4.59L13 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div><span class="flex-initial text-grey-500 whitespace-nowrap text-ellipsis overflow-hidden">Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk. a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each.</span></div><h1 id="QNA-PAGE-H1" class="mt-16px text-24px leading-32px whitespace-nowrap overflow-hidden text-darkBlue-900 bg-page font-semibold text-ellipsis pb-16px">Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk. a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each.</h1></div></div></div><div id="qa_ad_top" class="sm:h-[90px] sm:min-h-[90px] sm:min-w-[728px] sm:max-w-[970px] m-auto h-[50px] min-h-[50px] min-w-[300px] max-w-[320px]"></div><div id="QNA-PAGE-MAIN-CONTENT" class="flexColReverse w-full max-w-1188px py-24px flex-grow-0 mx-auto bg-page lg:flex-row md:py-32px"><div id="QNA-PAGE-MIDDLE-LEFT-RAIL" class="flexCol flex-initial mt-24px overflow-visible lg:w-[318px] lg:mr-32px lg:mt-0px"><div id="TEXTBOOK-MODULE-ID" class="flex-initial flex-col items-center justify-center w-full p-24px rounded-lg border-[1px] border-grey100 bg-white lg:w-[318px] overflow-hidden"><div class="flexRow overflow-hidden w-full "><div class="flexCol flex-initial justify-start items-center p-2px"><a href="https://amzn.to/3SEdVOn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="flex-initial" tabindex="0"><img width="100%" height="68px" class="object-cover rounded-lg h-68px w-auto m-auto" src="https://compass-isbn-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/isbn_cover_images/9781260013924/9781260013924_smallCoverImage.jpg" alt="Essentials Of Investments" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><button class="secondaryGhost-button flex-initial h-34px mt-8px">BUY</button></a></div><div class="flex-col w-full flex-wrap text-ellipsis overflow-hidden p-2px ml-5px"><a href="/textbooks/essentials-of-investments-11th-edition/9781260013924/solutions" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="flex-initial w-full text-darkBlue-900 font-semibold text-16px leading-16px text-ellipsis overflow-hidden whitespace-nowrap" tabindex="0">Essentials Of Investments</a><div class="flex-initial w-full text-14px text-grey-500 text-ellipsis overflow-hidden pt-0x">11th Edition</div><div class="flex-initial w-full text-ellipsis overflow-hidden"><span class="text-14px leading-5 text-grey-900 font-semibold">ISBN:</span><span class="text-14px leading-5 text-grey-900 font-normal ml-4px">9781260013924</span></div><div class="flex-initial w-full text-ellipsis overflow-hidden"><span class="text-14px leading-5 text-grey-900 font-semibold">Author:</span><span class="text-14px leading-5 text-grey-900 font-semibold ml-4px">Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.</span></div><div class="flex-initial w-full text-ellipsis overflow-hidden"><span class="text-14px leading-5 text-grey-900 font-semibold">Publisher:</span><span class="text-14px leading-5 text-grey-900 font-normal ml-4px">Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.</span></div></div></div><div class="flexCol w-full mt-24px"><div class="flex-initial flexRow w-full"><div class="flex-1"><div class="relative w-full overflow-hidden"><select class="relative text-grey-900 text-14px leading-20px font-semibold w-full h-48px pr-100px pl-16px text-ellipsis appearance-none bg-white rounded border-[1px] border-grey300" aria-label="problem list"><option value="0" selected="">1 Investments: Background And Issues</option><option value="1">2 Asset Classes And Financial Instruments</option><option value="2">3 Securities Markets</option><option value="3">4 Mutual Funds And Other Investment Companies</option><option value="4">5 Risk, Return, And The Historical Record</option><option value="5">6 Efficient Diversification</option><option value="6">7 Capital Asset Pricing And Arbitrage Pricing Theory</option><option value="7">8 The Efficient Market Hypothesis</option><option value="8">9 Behavioral Finance And Technical Analysis</option><option value="9">10 Bond Prices And Yields</option><option value="10">11 Managing Bond Portfolios</option><option value="11">12 Macroeconomic And Industry Analysis</option><option value="12">13 Equity Valuation</option><option value="13">14 Financial Statement Analysis</option><option value="14">15 Options Markets</option><option value="15">16 Option Valuation</option><option value="16">17 Futures Markets And Risk Management</option><option value="17">18 Evaluating Investment Performance</option><option value="18">19 International Diversification</option><option value="19">20 Hedge Funds</option><option value="20">21 Taxes, Inflation, And Investment Strategy</option><option value="21">22 Investors And The Investment Process</option></select><div style="width:-56px" class="absolute left-16px top-12px pr-8px pointer-events-none bg-white text-ellipsis overflow-hidden whitespace-nowrap"><span class="text-grey-900 text-14px leading-20px font-semibold">Chapter1: </span><span class="text-grey-900 text-14px leading-20px">Investments: Background And Issues</span></div><div class="absolute text-blue-600 top-12px right-12px pointer-events-none "><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="width:24px;height:24px" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M16.59 8.59L12 13.17 7.41 8.59 6 10l6 6 6-6z"></path></svg></div></div></div><div class="flex-initial w-16px"></div><div class="flex-1"><div class="relative w-full overflow-hidden"><select class="relative text-grey-900 text-14px leading-20px font-semibold w-full h-48px pr-100px pl-16px text-ellipsis appearance-none bg-white rounded border-[1px] border-grey300" aria-label="problem list"><option value="0-0">1.1 Real Assets Versus Financial Assets</option><option value="0-1">1.2 Financial Assets</option><option value="0-2">1.3 Financial Markets And The Economy</option><option value="0-3">1.4 The Investment Process</option><option value="0-4">1.5 Markets Are Competitive</option><option value="0-5">1.6 The Players</option><option value="0-6">1.7 The Financial Crisis Of 2008</option><option value="0-7">1.8 Outline Of The Text</option><option value="0-8" selected="">Chapter Questions</option></select><div style="width:-56px" class="absolute left-16px top-12px pr-8px pointer-events-none bg-white text-ellipsis overflow-hidden whitespace-nowrap"><span class="text-grey-900 text-14px leading-20px font-semibold">Section: </span><span class="text-grey-900 text-14px leading-20px">Chapter Questions</span></div><div class="absolute text-blue-600 top-12px right-12px pointer-events-none "><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="width:24px;height:24px" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M16.59 8.59L12 13.17 7.41 8.59 6 10l6 6 6-6z"></path></svg></div></div></div></div><div class="flex-initial flexRow w-full mt-16px"><div class="relative w-full overflow-hidden"><select class="relative text-grey-900 text-14px leading-20px font-semibold w-full h-48px pr-100px pl-16px text-ellipsis appearance-none bg-white rounded border-[1px] border-grey300" aria-label="problem list"><option value="0" selected="">Problem 1PS </option><option value="1">Problem 2PS </option><option value="2">Problem 3PS </option><option value="3">Problem 4PS </option><option value="4">Problem 5PS </option><option value="5">Problem 6PS </option><option value="6">Problem 7PS: For each transaction, identify the real and/or financial assets that trade hands. Are any financial...</option><option value="7">Problem 8PS </option><option value="8">Problem 9PS: Lanni Products is u start-.up computer software development firm. It currently owns computer...</option><option value="9">Problem 10PS: Reconsider Lanni Products from Problem 9. (LO 1-2) a, Prepare its balance sheet just after it gets...</option><option value="10">Problem 11PS </option><option value="11">Problem 12PS: Examine the balance sheet of commercial banks in Table 1.3. (LO 1-2) a. What is the ratio of real...</option><option value="12">Problem 13PS </option><option value="13">Problem 14PS </option><option value="14">Problem 15PS </option><option value="15">Problem 16PS </option><option value="16">Problem 17PS: Why would you expect securitization o take place only in highly developed capital markets? (LO 1-6)</option><option value="17">Problem 18PS </option><option value="18">Problem 19PS: Give an examp1e of three financial intermediaries, and explain how they act as a bridge between...</option><option value="19">Problem 20PS: Firms raise capital from investors by issuing shares in the primary markets. Does this imply that...</option><option value="20">Problem 21PS: The average rate of return on investments in large stocks has outpaced that on investment in...</option><option value="21">Problem 22PS </option><option value="22">Problem 1WM </option><option value="23">Problem 2WM </option><option value="24">Problem 3WM </option><option value="25">Problem 4WM </option></select><div style="width:-56px" class="absolute left-16px top-12px pr-8px pointer-events-none bg-white text-ellipsis overflow-hidden whitespace-nowrap"><span class="text-grey-900 text-14px leading-20px font-semibold">Problem 1PS </span></div><div class="absolute text-blue-600 top-12px right-12px pointer-events-none "><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="width:24px;height:24px" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path><path d="M4 10.5c-.83 0-1.5.67-1.5 1.5s.67 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5-.67 1.5-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5-1.5zm0-6c-.83 0-1.5.67-1.5 1.5S3.17 7.5 4 7.5 5.5 6.83 5.5 6 4.83 4.5 4 4.5zm0 12c-.83 0-1.5.68-1.5 1.5s.68 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5-.68 1.5-1.5-.67-1.5-1.5-1.5zM7 19h14v-2H7v2zm0-6h14v-2H7v2zm0-8v2h14V5H7z"></path></svg></div></div></div></div><div class="flex-initial flex-row text-end w-full mt-16px"><a href="/subject/business/finance/textbook-answers" class="standalone-link flex-initial" tabindex="0">See similar textbooks</a></div><div><div class="flexRow flex-initial items-center w-full pt-24px mt-24px border-t-[1px] border-athensGray2 "><div class="flex-initial flex w-24px h-24px rounded-full mr-16px " style="background-color:#D8199E"><img width="12px" height="14px" class="flex-initial justify-center items-center m-auto" src="/static/compass_v2/leftrail/relatedQuestions.svg" alt="icon" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="text-16px leading-24px text-darkBlue-900 font-semibold">Related questions</div><button aria-label="open related questions" aria-controls="related-question-panel" id="related-question-left-rail" aria-expanded="false" class="flext flex-initial ml-auto w-24px h-24px" tabindex="0"><img width="10px" height="5px" class="flex-initial justify-center items-center m-auto" src="/static/compass_v2/leftrail/expand.svg" alt="button" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></button></div><div class="hidden w-full max-h-[250px] overflow-y-scroll" id="related-question-panel" aria-labelledby="#related-question-left-rail"><div class="flex flexCol flex-wrap overflow-x-hidden "></div><div class="flex flex-wrap overflow-hidden h-0px"><a href="/questions-and-answers/answer-the-question-below-please-include-atleast-one-reference-1-explain-audit-data-analytics-in-ris/076b6049-12ac-4b6d-9d23-e7ea589a138f" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Answer the question below: Please include atleast one reference 1: Explain Audit data analytics in…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Audit Data Analytics means reviewing audit-related information by using technology. 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Accuracy refers to the extent that…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Assessing the reliability of audit evidence: The reliability of audit evidence would increase when…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/an-auditor-can-receive-one-of-three-types-of-report-from-a-service-organizations-when-providing-assu/35d6713e-97e1-4904-af7d-bacbbdb0270f" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: An auditor can receive one of three types of report from a Service Organizations when providing…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: SOC 2 reports are issued by auditors regarding controls in service organisations</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/discuss-the-importance-of-monitoring-and-reporting-on-the-institutions-compliance-with-its-alm-polic/4ce59916-c892-4812-8591-79665553e5d6" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Discuss the importance of monitoring and reporting on the institution's compliance with its ALM…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Answer Assets Liability Management(ALM) - is used for manage financial Risk as a result of mismatch…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/performance-principle.-identify-how-each-of-the-following-statements-relates-to-the-performance-prin/4ef8453c-5797-4f13-93e9-2ca206cc1b9d" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Performance Principle. 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What three categories of objectives are set forth in the COSO framework?</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: COSO ERM framework defines internal control in an organisation as “a. process, effected by an…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/8-answer-is-not-complete.-a.-evaluating-the-effectiveness-of-the-clients-internal-control-in-prevent/5af368de-b7a0-40d9-b1f0-628217b517da" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: 8 Answer is not complete. a. Evaluating the effectiveness of the client's internal control in…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Risk Assessment: The client’s internal control is evaluated to get the effectiveness of it. It is…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/examples-of-assurance-services-include-all-of-the-following-except......-select-one-a.-compliance-en/7223e629-beb3-4eb9-bc29-52003d27e4e6" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Examples of assurance services include All of the following except......Select one: a.…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Assurance services are independent professional services that improve the quality or context of both…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/it-auditors-assist-organizations-by-evaluating-business-and-it-related-risks-and-the-effectiveness-o/75e52aad-4145-4ea9-a554-69ec8e752474" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: IT auditors assist organizations by evaluating business and IT-related risks and the effectiveness…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Auditor is referred to that professional who is responsible to verify the financial statements of a…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/describe-some-of-the-risks-events-within-the-following-major-categories-of-risk-1-strategy-and-reput/816aac99-8074-429e-bdf2-faf259a41532" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Describe some of the risks events within the following major categories of risk: (1) strategy…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Risk events are the uncertain and unfortunate events that take place inside an organization due to…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/risk-remaining-after-managements-actions-is/8b7de2a4-b796-42de-8103-7b5f043d551e" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: risk remaining after management’s actions is</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Option A is wrong because inherent risk is the risk of fraud or error which may exist even if the…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/audit-concerns-and-implications-on-risk-assessment-are-two-important-factors-that-must-be-addressed-/8bab4b25-5a28-4a03-b8a3-7df9a12c95d3" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Audit concerns and implications on risk assessment are two important factors that must be addressed…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: For the needs of AUS, a CIS atmosphere exists once a computerized Associate in Nursing sort or size…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/enhanced-the-credibility-of-the-information-about-a-subject-matter-such-as-the-financial-statement-b/9255376a-d6e9-4569-b08d-4935dac1ed0d" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Enhanced the credibility of the information about a subject matter ( such as the financial…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: The term "audit services" refers to the expert services offered by independent, unbiased auditors.…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/management-letter/9ac1183b-2f18-4717-9b17-9233f103421f" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: management letter</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Item I is incorrect because a management letter is issued for the use of auditors. Hence, it should…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/answer-in-paragraph-form-what-are-the-most-significant-challenges-that-auditors-face-when-assessing-/9ef984c3-5f31-4d7c-81ff-5bdf71eb04ef" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: (ANSWER IN PARAGRAPH FORM) What are the most significant challenges that auditors face when…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: For a variety of reasons, evaluating the effectiveness of internal controls involving information…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/discuss-the-types-of-internal-controls-and-explain-how-each-is-important-to-the-auditing-process.-ex/a09df00c-5243-4897-ae73-99f8e6aa56cc" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Discuss the types of internal controls and explain how each is important to the auditing process.…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: There are five primary types of internal controls that organizations use to manage risk and protect…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/direction-summarize-each-step-of-the-risk-based-audit-process.-establishing-audit-objective-agreeing/a2228ac6-7245-4abe-bf7a-da60805c7fcf" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Direction: summarize each step of the risk-based audit process. • Establishing audit objective •…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: The auditor's objective in a risk based audit is to obtain reasonable assurance that no misstatement…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/which-of-the-statements-below-are-potential-benefits-arising-from-an-assurance-service-i.-recommenda/a8f49632-2ffa-4cd8-b263-119298cc149f" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Which of the statements below, are potential benefits arising from an assurance service? I.…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: ASSURANCE SERVICES ARE AN INDEPENDENT EXAMINATION OF A COMPANY'S PROCESS AND CONTROLS . IT AIMS TO…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/match-each-term-with-its-definition.-a.-examining-process-functionality-b.-ensuring-acceptability-of/ac788c51-7ec3-4b7e-aee3-3f1a08ff8bdf" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Match each term with its definition. a. examining process functionality b. ensuring acceptability of…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: 1. Audit - (h) examination of records. 2. Competency assessment - (f) testing and documenting an…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/discuss-and-give-examples-of-the-various-tools-to-document-control-risk-assessment-such-as-narrative/ace76745-f34d-4502-88ce-07c93a44b355" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Discuss and give examples of the various tools to document control risk assessment – such as…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Documenting control risk assessments is an important step in identifying and managing risks within…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/below-are-events-for-each-event-identify-the-type-of-risk-the-event-entails-classify-your-identified/b17da2fb-ffe4-424c-8785-e29a6dc897a2" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Below are events, for each event, identify the type of risk the event entails, classify your…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Systematic and unsystematic risk Risk can be categorized as systematic and unsystematic risk.…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/risk-assessment-most-commonly-focuses-on-two-criteria-impact-and-likelihood.-as-an-ganizations-risk-/b9521148-b628-42f6-beb1-bbc106ac5e6b" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Risk assessment most commonly focuses on two criteria - impact and likelihood. As an ganization's…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Risk assessment, in simple words, is to closely observe and examine the possible vulnerabilities…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/4.-overall-risk-management-arrangements-are-the-main-preoccupation-of-the-internal-auditor-who-is-co/ba0a519e-d4f6-4cd5-9131-c24bbfb913c0" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: 4. Overall risk management arrangements are the main preoccupation of the internal auditor who is…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Hi There, Thanks for posting the questions. As per our Q&amp;A guidelines, must be answered only one…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/what-is-the-benefit-of-continuous-auditing-select-the-best-answer-a-faster-identification-of-risk-an/c3ab1909-9c9e-41cb-b519-82690d5beb49" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: What is the benefit of continuous auditing? (Select the BEST answer) a) Faster identification of…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Continuous auditing is a process used by auditors to conduct audits on a continuous basis rather…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/management-and-auditors-are-responsible-for-maintaining-effective-internal-control-system.-true-fals/c8864235-7478-4a57-bcd6-9972a9b7a2f1" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Management and auditors are responsible for maintaining effective internal control system. True…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Introduction:- Management means:- Management is the process of planning and organizing activities of…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/critically-analyse-the-importance-of-quality-management-in-auditing-and-assurance-and-recommend-how-/ce6b5e3b-258b-412d-a0f0-3a13ae0541c0" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Critically Analyse the importance of quality management in auditing and assurance and recommend how…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Quality management is crucial in auditing and assurance to ensure that auditors perform their work…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/he-exercise-of-integrating-a-companys-functional-strategies-helps-the-team-explicitly-recognize-whic/cf25b164-78d6-436f-ac70-676a9b4e6d50" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: he exercise of integrating a company’s functional strategies helps the team explicitly recognize…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Functional strategies refer to the specific plans and actions that are formulated and implemented by…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/it-audit-and-assurance-professionals-should-examine-the-root-cause-of-risk-events-that-impact-the-bu/d484164d-4489-4e89-9c07-19f92a6a44a3" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: IT audit and assurance professionals should examine the root cause of risk events that impact the…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: As an IT auditor, determining the underlying causes of a risk event that has an impact on the…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/as-a-part-of-understanding-the-clients-performance-measurement-system-the-auditor-focusing-on-key-pe/d49d5de2-bca0-423c-9c92-376db6e403bb" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: As a part of understanding the client's performance measurement system, the auditor focusing on key…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Auditing means the independent checking of company operation by outsider.</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/which-of-the-following-are-true-regarding-internal-auditors-and-the-adequacy-of-an-organizations-ris/d57f9649-51b0-42a4-b264-21b58e261457" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Which of the following are true regarding internal auditors and the adequacy of an organization's…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Internal Auditor - It is the person having trained professional tasked with providing separate,…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/auditors-must-consider-these-five-components-of-coso-internal-controls-when-understanding-the-client/d699b5a3-5f5a-4116-8692-b653bdda1590" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Auditors must consider these five components of COSO internal controls when understanding the client…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Segregation of duties is not component of COSO internal controls. however, Segregation of duties is…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/standards-requires-auditors-to-obtain-sufficient-knowledge-of-the-organizations-risk-assessment-proc/da11726d-98ae-469a-9f3e-7c29ed75fdad" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: Standards requires auditors to obtain sufficient knowledge of the organization’s risk assessment…</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: Risk Assessment Procedures are the procedures performed to obtain the understanding of the entity…</p></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/controls-are-relevant-to-the-auditors-risk-assessment/daddee9b-2384-4027-9005-cfdf5bf78bf6" class="flex-1 w-full no-underline mx-2px mt-2px mb-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="w-full lg:max-w-[255px]"><p class="text-grey-500 flex-1 m-0 text-16px font-semibold leading-24px -tracking-0.1px pb-6px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">Q: controls are relevant to the auditor’s risk assessment</p><p class="flex-1 m-0 text-shark text-14px leading-20px -tracking-0.1px w-[100%] break-words line-clamp-2">A: The statement S1 is true because the objectives are concerned about the plans or ideas regarding…</p></div></a></div></div></div></div><div id="qa_ad_sidebar" class="mt-[1rem] mx-auto mb-0 min-h-[250px] max-h-[600px] w-[300px] max-md:hidden"></div></div><div id="QNA-PAGE-MIDDLE-MAIN" class="flexCol"><div class="flex flex-col-reverse sm:flex-row sm:justify-between sm:items-center"><div class="flex flex-initial border-l-[2px] border-solid border-yellow700"><div aria-level="2" role="heading" data-section-name="Question" class="flex-initial text-20px font-semibold font-sans text-darkBlue-900 ml-8px md:text-24px">Question</div></div></div><div class="flexCol flex-initial border-[1px] mt-24px p-24px rounded-lg border-solid border-ghost bg-white"><div class="font-sans text-16px text-black leading-24px "><p>Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk.</p> <p>a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. </p> <p>b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. </p> <p>c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. </p> <p>d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each. </p></div></div><div class="flex flex-initial items-center mt-24px border-l-[2px] border-solid border-yellow700"><div aria-level="2" role="heading" data-section-name="Expert Solution" class="flex-initial text-20px font-semibold font-sans text-darkBlue-900 ml-8px md:text-24px">Expert Solution</div><img class="w-24px h-24px ml-16px" src="/static/compass_v2/shared-icons/check-mark.png" alt="" decoding="async" width="24" height="24"/></div><div id="Expert-Solution" class="paywall"></div><div id="solution-summary-v2-wrapper" class="hidden relative flexCol flex-initial border-[1px] mt-24px p-24px rounded-lg border-solid border-ghost bg-white"><div class="relative"><div style="height:630px" class="relative"><div class="sticky top-[50px] bg-darkBlue600 flex flex-col p-[16px] md:p-[24px] gap-[24px] max-w-[300px] md:max-w-[450px] m-auto items-center text-center rounded-[8px] z-[800]"><div 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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M11.67 3.87L9.9 2.1 0 12l9.9 9.9 1.77-1.77L3.54 12z"></path></svg></button><button aria-label="Next items" tabindex="0"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="button-icon" style="color:#5B63FE;height:14px" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path><path d="M6.23 20.23L8 22l10-10L8 2 6.23 3.77 14.46 12z"></path></svg></button></div></div><div class="relative"><ul class="flex overflow-hidden w-[100%]"><li class="m-w-[100%] list-none text-left block [&+li]:block }"><div class="flex flex-col mt-40px w-[100%] sm:flex-row"><a href="/questions-and-answers/internal-control-provides-reasonable-assurance-means-that-internal-control-has-its-inherent-limitati/dbc895b6-9a05-4155-b650-930cbd785671" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Choose the one correct answer. Internal control provides reasonable assurance means that ? internal control has its inherent limitations internal control is integrated in the various transaction cycles internal control involves every people in the organization evaluation of internal control is only a secondary objective of FS audit</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/audit-concerns-and-implications-on-risk-assessment-are-two-important-factors-that-must-be-addressed-/e23cf3db-5674-4c63-9b17-d3193e37dc3f" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Audit concerns and implications on risk assessment are two important factorsthat must be addressed in a computer information system environment.Discuss the above statement. dear tutor, kindly assist me to solve this question</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/as-an-auditor-give-advice-on-the-three-3-best-ways-how-software-defects-and-problems-should-be-handl/e274f6ee-1847-4188-98e9-bee6b1e7a4c0" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">As an auditor give advice on the THREE (3) best ways how software defects and problems should be handled in the future.</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></div></li><li class="m-w-[100%] list-none text-left hidden }"><div class="flex flex-col mt-40px w-[100%] sm:flex-row"><a href="/questions-and-answers/study-and-evaluation-of-management-control.-the-study-and-evaluation-of-management-risk-mitigation-c/e29169c5-5b23-4bd2-9de8-6d36caf1441b" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Study and Evaluation of Management Control. The study and evaluation of management risk mitigation control is not easy. First, auditors must determine the risks and the controls subject to audit. Then they must find a standard by which performance of the control can be evaluated. Next they must specify procedures to obtain the evidence on which an evaluationcan be based. Insofar as possible, the standards and related evidence must be quantified. The following description gives certain information (in italics) that internal auditors would know about or be able to determine on their own. Fulfilling the requirement thus amounts to taking some information from the scenario and figuring out other things by using accountants’ and auditors’ common sense.The ScenarioAce Corporation ships building materials to more than a thousand wholesale and retail customers in a five-state region. The company’s normal credit terms are net/30 days, and no cash discounts are offered. Fred Clark is the chief…</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/4.-many-organizations-implement-assurance-layering-strategies-to-mitigate-the-risks-they-face-to-acc/eb7c052f-b34b-44fb-927b-c68d666675b1" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">4. Many organizations implement assurance layering strategies to mitigate the risks they face to acceptable levels. One such strategy is the Three Lines of Defense model. a. Describe the first and second lines of defense included in this model. b. Explain what distinguishes the third line of defense from the first two. c. Discuss how the three lines of defense are coordinated. d. Identify the external sources of assurance that organizations use to augment their internal lines of defense.</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/which-of-the-following-is-considered-different-and-more-limited-in-objectives-than-the-others-a.-ope/ed4c8324-085c-478b-898f-b617067683cb" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Which of the following is considered different and more limited in objectives than theothers?a. Operational auditing.b. Performance auditing.c. Management auditing.d. Financial statement auditing</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></div></li><li class="m-w-[100%] list-none text-left hidden }"><div class="flex flex-col mt-40px w-[100%] sm:flex-row"><a href="/questions-and-answers/both-external-auditors-and-accountants-engaged-in-implementing-or-updating-systems-need-a-basic-unde/f1adef6d-957a-4c10-86f1-2d9ecfac20c3" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Both external auditors and accountants engaged in implementing or updating systems need a basic understanding of accounting information systems. Compare the needs of the two groups, identifying the areas where both need the same kind of understanding and the areas where one group has essentially different needs.</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/explain-why-and-auditor-needs-an-understanding-of-the-clients-industry/f1b7564f-790b-4658-bcbb-27bb0ee9f0e8" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">explain why and auditor needs an understanding of the client's industry</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/dashboards-have-the-following-primary-purposes-select-all-that-apply-o-integration-with-security-sys/f379b9c6-3b55-47be-a415-7c69661fe9e2" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Dashboards have the following primary purposes (select all that apply): Integration with security systems Measure the audience's acceptance of technology Visual display of key performance indicators Provide situational awareness Ability to indicate trends and patterns to</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></div></li><li class="m-w-[100%] list-none text-left hidden }"><div class="flex flex-col mt-40px w-[100%] sm:flex-row"><a href="/questions-and-answers/which-of-the-following-is-not-one-of-the-components-of-cosos-framework-a.-objective-setting-which-in/f99da76c-c7ca-4e08-a6df-e020ae73bed8" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Which of the following is not one of the components of COSO’s framework? A. Objective setting which includes setting the objectives and critical success factors B. Continuously monitoring the ERM process C. Risk Assessment to manage risk related to achieving corporate objectives D. Safeguarding assets to prevent or detect unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition E. Control Activities which include policies and procedures to assure that management’s control objectives are met</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/onal-structure.-sting./fa5497c8-33f8-47b3-be7b-3bef3fff4594" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Audit procedures designed to evaluate the operating effectiveness of controls to prevent, detect, or correct material misstatements are known as organizational structure. O control testing. O commitment to competence. O management's philosophy and operating style.</div></div><div class="flex ml-24px text-darkBlue900 text-24px"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" style="color:#5B63FE" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M12 4l-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></div></div></div></a><a href="/questions-and-answers/risk-is-defined-by-some-as-the-possiblity-of-danger-or-the-possible-exposure-to-danger.-whereas-risk/fbb2f0e4-f306-42c3-89c4-0cc3ff45a67e" class="mr-24px" tabindex="0"><div class="mb-20px m-w-[100%] w-[250px] no-underline border-[1px] border-solid border-grey100 p-[16px] md:mb-0px md:w-[318px] m-h-[134px] leading-24px hover:bg-banner-info"><div class="odd:mr-0px flex items-end justify-between w-[100%]"><div class="flex overflow-hidden h-[100px] "><div style="display:-webkit-box;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:4" class="m-w-[350px] text-16px overflow-hidden text-grey-500">Risk is defined by some as the possiblity of danger or the possible exposure to danger. Whereas, risk management is viewed as a systematic process of assessing the potential risk to a business which incorporates identifying, evaluating, monitoring/tracking and reporting risk to the board/senior management. Risk management processes are evolving with the focus on all of the following EXCEPT: Question 1Answer a. Development of regulator guidelines for imposing risk-based techniques to reduce systemic risks. b. Examining the different components of the risk management framework. c. Emergence of new organizational processes for better integrating these advances. d. 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Brigham, Joel F. Houston</div></div><div class="flex items-center mt-8px"><div class="font-semibold mr-8px text-14px">Publisher:</div><div class="text-grey-500 text-14px overflow-hidden text-ellipsis whitespace-nowrap">Cengage Learning</div></div></div></div></div><div class="min-w-[80%] mr-[40px] sm:min-w-[45%] md:min-w-[50%] mdl:min-w-[30%] md:m-0"><div class="flex"><img class="m-5px h-[146px] w-[113px] md:m-0 md:mr-16px" src="https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9780077861759/9780077861759_smallCoverImage.gif" alt="Corporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series i…" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/><div class="w-[70%] mdl:w-[56%]"><a href="/textbooks/corporate-finance-the-mcgraw-hillirwin-series-in-finance-insurance-and-real-estate-11th-edition/9780077861759/solutions" class="text-16px font-semibold leading-24px cursor-pointer no-underline text-grey-900 hover:no-underline" tabindex="0">Corporate Finance (The Mcgraw-hill/Irwin Series i…</a><div class="flex items-center mt-8px text-grey-500 text-14px"><div class="w-12px h-12px bg-green50 rounded-[50%] flex items-center justify-center mr-8px"><div class="w-4px h-4px bg-green300 rounded-[50%]"></div></div>Finance</div><div class="flex items-center mt-8px"><div class="font-semibold mr-8px text-14px">ISBN:</div><div class="text-grey-500 text-14px overflow-hidden text-ellipsis whitespace-nowrap">9780077861759</div></div><div class="flex items-center mt-8px"><div class="font-semibold mr-8px text-14px">Author:</div><div class="text-grey-500 text-14px overflow-hidden text-ellipsis whitespace-nowrap">Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Financial Economics Professor, Randolph W Westerfield Robert R. Dockson Deans Chair in Bus. 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Compare the needs of the two\ngroups, identifying the areas where both need the same kind of understanding and the areas\nwhere one group has essentially different needs."},{"questionUrl":{"href":"/questions-and-answers/explain-why-and-auditor-needs-an-understanding-of-the-clients-industry/f1b7564f-790b-4658-bcbb-27bb0ee9f0e8"},"questioText":"explain why and auditor needs an understanding of the client's industry"},{"questionUrl":{"href":"/questions-and-answers/dashboards-have-the-following-primary-purposes-select-all-that-apply-o-integration-with-security-sys/f379b9c6-3b55-47be-a415-7c69661fe9e2"},"questioText":"Dashboards have the following primary purposes (select all that apply):\nIntegration with security systems\nMeasure the audience's acceptance of technology\nVisual display of key performance indicators\nProvide situational awareness\nAbility to indicate trends and patterns to"},{"questionUrl":{"href":"/questions-and-answers/which-of-the-following-is-not-one-of-the-components-of-cosos-framework-a.-objective-setting-which-in/f99da76c-c7ca-4e08-a6df-e020ae73bed8"},"questioText":"Which of the following is not one of the components of COSO’s framework?\nA. 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Control Activities which include policies and procedures to assure that management’s control objectives are met"},{"questionUrl":{"href":"/questions-and-answers/onal-structure.-sting./fa5497c8-33f8-47b3-be7b-3bef3fff4594"},"questioText":"Audit procedures designed to evaluate the operating effectiveness of controls to prevent, detect, or\ncorrect material misstatements are known as\norganizational structure.\nO control testing.\nO commitment to competence.\nO management's philosophy and operating style."},{"questionUrl":{"href":"/questions-and-answers/risk-is-defined-by-some-as-the-possiblity-of-danger-or-the-possible-exposure-to-danger.-whereas-risk/fbb2f0e4-f306-42c3-89c4-0cc3ff45a67e"},"questioText":"Risk is defined by some as the possiblity of danger or the possible exposure to danger. Whereas, risk management is viewed as a systematic process of assessing the potential risk to a business which incorporates identifying, evaluating, monitoring/tracking and reporting risk to the board/senior management. Risk management processes are evolving with the focus on all of the following EXCEPT:\n\nQuestion 1Answer\n\n\na.\n\nDevelopment of regulator guidelines for imposing risk-based techniques to reduce systemic risks.\n\n\n\n\nb.\n\nExamining the different components of the risk management framework.\n\n\n\n\nc.\n\nEmergence of new organizational processes for better integrating these advances.\n\n\n\n\nd.\n\nDeveloping risk-based techniques to meet risk-based capital requirements"}],"gtmPageLocation":{"name":"Knowledge Booster"},"newlyPublishedQnaZippies":[]},"stickyHeaderProps":{"text":"Information Risk Analyst (IT Controls Audit) will help the organization assess risk controls and their effectiveness for current and future design improvements. To be successful in this career path YOU must be familiar with the concept Information Risk. a. Explain the term ‘information risk’ in your own words. b. Discuss three (3) causes of information risk. c. Discuss the three (3) main ways to reduce information risk. d. Differentiate between ‘assurance services’ and ‘non-assurance services,’ giving examples of each."},"followUpQuestionProps":[],"qnaVideoProps":{"video":null,"topicVideo":null,"questionId":"18622dd1-b7d4-4ec0-8321-c946e1fb1739","qnaHref":{"href":"/account/registration"}},"textbookModuleProps":{"bookInfoProps":{"shouldShowAbbreviatedView":true,"isbn13":"9781260013924","title":"Essentials Of Investments","authors":"Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.","publisher":"Bodie, Zvi, Kane, Alex, MARCUS, Alan J.","edition":"11th Edition","bookCoverImageUrl":"https://compass-isbn-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/isbn_cover_images/9781260013924/9781260013924_smallCoverImage.jpg","bookUrl":"/textbooks/essentials-of-investments-11th-edition/9781260013924/solutions","bookExternalUrl":"https://amzn.to/3SEdVOn"},"tocSelectorProps":{"isbn13":"9781260013924","isHighSchool":false,"tbsSlug":"essentials-of-investments-11th-edition","selectedChapterIndex":0,"chaptersAndSections":{"defaultValue":"0","defaultChildValue":"0-8","options":[{"text":"Investments: Background And Issues","textPrefix":"1","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.1","value":"0","children":[{"text":"Real Assets Versus Financial Assets","textPrefix":"1.1","sectionId":"7ed06c10-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.1","value":"0-0"},{"text":"Financial Assets","textPrefix":"1.2","sectionId":"7ed22aa5-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.2","value":"0-1"},{"text":"Financial Markets And The Economy","textPrefix":"1.3","sectionId":"7ed36300-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.3","value":"0-2"},{"text":"The Investment Process","textPrefix":"1.4","sectionId":"7ed44d5f-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.4","value":"0-3"},{"text":"Markets Are Competitive","textPrefix":"1.5","sectionId":"7ed540f0-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.5","value":"0-4"},{"text":"The Players","textPrefix":"1.6","sectionId":"7ed62839-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.6","value":"0-5"},{"text":"The Financial Crisis Of 2008","textPrefix":"1.7","sectionId":"7ed71552-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.7","value":"0-6"},{"text":"Outline Of The Text","textPrefix":"1.8","sectionId":"7ed80093-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1.8","value":"0-7"},{"text":"Chapter Questions","textPrefix":"","sectionId":"7e8ca431-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"1","sectionSequenceText":"1","value":"0-8"}],"sectionId":"7e8ca431-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e"},{"text":"Asset Classes And Financial Instruments","textPrefix":"2","chapterSequenceText":"2","sectionSequenceText":"2.1","value":"1","children":[{"text":"The Money Market","textPrefix":"2.1","sectionId":"7f357267-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"2","sectionSequenceText":"2.1","value":"1-0"},{"text":"The Bond Market","textPrefix":"2.2","sectionId":"7f368ab4-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"2","sectionSequenceText":"2.2","value":"1-1"},{"text":"Equity Securities","textPrefix":"2.3","sectionId":"7f377c26-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"2","sectionSequenceText":"2.3","value":"1-2"},{"text":"Stock And Bond Market Indexes","textPrefix":"2.4","sectionId":"7f387808-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"2","sectionSequenceText":"2.4","value":"1-3"},{"text":"Derivative Markets","textPrefix":"2.5","sectionId":"7f3966a0-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"2","sectionSequenceText":"2.5","value":"1-4"},{"text":"Chapter Questions","textPrefix":"","sectionId":"7ed8ebf1-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"2","sectionSequenceText":"2","value":"1-5"}],"sectionId":"7ed8ebf1-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e"},{"text":"Securities Markets","textPrefix":"3","chapterSequenceText":"3","sectionSequenceText":"3.1","value":"2","children":[{"text":"How Firms Issue Securities","textPrefix":"3.1","sectionId":"7f81f465-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"3","sectionSequenceText":"3.1","value":"2-0"},{"text":"How Securities Are Traded","textPrefix":"3.2","sectionId":"7f83172c-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"3","sectionSequenceText":"3.2","value":"2-1"},{"text":"The Rise Of Electronic Trading","textPrefix":"3.3","sectionId":"7f8414cd-29e7-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e","chapterSequenceText":"3","sectionSequenceText":"3.3","value":"2-2"},{"text":"U.s. 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