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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1.0;"/><title>Topical Bible: Votive</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/topical/v/votive.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/newtopical.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/topical/vmenus/luke/21-5.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmcde/v/votive.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/topical/">Topical</a> > Votive</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/topical/v/voting.htm" title="Voting">◄</a> Votive <a href="/topical/v/vouch.htm" title="Vouch">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse">Jump to: <a href="#web" title="Webster's Dictionary">Webster's</a> • <a href="#cnc" title="Multiversion Concordance">Concordance</a> • <a href="#thes" title="Bible Thesaurus">Thesaurus</a> • <a href="#grk" title="Strong's Greek Concordance">Greek</a> • <a href="#heb" title="Strong's Hebrew Concordance">Hebrew</a> • <a href="#lib" title="Library">Library</a> • <a href="#sub" title="Subtopics">Subtopics</a> • <a href="#rel" title="Related Terms">Terms</a></div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><a name="te" id="te"></a><div class="vheading2">Topical Encyclopedia</div>In biblical terms, a votive refers to a vow or a solemn promise made to God, often accompanied by an offering or sacrifice. The concept of votive offerings is deeply rooted in the religious practices of the Israelites, as described in the Old Testament. These offerings were made in fulfillment of vows and were considered acts of devotion and gratitude towards God.<br><br><b>Old Testament Context</b><br><br>The practice of making vows and votive offerings is well-documented in the Old Testament. In <a href="/genesis/28-20.htm">Genesis 28:20-22</a>, Jacob makes a vow to God, saying, "If God will be with me and watch over me on this journey, and if He will provide me with food to eat and clothes to wear, so that I may return safely to my father’s house, then the LORD will be my God. And this stone I have set up as a pillar will be God’s house, and of all that You give me I will surely give You a tenth."<br><br>The Mosaic Law provided specific instructions regarding vows and votive offerings. In <a href="/bsb/leviticus/27.htm">Leviticus 27</a>, the Lord gives Moses detailed regulations about making vows, including the redemption of votive offerings. The chapter outlines the valuation of persons, animals, houses, and fields dedicated to the Lord, emphasizing the seriousness and binding nature of vows.<br><br><a href="/numbers/30-2.htm">Numbers 30:2</a> underscores the importance of fulfilling vows: "When a man makes a vow to the LORD or swears an oath to obligate himself by a pledge, he must not break his word; he must do everything he has promised." This passage highlights the expectation that vows made to God are to be honored and fulfilled without exception.<br><br><b>Types of Votive Offerings</b><br><br>Votive offerings in the Old Testament could take various forms, including sacrifices, monetary gifts, or the dedication of objects or persons to the service of God. The peace offering, as described in <a href="/leviticus/7-16.htm">Leviticus 7:16</a>, could be made as a votive offering: "If, however, his offering is a vow or a freewill offering, it shall be eaten on the day he presents his sacrifice, but anything left over may be eaten on the next day."<br><br>Hannah's vow in <a href="/1_samuel/1-11.htm">1 Samuel 1:11</a> is a notable example of a votive offering involving the dedication of a person. She prayed for a son and vowed to dedicate him to the Lord's service: "And she made a vow, saying, 'O LORD of Hosts, if only You will look upon the affliction of Your maidservant and remember me, not forgetting Your maidservant but giving her a son, then I will dedicate him to the LORD all the days of his life, and no razor shall ever come over his head.'"<br><br><b>New Testament Perspective</b><br><br>While the New Testament does not emphasize votive offerings to the same extent as the Old Testament, the concept of vows and promises to God remains significant. Jesus addresses the issue of vows in <a href="/matthew/5-33.htm">Matthew 5:33-37</a>, urging His followers to speak truthfully without the need for oaths: "Again, you have heard that it was said to the ancients, 'Do not break your oath, but fulfill your vows to the Lord.' But I tell you not to swear at all... Let your 'Yes' be 'Yes,' and your 'No,' 'No.' For anything more comes from the evil one."<br><br>The Apostle Paul also made a vow, as recorded in <a href="/acts/18-18.htm">Acts 18:18</a>, where he "had his hair cut off at Cenchrea because of a vow he had taken." This indicates that the practice of making vows continued among early Christians, though the emphasis shifted towards a more internal and spiritual commitment to God.<br><br><b>Theological Significance</b><br><br>Votive offerings in the Bible underscore the importance of commitment and faithfulness in one's relationship with God. They serve as tangible expressions of devotion, gratitude, and reliance on divine providence. The biblical narrative consistently portrays vows as serious commitments that reflect the integrity and sincerity of the believer's heart.<a name="web" id="web"></a><div class="vheading2">Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary</div>(<I>a.</I>) Consecrated by a vow; devoted; as, votive offerings; a votive tablet.<a name="grk" id="grk"></a><div class="vheading2">Greek</div><a href="/greek/331.htm"><span class="l">331. anathema -- that which is laid up, ie a <b>votive</b> offering</span></a> <br><b>...</b> that which is laid up, ie a <b>votive</b> offering. Part of Speech: Noun, Neuter<br> Transliteration: anathema Phonetic Spelling: (an-ath'-em-ah) Short Definition: a <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/331.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 7k</font><p><a href="/greek/334.htm"><span class="l">334. anathema -- a gift set up (in a temple)</span></a> <br><b>...</b> Word Origin from anatithemi Definition a gift set up (in a temple) NASB<br> Word Usage <b>votive</b> gifts (1). <b>votive</b> offering, gift. From <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/334.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><p><a href="/greek/2878.htm"><span class="l">2878. korban -- an offering</span></a> <br><b>...</b> Korbanas (kor-ban-as') of Hebrew and Chaldee origin respectively (qorban); a <b>votive</b><br> offering and the offering; a consecrated present (to the Temple fund); by <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2878.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><p><a href="/greek/2171.htm"><span class="l">2171. euche -- a prayer</span></a> <br><b>...</b> prayer, vow. From euchomai; properly, a wish, expressed as a petition to God,<br> or in <b>votive</b> obligation -- prayer, vow. see GREEK euchomai. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//strongsnumbers.com/greek2/2171.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><a name="heb" id="heb"></a><div class="vheading2">Strong's Hebrew</div><a href="/hebrew/5088.htm"><span class="l">5088. neder -- a vow</span></a><br><b>...</b> Word Origin from nadar Definition a vow NASB Word Usage <b>votive</b> (3), <b>votive</b> offering<br> (1), <b>votive</b> offerings (5), vow (26), vows (24). vowed. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/hebrew/5088.htm</font><font color="#ff6600" size="-1"> - 6k</font><a name="lib" id="lib"></a><div class="vheading2">Library</div><p><a href="/library/tertullian/apology/chapter_xxxv_this_is_the.htm"><span class="l">This is the Reason, Then, Why Christians are Counted Public <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> Poor we, worthy of all condemnation! For why do we keep the <b>votive</b> days and high<br> rejoicings in honour of the C??sars with chastity, sobriety, and virtue? <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">//christianbookshelf.org/tertullian/apology/chapter xxxv this is the.htm</font><p><a href="/library/arminius/the_works_of_james_arminius_vol_2/the_conclusion_an_examination_and.htm"><span class="l">The Conclusion an Examination and Comparison of Each of the Three <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> of man under the law of sin. (7.) In the distorted meaning given to the<br> <b>votive</b> exclamation. (8.) In assigning to a regenerate man <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../the works of james arminius vol 2/the conclusion an examination and.htm</font><p><a href="/library/edersheim/the_life_and_times_of_jesus_the_messiah/chapter_xxxi_the_cavils_of.htm"><span class="l">The Cavils of the Pharisees Concerning Purification, and the <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> Still, we feel as if this were not all. Was there any special instance in view,<br> in which the Rabbinic law about <b>votive</b> offerings had led to such abuse? <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../the life and times of jesus the messiah/chapter xxxi the cavils of.htm</font><p><a href="/library/lanciani/pagan_and_christian_rome/list_of_illustrations.htm"><span class="l">List of Illustrations.</span></a> <br><b>...</b> FRAGMENT OF A LAMP INSCRIBED WITH THE NAME OF MINERVA 63. <b>VOTIVE</b> HEAD 63. THE<br> CLIFFS UNDER THE CITADEL OF VEII (NOW CALLED PIAZZA D'ARMI) 65. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../lanciani/pagan and christian rome/list of illustrations.htm</font><p><a href="/library/coleridge/confessions_of_an_inquiring_spirit_etc/letter_vi_in_my_last.htm"><span class="l">Letter vi. In My Last Two Letters I have Given the State of the <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> More confident still will he be, if, by the wayside, he should find, here and there,<br> ancient monuments, each with its <b>votive</b> lamp, and on each the name of some <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../coleridge/confessions of an inquiring spirit etc/letter vi in my last.htm</font><p><a href="/library/tertullian/on_fasting_in_opposition_to_the_psychics/chapter_xi_of_the_respect_due.htm"><span class="l">Of the Respect Due to "Human Authority;" and of the Charges of " <b>...</b></span></a> <br><b>...</b> having been commanded by God to man, have constituted this practice legally binding;<br> some, offered by man to God, have discharged some <b>votive</b> obligation. <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../on fasting in opposition to the psychics/chapter xi of the respect due.htm</font><p><a href="/library/renan/the_life_of_jesus/chapter_xxi_last_journey_of.htm"><span class="l">Last Journey of Jesus to Jerusalem.</span></a> <br><b>...</b> than he, wished him to notice the beauty of the buildings of the temple, the admirable<br> choice of materials, and the richness of the <b>votive</b> offerings that <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/...//christianbookshelf.org/renan/the life of jesus/chapter xxi last journey of.htm</font><p><a href="/library/spurgeon/spurgeons_sermons_volume_3_1857/davids_dying_prayer.htm"><span class="l">David's Dying Prayer</span></a> <br><b>...</b> The lowing of the cattle, the singing of the birds, the leaping of the fishes, and<br> the delights of animal creation, are still acceptable as <b>votive</b> offerings to <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../spurgeon/spurgeons sermons volume 3 1857/davids dying prayer.htm</font><p><a href="/library/edersheim/the_life_and_times_of_jesus_the_messiah/chapter_viii_teaching_in_the.htm"><span class="l">Teaching in the Temple on the Octave of the Feast of Tabernacles.</span></a> <br><b>...</b> the so-called Shopharoth, or trumpets' - were placed, [4034] or one of the two chambers'<br> in which, respectively, secret gifts [4035] and <b>votive</b> offerings [4036 <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../the life and times of jesus the messiah/chapter viii teaching in the.htm</font><p><a href="/library/arminius/the_works_of_james_arminius_vol_2/the_connection_of_the_seventh.htm"><span class="l">The Connection of the Seventh Chapter with the Sixth</span></a> <br><b>...</b> verses.20. A <b>votive</b> exclamation for the deliverance of a man who is under<br> the law, occurs in the twenty-fourth verse.21. An answer <b>...</b> <br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/.../arminius/the works of james arminius vol 2/the connection of the seventh.htm</font><a name="thes" id="thes"></a><div class="vheading2">Thesaurus</div><a href="/topical/v/votive.htm"><span class="l"><b>Votive</b> (13 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Noah Webster's Dictionary (a.) Consecrated by a vow; devoted; as, <b>votive</b> offerings;<br> a <b>votive</b> tablet. Multi-Version Concordance <b>Votive</b> (13 Occurrences). <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/v/votive.htm - 10k</font><p><a href="/topical/b/babylonia.htm"><span class="l">Babylonia (17 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Babylonia was carried into the country, either by man or by inundations, still in<br> certain periods it was used freely for statues, steles, <b>votive</b> objects, and <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/b/babylonia.htm - 75k</font><p><a href="/topical/w/writing.htm"><span class="l">Writing (194 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> magic, the medicine bag, the prayer stick, pillars, meteoric stones, etc., for worship,<br> collections of liturgical objects, fetishes, <b>votive</b> offerings, trophies <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/w/writing.htm - 70k</font><p><a href="/topical/m/monthly.htm"><span class="l">Monthly (11 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> sacrifice of peace offerings"; zebhach ha-todhah, "thank offerings"; zebhach nedhabhah,<br> "free-will offerings"; zebhach nedher, "<b>votive</b> offerings"; tenuphah <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/m/monthly.htm - 93k</font><p><a href="/topical/v/voted.htm"><span class="l">Voted (1 Occurrence)</span></a><br><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/v/voted.htm - 6k</font><p><a href="/topical/v/vouch.htm"><span class="l">Vouch (1 Occurrence)</span></a><br><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/v/vouch.htm - 7k</font><p><a href="/topical/u/unknown.htm"><span class="l">Unknown (15 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> could not have this meaning. Perhaps a <b>votive</b> inscription is meant, where the<br> worshipper did not know which god to thank for some benefit received. <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/u/unknown.htm - 13k</font><p><a href="/topical/e/emerods.htm"><span class="l">Emerods (8 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> it the word techorim, a term which occurs in the next chapter in the description<br> of the golden models of these swellings that were made as <b>votive</b> offerings (1 <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/e/emerods.htm - 11k</font><p><a href="/topical/c/corban.htm"><span class="l">Corban (2 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Anything dedicated to the temple by pronouncing the <b>votive</b> word "Corban" forthwith<br> belonged to the temple, but only ideally; actually it might remain in the <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/c/corban.htm - 9k</font><p><a href="/topical/a/ahimelech.htm"><span class="l">Ahimelech (17 Occurrences)</span></a><br><b>...</b> Men deposited <b>votive</b> offerings there, the sword of Goliath, for example (1 Samuel<br> 21:9). There seems to have been some kind of police authority, whereby a <b>...</b><br><font color="#ff6600" size="-1">/a/ahimelech.htm - 20k</font><p><a name="res" id="res"></a><div class="vheading2">Resources</div><a href="https://www.gotquestions.org/prayer-candles.html">Is it allowable to use candles in connection with prayer? | GotQuestions.org</a><br /><br /><a href="https://clyx.com/term/votive.htm">Votive: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com</a><br /><br /><a href="/concordance/">Bible Concordance</a> • <a href="/dictionary/">Bible Dictionary</a> • <a href="/encyclopedia/">Bible Encyclopedia</a> • <a href="/topical/">Topical Bible</a> • <a href="/thesaurus/">Bible Thesuarus</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="cnc" id="cnc"></a><div class="vheading2">Concordance</div><span class="encheading">Votive (13 Occurrences)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/luke/21-5.htm">Luke 21:5</a></span><br />And certain saying about the temple, that with goodly stones and devoted things it hath been adorned, he said,<br /><span class="source">(See NAS)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/leviticus/7-16.htm">Leviticus 7:16</a></span><br />"'But if the sacrifice of his offering is a vow, or a freewill offering, it shall be eaten on the day that he offers his sacrifice; and on the next day what remains of it shall be eaten:<br /><span class="source">(See NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/leviticus/22-18.htm">Leviticus 22:18</a></span><br />"Speak to Aaron, and to his sons, and to all the children of Israel, and say to them,'Whoever is of the house of Israel, or of the foreigners in Israel, who offers his offering, whether it be any of their vows, or any of their freewill offerings, which they offer to Yahweh for a burnt offering;<br /><span class="source">(See NAS)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/leviticus/22-23.htm">Leviticus 22:23</a></span><br />Either a bull or a lamb that has any deformity or lacking in his parts, that you may offer for a freewill offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted.<br /><span class="source">(See RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/leviticus/23-38.htm">Leviticus 23:38</a></span><br />besides the Sabbaths of Yahweh, and besides your gifts, and besides all your vows, and besides all your freewill offerings, which you give to Yahweh.<br /><span class="source">(See NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/numbers/29-39.htm">Numbers 29:39</a></span><br />"'You shall offer these to Yahweh in your set feasts, besides your vows, and your freewill offerings, for your burnt offerings, and for your meal offerings, and for your drink offerings, and for your peace offerings.'"<br /><span class="source">(See NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/deuteronomy/12-11.htm">Deuteronomy 12:11</a></span><br />then it shall happen that to the place which Yahweh your God shall choose, to cause his name to dwell there, there you shall bring all that I command you: your burnt offerings, and your sacrifices, your tithes, and the wave offering of your hand, and all your choice vows which you vow to Yahweh.<br /><span class="source">(See NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/deuteronomy/12-17.htm">Deuteronomy 12:17</a></span><br />You may not eat within your gates the tithe of your grain, or of your new wine, or of your oil, or the firstborn of your herd or of your flock, nor any of your vows which you vow, nor your freewill offerings, nor the wave offering of your hand;<br /><span class="source">(See NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/deuteronomy/12-26.htm">Deuteronomy 12:26</a></span><br />Only your holy things which you have, and your vows, you shall take, and go to the place which Yahweh shall choose:<br /><span class="source">(See NAS RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/deuteronomy/23-18.htm">Deuteronomy 23:18</a></span><br />You shall not bring the hire of a prostitute, or the wages of a dog, into the house of Yahweh your God for any vow: for even both these are an abomination to Yahweh your God. "who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty."<br /><span class="source">(See NAS)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/1_kings/15-15.htm">1 Kings 15:15</a></span><br />He brought into the house of Yahweh the things that his father had dedicated, and the things that himself had dedicated, silver, and gold, and vessels.<br /><span class="source">(See RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/2_kings/12-18.htm">2 Kings 12:18</a></span><br />Jehoash king of Judah took all the holy things that Jehoshaphat and Jehoram and Ahaziah, his fathers, kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his own holy things, and all the gold that was found in the treasures of the house of Yahweh, and of the king's house, and sent it to Hazael king of Syria: and he went away from Jerusalem.<br /><span class="source">(See RSV)</span><p><span class="rtext"><a href="/2_chronicles/15-18.htm">2 Chronicles 15:18</a></span><br />He brought into the house of God the things that his father had dedicated, and that he himself had dedicated, silver, and gold, and vessels.<br /><span class="source">(See RSV)</span><a name="sub" id="sub"></a><div class="vheading2">Subtopics</div><p class="pspc"><a href="/topical/v/votive.htm">Votive</a></p><a name="rel" id="rel"></a><div class="vheading2">Related Terms</div><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/a/avouch.htm">Avouch</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/v/votive.htm">Votive (13 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/v/vouches.htm">Vouches (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/o/onesimus.htm">Onesimus (2 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/divination.htm">Divination (25 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/d/daniel.htm">Daniel (74 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/c/certificate.htm">Certificate (8 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/a/accredit.htm">Accredit (1 Occurrence)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/a/able.htm">Able (730 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/s/star.htm">Star (16 Occurrences)</a></p><p class="pspc2"><a href="/topical/m/magi.htm">Magi (4 Occurrences)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/topical/v/voting.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Voting"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Voting" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/topical/v/vouch.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Vouch"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Vouch" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div> <div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"><script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script></div></td></tr></table></div></div></div> <br /><br /> <div align="center"> <div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>