CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>埃塞俄比亚 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"0dd3c5a6-2553-4578-a952-01226af1a761","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"埃塞俄比亚","wgTitle":"埃塞俄比亚","wgCurRevisionId":84661530,"wgRevisionId":84661530,"wgArticleId":6342,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["含有非数字formatnum参数的页面","使用Phonos的页面","CS1英语来源 (en)","CS1英国英语来源 (en-gb)","引文格式1错误：章节参数被忽略","自2024年11月带有失效链接的条目","使用ISBN魔术链接的页面","使用WikiMiniAtlas小工具的页面","含有阿姆哈拉語的條目","含有非中文內容的條目","含有奧羅莫語的條目","含有阿法爾語的條目","含有提格利尼亞語的條目", "在infobox country或infobox former country使用symbol caption或类型字段的页面","含有明確引用中文的條目","嵌入hAudio微格式的條目","自2023年2月扩充中的条目","所有扩充中的条目","自2023年2月包含空白章節的條目","所有包含空白章節的條目","使用小型訊息框的頁面","使用人口模板的頁面","包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目","包含ISNI标识符的维基百科条目","包含VIAF标识符的维基百科条目","包含WorldCat实体标识符的维基百科条目","包含BIBSYS标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNE标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目","包含GND标识符的维基百科条目","包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目","包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目","包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目","包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目","包含NLA标识符的维基百科条目", "包含PortugalA标识符的维基百科条目","包含MusicBrainz area标识符的维基百科条目","包含KULTURNAV标识符的维基百科条目","包含UKPARL标识符的维基百科条目","包含EMU标识符的维基百科条目","包含HDS标识符的维基百科条目","包含NARA标识符的维基百科条目","包含SUDOC标识符的维基百科条目","包含TDVİA标识符的维基百科条目","维基数据存在坐标数据的页面","东非国家","衣索比亞","前共產主義國家","聯邦共和制國家","內陸國家","联合国会员国","金砖国家成员国"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"埃塞俄比亚","wgRelevantArticleId":6342,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":8,"lon":38},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q115","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.phonos.init","ext.tmh.player","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas", "ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink","ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab","ext.gadget.internalLinkHelper-altcolor","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.gadget.large-font&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/1200px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/800px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="400"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/640px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="320"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="埃塞俄比亚 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-埃塞俄比亚 rootpage-埃塞俄比亚 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主菜单</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z"><span>首页</span></a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科"><span>分类索引</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容"><span>特色内容</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料"><span>新闻动态</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近更改</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>随机条目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做"><span>维基社群</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引"><span>方针与指引</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论"><span>互助客栈</span></a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方"><span>知识问答</span></a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求"><span>字词转换</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93"><span>IRC即时聊天</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科"><span>联络我们</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介"><span>关于维基百科</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-國名" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#國名"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>國名</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-國名-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-历史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关历史子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-古代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#古代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>古代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-古代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中古與近世" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中古與近世"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>中古與近世</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中古與近世-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-冷戰時期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#冷戰時期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>冷戰時期</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-冷戰時期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-現代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#現代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>現代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-現代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>地理</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-地理-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关地理子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-地理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-气候" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#气候"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>气候</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-气候-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-水文" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水文"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>水文</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水文-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-政治" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政治"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>政治</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-政治-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外交" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外交"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外交</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外交-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-軍事" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#軍事"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>軍事</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-軍事-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-行政區劃" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#行政區劃"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>行政區劃</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-行政區劃-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人口" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人口"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>人口</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-人口-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关人口子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-人口-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-语言" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#语言"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>语言</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-语言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-宗教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>宗教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-宗教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-主要城镇" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#主要城镇"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>主要城镇</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-主要城镇-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-經濟" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#經濟"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>經濟</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-經濟-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关經濟子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-經濟-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-農牧業" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#農牧業"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>農牧業</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-農牧業-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-工業" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#工業"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>工業</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-工業-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-觀光業" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#觀光業"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>觀光業</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-觀光業-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-卫生事业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#卫生事业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>卫生事业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-卫生事业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-交通" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#交通"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>交通</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-交通-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-飲食" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#飲食"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>飲食</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-飲食-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">埃塞俄比亚</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。275种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-275" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">275种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Ефиопиа – 阿布哈西亚语" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Ефиопиа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="阿布哈西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 亚齐语" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亚齐语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Эфиопие – 阿迪格语" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Эфиопие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="阿迪格语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopi%C3%AB" title="Ethiopië – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ethiopië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84thiopien" title="Äthiopien – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Äthiopien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%89%B5%E1%8B%AE%E1%8C%B5%E1%8B%AB" title="ኢትዮጵያ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢትዮጵያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigelhearwenaland" title="Sigelhearwenaland – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sigelhearwenaland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 奥博洛语" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="奥博洛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथियोपिया – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इथियोपिया" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="إثيوبيا – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إثيوبيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9F%DC%98%DC%AB" title="ܟܘܫ – 阿拉米语" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܟܘܫ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="阿拉米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="إتيوپيا – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إتيوپيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="اثيوبيا – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اثيوبيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiop%C3%ADa" title="Etiopía – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Etiopía" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8" title="ХӀабаши – 阿瓦尔语" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ХӀабаши" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ityopia" title="Ityopia – 科塔瓦文" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Ityopia" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="科塔瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itiwpiya" title="Itiwpiya – 艾马拉语" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Itiwpiya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="艾马拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efiopiya" title="Efiopiya – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Efiopiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="اتیوپی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اتیوپی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфиопия – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эфиопия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89thiopia" title="Éthiopia – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Éthiopia" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopien" title="Ethiopien – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ethiopien" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiuop%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Etiuopėjė – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Etiuopėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 巴塔克托巴文" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="巴塔克托巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etyopya" title="Etyopya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Etyopya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Эфіопія – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эфіопія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Этыёпія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Этыёпія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsi" title="Habsi – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Habsi" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Етиопия – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Етиопия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथियोपिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इथियोपिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itiopia" title="Itiopia – 比斯拉马语" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Itiopia" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="比斯拉马语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 班亞爾文" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="班亞爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 班巴拉语" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="班巴拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="ইথিওপিয়া – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইথিওপিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨི་ཐི་ཨོ་པི་ཡ། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨི་ཐི་ཨོ་པི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="ইথিওপিয়া – 比什奴普萊利亞文" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="ইথিওপিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="比什奴普萊利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopija" title="Etiopija – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Etiopija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8" title="Эфиопи – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Эфиопи" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B2pia" title="Etiòpia – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Etiòpia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiop%C3%ADa" title="Etiopía – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Etiopía" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8" title="Эфиопи – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Эфиопи" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etyopiya" title="Etyopiya – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Etyopiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A2%E1%8F%97%E1%8E%A3%E1%8F%88%E1%8E%A0" title="ᎢᏗᎣᏈᎠ – 切罗基语" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎢᏗᎣᏈᎠ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="切罗基语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ئیتیۆپیا – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیتیۆپیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ettiopia" title="Ettiopia – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ettiopia" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abe%C5%9Fistan" title="Abeşistan – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Abeşistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopie" title="Etiopie – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Etiopie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopi%C3%B4" title="Etiopiô – 卡舒比语" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Etiopiô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒比语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D1%B3%D1%97%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Єѳїопїꙗ – 教会斯拉夫语" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Єѳїопїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="教会斯拉夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8" title="Эфиопи – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Эфиопи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopien" title="Etiopien – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Etiopien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84thiopien" title="Äthiopien – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Äthiopien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 丁卡语" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="丁卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etyopya" title="Etyopya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Etyopya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopiska" title="Etiopiska – 下索布语" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Etiopiska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="下索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथियोपिया – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इथियोपिया" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%99%DE%A6%DE%84%DE%AA%DE%9D%DE%B0%DE%86%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%A6" title="ޙަބުޝްކަރަ – 迪维希语" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޙަބުޝްކަރަ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪维希语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 埃维语" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="埃维语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αιθιοπία – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αιθιοπία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopio" title="Etiopio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Etiopio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiop%C3%ADa" title="Etiopía – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Etiopía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etioopia" title="Etioopia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Etioopia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="اتیوپی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اتیوپی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecoppi" title="Ecoppi – 富拉语" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Ecoppi" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="富拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etioopia" title="Etioopia – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Etioopia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89thiopie" title="Éthiopie – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Éthiopie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88tiopie" title="Ètiopie – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ètiopie" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etioopien" title="Etioopien – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Etioopien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etioopje" title="Etioopje – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Etioopje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Aet%C3%B3ip" title="An Aetóip – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Aetóip" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiyopiya" title="Etiyopiya – 加告兹语" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Etiyopiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="加告兹语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="埃塞俄比亞 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="埃塞俄比亞" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9tchopi" title="Létchopi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Létchopi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Aeti%C3%B2p" title="An Aetiòp – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Aetiòp" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiop%C3%ADa" title="Etiopía – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Etiopía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiop%C3%ADa" title="Etiopía – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Etiopía" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथिओपिया – 孔卡尼文" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="इथिओपिया" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="孔卡尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%A5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="ઇથિયોપિયા – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઇથિયોપિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 弗拉弗拉文" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="弗拉弗拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Eetoip" title="Yn Eetoip – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Eetoip" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itofiya" title="Itofiya – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Itofiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBAikiopia" title="ʻAikiopia – 夏威夷语" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻAikiopia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94" title="אתיופיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אתיופיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथोपिया – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इथोपिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopija" title="Etiopija – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Etiopija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopiska" title="Etiopiska – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Etiopiska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etyopi" title="Etyopi – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Etyopi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B3pia" title="Etiópia – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Etiópia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%A9%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Եթովպիա – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Եթովպիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%A9%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Եթովպիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Եթովպիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 伊班语" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 国际文字（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%88" title="ХӀабиш – 印古什语" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ХӀабиш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%BE%C3%AD%C3%B3p%C3%ADa" title="Eþíópía – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Eþíópía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%81%E3%82%AA%E3%83%94%E3%82%A2" title="エチオピア – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エチオピア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iityuopia" title="Iityuopia – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Iityuopia" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/itiopias" title="itiopias – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="itiopias" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89thiopia" title="Éthiopia – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Éthiopia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ეთიოპია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეთიოპია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efiopiya" title="Efiopiya – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Efiopiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ityupya" title="Ityupya – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ityupya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiyoopii" title="Etiyoopii – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Etiyoopii" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ityopya" title="Ityopya – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ityopya" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itiopia" title="Itiopia – 刚果语" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Itiopia" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="刚果语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 吉库尤语" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉库尤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфиопия – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Эфиопия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B8" title="អេត្យូពី – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អេត្យូពី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF" title="ಇತಿಯೋಪಿಯ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇತಿಯೋಪಿಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%ED%8B%B0%EC%98%A4%ED%94%BC%EC%95%84" title="에티오피아 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에티오피아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%8C%D1%8F" title="Итьоппья – 科米-彼尔米亚克语" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Итьоппья" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="科米-彼尔米亚克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiyopya" title="Etiyopya – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Etiyopya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфиопия – 科米语" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Эфиопия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopi" title="Ethiopi – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ethiopi" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфиопия – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Эфиопия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aethiopia" title="Aethiopia – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aethiopia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 拉迪诺语" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopien" title="Ethiopien – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ethiopien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфиопия – 列兹金语" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Эфиопия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列兹金语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itiopia" title="Itiopia – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Itiopia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 卢干达语" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="卢干达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopi%C3%AB" title="Ethiopië – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ethiopië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B2pia" title="Etiòpia – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Etiòpia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopi" title="Etiopi – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Etiopi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B5" title="ປະເທດເອທິໂອປີ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດເອທິໂອປີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopija" title="Etiopija – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Etiopija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopija" title="Etiopija – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Etiopija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 马都拉语" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="马都拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथियोपिया – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="इथियोपिया" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Этиопия – 莫克沙语" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Этиопия" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B4pia" title="Etiôpia – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Etiôpia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Эфиопий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Эфиопий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 毛利语" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Етиопија – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Етиопија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="എത്യോപ്യ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എത്യോപ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Этиоп – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Этиоп" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯑꯦꯊꯤꯌꯣꯄꯤꯌꯥ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯦꯊꯤꯌꯣꯄꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथियोपिया – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इथियोपिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8" title="Эфиопи – 西馬里文" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Эфиопи" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="西馬里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsyah" title="Habsyah – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Habsyah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etjopja" title="Etjopja – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Etjopja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B3pia" title="Etiópia – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Etiópia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="အီသီယိုးပီးယားနိုင်ငံ – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အီသီယိုးပီးယားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Эфиопия Мастор – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Эфиопия Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="اتیوپی – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اتیوپی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84thiopien" title="Äthiopien – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Äthiopien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopie" title="Etiopie – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Etiopie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथियोपिया – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इथियोपिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="इथियोपिया – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इथियोपिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopi%C3%AB" title="Ethiopië – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ethiopië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8B%DF%97%DF%8F%DF%94%DF%8C%DF%AB" title="ߋߗߏߔߌ߫ – 西非书面文字" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߋߗߏߔߌ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="西非书面文字" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 北索托语" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="北索托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsinbijeeh_Dazhdi%C5%82idii_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Tsinbijeeh Dazhdiłidii Bikéyah – 纳瓦霍语" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tsinbijeeh Dazhdiłidii Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="纳瓦霍语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efiopii" title="Efiopii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Efiopii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itoophiyaa" title="Itoophiyaa – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Itoophiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%A5%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%93%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86" title="ଇଥିଓପିଆ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇଥିଓପିଆ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8" title="Эфиопи – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Эфиопи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਇਥੋਪੀਆ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਥੋਪੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 邦板牙语" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="邦板牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 帕皮阿门托语" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿门托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 尼日利亚皮钦语" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="尼日利亚皮钦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="ईथ्योपिया – 巴利语" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="ईथ्योपिया" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="巴利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B2pia" title="Etiòpia – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Etiòpia" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ایتھوپیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایتھوپیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ایتوپیا – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ایتوپیا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B3pia" title="Etiópia – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Etiópia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isubya" title="Isubya – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Isubya" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ithiyupya" title="Ithiyupya – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ithiyupya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 罗曼什语" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="罗曼什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopie" title="Etiopie – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Etiopie" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфиопия – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эфиопия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Етіопія – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Етіопія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiyopiya" title="Etiyopiya – 卢旺达语" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Etiyopiya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="卢旺达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="ईथ्योपिया – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="ईथ्योपिया" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Этиопия – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Этиопия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱭᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱛᱷᱤᱭᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B2pia" title="Etiòpia – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Etiòpia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopie" title="Ethiopie – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ethiopie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%BF%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ايٿوپيا – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ايٿوپيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiop%C3%AFi" title="Etiopïi – 桑戈语" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Etiopïi" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="桑戈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopija" title="Etiopija – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Etiopija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ityubya" title="Ityubya – 希尔哈语" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ityubya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希尔哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A2%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းဢီႇတီႇယူဝ်းပီးယႃး – 掸语" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းဢီႇတီႇယူဝ်းပီးယႃး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="掸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ඉතියෝපියාව – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉතියෝපියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B3pia" title="Etiópia – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Etiópia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopija" title="Etiopija – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Etiopija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitiope" title="Aitiope – 萨摩亚语" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Aitiope" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="萨摩亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 伊纳里萨米语" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="伊纳里萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itopiya" title="Itopiya – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Itopiya" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itoobiya" title="Itoobiya – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Itoobiya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Етиопија – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Етиопија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopikondre" title="Ethiopikondre – 苏里南汤加语" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Ethiopikondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="苏里南汤加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITopiya" title="ITopiya – 斯瓦蒂语" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="ITopiya" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="斯瓦蒂语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 南索托语" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="南索托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84thiopien" title="Äthiopien – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Äthiopien" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tiopia" title="Étiopia – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Étiopia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopien" title="Etiopien – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Etiopien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etjopijo" title="Etjopijo – 西里西亚语" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Etjopijo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="எத்தியோப்பியா – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எத்தியோப்பியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%A5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="ఇథియోపియా – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇథియోపియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфиопия – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Эфиопия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศเอธิโอเปีย – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศเอธิโอเปีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%89%B5%E1%8B%AE%E1%8C%B5%E1%8B%AB" title="ኢትዮጵያ – 提格利尼亚语" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ኢትዮጵያ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="提格利尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efiopi%C3%BDa" title="Efiopiýa – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Efiopiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efiopij%C9%99" title="Efiopijə – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Efiopijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C4%AAti%C5%8Dpia" title="ʻĪtiōpia – 汤加语" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻĪtiōpia" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="汤加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiyopya" title="Etiyopya – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Etiyopya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 赛德克语" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="赛德克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topiya" title="Topiya – 聪加语" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Topiya" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="聪加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%99%D0%B1%D3%99%D1%88%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хәбәшстан – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Хәбәшстан" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 通布卡语" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="通布卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Эфиопия – 乌德穆尔特语" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Эфиопия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="乌德穆尔特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%90%D9%81%D9%89%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="ئېفىئوپىيە – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئېفىئوپىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ефіопія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ефіопія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ایتھوپیا – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایتھوپیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efiopiya" title="Efiopiya – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Efiopiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eti%C3%B2pia" title="Etiòpia – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Etiòpia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efiopii" title="Efiopii – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Efiopii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopi%C3%AB" title="Ethiopië – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Ethiopië" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4tiop%C3%A4n" title="Lätiopän – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lätiopän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopeye" title="Etiopeye – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Etiopeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Etiopia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecoopi" title="Ecoopi – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Ecoopi" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="埃塞俄比亞 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="埃塞俄比亞" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITopiya" title="ITopiya – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="ITopiya" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ეთიოპია – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ეთიოპია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A2" title="עטיאפיע – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עטיאפיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopi%C3%AB" title="Ethiopië – 西蘭文" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Ethiopië" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="西蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵉⵜⵢⵓⴱⵢⴰ – 标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵜⵢⵓⴱⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="衣索比亞 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="衣索比亞" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ethiopia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="埃塞俄比亞 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="埃塞俄比亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Itiyopiya" title="I-Itiyopiya – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="I-Itiyopiya" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q115#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&oldid=84661530" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&id=84661530&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%259F%2583%25E5%25A1%259E%25E4%25BF%2584%25E6%25AF%2594%25E4%25BA%259A"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%259F%2583%25E5%25A1%259E%25E4%25BF%2584%25E6%25AF%2594%25E4%25BA%259A"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%89%B5%E1%8B%AE%E1%8C%B5%E1%8B%AB" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" hreflang="zh"><span>维基语录</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" hreflang="zh"><span>维基导游</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q115" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%9D%90%E6%A0%87" class="mw-redirect" title="地理坐标">坐标</a>：<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82757201">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&pagename=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&params=8_N_38_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">8°N</span> <span class="longitude">38°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">8°N 38°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">8; 38</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-93b69f94" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-93b69f94" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="地名"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Unit"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:闪米特语族; zh-hk:閃米特語族; zh-tw:閃米語族;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:索马里; zh-hk:索馬里; zh-tw:索馬利亞;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-tw:衣索比亞;zh-sg:埃塞俄比亚;zh-my:埃塞俄比亚;zh-cn:埃塞俄比亚;zh-hk:埃塞俄比亞;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:厄立特里亚;zh-hk:厄立特里亞;zh-tw:厄立垂亞;zh-sg:厄立特里;zh-my:厄立特里亚;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-tw:衣國;zh-sg:埃国;zh-cn:埃塞;zh-hk:埃塞;zh-my:埃塞;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-tw:衣厄;zh-sg:埃厄;zh-cn:埃厄;zh-hk:埃厄;zh-my:埃厄;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:埃革阵; zh-hk:埃革陣; zh-tw:衣革陣"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:埃军; zh-hk:埃軍; zh-tw:衣軍"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh:索馬里州;zh-hans:索马里州;zh-hk:索馬里州;zh-tw:索馬利州;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh:索馬里族;zh-hans:索马里族;zh-hk:索馬里族;zh-tw:索馬利族;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:意埃战争; zh-hk:意埃戰爭; zh-tw:義衣戰爭"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:意军; zh-hk:意軍; zh-tw:義軍"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84055776">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">衣索比亞聯邦民主共和國</div><div class="ib-country-names"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:85%;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">官方语言名称</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="infobox-subbox" style="font-size:78%;font-weight:normal;"><tbody><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="阿姆哈拉语">阿姆哈拉语</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span lang="am">የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ</span><br /><span lang="am-latn">yeʾĪtiyoṗṗiya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%AB%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="奥罗莫语">奥罗莫语</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span lang="om">Rippabliikii Federaalawaa Dimokraatawaa Itiyoophiyaa</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="阿法爾語">阿法尔语</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span lang="aa">ityoppiah federalih demokrasih ummuno</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="提格雷尼亚语">提格雷尼亚语</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span lang="ti">ናይኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ</span><br /><span lang="ti-latn">nayi'ītiyop'iya fēdēralawī dēmokirasīyawī rīpebilīki</span></td></tr></tbody></table> </li></ul> </div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; padding:0 2px 0 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="衣索比亞国旗"><img alt="衣索比亞国旗" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/125px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/188px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/250px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97" class="mw-redirect" title="埃塞俄比亚国旗">国旗</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; padding:0 5px 0 2px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Ethiopia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="衣索比亞国徽"><img alt="衣索比亞国徽" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Emblem_of_Ethiopia.svg/85px-Emblem_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Emblem_of_Ethiopia.svg/128px-Emblem_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Emblem_of_Ethiopia.svg/170px-Emblem_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%BE%BD" title="埃塞俄比亚国徽"> 国徽</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem" style=""><b>国歌：</b><br /><span lang="am">ወደፊት ገስግሺ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ</span><br />《<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%BF%9B%EF%BC%8C%E4%BA%B2%E7%88%B1%E7%9A%84%E6%AF%8D%E4%BA%B2%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="前进，亲爱的母亲埃塞俄比亚">前进，亲爱的母亲埃塞俄比亚</a>》<br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="84" data-mwtitle="Wedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Wedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/Wedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg/Wedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=aeb-arab&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="aeb-Arab" label="تونسي‪（aeb-arab）‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=am&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="am" label="አማርኛ‪（am）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=ang&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ang" label="Ænglisc‪（ang）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=ceb&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ceb" label="Cebuano‪（ceb）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=ch&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ch" label="Chamoru‪（ch）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English‪（en）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=mn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mn" label="монгол‪（mn）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=om&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="om" label="Oromoo‪（om）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=ti&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ti" label="ትግርኛ‪（ti）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AWedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg&lang=zh-hk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-HK" label="中文（香港）‪（zh-hk）‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_Ethiopia_AU_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="衣索比亞的位置"><img alt="衣索比亞的位置" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Location_Ethiopia_AU_Africa.svg/250px-Location_Ethiopia_AU_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Location_Ethiopia_AU_Africa.svg/375px-Location_Ethiopia_AU_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Location_Ethiopia_AU_Africa.svg/500px-Location_Ethiopia_AU_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">首都<div class="ib-country-largest">暨最大城市</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="亚的斯亚贝巴">亚的斯亚贝巴</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82757201">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&pagename=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&params=9_1_N_38_45_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">9°1′N</span> <span class="longitude">38°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">9.017°N 38.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">9.017; 38.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">官方语言</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="阿姆哈拉语">阿姆哈拉语</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="阿法爾語">阿法尔语</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%AB%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="奥罗莫语">奥罗莫语</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="提格雷尼亚语">提格雷尼亚语</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="索马里语">索马里语</a>（称为<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="工作语言">工作语言</a>，亦包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英语</a>）<sup id="cite_ref-Ciaethn_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ciaethn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><span class="ib-country-lang"><span class="nowrap"><b>地方语言</b></span><sup id="cite_ref-africa.upenn.edu_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-africa.upenn.edu-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Sidama language" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sidama language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidama_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidama language（页面不存在）">錫達莫語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidama_language" class="extiw" title="en:Sidama language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sidama language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Harari language" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Harari language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harari_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harari language（页面不存在）">哈拉里語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harari_language" class="extiw" title="en:Harari language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Harari language</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E6%96%B9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="官方文字">官方文字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E8%8C%B2%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="吉茲字母">吉兹字母</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" title="族群">族群</a><div class="ib-country-ethnic">（2012<sup id="cite_ref-Ciaethn_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ciaethn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="奥罗莫人">奥罗莫人</a>34.5%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E4%BA%BA" title="安哈拉人">安哈拉人</a>26.9%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="提格雷尼亚人">提格雷尼亞人</a>6.2%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%BA" title="索馬里人">索馬里人</a>6.0%</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Sidama people" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sidama people"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sidama_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sidama people（页面不存在）">錫達莫人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidama_people" class="extiw" title="en:Sidama people"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sidama people</span></a></span>）</span></span> 4.0%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="古拉格人">古拉格人</a>2.5%</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Welayta people" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Welayta people"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welayta_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Welayta people（页面不存在）">Welayta</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welayta_people" class="extiw" title="en:Welayta people"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Welayta people</span></a></span>）</span></span> 2.3%</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Hadiya people" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hadiya people"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadiya_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadiya people（页面不存在）">Hadiya</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadiya_people" class="extiw" title="en:Hadiya people"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hadiya people</span></a></span>）</span></span> 1.7%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%BA" title="阿法爾人">阿法爾人</a>1.7%</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Gamo people" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gamo people"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamo_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamo people（页面不存在）">Gamo</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamo_people" class="extiw" title="en:Gamo people"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gamo people</span></a></span>）</span></span> 1.5%</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Gedeo people" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gedeo people"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gedeo_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gedeo people（页面不存在）">Gedeo</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gedeo_people" class="extiw" title="en:Gedeo people"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gedeo people</span></a></span>）</span></span> 1.3%</li> <li>其他11.3%</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">宗教<div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">67.3% <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a><br />—43.8% <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%AD%A3%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="埃塞俄比亚正教">埃塞俄比亚正教</a><br />—22.8% <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">新教</a> <br />—0.7% <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教">天主教</a><br />31.3% <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a><br />0.6% <a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E5%82%B3%E7%B5%B1%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="非洲傳統宗教">非洲传统信仰</a><br />0.8% 其他<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">政府</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">基于民族划分的<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6" title="联邦制">联邦制</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" title="议会共和制">议会制共和国</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="埃塞俄比亚总统">总统</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E8%80%B6%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%8C%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E8%A5%BF" title="塔耶·阿茨克·塞拉西">塔耶·阿茨克·塞拉西</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="埃塞俄比亚总理">总理</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E9%82%81%E5%BE%B7" title="阿比·艾哈邁德">阿比·艾哈邁德</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">立法机构</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A_(%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A)" title="联邦议会 (埃塞俄比亚)">联邦议会</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="衣索比亞歷史">沿革</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/D%CA%BFmt" title="Dʿmt">Dʿmt</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">c. 980 <small><a href="/wiki/BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="BCE">BCE</a></small></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%8B%8F%E5%A7%86%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="阿克苏姆王国">阿克苏姆王国</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">c. 100 <small><a href="/wiki/Common_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Era">CE</a></small></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8E%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%B4%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="扎格维王朝">扎格维王朝</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">900</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="埃塞俄比亚帝国">衣索比亞帝國</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1137</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 被<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%B1%9E%E4%B8%9C%E9%9D%9E" title="意属东非">意属东非</a>吞并 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1936</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚联邦">组成联邦</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1952</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC" title="德尔格">德尔格</a>军政府 </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1974</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="衣索比亞人民民主共和國">衣索比亞人民民主共和國</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1987</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="厄立特里亚独立战争">厄立垂亞分离</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1993</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="埃塞俄比亞地理">面积</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1,104,300<sup id="cite_ref-Ciaethn_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ciaethn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>平方公里（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E9%9D%A2%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="世界各国和地区面积列表">28th</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 水域率</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.7%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="">人口</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2018年估计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">109,224,414<sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2019_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2019-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国家和地区人口列表">12th</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2007年普查</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">73,750,932<sup id="cite_ref-2007Census_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2007Census-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 密度</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">92.7/平方公里（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国家和地区人口密度列表">123rd</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">GDP</a><span style="font-weight:normal;">（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%AD%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%9B%E5%B9%B3%E4%BB%B7" title="购买力平价">PPP</a>）</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2022年估计</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3,451.38亿<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%83" title="美元">美元</a><sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOET_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOET-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 人均</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3,407美元<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOET_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOET-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">GDP</a><span style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="nowrap">（国际汇率）</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2022年估计</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1,053.25亿美元<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOET_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOET-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 人均</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1,039美元<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOET_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOET-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%BC%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%B0" title="基尼系数">基尼系数</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="color:red; font-size:larger">▲</span> 0.336<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span style="font-weight:normal;">（2011年）</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83933911">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:orange">中</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="人类发展指数">人类发展指数</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="color: #0c0; font-size:larger">▲</span> 0.470<sup id="cite_ref-UNHDR_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="nowrap">（2018年）</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732967">html:not(.skin-theme-clientpref-night) .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.isdarkmode{display:none}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.nodarkmode{display:none}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.nodarkmode{display:none}}</style><span class="ifdarkmode"><span class="nodarkmode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83933911"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:red">低</span></span><span class="isdarkmode"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83933911"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#ff3d3d">低</span></span></span></span> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各國人類發展指數列表">173rd</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">货币</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%AF%94%E7%88%BE" title="衣索比亞比爾">衣索比亞比爾</a>（<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">ETB</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">时区</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8F%E8%B0%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%97%B6" title="协调世界时">UTC</a>+3</span>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E9%9D%9E%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="东非时间">EAT</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%80%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B9%E5%90%91" title="道路通行方向">行驶方位</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">靠右</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">电话区号</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">+251</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166码</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_3166-2:ET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 3166-2:ET（页面不存在）">ET</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="國家和地區頂級域">互联网顶级域</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/.et" title=".et">.et</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="infobox" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; float: right;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:;">「Ethiopia」的各地常用譯名</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">中国大陸</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;"><span lang="zh-cn">埃塞俄比亚</span> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">臺灣</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;"><span lang="zh-tw">衣索比亞</span> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; background-color:; width:4em;;">港澳</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap; font-size: 1rem;;"><span lang="zh-hk">埃塞俄比亞</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right" style="width:22em;font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ge%27ez.svg/65px-Ge%27ez.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ge%27ez.svg/98px-Ge%27ez.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Ge%27ez.svg/130px-Ge%27ez.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="232" data-file-height="102" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>本页面有<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E8%8C%B2%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="吉茲字母">吉茲字母</a></b>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="操作系统">操作系统</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B5%E6%B5%8F%E8%A7%88%E5%99%A8" title="网页浏览器">浏览器</a>須<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support_(Ethiopic)" class="extiw" title="en:Help:Multilingual support (Ethiopic)">支持特殊字母与符号</a>才能正確显示为吉茲字母，否则可能變成<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%82%E7%A2%BC" title="亂碼">乱码</a>、问号、空格等其它符号。</div></div> </div> <p><b>衣索比亞联邦民主共和国</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿姆哈拉語">阿姆哈拉語</a>：<span lang="am">የኢትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁化">拉丁化</a>：<span lang="am-Latn" title="阿姆哈拉语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">ye’ītiyop’iya federalawī dīmokirasīyawī rīpebilīki</span>），简称<b>衣索比亞</b>（<span lang="am">ኢትዮጵያ</span>，<span lang="am-Latn" title="阿姆哈拉语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">ʾĪtyōṗṗyā</span>，<span class="unicode haudio"><span class="fn"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/86\/Ityopya.ogg\/Ityopya.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"\u8bfb\u97f3"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"zh","wikibase":"","file":"Ityopya.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/Ityopya.ogg/Ityopya.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="播放音频" title="播放音频" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">读音</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Ityopya.ogg" title="File:Ityopya.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>）或<b>埃塞</b>，是位於<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E4%B9%8B%E8%A7%92" title="非洲之角">非洲之角</a>的主權國家。北部與東北部與<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="厄立特里亚">厄立特里亚</a>接壤，東部與<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提">吉布提</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="索马里">索马里</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0" title="索马里兰">索马里兰</a> （索马里宣稱為該國領土）接壤，西部與<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="苏丹">苏丹</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="南苏丹">南苏丹</a>接壤，南部與<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="肯尼亚">肯尼亚</a>接壤。埃塞俄比亚有超过1億居民，是全球人口最多的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E9%99%B8%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="內陸國家">內陸國家</a>，亦為人口第二多的非洲國家（僅次於<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="尼日利亚">尼日利亚</a>）。國土面積為110萬平方公里，首都及最大城市是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="亚的斯亚贝巴">亚的斯亚贝巴</a>。 </p><p>衣索比亞於距今100萬年前的<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="舊石器時代">舊石器時代</a>早期已有人類活動，並於公元1世紀左右出現最早的王國記載。中世紀時<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%AF%94%E6%B2%99%E4%BA%BA" title="哈比沙人">哈比沙人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="阿姆哈拉人">阿姆哈拉人</a>先後在此建立基督教王朝。19世紀初列强<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%9C%E5%88%86%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="瓜分非洲">瓜分非洲</a>，埃塞俄比亚在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="第一次義大利衣索比亞戰爭">與義大利王國的戰爭</a>中獲勝，成為當時極少數未遭列強殖民的非洲國家<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，並維持獨立至<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E7%B4%A2%E9%87%8C%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="墨索里尼">墨索里尼</a>發動<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="第二次義大利衣索比亞戰爭">第二次義衣戰爭</a>為止。二戰結束後，衣索比亞在復國時主張對厄立特里亚的統轄權，後者展開了長期的抵抗。1974年，<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="门格斯图">门格斯图</a>等軍官發動<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98" class="mw-redirect" title="军事政变">軍事政變</a>推翻<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="埃塞俄比亚君主列表">末代皇帝</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="海尔·塞拉西一世">海爾·塞拉西一世</a>，建立<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC" title="德尔格">军政府</a>，宣布走<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="社會主義">社會主義</a>道路<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1991年，亲<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="阿尔巴尼亚社会主义人民共和国">阿尔巴尼亚</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E6%9F%A5%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="霍查派">霍查派</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="埃塞俄比亚内战">内战</a>中獲勝，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="埃塞俄比亚人民革命民主阵线">埃塞俄比亚人民革命民主阵线</a>（埃革阵）上台执政<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。自那時起，衣索比亞就長期處在未能解決的種族間衝突和以民主倒退導致的政治不穩定。自2018年起，區域及民族派閥發動席捲全國的多起武裝行動，2019年底，埃革阵改组为<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E8%8D%A3%E5%85%9A" title="繁荣党">繁荣党</a>繼續執政，並正式與交火數十年的厄立特里亚和解。然而繁荣党改組時各族裔間的矛盾浮上檯面，導致了隔年<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="提格雷战争">提格雷战争</a>的爆發。 </p><p>衣索比亞是一個多民族國家，有80多個不同民族。基督教是該國最廣泛信仰的信仰，也有相當數量的伊斯蘭教信徒，少數人信仰傳統信仰。這個主權國家是聯合國、24國集團、不結盟運動、77國集團和非洲統一組織的創始成員。首都阿迪斯亞貝巴是非洲聯盟、泛非工商會、聯合國非洲經濟委員會、非洲待命部隊以及許多關注非洲的全球非政府組織的總部。衣索比亞於2024年成為金磚國家正式成員。衣索比亞是最不發達國家之一，但有時被認為是新興勢力，因為外國在該國投資了農業和製造業，使得該國擁有在撒哈拉以南國家中最高的經濟成長率；農業是該國經濟中最重要的部分，在2022年佔國內生產毛額的37％以上。然而，就人均所得和人類發展指數而言，該國被視為貧窮國家，貧窮率很高，在人權方面表現不佳，種族歧視普遍存在，而且識字率僅有49％。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="國名"><span id=".E5.9C.8B.E5.90.8D"></span>國名</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：國名"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>埃塞俄比亞的名稱於自<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘文">希臘文</a>“Αἰθιοπία”（源於Αἰθίοψ，Aithiops，即埃塞俄比亞人），該字由αἴθω（<i>aitho</i>“燒焦”）和ὤψ（<i>ops</i>“面部”）兩個希臘詞彙合成，意思就是“曬黑的面”，形容非洲棕黑種人的膚色<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。古希臘歷史學家<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="希羅多德">希羅多德</a>採用了該字來代表<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0" title="撒哈拉沙漠">撒哈拉沙漠</a>以南的地區。<sup id="cite_ref-Herodotus1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herodotus1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在希臘羅馬時代，大概從公元前850年開始，“埃塞俄比亞”是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="努比亚">努比亞</a>地區的別稱，到了三世紀<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%8B%8F%E5%A7%86%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克苏姆帝国">阿克蘇姆帝國</a>征服了努比亞地區，又成為了阿克蘇姆人對國家的稱呼<sup id="cite_ref-Hatke_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hatke-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。到了二十世紀，“埃塞俄比亞”正式成為國際通用的國家稱呼。 </p><p>另外，埃塞俄比亞的舊國名<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="阿比西尼亚">阿比西尼亞</a>（Abyssinia）是拉丁化的當地人自稱<i>Ḥbštm</i>和<i>Ḥbśt</i>（Ḥabashat）<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉伯語">阿拉伯語</a>它演變成<i>Ḥabasha</i>，在<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塞巴語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sabaean language"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E5%B7%B4%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塞巴語（页面不存在）">塞巴語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabaean_language" class="extiw" title="en:Sabaean language"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sabaean language</span></a></span>）</span></span>則演變成「'ḥbs」（'Aḥbāsh）<sup id="cite_ref-Hatke_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hatke-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="衣索比亞歷史">埃塞俄比亚历史</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="古代"><span id=".E5.8F.A4.E4.BB.A3"></span>古代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：古代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="古埃及">古埃及</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="古王國時期">古王國時期</a>有一些關於該地的記錄。埃及商人约公元前3000年称<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="努比亚">努比亚</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E6%96%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="库施">库施</a>的南部为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8B%E7%89%B9%E4%B9%8B%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="朋特之地">朋特之地</a>和Yam。 <i>Richard Pankhurst</i>指出，早在第一王朝或第二王朝时古埃及人就拥有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%A1%E8%8D%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="没药">没药</a>（出产自<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8B%E7%89%B9%E4%B9%8B%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="朋特之地">朋特之地</a>）, 所以在古埃及时，两处已存在贸易。<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%B7" title="詹姆斯·亨利·布雷斯特德">詹姆斯·亨利·布雷斯特德</a>假设可以通过陆路达到<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%BD%97%E6%B2%B3" title="尼罗河">尼罗河</a>和它的支流（即<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E5%B0%BC%E7%BD%97%E6%B2%B3" title="青尼罗河">青尼罗河</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%89%B9%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89" title="阿特巴拉">阿特巴拉</a>）来实现这种早期贸易。 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希腊</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="历史学家">历史学家</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" title="地理學家">地理学家</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%BD%E6%92%92%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF" title="阿伽撒尔基德斯">阿伽撒尔基德斯</a>曾记载早期古埃及的航海:“在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="古王國時期">古王國時期</a>的繁荣时期, 在前30世纪与前25世纪期间, 为了控制<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%BD%97%E6%B2%B3" title="尼罗河">尼罗河</a>航线，古埃及的<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%B9" title="船">船</a>最远航行到<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E6%B5%B7" title="红海">红海</a>的出产<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%A1%E8%8D%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="没药">没药</a>的国家。”<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E6%9D%A5%E5%9C%A3%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="希伯来圣经">希伯来圣经</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E7%8E%8B%E7%B4%80_(%E8%81%96%E7%B6%93)" title="列王紀 (聖經)">列王紀上</a>》第10章中記載，公元前1000年左右，非洲曾經有一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BA%E5%B7%B4%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="示巴女王">示巴女王</a>由於<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="所羅門王">所羅門王</a>的知識而來訪<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="以色列王國">以色列王國</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中古與近世"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.8F.A4.E8.88.87.E8.BF.91.E4.B8.96"></span>中古與近世</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：中古與近世"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ET_Gondar_asv2018-02_img03_Fasil_Ghebbi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/ET_Gondar_asv2018-02_img03_Fasil_Ghebbi.jpg/210px-ET_Gondar_asv2018-02_img03_Fasil_Ghebbi.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/ET_Gondar_asv2018-02_img03_Fasil_Ghebbi.jpg/315px-ET_Gondar_asv2018-02_img03_Fasil_Ghebbi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/ET_Gondar_asv2018-02_img03_Fasil_Ghebbi.jpg/420px-ET_Gondar_asv2018-02_img03_Fasil_Ghebbi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5304" data-file-height="4243" /></a><figcaption>位於<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A2%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE" title="貢德爾">貢德爾</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94%E7%9B%96%E6%AF%94" title="法西尔盖比">法西爾蓋比</a>城堡，已被列入聯合國教科文組織世界遺產</figcaption></figure> <p>埃塞俄比亚最早可考的政權是活躍於公元1-7世紀的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%8B%8F%E5%A7%86%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克苏姆帝国">阿克蘇姆帝國</a>。13世纪，阿姆哈拉人建立<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E7%BD%97%E9%97%A8%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="所罗门王朝">所羅門王朝</a>，展開對<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="埃塞俄比亚帝国">阿比西尼亞王国</a>持續近700餘年的統治，中世紀的阿比西尼亞為東非一大強國，領土達至現今的<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇丹">蘇丹</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="索馬里">索馬里</a>，並在16世纪先後擊退了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥斯曼帝国">奥斯曼帝国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a>人的入侵。 </p><p>19世纪初，古老的帝國已分裂为许多公国，史称“<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%90%E7%BA%B7%E4%BA%89%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="王子纷争时代">王子纷争时代</a>”，期間<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利">義大利</a>的殖民者先後將勢力伸入此地。1855年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A2%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE" title="貢德爾">貢德爾</a>的領主<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%83%E5%BE%B7%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="特沃德羅斯二世">特沃德羅斯二世</a>擊敗各地諸侯，重新統一衣國登基稱帝。1889年，流亡貴族<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%B0%BC%E5%88%A9%E5%85%8B%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="孟尼利克二世">孟尼利克二世</a>在義大利的扶植下取得政權，並正式确立埃塞俄比亚国名。隔年，由於雙方對<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="烏查里條約" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Treaty of Wuchale"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%8F%E6%9F%A5%E9%87%8C%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="烏查里條約（页面不存在）">烏查里條約</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Wuchale" class="extiw" title="en:Treaty of Wuchale"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Treaty of Wuchale</span></a></span>）</span></span>的歧見，<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="第一次義大利衣索比亞戰爭">第一次義衣戰爭</a>爆發，在長達6年的對抗後，衣索比亞擊敗義大利，並被後者承認為主權獨立國家。 </p><p>1936年，義大利總理<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E7%B4%A2%E9%87%8C%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="墨索里尼">墨索里尼</a>策畫了<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="第二次義大利衣索比亞戰爭">第二次義衣戰爭</a>，此戰中義軍曾使用<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%A5%E5%AD%90%E6%AF%92%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="芥子毒氣">芥子毒氣</a>，時任衣國皇帝的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="海尔·塞拉西一世">海尔·塞拉西一世</a>流亡英國。直至1941年，義大利在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="二战">二战</a>东非战场上被英军击败、殖民地厄立特里亚被英国托管後，塞拉西一世才回到首都复位，並在政治上彻底倒向美英。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="冷戰時期"><span id=".E5.86.B7.E6.88.B0.E6.99.82.E6.9C.9F"></span>冷戰時期</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：冷戰時期"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>二战结束后，美国大力扶持埃塞俄比亚帝国，雙方签订了十多个军事和经济协定，前者在該國设立基地、派駐军事顾问小组、並提供1.5亿美元的军援（占当时美国对全非洲军援的一半），埃塞俄比亚由此建立起一支较為现代化的部队。1950年6月，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="朝鲜战争">朝鲜战争</a>爆发，埃塞俄比亚立即宣布支援<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B" title="联合国军">联合国军</a>。 </p><p>1951年12月2日，在美国等国支持下联合国大会通过390号决议，英国对厄立特里亚的托管结束，1952年9月15日组成<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%92%8C%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="埃塞俄比亞和厄立特里亞聯邦">埃塞俄比亞和厄立特里亞聯邦</a>，厄立特里亚保有相當程度的自治，諸如行政权（包括警察與税收等内务）、立法权、司法权和单独的旗帜。<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1962年，塞拉西一世宣布解散厄立垂亞議會，埃塞俄比亚逕自将厄立特里亚改为轄下的一省，激起當地人民反抗。於此稍早建立的地方組織“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="厄立特里亚解放阵线">厄解阵</a>”与之后成立的“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="厄立特里亚人民解放阵线">厄人阵</a>”先后成為抵抗軍主力，埃塞俄比亚與其展開長達30年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="厄立特里亚独立战争">战争</a>。 </p><p>1974年，在嚴重饑荒下，埃塞俄比亚发生军事政变废黜皇帝，“<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC" title="德尔格">德尔格</a>”政权建立，由<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="门格斯图">门格斯图</a>掌握实权。1978年，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="埃塞俄比亚内战">内战</a>中德尔格政权转向苏联，获得大量苏援。然而，门格斯图政府的經濟政策對國家造成嚴重的損害，埃塞俄比亚在80年代出現前所未有的饑荒，各國為了抒解當地災情而舉辦了一個超大型演唱會募款，並由<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%81%E5%85%8B%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%82%91%E5%85%8B%E9%81%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="邁克爾·傑克遜">邁克爾·傑克遜</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E6%98%82%E7%BA%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%87" title="莱昂纳尔·里奇">莱昂纳尔·里奇</a>為大會作了一首主題曲《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E5%AE%B6" title="天下一家">天下一家</a>》；埃塞俄比亚該次災情使世界關注到<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="第三世界">第三世界</a>武器氾濫，以及富裕國家的經濟壟斷造成的全球經濟失衡，引致1980年代的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E8%89%B2%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="绿色运动">綠色運動</a>思潮。1987年9月，該國更名为“<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="埃塞俄比亚人民民主共和国">埃塞俄比亚人民民主共和国</a>”。1989年9月，在埃塞俄比亚的苏联顾问与古巴军人全部撤出。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="現代"><span id=".E7.8F.BE.E4.BB.A3"></span>現代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：現代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>经过多年<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="埃塞俄比亚内战">内战</a>，1991年5月28日，门格斯图政权被亲<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="阿尔巴尼亚社会主义人民共和国">阿尔巴尼亚</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E6%9F%A5%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="霍查派">霍查派</a>掌握的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="埃塞俄比亚人民革命民主阵线">埃塞俄比亚人民革命民主阵线</a>（埃革阵）武装推翻。埃革阵组建<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="埃塞俄比亚过渡政府">埃塞俄比亚过渡政府</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%BD%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4" title="梅莱斯·泽纳维">梅莱斯·泽纳维</a>任<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="埃塞俄比亚总统">临时总统</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="厄立特里亚人民解放阵线">厄立特里亚人民解放阵线</a>（厄人陣）也组建厄立特里亚过渡自治政府。1993年，两年过渡期满，厄立特里亚经全民公决，脱离埃塞俄比亚独立。1994年，埃塞俄比亚制定新宪法，明确规定各民族拥有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B1%BA" title="民族自決">自决</a>权利。1995年8月，新宪法生效，改国名为“埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国”，為內閣制國家。梅莱斯自1995年起，一直擔任<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="埃塞俄比亚总理">埃塞俄比亞總理</a>一職直至其逝世。 </p><p>1997年，厄人陣与衣革陣雙方高層決裂，厄國开始推行自己的货币“<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E5%85%8B%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="纳克法">纳克法</a>”。隔年5月<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A-%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="埃塞俄比亚-厄立特里亚战争">埃厄战争</a>爆发，造成了共計約7萬人的死傷<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。最終埃厄雙方於2000年6月停火，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%89%99" title="海牙">海牙</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E8%AE%BE%E4%BB%B2%E8%A3%81%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="常设仲裁法院">常設仲裁法院</a>判定大部分爭議領土歸於厄利垂亞。 </p><p>進入21世紀，受益於政情基本穩定以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1" title="咖啡">咖啡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B9%E8%8F%9C%E7%B1%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="油菜籽">油菜籽</a>等經濟作物出口成長<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，衣索比亞進入了一段發展期，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A7%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A2%E7%B8%BD%E5%80%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="國內生產總值">國內生產總值</a>（GDP）大幅增長，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="世界銀行">世界銀行</a>統計衣國在2004年至2014年期間以每年平均10.9％的速度快速增加<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2011年，<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E4%B9%8B%E8%A7%92" title="非洲之角">非洲之角</a>地區由於長年戰亂以及大規模旱災爆發<a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E4%B9%8B%E8%A7%92%E9%A5%A5%E8%8D%92" title="2011年非洲之角饥荒">嚴重饑荒</a>，許多索馬利亞人逃入衣索比亞，其影響直至隔年才逐漸回復。 </p><p>2014至2016年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%AC%B0%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1" title="聖嬰現象">聖嬰現象</a>帶來的不規則降雨使<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="衣索比亞高原">衣索比亞高原</a>陷入先旱後澇的情況，農牧業受到普遍影響，農民的不滿使衣國抗議及衝突頻傳，並使以往在衣索比亞不明顯的種族問題浮上檯面。2016年衝突加劇，在北部，佔衣國總人口三分之二的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="奥罗莫人">奧羅莫人</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E4%BA%BA" title="安哈拉人">安哈拉人</a>，對僅約總人口6%<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA" title="提格利尼亞人">提格利尼亞人</a>長期執政產生埋怨，爆發了<a href="/wiki/2016%E5%B9%B4%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%8A%97%E8%AE%AE" title="2016年埃塞俄比亚抗议">大規模抗議</a>並遭到武力鎮壓；在南部，奧羅莫人與<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%BA" title="索馬里人">索馬利亞人</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E5%BE%B7%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" title="蓋德奧地區">蓋德奧地區</a>原住民之間長期的土地糾紛演化為暴力行動，奧羅莫、索馬利亞和蓋德奧都出現大量逃亡的難民。 </p><p>2018年，曾任職衣國網路安全局（Ethiopian Information Network Security Agency, INSA）的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E9%82%81%E5%BE%B7" title="阿比·艾哈邁德">阿比·艾哈邁德</a>當選埃塞俄比亚總理，他走訪厄利垂亞並宣布解除雙方敵對關係<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，並解除了衣國原先對大部分網站的封鎖。然而同年<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="奥罗莫人">奧羅莫人</a>與蓋德奧原住民之間再次<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="爆發嚴重衝突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gedeo–Oromo clashes"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%86%E7%99%BC%E5%9A%B4%E9%87%8D%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爆發嚴重衝突（页面不存在）">爆發嚴重衝突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gedeo%E2%80%93Oromo_clashes" class="extiw" title="en:Gedeo–Oromo clashes"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gedeo–Oromo clashes</span></a></span>）</span></span>，此次紛爭迫使140萬蓋德奧人出逃，為該年全球最大規模的難民潮<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。衣國國防部在當年2月至6月期間宣布了國家緊急狀態。面對不同族群間頻發的衝突，衣國政府最終宣布將在2020年8月16日舉行大選，諸如<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E" title="索馬里州">索馬利亞州</a>州長<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆斯塔法·穆罕默德·奥梅尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mustafa Muhummed Omer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%B3%95%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆斯塔法·穆罕默德·奥梅尔（页面不存在）">穆斯塔法·穆罕默德·奥梅尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustafa_Muhummed_Omer" class="extiw" title="en:Mustafa Muhummed Omer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mustafa Muhummed Omer</span></a></span>）</span></span>等衣國各派系異見領袖亦參選<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。因<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%86%A0%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="新冠肺炎">疫情</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="提格雷战争">內戰</a>影響該場大選被迫延期, 各州分別於<a href="/wiki/2021%E5%B9%B4%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="2021年埃塞俄比亞大選">2021年6月、9月方才舉行選舉</a>。 </p><p>2019年6月，總理阿比發表緊急談話宣告<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E7%B1%B3%E7%B4%90%C2%B7%E9%BD%8A%E6%A0%BC" title="阿薩米紐·齊格">阿薩米紐·齊格</a>發動的軍事政變失敗，當時衣國網路遭到管控而中斷<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>2020年11月，埃塞俄比亚联邦政府和<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="提格雷人民解放阵线">提格雷人民解放阵线</a>之间爆发<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="提格雷战争">提格雷战争</a>。直至2021年底雙方停戰前，交火已造成10餘萬名死傷，以及200萬人的難民潮。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地理"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86"></span>地理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：地理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="埃塞俄比亞地理">衣索比亞地理</a></div> <p>埃塞俄比亚面积1,104,300平方公里<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，三分之二地区为<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="衣索比亞高原">埃塞俄比亚高原</a>，一般海拔2500～3000-米，在非洲各国中平均地势最高；东南属索马里高地；东非大裂谷纵贯全境中部；沙漠和半沙漠占领土的28%。 </p><p>自1993年5月<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E5%88%A9%E5%9E%82%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="厄利垂亞">厄利垂亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E5%8A%83)" title="省 (行政區劃)">省</a>獨立建國之後，埃塞俄比亚成為一個<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E9%99%B8%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="內陸國">內陸國</a>，鄰國有<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提">吉布提</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E5%88%A9%E5%9E%82%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="厄利垂亞">厄利垂亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇丹共和國">蘇丹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="南蘇丹">南蘇丹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="肯尼亞">肯尼亞</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="索馬利亞">索馬里</a>。首都在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9E%E8%B2%9D%E5%B7%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="亞的斯亞貝巴">亞的斯亞貝巴</a>。另外，與肯亞、南蘇丹交界的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊雷米三角" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ilemi Triangle"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E9%9B%B7%E7%B1%B3%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊雷米三角（页面不存在）">伊雷米三角</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilemi_Triangle" class="extiw" title="en:Ilemi Triangle"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ilemi Triangle</span></a></span>）</span></span>，埃塞俄比亚及南蘇丹各自宣稱擁有主權和管轄權，現由肯亞管轄。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="气候"><span id=".E6.B0.94.E5.80.99"></span>气候</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：气候"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%B8%A6%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" class="mw-redirect" title="热带草原气候">热带草原气候</a>和亚热带森林气候为主，兼有山地和热带沙漠气候。 </p><p>年降水量从西部高原的1500毫米向东北、东南递减到500毫米。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水文"><span id=".E6.B0.B4.E6.96.87"></span>水文</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：水文"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88%E5%A4%A7%E5%A3%A9" title="埃塞俄比亞復興大壩">埃塞俄比亚复兴大坝</a></div> <p>境内多河流、湖泊，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%B4%8D%E6%B9%96" title="塔納湖">塔纳湖</a>为最大的湖泊。西北有<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E5%B0%BC%E7%BE%85%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="藍尼羅河">藍尼羅河</a>流經。西南有奧摩河經過，最後流入图爾卡納湖。藍尼羅河發源于衣索比亞，也是整條尼羅河最大的水量來源。1990年代衣索比亞欲向非洲發展銀行貸款以修建水库，卻被尼羅河下游的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a>用外交勢力否決，後來向<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>貸款才獲得修建水庫的經費。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="政治"><span id=".E6.94.BF.E6.B2.BB"></span>政治</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：政治"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82553231">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important;padding:0!important}}.mw-parser-output table.multicol{border:0;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;padding:0}.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tbody>tr>td{vertical-align:top!important}</style> <div>   <table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr> <td style="width: 20%;text-align: left;vertical-align: top;"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emperor_Menelik_II.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Emperor_Menelik_II.png/150px-Emperor_Menelik_II.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Emperor_Menelik_II.png/225px-Emperor_Menelik_II.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Emperor_Menelik_II.png/300px-Emperor_Menelik_II.png 2x" data-file-width="4371" data-file-height="5445" /></a><figcaption>埃塞俄比亚皇帝<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%B0%BC%E5%88%A9%E5%85%8B%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="孟尼利克二世">孟尼利克二世</a>（1889年－1913年在位）</figcaption></figure> <p>  </p> </td> <td style="width: 20%;text-align: left;vertical-align: top;"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Image_HaileSelassieIthefirst.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Image_HaileSelassieIthefirst.jpg/150px-Image_HaileSelassieIthefirst.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Image_HaileSelassieIthefirst.jpg/225px-Image_HaileSelassieIthefirst.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Image_HaileSelassieIthefirst.jpg 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>發表演說的皇帝<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="海尔·塞拉西">海爾·塞拉西</a>（1930年－1974年在位）</figcaption></figure> <p>  </p> </td> <td style="width: 20%;text-align: left;vertical-align: top;"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mengistu_Haile_Mariam_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam_4.jpg/150px-Mengistu_Haile_Mariam_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam_4.jpg/225px-Mengistu_Haile_Mariam_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam_4.jpg/300px-Mengistu_Haile_Mariam_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="442" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC" title="德尔格">德爾格</a>政權領袖<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="门格斯图">門格斯圖</a>（1977年－1991年在任）</figcaption></figure> <p>  </p> </td> <td style="width: 20%;text-align: left;vertical-align: top;"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meles_Zenawi_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Meles_Zenawi_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012.jpg/150px-Meles_Zenawi_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Meles_Zenawi_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012.jpg/225px-Meles_Zenawi_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Meles_Zenawi_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012.jpg/300px-Meles_Zenawi_-_World_Economic_Forum_on_Africa_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2367" data-file-height="3551" /></a><figcaption>埃塞俄比亚前總理<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%BD%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4" title="梅莱斯·泽纳维">梅莱斯·泽纳维</a>（1995年－2012年在任）</figcaption></figure> <p>  </p> </td> <td style="width: 20%;text-align: left;vertical-align: top;"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abiy_Ahmed_during_state_visit_of_Reuven_Rivlin_to_Ethiopia,_May_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Abiy_Ahmed_during_state_visit_of_Reuven_Rivlin_to_Ethiopia%2C_May_2018.jpg/150px-Abiy_Ahmed_during_state_visit_of_Reuven_Rivlin_to_Ethiopia%2C_May_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Abiy_Ahmed_during_state_visit_of_Reuven_Rivlin_to_Ethiopia%2C_May_2018.jpg/225px-Abiy_Ahmed_during_state_visit_of_Reuven_Rivlin_to_Ethiopia%2C_May_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Abiy_Ahmed_during_state_visit_of_Reuven_Rivlin_to_Ethiopia%2C_May_2018.jpg/300px-Abiy_Ahmed_during_state_visit_of_Reuven_Rivlin_to_Ethiopia%2C_May_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="716" data-file-height="945" /></a><figcaption>埃塞俄比亚總理<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%93%88%E9%82%81%E5%BE%B7" title="阿比·艾哈邁德">阿比·艾哈邁德</a>（2018年至今在任）</figcaption></figure> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>1994年12月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%B6%E5%AE%AA%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="制宪会议">制宪会议</a>通过《埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国宪法》，决定改國體为<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6" title="联邦制">联邦制</a>；政體实行<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%9D%83%E5%88%86%E7%AB%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="三权分立">三权分立</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%86%85%E9%98%81%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="议会内阁制">議會內閣制</a>，實行<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%95%99%E5%88%86%E7%A6%BB" title="政教分离">政教分离</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="埃塞俄比亚总统">总统</a>为<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" class="mw-redirect" title="国家元首">国家元首</a>，由人民代表院提名，经<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E9%99%A2_(%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联邦院 (埃塞俄比亚)（页面不存在）">联邦院</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E9%99%A2" title="人民代表院">人民代表院</a>三分之二多数同意后通过，任期为6年，最多可连任两届。<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86" title="总理">总理</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" class="mw-redirect" title="内阁">内阁</a>拥有最高执行权力，由多数党或多党联合<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%84%E9%98%81" class="mw-redirect" title="组阁">组阁</a>，集体向人民代表院负责。联邦议会由人民代表院和联邦院组成。人民代表院系联邦立法和最高权力机构，由选民直选产生的547名<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE%E5%91%98" title="国会议员">议员</a>组成，少数民族至少占20席，任期五年。联邦院拥有宪法解释权，以及裁决<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B1%BA" title="民族自決">民族自决</a>或分离、各州间纠纷等权力，由大约117名各民族代表组成，每个民族至少有一位代表，此外每百万人口可增选一名代表，由各州议会推选或人民直选产生，任期五年。各民族平等自治，享有民族自决和分离权，任何一个民族的立法机构以三分之二多数通过分离要求后，联邦政府应在3年内组织该族进行公决，多数赞成即可脱离联邦。各州可以本族语言为州工作语言<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="埃塞俄比亚人民革命民主阵线">埃塞俄比亚人民革命民主阵线</a>执政的政府成立后，积极与反對黨接触、对话，致力于政治和解，制定和实施五年发展计划，执政地位得到巩固，<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%BD%E7%BA%B3%E7%BB%B4" title="梅莱斯·泽纳维">梅莱斯</a>始终担任主席。创建以<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="民族联邦制" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ethnic federalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="民族联邦制（页面不存在）">民族联邦制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_federalism" class="extiw" title="en:Ethnic federalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ethnic federalism</span></a></span>）</span></span>为基础的联邦政体，以发展经济为重点，注重协调稳定、发展和民族团结三者间关系。2001年埃革阵“四大”通过新党章、党纲，确立了各民族平等参与国家事务的“革命民主”和“资本主义自由<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="市場經濟">市場經濟</a>”的政经发展方向。埃塞俄比亚经常在首都和多民族混居区域的主要城市发生暴力活动，造成流血冲突。<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>埃革阵政府曾长期努力推动政治与社会和谐，促进内部稳定，并大赦反政府组织领导人。2019年，埃革阵主体部分改组为<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E8%8D%A3%E5%85%9A" title="繁荣党">繁荣党</a>，但掌控政权长达27年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF" title="提格雷人民解放阵线">提格雷人民解放阵线</a>拒绝加入。<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>衣索比亞國會傳統運作方式，是由規模大的民族黨團主導，<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>改革后的不满情绪滋生，虽然政府控制局势能力较强，政局总体保持稳定，但基于民族的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%A6%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="分离主义">分离主义</a>反政府武装在边远地区制造<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E8%A2%AD%E5%87%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="恐怖袭击">恐怖袭击</a>事件，局部地区安全的形势有所恶化。<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外交"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E4.BA.A4"></span>外交</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：外交"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="衣索比亞外交" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Foreign relations of Ethiopia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="衣索比亞外交（页面不存在）">衣索比亞外交</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ethiopia" class="extiw" title="en:Foreign relations of Ethiopia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Foreign relations of Ethiopia</span></a></span>）</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Empty_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此章节<b>尚無任何内容，需要<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=9">扩充</a></b>。 <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2023年2月18日</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="軍事"><span id=".E8.BB.8D.E4.BA.8B"></span>軍事</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：軍事"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E5%86%9B" title="埃塞俄比亚国防军">埃塞俄比亚国防军</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%88%B0%E4%BA%8B_(2006%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B32009%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="索馬利亞戰事 (2006年至2009年)">索馬利亞戰事 (2006年至2009年)</a></div> <p>埃塞俄比亚的军队是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E5%86%9B" title="埃塞俄比亚国防军">埃塞俄比亚国防军</a>。由于2000年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8E%84%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="埃厄战争">埃厄战争</a>之<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="厄立特里亚">厄立特里亚</a>的一方的影响，埃塞俄比亚的领土大小受到了波动，2002年埃军的兵力为40万人。这个数字是1991年<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC" title="德尔格">德尔格</a>政权垮台之后的首次披露的相关数据。然而，这个数据还比真实数据少——2007年1月的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%88%B0%E4%BA%8B_(2006%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B32009%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="索馬利亞戰事 (2006年至2009年)">索马里战争</a>，埃军宣称有30万的军队。 </p><p>埃军由3个部分组成：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E9%99%86%E5%86%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃塞俄比亚陆军（页面不存在）">埃塞俄比亚陆军</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="衣索比亞空軍">埃塞俄比亚空军</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃塞俄比亚警察部队（页面不存在）">埃塞俄比亚警察部队</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃塞俄比亚民兵（页面不存在）">埃塞俄比亚民兵</a>。因其为一个<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E9%99%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="内陆国家">内陆国家</a>，埃塞俄比亚没有海军。但在1950年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="埃塞俄比亚和厄立特里亚联邦">埃塞俄比亚与厄立特里亚组成联邦</a>，在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E6%B5%B7" title="红海">红海</a>占有了一道海岸线，遂1955年组建了<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="埃塞俄比亚海军">埃塞俄比亚海军</a>。直到1991年，厄立特里亚独立分离埃塞俄比亚内陆时，此军队才解散。埃塞俄比亚今日拥有几个维修武器的工业防御组织，它们大多数都是在德尔格政权下为建立军工混成集团制定计划的制造业机构。 </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="行政區劃"><span id=".E8.A1.8C.E6.94.BF.E5.8D.80.E5.8A.83"></span>行政區劃</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：行政區劃"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="埃塞俄比亚行政区划">埃塞俄比亚行政区划</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regions_of_Ethiopia_EN.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Regions_of_Ethiopia_EN.svg/500px-Regions_of_Ethiopia_EN.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="405" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Regions_of_Ethiopia_EN.svg/750px-Regions_of_Ethiopia_EN.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Regions_of_Ethiopia_EN.svg/1000px-Regions_of_Ethiopia_EN.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1843" data-file-height="1494" /></a><figcaption>衣索比亞行政區劃（2023年8月前）</figcaption></figure> <p>衣索比亞劃分為12個州和2個特别市： </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" width="100%" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>級別 </th> <th>名稱 </th> <th>英文 </th> <th>人口 </th> <th>面積<br />（平方公里） </th> <th>人口密度<br />（每平方公里） </th> <th>首府 </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="12"><b>州</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿法爾州">阿法爾州</a> </td> <td>Afar </td> <td>1,389,004 </td> <td>96,707 </td> <td>14.36 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%A2%85%E6%8B%89" title="塞梅拉">塞梅拉</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E" title="阿姆哈拉州">阿姆哈拉州</a> </td> <td>Amhara </td> <td>19,120,005 </td> <td>159,173.66 </td> <td>120.12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE" title="巴赫達爾">巴赫达尔</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%9A%E5%8F%A4%E5%8B%92-%E5%8F%A4%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%B2%E5%B7%9E" title="本尚古勒-古馬茲州">本尚古勒-古馬茲州</a> </td> <td>Benishangul-Gumuz </td> <td>625,000 </td> <td>49,289.46 </td> <td>12.68 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B4%A2%E8%90%A8" title="阿索萨">阿索萨</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%B2%9D%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E" title="甘貝拉州">甘貝拉州</a> </td> <td>Gambela </td> <td>247,000 </td> <td>25,802.01 </td> <td>9.57 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%B4%9D%E6%8B%89" title="甘贝拉">甘贝拉</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8B%92%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%9E" title="哈勒爾州">哈勒爾州</a> </td> <td>Harari </td> <td>196,000 </td> <td>311.25 </td> <td>629.72 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8B%92%E5%B0%94" title="哈勒尔">哈勒尔</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%BE%85%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E" title="奧羅米亞州">奧羅米亞州</a> </td> <td>Oromia </td> <td>26,553,000 </td> <td>353,006.81 </td> <td>75.22 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%81%94%E7%91%AA_(%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A)" title="阿達瑪 (埃塞俄比亚)">阿达玛</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E" title="索馬里州">索馬里州</a> </td> <td>Somali </td> <td>4,329,001 </td> <td>279,252 </td> <td>15.5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%90%89%E5%8A%A0" title="吉吉加">吉吉加</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E3%80%81%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD%E5%92%8C%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%B7%9E" title="南方民族、部落和人民州">南方州</a> </td> <td>South </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%A4%9A" title="索多">索多</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="提格雷州">提格雷州</a> </td> <td>Tigray </td> <td>4,334,996 </td> <td>50,078.64 </td> <td>86.56 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A" title="默克萊">默克莱</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E9%81%94%E9%A6%AC%E5%B7%9E" title="錫達馬州">锡达马州</a> </td> <td>Sidama </td> <td> </td> <td>～12,000 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%A6%E8%96%A9" title="阿瓦薩">阿瓦萨</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%97%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="西南州">西南州</a> </td> <td>South West </td> <td> </td> <td>～39,400 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E5%8A%A0" title="邦加">邦加</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>中衣索比亞州 </td> <td>Central </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>霍薩納 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><b>特別市</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9E%E8%B2%9D%E5%B7%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="亞的斯亞貝巴">亞的斯亞貝巴</a> </td> <td>Addis Ababa </td> <td>3,147,000 </td> <td>530.14 </td> <td>5,936.2 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%B7%E8%BE%BE%E7%93%A6" title="德雷达瓦">德雷達瓦</a> </td> <td>Dire Dawa </td> <td>398,000 </td> <td>1,213.20 </td> <td>328.06 </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="人口"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E5.8F.A3"></span>人口</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：人口"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84365018">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="toccolours" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption style="border-top:1px #aaa solid;border-left:1px #aaa solid;border-right:1px #aaa solid;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,lavender);padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold;color:inherit">歷回埃塞俄比亚人口普查</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-interactive,black);padding:1px;width:3em">年份</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-interactive,black);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right">人口</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-interactive,black);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="变化百分比">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1984 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">39,868,572</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1994 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">53,477,265</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+34.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2007 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">73,750,932</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+37.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2019 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">109,860,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+49.0%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-interactive,black);font-size:85%;text-align:left">来源：埃塞俄比亚中央統計局</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>埃塞俄比亚的人口有约1.1亿（2019），相較於1983年僅3350萬<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，於19世紀僅約900萬<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，根據2007年的人口及住房普查顯示1994年至2007年間年均人口增長率為2.6%，較1983年至1994年間的2.8%略為下降，但人口成長率仍居於世界前十位。於2060年時預估將達2.1億人，為2011年的2.5倍<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>全國約有80多個民族，所使用的語言大多數屬<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%9D%9E%E8%AA%9E%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="亞非語系">亞非語系</a>，主要為<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E7%B1%B3%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="闪米特语族">闪米特语族</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%8F" title="庫希特語族">庫希特語族</a>分支，後者則包括了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="奥罗莫人">奥罗莫人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="阿姆哈拉人">阿姆哈拉人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA" title="提格利尼亞人">提格雷尼亚族</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="索马里族">索馬里族</a>，這四個民族即佔埃塞俄比亚四分之三以上的人口。 </p><p>根據2007年埃塞俄比亚人口普查，奧羅莫人為最大民族，佔34.49%，阿姆哈拉人佔26.89%，索馬里族及提格雷族分別佔6.2%及6.07%，其他民族分別為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8C%AB%E9%81%94%E8%8E%AB%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="錫達莫族（页面不存在）">錫達莫族</a>4.01%、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="古拉格人">古拉格族</a>2.53%、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%83%E8%90%8A%E5%A1%94%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沃萊塔族（页面不存在）">沃萊塔族</a>2.31%、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E8%BF%AA%E8%80%B6%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈迪耶族（页面不存在）">哈迪耶族</a>1.74%和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%BA" title="阿法爾人">阿法爾族</a>1.73%、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E8%8E%AB%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加莫族（页面不存在）">加莫族</a>1.5%、Kefficho族1.18%和其他佔11%。<sup id="cite_ref-bx_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bx-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Embassy_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Embassy-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在1980年代以前，埃塞俄比亚居住着大量的埃塞俄比亚犹太人，称为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%A1%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="贝塔以色列">贝塔以色列</a>，在以色列立国后，他们便逐渐离开埃塞俄比亚移居<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="语言"><span id=".E8.AF.AD.E8.A8.80"></span>语言</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：语言"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿姆哈拉語">阿姆哈拉語</a>和英语為聯邦工作語言。主要民族語言有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%BE%85%E8%8E%AB%E8%AA%9E" title="奧羅莫語">奧羅莫語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="提格雷尼亚语">提格雷尼亚语</a>。根據<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%AA%9E" title="民族語">民族語</a>統計，埃塞俄比亚境內共有90個獨立語言<sup id="cite_ref-Ethnologue_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ethnologue-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Languages_of_Ethiopia_piechart.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Languages_of_Ethiopia_piechart.svg/300px-Languages_of_Ethiopia_piechart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Languages_of_Ethiopia_piechart.svg/450px-Languages_of_Ethiopia_piechart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Languages_of_Ethiopia_piechart.svg/600px-Languages_of_Ethiopia_piechart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="418" /></a><figcaption>衣索比亞的語言使用概況</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="宗教"><span id=".E5.AE.97.E6.95.99"></span>宗教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：宗教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div class="skin-invert" style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:300px; background: ;color: #000;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd;color: inherit;"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="埃塞俄比亚宗教">埃塞俄比亚宗教</a></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">宗教</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">百分比</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="基督宗教">基督宗教</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Blue; width:67.3%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">67.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Green; width:31.3%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">31.3%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E5%82%B3%E7%B5%B1%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非洲傳統信仰（页面不存在）">非洲傳統信仰</a> </td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Orange; width:0.6%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.6%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">其他</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Purple; width:0.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.8%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="埃塞俄比亚宗教">埃塞俄比亚宗教</a></div> <p>埃塞俄比亚是一个具有悠久和丰富的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="基督宗教">基督宗教</a>传统的国家，早期基督教从公元1世纪开始就已经在埃塞俄比亚北部和中部传播了。现在全国人口中67.3%信仰<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>（其中全国人口的43.8%信奉<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%AD%A3%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="埃塞俄比亚正教">埃塞俄比亞正教</a>，22.8%信奉<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="基督新教">基督新教</a>，0.7%信奉<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教">天主教</a>）。埃塞俄比亚也是伊斯兰教最早传播到的国家之一，31.3%信仰<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a>。0.6%信仰<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="原始宗教">原始宗教</a>，0.8%信仰其他宗教。历史上埃塞俄比亚境内一直有大量<a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA" title="犹太人">犹太人</a>，他们自称<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%A1%94%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="贝塔以色列">贝塔以色列</a>人，为古犹太人部落的分支之一。从20世纪70年代开始，他们大都返回至以色列定居。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="主要城镇"><span id=".E4.B8.BB.E8.A6.81.E5.9F.8E.E9.95.87"></span>主要城镇</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：主要城镇"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="埃塞俄比亚城市列表">埃塞俄比亚城市列表</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84339893">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="埃塞俄比亚最大城市排名CSA（2012年7月1日估計值）" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Largest_cities_of_Ethiopia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Largest cities of Ethiopia（页面不存在）"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Largest_cities_of_Ethiopia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Largest cities of Ethiopia（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Largest_cities_of_Ethiopia" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Largest cities of Ethiopia"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="埃塞俄比亚最大城市排名CSA（2012年7月1日估計值）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">埃塞俄比亚最大城市排名<br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;font-size:90%;">CSA（2012年7月1日估計值）</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th>排名 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="埃塞俄比亚城市列表">名称</a> </th> <th>州份 </th> <th>人口 </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Addis_Ababa,_Ethiopia_(6082140207).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="亚的斯亚贝巴"><img alt="亚的斯亚贝巴" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Addis_Ababa%2C_Ethiopia_%286082140207%29.jpg/120px-Addis_Ababa%2C_Ethiopia_%286082140207%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Addis_Ababa%2C_Ethiopia_%286082140207%29.jpg/180px-Addis_Ababa%2C_Ethiopia_%286082140207%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Addis_Ababa%2C_Ethiopia_%286082140207%29.jpg/240px-Addis_Ababa%2C_Ethiopia_%286082140207%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="亚的斯亚贝巴">亚的斯亚贝巴</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:004a_Mekelle_Airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="默克萊"><img alt="默克萊" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/004a_Mekelle_Airport.jpg/120px-004a_Mekelle_Airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/004a_Mekelle_Airport.jpg/180px-004a_Mekelle_Airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/004a_Mekelle_Airport.jpg/240px-004a_Mekelle_Airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A" title="默克萊">默克萊</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="亚的斯亚贝巴">亚的斯亚贝巴</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="亚的斯亚贝巴">亚的斯亚贝巴</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,040,740 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AdamaHotels.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="阿達瑪"><img alt="阿達瑪" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/AdamaHotels.jpg/120px-AdamaHotels.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/AdamaHotels.jpg/180px-AdamaHotels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/AdamaHotels.jpg/240px-AdamaHotels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1872" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%81%94%E7%91%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="阿達瑪">阿達瑪</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dire_Dawa_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="德雷达瓦"><img alt="德雷达瓦" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Dire_Dawa_Station.jpg/120px-Dire_Dawa_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Dire_Dawa_Station.jpg/180px-Dire_Dawa_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Dire_Dawa_Station.jpg/240px-Dire_Dawa_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2940" data-file-height="1504" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%B7%E8%BE%BE%E7%93%A6" title="德雷达瓦">德雷达瓦</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A" title="默克萊">默克萊</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="提格雷州">提格雷州</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">273,601 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%81%94%E7%91%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="阿達瑪">阿達瑪</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%BE%85%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E" title="奧羅米亞州">奧羅米亞州</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">271,562 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%B7%E8%BE%BE%E7%93%A6" title="德雷达瓦">德雷达瓦</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%B7%E8%BE%BE%E7%93%A6" title="德雷达瓦">德雷达瓦</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">262,884 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A2%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE" title="貢德爾">貢德爾</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E" title="阿姆哈拉州">阿姆哈拉州</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">254,450 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%A6%E8%96%A9" title="阿瓦薩">阿瓦薩</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E3%80%81%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD%E5%92%8C%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%B7%9E" title="南方民族、部落和人民州">南方民族、部落和人民州</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">212,665 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE" title="巴赫達爾">巴赫達爾</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E" title="阿姆哈拉州">阿姆哈拉州</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">191,015 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%A6%AC" title="吉馬">吉馬</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%BE%85%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E" title="奧羅米亞州">奧羅米亞州</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">149,166 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%A5%BF_(%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E)" title="德西 (埃塞俄比亞)">德西</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E" title="阿姆哈拉州">阿姆哈拉州</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">147,592 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%90%89%E5%8A%A0" title="吉吉加">吉吉加</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E" title="索馬里州">索馬里州</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">147,482 </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="經濟"><span id=".E7.B6.93.E6.BF.9F"></span>經濟</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：經濟"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="埃塞俄比亚经济">埃塞俄比亚经济</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Addis_Ababa_by_night_activity.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Addis_Ababa_by_night_activity.jpg/220px-Addis_Ababa_by_night_activity.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Addis_Ababa_by_night_activity.jpg/330px-Addis_Ababa_by_night_activity.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Addis_Ababa_by_night_activity.jpg/440px-Addis_Ababa_by_night_activity.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3886" data-file-height="2915" /></a><figcaption>首都<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="亚的斯亚贝巴">亚的斯亚贝巴</a>夜景</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coffee_sorting_process,_near_Hawasa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg/220px-Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg/330px-Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg/440px-Coffee_sorting_process%2C_near_Hawasa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>咖啡為埃塞俄比亚重要的經濟作物</figcaption></figure> <p>埃塞俄比亞是非洲第二大人口大國，為世界上增長最快的經濟體之一<sup id="cite_ref-IFC_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IFC-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，2019年的國內生產總值排名非洲第八位，但對比已開發國家仍顯得較為經濟落後。1992－1997年经济年均增长7％，1998年因埃厄边界冲突爆发而导致经济发展受挫。2012年国内生产总值为375亿美元，经济增长率达8.5%。汇率是1美元约等于17.5<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%AF%94%E7%88%BE" title="衣索比亞比爾">比尔</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-gov_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gov-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="農牧業"><span id=".E8.BE.B2.E7.89.A7.E6.A5.AD"></span>農牧業</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：農牧業"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>農牧業人口佔全國人口的百分之八十。埃塞俄比亚是<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1" title="咖啡">咖啡</a>的原產地，咖啡至今仍是重要的經濟作物，年產量一般在20萬噸左右<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，其他經濟作物有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B9%E8%8F%9C%E7%B1%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="油菜籽">油菜籽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%86" class="mw-redirect" title="豆">豆</a>類、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%BA%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="小麥">小麥</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E7%B1%B3" title="玉米">玉米</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%B2%B1" title="高粱">高粱</a>等，糧食基本自給。畜牧業發達，牲畜存欄量居非洲首位。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="工業"><span id=".E5.B7.A5.E6.A5.AD"></span>工業</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：工業"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>工業有紡織、建築伐木、水泥和農畜產品加工，新建有煉鋼、石油提煉等。主要貿易對象有<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="俄羅斯">俄羅斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a>，出口咖啡、牛羊皮、油菜籽等。近年來，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中國</a>與埃塞俄比亞的經貿關系日益緊密，埃塞俄比亞也成為了中國商人和企業進出非洲的主要中轉地<sup id="cite_ref-人民網_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-人民網-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>目前，埃塞俄比亚使用<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A5%E5%B7%A5" title="童工">童工</a>的现象仍十分普遍。<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="觀光業"><span id=".E8.A7.80.E5.85.89.E6.A5.AD"></span>觀光業</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：觀光業"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>埃塞俄比亚具有3000年文明史，有着大量的自然、文化和历史名胜，但受限於基礎建設，目前仍是一个尚未开发的旅游市场。儘管如此，过去的十年里，埃塞俄比亚的旅游业呈稳步增长态势。国际游客人数从1990年的64000人上升到2013年的68万人，预计到2024年将达到81.5万人<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>埃塞俄比亞高原是人類最早的發祥地，也是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E5%B0%BC%E7%BE%85%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="青尼羅河">青尼羅河</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%89%B9%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%B3" title="阿特巴拉河">阿特巴拉河</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B7%B4%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3" title="索巴特河">索巴特河</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E8%B2%9D%E5%88%A9%E6%B2%B3" title="謝貝利河">謝貝利河</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%B7%B4%E6%B2%B3" title="朱巴河">朱巴河</a>等眾多河流發源地。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E9%9D%9E%E5%A4%A7%E8%A3%82%E8%B0%B7" title="東非大裂谷">東非大裂谷</a>由東北向西南縱貫埃塞俄比亞高原中部，在裂谷斷層的深處形成了如<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E5%8A%A0%E8%AB%BE%E6%B9%96" title="蘭加諾湖">蘭加諾湖</a>等眾多的湖泊。同時埃塞俄比亞還擁有始建於12世紀的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E8%B2%9D%E6%8B%89%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉利貝拉岩石教堂群（页面不存在）">拉利貝拉岩石教堂群</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E8%98%87%E5%A7%86" title="阿克蘇姆">阿克蘇姆</a>遺址等眾多世界文化遺產<sup id="cite_ref-人民網_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-人民網-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ethiopia_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethiopia-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="卫生事业"><span id=".E5.8D.AB.E7.94.9F.E4.BA.8B.E4.B8.9A"></span>卫生事业</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：卫生事业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據世界銀行的艾滋病毒項目全球負責人介紹，在埃塞俄比亞每100,000人裡就會有一名醫生。<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>然而另一份報告來自世界健康組織給出了一組數字，1936個埃塞俄比亞醫生，使世界銀行的數字升到每100,000人裡就有2.6個是醫生。<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>這些數據表明了高等學歷人才離開埃塞俄比亞前往西方尋求更多就業和經濟機會的现状。 </p><p>埃塞俄比亞的主要身心健康問題被認為是關於衛生條件和營養不良而引發的傳染病。超過4400万(近埃塞俄比亞人口的一半)沒有乾淨的水可以喝。<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>這些身心健康問題是由醫生，護士和醫療設備的短缺而造成的。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Preparing_a_measles_vaccine_in_Ethiopia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Preparing_a_measles_vaccine_in_Ethiopia.jpg/220px-Preparing_a_measles_vaccine_in_Ethiopia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Preparing_a_measles_vaccine_in_Ethiopia.jpg/330px-Preparing_a_measles_vaccine_in_Ethiopia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Preparing_a_measles_vaccine_in_Ethiopia.jpg/440px-Preparing_a_measles_vaccine_in_Ethiopia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption>医生准备疫苗</figcaption></figure> <p>埃塞俄比亞的公共健康的狀態是在城市要比農村好得多。出生率、嬰兒死亡率和正常死亡率在城市比農村地區低，由於教育、藥品和醫院<sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在城市有著優質的設施對比於農村。在城市中，人們的平均壽命為53歲，在農村地區是48歲。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>由於衛生是一個問題，利用改進的水源比例也隨趨勢上升；相比農村地區11％城市是81％。正如在非洲其他地區，許多人為了希望有更好的生活條件而移居城市。 </p><p>醫護人員與現代醫學培訓的低可用性，和資金不足的醫療服務，導致了使用家庭為基礎的療法醫治常見疾病可靠性較差的同時體現了傳統治療的優勢。 </p><p>在埃塞俄比亞有119家醫院（12僅亞的斯亞貝巴）和412家保健中心。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>埃塞俄比亞人有58年平均預期壽命，這是相較低的。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>和在這國家的嬰兒死亡率比較高，因為有8%的嬰兒在出生後不久死亡<sup id="cite_ref-:1_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（雖然這是從1965年的數字16％到8%，有著顯著降低）。生育有關的併發症如產科瘺仍然影響許多國家的婦女。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="交通"><span id=".E4.BA.A4.E9.80.9A"></span>交通</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：交通"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>埃塞俄比亞的公路运输占全国总运量的90%，2002年道路總長度33,297公里，其中公路24,000公里，約9000公里公路可全年通行。全国共有40多个机场，其中亚的斯亚贝巴、迪雷达瓦和巴赫达尔为国际机场。首都<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4%E5%8D%9A%E8%8E%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="亚的斯亚贝巴博莱国际机场">亚的斯亚贝巴博莱国际机场</a>為非洲年度最佳机场，向15家航空公司提供地勤服务。<sup id="cite_ref-gov_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gov-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>埃塞俄比亞鐵路總長781公里。自19世纪以來，法国修建的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E2%80%93%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="埃塞–吉布提铁路">埃塞–吉布提铁路</a>長期提供從首都到鄰國吉布提港口的客货运输，該路段跑完全程約需一周时间。2010年，埃塞开始招标电气化准轨铁路<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%90%89%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="亚吉铁路">亚吉铁路</a>，全长756km，其中埃塞境内全长656km，总投资约40亿美元。該案由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="中国国铁">中国国铁</a>得標，其中約70%經費由中国进出口银行提供优惠贷款。該路段采用中国国铁II级电化技术标准，设计时速120公里，从设计、施工、监理，到轨料、施工装备、通信讯号和电气化设备、机车车辆，全部使用中国产品，並由中国铁旗下的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中国土木工程集团有限公司（页面不存在）">中国土木工程集团有限公司</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%93%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%B1%80" title="中铁二局">中铁二局</a>等承建。亞吉铁路已於2016年完工开通，成为非洲第一条跨国标准轨电气化铁路，最終全长計752.7公里、共45个车站，目前該鐵路为埃塞俄比亚和吉布提共同運營，也分别是两国唯一運作中的铁路。 </p><p>埃塞俄比亞交通部规划以埃塞吉布提铁路为重点，在2020年前建设约5000公里的铁路网，包括从亚的斯亚贝巴到南苏丹的西线铁路、从亚的斯亚贝巴向北连通北部各重要城市的北线铁路，以及从亚迪斯亚贝巴沟通肯雅边境的南线铁路。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="飲食"><span id=".E9.A3.B2.E9.A3.9F"></span>飲食</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：飲食"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E8%8F%9C" title="衣索比亞菜">衣索比亞菜</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alicha_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Alicha_1.jpg/220px-Alicha_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Alicha_1.jpg/330px-Alicha_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Alicha_1.jpg/440px-Alicha_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%9D%B0%E6%8B%89" title="英杰拉">英杰拉</a></figcaption></figure> <p>衣索比亞人的主食主要是用發酵過的苔麩麵糊製作的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%9D%B0%E6%8B%89" title="英杰拉">英傑拉餅</a>和許多稱為「<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E7%89%B9_(%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81)" title="沃特 (食品)">沃特</a>」（阿姆哈拉語：ወጥ, IPA: [wətʼ]）的燉煮。因為曾<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%B1%9E%E4%B8%9C%E9%9D%9E" title="意属东非">被義大利短暫佔領</a>，衣索比亞人也常吃<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%BC%8F%E9%BA%B5%E9%A3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="義式麵食">意式面食</a><sup id="cite_ref-gonomad_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gonomad-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>埃塞俄比亞高原也是世界<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1" title="咖啡">咖啡</a>原產地，傳說自公元9世紀始便有飲用咖啡的文化，今日當地人仍延續傳統的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="咖啡禮儀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%96%E5%95%A1%E7%A6%AE%E5%84%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="咖啡禮儀（页面不存在）">咖啡禮儀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_ceremony_of_Ethiopia_and_Eritrea" class="extiw" title="en:Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea</span></a></span>）</span></span>來招待賓客，在九月中旬的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="十字架節" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Meskel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E6%9E%B6%E7%AF%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="十字架節（页面不存在）">十字架節</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meskel" class="extiw" title="en:Meskel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Meskel</span></a></span>）</span></span>期間更會在宴客前用花朵裝飾地板。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E8%8C%B2%E8%AA%9E" title="吉茲語">吉茲語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E8%B2%9D%E6%8B%89" title="拉利貝拉">拉利貝拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E9%A5%91%E8%8D%92" class="mw-redirect" title="衣索比亞饑荒">衣索比亚饑荒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E9%95%B7%E5%9F%8E" title="非洲綠色長城">非洲綠色長城</a>計劃</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ciaethn-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ciaethn_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ciaethn_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ciaethn_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html#et">CIA - Ethiopia - Ethnic groups</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-03-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170324191944/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2075.html#et">存档</a>于2017-03-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=CIA+-+Ethiopia+-+Ethnic+groups&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2075.html%23et&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geeskaafrika.com/ethiopia-english-a-working-language/amp/">Ethiopia: English a working language</a>. Geeskaa Africa. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-07-17</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210721002829/https://www.geeskaafrika.com/ethiopia-english-a-working-language/amp/">存档</a>于2021-07-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Ethiopia%3A+English+a+working+language&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Geeskaa+Africa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geeskaafrika.com%2Fethiopia-english-a-working-language%2Famp%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215231030/https://www.africanews.com/2020/03/04/one-to-five-ethiopia-gets-four-new-federal-working-languages//">One to five: Ethiopia gets four new federal working languages</a>. Africanews. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-02-15</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.africanews.com/2020/03/04/one-to-five-ethiopia-gets-four-new-federal-working-languages//">原始内容</a>存档于2020-02-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=One+to+five%3A+Ethiopia+gets+four+new+federal+working+languages&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Africanews&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.africanews.com%2F2020%2F03%2F04%2Fone-to-five-ethiopia-gets-four-new-federal-working-languages%2F%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-africa.upenn.edu-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-africa.upenn.edu_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Hornet/Ethiopian_Constitution.html">Ethiopian Constitution</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-11-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108064621/https://www.africa.upenn.edu/Hornet/Ethiopian_Constitution.html">存档</a>于2020-11-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=Ethiopian+Constitution&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.africa.upenn.edu%2FHornet%2FEthiopian_Constitution.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231222075332/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ethiopia/#people-and-society">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-11-22</span>]</span>. 原始内容存档于2023-12-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fethiopia%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalafrica.isp.msu.edu/files/5015/5916/5319/TedVestal.pdf">Zenawism as ethnic-federalism</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-11-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200919120643/https://globalafrica.isp.msu.edu/files/5015/5916/5319/TedVestal.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2020-09-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=Zenawism+as+ethnic-federalism&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobalafrica.isp.msu.edu%2Ffiles%2F5015%2F5916%2F5319%2FTedVestal.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/"><span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>World Population prospects – Population division<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span></a>. population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-11-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%22World+Population+prospects+%E2%80%93+Population+division%22&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=population.un.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_WPP_2019-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_WPP_2019_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_Population/WPP2019_POP_F01_1_TOTAL_POPULATION_BOTH_SEXES.xlsx"><span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Overall total population" – World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(xslx)</span>. population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-11-09</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%22Overall+total+population%22+%E2%80%93+World+Population+Prospects%3A+The+2019+Revision&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=population.un.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopulation.un.org%2Fwpp%2FDownload%2FFiles%2F1_Indicators%2520%28Standard%29%2FEXCEL_FILES%2F1_Population%2FWPP2019_POP_F01_1_TOTAL_POPULATION_BOTH_SEXES.xlsx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2007Census-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2007Census_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190208061518/http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php/census-report/census-tables/category/301-census-tables?download=655:countrylevel">Country Level</a>. 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Statistical_Agency_(Ethiopia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Statistical Agency (Ethiopia)（页面不存在）">CSA</a>. 13 July 2010 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2013]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php/census-report/census-tables/category/301-census-tables?download=655:countrylevel">原始内容</a>存档于2019-02-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Country+Level&rft.date=2010-07-13&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2007+Population+and+Housing+Census+of+Ethiopia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csa.gov.et%2Findex.php%2Fcensus-report%2Fcensus-tables%2Fcategory%2F301-census-tables%3Fdownload%3D655%3Acountrylevel&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEOET-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOET_10-0"><sup><b>10.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOET_10-1"><sup><b>10.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOET_10-2"><sup><b>10.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOET_10-3"><sup><b>10.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=644,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2027&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">Ethiopia</a>. World Economic Outlook Database. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund (IMF)</a>. April 2022 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-07-24</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220724021758/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2022/April/weo-report?c=644,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2027&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">存档</a>于2022-07-24） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Ethiopia&rft.date=2022-04&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2022%2FApril%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D644%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2020%26ey%3D2027%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Selima, Jāhāna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2015_human_development_report.pdf">Work for human development</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Human Development Report. United Nations Development Programme. 2015: 232 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-11-22</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-92-1-126398-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-92-1-126398-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-92-1-126398-5</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/936070939"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 936070939</span></a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224230035/http://hdr.undp.org/en/sites/default/files/2015_human_development_report.pdf%20">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2018-12-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.aufirst=J%C4%81h%C4%81na&rft.aulast=Selima&rft.btitle=Work+for+human+development&rft.date=2015&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-92-1-126398-5&rft.pages=232&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.series=Human+Development+Report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2015_human_development_report.pdf&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F936070939&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHDR-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UNHDR_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200523103905/http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/2019-human-development-index-ranking">Human Development Report 2019</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 10 December 2019 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2019]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/2019-human-development-index-ranking">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2020-05-23） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2019&rft.date=2019-12-10&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fcontent%2F2019-human-development-index-ranking&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13349398">Ethiopia country profile</a>. BBC News. 2022-01-17 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-06-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922073752/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13349398">存档</a>于2022-09-22） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英国英语网页">（英国英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Ethiopia+country+profile&rft.date=2022-01-17&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-13349398&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%AF%B9%E5%A4%96%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="中共中央对外联络部">中共中央对外联络部</a>《各国共产党总览》编辑委员会. 各国共产党总览. 当代世界出版社. 2000年1月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7-80115-132-1" title="Special:网络书源/7-80115-132-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 7-80115-132-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.au=%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%AF%B9%E5%A4%96%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E9%83%A8%E3%80%8A%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E6%80%BB%E8%A7%88%E3%80%8B%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&rft.btitle=%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E6%80%BB%E8%A7%88&rft.date=2000-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=7-80115-132-1&rft.pub=%E5%BD%93%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://espressostalinist.com/2012/08/21/comments-on-meles-zenawis-death/">Comments on Meles Zenawi’s Death</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-04-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200415194838/https://espressostalinist.com/2012/08/21/comments-on-meles-zenawis-death/">存档</a>于2020-04-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=Comments+on+Meles+Zenawi%E2%80%99s+Death&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fespressostalinist.com%2F2012%2F08%2F21%2Fcomments-on-meles-zenawis-death%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%232329&redirect=true">A Greek-English Lexicon</a>. Perseus. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720061137/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%232329&redirect=true">存档</a>于2011-07-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.au=Scott%2C+Robert&rft.aufirst=Henry+George&rft.aulast=Liddell&rft.btitle=A+Greek-English+Lexicon&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Perseus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.04.0057%253Aentry%253D%25232329%26redirect%3Dtrue&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|contribution=</code>被忽略 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#chapter_ignored" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herodotus1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Herodotus1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For all references to Ethiopia in Herodotus, see: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/nebrowser?query=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126&id=tgn%2C7000489">this list</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170112220851/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/nebrowser?query=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126&id=tgn%2C7000489">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） at the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu">Perseus project</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20081010030609/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hatke-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hatke_18-0"><sup><b>18.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hatke_18-1"><sup><b>18.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hatke, George. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.google.com/books?id=PA4UCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA52">Aksum and Nubia: Warfare, Commerce, and Political Fictions in Ancient Northeast Africa</a>. NYU Press. 2013: 52–53. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-8147-6066-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-8147-6066-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-8147-6066-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.aufirst=George&rft.aulast=Hatke&rft.btitle=Aksum+and+Nubia%3A+Warfare%2C+Commerce%2C+and+Political+Fictions+in+Ancient+Northeast+Africa&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-6066-6&rft.pages=52-53&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPA4UCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA52&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Schoff, Wilfred Harvey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/periplusoferythr00schouoft#page/62/mode/2up">The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: travel and trade in the Indian Ocean</a>. Longmans, Green, and Co. 1912: 62 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2016]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.aufirst=Wilfred+Harvey&rft.aulast=Schoff&rft.btitle=The+Periplus+of+the+Erythraean+Sea%3A+travel+and+trade+in+the+Indian+Ocean&rft.date=1912&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=62&rft.pub=Longmans%2C+Green%2C+and+Co.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fperiplusoferythr00schouoft%23page%2F62%2Fmode%2F2up&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agatharchides, in Wilfred Harvey Schoff (Secretary of the Commercial Museum of Philadelphia) with a foreword by W. P. Wilson, Sc. Director, The Philadelphia Museums. <i>Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: Travel and Trade in the Indian Ocean by a Merchant of the First Century, Translated from the Greek and Annotated</i> (1912). New York, New York: Longmans, Green, and Co., pages 50 (for attribution) and 57 (for quote).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">延飞. 埃塞俄比亚与厄立特里亚冲突的根源——埃塞俄比亚厄立特里亚联邦始末. 《西亚非洲杂志》. 2015-03-20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%8E%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E7%9A%84%E6%A0%B9%E6%BA%90%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB&rft.au=%E5%BB%B6%E9%A3%9E&rft.date=2015-03-20&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97%E3%80%8B&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/184/33993.html">Ethiopia, Eritrea Run Risk of New War - UN Envoy</a>. www.globalpolicy.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-01-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201129224628/https://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/184/33993.html">存档</a>于2020-11-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Ethiopia%2C+Eritrea+Run+Risk+of+New+War+-+UN+Envoy&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.globalpolicy.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalpolicy.org%2Fcomponent%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F184%2F33993.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN24485835">Ethiopia-Eritrea impasse could lead to new war -UN</a>. Reuters. 2007-01-24 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-01-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090416205331/http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSN24485835">存档</a>于2009-04-16） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Ethiopia-Eritrea+impasse+could+lead+to+new+war+-UN&rft.date=2007-01-24&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FidUSN24485835&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethiosports.com/2014/06/30/oilseed-overtakes-coffee-as-ethiopias-top-export-earner/">"Oilseed overtakes coffee as Ethiopia’s top export earner"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201126191523/http://www.ethiosports.com/2014/06/30/oilseed-overtakes-coffee-as-ethiopias-top-export-earner/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Ethiosports, 2014. (Retrieved 1 July 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ethiopia/publication/ethiopia-great-run-growth-acceleration-how-to-pace-it">With Continued Rapid Growth, Ethiopia is Poised to Become a Middle Income Country by 2025</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2016]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160702231516/http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/ethiopia/publication/ethiopia-great-run-growth-acceleration-how-to-pace-it">存档</a>于2016-07-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=With+Continued+Rapid+Growth%2C+Ethiopia+is+Poised+to+Become+a+Middle+Income+Country+by+2025&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbank.org%2Fen%2Fcountry%2Fethiopia%2Fpublication%2Fethiopia-great-run-growth-acceleration-how-to-pace-it&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.un.org/zh/story/2018/09/1017842">埃塞俄比亚与厄立特里亚签署历史性和平协议非洲之角吹来“希望之风”</a>. 联合国新闻. 2018-09-16 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-07-08</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201221094218/https://news.un.org/zh/story/2018/09/1017842">存档</a>于2020-12-21） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（简体）网页">（中文（简体））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%8E%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%AD%BE%E7%BD%B2%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%80%A7%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE+%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E4%B9%8B%E8%A7%92%E5%90%B9%E6%9D%A5%E2%80%9C%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E4%B9%8B%E9%A3%8E%E2%80%9D&rft.date=2018-09-16&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.un.org%2Fzh%2Fstory%2F2018%2F09%2F1017842&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reliefweb.int/report/ethiopia/ethiopia-tops-global-list-highest-internal-displacement-2018">Ethiopia tops global list of highest internal displacement in 2018</a>. Relief Web. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2019]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191105232853/https://reliefweb.int/report/ethiopia/ethiopia-tops-global-list-highest-internal-displacement-2018">存档</a>于2019-11-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Ethiopia+tops+global+list+of+highest+internal+displacement+in+2018&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freliefweb.int%2Freport%2Fethiopia%2Fethiopia-tops-global-list-highest-internal-displacement-2018&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-justice/ethiopian-who-demanded-justice-now-has-half-a-year-to-deliver-it-idUSKBN1ZR10K">Ethiopian who demanded justice now has half a year to deliver it</a>. Reuters. 2020-01-28 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-01-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214110211/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ethiopia-justice/ethiopian-who-demanded-justice-now-has-half-a-year-to-deliver-it-idUSKBN1ZR10K">存档</a>于2020-12-14） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Ethiopian+who+demanded+justice+now+has+half+a+year+to+deliver+it&rft.date=2020-01-28&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-ethiopia-justice%2Fethiopian-who-demanded-justice-now-has-half-a-year-to-deliver-it-idUSKBN1ZR10K&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">外交部領事事務局. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boca.gov.tw/sp-trwa-content-505-a532c-1.html">國外旅遊警示分級表－衣索比亞</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-10-09</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215231147/https://www.boca.gov.tw/sp-trwa-content-505-a532c-1.html">存档</a>于2020-12-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.au=%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8%E9%A0%98%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E5%B1%80&rft.btitle=%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%96%E6%97%85%E9%81%8A%E8%AD%A6%E7%A4%BA%E5%88%86%E7%B4%9A%E8%A1%A8%EF%BC%8D%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boca.gov.tw%2Fsp-trwa-content-505-a532c-1.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html">CIA - The World Factbook - Country Comparison :: Area</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-06-16</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140209041128/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html">存档</a>于2014-02-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=CIA+-+The+World+Factbook+-+Country+Comparison+%3A%3A+Area&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2147rank.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://policy.mofcom.gov.cn/page/nation/Ethiopia.html">全球法规网-埃塞俄比亚</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-11-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201123221421/http://policy.mofcom.gov.cn/page/nation/Ethiopia.html">存档</a>于2020-11-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%B3%95%E8%A7%84%E7%BD%91-%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolicy.mofcom.gov.cn%2Fpage%2Fnation%2FEthiopia.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.un.org/zh/story/2018/08/1014822">联合国难民署向埃塞俄比亚境内流离失所者提供拯救生命的援助</a>. 联合国. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2018]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215231207/https://news.un.org/zh/story/2018/08/1014822">存档</a>于2020-12-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%B2%E5%90%91%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%A2%83%E5%86%85%E6%B5%81%E7%A6%BB%E5%A4%B1%E6%89%80%E8%80%85%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E6%8B%AF%E6%95%91%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%8F%B4%E5%8A%A9&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.un.org%2Fzh%2Fstory%2F2018%2F08%2F1014822&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bjd.com.cn/a/202007/02/WS5efd46a3e4b00aba04d24896.html">埃塞俄比亚暴发大规模抗议至少50人丧生</a>. 新京报.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%9A%B4%E5%8F%91%E5%A4%A7%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E6%8A%97%E8%AE%AE+%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%9150%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%A7%E7%94%9F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bjd.com.cn%2Fa%2F202007%2F02%2FWS5efd46a3e4b00aba04d24896.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="">失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chinese.aljazeera.net/news/2019/12/26/ethiopia-official-recognition-prosperity-party">埃塞俄比亚：繁荣党得到正式承认提格雷人民解放阵线发出威胁</a>. 半岛新闻网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-08-04</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215231235/https://chinese.aljazeera.net/news/2019/12/26/ethiopia-official-recognition-prosperity-party">存档</a>于2020-12-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%EF%BC%9A%E7%B9%81%E8%8D%A3%E5%85%9A%E5%BE%97%E5%88%B0%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%BF%E8%AE%A4+%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%98%B5%E7%BA%BF%E5%8F%91%E5%87%BA%E5%A8%81%E8%83%81&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E7%BD%91&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchinese.aljazeera.net%2Fnews%2F2019%2F12%2F26%2Fethiopia-official-recognition-prosperity-party&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.storm.mg/article/2817010">譚德塞祖國衣索比亞民族歷史恩怨　知名歌手遭槍殺掀動亂奪逾80條人命</a>. 風傳媒. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-08-04</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215231253/https://www.storm.mg/article/2817010">存档</a>于2020-12-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%E8%AD%9A%E5%BE%B7%E5%A1%9E%E7%A5%96%E5%9C%8B%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E6%81%A9%E6%80%A8%E3%80%80%E7%9F%A5%E5%90%8D%E6%AD%8C%E6%89%8B%E9%81%AD%E6%A7%8D%E6%AE%BA%E6%8E%80%E5%8B%95%E4%BA%82%E5%A5%AA%E9%80%BE80%E6%A2%9D%E4%BA%BA%E5%91%BD&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E9%A2%A8%E5%82%B3%E5%AA%92&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.storm.mg%2Farticle%2F2817010&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wgi.world/aisaiebiyadezhongzuchongtuyinfaweiji/?lang=zh-hans">埃塞俄比亚的种族冲突引发危机</a>. WGI.WORLD. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-08-04</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201215231221/https://wgi.world/aisaiebiyadezhongzuchongtuyinfaweiji/?lang=zh-hans">存档</a>于2020-12-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E5%BC%95%E5%8F%91%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WGI.WORLD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwgi.world%2Faisaiebiyadezhongzuchongtuyinfaweiji%2F%3Flang%3Dzh-hans&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Central Statistical Agency, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">W. G. Clarence-Smith <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=9Hfl5rpXM1sC&pg=PA100">The Economics of the Indian Ocean slave trade in the nineteenth century</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200801100936/http://books.google.com/books?id=9Hfl5rpXM1sC&pg=PA100">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） (1989). p.100. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0714633593" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7146-3359-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.google.com/publicdata/explore?ds=n4ff2muj8bh2a_#ctype=l&strail=false&bcs=d&nselm=h&met_y=POP&fdim_y=scenario:1&scale_y=lin&ind_y=false&rdim=world&idim=country:ET&ifdim=world&hl=en&dl=en">Forecast provided</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201215231237/http://www.google.com/publicdata/explore?ds=n4ff2muj8bh2a_#ctype=l&strail=false&bcs=d&nselm=h&met_y=POP&fdim_y=scenario:1&scale_y=lin&ind_y=false&rdim=world&idim=country:ET&ifdim=world&hl=en&dl=en">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） by <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Futures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Futures（页面不存在）">International Futures</a> and hosted by Google's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Public_Data_Explorer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Public Data Explorer（页面不存在）">Public Data Explorer</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bx-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bx_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Berhanu Abegaz, <span class="PDFlink"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bxabeg.people.wm.edu/Ethiopia.Census%20Portrait.pdf">Ethiopia: A Model Nation of Minorities</a></span><span style="font-size:smaller;">PDF (51.7 KB)</span> . Retrieved 6 April 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Embassy-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Embassy_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080130033851/http://www.ethiopianembassy.org/population.shtml">Population</a>. Embassy of Ethiopia, Washington, DC (2000–01). Retrieved 6 April 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ethnologue-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ethnologue_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=ET">Languages of Ethiopia</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130203002449/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=ET">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. Ethnologue. Retrieved on 2012-03-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IFC-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IFC_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/region__ext_content/regions/sub-saharan+africa/news/ethiopia_to_host_world_economic_forum">Private Sector Boosts Ethiopia's Growth</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Finance_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Finance Corporation（页面不存在）">IFC</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2012]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160729210454/http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/region__ext_content/regions/sub-saharan+africa/news/ethiopia_to_host_world_economic_forum">存档</a>于2016-07-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Private+Sector+Boosts+Ethiopia%27s+Growth&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IFC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.ifc.org%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2Fregion__ext_content%2Fregions%2Fsub-saharan%2Bafrica%2Fnews%2Fethiopia_to_host_world_economic_forum&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gov-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gov_44-0"><sup><b>44.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gov_44-1"><sup><b>44.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.cn/zhuanti/2014-04/29/content_2668406.htm">埃塞俄比亚概况</a>. 中央政府门户网站. 外交部网站. 2014-04-29 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-10-04</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108095730/http://www.gov.cn/zhuanti/2014-04/29/content_2668406.htm">存档</a>于2020-11-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5&rft.date=2014-04-29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%97%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.cn%2Fzhuanti%2F2014-04%2F29%2Fcontent_2668406.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6225514.stm">Starbucks in Ethiopia coffee vow</a>. BBC. 21 June 2007 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2007]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070813104123/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/6225514.stm">存档</a>于2007-08-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=Starbucks+in+Ethiopia+coffee+vow&rft.date=2007-06-21&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F6225514.stm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-人民網-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-人民網_46-0"><sup><b>46.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-人民網_46-1"><sup><b>46.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200515222437/http://ydyl.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2018/1127/c411837-30427994-5.html">埃塞俄比亞漸成非洲旅游新熱點</a>. 人民網. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-11-27</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ydyl.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2018/1127/c411837-30427994-5.html">原始内容</a>存档于2020-05-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%BC%B8%E6%88%90%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E6%96%B0%E7%86%B1%E9%BB%9E&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%B6%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fydyl.people.com.cn%2FBIG5%2Fn1%2F2018%2F1127%2Fc411837-30427994-5.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061212114013/http://www.childtrafficking.com/Docs/sc_denmark_2004_child_labour_in_ethiopia_1.pdf">Child Labor in Ethiopia with special focus on Child Prostitution</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Addis Ababa City Administration Social and NGO Affairs Office, Save the Children Denmark, African Network for the Prevention of and Protection Against Child Abuse and Neglect-Ethiopia Chapter. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-09-12</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.childtrafficking.com/Docs/sc_denmark_2004_child_labour_in_ethiopia_1.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2006-12-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=Child+Labor+in+Ethiopia+with+special+focus+on+Child+Prostitution&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Addis+Ababa+City+Administration+Social+and+NGO+Affairs+Office%2C+Save+the+Children+Denmark%2C+African+Network+for+the+Prevention+of+and+Protection+Against+Child+Abuse+and+Neglect-Ethiopia+Chapter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.childtrafficking.com%2FDocs%2Fsc_denmark_2004_child_labour_in_ethiopia_1.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200515222718/http://news.afrindex.com/zixun/article10293.html">埃塞俄比亚酒店业需要推动旅游业发展</a>. 中非贸易研究中心. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-01-25</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.afrindex.com/zixun/article10293.html">原始内容</a>存档于2020-05-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E9%85%92%E5%BA%97%E4%B8%9A%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E6%8E%A8%E5%8A%A8%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E4%B8%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.afrindex.com%2Fzixun%2Farticle10293.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ethiopia-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ethiopia_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/et/">Ethiopia – Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List</a>. UNESCO. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2014]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105225051/http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/et">存档</a>于2021-01-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=Ethiopia+%E2%80%93+Properties+inscribed+on+the+World+Heritage+List&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Fstatesparties%2Fet%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">BBC,The World Today. 24 July 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=BBC%2CThe+World+Today&rft.date=2007-07-24&rft.genre=article&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.who.int/whr/2006/annex/06_annex4_en.pdf">The World Health Report 2006</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. The World Health Organization. 2006 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-05-20</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080216083304/http://www.who.int/whr/2006/annex/06_annex4_en.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2008-02-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=The+World+Health+Report+2006&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=The+World+Health+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fwhr%2F2006%2Fannex%2F06_annex4_en.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wateraid.org/uk/where-we-work/page/ethiopia">WaterAid UK - Where we work - Ethiopia</a>. www.wateraid.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-05-20</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170810103934/http://www.wateraid.org/uk/where-we-work/page/ethiopia">存档</a>于2017-08-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.atitle=WaterAid+UK+-+Where+we+work+-+Ethiopia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wateraid.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wateraid.org%2Fuk%2Fwhere-we-work%2Fpage%2Fethiopia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-0"><sup><b>53.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-1"><sup><b>53.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_53-2"><sup><b>53.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macalester.edu/courses/geog61/kshively/index.html">Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2016]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170211101151/https://www.macalester.edu/courses/geog61/kshively/index.html">存档</a>于2017-02-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=Addis+Ababa%2C+Ethiopia&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macalester.edu%2Fcourses%2Fgeog61%2Fkshively%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_54-0"><sup><b>54.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_54-1"><sup><b>54.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080624223842/http://www.etharc.org/publications/june2005whoestimate_eth.pdf">Ethiopia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. WHO. 2008 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-05-20</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etharc.org/publications/june2005whoestimate_eth.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2008-06-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&rft.btitle=Ethiopia&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=WHO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etharc.org%2Fpublications%2Fjune2005whoestimate_eth.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gonomad-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gonomad_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Javins, Marie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gonomad.com/features/0211/ethiopiafood.html">"Eating and Drinking in Ethiopia."</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20130131180721/http://www.gonomad.com/features/0211/ethiopiafood.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gonomad.com">Gonomad.com</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140528140143/http://www.gonomad.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. Accessed July 2011.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相关的多媒体资源：<b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia?uselang=zh">埃塞俄比亚</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%8E%E9%81%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="維基導遊">維基導遊</a>上的相關旅行指南：<b><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" class="extiw" title="voy:埃塞俄比亚">埃塞俄比亚</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://et.mofcom.gov.cn/">中华人民共和国驻埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国大使馆经济商务参赞处</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170705025449/http://et.mofcom.gov.cn/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timelessethiopia.com/">衣索比亚Travel and Foto </a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201214111458/http://www.timelessethiopia.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090319144526/http://blog.ihrmarke.com/?p=101">衣索比亚speciality咖啡的故事</a></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5" title="世界概况">世界概况</a>》上有关<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/et">Ethiopia</a>的条目 <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="开放式目录">开放目录项目</a>中的“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/Africa/Ethiopia">埃塞俄比亚</a>” <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikimedia-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/15px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/23px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/30px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Ethiopia" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Ethiopia">維基媒體的埃塞俄比亚地圖集</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-globe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/15px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/23px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/30px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="英語">（英文）</span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a>上有關<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/192800">埃塞俄比亚</a>的地理信息</li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="非洲" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="Template:非洲"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="Template talk:非洲"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:非洲"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="非洲" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%9D%9E" title="北非">北部非洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="阿尔及利亚">阿尔及利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="利比亚">利比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5" title="摩洛哥">摩洛哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="苏丹">苏丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" title="突尼西亞">突尼西亞</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Africa_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%9D%9E" title="西非">西部非洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%AE%81" title="贝宁">贝宁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%90%89%E7%B4%8D%E6%B3%95%E7%B4%A2" title="布吉納法索">布吉納法索</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8D%E5%BE%97" title="乍得">乍得</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9%E8%BF%AA%E7%93%A6" title="科特迪瓦">科特迪瓦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%88%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="冈比亚">冈比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%BA%B3" title="加纳">加纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="几内亚">几内亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E%E6%AF%94%E7%B4%A2" title="幾內亞比索">幾內亞比索</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="利比里亚">利比里亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="马里">马里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E5%B0%94" title="尼日尔">尼日尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="毛里塔尼亚">毛里塔尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="奈及利亞">奈及利亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%86%85%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94" title="塞内加尔">塞内加尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82" title="塞拉利昂">塞拉利昂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%93%A5" title="多哥">多哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%BE%97%E8%A7%92" title="佛得角">佛得角</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="中部非洲">中部非洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A6%E9%9A%86" title="喀麦隆">喀麦隆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中非共和國">中非</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="赤道几内亚">赤道几内亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%93%AC" title="加蓬">加彭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="刚果共和国">刚果（布）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="刚果民主共和国">刚果（金）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%A4%9A%E7%BE%8E%E5%92%8C%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%AF%94" title="圣多美和普林西比">圣多美和普林西比</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="南部非洲">南部非洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89" title="安哥拉">安哥拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%9C%AD%E9%82%A3" title="波札那">博茨瓦纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E6%91%A9" title="葛摩">葛摩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E7%B4%A2%E6%89%98" title="莱索托">賴索托</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%BE%BE%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0" title="马达加斯加">马达加斯加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4" title="马拉维">马拉维</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B" title="莫桑比克">莫三比克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="纳米比亚">纳米比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%B0%BC" title="史瓦帝尼">史瓦帝尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="赞比亚">赞比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%B4%E5%A8%81" title="辛巴威">辛巴威</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E9%9D%9E" title="东非">东部非洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B2%E9%9A%86%E5%9C%B0" title="蒲隆地">蒲隆地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提">吉布提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="厄立特里亚">厄立特里亚</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">埃塞俄比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="肯尼亚">肯尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%97%BA%E8%BE%BE" title="卢旺达">卢旺达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%88%8C%E5%B0%94" title="塞舌尔">塞舌尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="索马里">索马里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="南蘇丹">南苏丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="坦桑尼亚">坦桑尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE" title="乌干达">乌干达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%82%E6%96%AF" title="毛里求斯">毛里求斯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">海外<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">属地</a><br />與其他特殊政區</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%82%A3%E5%88%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="加那利群岛">加那利群岛</a>（西）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%B1%9E%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E5%9C%B0" title="西属主权地">西属主权地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%91%E8%BE%BE" title="休达">休达</a>（西）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E5%88%A9%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="梅利利亚">梅利利亚</a>（西）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="马德拉群岛">馬德拉群島</a>（葡）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%99%E5%B0%BC%E6%B1%AA" title="留尼汪">留尼汪</a>（法）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E8%AF%B8%E5%B2%9B" title="法属印度洋诸岛">法属印度洋诸岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E7%BA%A6%E7%89%B9" title="马约特">马约特</a>（法）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚">圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚</a>（英）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0" title="索马里兰">索马里兰</a>（索马里／爭議區）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89" title="西撒哈拉">西撒哈拉</a>（摩洛哥／爭議區）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="世界政區索引">世界政區索引</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="美洲">美洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E6%B4%B2" title="南极洲">南极洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%B2" title="大洋洲">大洋洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国首都列表">各国首都列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=&#124;class=notpageimage_衣索比亞行政區劃" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Template:埃塞俄比亚行政区划"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:埃塞俄比亚行政区划（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:埃塞俄比亚行政区划"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=&#124;class=notpageimage_衣索比亞行政區劃" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">衣索比亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="埃塞俄比亚行政区划">行政區劃</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>首都：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="亚的斯亚贝巴">亚的斯亚贝巴</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">州</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Afar_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Afar_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Afar_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Afar_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Afar_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Afar_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Afar_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="453" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%9E" title="阿法尔州">阿法尔州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Amhara_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_the_Amhara_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Amhara_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_the_Amhara_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Amhara_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Flag_of_the_Amhara_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Amhara_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E" title="阿姆哈拉州">阿姆哈拉州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Benishangul-Gumuz_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_the_Benishangul-Gumuz_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Benishangul-Gumuz_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_the_Benishangul-Gumuz_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Benishangul-Gumuz_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_the_Benishangul-Gumuz_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Benishangul-Gumuz_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%9A%E5%8F%A4%E5%8B%92-%E5%8F%A4%E9%A6%AC%E8%8C%B2%E5%B7%9E" title="本尚古勒-古馬茲州">本尚古勒-古馬茲州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Gambella_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_Gambella_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Gambella_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_Gambella_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Gambella_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_Gambella_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Gambella_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E8%B2%9D%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%9E" title="甘貝拉州">甘貝拉州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Et_harrar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Et_harrar.png/22px-Et_harrar.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Et_harrar.png/33px-Et_harrar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Et_harrar.png/44px-Et_harrar.png 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="217" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%8B%92%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%9E" title="哈勒爾州">哈勒爾州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Oromia_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%BE%85%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E" title="奧羅米亞州">奧羅米亞州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sidama.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Sidama.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sidama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Sidama.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sidama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Sidama.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sidama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E9%81%94%E9%A6%AC%E5%B7%9E" title="錫達馬州">錫達馬州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Somali_Region_(2008-2018).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_the_Somali_Region_%282008-2018%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Somali_Region_%282008-2018%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_the_Somali_Region_%282008-2018%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Somali_Region_%282008-2018%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_the_Somali_Region_%282008-2018%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Somali_Region_%282008-2018%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E" title="索馬里州">索馬里州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Southern_Ethiopia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Southern_Ethiopia.png/22px-Flag_of_Southern_Ethiopia.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Southern_Ethiopia.png/33px-Flag_of_Southern_Ethiopia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Southern_Ethiopia.png/44px-Flag_of_Southern_Ethiopia.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="南衣索比亞州" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="South Ethiopia Regional State"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E" title="南埃塞俄比亚州">南衣索比亞州</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Ethiopia_Regional_State" class="extiw" title="en:South Ethiopia Regional State"><span lang="en" dir="auto">South Ethiopia Regional State</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_South_West_Ethiopia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_West_Ethiopia.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_West_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_West_Ethiopia.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_West_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_South_West_Ethiopia.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_West_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%97%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%B7%9E" title="西南埃塞俄比亚人民州">西南衣索比亞人民州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Tigray_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_Tigray_Region.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Tigray_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_Tigray_Region.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Tigray_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_Tigray_Region.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Tigray_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%B7%9E" title="提格雷州">提格雷州</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State.svg/22px-Flag_of_Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State.svg/33px-Flag_of_Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State.svg/44px-Flag_of_Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中衣索比亞州" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Central Ethiopia Regional State"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E" title="中埃塞俄比亚州">中衣索比亞州</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Ethiopia_Regional_State" class="extiw" title="en:Central Ethiopia Regional State"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Central Ethiopia Regional State</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">直轄市</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Addis_Ababa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Addis_Ababa.svg/22px-Flag_of_Addis_Ababa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Addis_Ababa.svg/33px-Flag_of_Addis_Ababa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Addis_Ababa.svg/44px-Flag_of_Addis_Ababa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="596" data-file-height="396" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%9A%E8%B4%9D%E5%B7%B4" title="亚的斯亚贝巴">亞的斯亞貝巴市</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Dire_Dawa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_Dire_Dawa.png/22px-Flag_of_Dire_Dawa.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_Dire_Dawa.png/33px-Flag_of_Dire_Dawa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Flag_of_Dire_Dawa.png/44px-Flag_of_Dire_Dawa.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%B7%E8%BE%BE%E7%93%A6" title="德雷达瓦">德雷達瓦市</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="联邦制国家" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Template:联邦制国家"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Template talk:联邦制国家"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:联邦制国家"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="联邦制国家" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6" title="联邦制">联邦制</a>国家</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">目前实行联邦制</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7" title="阿根廷">阿根廷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E9%BB%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%B4%E9%82%A3" title="波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那">波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西">巴西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E6%91%A9" title="葛摩">葛摩</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">衣索比亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="密克罗尼西亚联邦">密克罗尼西亚联邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94" title="尼泊尔">尼泊尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="奈及利亞">奈及利亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="巴基斯坦">巴基斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E7%A6%8F%E5%8F%8A%E5%B0%BC%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF" title="聖克里斯多福及尼維斯">聖克里斯多福及尼維斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="伊拉克">伊拉克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="索马里">索马里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="苏丹">苏丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="南蘇丹">南蘇丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯联合酋长国">阿拉伯联合酋长国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%94%E5%85%A7%E7%91%9E%E6%8B%89" title="委內瑞拉">委內瑞拉</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">过去实行联邦制</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="波蘭立陶宛聯邦">波蘭立陶宛聯邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97%E5%9B%BD" title="教宗国">教皇國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国">俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="外高加索社会主义联邦苏维埃共和国">外高加索苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="南斯拉夫社会主义联邦共和国">南斯拉夫社会主义联邦共和国</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="南斯拉夫联盟共和国">南斯拉夫联盟共和国</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%85%A7%E5%93%A5%E7%BE%85" title="塞爾維亞與蒙特內哥羅">塞爾維亞與蒙特內哥羅</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="捷克斯洛伐克">捷克斯洛伐克</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="捷克斯洛伐克社会主义共和国">捷克斯洛伐克社会主义共和国</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%92%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="捷克和斯洛伐克聯邦共和國">捷克和斯洛伐克聯邦共和國</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="西印度群島聯邦">西印度群島聯邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="印度尼西亞聯邦共和國">印度尼西亞聯邦共和國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%94%AF%E9%82%A3" title="法屬印度支那">法屬印度支那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="利比亞王國">利比亞王國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="荷蘭共和國">荷蘭共和國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="肯尼亚">肯尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚">叙利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" title="羅德西亞">罗得西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="坦桑尼亚">坦桑尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="阿拉伯聯合共和國">阿拉伯聯合共和國</a>（由<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">阿拉伯埃及共和国</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚">阿拉伯叙利亚共和国</a>组成）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="阿拉伯共和國聯邦">阿拉伯共和國聯邦</a>（由<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">阿拉伯埃及共和国</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚">阿拉伯叙利亚共和国</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%89%8E%E8%8F%B2%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="卡扎菲治下的利比亚">阿拉伯利比亚共和国</a>组成）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8C%88%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥匈帝国">奥匈帝国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E9%82%A6%E8%81%AF" title="北德意志邦聯">北德意志邦聯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="哥伦比亚">哥伦比亚</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E7%B4%8D%E9%81%94%E9%82%A6%E8%81%AF" title="格拉納達邦聯">格拉納達邦聯</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%90%88%E7%9C%BE%E5%9C%8B" title="哥倫比亞合眾國">哥倫比亞合眾國</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E5%90%88%E4%BC%97%E5%9B%BD" title="巴西合众国">巴西合众国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="坦桑尼亚">坦桑尼亚联合共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="東德">東德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7" title="西德">西德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE" title="乌干达">乌干达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="刚果民主共和国">刚果共和国（利奥波德维尔）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A6%E9%9A%86" title="喀麦隆">喀麦隆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="马里联邦">马里联邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="馬來聯邦">馬來聯邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联邦">马来亚联邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%82%A6" title="马来亚联合邦">马来亚联合邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%88%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%96%A9%E8%98%AD%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="羅德西亞與尼亞薩蘭聯邦">羅德西亞與尼亞薩蘭聯邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%92%8C%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="埃塞俄比亞和厄立特里亞聯邦">衣索比亞和厄利垂亞聯邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="南非聯邦">南非聯邦</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非共和国</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">短暂存在的政权</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华苏维埃共和国">中华苏维埃共和国</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="中华苏维埃共和国西北联邦">中华苏维埃共和国西北联邦</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="外高加索民主聯邦共和國">外高加索民主聯邦共和國</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>参见：<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6" title="联邦制">联邦制</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="不结盟运动" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%8D%E7%B5%90%E7%9B%9F%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="Template:不結盟運動"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%B8%8D%E7%B5%90%E7%9B%9F%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="Template talk:不結盟運動"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%8D%E7%B5%90%E7%9B%9F%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:不結盟運動"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="不结盟运动" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%BB%93%E7%9B%9F%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="不结盟运动">不结盟运动</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">成員國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97" title="阿富汗">阿富汗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="阿尔及利亚">阿尔及利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89" title="安哥拉">安哥拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%8F%90%E7%93%9C%E5%92%8C%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%BE" title="安提瓜和巴布达">安提瓜和巴布达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86" title="阿塞拜疆">阿塞拜疆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC" title="巴哈马">巴哈马</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%9E%97" title="巴林">巴林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD" title="孟加拉国">孟加拉国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%AF" title="巴巴多斯">巴巴多斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="白俄罗斯">白俄罗斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B9" title="伯利兹">伯利兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%AE%81" title="贝宁">贝宁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E4%B8%B9" title="不丹">不丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="玻利維亞">玻利維亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%9C%AD%E9%82%A3" title="波札那">博茨瓦纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%8E%B1" title="汶莱">汶莱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%90%89%E7%B4%8D%E6%B3%95%E7%B4%A2" title="布吉納法索">布基纳法索</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B2%E9%9A%86%E5%9C%B0" title="蒲隆地">蒲隆地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E5%9F%94%E5%AF%A8" title="柬埔寨">柬埔寨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A6%E9%9A%86" title="喀麦隆">喀麦隆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%BE%97%E8%A7%92" title="佛得角">佛得角</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中非共和國">中非共和國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8D%E5%BE%97" title="乍得">乍得</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9" title="智利">智利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="哥伦比亚">哥伦比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E6%91%A9" title="葛摩">葛摩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="刚果共和国">刚果共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9%E8%BF%AA%E7%93%A6" title="科特迪瓦">科特迪瓦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4" title="古巴">古巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鲜民主主义人民共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="刚果民主共和国">刚果民主共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%8F%90" title="吉布提">吉布地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%98%8E%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="多明尼克">多明尼克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%98%8E%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0" title="多明尼加">多明尼加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%93%9C%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%94" title="厄瓜多尔">厄瓜多尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="赤道几内亚">赤道几内亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="厄立特里亚">厄立特里亚</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">埃塞俄比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E6%B5%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="斐济">斐济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%93%AC" title="加蓬">加彭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%88%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="冈比亚">冈比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%BA%B3" title="加纳">加纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E8%BE%BE" title="格林纳达">格林纳达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B1%E5%9C%B0%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89" title="危地马拉">危地马拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="几内亚">几内亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E%E6%AF%94%E7%B4%A2" title="幾內亞比索">幾內亞比索</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%AD%E4%BA%9A%E9%82%A3" title="圭亚那">圭亚那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9C%B0" title="海地">海地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="洪都拉斯">洪都拉斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="印度尼西亚">印度尼西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="伊拉克">伊拉克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%A0" title="牙买加">牙买加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E6%97%A6" title="约旦">约旦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="肯尼亚">肯尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%A8%81%E7%89%B9" title="科威特">科威特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D" title="老挝">老挝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9" title="黎巴嫩">黎巴嫩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E7%B4%A2%E6%89%98" title="莱索托">莱索托</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="利比里亚">利比里亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="利比亚">利比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%BE%BE%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0" title="马达加斯加">马达加斯加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4" title="马拉维">马拉维</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%A4%AB" title="马尔代夫">马尔代夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="马里">马里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="毛里塔尼亚">毛里塔尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%82%E6%96%AF" title="毛里求斯">毛里求斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古国">蒙古国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%B4%9B%E5%93%A5" title="摩洛哥">摩洛哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B" title="莫桑比克">莫桑比克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8" title="缅甸">缅甸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="纳米比亚">纳米比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94" title="尼泊尔">尼泊尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E7%93%9C" title="尼加拉瓜">尼加拉瓜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E5%B0%94" title="尼日尔">尼日尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="奈及利亞">奈及利亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC" title="阿曼">阿曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="巴基斯坦">巴基斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9C%8B" title="巴勒斯坦國">巴勒斯坦國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC" title="巴拿马">巴拿马</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="巴布亚新几内亚">巴布亚新几内亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%98%E9%B2%81" title="秘鲁">秘鲁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE" title="菲律宾">菲律宾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94" title="卡塔尔">卡塔尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%97%BA%E8%BE%BE" title="卢旺达">卢安达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E7%A6%8F%E5%8F%8A%E5%B0%BC%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF" title="聖克里斯多福及尼維斯">聖克里斯多福及尼維斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8D%A2%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="圣卢西亚">圣卢西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%96%87%E6%A3%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%92%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E4%B8%81%E6%96%AF" title="圣文森特和格林纳丁斯">圣文森特和格林纳丁斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%A4%9A%E7%BE%8E%E5%92%8C%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%AF%94" title="圣多美和普林西比">圣多美和普林西比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯">沙特阿拉伯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%86%85%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94" title="塞内加尔">塞内加尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%88%8C%E5%B0%94" title="塞舌尔">塞舌尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82" title="塞拉利昂">塞拉利昂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="索马里">索马里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%8D%A1" title="斯里蘭卡">斯里蘭卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="苏丹">苏丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%97" title="蘇利南">蘇利南</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%B0%BC" title="史瓦帝尼">史瓦帝尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚">叙利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="坦桑尼亚">坦桑尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD" title="泰国">泰国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="东帝汶">东帝汶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%93%A5" title="多哥">多哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E9%87%8C%E9%81%94%E5%8F%8A%E6%89%98%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%A5" title="千里達及托巴哥">千里達及托巴哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" title="突尼西亞">突尼西亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%BA%93%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="土库曼斯坦">土库曼斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE" title="乌干达">乌干达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯联合酋长国">阿拉伯联合酋长国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%B9%E5%88%AB%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="乌兹别克斯坦">乌兹别克斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E5%8A%AA%E9%98%BF%E5%9B%BE" title="瓦努阿图">瓦努阿图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%94%E5%85%A7%E7%91%9E%E6%8B%89" title="委內瑞拉">委內瑞拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8" title="也门">也门</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="赞比亚">赞比亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%B4%E5%A8%81" title="辛巴威">辛巴威</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NAM_Members.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/NAM_Members.svg/200px-NAM_Members.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/NAM_Members.svg/300px-NAM_Members.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/NAM_Members.svg/400px-NAM_Members.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">觀察員</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">國家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7" title="阿根廷">阿根廷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="亞美尼亞">亞美尼亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E9%BB%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%B4%E9%82%A3" title="波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那">波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西">巴西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%BE%BE%E9%BB%8E%E5%8A%A0" title="哥斯达黎加">哥斯达黎加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A" title="克罗地亚">克罗地亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E7%93%A6%E5%A4%9A" title="萨尔瓦多">萨尔瓦多</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="哈萨克斯坦">哈萨克斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="吉尔吉斯斯坦">吉尔吉斯斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%85%A7%E5%93%A5%E7%BE%85" title="蒙特內哥羅">蒙特內哥羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD" title="巴拉圭">巴拉圭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A" title="塞尔维亚">塞尔维亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%90%89%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="塔吉克斯坦">塔吉克斯坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD" title="乌拉圭">乌拉圭</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">組織</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="非洲联盟">非洲联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="阿拉伯国家联盟">阿拉伯国家联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="伊斯兰合作组织">伊斯兰合作组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="金砖国家" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Template:金砖国家"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Template talk:金砖国家"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:金砖国家"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="金砖国家" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="金砖国家">金砖国家</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">成员</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西">巴西</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄羅斯</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中国</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/22px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/33px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/44px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">衣索比亞</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯联合酋长国">阿联酋</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">峰会</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2009年金砖国家峰会">2009年叶卡捷琳堡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2010年金砖国家峰会">2010年巴西利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2011年金砖国家峰会">2011年三亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2012年金砖国家峰会">2012年新德里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2013年金砖国家峰会">2013年德班</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2014年金砖国家峰会">2014年福塔雷萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2015年金砖国家峰会">2015年乌法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2016年金砖国家峰会">2016年帕纳吉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2017年金砖国家峰会">2017年厦门</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2018年金砖国家峰会">2018年约翰内斯堡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2019年金砖国家峰会">2019年巴西利亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A3%9A%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2020年金磚國家峰會">2020年圣彼得堡</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A3%9A%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="2021年金磚國家峰會">2021年新德里</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2022年金砖国家峰会">2022年北京</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2023年金砖国家峰会">2023年约翰内斯堡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" title="2024年金砖国家峰会">2024年喀山</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="金砖国家运动会">运动会</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A3%9A%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6U-17%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E7%9B%83%E8%B3%BD" title="2016年金磚國家U-17足球盃賽">2016年果阿</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2017%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2017年金砖国家运动会（页面不存在）">2017年广州</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="2018年金磚國家U-17足球盃賽" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="2018 BRICS U-17 Football Cup"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2018%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A3%9A%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6U-17%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E7%9B%83%E8%B3%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2018年金磚國家U-17足球盃賽（页面不存在）">2018年约翰内斯堡</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_BRICS_U-17_Football_Cup" class="extiw" title="en:2018 BRICS U-17 Football Cup"><span lang="en" dir="auto">2018 BRICS U-17 Football Cup</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,gray)">2019年巴西</span></li> <li><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,gray)">2020年俄罗斯</span></li> <li><span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,gray)">2021年印度</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2022%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2022年金砖国家运动会（页面不存在）">2022年中国</a>*</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2023%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023年金砖国家运动会（页面不存在）">2023年德班</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%91%E7%A3%9A%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" title="2024年金磚國家運動會">2024年喀山</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相关</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="新开发银行">新开发银行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%A2%86%E5%AF%BC%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="金砖国家领导人列表">领导人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="金砖国家大学联盟">大学联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%8A%82" title="金砖国家电影节">电影节</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="金砖国家电视台" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="TV BRICS"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="金砖国家电视台（页面不存在）">电视台</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV_BRICS" class="extiw" title="en:TV BRICS"><span lang="en" dir="auto">TV BRICS</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRICS_PAY" title="BRICS PAY">BRICS PAY</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>其中标记*的峰会/运动会届次均因<a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85" title="2019冠状病毒病疫情">2019冠状病毒病疫情</a>而推迟，并改为视频峰会/线上办会。<span style="color:var(--color-placeholder,gray)">灰色字体</span>表示因<a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85" title="2019冠状病毒病疫情">2019冠状病毒病疫情</a>运动会取消举办。</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205830/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000405575014">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/132211363">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrm4PwJjwQwWdt7T4CJDq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90759603">挪威</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX451088">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12123982d">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12123982d">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4000639-6">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007554828905171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ethiopia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79081279">美国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00562056">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Etiopie"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge129135&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35068913">澳大利亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/125095">葡萄牙</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">地理</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/96699ab4-4bbf-332e-b037-b0119821f792">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">艺术家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/1f60198a-56ef-45c9-a703-8aa9cacbd0aa">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/XoQAbhff">英国议会</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=18085">现代乌克兰百科全书</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/003433">瑞士历史词典</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044422">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/067107273">IdRef</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/etiyopya">伊斯兰百科全书</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82757201"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&pagename=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&params=8_N_38_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">8°N</span> <span class="longitude">38°E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">8°N 38°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">8; 38</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=埃塞俄比亚&oldid=84661530">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=埃塞俄比亚&oldid=84661530</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%B8%9C%E9%9D%9E%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="Category:东非国家">东非国家</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%A1%A3%E7%B4%A2%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="Category:衣索比亞">衣索比亞</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%89%8D%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="Category:前共產主義國家">前共產主義國家</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="Category:聯邦共和制國家">聯邦共和制國家</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%85%A7%E9%99%B8%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="Category:內陸國家">內陸國家</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%91%98%E5%9B%BD" title="Category:联合国会员国">联合国会员国</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%87%91%E7%A0%96%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%88%90%E5%91%98%E5%9B%BD" title="Category:金砖国家成员国">金砖国家成员国</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%9D%9E%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97formatnum%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有非数字formatnum参数的页面">含有非数字formatnum参数的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8Phonos%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用Phonos的页面">使用Phonos的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90_(en)" title="Category:CS1英语来源 (en)">CS1英语来源 (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90_(en-gb)" title="Category:CS1英国英语来源 (en-gb)">CS1英国英语来源 (en-gb)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%EF%BC%9A%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E8%A2%AB%E5%BF%BD%E7%95%A5" title="Category:引文格式1错误：章节参数被忽略">引文格式1错误：章节参数被忽略</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2024%E5%B9%B411%E6%9C%88%E5%B8%A6%E6%9C%89%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2024年11月带有失效链接的条目">自2024年11月带有失效链接的条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8ISBN%E9%AD%94%E6%9C%AF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用ISBN魔术链接的页面">使用ISBN魔术链接的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8WikiMiniAtlas%E5%B0%8F%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用WikiMiniAtlas小工具的页面">使用WikiMiniAtlas小工具的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有阿姆哈拉語的條目">含有阿姆哈拉語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%9D%9E%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有非中文內容的條目">含有非中文內容的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%A5%A7%E7%BE%85%E8%8E%AB%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有奧羅莫語的條目">含有奧羅莫語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有阿法爾語的條目">含有阿法爾語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有提格利尼亞語的條目">含有提格利尼亞語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%9C%A8infobox_country%E6%88%96infobox_former_country%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8symbol_caption%E6%88%96%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B%E5%AD%97%E6%AE%B5%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:在infobox country或infobox former country使用symbol caption或类型字段的页面">在infobox country或infobox former country使用symbol caption或类型字段的页面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E6%98%8E%E7%A2%BA%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有明確引用中文的條目">含有明確引用中文的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5hAudio%E5%BE%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:嵌入hAudio微格式的條目">嵌入hAudio微格式的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2023%E5%B9%B42%E6%9C%88%E6%89%A9%E5%85%85%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2023年2月扩充中的条目">自2023年2月扩充中的条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E6%89%A9%E5%85%85%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:所有扩充中的条目">所有扩充中的条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2023%E5%B9%B42%E6%9C%88%E5%8C%85%E5%90%AB%E7%A9%BA%E7%99%BD%E7%AB%A0%E7%AF%80%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2023年2月包含空白章節的條目">自2023年2月包含空白章節的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E5%8C%85%E5%90%AB%E7%A9%BA%E7%99%BD%E7%AB%A0%E7%AF%80%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:所有包含空白章節的條目">所有包含空白章節的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E5%B0%8F%E5%9E%8B%E8%A8%8A%E6%81%AF%E6%A1%86%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用小型訊息框的頁面">使用小型訊息框的頁面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:使用人口模板的頁面">使用人口模板的頁面</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABFAST%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目">包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABISNI%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含ISNI标识符的维基百科条目">包含ISNI标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABVIAF%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含VIAF标识符的维基百科条目">包含VIAF标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABWorldCat%E5%AE%9E%E4%BD%93%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含WorldCat实体标识符的维基百科条目">包含WorldCat实体标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBIBSYS%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BIBSYS标识符的维基百科条目">包含BIBSYS标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNE%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNE标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNE标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNF%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNFdata%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABGND%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含GND标识符的维基百科条目">包含GND标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABJ9U%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目">包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABLCCN%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目">包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNDL%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目">包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNKC%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目">包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNLA%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NLA标识符的维基百科条目">包含NLA标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABPortugalA%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含PortugalA标识符的维基百科条目">包含PortugalA标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABMusicBrainz_area%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含MusicBrainz area标识符的维基百科条目">包含MusicBrainz area标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABKULTURNAV%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含KULTURNAV标识符的维基百科条目">包含KULTURNAV标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABUKPARL%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含UKPARL标识符的维基百科条目">包含UKPARL标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABEMU%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含EMU标识符的维基百科条目">包含EMU标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABHDS%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含HDS标识符的维基百科条目">包含HDS标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNARA%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NARA标识符的维基百科条目">包含NARA标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABSUDOC%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含SUDOC标识符的维基百科条目">包含SUDOC标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABTDV%C4%B0A%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含TDVİA标识符的维基百科条目">包含TDVİA标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%AD%98%E5%9C%A8%E5%9D%90%E6%A0%87%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:维基数据存在坐标数据的页面">维基数据存在坐标数据的页面</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年10月20日 (星期日) 16:53。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>）<br /> Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-2kqjs","wgBackendResponseTime":246,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.148","walltime":"2.627","ppvisitednodes":{"value":14367,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":484169,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":39638,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":34,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":49,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":160825,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":2,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2152.531 1 -total"," 43.41% 934.513 5 Template:Infobox"," 37.14% 799.377 1 Template:Infobox_country"," 15.30% 329.302 1 Template:Reflist"," 10.45% 224.899 3 Template:ISO_3166_code"," 7.85% 169.047 32 Template:Cite_web"," 6.44% 138.542 1 Template:Lang-am"," 6.05% 130.133 1 Template:Collapsible_list"," 5.82% 125.171 13 Template:Category_handler"," 5.29% 113.944 11 Template:Lang"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.083","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":20104017,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["?","300","20.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","240","16.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","220","15.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","200","13.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","100","6.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntity","80","5.5"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","60","4.1"],["validateData \u003Cmw.lua:728\u003E","40","2.7"],["\u003Cbit32.lua:72\u003E","40","2.7"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","40","2.7"],["[others]","140","9.6"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-68db4b6789-975vd","timestamp":"20241126071223","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9a","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q115","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q115","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-10-29T14:08:11Z","dateModified":"2024-10-20T16:53:25Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/71\/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg","headline":"\u975e\u6d32\u570b\u5bb6"}</script> </body> </html>