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data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Boy_and_His_Atom" title="A Boy and His Atom – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="A Boy and His Atom" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Boy_and_His_Atom" title="A Boy and His Atom – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="A Boy and His Atom" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un_chico_y_su_%C3%A1tomo" title="Un chico y su átomo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Un chico y su átomo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B3%D8%B1_%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B4" title="پسر و اتمش – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پسر و اتمش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Boy_and_His_Atom" title="A Boy and His Atom – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="A Boy and His Atom" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%85%84%EA%B3%BC_%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90" title="소년과 원자 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소년과 원자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Boy_and_His_Atom" title="A Boy and His Atom – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="A Boy and His Atom" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9C%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%92%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%88%E3%83%A0" title="ア・ボーイ・アンド・ヒズ・アトム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ア・ボーイ・アンド・ヒズ・アトム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Boy_and_His_Atom" title="A Boy and His Atom – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="A Boy and His Atom" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un_b%C4%83iat_%C8%99i_atomul_lui" title="Un băiat și atomul lui – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Un băiat și atomul lui" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Мальчик и его атом – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мальчик и его атом" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%96_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Хлопчик і його атом – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хлопчик і його атом" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Boy_and_His_Atom" title="A Boy and His Atom – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="A Boy and His Atom" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">A Boy and His Atom</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Boy_and_His_Atom_Movie_Stills_(8675821573).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An image of a small boy on the right made out of silvery dots against a gray background, with a single dot on the left"><img alt="An image of a small boy on the right made out of silvery dots against a gray background, with a single dot on the left" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/A_Boy_and_His_Atom_Movie_Stills_%288675821573%29.jpg/220px-A_Boy_and_His_Atom_Movie_Stills_%288675821573%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/A_Boy_and_His_Atom_Movie_Stills_%288675821573%29.jpg/330px-A_Boy_and_His_Atom_Movie_Stills_%288675821573%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/A_Boy_and_His_Atom_Movie_Stills_%288675821573%29.jpg/440px-A_Boy_and_His_Atom_Movie_Stills_%288675821573%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The atom (left) and the boy. This film was made using individual carbon monoxide molecules and photographed using a <a href="/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope" title="Scanning tunneling microscope">scanning tunneling microscope</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nico_Casavecchia" title="Nico Casavecchia">Nico Casavecchia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production<br />company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;">1st Ave Machine</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/IBM_Research" title="IBM Research">IBM Research</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>April 30, 2013<span style="display: none;"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2013-04-30</span>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1 minute 33 seconds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>A Boy and His Atom</b></i> is a 2013 <a href="/wiki/Stop-motion_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="Stop-motion animation">stop-motion animated</a> <a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">short film</a> released on <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> by <a href="/wiki/IBM_Research" title="IBM Research">IBM Research</a>. One minute in length, it was made by moving <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">carbon monoxide</a> <a href="/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule">molecules</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope" title="Scanning tunneling microscope">scanning tunneling microscope</a>, a device that magnifies them 100 million times. These two-atom molecules were moved to create images, which were then saved as individual frames to make the film.<sup id="cite_ref-IBM_Research_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBM_Research-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The movie was recognized by the <i><a href="/wiki/Guinness_Book_of_World_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinness Book of World Records">Guinness Book of World Records</a></i> as the World's Smallest Stop-Motion Film in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The scientists at <a href="/wiki/IBM_Almaden_Research_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Almaden Research Center">IBM Research – Almaden</a> who made the film are moving atoms to explore the limits of data storage because, as data creation and consumption gets bigger, data storage needs to get smaller, all the way down to the <a href="/wiki/Atomic_level_deviation" class="mw-redirect" title="Atomic level deviation">atomic level</a>. Traditional silicon transistor technology has become cheaper, denser and more efficient, but fundamental physical limitations suggest that scaling down is an unsustainable path to solving the growing Big Data dilemma. This team of scientists is particularly interested in starting on the smallest scale, single atoms, and building structures up from there. Using this method, IBM announced it can now store a single bit of information in just 12 atoms (current technology as of 2012 takes roughly one million atoms to store a single bit).<sup id="cite_ref-IBM_Research_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBM_Research-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Creation">Creation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Boy_and_His_Atom&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Creation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A large black spherical object with a slightly smaller red one merging into it from the right" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png/220px-Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png/330px-Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png/440px-Carbon-monoxide-3D-vdW.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="871" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of a carbon monoxide molecule</figcaption></figure> <p><i>A Boy And His Atom</i> was created by a team of <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> scientists – together with <a href="/wiki/Ogilvy_%26_Mather" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogilvy & Mather">Ogilvy & Mather</a>, IBM's longstanding advertising agency – at the company's <a href="/wiki/IBM_Almaden_Research_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM Almaden Research Center">Almaden Research Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Moving_Atoms_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moving_Atoms-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using a <a href="/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope" title="Scanning tunneling microscope">scanning tunneling microscope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbon_monoxide" title="Carbon monoxide">carbon monoxide</a> molecules were manipulated into place on a copper <a href="/wiki/Substrate_(electronics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Substrate (electronics)">substrate</a> with a copper needle at a distance of 1 nanometer.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They remain in place, forming a bond with the substrate because of the extremely low temperature of 5 K (−268.15 °C, −450.67 °F) at which the device operates.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a> component of each molecule shows up as a dot when photographed by the scanning tunneling microscope, allowing the creation of images composed of many such dots.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The team created 242 still images with 65 carbon monoxide molecules. The images were combined to make a stop-motion film.<sup id="cite_ref-DailyTech_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyTech-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each frame measures 45 by 25 <a href="/wiki/Nanometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanometer">nanometers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It took four researchers two weeks of 18-hour days to produce the film.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The graphics and sound effects resemble those of early video games. "This movie is a fun way to share the atomic-scale world," said project leader <a href="/wiki/Andreas_J._Heinrich" title="Andreas J. Heinrich">Andreas J. Heinrich</a>. "The reason we made this was not to convey a scientific message directly, but to engage with students, to prompt them to ask questions."<sup id="cite_ref-AP_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the researchers created three still images to promote <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_Into_Darkness" title="Star Trek Into Darkness">Star Trek Into Darkness</a></i>—the <a href="/wiki/Federation_(Star_Trek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Federation (Star Trek)">Federation</a> logo, the starship <i><a href="/wiki/Starship_Enterprise" title="Starship Enterprise">Enterprise</a></i>, and a <a href="/wiki/Vulcan_salute" title="Vulcan salute">Vulcan salute</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DailyTech_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyTech-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reaction">Reaction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Boy_and_His_Atom&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reaction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Records</a> certified the movie as The World's Smallest Stop-Motion Film ever made.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film was accepted into the Tribeca Online Film Festival and shown at the New York Tech Meet-up and the World Science Festival. The film surpassed a million views in 24 hours, and two million views in 48 hours, with more than 27,000 likes. As of October 2024, the film has over 24.3 million views and over 742,000 likes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Implications">Implications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Boy_and_His_Atom&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Implications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the film was used by the researchers as a fun way to get students interested in science, it grew out of work that could increase the amount of data computers could store. In 2012, they demonstrated that they could store a <a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">bit</a> of computer memory on a group of just 12 atoms instead of a million, the previous minimum.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If it became commercially viable, "You could carry around, not just two movies on your <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a>," Heinrich said in a companion video about the film's production, "you could carry around every movie ever produced."<sup id="cite_ref-Moving_Atoms_at_2:35_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moving_Atoms_at_2:35-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Boy_and_His_Atom&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" 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no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/blogs/research/2013/05/how-to-move-an-atom/">"A Boy And His Atom"</a>. <i>IBM Research</i>. May 1, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 29,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IBM+Research&rft.atitle=A+Boy+And+His+Atom&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibm.com%2Fblogs%2Fresearch%2F2013%2F05%2Fhow-to-move-an-atom%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Boy+and+His+Atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2013/5/ibm-goes-atomic-for-smallest-stop-motion-film-48482/">"IBM Goes Atomic for Smallest Stop-Motion Film"</a>. <i>Guinness World Records</i>. May 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guinness+World+Records&rft.atitle=IBM+Goes+Atomic+for+Smallest+Stop-Motion+Film&rft.date=2013-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fnews%2F2013%2F5%2Fibm-goes-atomic-for-smallest-stop-motion-film-48482%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Boy+and+His+Atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPatrick_Goss2012" class="citation web cs1">Patrick Goss (January 13, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techradar.com/news/computing-components/storage/how-many-atoms-to-store-one-bit-of-data-1054434">"How many atoms to store one bit of data?"</a>. <i>TechRadar</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechRadar&rft.atitle=How+many+atoms+to+store+one+bit+of+data%3F&rft.date=2012-01-13&rft.au=Patrick+Goss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techradar.com%2Fnews%2Fcomputing-components%2Fstorage%2Fhow-many-atoms-to-store-one-bit-of-data-1054434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Boy+and+His+Atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moving_Atoms-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Moving_Atoms_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xA4QWwaweWA"><i>Moving Atoms: Making the World's Smallest Movie</i></a> (Digital video). <a href="/wiki/IBM_Research" title="IBM Research">IBM Research</a>. Event occurs at 2:35–3:00<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moving+Atoms%3A+Making+the+World%27s+Smallest+Movie&rft.pub=IBM+Research&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DxA4QWwaweWA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Boy+and+His+Atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2013/05/01/innovations-in-5-watch-the-worlds-smallest-stop-motion-film">"Innovations in 5: Watch the world's smallest stop-motion film"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. Associated Press. May 1, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Innovations+in+5%3A+Watch+the+world%27s+smallest+stop-motion+film&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Finnovations%2Fwp%2F2013%2F05%2F01%2Finnovations-in-5-watch-the-worlds-smallest-stop-motion-film&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Boy+and+His+Atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPalmer2013" class="citation web cs1">Palmer, Jason (May 1, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22364761">"Atoms star in world's smallest movie"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Atoms+star+in+world%27s+smallest+movie&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscience-environment-22364761&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Boy+and+His+Atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DailyTech-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DailyTech_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DailyTech_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMick2013" class="citation news cs1">Mick, Jason (May 1, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071121/http://www.dailytech.com/IBM+Makes+Worlds+Smallest+Movie+Using+Deadly+Carbon+Monoxide/article31458.htm">"IBM Makes World's Smallest Movie Using Deadly Carbon Monoxide"</a>. <i>Daily Tech</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailytech.com/IBM+Makes+Worlds+Smallest+Movie+Using+Deadly+Carbon+Monoxide/article31458.htm">the original</a> on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Tech&rft.atitle=IBM+Makes+World%27s+Smallest+Movie+Using+Deadly+Carbon+Monoxide&rft.date=2013-05-01&rft.aulast=Mick&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailytech.com%2FIBM%2BMakes%2BWorlds%2BSmallest%2BMovie%2BUsing%2BDeadly%2BCarbon%2BMonoxide%2Farticle31458.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Boy+and+His+Atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKramer2013" class="citation news cs1">Kramer, Miriam (May 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.space.com/20951-star-trek-ibm-atom-art.html">"IBM Warps Atoms Into Crazy 'Star Trek' Art"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=IBM+Warps+Atoms+Into+Crazy+%27Star+Trek%27+Art&rft.date=2013-05-03&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2F20951-star-trek-ibm-atom-art.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Boy+and+His+Atom" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moving_Atoms_at_2:35-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Moving_Atoms_at_2:35_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Moving Atoms</i>, at 2:55.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Boy_and_His_Atom&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2884148/"><i>A Boy and His Atom</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSCX78-8-q0"><span class="plainlinks"><i>A Boy and His Atom</i></span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xA4QWwaweWA"><span class="plainlinks">The making of the film</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phys.org/news/2013-05-ibm-world-smallest-movie-atoms.html">IBM researchers make world's smallest movie using atoms (w/ video)</a> at Phys.org</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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Research">Research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AdStar" title="AdStar">AdStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIM_alliance" title="AIM alliance">AIM alliance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaleida_Labs" title="Kaleida Labs">Kaleida Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taligent" title="Taligent">Taligent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambra_Computer_Corporation" title="Ambra Computer Corporation">Ambra Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognos" title="Cognos">Cognos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EduQuest" title="EduQuest">EduQuest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyndryl" title="Kyndryl">Kyndryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexmark" title="Lexmark">Lexmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merative" title="Merative">Merative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Microelectronics" title="IBM Microelectronics">Microelectronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Product_Center" title="IBM Product Center">Product Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Research_Associates" title="Science Research Associates">Science Research Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_Bureau_Corporation" title="Service Bureau Corporation">Service Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Weather_Company" title="The Weather Company">The Weather Company</a> (<a href="/wiki/Weather_Underground_(weather_service)" title="Weather Underground (weather service)">Weather Underground</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Towers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1250_Ren%C3%A9-L%C3%A9vesque" title="1250 René-Lévesque">1250 René-Lévesque</a>, Montreal, QC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Atlantic_Center" title="One Atlantic Center">One Atlantic Center</a>, Atlanta, GA</li></ul></li> <li>Software Labs <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Rome_Software_Lab" title="IBM Rome Software Lab">Rome Software Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Toronto_Software_Lab" title="IBM Toronto Software Lab">Toronto Software Lab</a></li></ul></li> <li>IBM Buildings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/330_North_Wabash" title="330 North Wabash">330 North Wabash</a>, Chicago, IL</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Building,_Honolulu" title="IBM Building, Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1200_Fifth" title="1200 Fifth">Seattle</a></li></ul></li> <li>Facilities <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Research_Center" title="Thomas J. Watson Research Center">Thomas J. Watson Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Hakozaki_Facility" title="IBM Hakozaki Facility">Hakozaki Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Yamato_Facility" title="IBM Yamato Facility">Yamato Facility</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Scientific_Center" title="Cambridge Scientific Center">Cambridge Scientific Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Hursley" title="IBM Hursley">IBM Hursley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Canada_Head_Office_Building" title="IBM Canada Head Office Building">Canada Head Office Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Rochester" title="IBM Rochester">IBM Rochester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Academy of Technology</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Deep_Thunder" title="IBM Deep Thunder">Deep Thunder</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Develothon" title="Develothon">Develothon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Fellow" title="IBM Fellow">Fellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM%27s_The_Great_Mind_Challenge" title="IBM's The Great Mind Challenge">The Great Mind Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Technology_Center" title="Linux Technology Center">Linux Technology Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_SkillsBuild" title="IBM SkillsBuild">SkillsBuild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarter_Planet" title="Smarter Planet">Smarter Planet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Virtual_Universe_Community" title="IBM Virtual Universe Community">Virtual Universe Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Community_Grid" title="World Community Grid">World Community Grid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Think_conference" title="IBM Think conference">Think conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inventions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automated_teller_machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated teller machine">Automated teller machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynefin_framework" title="Cynefin framework">Cynefin framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_random-access_memory" title="Dynamic random-access memory">DRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keypunch" title="Keypunch">Electronic keypunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">Floppy disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive" title="Hard disk drive">Hard disk drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_stripe_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnetic stripe card">Magnetic stripe card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relational_model" title="Relational model">Relational model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabre_(travel_reservation_system)" title="Sabre (travel reservation system)">Sabre airline reservation system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope" title="Scanning tunneling microscope">Scanning tunneling microscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swap_(finance)" title="Swap (finance)">Financial swaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Product_Code" title="Universal Product Code">Universal Product Code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Blue" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Blue">Big Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Processing_Workload" title="Commercial Processing Workload">Commercial Processing Workload</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customer_engineer" title="Customer engineer">Customer engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globally_integrated_enterprise" title="Globally integrated enterprise">Globally integrated enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_business" title="Electronic business">e-business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Think_(slogan)" title="Think (slogan)">Think slogan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_IBM_CEOs" title="List of IBM CEOs">CEOs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson" title="Thomas J. Watson">Thomas J. Watson</a> (1914–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Jr." title="Thomas J. Watson Jr.">Thomas Watson Jr.</a> (1956–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Vincent_Learson" title="T. Vincent Learson">T. Vincent Learson</a> (1971–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_T._Cary" title="Frank T. Cary">Frank T. Cary</a> (1973–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Opel" title="John R. Opel">John R. Opel</a> (1981–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fellows_Akers" title="John Fellows Akers">John Fellows Akers</a> (1985–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Gerstner" title="Lou Gerstner">Louis V. Gerstner Jr.</a> (1993–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Palmisano" title="Samuel J. Palmisano">Samuel J. Palmisano</a> (2002–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginni_Rometty" title="Ginni Rometty">Ginni Rometty</a> (2012–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvind_Krishna" title="Arvind Krishna">Arvind Krishna</a> (since 2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board of<br />directors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Buberl" title="Thomas Buberl">Thomas Buberl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Farr_(businessman)" title="David Farr (businessman)">David Farr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Gorsky" title="Alex Gorsky">Alex Gorsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Howard" title="Michelle Howard">Michelle J. Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvind_Krishna" title="Arvind Krishna">Arvind Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Liveris" title="Andrew Liveris">Andrew Liveris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_E._Pollack" class="mw-redirect" title="Martha E. Pollack">Martha E. Pollack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Swedish" title="Joseph R. Swedish">Joseph R. Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Voser" title="Peter Voser">Peter R. Voser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">A Boy and His Atom</a></i></li> <li>Big Blue sports teams <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Big_Blue_(X-League)" title="IBM Big Blue (X-League)">American football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Big_Blue_(rugby_union)" title="IBM Big Blue (rugby union)">Rugby union</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Public_License" title="Common Public License">Common Public License</a>/<a href="/wiki/IBM_Public_License" title="IBM Public License">IBM Public License</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Wallace_v._International_Business_Machines_Corp." title="Wallace v. International Business Machines Corp.">Wallace v. International Business Machines Corp.</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Blue_(chess_computer)" title="Deep Blue (chess computer)">Deep Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Thought_(chess_computer)" title="Deep Thought (chess computer)">Deep Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_infrastructure" title="Dynamic infrastructure">Dynamic infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlobalFoundries" title="GlobalFoundries">GlobalFoundries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GUIDE_International" title="GUIDE International">GUIDE International</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IBM_and_the_Holocaust" title="IBM and the Holocaust">IBM and the Holocaust</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_international_chess_tournament" title="IBM international chess tournament">International chess tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucifer_(cipher)" title="Lucifer (cipher)">Lucifer cipher</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathematica:_A_World_of_Numbers..._and_Beyond" title="Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond">Mathematica</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_Plex" title="IBM Plex">IBM Plex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHARE_(computing)" title="SHARE (computing)">SHARE computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScicomP" title="ScicomP">ScicomP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM_and_unions" title="IBM and unions">Unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/IBM" class="extiw" title="commons:IBM">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:IBM" title="Category:IBM">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/20px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/40px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:IBM_navigational_boxes" title="Category:IBM navigational boxes">Navigational boxes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_FOSS" title="Template:IBM FOSS">FOSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_midrange_computers" title="Template:IBM midrange computers">Midrange computers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_operating_systems" title="Template:IBM operating systems">Operating systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_personal_computers" title="Template:IBM personal computers">Personal computers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_System/360_line" title="Template:IBM System/360 line">System/360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_System/370_line" title="Template:IBM System/370 line">System/370</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_typewriters" title="Template:IBM typewriters">Typewriters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IBM_vacuum_tube_computers" title="Template:IBM vacuum tube computers">Vacuum tube computers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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