Bioscience | NIST

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<div class="nist-block nist-block--no-margin"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230928090527im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/03/08/BioScience_1200x248.png" width="1200" height="248" alt="Black background. Reddish orange orbs with green wispy lines." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-section-header__main grid-container"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="nist-section-header__title"> <h1 class="nist-page__title">Bioscience</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--topic-description padding-top-4 margin-top-1"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>Overview</h2> </div> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-8 padding-right-5 margin-bottom-4"> <div class="text-with-summary"> <p>NIST provides measurement assurance for the biotechnology industry through the development of quantitative analytical measurement tools for nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites, and cell systems to aid industry in the deployment of innovative biotechnologies and advanced biomaterials.</p> <p>NIST standards and reference materials underpin advances in bioscience and biotechnology, contributing to human health and the U.S. economy.</p> <p>NIST provides: </p> <ul><li>Quantitative measurements</li> <li>Reference materials for quality control</li> <li>Data for benchmarking</li> <li>Leadership and technical advice for U.S. and international standards development efforts</li> </ul><p>We have specialized expertise in and equipment for measuring biological processes and systems, along with experience in managing the large amounts of data these measurements produce. Our work benefits: </p> <ul><li>Clinical medicine</li> <li>The biopharmaceutical industry</li> <li>Regulatory agencies</li> <li>The DNA forensics community</li> <li>The mass spectrometry community</li> <li>The synthetic biology industry</li> <li>Equipment manufacturers</li> </ul><h2>The NIST Biofoundry</h2> <figure class="align-center nist-video" data-media-id="528566"><div class="video-embed-field"><div class="video-embed-field-lazy" data-video-embed-field-lazy="<div class="video-embed-field-provider-nist-kaltura video-embed-field-responsive-video"><iframe width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay *; fullscreen *; encrypted-media *" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" src="https://www.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/embedIframeJs/uiconf_id/31013851/partner_id/684682?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=0_ap1sg96i?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=0_ap1sg96i&amp;flashvars%5BautoPlay%5D=1"></iframe> </div> "><img alt="NIST Living Measurement Systems Foundry" loading="lazy" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527im_/https://cdnsecakmi.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/thumbnail/entry_id/0_ap1sg96i/width/1280" typeof="foaf:Image"><button class="video-embed-field-lazy-play"></button> <div class="video-embed-field-lazy-title">NIST Living Measurement Systems Foundry</div> </div> </div> <figcaption class="nist-video__caption" data-caption-editable="true"> The NIST Living Measurement Systems Foundry is enabling reliable, scalable, and safe engineering of cells that can sense and respond in controlled ways for applications such as living therapeutics, environmental remediation, and structured materials fabrication. This automated facility combines high throughput measurements and machine learning to create rapid design-build-test-learn cycles for cellular engineering. For more info: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://go.usa.gov/xmdkw">https://go.usa.gov/xmdkw</a> </figcaption></figure> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <div class="nist-block nist-block--no-margin"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Featured Content</h2> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-hidden nist-field--link-list link font-sans-sm"> <div class="nist-field__items"> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/bioscience/nists-role-bioeconomy">NIST's Role in the Bioeconomy</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/bioscience/metrology-biology">Metrology in Biology</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://niimbl.force.com/s/">National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL)</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/nist-cone-snail-research-milking-killer-mollusks-medical-answers">NIST Cone Snail Research: Milking Killer Mollusks for Medical Answers (Photo Es…</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bg-base-lightest padding-y-5 margin-y-4"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--topic-list grid-container"> <div class="views-element-container nist-block margin-bottom-0"> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-a1da9b47eba1d337d5811466d7061390cea60fd34304c870a21212fba4c535f2"> <div class="nist-block margin-bottom-0"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>Bioscience Topics</h2> </div> <ul class="add-list-reset link-list"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/bioinformatics" hreflang="en">Bioinformatics</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/biomanufacturing" hreflang="en">Biomanufacturing</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/biomaterials" hreflang="en">Biomaterials</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/cell-biology" hreflang="en">Cell biology</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/engineering-synthetic-biology" hreflang="en">Engineering / synthetic biology</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/genomics" hreflang="en">Genomics</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/glycomics" hreflang="en">Glycomics</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/metabolomics" hreflang="en">Metabolomics</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/microbial-measurements" hreflang="en">Microbial measurements</a></div></div></li> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <li class="font-sans-md padding-bottom-205"><div class="views-field views-field-field-shared-section"><div class="field-content nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--arrow-right2"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/proteomics" hreflang="en">Proteomics</a></div></div></li> </div> </div> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--main"> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="grid-container margin-y-5"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--topic-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2> Key Accomplishments </h2> </div> <div class="tablet-lg:grid-col-8 padding-right-5"> <div class="text-long"><ul><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/industry-impacts/accuracy-genetic-testing-technologies">DNA reference materials</a> accelerate product development and provide quality assurance to clinical test labs and manufacturers.</li> <li>NIST expertise in genetic testing supports <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/cancer-biomarker-reference-materials">cancer precision medicine</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/dna-biometrics">forensic applications</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/nist-genome-editing-consortium">NIST Genome Editing Consortium</a> addresses the measurements and standards needed to increase confidence and lower the risk of using genome editing technologies in research and commercial products.</li> <li>The NIST monoclonal antibody reference material — <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2016/07/extraordinary-standard-new-nist-protein-could-spur-biopharmaceutical">the NISTmAb</a> — is used by biopharmaceutical firms for quality assurance and to evaluate new biomanufacturing methods and tools. </li> <li>Facilities such as the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/ncnr">NIST Center for Neutron Research</a> help industry members develop the expertise to use rare neutron scattering tools. Leading biotech companies such as Genentech, Amgen, Regeneron and Pfizer are part of the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/nsoft">nSoft consortium</a>, using neutron science to explore protein-based pharmaceuticals produced by living cells. </li> <li>In addition, NIST provides matched funds to the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://niimbl.force.com/s/">National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL)</a>, part of the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.manufacturingusa.com/">Manufacturing USA</a> network, and participates in activities of Manufacturing USA’s <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.armiusa.org/">BioFabUSA</a>, dedicated to advancing regenerative medicine. </li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-5"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--topic-research paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>The Research</h2> </div> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-8 padding-right-5 margin-y-2"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Projects & Programs</h2> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/darpa-friend-or-foe-fof-independent-verification-and-validation-ivv" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/darpa-friend-or-foe-fof-independent-verification-and-validation-ivv" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230928090527im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2020/02/11/workflow_IVnV.png?itok=698ssYW-" width="100" height="38" alt="DARPA IV&V Workflow" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/darpa-friend-or-foe-fof-independent-verification-and-validation-ivv"><span>DARPA Friend or Foe (FoF) -- Independent Verification and Validation (IV&V)</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> The development of new platforms for characterization of complex microbial samples are hampered by lack of reproducibility and comparability across different </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/genome-bottle" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/genome-bottle" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230928090527im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2019/05/15/giab_logo_color.png?itok=KdsryiNW" width="72" height="100" alt="GIAB Logo" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/genome-bottle"><span>Genome in a Bottle</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Consortium hosted by NIST dedicated to authoritative characterization of benchmark human genomes. Sign up for General GIAB and Analysis Team email lists. Public </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/marine-environmental-metabolomics" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/marine-environmental-metabolomics"><span>Marine Environmental Metabolomics</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> NIST is developing NMR-based metabolomics for use as a tool to expand research on the impacts of environmental stressors on marine organisms. The novel biology </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/protection-against-ionizing-radiation-extreme-radiation-resistant-microorganisms" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/protection-against-ionizing-radiation-extreme-radiation-resistant-microorganisms"><span>Protection Against Ionizing Radiation in Extreme Radiation-resistant Microorganisms</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> We measured the levels of modified DNA bases following ү-irradiation of the halophilic archaeon, Halobacterium sp. str. NRC-1. In this first study to quantify </div> </div> </div> </article> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs/topic/248321">View All Projects/Programs</a></div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4 margin-y-2"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Additional Resources Links</h2> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-hidden nist-field--link-list link nist-field--link-list font-sans-sm"> <div class="nist-field__items"> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/publications/search?ta%5B0%5D=248321">Publications</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--topic-featured paragraph--view-mode--default nist-content-row--width-full bg-base-lightest margin-y-5"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-card nist-card--horizontal nist-card--horizontal-full nist-card--base-lightest"> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/nist-genome-editing-consortium"> <div class="entity-reference"> <figure class="nist-image"> <img src="/web/20230928090527im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2017/06/30/bigstock-177254398.jpg.webp?itok=bgBvHpr1" width="800" height="400" alt="Genome editing technologies" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </a> </div> <div class="nist-card__title"> <h3> The NIST Genome Editing Consortium </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__content"> <div class="text-long"><p>The NIST Genome Editing Consortium addresses the measurements and standards needed to increase confidence and lower the risk of utilizing genome editing technologies in research and commercial products.</p></div> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/nist-genome-editing-consortium" class="usa-button ">Learn more.</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>News</h2> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-news-list-topic paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-5fc8aef6b3e5a25afa889dccc1295096eb7e34187a4043205bcab53b0f2af99b"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-2"> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/09/nists-shrimp-and-salmon-reference-materials-could-help-combat-seafood-fraud"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230928090527im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2023/09/07/Wild_Caught_Salmon_Cryomilling_18.jpg.webp?itok=yR8neFED" width="800" height="400" alt="Pieces of salmon are being fed from a metal holder into the icy opening of a milling machine. " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </a> </div> <div class="nist-card__title padding-y-5"> <h3><span property="schema:name">NIST’s Shrimp and Salmon Reference Materials Could Help Combat Seafood Fraud</span> </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/09/nists-shrimp-and-salmon-reference-materials-could-help-combat-seafood-fraud" class="usa-button ">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/09/nist-seeks-input-implementation-national-standards-strategy-critical-and"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230928090527im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2023/09/06/shutterstock_2118695234-burn-extend-aug23-CROP-web.jpg.webp?itok=Oi2mpH_h" width="800" height="400" alt="Illustration shows a shiny robot hand pointing at icons including a molecule, a heart and an atom." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </a> </div> <div class="nist-card__title padding-y-5"> <h3><span property="schema:name">NIST Seeks Input on Implementation of National Standards Strategy for Critical and Emerging Technology</span> </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/09/nist-seeks-input-implementation-national-standards-strategy-critical-and" class="usa-button ">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <a href="/web/20230928090527/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2023/08/researchers-fully-sequence-y-chromosome-first-time"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img loading="lazy" src="/web/20230928090527im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2023/08/21/Y_Chrome_sketch-rev.png.webp?itok=vqt2jivK" width="800" height="400" alt="Illustration shows a gloved hand holding a puzzle piece that fits into the center of a puzzle showing the letter Y. 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