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cellspacing="0" width="128"> <tr align="Left"> <td bgcolor="#999999" height="18" width="2"> </td> <td bgcolor="#999999" height="18" width="100%"> <font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#FFFFFF" size="2"><b>Search this site</b></font></td> </tr> <tr> <td height="3" colspan="2"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/sp.gif" alt="" height="1" width="1"></td> </tr> <tr> <form method="GET" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://browse.guardian.co.uk/search"> <td width="100%" colspan="2"> <font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="1"> <input type="TEXT" name="search" size="10" style="width: 80px"> <input type="SUBMIT" value="Go"> </font> </td> </form> </tr> </table> <br/>  <br> <br>  <font face="Geneva,Arial,sans-serif" size="2"><b>Go to ...</b></font><hr noshade size="1"><font face="Geneva,Arial,sans-serif" size="1"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/iraq">Special report: Iraq</a><br></font><p><font face="Geneva,Arial,sans-serif" size="1"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/iraq">Iraq archive</a><br></font><p><font face="Geneva,Arial,sans-serif" size="1"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/comment/0,,796009,00.html">More comment and analysis on Iraq</a><br></font><p><font face="Geneva,Arial,sans-serif" size="1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/interactives/0,12793,876854,00.html">Iraq: interactive guides</a><br></font><p><font face="Geneva,Arial,sans-serif" size="1"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/saddam-hussein">Full coverage: the trial of Saddam Hussein</a><br></font><p><br><br> </td><td></td><td height="1" valign="top"><a name="content"></a>   <style type="text/css">  </style> <div class="maintrail"><font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"> <p><b>From the archives:</b> We present a selection of news articles, comment and analysis at key moments in the history of Iraq from the Guardian and Observer. <br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/iraq">Special report: Iraq</a></p> <b>First world war</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1917/mar/16/iraq.fromthearchive">British welcome in Baghdad</a></span><br/><b>March 16 1917: </b>Our vanguard entered Baghdad soon after nine o'clock this morning. The city is approached by an unmetalled road between palm groves and orange gardens. </p> <b>Overthrow of President Aref</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1968/jul/18/iraq.davidhirst">Ba'athists now put Iraq first</a></span><br/><b>July 18 1968: </b>In the first major Arab coup since the June war, Iraqi armed forces in the name of the Revolution Command Council this morning overthrew the regime of President Aref. </p> <b>Saddam Hussein comes to power</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1979/jul/18/iraq.davidhirst">Iraq's new leader faces triple challenge</a></span><br/><b>July 18 1979:</b> With the "resignation" of President Hassan al-Bakr of Iraq, Mr Siddam (sic) Hussein Takriti, long the "strongman" of the Ba'athist regime, has finally emerged as its uncontested master. But the Government as a whole is almost certainly the weaker for it. </p> <b>Iran and Iraq</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1988/oct/17/iraq.iran">Kurd claims confirmed</a></span><br/><b> September 27 1988:</b> American doctors find 'overwhelming evidence' of use of chemical weapons by Iraqis. <br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1988/aug/20/iraq.iran">20.08.88: Shipping row threatens Gulf peace</a></p> <b>The 1991 Gulf war</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1990/aug/03/iraq.davidhirst">Superpowers unite on Iraq</a></span><br/><b>August 3 1990: </b>Overwhelmed Kuwaiti forces continue to fight invaders. </p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/01/iraq">Kuwaiti population learns to live with occupying force</a></span><br/><b>January 1 1991:</b> Kuwaiti markets are stocked with food, some restaurants and clubs have reopened, and almost 150,000 Kuwaitis are staying on in the Iraqi-conquered territory despite a countdown to war, according to a resident. <br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/04/iraq.davidsharrock">04.01.91: Saddam 'poised to pull out of Kuwait'</a><br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/08/iraq.michaelsimmons">08.01.91: Majority back use of force</a><br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/10/iraq.martinwalker">Last hope for peace lies with UN chief</a></p> <div id="OvertureDivHolder"><div id="OvertureDiv"></div></div> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/17/iraq.davidfairhall">Allied planes bomb Iraq</a></span><br/><b>January 17 1991:</b> Bombs rained down on Baghdad and other targets in Iraq and Kuwait early today as the long months of waiting in the Gulf crisis finally ended. <br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/17/iraq">17.01.91: Nato calls emergency meeting</a><br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/18/iraq.davidfairhall">18.01.91: Iraqi missiles strike Israel</a><br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/24/iraq">24.01.91: Allied bombs 'hit civilians'</a></p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/feb/16/iraq.davidfairhall">Bush rejects peace 'hoax'</a></span><br/><b>February 16 1991:</b> President Bush yesterday brushed aside an Iraqi offer to withdraw from Kuwait as a cruel hoax, and called on the Iraqi people to overthrow Saddam Hussein as allied bombers continued to pound Baghdad. </p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/feb/26/iraq.fromthearchive">Beyond Basra</a></span><br/><b>February 26 1991, leader:</b> It has started so seemingly smoothly that political minds are already turning to how it will finish. </p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/mar/07/iraq.davidberesford">Saddam wins upper hand over rebels</a></span><br/><b>March 7 1991: </b>Loyalist Republican Guards using tanks and artillery appeared yesterday to make further ground against lightly armed Shi'ite rebels in a ferocious struggle for the control of the city of Basra. <br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/mar/08/iraq.fromthearchive">08.03.1991, leader: No help for the people</a></p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/may/18/iraq.edvulliamy">Fear at the end of the Basra road</a></span><br/><b>May 18 1991: </b>The frontline town in southern Iraq was flattened by air attack and ravaged by civil war. Now a weary population lives in fear of political recrimination and in the shadow of the greatest leveller of all - cholera. <br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jul/27/iraq.fromthearchive">27.07.1991: Beaten Basra knows little about UN guards</a></p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/apr/03/iraq.martinwoollacott1">Refugees appeal for western intervention</a></span><br/><b>April 3 1991:</b> Turkey says that 200,000 are in danger as Kurds flee north - the plight of a doomed people and their pleas for help </p> <b>The 1991 Gulf war: comment and analysis</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1990/aug/03/iraq">A ruthless and brutal operator</a></span><br/><b>August 3 1990:</b> Liz Thurgood looks at Saddam's career, and the help it has had from abroad. </p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/02/iraq">US and Iraq size up and count down</a></span><br/><b>January 2 1991, Fred Halliday:</b> The January 15 deadline approaches, but it is still unclear whether President Saddam Hussein accepts that the apparent determination of the United States and its allies to go to war to enforce their demands means that he must withdraw from Kuwait. <br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/feb/21/iraq.hugoyoung">03.01.91, Hugo Young: What the war is still about</a><br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/03/iraq.hugoyoung">03.01.91, Hugo Young: One man and world tragedy</a><br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/13/iraq">13.01.91, Serge July: Storm in the desert</a><br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/15/iraq">15.01.1991, leader: It was the second policy that failed</a></p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/16/iraq">Debate at deadline</a></span><br/><b>January 16 1991, leader</b>: Saddam Hussein, said our prime minister, far from showing signs of withdrawing from Kuwait, continued even this week to reinforce there. </p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/17/iraq2">Suddenly the sky turns orange</a></span><br/><b>January 17 1991, leader</b>: So, with scant pause, it begins. Desert Shield turns to Desert Storm in the middle of America's evening news bulletins. <br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/21/iraq">21.01.91, leader: From the movie to the war</a><br/> <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/jan/18/iraq1">18.01.91, leader: Power, in the first few days</a></p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/1991/feb/01/iraq.oilspills">The 462 million gallon question</a></span><br/><b>February 1 1991: </b>It is the 'Mother of oil spills' but can nature fight back? <b>John Vidal</b> reports on the ecological catastrophe unfolding in the Gulf. </p> <b>The conflict remembered</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/2001/jan/12/iraq.worlddispatch">Saddam: serpent in the Garden of Eden</a></span><br/><b>January 12 2001:</b> The Gulf war exposed western hypocrisy and made a hero of a tyrant, says Middle East editor <b>Brian Whitaker</b>. </p> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Guardian/world/2001/jan/14/iraq.comment">A war without end</a></span><br/><b>January 14, 2001</b> A decade after the Gulf war, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein still sits in his stronghold of Baghdad. <b>John Nichol</b>, who was captured during the conflict, asks if it was all worth it. </p> <b>In pictures</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/gall/0,,423152,00.html">Gulf war: 10 years on</a></span><br/>Events in Iraq since the 1991 Gulf war, illustrated in words and pictures. </p> <b>Interactive guide</b><hr size="1"> <p><span class="mainlink"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/flash/0,5860,423247,00.html">Desert Storm: how it happened</a></span><br/>A step-by-step look at the build-up to the 1991 Gulf conflict and the military action that followed. </p> <b>Detailed chronology</b><hr size="1"> <p>Here we present a guide to the main events in Iraq in recent years, with links to the relevant articles. <br/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/page/0,12438,793802,00.html">July 16 1979 to January 31 2004</a><br/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/page/0,12438,1151021,00.html">February 1 2004 to December 31 2004</a><br/> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/page/0,12438,1394573,00.html">January 1 2005 - present</a></p></font></div>  <br><br><a href="#top"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/football/site/Triangle_up.gif" width="12" height="11" alt="UP" border="0"></a><br><br>  </td></tr></table>  <table width="544" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr> <td><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/sp.gif" width="32" height="1" alt=""></td> <td><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/sp.gif" width="128" height="1" alt=""></td> <td><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/sp.gif" width="128" height="1" alt=""></td> <td><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/sp.gif" width="128" height="1" alt=""></td> <td><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/sp.gif" width="128" height="1" alt=""></td> </tr> <tr><td> </td><td height="1" valign="top"></td><td height="1" valign="top"></td><td height="1" valign="top"></td><td height="1" valign="top"></td></tr></table>  <table width="544" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr> <td><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/sp.gif" width="32" height="1" alt=""></td> <td><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://image.guardian.co.uk/sp.gif" width="512" height="1" alt=""></td> </tr> <tr><td> </td><td height="1" valign="top"></td></tr></table></center> <center><div id="footerLinks"><a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Users/help/article/0,,933905,00.html">Privacy policy</a>  |  <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Users/help/article/0,,933909,00.html">Terms & conditions</a>  |  <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://adinfo-guardian.co.uk/">Advertising guide</a>  |  <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/azindex/0,,,00.html">A-Z index</a>  |  <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/inside">Inside guardian.co.uk</a>  |  <a href="/web/20130128004518/http://www.guardian.co.uk/information/0,,711853,00.html">About this site</a><br/><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518/http://dating.guardiansoulmates.co.uk/">Join our dating site today</a><br/></div><br><font size="1" face="Geneva,Arial,sans-serif">guardian.co.uk © Guardian News and Media Limited 2011</font><br></center>  <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20130128004518js_/http://www.guardian.co.uk/external/RS/funcs/0,,,00.js"></script>   <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20130128004518js_/http://www.guardian.co.uk/external/revenue_science/0,,,00.js"></script>   <script type="text/javascript">  </script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518im_/http://pix01.revsci.net/E05516/a3/0/0/0/0/0/0/0/0/0/noscript.gif"/> </noscript>   <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130128004518js_/http://js.revsci.net/gateway/gw.js?csid=E05516"></script>   <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20130128004518js_/http://www.guardian.co.uk/external/RS/DartCookie/0,,,00.js"></script>  </body> </html>