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It succeeded the [[Volvo B58|B58]] and was equipped with the same 9.6-litre horizontally mounted Volvo diesel engine mounted under the floor behind the front axle. An [[articulated bus|articulated]] version under the model name Volvo B10MA was also offered, as was a semi-integral version known as the [[Volvo C10M|C10M]], with the engine in the middle of the chassis. ==History== [[File:Stagecoach_South_Downs_20643.JPG|thumb|[[Stagecoach South]] [[Alexander PS]] bodied B10M in [[Horsham]] in September 2008]] [[File:Preserved Grey-Green bus 115 (F115 PHM) 1988 Volvo Citybus Alexander RV, 2003 North Weald bus rally.jpg|thumb|Preserved [[Grey-Green]] [[Walter Alexander Coachbuilders|Alexander]] RV bodied Citybus in June 2003]] [[File:7625 - G625 BPH Arriva service 133 at Cliffe Church, Kent.(crop).jpg|thumb|right|[[Arriva Medway Towns]] [[Northern Counties Palatine]] bodied Volvo Citybus in schoolbus livery in [[Cliffe, Kent|Cliffe]] in August 2009]] [[File:Hilton's Travel RED 448.jpg|thumb|Hilton's Travel [[East Lancashire Coachbuilders|East Lancs]] bodied Citybus in [[Newton-le-Willows]]]] [[File:SBS0823T on 16.jpg|thumb|[[SBS Transit]] [[Duple Metsec]] bodied Volvo B10M in Singapore]] [[File:Veolia Transport (mo 8681) Custom Coaches '210' bodied Volvo B10M Mk III at Central station.jpg|thumb|[[Transdev NSW|Veolia Transport]] [[Custom Coaches]] bodied B10M MkIII in [[Sydney]] in July 2013]] [[File:Volvo B10M Articulated PMC Adelaide.jpg|thumb|[[Pressed Metal Corporation South Australia]] bodied B10MA in [[Adelaide]]]] [[File:Volvo B10m2 VoV.jpg|thumb|[[NZ Bus|Stagecoach]] New Zealand Motor Bodies [[VöV-Standard-Bus|VöV]] bodied B10M]] [[File:GM4372.jpg|thumb|[[Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation]] [[Northern Counties Motor & Engineering Company|Northern Counties]] Countybus Paladin bodied Volvo B10M in [[Hong Kong]]]] Designed as a successor to the [[Volvo B58]], a large portion of B10M chassis were built in Sweden, but some were built in other countries, like the United Kingdom<ref>[http://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/13th-july-1989/6/volvo-bloin-at-workington Volvo B10M at Workington] ''[[Commercial Motor]]'' 13 July 1989</ref><ref>[http://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/28th-june-1990/18/british-blom-makes-debut British B10M makes debut] ''Commercial Motor'' 28 June 1990</ref> and Brazil.<ref>[http://www.volvogroup.com/group/brazil/pt-br/quemsomos/avolvonobrasil/cont_anos80/Pages/cont_anos80.aspx História - Anos 80] Grupo Volvo no Brasil</ref><ref name="vodobra1">[http://www.volvobuses.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/VBC/Brasil%20-%20ILF/Downloads/Evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20do%20Produto%20-%20%C3%94nibus%20vs1%20%28PDF%20-%2022Kb%29.pdf Evolução do Produto - Ônibus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204173703/http://www.volvobuses.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/VBC/Brasil%20-%20ILF/Downloads/Evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20do%20Produto%20-%20%C3%94nibus%20vs1%20%28PDF%20-%2022Kb%29.pdf |date=4 December 2014 }} Volvo Buses Brasil</ref> The B10M was one of the best-selling chassis in the United Kingdom throughout the 1980s and 1990s. Having originally been produced only as a coach chassis, the B10M was made available as a [[city bus]], in which form it was also very popular. It was available as B10M-46, B10M-50, B10M-55, B10M-60, B10M-62, B10M-65 and B10M-70, where the number represents the wheelbase in decimetres. Many bodybuilders did however shorten or extend the chassis to fit their needs. No later than 1981 a [[multi-axle bus|tri-axle]] [[chassis]] was introduced, available as B10M-50B, B10M-55B, B10M-60B, B10M-65B and B10M-70B, with some bodybuilders extending them up to 7.25 metres wheelbase. ===B10MD/D10M=== A [[double-decker bus|double-decker]] version of the B10M was developed for [[Strathclyde Partnership for Transport|Strathclyde PTE]] in 1981. It was launched in early 1982, with a downrated engine from the [[coach (bus)|coach]], and was named Citybus (also known unofficially as B10MD or D10M). Most early examples were bodied by [[Walter Alexander Coachbuilders|Alexander Coachbuilders]], who provided a modified version - common to all Volvo double-deck chassis bodied by the company after 1980 - of their popular and attractive R type bodywork. [[Eastern Scottish]] and [[Fife Scottish]] bought many of these early versions in 1985–1987. Two were exported in 1984, one of them to [[SBS Transit|Singapore Bus Service]] and the other to [[Kowloon Motor Bus]], but was destroyed by fire in 1988. The Citybus lasted until the end of B10M production but fell out of favour after Volvo re-engineered the [[Leyland Olympian]] as the [[Volvo Olympian]] in 1993.<ref>[http://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/27th-february-1992/18/volvo-power-for-olympian Volvo power for Olympian] ''Commercial Motor'' 27 February 1992</ref> ===B9M=== The B9M was launched in 1982 as a light-weight, stripped-down, budget version of the standard B10M. It was available as B9M-46, B9M-50, B9M-55 and B9M-60. Although technically not a successor to the [[Volvo B57|B57]], it found more or less the same place in the markets where it was available. The B9M had the same 9.6-litre engine as the B10M, but at lower outputs. It sold well in the [[Nordic countries]], with the exception of Denmark, where only a few were sold. The model was available at least past 1996. In the [[United Kingdom]], the B9M-46 was sold as a shorter 9.5 to 9.7 metre version of the B10M from 1985.<ref>[http://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/24th-august-1985/16/midi-volvo-on-sale Midi Volvo on sale] ''Commercial Motor'' 24 August 1985</ref> ===B10MT and B10T=== From 1984, a [[right-hand-drive|RHD]] version of the B10M-55B was available as the B10MT, later also B10T.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tmv.thb.gov.tw/carspec/VOLVO.htm |title=Volvo |publisher=tmv.thb.gov.tw |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205151800/http://tmv.thb.gov.tw/carspec/VOLVO.htm |archive-date=5 December 2014}}</ref> ===C10M and B10M-C=== In 1984, Swiss bodybuilder Ramseier & Jenzer collaborated with Volvo to unveil a semi-integral coach known as the [[Volvo C10M|C10M]], with the engine in the middle of the chassis. Production of the C10M was ended in 1987, but the position of the engine was still available as an option and became known as B10M-C. ==United Kingdom== Coach operators [[National Express Coaches|National Express]], [[Parks Motor Group|Park's of Hamilton]], [[Shearings]] and [[Wallace Arnold]] all purchased large quantities of B10Ms.<ref>[http://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/13th-december-1990/20/shearings-builds-up Shearings builds up] ''Commercial Motor'' 13 December 1990</ref> In the 1990s, [[Stagecoach Group|Stagecoach]] standardised on the bus version of the B10M as their [[Rigid bus|full-size]] [[single-decker bus|single decker]]. Most received [[Alexander PS]] bodies but some received [[Northern Counties Paladin]] bodywork. Stagecoach also took numerous examples of the coach version with [[Plaxton]]'s Interurban bodywork and [[Jonckheere]]'s Modulo bodywork. [[South Yorkshire Transport]] and [[Kelvin Central Buses]] also purchased large numbers of the type with [[Alexander PS]] bodies. The B10MA [[articulated bus|articulated]] variant was of limited popularity among bus operators in the United Kingdom. [[British Caledonian Airways]] took four in 1988, the next examples sold in Britain were supplied eight years later, with the delivery of four to [[Ulsterbus]]. Stagecoach was the biggest customer for the model in the UK, purchasing 18 in the mid- to late-1990s, with the last delivered in 1999. ==Singapore== [[SBS Transit|Singapore Bus Service]] evaluated a mid-engine Volvo B10MD [[double-decker bus]] bodied by [[East Lancashire Coachbuilders]] in 1984. No further double-deck B10MD units were acquired however. A second B10M demonstrator was an air-conditioned single-deck bus bodied by [[Van Hool]] and was acquired in 1986. It was also the only Volvo B10M Mark I acquired by Singapore Bus Service and it was sold to an operator in New Zealand by the end of the 1990s.<ref>{{cite book| last1=Davis |first1=Mike |last2=Phillips |first2=Ron |title=Singapore Buses Volume 1 Singapore Bus Service Part 2 |year=2005 |publisher= DTS Publishing|publication-date=2006 |isbn=9781900515269}}</ref> [[SBS Transit]] purchased 977 units between 1988 and 2000, making up a large part of its [[single-decker bus]] fleet. The Volvo B10M Mark IIs were the first to be used, with 200 delivered between March 1988 and April 1989. They were retired by May 2008 after fulfilling their 19-year lifespan, except one which was sold to New Zealand. The Mark IIs were replaced by [[Scania K series|Scania K230UB Euro IV]] and the [[Volvo B10BLE|Volvo B10BLE CNG]]. 300 B10M Mark IIIs were delivered between November 1992 and June 1993. They were bodied by [[Duple Metsec]], and had received mid-life refurbishment. Most units received a two-year lifespan extension due to insufficient replacement buses, and were all retired by June 2012. 475 B10M Mark IVs were delivered between June 1995 and December 2000. They were bodied by either [[Duple Metsec]], PSV Soon Chow or [[Walter Alexander Coachbuilders|Walter Alexander Strider]]. Most buses extended their lifespan by two years, and 30 DM3500-bodied buses received another one-year extension in 2017 due to insufficient replacement buses. All these buses have been retired as of 23 December 2018. A 14.5m B10M Superlong [[multi-axle bus|tri-axle bus]], bodied by [[Duple Metsec]], was purchased in 1995 (UITP Congress 1995) and retired in October 2012. A 19m B10MA [[articulated bus]], also bodied by [[Duple Metsec]], was purchased in 1996. It was known as "Asia's Longest Bus". In 2006, it was sold to Bayes Coachlines in New Zealand. ==Japan== For [[Expo '85]] in [[Tsukuba, Ibaraki|Tsukuba]], [[Fuji Heavy Industries]] bodied 100 B10MLs. Seventy-nine were exported to Australia in 1986 with [[Transport for Brisbane|Brisbane Transport]], [[Busways]], [[Grenda's Bus Service]], [[Hornibrook Bus Lines]], [[Invicta Bus Service]], [[Kangaroo Bus Lines]], [[Metro-link Bus Lines]], [[Metropolitan Transit Authority (Victoria)|Metropolitan Transit Authority]], [[Stateliner|Premier Roadliners]], [[Sunbury Bus Service]] and [[Surfside Buslines]] purchasing examples.<ref>Volvo - By Popular Choice ''[[Truck & Bus Transportation]]'' March 1990 page 52</ref><ref>Tsukuba Expo Volvos in Australia ''[[Australian Bus Panorama]]'' issue 6/1 July 1990 pages 3-8</ref> ==United States== From 1983 to 1986, a number of B10Ms were built and used in the United States. The American B10M was manufactured mostly in its articulated form (which was purchased by [[SEPTA]], [[SamTrans]], and [[New Jersey Transit]]) though a standard length B10M model was made for the [[Rhode Island Public Transit Authority|RIPTA]] with one example going to SEPTA as compensation for delays. Canadian production of the B10MA [[articulated bus]] under licence to [[Orion Bus Industries|Ontario Bus Industries]] nearly took place, however it fell through when that company negotiated a more favorable deal with [[Ikarus Bus]]. ==Australia== In Australia, the B10M was purchased by government operators [[Adelaide Metro]], [[Transport for Brisbane|Brisbane Transport]] and [[Metro Tasmania]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140825095109/http://btbuses.info/?GoTo=FleetLists Bus Fleet Lists] Brisbane Transport Buses</ref><ref>[http://fleetlists.busaustralia.com/tas.php?search=MET&ltype=old Metro Tasmania] Australian Bus Fleet Lists</ref> as well as private operators, with large fleets built up in [[Sydney]] by [[Busways]] and [[Westbus]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20011127005129/http://homepages.ihug.com.au/~kc3302/buswaysfl.htm Busways] Australian Bus Fleet Lists</ref><ref>[http://fleetlists.busaustralia.com/cdc.php?search=CDC&ltype=old CDC Group NSW] Australian Bus Fleet Lists</ref> and in [[Melbourne]] by [[Grenda Corporation]] and [[Transit Systems Victoria|Sita Buslines]].<ref>[http://fleetlists.busaustralia.com/ven.php?search=VEN&ltype=old Ventura Group] Australian Bus Fleet Lists</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161012151003/http://fleetlists.busaustralia.com/vic.php?search=SIT&ltype=old Sita Bus Lines] Australian Bus Fleet Lists</ref> Three-axle B10Ms were fitted with high and [[double-decker bus|double decker]] coach bodies with [[AAT Kings]], [[Ansett Pioneer]], [[Australian Pacific Tours]], [[Greyhound Australia|Greyhound]] and Westbus among the buyers. ==New Zealand== In New Zealand, two Volvo B10Ms with [[VöV-Standard-Bus|VöV]] bodies built by [[Coachwork International]] were ordered by [[Auckland Regional Council]] in 1985. These are the only Volvo buses to receive the VoV body.<ref>[http://www.omnibus.org.nz/buslocation/volvo/b10m.html Volvo B10M Buses & Coaches] Omnibus Society of New Zealand</ref> In 1996, five ex-Hong Kong Stagecoach Volvo B10Ms were sold to New Zeleand from Hong Kong because of disposal in Hong Kong residential bus services. ==Belgium== At least 168<ref name="| Zoekresultaten | Zone 01">{{Cite web|url=http://www.zone01.be/zoeken.php|title={{!}} Zoekresultaten {{!}} Zone 01|website=www.zone01.be|access-date=2019-12-07}}</ref> B10M and B10MA buses were purchased by Belgian operators ([[SNCV|SNCV / NMVB]], [[Opérateur de transport de Wallonie|TEC]] and [[De Lijn]]). They were fitted with carbodies built by Belgian manufacturers : [[Van Hool]] ({{Interlanguage link|Van Hool A120|lt=A120|fr|Van Hool A120|WD=}}, {{Interlanguage link|Van Hool Linea|lt=Linea|fr|Van Hool Linea|WD=}}), [[Jonckheere]] ([[Jonckheere TransCity|TransCity]], [[Jonckheere 056|056]], {{Interlanguage link|Jonckheere Transit|lt=Transit|nl|Jonckheere Transit|WD=}}, {{Interlanguage link|Jonckheere Communo|lt=Communo|nl|Jonckheere Communo|WD=}}, {{Interlanguage link|Jonckheere Transit 2000|lt=Transit 2000|nl|Jonckheere Transit|WD=}}) and a few had a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[Hainje]]/[[VDL Berkhof|Berkhof]] {{Interlanguage link|Hainje/Berkhof ST2000|lt=ST2000|nl|Hainje/Berkhof ST2000|WD=}}, {{Interlanguage link|Berhof 2000NL|lt=|nl|Berhof 2000NL|WD=}} or a [[VDL Berkhof|Berkhof Excellence 500]] body. In Belgium, most of the buses on B10BMA chassis were owned by public operators while the B10B buses belonged to private leasers, working on contract with these operators. While most of these buses are now withdrawn in Belgium, De Lijn still owns some articulated Jonckheere Transit 2000 G.<ref name="| Zoekresultaten | Zone 01" /> ==Greece== [[File:Thumb DSCF1137 .JPG|thumbnail|An articulated B10M in [[Patras]], Greece]] The articulated version of the B10M constructed by [[Saracakis]] under the name "Alexandros" in 1993, 1995 and 1997. All the buses were ordered by [[Thessaloniki Urban Transport Organization]] in [[Thessaloniki]], [[Greece]]. * 1993 version was featured with steering in the rear axle. * The 1995 and 1997 are facelift versions and the chassis on the rear part was changed. In [[Thessaloniki]] 44 buses (1997 version) still in use but [[OASTH]] fitted them with modern telematics GPS tracking systems. The older versions were recycled and some of buses were sold to [http://www.astikopatras.gr Astiko Ktel Patron] (the transport organization of [[Patras]]), and are still (Q3 2015) in use in the city of [[Patras]], Greece. They operate routes connecting the outskirts of Patras to the city center and the city center to the [[University of Patras]] in Rion. In 2015, all the Astiko Ktel Patron buses were fitted with GPS tracking systems for use with modern real time bus arrival boards at the bus stops and a mobile application. ==Hong Kong== In Hong Kong, three bus companies purchased Volvo B10Ms. [[Citybus (Hong Kong)|Citybus]] (CTB) ordered 10 Volvo B10Ms with Van Hool bodied and THD101GD engine fitted between 1990 and 1992 for their border-crossing service between Hong Kong and Mainland China. In 1997, CTB ordered two more Volvo B10Ms with China Volvo bus bodied and DH10A engine fitted into its border fleet. After the closure of border-crossing service, those B10Ms has been sold to private tourist bus companies in Hong Kong. [[Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation]] ordered 15 Volvo B10Ms in 1995 for replacing second-handed [[MCW Metrobus]] fleet, with Northern Counties bodied, ZF4HP500 gearbox and Volvo THD102KF engine fitted. These buses also fitted with Lazzerini chairs inside the interior. All ex-KCRC B10Ms has sold to the [[MTR Corporation]] because of the merge of mass railways service in Hong Kong in late 2007. In 1994, [[Stagecoach Group|Stagecoach]] Hong Kong ordered five B10Ms with Alexander PS bodied and THD101GC engine fitted, these B10Ms were serviced at private house estates residential services in Hong Kong operated by Stagecoach company. But in 1996, Stagecoach company Hong Kong closed, these Volvo B10Ms were sold to New Zealand. ==Replacement== The B10M as a single-deck bus was complemented (and was largely replaced) by the [[Low-floor bus|low-floor]] rear-engined [[Volvo B10L|B10L]] and [[Volvo B10BLE|B10BLE]] chassis in some markets in the late 1990s. In 2001 the B10M was replaced by the [[Volvo B12M|B12M]], sporting a larger 12.1-litre engine and the engine position of the C10M/B10M-C. ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category-inline}} {{Volvo Buses|state=collapsed}} [[Category:Articulated buses]] [[Category:Bus chassis]] [[Category:Coaches (bus)]] [[Category:Double-decker buses]] [[Category:Step-entrance buses]] [[Category:Tri-axle buses]] [[Category:Vehicles introduced in 1978]] [[Category:Volvo buses|B10M]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ambox" title="Template:Ambox">Template:Ambox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Ambox&action=edit" title="Template:Ambox">view source</a>) (template editor 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