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River</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: White Water River"> <meta name="keywords" content="White Water River"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="White Water River"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9868</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: White Water River</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9868</span> The Risk Assessments of Water Quality in Selected White Water River in Malaysia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaffry%20Zakaria">Jaffry Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Azlina%20Hasbullah"> Nor Azlina Hasbullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research on water quality based on 'Water Quality Index' (WQI) has been on the run along Kampar River in Perak State of Malaysia. This study was conducted to achieve several key objective that determe the value of the parameters that were studied based on Water Quality Index (WQI). The parameters include Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Suspended Solids. In this study, three sampling stations were selected. Through observations from the researchers, several pollutions were found occurring along the research area such as the disposal of waste water directly without treatment from villagers, widespread dumping of solid waste and the development of the surrounding areas that contributed to the pollution of Sungai Kampar in Perak, Malaysia. Sungai Kampar is commonly used for water recreational activities as well as for bathing purposes. Results showed that Sungai Kampar is classified under category III. According to Interim National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia (INWQS), rivers in the third grade are clean but not suitable for river recreational activities. Therefore, there is a requirement to investigate and analysis the water quality of all white water rivers in Malaysia focusing on the area of water activities. The combination of technology and risk management based on risk assessments can help the recreational industry to survive in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessments" title="risk assessments">risk assessments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=White%20Water%20River" title=" White Water River"> White Water River</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20index%20%28WQI%29" title=" water quality index (WQI)"> water quality index (WQI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Interim%20National%20Water%20Quality%20Standard%20for%20Malaysia%20%28INWQS%29" title=" Interim National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia (INWQS)"> Interim National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia (INWQS)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68089/the-risk-assessments-of-water-quality-in-selected-white-water-river-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9867</span> Uranium and Thorium Measurements in the Water along Oum Er-Rabia River (Morocco)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Oufni">L. Oufni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Amrane"> M. Amrane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, different river water samples have been collected and analyzed from different locations along Oum Er-Rabia River in Morocco. The uranium (238U) and thorium (232Th) concentrations were investigated in the studied river and dam water samples using Solid State Nuclear Track Detector (SSNTD). Mean activity concentrations of uranium and thorium in water were found to be between 12 – 37 Bq m^-3 and 2-10 Bq m^-3, respectively. The pH measured at all river water samples was slightly alkaline and ranged from 7.5 to 8.75. The electrical conductivity ranged from 2790 to 794 µS cm^-1. It was found that uranium and thorium concentrations were correlated with some chemical parameters in Oum Er-Rabia River water. The uranium concentrations found in river water are insignificant from the radiological point of view. The recommended value for uranium in drinking water based on its toxicity given by the Federal Environment Agency. This corresponds to an activity concentration of 238U of 123.5 mBq L^-1. In none of the samples, the uranium activity exceeds this value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uranium" title="uranium">uranium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thorium" title=" thorium"> thorium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductivity" title=" conductivity"> conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSNTD" title=" SSNTD"> SSNTD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47873/uranium-and-thorium-measurements-in-the-water-along-oum-er-rabia-river-morocco" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9866</span> Tourists' Perception to the Service Quality of White Water Rafting in Bali: Case Study of Ayung River</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ni%20Putu%20Evi%20Wijayanti">Ni Putu Evi Wijayanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Made%20Darmiati"> Made Darmiati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ni%20Ketut%20Wiwiek%20Agustina"> Ni Ketut Wiwiek Agustina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Putu%20Gde%20Arie%20Yudhistira"> Putu Gde Arie Yudhistira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcel%20Hardono"> Marcel Hardono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research study discusses the tourists’ perception to white water rafting service quality in Bali (Case Study: Ayung River). The aim is to determine the tourists’ perception to: firstly, the services quality of white water rafting trip in Bali, secondly, is to determine which dimensions of the service quality that need to take main handling priority in accordance with the level of important service of white water rafting company’s working performance toward the service quality of rafting in Bali especially on Ayung Riveri, lastly, is to know the efforts are needed to improve the service quality of white water rafting trip for tourist in Bali, specifically on Ayung River. This research uses the concept of the service quality with five principal dimensions, namely: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy. Location of the research is tourist destination area of the Ayung River, that lies between the boundary of Badung Regency at Western part and Gianyar Regency eastern side. There are three rafting companies located on the Ayung River. This research took 100 respondents who were selected as a sample by using purposive sampling method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to domestic tourists then tabulated using the weighting scale (Likert scale) and analyzed using analysis of the benefit performance (important performance analysis) in the form of Cartesian diagram. The results of the research are translated into three points. Firstly, there are 23 indicators assessed by the service aspect of domestic tourists where the highest value is the aspect of familiarity between the tourist and employees with points (0.29) and the lowest score is the aspect of the clarity of the Ayung River water discharge value (-0.35). This shows that the indicator has not been fully able to meet the expectations of service aspects of the rating. Secondly, the dimensions of service quality that requires serious attention is the dimension of tangibles. The third point is the efforts that needs to be done adapted to the results of the Cartesian diagram breaks down into four quadrants. Based on the results of the research suggested to the manager of the white water rafting tour in order to continuously improve the service quality to tourists, performing new innovations in terms of product variations, provide insight and training to its employees to increase their competence, especially in the field of excellent service so that the satisfaction rating can be achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title="perception">perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rafting" title=" rafting"> rafting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20quality" title=" service quality"> service quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourist%20satisfaction" title=" tourist satisfaction"> tourist satisfaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77003/tourists-perception-to-the-service-quality-of-white-water-rafting-in-bali-case-study-of-ayung-river" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9865</span> Study on Ecological Water Demand Evaluation of Typical Mountainous Rivers in Zhejiang Province: Taking Kaihua River as an Example</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaiping%20Xu">Kaiping Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiju%20You"> Aiju You</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Hua"> Lei Hua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In view of the ecological environmental problems and protection needs of mountainous rivers in Zhejiang province, a suitable ecological water demand evaluation system was established based on investigation and monitoring. Taking the Kaihua river as an example, the research on ecological water demand and the current situation evaluation were carried out. The main types of ecological water demand in Majin River are basic ecological flow and lake wetland outside the river, and instream flow and water demands for water quality in Zhongcun river. In the wet season, each ecological water demand is 18.05m3/s and 2.56m3 / s, and in the dry season is 3.00m3/s and 0.61m3/s. Three indexes of flow, duration and occurrence time are used to evaluate the ecological water demand. The degree of ecological water demand in the past three years is low level of satisfaction. Meanwhile, the existing problems are analyzed, and put forward reasonable and operable safeguards and suggestions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhejiang%20province" title="Zhejiang province">Zhejiang province</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mountainous%20river" title=" mountainous river"> mountainous river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20water%20demand" title=" ecological water demand"> ecological water demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaihua%20river" title=" Kaihua river"> Kaihua river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94998/study-on-ecological-water-demand-evaluation-of-typical-mountainous-rivers-in-zhejiang-province-taking-kaihua-river-as-an-example" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9864</span> The Research of Water Levels in the Zhinvali Water Reservoir and Results of Field Research on the Debris Flow Tributaries of the River Tetri Aragvi Flowing in It</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Givi%20Gavardashvili">Givi Gavardashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduard%20Kukhalashvili"> Eduard Kukhalashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamriko%20Supatashvili"> Tamriko Supatashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giorgi%20Natroshvili"> Giorgi Natroshvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konstantine%20Bziava"> Konstantine Bziava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irma%20Qufarashvili"> Irma Qufarashvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the article to research water levels in the Zhinvali water reservoirs by field and theoretical research and using GPS and GIS technologies has been established dynamic of water reservoirs changes in the suitable coordinates and has been made water reservoir maps and is lined in the 3D format. By using of GPS coordinates and digital maps has been established water horizons of Zhinvali water reservoir in the absolute marks and has been calculated water levels volume. To forecast the filling of the Zhinvali water reservoir by solid sediment in 2018 conducted field experimental researches in the catchment basin of river Tetri (White) Aragvi. It has been established main hydrological and hydraulic parameters of the active erosion-debris flow tributaries of river Tetri Aragvi. It has been calculated erosion coefficient considering the degradation of the slope. By calculation is determined, that in the river Tetri Aragvi catchment basin the value of 1% maximum discharge changes Q1% = 70,0 – 550,0 m3/sec, and erosion coefficient - E = 0,73 - 1,62, with suitable fifth class of erosion and intensity 50-100 tone/hectare in the year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhinvali%20soil%20dam" title="Zhinvali soil dam">Zhinvali soil dam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20reservoirs" title=" water reservoirs"> water reservoirs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20levels" title=" water levels"> water levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion" title=" erosion"> erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=debris%20flow" title=" debris flow"> debris flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104072/the-research-of-water-levels-in-the-zhinvali-water-reservoir-and-results-of-field-research-on-the-debris-flow-tributaries-of-the-river-tetri-aragvi-flowing-in-it" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9863</span> Development of Total Maximum Daily Load Using Water Quality Modelling as an Approach for Watershed Management in Malaysia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Che%20Osmi">S. A. Che Osmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20M.%20F.%20Wan%20Ishak"> W. M. F. Wan Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Kim"> H. Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Azman"> M. A. Azman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Ramli"> M. A. Ramli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> River is one of important water sources for many activities including industrial and domestic usage such as daily usage, transportation, power supply and recreational activities. However, increasing activities in a river has grown the sources of pollutant enters the water bodies, and degraded the water quality of the river. It becomes a challenge to develop an effective river management to ensure the water sources of the river are well managed and regulated. In Malaysia, several approaches for river management have been implemented such as Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) program for coordinating the management of resources in a natural environment based on river basin to ensure their sustainability lead by Department of Drainage and Irrigation (DID), Malaysia. Nowadays, Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) is one of the best approaches for river management in Malaysia. TMDL implementation is regulated and implemented in the United States. A study on the development of TMDL in Malacca River has been carried out by doing water quality monitoring, the development of water quality model by using Environmental Fluid Dynamic Codes (EFDC), and TMDL implementation plan. The implementation of TMDL will help the stakeholders and regulators to control and improve the water quality of the river. It is one of the good approaches for river management in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFDC" title="EFDC">EFDC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20management" title=" river management"> river management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TMDL" title=" TMDL"> TMDL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20modelling" title=" water quality modelling"> water quality modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57750/development-of-total-maximum-daily-load-using-water-quality-modelling-as-an-approach-for-watershed-management-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9862</span> Application of Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model for Forecasting Monthly Flows in Waterval River, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kassahun%20Birhanu%20Tadesse">Kassahun Birhanu Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megersa%20Olumana%20Dinka"> Megersa Olumana Dinka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reliable future river flow information is basic for planning and management of any river systems. For data scarce river system having only a river flow records like the Waterval River, a univariate time series models are appropriate for river flow forecasting. In this study, a univariate Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model was applied for forecasting Waterval River flow using GRETL statistical software. Mean monthly river flows from 1960 to 2016 were used for modeling. Different unit root tests and Mann-Kendall trend analysis were performed to test the stationarity of the observed flow time series. The time series was differenced to remove the seasonality. Using the correlogram of seasonally differenced time series, different SARIMA models were identified, their parameters were estimated, and diagnostic check-up of model forecasts was performed using white noise and heteroscedasticity tests. Finally, based on minimum Akaike Information (AIc) and Hannan-Quinn (HQc) criteria, SARIMA (3, 0, 2) x (3, 1, 3)12 was selected as the best model for Waterval River flow forecasting. Therefore, this model can be used to generate future river information for water resources development and management in Waterval River system. SARIMA model can also be used for forecasting other similar univariate time series with seasonality characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heteroscedasticity" title="heteroscedasticity">heteroscedasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stationarity%20test" title=" stationarity test"> stationarity test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trend%20analysis" title=" trend analysis"> trend analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20noise" title=" white noise"> white noise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82308/application-of-seasonal-autoregressive-integrated-moving-average-model-for-forecasting-monthly-flows-in-waterval-river-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9861</span> Ecological-Economics Evaluation of Water Treatment Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hwasuk%20Jung">Hwasuk Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seoi%20Lee"> Seoi Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongchoon%20Ryou"> Dongchoon Ryou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pyungjong%20Yoo"> Pyungjong Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seokmo%20Lee"> Seokmo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Nakdong River being used as drinking water sources for Pusan metropolitan city has the vulnerability of water management due to the fact that industrial areas are located in the upper Nakdong River. Most citizens of Busan think that the water quality of Nakdong River is not good, so they boil or use home filter to drink tap water, which causes unnecessary individual costs to Busan citizens. We need to diversify water intake to reduce the cost and to change the weak water source. Under this background, this study was carried out for the environmental accounting of Namgang dam water treatment system compared to Nakdong River water treatment system by using emergy analysis method to help making reasonable decision. Emergy analysis method evaluates quantitatively both natural environment and human economic activities as an equal unit of measure. The emergy transformity of Namgang dam’s water was 1.16 times larger than that of Nakdong River’s water. Namgang Dam’s water shows larger emergy transformity than that of Nakdong River’s water due to its good water quality. The emergy used in making 1 m3 tap water from Namgang dam water treatment system was 1.26 times larger than that of Nakdong River water treatment system. Namgang dam water treatment system shows larger emergy input than that of Nakdong river water treatment system due to its construction cost of new pipeline for intaking Namgang daw water. If the Won used in making 1 m3 tap water from Nakdong river water treatment system is 1, Namgang dam water treatment system used 1.66. If the Em-won used in making 1 m3 tap water from Nakdong river water treatment system is 1, Namgang dam water treatment system used 1.26. The cost-benefit ratio of Em-won was smaller than that of Won. When we use emergy analysis, which considers the benefit of a natural environment such as good water quality of Namgang dam, Namgang dam water treatment system could be a good alternative for diversifying intake source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergy" title="emergy">emergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergy%20transformity" title=" emergy transformity"> emergy transformity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Em-won" title=" Em-won"> Em-won</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment%20system" title=" water treatment system"> water treatment system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50976/ecological-economics-evaluation-of-water-treatment-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9860</span> Assessment of the Water Quality of the Nhue River in Vietnam and its Suitability for Irrigation Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thi%20Lan%20Huong%20Nguyen">Thi Lan Huong Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Motohei%20Kanayama"> Motohei Kanayama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takahiro%20Higashi"> Takahiro Higashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Van%20Chinh%20Le"> Van Chinh Le</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thu%20Ha%20Doan"> Thu Ha Doan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anh%20Dao%20Chu"> Anh Dao Chu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Nhue River in Vietnam is the main source of irrigation water for suburban agricultural land and fish farm. Wastewater from the industrial plants located along these rivers has been discharged, which has degraded the water quality of the rivers. The present paper describes the chemical properties of water from the river focusing on heavy metal pollution and the suitability of water quality for irrigation. Water from the river was heavily polluted with heavy metals such as Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Ni. Dissolved oxygen, COD, and total suspended solids, and the concentrations of all heavy metals exceeded the Vietnamese standard for surface water quality in all investigated sites. The concentrations of some heavy metals such as Cu, Cd, Cr and Ni were over the internationally recommended WHO maximum limits for irrigation water. A wide variation in heavy metal concentration of water due to metal types is the result of wastewater discharged from different industrial sources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title="heavy metals">heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stream%20water" title=" stream water"> stream water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation" title=" irrigation"> irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry" title=" industry"> industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3344/assessment-of-the-water-quality-of-the-nhue-river-in-vietnam-and-its-suitability-for-irrigation-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3344.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9859</span> Study on Practice of Improving Water Quality in Urban Rivers by Diverting Clean Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manjie%20Li">Manjie Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiangju%20Cheng"> Xiangju Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongcan%20Chen"> Yongcan Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, water environmental deterioration is widespread in majority of urban rivers, which seriously affects city image and life satisfaction of residents. As an emergency measure to improve water quality, clean water diversion is introduced for water environmental management. Lubao River and Southwest River, two urban rivers in typical plain tidal river network, are identified as technically and economically feasible for the application of clean water diversion. One-dimensional hydrodynamic-water quality model is developed to simulate temporal and spatial variations of water level and water quality, with satisfactory accuracy. The mathematical model after calibration is applied to investigate hydrodynamic and water quality variations in rivers as well as determine the optimum operation scheme of water diversion. Assessment system is developed for evaluation of positive and negative effects of water diversion, demonstrating the effectiveness of clean water diversion and the necessity of pollution reduction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment%20system" title="assessment system">assessment system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20water%20diversion" title=" clean water diversion"> clean water diversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrodynamic-water%20quality%20model" title=" hydrodynamic-water quality model"> hydrodynamic-water quality model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tidal%20river%20network" title=" tidal river network"> tidal river network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20rivers" title=" urban rivers"> urban rivers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20environment%20improvement" title=" water environment improvement"> water environment improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90577/study-on-practice-of-improving-water-quality-in-urban-rivers-by-diverting-clean-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9858</span> Evaluation of Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolved Oxygen for Thames River by Using Stream Water Quality Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghassan%20Al-Dulaimi">Ghassan Al-Dulaimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studied the biochemical parameter (BOD5) and (DO) for the Thames River (Canada-Ontario). Water samples have been collected from Thames River along different points between Chatham to Woodstock and were analysed for various water quality parameters during the low flow season (April). The study involves the application of the stream water quality model QUAL2K model to simulate and predict the dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) profiles for Thames River in a stretch of 251 kilometers. The model output showed that DO in the entire river was within the limit of not less than 4 mg/L. For Carbonaceous Biochemical Oxygen Demand CBOD, the entire river may be divided into two main reaches; the first one is extended from Chatham City (0 km) to London (150 km) and has a CBOD concentration of 2 mg/L, and the second reach has CBOD range (2–4) mg/L in which begins from London city and extend to near Woodstock city (73km). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochemical%20oxygen%20demand" title="biochemical oxygen demand">biochemical oxygen demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissolved%20oxygen" title=" dissolved oxygen"> dissolved oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thames%20river" title=" Thames river"> Thames river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QUAL2K%20model" title=" QUAL2K model"> QUAL2K model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158505/evaluation-of-biochemical-oxygen-demand-and-dissolved-oxygen-for-thames-river-by-using-stream-water-quality-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9857</span> Science and Monitoring Underpinning River Restoration: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geoffrey%20Gilfillan">Geoffrey Gilfillan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Barham"> Peter Barham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Smallwood"> Lisa Smallwood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Harper"> David Harper</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ‘Welland for People and Wildlife’ project aimed to improve the River Welland’s ecology and water quality, and to make it more accessible to the community of Market Harborough. A joint monitoring project by the Welland Rivers Trust & University of Leicester was incorporated into the design. The techniques that have been used to measure its success are hydrological, geomorphological, and water quality monitoring, species and habitat surveys, and community engagement. Early results show improvements to flow and habitat diversity, water quality and biodiversity of the river environment. Barrier removal has increased stickleback mating activity, and decreased parasitically infected fish in sample catches. The habitats provided by the berms now boast over 25 native plant species, and the river is clearer, cleaner and with better-oxygenated water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20engagement" title="community engagement">community engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20monitoring" title=" ecological monitoring"> ecological monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20restoration" title=" river restoration"> river restoration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83993/science-and-monitoring-underpinning-river-restoration-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83993.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9856</span> Simulation of Flood Inundation in Kedukan River Using HEC-RAS and GIS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reini%20S.%20Ilmiaty">Reini S. Ilmiaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20B.%20Al%20Amin"> Muhammad B. Al Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarino"> Sarino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muzamil%20Jariski"> Muzamil Jariski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kedukan River is an artificial river which serves as a Watershed Boang drainage channel in Palembang. The river has upstream and downstream connected to Musi River, that often overflowing and flooding caused by the huge runoff discharge and high tide water level of Musi River. This study aimed to analyze the flood water surface profile on Kedukan River continued with flood inundation simulation to determine flooding prone areas in research area. The analysis starts from the peak runoff discharge calculations using rational method followed by water surface profile analysis using HEC-RAS program controlled by manual calculations using standard stages. The analysis followed by running flood inundation simulation using ArcGIS program that has been integrated with HEC-GeoRAS. Flood inundation simulation on Kedukan River creates inundation characteristic maps with depth, area, and circumference of inundation as the parameters. The inundation maps are very useful in providing an overview of flood prone areas in Kedukan River. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20modelling" title="flood modelling">flood modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEC-GeoRAS" title=" HEC-GeoRAS"> HEC-GeoRAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEC-RAS" title=" HEC-RAS"> HEC-RAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inundation%20map" title=" inundation map"> inundation map</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36622/simulation-of-flood-inundation-in-kedukan-river-using-hec-ras-and-gis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9855</span> Evaluation of Fluoride Contents of Kirkuk City's Drinking Water and Its Source: Lesser Zab River and Its Effect on Human Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20R.%20Ali">Abbas R. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safa%20H.%20Abdulrahman"> Safa H. Abdulrahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, forty samples had been collected from water of Lesser Zab River and drinking water to determine fluoride concentration and show the impact of fluoride on general health of society of Kirkuk city. Estimation of fluoride concentration and determination of its proportion in water samples were performed attentively using a fluoride ion selective electrode. The fluoride concentrations in the Lesser Zab River samples were between 0.0265 ppm and 0.0863 ppm with an average of 0.0451 ppm, whereas the average fluoride concentration in drinking water samples was 0.102 ppm and ranged from 0.010 to 0.289 ppm. A comparison between results obtained with World Health Organization (WHO) show a low concentration of fluoride in the samples of the study. Thus, for health concerns we should increase the concentration of this ion in water of Kirkuk city at least to about (1.0 ppm) and this will take place after fluorination process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluoride%20concentration" title="fluoride concentration">fluoride concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lesser%20zab%20river" title=" lesser zab river"> lesser zab river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drinking%20water" title=" drinking water"> drinking water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20society" title=" health society"> health society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirkuk%20city" title=" Kirkuk city"> Kirkuk city</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51317/evaluation-of-fluoride-contents-of-kirkuk-citys-drinking-water-and-its-source-lesser-zab-river-and-its-effect-on-human-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9854</span> Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination and Assessment of the Suitability of Water for Irrigation: A Case Study of the Sand River, Limpopo Province, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ngonidzashe%20Moyo">Ngonidzashe Moyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mmaditshaba%20Rapatsa"> Mmaditshaba Rapatsa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The primary objective of this study was to determine heavy metal contamination in the water, sediment, grass and fish in Sand River, South Africa. This river passes through an urban area and sewage effluent is discharged into it. Water from the Sand river is subsequently used for irrigation downstream of the sewage treatment works. The suitability of this water and the surrounding boreholes for irrigation was determined. This study was undertaken between January, 2014 and January, 2015. Monthly samples were taken from four sites. Sites 1 was upstream of the Polokwane Wastewater Treatment Plant, sites 2, 3 and 4 were downstream. Ten boreholes in the vicinity of the Sand River were randomly selected and the water was tested for heavy metal contamination. The concentration of heavy metals in Sand River water followed the order Mn>Fe>Pb>Cu≥Zn≥Cd. Manganese concentration averaged 0.34 mg/L. Heavy metal concentration in the sediment, grass and fish followed the order Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd. The bioaccumulation factor from grass to fish was highest in manganese (19.25), followed by zinc (16.39) and iron (14.14). Soil permeability index (PI) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were used to determine the suitability of Sand River and borehole water for irrigation. The PI index for Sand River water was 75.1% and this indicates that Sand River water is suitable for irrigation of crops. The PI index for the borehole water ranged from 65.8-72.8% and again this indicates suitability of borehole water for crop irrigation. The sodium adsorption ratio also indicated that both Sand River and borehole water were suitable for irrigation. A risk assessment study is recommended to determine the suitability of the fish for human consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioaccumulation" title="bioaccumulation">bioaccumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailability" title=" bioavailability"> bioavailability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20adsorption%20ratio" title=" sodium adsorption ratio"> sodium adsorption ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81675/evaluation-of-heavy-metal-contamination-and-assessment-of-the-suitability-of-water-for-irrigation-a-case-study-of-the-sand-river-limpopo-province-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81675.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9853</span> Sustainable Transboundary Water Management: Challenges and Good Practices of Cooperation in International River Basin Districts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandra%20Ibragimow">Aleksandra Ibragimow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moritz%20Albrecht"> Moritz Albrecht</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eerika%20Albrecht"> Eerika Albrecht</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Close international cooperation between all countries within a river basin has become one of the key aspects of sustainable cross-border water management. This is due to the fact that water does not stop at administrative or political boundaries. Therefore, the preferred mode to protect and manage transnational water bodies is close cooperation between all countries and stakeholders within the natural hydrological unit of the river basin. However, past practices have demonstrated that combining interests of different countries and stakeholders with differing political systems and management approaches to environmental issues upstream as well as downstream can be challenging. The study focuses on particular problems and challenges of water management in international river basin districts by the example of the International Oder River Basin District. The Oder River is one of the largest cross-border rivers of the Baltic Sea basin passing through Poland, Germany, and the Czech Republic. Attention is directed towards the activities and the actions that were carried out during the Districts' first management cycle of transnational river basin management (2009-2015). The results show that actions of individual countries have been focused on the National Water Management Plans while a common appointment about identified supra-regional water management problems has not been solved, and conducted actions can be considered as preliminary and merely a basis for future management. This present state raises the question whether the achievement of main objectives of Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) can be a realistic task. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=International%20River%20Basin%20Districts" title="International River Basin Districts">International River Basin Districts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management" title=" water management"> water management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20frameworkdirective" title=" water frameworkdirective"> water frameworkdirective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management%20plans" title=" water management plans"> water management plans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51903/sustainable-transboundary-water-management-challenges-and-good-practices-of-cooperation-in-international-river-basin-districts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9852</span> Periodicity Analysis of Long-Term Waterquality Data Series of the Hungarian Section of the River Tisza Using Morlet Wavelet Spectrum Estimation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P%C3%A9ter%20Tanos">Péter Tanos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%B3zsef%20Kov%C3%A1cs"> József Kovács</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ang%C3%A9la%20Anda"> Angéla Anda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%A1bor%20V%C3%A1rb%C3%ADr%C3%B3"> Gábor Várbíró</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C3%A1ndor%20Moln%C3%A1r"> Sándor Molnár</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istv%C3%A1n%20G%C3%A1bor%20Hatvani"> István Gábor Hatvani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The River Tisza is the second largest river in Central Europe. In this study, Morlet wavelet spectrum (periodicity) analysis was used with chemical, biological and physical water quality data for the Hungarian section of the River Tisza. In the research 15, water quality parameters measured at 14 sampling sites in the River Tisza and 4 sampling sites in the main artificial changes were assessed for the time period 1993 - 2005. Results show that annual periodicity was not always to be found in the water quality parameters, at least at certain sampling sites. Periodicity was found to vary over space and time, but in general, an increase was observed in the company of higher trophic states of the river heading downstream. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annual%20periodicity%20water%20quality" title="annual periodicity water quality">annual periodicity water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatiotemporal%20variability%20of%20periodic%20behavior" title=" spatiotemporal variability of periodic behavior"> spatiotemporal variability of periodic behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morlet%20wavelet%20spectrum%20analysis" title=" Morlet wavelet spectrum analysis"> Morlet wavelet spectrum analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=River%20Tisza" title=" River Tisza"> River Tisza</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60822/periodicity-analysis-of-long-term-waterquality-data-series-of-the-hungarian-section-of-the-river-tisza-using-morlet-wavelet-spectrum-estimation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9851</span> Role of the Marshes in the Natural Decontamination of Surface Water: A Case of the Redjla Marsh, North-Eastern Algerian</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Benessam">S. Benessam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20H.%20Debieche"> T. H. Debieche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Drouiche"> A. Drouiche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Mahdid"> S. Mahdid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Zahi"> F. Zahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The marsh is the impermeable depression. It is not very deep and presents the stagnant water. Their water level varies according to the contributions of water (rain, groundwater, stream etc.), when this last reaches the maximum level of the marsh, it flows towards the downstream through the discharge system. The marsh accumulates all the liquid and solid contributions of upstream part. In the North-East Algerian, the Redjla marsh is located on the course of the Tassift river. Its contributions of water come from the upstream part of the river, often characterized by the presence of several pollutants in water related to the urban effluents, and its discharge system supply the downstream part of the river. In order to determine the effect of the marsh on the water quality of the river this study was conducted. A two-monthly monitoring of the physicochemical parameters and water chemistry of the river were carried out, before and after the marsh, during the period from November 2013 to January 2015. The results show that the marsh plays the role of a natural purifier of water of Tassift river, present by drops of conductivity and concentration of the pollutants (ammonium, phosphate, iron, chlorides and bicarbonates) between the upstream part and downstream of the marsh. That indicates that these pollutants are transformed with other chemical forms (case of ammonium towards nitrate), precipitated in complex forms or/and adsorbed by the sediments of the marsh. This storage of the pollutants in the ground of the marsh will be later on a source of pollution for the plants and river water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marsh" title="marsh">marsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20purification" title=" natural purification"> natural purification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20pollution" title=" urban pollution"> urban pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen" title=" nitrogen"> nitrogen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48329/role-of-the-marshes-in-the-natural-decontamination-of-surface-water-a-case-of-the-redjla-marsh-north-eastern-algerian" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9850</span> Accessing the 'No-Harm' Principle of Protection of the Mekong River’s Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hang%20Thuy%20Tran">Hang Thuy Tran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanh%20Hong%20Pham"> Hanh Hong Pham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ha%20Thanh%20Hoa"> Ha Thanh Hoa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From 2009 up to now, the water quantity and water quality of the Mekong River, located in the South of Vietnam, have been significantly reduced. The phenomenon happened as a result of climate change and human activities. The Mekong River is an international source of water, flowing across the borders of 6 countries, with Vietnam downstream. Activities to block the flow or build dams to construct hydroelectricity or diversion in upstream countries are either the direct cause or the risk of further deterioration of the water quality and quantity of the Mekong River, as evidenced by two phenomena which are a saline intrusion and transboundary water pollution. The protection of the crucial source of water is done through bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms, notably the Mekong River Commission, established by members of the Agreement on the Cooperation for the Sustainable Development of the Mekong River Basin 1995. In this document, under Article 7, the 'no-harm' principle requires member states to take appropriate measures to prevent causing substantial damage to other member states. This principle has been practiced through the work of a number of committees established by the commission. However, the content of the rules is undetailed, lacks an implementation monitoring mechanism, and has an unreasonable dispute solution. With such difficulties, the provisions in the principle of no-harm are not adequate to protect the Mekong River's water resources in the current context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=no-harm%20principle" title="no-harm principle">no-harm principle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transboundary%20water%20pollution" title=" transboundary water pollution"> transboundary water pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mekong%20Commission" title=" Mekong Commission"> Mekong Commission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20source%20of%20water" title=" international source of water"> international source of water</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134235/accessing-the-no-harm-principle-of-protection-of-the-mekong-rivers-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9849</span> Integrated Water Resources Management to Ensure Water Security of Arial Khan River Catchment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abul%20Kalam%20Azad">Abul Kalam Azad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water security has become an increasingly important issue both at the national and international levels. Bangladesh having an abundance of water during monsoon while the shortage of water during the dry season is far from being water secured. Though water security has been discussed discretely at a different level but a holistic effort to ensure water security is yet to be made. The elements of water security such as sectoral demands of water, conflicting requirements amongst the sectors, balancing between demand and supply including the quality of water can best be understood and managed in a catchment as it is the standard functioning unit. The Arial Khan River catchment consists of parts of Faridpur, Madaripur, Shariatpur and Barishal districts have all the components of water demands such as agriculture, domestic, commercial, industrial, forestry, fisheries, navigation or recreation and e-flow requirements. Based on secondary and primary data, water demands of various sectors have been determined. CROPWAT 8.0 has been used to determine the Agricultural Water Demand. Mean Annual Flow (MAF) and Flow Duration Curve (FDC) have been used to determine the e-flow requirements. Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP) based decision support tool as part of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has been utilized for ensuring the water security of the Arial Khan River catchment. Studies and practice around the globe connected with water security were consulted to mitigate the pressure on demand and supply including the options available to ensure the water security. Combining all the information, a framework for ensuring water security has been suggested for Arial Khan River catchment which can further be projected to river basin as well as for the country. This will assist planners and researchers to introduce the model for integrated water resources management of any catchment/river basins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20security" title="water security">water security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20demand" title=" water demand"> water demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20supply" title=" water supply"> water supply</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WEAP" title=" WEAP"> WEAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CROPWAT" title=" CROPWAT"> CROPWAT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191697/integrated-water-resources-management-to-ensure-water-security-of-arial-khan-river-catchment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191697.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">19</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9848</span> Metal (Loids) Speciation Using HPLC-ICP-MS Technique in Klodnica River, Upper Silesia, Poland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Jab%C5%82o%C5%84ska-Czapla">Magdalena Jabłońska-Czapla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The work allowed gaining knowledge about redox and speciation changes of As, Cr, and Sb ionic forms in Klodnica River water. This kind of studies never has been conducted in this region of Poland. In study optimized and validated previously HPLC-ICP-MS methods for determination of As, Sb and Cr was used. Separation step was done using high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with ion-exchange column followed by ICP-MS spectrometer detector. Preliminary studies included determination of the total concentration of As, Sb and Cr, pH, Eh, temperature and conductivity of the water samples. The study was conducted monthly from March to August 2014, at six points on the Klodnica River. The results indicate that exceeded at acceptable concentration of total Cr and Sb was observed in Klodnica River and we should qualify Klodnica River waters below the second purity class. In Klodnica River waters dominates oxidized antimony and arsenic forms, as well as the two forms of chromium Cr(VI) and Cr(III). Studies have also shown the methyl derivative of arsenic's presence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimony" title="antimony">antimony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arsenic" title=" arsenic"> arsenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromium" title=" chromium"> chromium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPLC-ICP-MS" title=" HPLC-ICP-MS"> HPLC-ICP-MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20water" title=" river water"> river water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speciation" title=" speciation"> speciation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17250/metal-loids-speciation-using-hplc-icp-ms-technique-in-klodnica-river-upper-silesia-poland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9847</span> Democratising Rivers: Local River Conflicts in Rajasthan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renu%20Sisodia">Renu Sisodia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempted to explore and explain the local level river water conflicts in the larger context of state - society relations. This study also covered causes of local level river water conflicts in the catchment area of Bandi and Arvari river of Rajasthan. The focus of the study was on the emergence of community driven, decentralised management of river water bodies and strategies used by local communities to protect and manage river water conflicts. The research is conducted through the process of designing a framework based on essential theoretical and practical findings supported by primary and secondary data. Two in depth case study is conducted to understand the phenomenon in depth. The first field site is Bandi River of Pali district, which is about the struggle between textile industries, community and the State government in which water pollution is said to be one of the driving force of the conflict. Finding shows that the state is supporting textile industries in Pali district have not been adherent to the environmental ethics. Present legal infrastructure and local institutions fail to resolve the serious problem of water pollution in Bandi River and its adverse impact on the local community as a result local community resistance against the local administration and the state government. The second case illustrates the plight of Arvari River in Alwar district. Tussle for the ownership of fisheries between local community, the private fish contractor and State government has been the main bone of contestation. To resolve this conflict local community formed conflict management mechanism named as Arvari Parliament. Arvari Parliament has its own principle and rules to resolve water conflicts related to ownership of the river and use of the river water. The research findings also highlight the co-existence between conventional and modern practices in resolving conflicts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title="water">water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20pollution" title=" water pollution"> water pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20conflicts" title=" water conflicts"> water conflicts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20scarcity" title=" water scarcity"> water scarcity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict%20resolution" title=" conflict resolution"> conflict resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20community" title=" local community"> local community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17582/democratising-rivers-local-river-conflicts-in-rajasthan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17582.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9846</span> River Analysis System Model for Proposed Weirs at Downstream of Large Dam, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chuenchooklin">S. Chuenchooklin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research was conducted in the Lower Ping River Basin downstream of the Bhumibol Dam and the Lower Wang River Basin in Tak Province, Thailand. Most of the tributary streams of the Ping can be considered as ungauged catchments. There are 10- pumping station installation at both river banks of the Ping in Tak Province. Recently, most of them could not fully operate due to the water amount in the river below the level that would be pumping, even though included water from the natural river and released flow from the Bhumibol Dam. The aim of this research was to increase the performance of those pumping stations using weir projects in the Ping. Therefore, the river analysis system model (HEC-RAS) was applied to study the hydraulic behavior of water surface profiles in the Ping River with both cases of existing conditions and proposed weirs during the violent flood in 2011 and severe drought in 2013. Moreover, the hydrologic modeling system (HMS) was applied to simulate lateral streamflow hydrograph from ungauged catchments of the Ping. The results of HEC-RAS model calibration with existing conditions in 2011 showed best trial roughness coefficient for the main channel of 0.026. The simulated water surface levels fitted to observation data with R2 of 0.8175. The model was applied to 3 proposed cascade weirs with 2.35 m in height and found surcharge water level only 0.27 m higher than the existing condition in 2011. Moreover, those weirs could maintain river water levels and increase of those pumping performances during less river flow in 2013. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEC-RAS" title="HEC-RAS">HEC-RAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HMS" title=" HMS"> HMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pumping%20stations" title=" pumping stations"> pumping stations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cascade%20weirs" title=" cascade weirs "> cascade weirs </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12884/river-analysis-system-model-for-proposed-weirs-at-downstream-of-large-dam-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9845</span> Morphological Characteristics and Development of the Estuary Area of Lam River, Vietnam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20Nguyen%20Tien">Hai Nguyen Tien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> On the basis of the structure of alluvial sediments explained by echo sounding data and remote sensing images, the following results can be given: The estuary of Lam river (from Ben Thuy bridge to Cua Hoi) is divided into 3 channel (location is calculated according to the river bank on the Nghe An province) : i) channel I (from Ben Thuy bridge to Hung Hoa) is the branching river; ii) channel II (from Hung Hoa to Nghi Thai is a channel develops in a meandering direction with a concave side toward Ha Tinh province; iii) channel III, from Nghi Thai to Cua Hoi is a channel develops in a meandering direction with a concave side toward Nghe An province. This estuary area is formed in the period from after the sea level dropped below 0m (current water level) to the present: i) Chanel II developed moving towards Ha Tinh provnce; ii) Chanel III developed moving towards Nghe An province; iii) In chanel I, a second river branch is formed because the flow of river cuts through the Hong Lam- Hong Nhat mudflat, at the same time creating an island. Morphological characteristics of the estuary area of Lam River are the main result of erosion and deposition activities corresponding to two water levels: low water level below 0 m and water level 0 m (current water level). Characteristics of the sediment layers on the riverbed in the estuary can be used to determine the sea levels in Late Holocene–Present. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lam%20River" title="Lam River">Lam River</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cua%20Hoi" title=" Cua Hoi"> Cua Hoi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20morphology" title=" river morphology"> river morphology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130853/morphological-characteristics-and-development-of-the-estuary-area-of-lam-river-vietnam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130853.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9844</span> Heavy Metal Pollution Status in the Water of River Benue along Ibi, Taraba State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20O.%20Oyatayo">I. O. Oyatayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20T.%20Oyatayo"> K. T. Oyatayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Mamman"> B. Mamman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed at the assessment of heavy metal pollution of the water in river Benue along Ibi, Taraba State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected at ten sampling points over a distance of 100 meters each. The following water quality parameters were determined: TDS, copper, zinc, chromium, iron, mercury, nickel, and manganese, and the results were compared with the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and WHO maximum permitted limits. The water quality analysis was conducted using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Model: 01-0960-00) at 510 nm. The mean value concentrations of copper, zinc, chromium, nickel, mercury, and mercury are within the permissible limits, while that of iron is above the limit. The summary of ANOVA single-factor statistics with a specified rejection level at α 0.05 is insignificant. The study concludes that the quality of water from river Benue along Ibi is deteriorating and unfit for human consumption. It was recommended that residents of the study area should be enlightened on the effects of indiscriminate dumping of waste and the proper handling and application of fertilizer and herbicides, as some of these end up in the river via surface runoff. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy" title="heavy">heavy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal" title=" metal"> metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title=" pollution"> pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river" title=" river"> river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibi" title=" Ibi"> Ibi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178946/heavy-metal-pollution-status-in-the-water-of-river-benue-along-ibi-taraba-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">49</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9843</span> Heilong-Amur River: From Disputed Border to Brigde of Cooperation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wan%20Wang">Wan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xing%20Li"> Xing Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the international river playing an increasingly important role in international relations, the border river between China and Russia has attracted more attention. During the history of Sino-Russian relations, Heilong-Amur River used to be a disputed border. The Sino-Russian transboundary water cooperation regarding the Heilong-Amur River started in 1950s and has obtained rapid improvement. In the 21st century, this cooperation has made substantial progress, which is worthy of a further study. However, this cooperation is facing with obstacles in aspects of economy, policy, implementation and mutual understandings. Under this circumstance, from the perspective of China, it is of necessity to realize these problems and take appropriate measures to promote the cooperation. The current Sino-Russian relations is conducive to transboundary water resources cooperation regarding the Heilong-Amur River and some measures adopted by China are already ongoing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperation" title=" cooperation"> cooperation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heilong-Amur%20River" title=" Heilong-Amur River"> Heilong-Amur River</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russia" title=" Russia"> Russia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55387/heilong-amur-river-from-disputed-border-to-brigde-of-cooperation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9842</span> Assessment of Water Quality Network in Karoon River by Dynamic Programming Approach (DPA)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nasri%20Nasrabadi">M. Nasri Nasrabadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Hassani"> A. A. Hassani </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Karoon is one of the greatest and longest rivers of Iran, which because of the existence of numerous industrial, agricultural centers and drinking usage, has a strategic situation in the west and southwest parts of Iran, and the optimal monitoring of its water quality is an essential and indispensable national issue. Due to financial constraints, water quality monitoring network design is an efficient way to manage water quality. The most crucial part is to find appropriate locations for monitoring stations. Considering the objectives of water usage, we evaluate existing water quality sampling stations of this river. There are several methods for assessment of existing monitoring stations such as Sanders method, multiple criteria decision making and dynamic programming approach (DPA) which DPA opted in this study. The results showed that due to the drinking water quality index out of 20 existing monitoring stations, nine stations should be retained on the river, that include of Gorgor-Band-Ghir of A zone, Dez-Band-Ghir of B zone, Teir, Pole Panjom and Zargan of C zone, Darkhoein, Hafar, Chobade, and Sabonsazi of D zone. In additional, stations of Dez river have the best conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPA" title="DPA">DPA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=karoon%20river" title=" karoon river"> karoon river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20monitoring" title=" network monitoring"> network monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sampling%20site" title=" sampling site"> sampling site</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16660/assessment-of-water-quality-network-in-karoon-river-by-dynamic-programming-approach-dpa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9841</span> Physico-Chemical and Heavy Metals Analysis of Contaminated Ndawuse River in North Central of Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abimbola%20Motunrayo%20Enitan">Abimbola Motunrayo Enitan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibironke%20Titilayo%20Enitan"> Ibironke Titilayo Enitan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Odiyo"> John Odiyo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study assessed quality of surface water across Ndawuse River Phase 1, District of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, Nigeria based on physico-chemical variables that are linked to agrochemical and eutrophication, as well as heavy metals concentrations. In total, sixteen surface water samples were obtained from five locations along the river. The results were compared with the standard limits set by both World Health Organization and Federal Environmental Protection Agency for drinking water. The results obtained indicated that BOD5, turbidity, 0.014-3.511 mg Fe/L and 0.078-0.14 mg Cr/L were all above the standard limits. The results further showed that the quality of surface water is being significantly affected by human activities around the Ndawuse River which could pose an adverse health risk to several communities that rely on these receiving water bodies primarily as their source of water. Therefore, there is a need for strict enforcement of environmental laws considering the physico-chemical analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abuja" title="Abuja">Abuja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20exposure%20risk" title=" human exposure risk"> human exposure risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ndawuse%20River" title=" Ndawuse River"> Ndawuse River</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20water" title=" surface water"> surface water</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94868/physico-chemical-and-heavy-metals-analysis-of-contaminated-ndawuse-river-in-north-central-of-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9840</span> Impact and Risk Assessment of Climate Change on Water Quality: A Study in the Errer River Basin, Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsin-Chih%20Lai">Hsin-Chih Lai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung-Lung%20Lee"> Yung-Lung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun-Yao%20Chi"> Yun-Yao Chi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching-Yi%20Horng"> Ching-Yi Horng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pei-Chih%20Wu"> Pei-Chih Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsien-Chang%20Wang"> Hsien-Chang Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Taiwan, a climatically challenged island, has always been keen on the issue of water resource management due to its limitations in water storage. Since water resource management has been the focal point of many adaptations to climate change, there has been a lack of attention on another issue, water quality. This study chooses the Errer River Basin as the experimental focus for water quality in Taiwan. With the Errer River Basin being one of the most polluted rivers in Taiwan, this study observes the effects of climate change on this river over a period of time. Taiwan is also targeted by multiple typhoons every year, the heavy rainfall and strong winds create problems of pollution being carried to different river segments, including into the ocean. This study aims to create an impact and risk assessment on Errer River Basin, to show the connection from climate change to potential extreme events, which in turn could influence water quality and ultimately human health. Using dynamic downscaling, this study narrows the information from a global scale to a resolution of 1 km x 1 km. Then, through interpolation, the resolution is further narrowed into a resolution of 200m x 200m, to analyze the past, present, and future of extreme events. According to different climate change scenarios, this study designs an assessment index on the vulnerability of the Errer River Basin. Through this index, Errer River inhabitants can access advice on adaptations to climate change and act accordingly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation" title=" adaptation"> adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57889/impact-and-risk-assessment-of-climate-change-on-water-quality-a-study-in-the-errer-river-basin-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9839</span> An Investigation into the Impact of the Relocation of Tannery Industry on Water Quality Parameters of Urban River Buriganga</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Asif%20Imrul">Md Asif Imrul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Rafique"> Maria Rafique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Habibur%20Rahman"> M. Habibur Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study deals with an investigation into the impact of the relocation of tannery industry on water quality parameters of Buriganga. For this purpose, previous records have been collected from authentic data resources and for the attainment of present values, several samples were collected from three major locations of the Buriganga River during summer and winter seasons in 2018 to determine the distribution and variation of water quality parameters. Samples were collected six ft below the river water surface. Analysis indicates slightly acidic to slightly alkaline (6.8-7.49) in nature. Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Solids (TS) & Total Suspended Solids (TSS) have been found greater in summer. On the other hand, Dissolved Oxygen is found greater in rainy seasons. Relocation shows improvement in water quality parameters. Though the improvement related to relocation of tannery industry is not adequate to turn the water body to be an inhabitable place for aquatic lives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buriganga%20river" title="Buriganga river">Buriganga river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20pollution" title=" river pollution"> river pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tannery%20industry" title=" tannery industry"> tannery industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality%20parameters" title=" water quality parameters"> water quality parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95752/an-investigation-into-the-impact-of-the-relocation-of-tannery-industry-on-water-quality-parameters-of-urban-river-buriganga" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=White%20Water%20River&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=White%20Water%20River&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=White%20Water%20River&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=White%20Water%20River&page=5">5</a></li> <li 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