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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>List of ministers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_ministers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Preceding_offices_responsible_for_immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preceding_offices_responsible_for_immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Preceding offices responsible for immigration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Preceding_offices_responsible_for_immigration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Preceding offices responsible for immigration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Preceding_offices_responsible_for_immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Minister_of_Immigration_and_Colonization_(1917–36)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_Immigration_and_Colonization_(1917–36)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Minister of Immigration and Colonization (1917–36)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_Immigration_and_Colonization_(1917–36)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources_(1936–50)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources_(1936–50)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Minister of Mines and Resources (1936–50)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources_(1936–50)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citizenship_and_Immigration_(1950–66)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citizenship_and_Immigration_(1950–66)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Citizenship and Immigration (1950–66)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citizenship_and_Immigration_(1950–66)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_of_Manpower_and_Immigration_(1966–77)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_Manpower_and_Immigration_(1966–77)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Minister of Manpower and Immigration (1966–77)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_Manpower_and_Immigration_(1966–77)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_of_Employment_and_Immigration_(1977–96)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_Employment_and_Immigration_(1977–96)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Minister of Employment and Immigration (1977–96)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_Employment_and_Immigration_(1977–96)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Ministre de l'Immigration, des Réfugiés et de la Citoyenneté</i></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1233" data-file-height="1643" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Marc_Miller_(politician)" title="Marc Miller (politician)">Marc Miller</a><br /></div>since 26 July 2023</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship_Canada" title="Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada">Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of Canada">Privy Council</a></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reports to</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Parliament</a></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Monarch</a> (represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">governor general</a>);<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />on the <a href="/wiki/Advice_(constitutional)" class="mw-redirect" title="Advice (constitutional)">advice</a> of the prime minister<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">Term length</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/At_His_Majesty%27s_pleasure" title="At His Majesty's pleasure">At His Majesty's pleasure</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-29.4/index.html">Department of Citizenship and Immigration Act</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Precursor</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Multiculturalism_and_Citizenship" title="Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship">Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship</a></div></li> <li><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Employment_and_Immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Employment and Immigration">Minister of Employment and Immigration</a></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Inaugural holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Marchi_(politician)" title="Sergio Marchi (politician)">Sergio Marchi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">30 June 1994</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;">Deputy Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salary</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">CA$</a>269,800 (2019)<sup id="cite_ref-salary_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-salary-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cic.gc.ca/">www.cic.gc.ca</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Canadian_federal_government" title="Structure of the Canadian federal government">structure</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">The Crown</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Monarch</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_monarchs" title="List of Canadian monarchs">list</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">Governor General</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_general_of_Canada" title="List of governors general of Canada">list</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Simon" title="Mary Simon">Mary Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_in_the_Canadian_provinces" title="Monarchy in the Canadian provinces">Monarchy in the provinces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_(Canada)" title="Lieutenant governor (Canada)">Lieutenant governors</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_prerogative#Canada" title="Royal prerogative">Royal prerogative</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">King’s Privy Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime minister</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Canada" title="List of prime ministers of Canada">List of prime ministers</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_ministries" title="List of Canadian ministries">List of Canadian ministries</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/29th_Canadian_Ministry" title="29th Canadian Ministry">29th Canadian Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="President of the King's Privy Council for Canada">President of the Privy Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Privy_Council_(Canada)" title="Clerk of the Privy Council (Canada)">Clerk of the Privy Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_Office_(Canada)" title="Privy Council Office (Canada)">Privy Council Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Service_of_Canada" title="Public Service of Canada">Public Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_(Canada)" title="Executive Council (Canada)">Provincial and territorial executive councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_(Canada)" title="Premier (Canada)">Premiers</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">Legislative</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Federal parliament</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_federal_parliaments" 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href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Government_in_the_House_of_Commons_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Government in the House of Commons (Canada)">Government Leader in the house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_House_Leader" title="Opposition House Leader">Opposition Leader in the house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_(Canada)" title="Official Opposition (Canada)">His Majesty's Loyal Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Official_Opposition_(Canada)" title="Leader of the Official Opposition (Canada)">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_Shadow_Cabinet_(Canada)" title="Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (Canada)">Shadow cabinet</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_assemblies_of_Canadian_provinces_and_territories" title="Legislative assemblies of Canadian provinces and territories">Provincial and territorial parliaments</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td 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<li><a href="/wiki/Court_system_of_Canada#Federal_courts" title="Court system of Canada">Federal courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_system_of_Canada#Military_courts" title="Court system of Canada">Military courts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Canada" title="Constitution of Canada">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_North_America_Acts" title="British North America Acts">Constitution Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace,_order,_and_good_government" title="Peace, order, and good government">Peace, order, and good government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Charter of Rights and Freedoms</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Canada" 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relations">Canada–Latin America relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Canada–European Union relations">Canada–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Canadian_annexation_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Proposed Canadian annexation of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Proposed annexation of Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Crown_and_Indigenous_peoples_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="The Canadian Crown and Indigenous peoples of Canada">Crown and Indigenous peoples</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aboriginal_law" title="Canadian Aboriginal law">Canadian 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href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_Canada" title="Conservatism in Canada">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_constitutional_law" title="Canadian constitutional law">Constitutional law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_federalism" title="Canadian federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Canada" title="Liberalism in Canada">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office-holders_of_Canada" title="Office-holders of Canada">Office-holders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_culture_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Political culture of Canada">Political culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">Provinces and territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Canada" title="List of regions of Canada">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Canada" title="Republicanism in Canada">Republicanism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/14px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/21px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/28px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></li><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:18.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Immigration_to_Canada" title="Category:Immigration to Canada">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian citizenship">Canadian citizenship</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Transparentcanadapassporticon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Transparentcanadapassporticon.png/140px-Transparentcanadapassporticon.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Transparentcanadapassporticon.png/210px-Transparentcanadapassporticon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Transparentcanadapassporticon.png/280px-Transparentcanadapassporticon.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Canada" title="Immigration to Canada">Immigration</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Canada" title="Immigration to Canada">Immigration to Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_immigration_to_Canada" title="History of immigration to Canada">History of immigration to Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_immigration_statistics" title="Canada immigration statistics">Canada immigration statistics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_immigration_to_Canada" title="Economic impact of immigration to Canada">Economic impact of immigration</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_permanent_resident_card" title="Canada permanent resident card">Permanent resident card</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Temporary_residency" class="mw-redirect" title="Temporary residency">Temporary residency</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_Nomination_Program" title="Provincial Nomination Program">Provincial Nomination Program</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_nationality_law" title="Category:Canadian nationality law">Nationality</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Canadian_nationality_law" title="History of Canadian nationality law">History of nationality law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Citizenship_Test" title="Canadian Citizenship Test">Citizenship Test</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Oath_of_Citizenship_(Canada)" title="Oath of Citizenship (Canada)">Oath of Citizenship</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian citizen">Citizenship</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_passport" title="Canadian passport">Passports</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_Canadian_citizenship" title="Honorary Canadian citizenship">Honorary citizenship</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_citizen" title="Commonwealth citizen">Commonwealth citizen</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_nationality_law" title="Category:Canadian nationality law">Legislation</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Act,_1869" title="Immigration Act, 1869">Immigration Act, 1869</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Citizenship_Act_1946" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Citizenship Act 1946">Citizenship Act, 1946</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_nationality_law" title="Canadian nationality law">Citizenship Act, 1976</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Act,_1976" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration Act, 1976">Immigration Act, 1976</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Refugee_Protection_Act" title="Immigration and Refugee Protection Act">Immigration and Refugee Protection Act</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Protecting_Canada%27s_Immigration_System_Act" title="Protecting Canada's Immigration System Act">Protecting Canada's Immigration System Act</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_immigration_and_refugee_law" title="Canadian immigration and refugee law">Canadian immigration and refugee law</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Federal_departments_and_agencies_of_Canada" title="Category:Federal departments and agencies of Canada">Agencies</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship_Canada" title="Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada">Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Border_Services_Agency" title="Canada Border Services Agency">Canada Border Services Agency</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Refugee_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration and Refugee Board">Immigration and Refugee Board</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Safety_Canada" title="Public Safety Canada">Public Safety Canada</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)">Issues</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lost_Canadians" title="Lost Canadians">Lost Canadians</a></li><li>"<a href="/wiki/Canadians_of_convenience" title="Canadians of convenience">Canadians of convenience</a>"</li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Demographics_of_Canada" title="Category:Demographics of Canada">Demographics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Canada" title="Demographics of Canada">Demographics of Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_identity" title="Canadian identity">Canadian identity</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Population_of_Canada_by_year" class="mw-redirect" title="Population of Canada by year">Population by year</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_origins_of_people_in_Canada" title="Ethnic origins of people in Canada">Ethnic origins</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/14px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/21px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/28px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_citizenship" title="Template:Canadian citizenship"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canadian_citizenship" title="Template talk:Canadian citizenship"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian_citizenship" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canadian citizenship"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>minister of immigration, refugees and citizenship</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Ministre de l'immigration, des réfugiés et de la citoyenneté</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Crown" title="Minister of the Crown">minister of the Crown</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Canadian Cabinet</a>. The minister is <a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">responsible</a> for <a href="/wiki/Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship_Canada" title="Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada">Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada</a>, which is the federal department responsible for <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Canada" title="Immigration to Canada">immigration</a>, <a href="/wiki/Refugees_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Refugees in Canada">refugee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Citizenship_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship in Canada">citizenship</a> issues in Canada. </p><p>The current minister is <a href="/wiki/Marc_Miller_(politician)" title="Marc Miller (politician)">Marc Miller</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to the current position, the portfolios responsible for immigration in Canada throughout history were titled: Immigration and Colonization (1917–36), <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources" title="Minister of Mines and Resources">Mines and Resources</a> (1936–50), Citizenship and Immigration (1950–66), Manpower and Immigration (1966–77), and of Employment and Immigration (1977–96). The office as it exists today was created in 1994 by the <i>Department of Citizenship and Immigration Act</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2 July 2013, the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship portfolio inherited primary responsibility for <a href="/wiki/Passport_Canada" title="Passport Canada">Passport Canada</a> and the administration of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Passport_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Passport Order">Canadian Passport Order</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade">Foreign Affairs and International Trade</a> portfolio.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Refugee_Board_of_Canada" title="Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada">Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada</a>, though independent, also reports to the minister.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_overview">Historical overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Historical overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There have been several offices throughout history responsible for immigration in Canada. </p><p>From 1917 to 1936, the office responsible for citizenship and immigration in Canada was the minister of immigration and colonization.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The portfolios thereafter fell under the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources" title="Minister of Mines and Resources">ministers of mines and resources</a> and of reconstruction and supply until 1950, when the office of the minister of citizenship and immigration was established.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1966, the Citizenship and Immigration ministry was largely replaced by that of the minister of manpower and immigration, who would keep responsibility over immigration until 1977. From then on, the immigration portfolio would fall under the minister of employment and immigration until 1996. </p><p>In January 1991, the office of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Multiculturalism_and_Citizenship" title="Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship">minister of multiculturalism and citizenship</a> was created, adopting responsibility over citizenship matters.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This office lasted until 1994, when the post of minister of citizenship and immigration was resuscitated by the <i>Department of Citizenship and Immigration Act</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> substantially revamping the immigration and citizenship portfolios. In 2008, the office was renamed to the minister of citizenship, immigration and multiculturalism, only to again drop the multiculturalism portfolio in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2 July 2013, the Citizenship and Immigration portfolio inherited primary responsibility for <a href="/wiki/Passport_Canada" title="Passport Canada">Passport Canada</a> and the administration of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Passport_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Passport Order">Canadian Passport Order</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade">Foreign Affairs and International Trade</a> portfolio.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 November 2015, the name of the department has changed from Citizenship and Immigration Canada to Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_ministers">List of ministers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: List of ministers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The office of minister of citizenship and immigration was created in 1950 by "Statute 13 George VI, c. 16". That office was abolished in 1966, and replaced by the minister of manpower and immigration.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The office responsible for immigration in Canada would again be titled minister of citizenship and immigration," with its creation in 1994 by the <i>Department of Citizenship and Immigration Act</i> (Statute 42–43 Elizabeth II, c. 31),<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> succeeding the minister of employment and immigration.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though having its name changed in 2015 to minister of immigration, refugees and citizenship, the office created in 1994 as the minister of citizenship and immigration" is still the one that is currently in effect and is responsible for <a href="/wiki/Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship_Canada" title="Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada">Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following immigration ministers are those who assumed the position under the office that was created in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th colspan="2">Term of office </th> <th>Political party </th> <th>Ministry </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7">Ministers of Citizenship and Immigration (1994–2015) </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">9 </th> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Marchi_(politician)" title="Sergio Marchi (politician)">Sergio Marchi</a> </td> <td>June 30, 1994</td> <td>January 24, 1996 </td> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/26th_Canadian_Ministry" title="26th Canadian Ministry">26</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Chrétien</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">10 </th> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lucienne_Robillard" title="Lucienne Robillard">Lucienne Robillard</a> </td> <td>January 25, 1996</td> <td>August 2, 1999 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">11 </th> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elinor_Caplan" title="Elinor Caplan">Elinor Caplan</a> </td> <td>August 3, 1999</td> <td>January 14, 2002 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">12 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Denis_Coderre_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Denis_Coderre_2011.jpg/50px-Denis_Coderre_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Denis_Coderre_2011.jpg/75px-Denis_Coderre_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Denis_Coderre_2011.jpg/100px-Denis_Coderre_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1359" data-file-height="1813" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denis_Coderre" title="Denis Coderre">Denis Coderre</a> </td> <td>January 15, 2002</td> <td>December 11, 2003 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">13 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Judy_Sgro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Judy_Sgro.jpg/50px-Judy_Sgro.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Judy_Sgro.jpg/75px-Judy_Sgro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Judy_Sgro.jpg/100px-Judy_Sgro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="242" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Judy_Sgro" title="Judy Sgro">Judy Sgro</a> </td> <td>December 12, 2003</td> <td>January 13, 2005 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/27th_Canadian_Ministry" title="27th Canadian Ministry">27</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Paul_Martin" title="Paul Martin">Martin</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">14 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Volpe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Volpe.jpg/50px-Volpe.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Volpe.jpg/75px-Volpe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Volpe.jpg/100px-Volpe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="169" data-file-height="228" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Volpe" title="Joe Volpe">Joe Volpe</a> </td> <td>January 14, 2005</td> <td>February 5, 2006 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#6495ED;">15 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Manning_Centre_party_2014_1079.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Manning_Centre_party_2014_1079.jpg/50px-Manning_Centre_party_2014_1079.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Manning_Centre_party_2014_1079.jpg/75px-Manning_Centre_party_2014_1079.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Manning_Centre_party_2014_1079.jpg/100px-Manning_Centre_party_2014_1079.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monte_Solberg" title="Monte Solberg">Monte Solberg</a> </td> <td>February 6, 2006</td> <td>January 3, 2007 </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/28th_Canadian_Ministry" title="28th Canadian Ministry">28</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harper" title="Stephen Harper">Harper</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#6495ED;">16 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MPDianeFinley.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/MPDianeFinley.jpg/50px-MPDianeFinley.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/MPDianeFinley.jpg/75px-MPDianeFinley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/MPDianeFinley.jpg/100px-MPDianeFinley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="167" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diane_Finley" title="Diane Finley">Diane Finley</a> </td> <td>January 4, 2007</td> <td>October 29, 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#6495ED;">17 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jason_Kenney_in_2019_-_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Jason_Kenney_in_2019_-_cropped.jpg/50px-Jason_Kenney_in_2019_-_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Jason_Kenney_in_2019_-_cropped.jpg/75px-Jason_Kenney_in_2019_-_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Jason_Kenney_in_2019_-_cropped.jpg/100px-Jason_Kenney_in_2019_-_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="380" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jason_Kenney" title="Jason Kenney">Jason Kenney</a> </td> <td>October 30, 2008</td> <td>July 15, 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#6495ED;">18 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chris_Alexander_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Chris_Alexander_2015.jpg/50px-Chris_Alexander_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Chris_Alexander_2015.jpg/75px-Chris_Alexander_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Chris_Alexander_2015.jpg/100px-Chris_Alexander_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="778" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chris_Alexander_(politician)" title="Chris Alexander (politician)">Chris Alexander</a> </td> <td>July 15, 2013</td> <td>November 3, 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7">Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">19 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_McCallum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/John_McCallum.jpg/50px-John_McCallum.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/John_McCallum.jpg/75px-John_McCallum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/John_McCallum.jpg/100px-John_McCallum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="329" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_McCallum" title="John McCallum">John McCallum</a> </td> <td>November 4, 2015</td> <td>January 10, 2017 </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/29th_Canadian_Ministry" title="29th Canadian Ministry">29</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">J. Trudeau</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">20 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ahmed_Hussen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ahmed_Hussen.jpg/50px-Ahmed_Hussen.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ahmed_Hussen.jpg/75px-Ahmed_Hussen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Ahmed_Hussen.jpg/100px-Ahmed_Hussen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="205" data-file-height="292" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Hussen" title="Ahmed Hussen">Ahmed Hussen</a> </td> <td>January 10, 2017</td> <td>November 20, 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">21 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marco_Mendicino_at_2022_Canadian_handgun_announcement_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Marco_Mendicino_at_2022_Canadian_handgun_announcement_%28cropped%29.jpg/50px-Marco_Mendicino_at_2022_Canadian_handgun_announcement_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Marco_Mendicino_at_2022_Canadian_handgun_announcement_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Marco_Mendicino_at_2022_Canadian_handgun_announcement_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Marco_Mendicino_at_2022_Canadian_handgun_announcement_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Marco_Mendicino_at_2022_Canadian_handgun_announcement_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="343" data-file-height="458" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marco_Mendicino" title="Marco Mendicino">Marco Mendicino</a> </td> <td>November 20, 2019</td> <td>October 26, 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">22 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sean_Fraser_-_Collision_2023_-_Centre_Stage_VR3_8228_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Sean_Fraser_-_Collision_2023_-_Centre_Stage_VR3_8228_%28cropped%29.jpg/50px-Sean_Fraser_-_Collision_2023_-_Centre_Stage_VR3_8228_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Sean_Fraser_-_Collision_2023_-_Centre_Stage_VR3_8228_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Sean_Fraser_-_Collision_2023_-_Centre_Stage_VR3_8228_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Sean_Fraser_-_Collision_2023_-_Centre_Stage_VR3_8228_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Sean_Fraser_-_Collision_2023_-_Centre_Stage_VR3_8228_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2961" data-file-height="3829" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sean_Fraser_(politician)" title="Sean Fraser (politician)">Sean Fraser</a> </td> <td>October 26, 2021</td> <td>July 26, 2023 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">23 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/50px-Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Marc_Miller_at_Woman_Life_Freedom_Protest_2023_002_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1233" data-file-height="1643" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marc_Miller_(politician)" title="Marc Miller (politician)">Marc Miller</a> </td> <td>July 26, 2023</td> <td>Incumbent </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7"><b><small>Key:</small></b><small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#EA6D6A; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party of Canada</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#6495ED; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a></div></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Preceding_offices_responsible_for_immigration">Preceding offices responsible for immigration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Preceding offices responsible for immigration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There have been several offices throughout history responsible for immigration in Canada. </p><p>Prior to the current position, the offices responsible for immigration in Canada throughout history include the minister of immigration and colonization (1917–1936), minister of mines and resources (1936–1950), minister of citizenship and immigration (1950–1966), minister of manpower and immigration (1966–1977), minister of employment and immigration (1977–1996). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Immigration_and_Colonization_(1917–36)"><span id="Minister_of_Immigration_and_Colonization_.281917.E2.80.9336.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="Minister_of_Immigration_and_Colonization"></span>Minister of Immigration and Colonization (1917–36)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Minister of Immigration and Colonization (1917–36)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">Minister of Immigration and Colonization</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet of Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">1917</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Calder" title="James Alexander Calder">James Alexander Calder</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Alexander_Crerar" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Alexander Crerar">Thomas Alexander Crerar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abolished</th><td class="infobox-data">1936</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The minister of immigration and colonization was an office in the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet of Canada</a> from 1917 to 1936, superseded by the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Mines and Resources (Canada)">minister of mines and resources</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-laws-lois.justice.gc.ca_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laws-lois.justice.gc.ca-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After 1950, the position has been succeeded by minister of citizenship and immigration (1950–1966), minister of manpower and immigration (1966–1977), and minister of employment and immigration (1977–1996). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5">Ministers of Immigration and Colonization </th></tr> <tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Name </th> <th colspan="2">Term of office </th> <th>Ministry </th></tr> <tr> <td>1. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Calder" title="James Alexander Calder">James Alexander Calder</a> </td> <td>October 12, 1917 </td> <td>July 10, 1920 </td> <td>under <a href="/wiki/Robert_Laird_Borden" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Laird Borden">Borden</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>James Alexander Calder <i>(cont’d)</i> </td> <td>July 10, 1920 </td> <td>September 20, 1921 </td> <td rowspan="2">under <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Meighen" title="Arthur Meighen">Meighen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Edwards" title="John Wesley Edwards">John Wesley Edwards</a> </td> <td>September 21, 1921 </td> <td>December 29, 1921 </td></tr> <tr> <td>* </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hewitt_Bostock" title="Hewitt Bostock">Hewitt Bostock</a> <i>(acting)</i> </td> <td>January 3, 1922 </td> <td>February 2, 1922 </td> <td rowspan="5">under <a href="/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King" title="William Lyon Mackenzie King">King</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>* </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stewart_(1868-1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Stewart (1868-1946)">Charles Stewart</a> <i>(acting)</i> </td> <td>February 20, 1922 </td> <td>August 16, 1923 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Robb" class="mw-redirect" title="James Alexander Robb">James Alexander Robb</a> </td> <td>August 17, 1923 </td> <td>September 4, 1925 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Newcombe_Gordon" title="George Newcombe Gordon">George Newcombe Gordon</a> </td> <td>September 7, 1925 </td> <td>November 12, 1925 </td></tr> <tr> <td>* </td> <td>Charles Stewart <i>(acting)</i> </td> <td>November 13, 1925 </td> <td>June 28, 1926 </td></tr> <tr> <td>* </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_James_Manion" title="Robert James Manion">Robert James Manion</a> <i>(acting)</i> </td> <td>June 29, 1926 </td> <td>July 12, 1926 </td> <td rowspan="2">under Meighen </td></tr> <tr> <td>* </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lumley_Drayton" title="Henry Lumley Drayton">Henry Lumley Drayton</a> <i>(acting)</i> </td> <td>July 13, 1926 </td> <td>September 25, 1926 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Forke" title="Robert Forke">Robert Forke</a> </td> <td>September 26, 1926 </td> <td>December 29, 1929 </td> <td rowspan="3">under King </td></tr> <tr> <td>* </td> <td>Charles Stewart <i>(acting)</i> </td> <td>December 30, 1929 </td> <td>June 26, 1930 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ian_Alistair_Mackenzie" title="Ian Alistair Mackenzie">Ian Alistair Mackenzie</a> </td> <td>June 27, 1930 </td> <td>August 7, 1930 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Ashton_Gordon" title="Wesley Ashton Gordon">Wesley Ashton Gordon</a> </td> <td>August 7, 1930 </td> <td>October 23, 1935 </td> <td>under <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bedford_Bennett" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Bedford Bennett">Bennett</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Alexander_Crerar" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Alexander Crerar">Thomas Alexander Crerar</a> </td> <td>October 23, 1935 </td> <td>November 30, 1936 </td> <td>under King </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources_(1936–50)"><span id="Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources_.281936.E2.80.9350.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources"></span>Minister of Mines and Resources (1936–50)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Minister of Mines and Resources (1936–50)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Mines_and_Resources" title="Minister of Mines and Resources">Minister of Mines and Resources</a></div> <p>The minister of mines and resources was a cabinet portfolio from 1936 to 1950 that had absorbed the responsibilities belonging to the offices of minister of immigration and colonization, as well as of the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of the Interior">minister of the interior</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Mines_(Canada)" title="Minister of Mines (Canada)">minister of mines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Superintendent-General_of_Indian_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs">superintendent-general of Indian affairs</a>. The last minister of immigration and colonization, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Alexander_Crerar" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Alexander Crerar">Thomas Alexander Crerar</a>, remained in office under the new title of minister of mines and resources. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citizenship_and_Immigration_(1950–66)"><span id="Citizenship_and_Immigration_.281950.E2.80.9366.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="Citizenship_and_Immigration"></span><span class="anchor" id="Citizenship_and_Immigration_(1950–1966)"></span>Citizenship and Immigration (1950–66)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Citizenship and Immigration (1950–66)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">Minister of Citizenship and Immigration (1950–1966)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet of Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data">Statute 13 George VI, c. 16</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">18 January 1950</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Edward_Harris" title="Walter Edward Harris">Walter Edward Harris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Marchand" title="Jean Marchand">Jean Marchand</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abolished</th><td class="infobox-data">1 October 1966</td></tr></tbody></table><p>The office of minister of citizenship and immigration came in force on 18 January 1950, and would be abolished and replaced by the minister of manpower and immigration as of 1 October 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the minister of manpower and immigration (1966–1977) and the minister of employment and immigration (1977–1996), the office responsible for immigration in Canada would again be titled minister of citizenship and immigration, which was created in 1994 and is currently in effect (though changing its name to the minister immigration, refugees and citizenship as of 2015). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7">Ministers of Citizenship and Immigration (1950–1966) </th></tr> <tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th colspan="2">Term of office </th> <th>Political party </th> <th>Ministry </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">1 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Walter_Edward_Harris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Walter_Edward_Harris.jpg/50px-Walter_Edward_Harris.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Walter_Edward_Harris.jpg/75px-Walter_Edward_Harris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Walter_Edward_Harris.jpg/100px-Walter_Edward_Harris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="659" data-file-height="881" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Edward_Harris" title="Walter Edward Harris">Walter Harris</a> </td> <td>January 18, 1950</td> <td>June 30, 1954 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/17th_Canadian_Ministry" title="17th Canadian Ministry">17</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Louis_St._Laurent" title="Louis St. Laurent">St. Laurent</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">2 </th> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Pickersgill" title="Jack Pickersgill">Jack Pickersgill</a> </td> <td>July 1, 1954</td> <td>June 21, 1957 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#9999FF;">– </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EdmundDavieFulton-1916.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/EdmundDavieFulton-1916.jpg/50px-EdmundDavieFulton-1916.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/EdmundDavieFulton-1916.jpg/75px-EdmundDavieFulton-1916.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/EdmundDavieFulton-1916.jpg/100px-EdmundDavieFulton-1916.jpg 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="580" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Davie_Fulton" title="Davie Fulton">Davie Fulton</a> <i>(Acting)</i> </td> <td>June 21, 1957</td> <td>May 11, 1958 </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/18th_Canadian_Ministry" title="18th Canadian Ministry">18</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/John_Diefenbaker" title="John Diefenbaker">Diefenbaker</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#9999FF;">3 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg/50px-Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg/75px-Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg/100px-Ellen_Fairclough_1940s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="1186" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Fairclough" title="Ellen Fairclough">Ellen Fairclough</a> </td> <td>May 12, 1958</td> <td>August 8, 1962 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#9999FF;">4 </th> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dick_Bell" title="Dick Bell">Dick Bell</a> </td> <td>August 9, 1962</td> <td>April 22, 1963 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">5 </th> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guy_Favreau" title="Guy Favreau">Guy Favreau</a> </td> <td>April 22, 1963</td> <td>February 2, 1964 </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/19th_Canadian_Ministry" title="19th Canadian Ministry">19</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Lester_B._Pearson" title="Lester B. Pearson">Pearson</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">6 </th> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Tremblay" title="René Tremblay">René Tremblay</a> </td> <td>February 3, 1964</td> <td>February 14, 1965 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">7 </th> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Nicholson" title="John Robert Nicholson">John Robert Nicholson</a> </td> <td>February 15, 1965</td> <td>December 17, 1965 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">8 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean_Marchand1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Jean_Marchand1.jpg/50px-Jean_Marchand1.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Jean_Marchand1.jpg/75px-Jean_Marchand1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Jean_Marchand1.jpg/100px-Jean_Marchand1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="244" data-file-height="311" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean_Marchand" title="Jean Marchand">Jean Marchand</a> </td> <td>December 18, 1965</td> <td>September 30, 1966 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7"><small><b>Key:</b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#EA6D6A; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party of Canada</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#9999FF; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a></div></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Manpower_and_Immigration_(1966–77)"><span id="Minister_of_Manpower_and_Immigration_.281966.E2.80.9377.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="Minister_of_Manpower_and_Immigration"></span>Minister of Manpower and Immigration (1966–77)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Minister of Manpower and Immigration (1966–77)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">Minister of Manpower and Immigration</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet of Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data">Statute 14–15 Elizabeth II, c. 25</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">1 October 1966</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Marchand" title="Jean Marchand">Jean Marchand</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Final holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bud_Cullen" title="Bud Cullen">Bud Cullen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abolished</th><td class="infobox-data">14 August 1977</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Minister of Manpower and Immigration was a former position in the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet of Canada</a> from 1966 to 1977. The position was created after the minister of citizenship and immigration was dissolved in 1966. It was abolished and replaced with the minister of employment and immigration in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5">Ministers of Manpower and Immigration </th></tr> <tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Name </th> <th colspan="2">Term of office </th> <th>Ministry </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1. </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Marchand" title="Jean Marchand">Jean Marchand</a> </td> <td>October 1, 1966 </td> <td>April 20, 1968 </td> <td>under <a href="/wiki/Lester_Pearson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lester Pearson">Lester Pearson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 20, 1968 </td> <td>July 5, 1968 </td> <td rowspan="6">under <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Allan_MacEachen" title="Allan MacEachen">Allan MacEachen</a> </td> <td>July 5, 1968 </td> <td>September 23, 1970 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Otto_Lang" title="Otto Lang">Otto Lang</a> </td> <td>September 24, 1970 </td> <td>January 27, 1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bryce_Mackasey" title="Bryce Mackasey">Bryce Mackasey</a> </td> <td>January 28, 1972 </td> <td>November 26, 1972 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Andras" title="Bob Andras">Bob Andras</a> </td> <td>November 27, 1972 </td> <td>September 13, 1976 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bud_Cullen" title="Bud Cullen">Bud Cullen</a> </td> <td>September 14, 1976 </td> <td>August 14, 1977 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Employment_and_Immigration_(1977–96)"><span id="Minister_of_Employment_and_Immigration_.281977.E2.80.9396.29"></span><span class="anchor" id="Minister_of_Employment_and_Immigration"></span>Minister of Employment and Immigration (1977–96)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Minister of Employment and Immigration (1977–96)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The minister of employment and immigration was an office in the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet of Canada</a>, in operation from 1977 to 1996, and was first held by <a href="/wiki/Bud_Cullen" title="Bud Cullen">Bud Cullen</a>, who continued from his preceding role as the minister of manpower and immigration. </p><p>On 12 July 1996, the office of the minister of employment and immigration was abolished and replaced with the office of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Human_Resources_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Human Resources Development">minister of human resources development</a>. The portfolio for immigration was transferred to the office of minister of citizenship and immigration following the reorganization of the government and formation of the department for <a href="/wiki/Citizenship_and_Immigration_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship and Immigration Canada">Citizenship and Immigration Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-laws-lois.justice.gc.ca_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laws-lois.justice.gc.ca-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Ministers of Employment and Immigration </th></tr> <tr> <th>No. </th> <th>Name </th> <th colspan="2">Term of office </th> <th>Political party </th> <th>Ministry </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bud_Cullen" title="Bud Cullen">Bud Cullen</a> </td> <td>August 15, 1977 </td> <td>June 3, 1979 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/20th_Canadian_Ministry" title="20th Canadian Ministry">20</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">P. E. Trudeau</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background:#9999FF; color:white">2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ron_Atkey" title="Ron Atkey">Ron Atkey</a> </td> <td>June 4, 1979 </td> <td>March 2, 1980 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/21st_Canadian_Ministry" title="21st Canadian Ministry">21</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Clark</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">3 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Axworthy" title="Lloyd Axworthy">Lloyd Axworthy</a> </td> <td>March 3, 1980 </td> <td>August 11, 1983 </td> <td rowspan="3">Liberal </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/22nd_Canadian_Ministry" title="22nd Canadian Ministry">22</a> <small>(P. E. Trudeau)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="row" style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">4 </th> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts_(Canadian_politician)" title="John Roberts (Canadian politician)">John Roberts</a> </td> <td>August 12, 1983 </td> <td>June 29, 1984 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 30, 1984 </td> <td>September 16, 1984 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_Canadian_Ministry" title="23rd Canadian Ministry">23</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/John_Turner" title="John Turner">Turner</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background:#9999FF; color:white">5 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald_(politician)" title="Flora MacDonald (politician)">Flora MacDonald</a> </td> <td>September 17, 1984 </td> <td>June 29, 1986 </td> <td rowspan="5">Progressive Conservative </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/24th_Canadian_Ministry" title="24th Canadian Ministry">24</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Brian_Mulroney" title="Brian Mulroney">Mulroney</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background:#9999FF; color:white">6 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Bouchard" title="Benoît Bouchard">Benoît Bouchard</a> </td> <td>June 30, 1986 </td> <td>March 30, 1988 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background:#9999FF; color:white">7 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Barbara_McDougall" title="Barbara McDougall">Barbara McDougall</a> </td> <td>March 31, 1988 </td> <td>April 20, 1991 </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" scope="row" style="background:#9999FF; color:white">8 </th> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Valcourt" title="Bernard Valcourt">Bernard Valcourt</a> </td> <td>April 21, 1991 </td> <td>June 24, 1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June 25, 1993 </td> <td>November 3, 1993 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/25th_Canadian_Ministry" title="25th Canadian Ministry">25</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell">Campbell</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">– </th> <td>Lloyd Axworthy <i>(second time)</i> </td> <td>November 4, 1993 </td> <td>January 24, 1996 </td> <td rowspan="2">Liberal </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/26th_Canadian_Ministry" title="26th Canadian Ministry">26</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Chrétien</a>)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="background:#EA6D6A; color:white">9 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Doug_Young_(politician)" title="Doug Young (politician)">Douglas Young</a> </td> <td>January 25, 1996 </td> <td>July 11, 1996 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6"><small><b>Key:</b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#EA6D6A; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party of Canada</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#9999FF; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Canada">Progressive Conservative</a></div></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Canada" title="Immigration to Canada">Immigration to Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Immigration_(Quebec)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Immigration (Quebec)">Minister of Immigration (Quebec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian citizenship">Canadian citizenship</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minister_of_Immigration,_Refugees_and_Citizenship&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output 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0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ourcommons.ca/About/OurProcedure/ParliamentaryFramework/c_g_parliamentaryframework-e.htm">"The Canadian Parliamentary system – Our Procedure – House of Commons"</a>. 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CBC News. 26 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trudeau+overhauls+his+cabinet%2C+drops+7+ministers+and+shuffles+most+portfolios&rft.pub=CBC+News&rft.date=2023-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fcabinet-shuffle-trudeau-1.6916367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinister+of+Immigration%2C+Refugees+and+Citizenship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/Federal/areasResponsibility/profile?depId=1958">Citizenship and Immigration (1994-06-23 –  )</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210828094824/https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/Federal/areasResponsibility/profile?depId=1958">Archived</a> 2021-08-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i>ParlInfo</i>. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Parliament" title="Library of Parliament">Library of Parliament</a>. Retrieved 2020 October 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-29.4/page-1.html">"<i>Department of Citizenship and Immigration Act</i>, S.C. 1994, c. 31"</a>. 29 April 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210730194150/https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-29.4/page-1.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Department+of+Citizenship+and+Immigration+Act%2C+S.C.+1994%2C+c.+31&rft.date=2013-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaws-lois.justice.gc.ca%2Feng%2Facts%2FC-29.4%2Fpage-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinister+of+Immigration%2C+Refugees+and+Citizenship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFImmigration2017" class="citation web cs1">Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (4 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/mandate.html">"Mandate — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada"</a>. <i>aem</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180713203951/https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/mandate.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aem&rft.atitle=Mandate+%E2%80%94+Immigration%2C+Refugees+and+Citizenship+Canada&rft.date=2017-12-04&rft.aulast=Immigration&rft.aufirst=Refugees+and+Citizenship+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.ca%2Fen%2Fimmigration-refugees-citizenship%2Fcorporate%2Fmandate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinister+of+Immigration%2C+Refugees+and+Citizenship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/Federal/areasResponsibility/profile?depId=1956">Citizenship and Immigration (1950-01-18 – 1966-09-30)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108113512/https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/Federal/areasResponsibility/profile?depId=1956">Archived</a> 2020-11-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i>ParlInfo</i>. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Parliament" title="Library of Parliament">Library of Parliament</a>. Retrieved 2020 October 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-laws-lois.justice.gc.ca-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-laws-lois.justice.gc.ca_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laws-lois.justice.gc.ca_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SI-93-142/page-1.html">Order Transferring to the Department of Employment and Immigration...and Transferring to the Minister of Employment and Immigration...and Combining the Department of Employment and Immigration and the Department of Labour Under the Minister of Employment and Immigration</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108033230/https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SI-93-142/page-1.html">Archived</a> 2020-11-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/Federal/areasResponsibility/profile?depId=5101">Manpower and Immigration (1966-10-01 – 1977-08-14)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201104160056/https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/Federal/areasResponsibility/profile?depId=5101">Archived</a> 2020-11-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i>ParlInfo</i>. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Parliament" title="Library of Parliament">Library of Parliament</a>. Retrieved 2020 October 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/Federal/areasResponsibility/profile?depId=2821">Employment and Immigration (1977-08-15 – 1996-07-11)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716144401/https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/Federal/areasResponsibility/profile?depId=2821">Archived</a> 2022-07-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i>ParlInfo</i>. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Parliament" title="Library of Parliament">Library of Parliament</a>. Retrieved 2020 October 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n78034786.html">Canada. Employment and Immigration Canada (Department)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210829184821/https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n78034786.html">Archived</a> 2021-08-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." 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