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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਫੋਂਟ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ, ਚੌਡ਼ਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਰੰਗ ਦੀ ਦਿੱਖ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲੋ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਦਿੱਖ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa" class=""><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ" class=""><span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ਹੋਰ ਚੋਣਾਂ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa"><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਬਾਹਰ ਹੋਏ ਸੰਪਾਦਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਫ਼ੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%9B%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3" aria-label="ਸੰਪਾਦਨ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ"><span>ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ਯੋਗਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਸ IP ਪਤੇ ਤੋਂ ਹੋਈਆਂ ਸੋਧਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਗੱਲਬਾਤ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ਸਾਈਟ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਹਵਾਲੇ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ਕਿਸੇ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੇਖ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ। 77 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardsprache" title="Standardsprache – ਜਰਮਨ (ਸਵਿਸ)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Standardsprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="ਜਰਮਨ (ਸਵਿਸ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9" title="معيرة لغة – ਅਰਬੀ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معيرة لغة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ਅਰਬੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لوغة معيارية – ਅਰਬੀ (ਮੋਰਾਕੋ)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لوغة معيارية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="ਅਰਬੀ (ਮੋਰਾਕੋ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llingua_est%C3%A1ndar" title="Llingua estándar – ਅਸਤੂਰੀ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingua estándar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ਅਸਤੂਰੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fd%C9%99bi_dil" title="Ədəbi dil – ਅਜ਼ਰਬਾਈਜਾਨੀ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ədəbi dil" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ਅਜ਼ਰਬਾਈਜਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Літаратурная мова – ਬੇਲਾਰੂਸੀ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Літаратурная мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ਬੇਲਾਰੂਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Літаратурная мова – ਬੇਲਾਰੂਸੀ (ਰਵਾਇਤੀ)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Літаратурная мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="ਬੇਲਾਰੂਸੀ (ਰਵਾਇਤੀ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Книжовен език – ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆਈ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Книжовен език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ਬੁਲਗਾਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="মান্য ভাষা – ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মান্য ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_jezik" title="Standardni jezik – ਬੋਸਨੀਆਈ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Standardni jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ਬੋਸਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llengua_est%C3%A0ndard" title="Llengua estàndard – ਕੈਟਾਲਾਨ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengua estàndard" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ਕੈਟਾਲਾਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="زمانی ستاندارد – ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਕੁਰਦਿਸ਼" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی ستاندارد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਕੁਰਦਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spisovn%C3%BD_jazyk" title="Spisovný jazyk – ਚੈੱਕ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Spisovný jazyk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ਚੈੱਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iaith_safonol" title="Iaith safonol – ਵੈਲਸ਼" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Iaith safonol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ਵੈਲਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardsprache" title="Standardsprache – ਜਰਮਨ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Standardsprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ਜਰਮਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%B1wano_standard" title="Zıwano standard – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zıwano standard" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_language" title="Standard language – ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Standard language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norma_lingvo" title="Norma lingvo – ਇਸਪੇਰਾਂਟੋ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Norma lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ਇਸਪੇਰਾਂਟੋ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_est%C3%A1ndar" title="Lengua estándar – ਸਪੇਨੀ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lengua estándar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ਸਪੇਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizkuntza_estandar" title="Hizkuntza estandar – ਬਾਸਕ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hizkuntza estandar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ਬਾਸਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="زبان معیار – ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان معیار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yleiskieli" title="Yleiskieli – ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yleiskieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langue_standard" title="Langue standard – ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Langue standard" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standerttaal" title="Standerttaal – ਪੱਛਮੀ ਫ੍ਰਿਸੀਅਨ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Standerttaal" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ਪੱਛਮੀ ਫ੍ਰਿਸੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_est%C3%A1ndar" title="Lingua estándar – ਗੈਲਿਸ਼ਿਅਨ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua estándar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ਗੈਲਿਸ਼ਿਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87hengey_chadjinit" title="Çhengey chadjinit – ਮੈਂਕਸ" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhengey chadjinit" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="ਮੈਂਕਸ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harshe_na_yau_da_kullun" title="Harshe na yau da kullun – ਹੌਸਾ" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Harshe na yau da kullun" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ਹੌਸਾ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%94_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="שפה תקנית – ਹਿਬਰੂ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שפה תקנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ਹਿਬਰੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मानक भाषा – ਹਿੰਦੀ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मानक भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ਹਿੰਦੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_jezik" title="Standardni jezik – ਸਰਬੋ-ਕ੍ਰੋਏਸ਼ੀਅਨ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Standardni jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ਸਰਬੋ-ਕ੍ਰੋਏਸ਼ੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_nyelv" title="Standard nyelv – ਹੰਗਰੀਆਈ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Standard nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ਹੰਗਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Գրական լեզու – ਅਰਮੀਨੀਆਈ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրական լեզու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ਅਰਮੀਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_baku" title="Bahasa baku – ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa baku" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_standard" title="Lingua standard – ਇਤਾਲਵੀ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua standard" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ਇਤਾਲਵੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%AA%9E" title="標準語 – ਜਪਾਨੀ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="標準語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ਜਪਾਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_baku" title="Basa baku – ਜਾਵਾਨੀਜ਼" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa baku" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ਜਾਵਾਨੀਜ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81debiy_til" title="Ádebiy til – ਕਰਾਕਲਪਾਕ" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ádebiy til" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="ਕਰਾਕਲਪਾਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Әдеби тіл – ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әдеби тіл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ਕਜ਼ਾਖ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80%EC%96%B4" title="표준어 – ਕੋਰੀਆਈ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="표준어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ਕੋਰੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Адабий тил – ਕਿਰਗੀਜ਼" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Адабий тил" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ਕਿਰਗੀਜ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_normata" title="Lingua normata – ਲਾਤੀਨੀ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua normata" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ਲਾਤੀਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjtandaardtaal" title="Sjtandaardtaal – ਲਿਮਬੁਰਗੀ" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjtandaardtaal" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ਲਿਮਬੁਰਗੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standartin%C4%97_kalba" title="Standartinė kalba – ਲਿਥੁਆਨੀਅਨ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Standartinė kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ਲਿਥੁਆਨੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liter%C4%81r%C4%81_valoda" title="Literārā valoda – ਲਾਤੀਵੀ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Literārā valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ਲਾਤੀਵੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Литературен јазик – ਮੈਕਡੋਨੀਆਈ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Литературен јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ਮੈਕਡੋਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Стандарт хэл – ਮੰਗੋਲੀ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Стандарт хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="ਮੰਗੋਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_baku" title="Bahasa baku – ਮਲਯ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa baku" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ਮਲਯ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="मानक भाषा – ਨੇਪਾਲੀ" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मानक भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="ਨੇਪਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standaardtaal" title="Standaardtaal – ਡੱਚ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Standaardtaal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ਡੱਚ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardspr%C3%A5k" title="Standardspråk – ਨਾਰਵੇਜਿਆਈ ਬੋਕਮਲ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Standardspråk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ਨਾਰਵੇਜਿਆਈ ਬੋਕਮਲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estandard_(ling%C3%BCistica)" title="Estandard (lingüistica) – ਓਕਸੀਟਾਨ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Estandard (lingüistica)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ਓਕਸੀਟਾਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_standardowy" title="Język standardowy – ਪੋਲੈਂਡੀ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język standardowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ਪੋਲੈਂਡੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="معیاري ژبه – ਪਸ਼ਤੋ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="معیاري ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="ਪਸ਼ਤੋ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norma-padr%C3%A3o" title="Norma-padrão – ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Norma-padrão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ਪੁਰਤਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb%C4%83_standard" title="Limbă standard – ਰੋਮਾਨੀਆਈ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limbă standard" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ਰੋਮਾਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Литературный язык – ਰੂਸੀ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Литературный язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ਰੂਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardulugg%C3%ACa" title="Standarduluggìa – ਸਿਸੀਲੀਅਨ" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Standarduluggìa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="ਸਿਸੀਲੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BA%D9%8A%D9%BA_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="ٺيٺ ٻولي – ਸਿੰਧੀ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ٺيٺ ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="ਸਿੰਧੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardni_jezik" title="Standardni jezik – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Standardni jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="සම්මත උපභාෂාව – ਸਿੰਹਾਲਾ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සම්මත උපභාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="ਸਿੰਹਾਲਾ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spisovn%C3%BD_jazyk" title="Spisovný jazyk – ਸਲੋਵਾਕ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Spisovný jazyk" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ਸਲੋਵਾਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knji%C5%BEni_jezik" title="Knjižni jezik – ਸਲੋਵੇਨੀਆਈ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Knjižni jezik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ਸਲੋਵੇਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_standarde" title="Gjuha standarde – ਅਲਬਾਨੀਆਈ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha standarde" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ਅਲਬਾਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Стандардни језик – ਸਰਬੀਆਈ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Стандардни језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ਸਰਬੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardspr%C3%A5k" title="Standardspråk – ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Standardspråk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahaja_sanifu" title="Lahaja sanifu – ਸਵਾਹਿਲੀ" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lahaja sanifu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="ਸਵਾਹਿਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="தகுமொழி – ਤਮਿਲ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தகுமொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ਤਮਿਲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standart_dil" title="Standart dil – ਤੁਰਕੀ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Standart dil" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ਤੁਰਕੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Стандарт тел – ਟਾਟਾਰ (ਸਿਰਿਲਿਕ ਲਿਪੀ)" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Стандарт тел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="ਟਾਟਾਰ (ਸਿਰਿਲਿਕ ਲਿਪੀ)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Стандартизована мова – ਯੂਕਰੇਨੀਆਈ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стандартизована мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ਯੂਕਰੇਨੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="معیاری زبان – ਉਰਦੂ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معیاری زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ਉਰਦੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adabiy_til" title="Adabiy til – ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Adabiy til" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ਉਜ਼ਬੇਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B4n_ng%E1%BB%AF_ti%C3%AAu_chu%E1%BA%A9n" title="Ngôn ngữ tiêu chuẩn – ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngôn ngữ tiêu chuẩn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E8%AF%AD" title="标准语 – ਚੀਨੀ ਵੂ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="标准语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ ਵੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="标准方言 – ਚੀਨੀ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="标准方言" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piau-ch%C3%BAn-g%C3%AD" title="Piau-chún-gí – ਚੀਨੀ ਮਿਨ ਨਾਨ" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Piau-chún-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ ਮਿਨ ਨਾਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="標準方言 – ਕੈਂਟੋਨੀਜ਼" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="標準方言" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ਕੈਂਟੋਨੀਜ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q399495#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ਅੰਤਰਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਸੋਧੋ" class="wbc-editpage">ਜੋੜ ਸੋਧੋ</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ਨਾਂ-ਥਾਂ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦਾ ਹਵਾਲੇ ਦੇਣ ਸਬੰਧੀ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ"><span>ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦਾ ਹਵਾਲਾ ਦਿਉ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A8%259F%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A9%2580_%25E0%25A8%25AD%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25BE"><span>ਛੋਟਾ ਯੂਆਰਐੱਲ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰੋ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A8%259F%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A9%2580_%25E0%25A8%25AD%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25BE"><span>QR ਕੋਡ ਡਾਊਨਲੋਡ ਕਰੋ</span></a></li><li id="t-shorturl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pa.wikipedia.org/s/64o" title="ਸਾਂਝਾ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਇਸ ਛੋਟੀ ਕੜੀ ਦੀ ਨਕਲ ਕਰੋ"><span>ਛੋਟਾ ਯੂਆਰਐੱਲ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਛਾਪੋ / ਬਰਾਮਦ ਕਰੋ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE"><span>ਇੱਕ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF ਵਜੋਂ ਡਾਊਨਲੋਡ ਕਰੋ</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE&printable=yes" title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦਾ ਛਪਣਯੋਗ ਰੂਪ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>ਛਪਣਯੋਗ ਸੰਸਕਰਣ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਹੋਰ ਪ੍ਰਾਜੈਕਟਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Standard_languages" hreflang="en"><span>ਵਿਕੀਮੀਡੀਆ ਕਾਮਨਜ਼</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q399495" title="ਡਾਟਾ ਭੰਡਾਰ ਦੀ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਕੜੀ ਜੋੜੋ [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ਵਿਕੀਡਾਟਾ ਆਈਟਮ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਸੰਦ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਦਿੱਖ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ, ਇੱਕ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼ ਤੋਂ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pa" dir="ltr"><p><b>ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਬੋਲੀ </b>ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਖੇਤਰ ਦੀ ਉਹ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਭਾਸ਼ਾ">ਭਾਸ਼ਾ</a> ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਉਸ ਖਿਤੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਖਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਮੌਖਿਕ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਿੱਕੇਬੰਦ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਨਤ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਉਸ ਖਿੱਤੇ ਦੀਆਂ ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਪ੍ਰਚਲਤ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਰੂਪਾਂ ਦਾ ਸਾਂਝਾ ਅਤੇ ਸਰਬ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਨਤ ਰੂਪ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਵਿੱਚ "ਟਕਸਾਲੀ", ਸ਼ਬਦ ਸਿੱਕਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਟਕਸਾਲ ਤੋਂ ਲਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਜਾਪਦਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਕਿਸੇ ਦੇਸ ਜਾਂ ਖਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਨਤ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਉਵੇਂ ਹੀ ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵੀ ਕਿਸੇ ਖਿਤੇ ਦੀ ਸਰਬ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਨਤ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਆਮ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਉਸ ਖਿਤੇ ਦੇ ਸਮਾਜਕ-ਆਰਥਕ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਵਿਕਸਤ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਦੀ ਹੀ ਬਣਦੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਇਹ ਰੁਤਬਾ ਸਮੇਂ ਨਾਲ਼ ਬਦਲਦਾ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ਦੂਜੇ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਕਿਸੇ ਖਿਤੇ ਦੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਵਲੋਂ ਬੋਲੀਆਂ ਜਾਂਦੀਆਂ ਵਿਲਖਣ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਰੂਪ ਵਾਲੀ ਭਾਸਾ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਆ।<sup id="cite_ref-fineganp14_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fineganp14-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਇਹ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿਆਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਤੇ ਸ਼ਬਦਕੋਸ਼ ਰੂਪ ਵਾਲੀ ਬਣ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਨਾਲ ਇਹ ਹੋਰ ਵੀ ਮਿਆਰੀ ਰੂਪ ਵਾਲੀ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਹਵਾਲਾ ਸ੍ਰੋਤਾਂ ਵਜੋਂ ਵਰਤੀ ਜਾਣ ਲੱਗ ਪੈਂਦੀ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-fineganp14_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fineganp14-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਉਹ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਤੌਰ ਉੱਤੇ ਮਾਨਤਾ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਹੋਵੇ। ਜੋ ਮਾਂਝੀ ਸਵਾਰੀ ਹੋਵੇ ਤੇ ਵਿਆਕਰਨਿਕ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਹੋਵੇ, ਉਸ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦੇ ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਯਾ ਉਤਮ ਰੂਪ ਨੂੰ ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ। </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ"><span id=".E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BF.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A9.87.E0.A8.B8.E0.A8.BC.E0.A8.A4.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.82"></span>ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE&action=edit&section=1" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ਵਖ ਵਖ ਬੋਲੀਆਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਵਿਚੋਂ ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਬਣਨ ਦੀ ਇੱਕੋ ਲੋੜ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਬੋਲੀ ਲੋਕਾਈ ਵਲੋਂ ਵਡੇ ਪਧਰ ਤੇ ਵਰਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੋਵੇ।<sup id="cite_ref-fineganp14_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fineganp14-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਟਕਸਾਲੀ ਬੋਲੀ ਦੀਆਂ ਹੇਠ ਲਿਖੀਆਂ ਅਹਿਮ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾਵਾਂ ਹਨ: </p> <ul><li>ਪ੍ਰਵਾਨਤ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਡਿਕਸ਼ਨਰੀ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਡਿਕਸ਼ਨਰੀ</a>, ਮਿਆਰੀ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%8B%E0%A9%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼ਬਦ ਜੋੜ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਸ਼ਬਦ ਜੋੜ</a> ਅਤੇ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼ਬਦ ਭੰਡਾਰ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਸ਼ਬਦ ਭੰਡਾਰ</a></li> <li>ਪ੍ਰਵਾਨਤ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਗਰਾਮਰ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਗਰਾਮਰ</a></li> <li>ਮਿਆਰੀ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%89%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਉੱਚਾਰਣ (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਉੱਚਾਰਣ</a></li> <li>ਭਾਵ ਪੂਰਤ ਜਨ-ਵਰਤੋਂ(ਸਕੂਲਾਂ,ਵਿਧਾਨ ਸਭਾ, ਅਦਾਲਤਾਂ)</li> <li>ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਕਿਰਤਾਂ ਲੈ ਵਰਤੋਂ</li> <li>ਜਾਂ ਸੰਚਾਰ ਮਾਧਿਅਮਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਰਤੋਂ</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span id=".E0.A8.B9.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.87"></span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE&action=edit&section=2" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r636460">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output 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id="cite_note-fineganp14-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-fineganp14_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-fineganp14_2-1">2.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-fineganp14_2-2">2.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r765793">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFinegan2007" class="citation book cs1">Finegan, Edward (2007). <i>Language: Its Structure and Use</i> (5th ed.). Boston, MA, USA: Thomson Wadsworth. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4/978-1-4130-3055-6" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਕਿਤਾਬ ਸਰੋਤ/978-1-4130-3055-6"><bdi>978-1-4130-3055-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Language%3A+Its+Structure+and+Use&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA%2C+USA&rft.pages=14&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Thomson+Wadsworth&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4130-3055-6&rft.aulast=Finegan&rft.aufirst=Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਬੋਧ </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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