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hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance"> <meta name="keywords" content="hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2021</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1991</span> Dissociation of Hydrophobic Interactions in Whey Protein Polymers: Molecular Characterization Using Dilute Solution Viscometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20S.%20Eissa">Ahmed S. Eissa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Whey represents about 85-95% of the milk volume and about 55% of milk nutrients. Whey proteins are of special importance in formulated foods due to their rich nutritional and functional benefits. Whey proteins form large polymers upon heating to a temperature greater than the denaturation temperature. Hydrophobic interactions play an important role in building whey protein polymers. In this study, dissociation of hydrophobic interactions of whey protein polymers was done by adding Sodium Dodecyl Sulphonate (SDS). At low SDS concentrations, protein polymers were dissociated to smaller chains, as revealed by dilution solution viscometry (DSV). Interestingly, at higher SDS concentrations, polymer molecules got larger in size. Intrinsic viscosity was increased to many folds when raising the SDS concentration from 0.5% to 2%. Complex molecular arrangement leads to the formation of larger macromolecules, due to micelle formation. The study opens a venue for manipulating and enhancing whey protein functional properties by manipulating the hydrophobic interactions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whey%20proteins" title="whey proteins">whey proteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobic%20interactions" title=" hydrophobic interactions"> hydrophobic interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDS" title=" SDS"> SDS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81422/dissociation-of-hydrophobic-interactions-in-whey-protein-polymers-molecular-characterization-using-dilute-solution-viscometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1990</span> Quaternary Ammonium Salts Based Algerian Petroleum Products: Synthesis and Characterization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houria%20Hamitouche">Houria Hamitouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellah%20Khelifa"> Abdellah Khelifa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quaternary ammonium salts (QACs) are the most common cationic surfactants of natural or synthetic origin usually. They possess one or more hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains and hydrophilic cationic group. In fact, the hydrophobic groups are derived from three main sources: petrochemicals, vegetable oils, and animal fats. These QACs have attracted the attention of chemists for a long time, due to their general simple synthesis and their broad application in several fields. They are important as ingredients of cosmetic products and are also used as corrosion inhibitors, in emulsion polymerization and textile processing. Within biological applications, QACs show a good antimicrobial activity and can be used as medicines, gene delivery agents or in DNA extraction methods. The 2004 worldwide annual consumption of QACs was reported as 500,000 tons. The petroleum product is considered a true reservoir of a variety of chemical species, which can be used in the synthesis of quaternary ammonium salts. The purpose of the present contribution is to synthesize the quaternary ammonium salts by Menschutkin reaction, via chloromethylation/quaternization sequences, from Algerian petroleum products namely: reformate, light naphtha and kerosene and characterize. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quaternary%20ammonium%20salts" title="quaternary ammonium salts">quaternary ammonium salts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reformate" title=" reformate"> reformate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20naphtha" title=" light naphtha"> light naphtha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kerosene" title=" kerosene "> kerosene </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32772/quaternary-ammonium-salts-based-algerian-petroleum-products-synthesis-and-characterization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1989</span> Developing the Methods for the Study of Static and Dynamic Balance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Abuzayan">K. Abuzayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Alabed"> H. Alabed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Ezarrugh"> J. Ezarrugh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Agila"> M. Agila</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Static and dynamic balance are essential in daily and sports life. Many factors have been identified as influencing static balance control. Therefore, the aim of this study was to apply the (XCoM) method and other relevant variables (CoP, CoM, Fh, KE, P, Q, and, AI) to investigate sport related activities such as hopping and jumping. Many studies have represented the CoP data without mentioning its accuracy, so several experiments were done to establish the agreement between the CoP and the projected CoM in a static condition. Five male healthy (Mean ± SD:- age 24.6 years ±4.5, height 177 cm ± 6.3, body mass 72.8 kg ± 6.6) participated in this study. Results found that The implementation of the XCoM method was found to be practical for evaluating both static and dynamic balance. The general findings were that the CoP, the CoM, the XCoM, Fh, and Q were more informative than the other variables (e.g. KE, P, and AI) during static and dynamic balance. The XCoM method was found to be applicable to dynamic balance as well as static balance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centre%20of%20mass" title="centre of mass">centre of mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20balance" title=" static balance"> static balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20balance" title=" dynamic balance"> dynamic balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrapolated%20centre%20of%20mass" title=" extrapolated centre of mass"> extrapolated centre of mass</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3232/developing-the-methods-for-the-study-of-static-and-dynamic-balance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1988</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Renewable Resource Based Green Epoxy Coating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukanya%20Pradhan">Sukanya Pradhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smita%20Mohanty"> Smita Mohanty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K%20Nayak"> S. K Nayak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plant oils are a great renewable source for being a reliable starting material to access new products with a wide spectrum of structural and functional variations. Even though petroleum products might also render the same, but it would also impose a high risk factor of environmental and health hazard. Since epoxidized vegetable oils are easily available, eco-compatible, non-toxic and renewable, hence these have drawn much of the attentions in the polymer industrial sector especially for the development of eco-friendly coating materials. In this study a waterborne epoxy coating was prepared from epoxidized soyabean oil by using triethanolamine. Because of its hydrophobic nature, it was a tough and tedius task to make it hydrophilic. The hydrophobic biobased epoxy was modified into waterborne epoxy by the help of a plant based anhydride as curing agent. Physico-mechanical, chemical resistance tests and thermal analysis of the green coating material were carried out which showed good physic-mechanical, chemical resistance properties as well as environment friendly. The complete characterization of the final material was done in terms of scratch hardness, gloss test, impact resistance, adhesion and bend test. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxidized%20soybean%20oil" title="epoxidized soybean oil">epoxidized soybean oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterborne" title=" waterborne"> waterborne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing%20agent" title=" curing agent"> curing agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20coating" title=" green coating"> green coating</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22086/synthesis-and-characterization-of-renewable-resource-based-green-epoxy-coating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">541</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1987</span> Study of the Formation Mechanism of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Liposomes and Calcium Ion Complexes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Mdzinarashvili">T. Mdzinarashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khvedelidze"> M. Khvedelidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Shekiladze"> E. Shekiladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chinchaladze"> S. Chinchaladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mdzinarashvili"> M. Mdzinarashvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of the possible interaction between calcium ions and lipids is of great importance for the studies of complexes of calcium drug-carrying nanoparticles. We prepared calcium-containing complex liposomes from Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipids and studied their thermodynamic properties. In calorimetric studies, we determined that the phase transition temperature of these complexes is close to 420 C. It was shown that both hydrophobic and hydrophilic connections take part in the formation of calcium nanoparticles. We were interested in hydrophilic bonds represented by hydrogen bonds. We have shown that these hydrogen bonds are formed between the phospholipid heads, and the main contributor is the oxygen atoms in the phosphoric acid residues. In addition, based on the amount of heat absorbed during the breaking of hydrogen bonds formed between calcium-containing nanoparticle complexes, it can be concluded that the hydrogen atoms in the head of DPPC lipids form hydrogen bonds between P=O and P-O groups of phosphate. The energy of heat absorption measured by the calorimeter is of the order obtained by breaking the hydrogen bonds we have specified. Thus, we conclude that our approach to the model of liposome formation from lipids is correct. As for calcium atoms - due to the fact that it is present in the form of positive ions in the liposome, they will connect only with negatively charged phosphorus ions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DPPC" title="DPPC">DPPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liposomes" title=" liposomes"> liposomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcium" title=" calcium"> calcium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20nanoparticles" title=" complex nanoparticles"> complex nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154573/study-of-the-formation-mechanism-of-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-liposomes-and-calcium-ion-complexes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1986</span> Impact of Electric Field on the Optical Properties of Hydrophilic Quantum Dots</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valentina%20V.%20Goftman">Valentina V. Goftman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladislav%20A.%20Pankratov"> Vladislav A. Pankratov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexey%20V.%20Markin"> Alexey V. Markin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tangi%20Aubert"> Tangi Aubert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeger%20Hens"> Zeger Hens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20De%20Saeger"> Sarah De Saeger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Yu.%20Goryacheva"> Irina Yu. Goryacheva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most important requirements for biochemical applicability of quantum dots (QDs) are: 1) the surface cap should render intact or improved optical properties; 2) mono-dispersion and good stability in aqueous phase in a wide range of pH and ionic strength values; 3) presence of functional groups, available for bioconjugation; 4) minimal impact from the environment on the QDs’ properties and, vice versa, minimal influence of the QDs’ components on the environment; and 5) stability against chemical/biochemical/physical influence. The latter is especially important for in vitro and in vivo applications. For example, some physical intracellular delivery strategies (e.g., electroporation) imply a rapid high-voltage electric field impulse in order to temporarily generate hydrophilic pores in the cell plasma membrane, necessary for the passive transportation of QDs into the cell. In this regard, it is interesting to investigate how different capping layers, which can provide high stability and sufficient fluorescent properties of QDs in a water solution, behave under these abnormal conditions. In this contribution, hydrophobic core-shell CdSe/CdS/CdZnS/ZnS QDs (λem=600 nm), produced by means of the Successive Ion Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) technique, were transferred to a water solution using two of the most commonly used methods: (i) encapsulation in an amphiphilic brush polymer based on poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene) (PMAO) modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains and (ii) silica covering. Polymer encapsulation preserves the initial ligands on the QDs’ surface owing to the hydrophobic attraction between the hydrophobic groups of the amphiphilic molecules and the surface hydrophobic groups of the QDs. This covering process allows maintaining the initial fluorescent properties, but it leads to a considerable increase of the QDs’ size. However, covering with a silica shell, by means of the reverse microemulsion method, allows maintaining both size and fluorescent properties of the initial QDs. The obtained water solutions of polymer covered and silica-coated QDs in three different concentrations were exposed to a low-voltage electric field for a short time and the fluorescent properties were investigated. It is shown that the PMAO-PEG polymer acquires some additional charges in the presence of the electric field, which causes repulsion between the polymer and the QDs’ surface. This process destroys the homogeneity of the whole amphiphilic shell and it dramatically decreases the fluorescent properties (dropping to 10% from its initial value) because of the direct contact of the QDs with the strongly oxidative environment (water). In contrast, a silica shell possesses dielectric properties which allow retaining 90% of its initial fluorescence intensity, even after a longer electric impact. Thus, silica shells are clearly a preferable covering for bio-application of QDs, because – besides the high uniform morphology, controlled size and biocompatibility – it allows protecting QDs from oxidation, even under the influence of an electric field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20field" title="electric field">electric field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20coating" title=" polymer coating"> polymer coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20dots" title=" quantum dots"> quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica%20covering" title=" silica covering"> silica covering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability "> stability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32793/impact-of-electric-field-on-the-optical-properties-of-hydrophilic-quantum-dots" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1985</span> Desalination Performance of a Passive Solar-Driven Membrane Distiller: Effect of Middle Layer Material and Thickness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glebert%20C.%20Dadol">Glebert C. Dadol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pamela%20Mae%20L.%20Ucab"> Pamela Mae L. Ucab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camila%20Flor%20Y.%20Lobarbio"> Camila Flor Y. Lobarbio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noel%20Peter%20B.%20Tan"> Noel Peter B. Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water scarcity is a global problem and membrane-based desalination technologies are one of the promising solutions to this problem. In this study, a passive solar-driven membrane distiller was fabricated and tested for its desalination performance. The distiller was composed of a TiNOX plate solar absorber, cellulose-based upper and lower hydrophilic layers, a hydrophobic middle layer, and aluminum heatsinks. The effect of the middle layer material and thickness on the desalination performance was investigated in terms of distillate productivity and salinity. The materials used for the middle layer were a screen mesh (2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm thickness) to generate an air gap, a PTFE membrane (0.3 mm thickness)), and a combination of the screen mesh and the PTFE membrane (2.3 mm total thickness). Salt water (35 g/L NaCl) was desalinated using the distiller at a rooftop setting at the University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines. The highest distillate productivity of 1.08 L/m2-h was achieved using a 2-mm screen mesh (air gap) but it also resulted in a high distillate salinity of 25.20 g/L. Increasing the thickness of the air gap lowered the distillate salinity but also decreased the distillate productivity. The lowest salinity of 1.07 g/L was achieved using a 6-mm air gap but the productivity was reduced to 0.08 L/m2-h. The use of the hydrophobic PTFE membrane increased the productivity (0.44 L/m2-h) compared to a 6-mm air gap but produced a distillate with high salinity (16.68 g/L). When using a combination of the screen mesh and the PTFE membrane, the productivity was 0.13 L/m2-h and a distillate salinity of 1.61 g/L. The distiller with a thick air gap as the middle layer can deliver a distillate with low salinity and is preferred over a thin hydrophobic PTFE membrane. The use of a combination of the air gap and PTFE membrane slightly increased the productivity with comparable distillate salinity. Modifications and optimizations to the distiller can be done to improve further its performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desalination" title="desalination">desalination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20distillation" title=" membrane distillation"> membrane distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20solar-driven%20membrane%20distiller" title=" passive solar-driven membrane distiller"> passive solar-driven membrane distiller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20distillation" title=" solar distillation"> solar distillation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154079/desalination-performance-of-a-passive-solar-driven-membrane-distiller-effect-of-middle-layer-material-and-thickness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1984</span> Multiphase Coexistence for Aqueous System with Hydrophilic Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20B.%20Hong">G. B. Hong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium (LLE) data are measured for the ternary mixtures of water + 1-butanol + butyl acetate and quaternary mixtures of water + 1-butanol + butyl acetate + glycerol at atmospheric pressure at 313.15 K. In addition, isothermal Vapor–Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium (VLLE) data are determined experimentally at 333.15 K. The region of heterogeneity is found to increase as the hydrophilic agent (glycerol) is introduced into the aqueous mixtures. The experimental data are correlated with the NRTL model. The predicted results from the solution model with the model parameters determined from the constituent binaries are also compared with the experimental values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LLE" title="LLE">LLE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VLLE" title=" VLLE"> VLLE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophilic%20agent" title=" hydrophilic agent"> hydrophilic agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NRTL" title=" NRTL"> NRTL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3968/multiphase-coexistence-for-aqueous-system-with-hydrophilic-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1983</span> Studies on Corrosion Resistant Composite Coating for Metallic Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navneetinder%20Singh">Navneetinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harprabhjot%20Singh"> Harprabhjot Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harpreet%20Singh"> Harpreet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supreet%20Singh"> Supreet Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many materials are known to mankind that is widely used for synthesis of corrosion resistant hydrophobic coatings. In the current work, novel hydrophobic composite was synthesized by mixing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and 20 weight% ceria particles followed by sintering. This composite had same hydrophobic behavior as PTFE. Moreover, composite showed better scratch resistance than virgin PTFE. Pits of plasma sprayed Ni₃Al coating were exploited to hold PTFE composite on the substrate as Superni-75 alloy surface through sintering process. Plasma sprayed surface showed good adhesion with the composite coating during scratch test. Potentiodynamic corrosion test showed 100 fold decreases in corrosion rate of coated sample this may be attributed to inert and hydrophobic nature of PTFE and ceria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polytetrafluoroethylene" title="polytetrafluoroethylene">polytetrafluoroethylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTFE" title=" PTFE"> PTFE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceria" title=" ceria"> ceria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating" title=" coating"> coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94265/studies-on-corrosion-resistant-composite-coating-for-metallic-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1982</span> Atomistic Insight into the System of Trapped Oil Droplet/ Nanofluid System in Nanochannels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanhao%20Chang">Yuanhao Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Senbo%20Xiao"> Senbo Xiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiliang%20Zhang"> Zhiliang Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianying%20He"> Jianying He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The role of nanoparticles (NPs) in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is being increasingly emphasized. In this study, the motion of NPs and local stress distribution of tapped oil droplet/nanofluid in nanochannels are studied with coarse-grained modeling and molecular dynamic simulations. The results illustrate three motion patterns for NPs: hydrophilic NPs are more likely to adsorb on the channel and stay near the three-phase contact areas, hydrophobic NPs move inside the oil droplet as clusters and more mixed NPs are trapped at the oil-water interface. NPs in each pattern affect the flow of fluid and the interfacial thickness to various degrees. Based on the calculation of atomistic stress, the characteristic that the higher value of stress occurs at the place where NPs aggregate can be obtained. Different occurrence patterns correspond to specific local stress distribution. Significantly, in the three-phase contact area for hydrophilic NPs, the local stress distribution close to the pattern of structural disjoining pressure is observed, which proves the existence of structural disjoining pressure in molecular dynamics simulation for the first time. Our results guide the design and screen of NPs for EOR and provide a basic understanding of nanofluid applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20stress%20distribution" title="local stress distribution">local stress distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20oil%20recovery" title=" enhanced oil recovery"> enhanced oil recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title=" molecular dynamics simulation"> molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trapped%20oil%20droplet" title=" trapped oil droplet"> trapped oil droplet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20disjoining%20pressure" title=" structural disjoining pressure"> structural disjoining pressure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129560/atomistic-insight-into-the-system-of-trapped-oil-droplet-nanofluid-system-in-nanochannels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1981</span> Effect of Silver Nanoparticles in Temperature Polarization of Distillation Membranes for Desalination Technologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lopez%20J.">Lopez J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrvar%20M."> Mehrvar M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quinones%20E."> Quinones E.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suarez%20A."> Suarez A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romero%20C."> Romero C.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Membrane Distillation is an emerging technology that uses thermal and membrane steps for the desalination process to get drinking water. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were deposited by dip-coating process over Polyvinylidene Fluoride, Fiberglass hydrophilic, and Polytetrafluoroethylene hydrophobic commercial membranes as substrate. Membranes were characterized and used in a Vacuum Membrane Distillation cell under Ultraviolet light with sea salt feed solution. The presence of AgNP increases the absorption of energy on the membrane, which improves the transmembrane flux. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title="silver nanoparticles">silver nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20distillation" title=" membrane distillation"> membrane distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desalination%20technologies" title=" desalination technologies"> desalination technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20deliver" title=" heat deliver"> heat deliver</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148598/effect-of-silver-nanoparticles-in-temperature-polarization-of-distillation-membranes-for-desalination-technologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1980</span> Novel Pyrimidine Based Semicarbazones: Confirmation of Four Binding Site Pharmacophoric Model Hypothesis for Antiepileptic Activity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harish%20Rajak">Harish Rajak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swati%20Singh"> Swati Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A series of novel pyrimidine based semicarbazone were designed and synthesized on the basis of semicarbazone based pharmacophoric model to satisfy the structural prerequisite crucial for antiepileptic activity. The semicarbazones based pharmacophoric model consists of following four essential binding sites: (i) An aryl hydrophobic binding site with halo substituent; (ii) A hydrogen bonding domain; (iii) An electron donor group and (iv) Another hydrophobic-hydrophilic site controlling the pharmacokinetic features of the anticonvulsant. The aryl semicarbazones has been recognized as a structurally novel class of compounds with remarkable anticonvulsant activity. In the present study, all the test semicarbazones were subjected to molecular docking using Glide v5.8. Some of the compounds were found to interact with ARG192, GLU270 and THR353 residues of 1OHV protein, present in GABA-AT receptor. The chemical structures of the synthesized molecules were characterized by elemental and spectral (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS) analysis. The anticonvulsant activities of the compounds were investigated using maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetrtrazole (scPTZ) models. The neurotoxicity was evaluated in mice by the rotorod test. The attempts were also made to establish structure-activity relationships among synthesized compounds. The results of the present study confirmed that the pharmacophore model with four binding sites is essential for antiepileptic activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrimidine" title="pyrimidine">pyrimidine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semicarbazones" title=" semicarbazones"> semicarbazones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticonvulsant%20activity" title=" anticonvulsant activity"> anticonvulsant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurotoxicity" title=" neurotoxicity"> neurotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40733/novel-pyrimidine-based-semicarbazones-confirmation-of-four-binding-site-pharmacophoric-model-hypothesis-for-antiepileptic-activity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1979</span> Nano-Structured Hydrophobic Silica Membrane for Gas Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Shah">Sajid Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshimitsu%20Uemura"> Yoshimitsu Uemura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katsuki%20Kusakabe"> Katsuki Kusakabe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sol-gel derived hydrophobic silica membranes with pore sizes less than 1 nm are quite attractive for gas separation in a wide range of temperatures. A nano-structured hydrophobic membrane was prepared by sol-gel technique on a porous α–Al₂O₃ tubular support with yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as an intermediate layer. Bistriethoxysilylethane (BTESE) derived sol was modified by adding phenyltriethoxysilylethane (PhTES) as an organic template. Six times dip coated modified silica membrane having a thickness of about 782 nm was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis, together along contact angle and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, showed that hydrophobic properties were improved by increasing the PhTES content. The contact angle of water droplet increased from 37° for pure to 111.5° for the modified membrane. The permeance of single gas H₂ was higher than H₂:CO₂ ratio of 75:25 binary feed mixtures. However, the permeance of H₂ for 60:40 H₂:CO₂ was found lower than single and binary mixture 75:25 H₂:CO₂. The binary selectivity values for 75:25 H₂:CO₂ were 24.75, 44, and 57, respectively. Selectivity had an inverse relation with PhTES content. Hydrophobicity properties were improved by increasing PhTES content in the silica matrix. The system exhibits proper three layers adhesion or integration, and smoothness. Membrane system suitable in steam environment and high-temperature separation. It was concluded that the hydrophobic silica membrane is highly promising for the separation of H₂/CO₂ mixture from various H₂-containing process streams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20separation" title="gas separation">gas separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobic%20properties" title=" hydrophobic properties"> hydrophobic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica%20membrane" title=" silica membrane"> silica membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol%E2%80%93gel%20method" title=" sol–gel method"> sol–gel method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109807/nano-structured-hydrophobic-silica-membrane-for-gas-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109807.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1978</span> Synthesis and Characterization of PVDF, FG, PTFE, and PES Membrane Distillation Modified with Silver Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lopez%20J.">Lopez J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrvar%20M."> Mehrvar M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quinones%20E."> Quinones E.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suarez%20A."> Suarez A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RomeroC."> RomeroC.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Silver Nanoparticles (AgNP) are used as deliver of heat on surface of Membrane Distillation in order to fight against Thermal Polarization and improving the Desalination Process. In this study AgNPwere deposited by dip coating process over PVDF, FG hydrophilic, and PTFE hydrophobic commercial membranes as substrate. Membranes were characterized by SEM, EDS, contact angle, Pore size distributionand using a UV lamp and a thermal camera were measured the performance of heat deliver. The presence of AgNP 50 – 150 nm and the increase in absorption of energy over membrane were verified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title="silver nanoparticles">silver nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20distillation" title=" membrane distillation"> membrane distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmon%20effect" title=" plasmon effect"> plasmon effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20deliver" title=" heat deliver"> heat deliver</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148183/synthesis-and-characterization-of-pvdf-fg-ptfe-and-pes-membrane-distillation-modified-with-silver-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1977</span> The Effect of Static Balance Enhance by Table Tennis Training Intervening on Deaf Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Chun%20Chang">Yi-Chun Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching-Ting%20Hsu"> Ching-Ting Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Hua%20Ho"> Wei-Hua Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yueh-Tung%20Kuo"> Yueh-Tung Kuo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Children with hearing impairment have deficits of balance and motors. Although most of parents teach deaf children communication skills in early life, but rarely teach the deficits of balance. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether static balance improved after table tennis training. Table tennis training was provided four times a week for eight weeks to two 12-year-old deaf children. The table tennis training included crossover footwork, sideway attack, backhand block-sideways-flutter forehand attack, and one-on-one tight training. Data were gathered weekly and statistical comparisons were made with a paired t-test. We observed that the dominant leg is better than the non-dominant leg in static balance and girl balance ability is better than boy. The final result shows that table tennis training significantly improves the deaf children’s static balance performance. It indicates that table tennis training on deaf children helps the static balance ability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deaf%20children" title="deaf children">deaf children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20balance" title=" static balance"> static balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=table%20tennis" title=" table tennis"> table tennis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vestibular%20structure" title=" vestibular structure"> vestibular structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45989/the-effect-of-static-balance-enhance-by-table-tennis-training-intervening-on-deaf-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1976</span> Sheathed Cotton Fibers: Material for Oil-Spill Cleanup</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamin%20M%20Dauda">Benjamin M Dauda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Ibrahim"> Esther Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Gadimoh"> Sylvester Gadimoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asabe%20Mustapha"> Asabe Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiyah%20Mohammed"> Jiyah Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite diverse optimization techniques on natural hydrophilic fibers, hydrophobic synthetic fibers are still the best oil sorption materials. However, these hydrophobic fibers are not biodegradable, making their disposal problematic. To this end, this work sets out to develop Nonwoven sorbents from epoxy-coated Cotton fibers. As a way of improving the compatibility of the crude oil and reduction of moisture absorption, cotton fibers were coated with epoxy resin by immersion in acetone-thinned epoxy solution. A needle-punching machine was used to convert the fibers into coherent nonwoven sheets. An oil sorption experiment was then carried out. The result indicates that the developed epoxy-modified sorbent has a higher crude oil-sorption capacity compared with those of untreated cotton and commercial polypropylene sorbents. Absorption Curves show that the coated fiber and polypropylene sorbent saturated faster than the uncoated cotton fiber pad. The result also shows that the coated cotton sorbent adsorbed crude faster than the polypropylene sorbent, and the equilibrium exhaustion was also higher. After a simple mechanical squeezing process, the Nonwoven pads could be restored to their original form and repeatedly recycled for oil/water separation. The results indicate that the cotton-coated non-woven pads hold promise for the cleanup of oil spills. Our data suggests that the sorption behaviors of the epoxy-coated Nonwoven pads and their crude oil sorption capacity are relatively stable under various environmental conditions compared to the commercial sheet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20spill" title="oil spill">oil spill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title=" cotton"> cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy" title=" epoxy"> epoxy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonwoven" title=" nonwoven"> nonwoven</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183396/sheathed-cotton-fibers-material-for-oil-spill-cleanup" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1975</span> Using Inertial Measurement Unit to Evaluate the Balance Ability of Hikers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Po-Chen%20Chen">Po-Chen Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsung-Han%20Yang"> Tsung-Han Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhi-Wei%20Zheng"> Zhi-Wei Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shih-Tsang%20Tang"> Shih-Tsang Tang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Falls are the most common accidents during mountain hiking, especially in high-altitude environments with unstable terrain or adverse weather. Balance ability is a crucial factor in hiking, effectively ensuring hiking safety and reducing the risk of injuries. If balance ability can be assessed simply and effectively, hikers can identify their weaknesses and conduct targeted training to improve their balance ability, thereby reducing injury risks. With the widespread use of smartphones and their built-in inertial sensors, this project aims to develop a simple Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) balance measurement technique based on smartphones. This will provide hikers with an easy-to-use, low-cost tool for assessing balance ability, monitoring training effects in real-time, and continuously tracking balance ability through uploading cloud data uploads, facilitating personal athletic performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance" title="balance">balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMU" title=" IMU"> IMU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphone" title=" smartphone"> smartphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wearable%20devices" title=" wearable devices"> wearable devices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188349/using-inertial-measurement-unit-to-evaluate-the-balance-ability-of-hikers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1974</span> Influence of Hydrophobic Surface on Flow Past Square Cylinder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ajith%20Kumar">S. Ajith Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vaisakh%20S.%20Rajan"> Vaisakh S. Rajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In external flows, vortex shedding behind the bluff bodies causes to experience unsteady loads on a large number of engineering structures, resulting in structural failure. Vortex shedding can even turn out to be disastrous like the Tacoma Bridge failure incident. We need to have control over vortex shedding to get rid of this untoward condition by reducing the unsteady forces acting on the bluff body. In circular cylinders, hydrophobic surface in an otherwise no-slip surface is found to be delaying separation and minimizes the effects of vortex shedding drastically. Flow over square cylinder stands different from this behavior as separation can takes place from either of the two corner separation points (front or rear). An attempt is made in this study to numerically elucidate the effect of hydrophobic surface in flow over a square cylinder. A 2D numerical simulation has been done to understand the effects of the slip surface on the flow past square cylinder. The details of the numerical algorithm will be presented at the time of the conference. A non-dimensional parameter, Knudsen number is defined to quantify the slip on the cylinder surface based on Maxwell’s equation. The slip surface condition of the wall affects the vorticity distribution around the cylinder and the flow separation. In the numerical analysis, we observed that the hydrophobic surface enhances the shedding frequency and damps down the amplitude of oscillations of the square cylinder. We also found that the slip has a negative effect on aerodynamic force coefficients such as the coefficient of lift (CL), coefficient of drag (CD) etc. and hence replacing the no slip surface by a hydrophobic surface can be treated as an effective drag reduction strategy and the introduction of hydrophobic surface could be utilized for reducing the vortex induced vibrations (VIV) and is found as an effective method in controlling VIV thereby controlling the structural failures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drag%20reduction" title="drag reduction">drag reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20past%20square%20cylinder" title=" flow past square cylinder"> flow past square cylinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20control" title=" flow control"> flow control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobic%20surfaces" title=" hydrophobic surfaces"> hydrophobic surfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20shedding" title=" vortex shedding "> vortex shedding </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27450/influence-of-hydrophobic-surface-on-flow-past-square-cylinder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1973</span> Organic Co-Polymer Monolithic Columns for Liquid Chromatography Mixed Mode Protein Separations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Alkarimi">Ahmed Alkarimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Welham"> Kevin Welham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organic mixed mode monolithic columns were fabricated from; glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate-co-stearyl methacrylate, using glycidyl methacrylate and stearyl methacrylate as co monomers representing 30% and 70% respectively of the liquid volume with ethylene dimethacrylate crosslinker and 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone as the free radical initiator. The monomers were mixed with a binary porogenic solvent, comprising propan-1-ol, and methanol (0.825 mL each). The monolith was formed by photo polymerization (365 nm) inside a borosilicate glass tube (1.5 mm ID and 3 mm OD x 50 mm length). The monolith was observed to have formed correctly by optical examination and generated reasonable backpressure, approximately 650 psi at a flow rate of 0.2 mL min⁻¹ 50:50 acetonitrile: water. The morphological properties of the monolithic columns were investigated using scanning electron microscopy images, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, the results showed that the monolith was formed properly with 19.98 ± 0.01 mm² surface area, 0.0205 ± 0.01 cm³ g⁻¹ pore volume and 6.93 ± 0.01 nm average pore size. The polymer monolith formed was further investigated using proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The monolithic columns were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography to test their ability to separate different samples with a range of properties. The columns displayed both hydrophobic/hydrophilic and hydrophobic/ion exchange interactions with the compounds tested indicating that true mixed mode separations. The mixed mode monolithic columns exhibited significant separation of proteins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LC%20separation" title="LC separation">LC separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proteins%20separation" title=" proteins separation"> proteins separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monolithic%20column" title=" monolithic column"> monolithic column</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20mode" title=" mixed mode"> mixed mode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76321/organic-co-polymer-monolithic-columns-for-liquid-chromatography-mixed-mode-protein-separations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76321.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1972</span> Carboxymethyl Cellulose Coating onto Polypropylene Film Using Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment as Food Packaging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Honarvar">Z. Honarvar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Farhoodi"> M. Farhoodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Khani"> M. R. Khani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Shojaee-Aliabadi"> S. Shojaee-Aliabadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, edible films and coating have attracted much attention in food industry due to their environmentally friendly nature and safety in direct contact with food. However edible films have relatively weak mechanical properties and high water vapor permeability. Therefore, the aim of the study was to develop bilayer carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) coated polypropylene (PP) films to increase mechanical properties and water vapor resistance of each pure CMC or PP films. To modify the surface properties of PE for better attachment of CMC coating layer to PP the atmospheric cold plasma treatment was used. Then the PP surface changes were evaluated by contact angle, AFM, and ATR-FTIR. Furthermore, the physical, mechanical, optical and microstructure characteristics of plasma-treated and untreated films were analyzed. ATR-FTIR results showed that plasma treatment created oxygen-containing groups on PP surface leading to an increase in hydrophilic properties of PP surface. Moreover, a decrease in water contact angle (from 88.92° to 52.15°) and an increase of roughness were observed on PP film surface indicating good adhesion between hydrophilic CMC and hydrophobic PP. Furthermore, plasma pre-treatment improved the tensile strength of CMC coated-PP films from 58.19 to 61.82. Water vapor permeability of plasma treated bilayer film was lower in comparison with untreated film. Therefore, cold plasma treatment has potential to improve attachment of CMC coating to PP layer, leading to enhanced water barrier and mechanical properties of CMC coated polypropylene as food packaging in which also CMC is in contact with food. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carboxymethyl%20cellulose%20film" title="carboxymethyl cellulose film">carboxymethyl cellulose film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20plasma" title=" cold plasma"> cold plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polypropylene" title=" Polypropylene"> Polypropylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20properties" title=" surface properties"> surface properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74884/carboxymethyl-cellulose-coating-onto-polypropylene-film-using-cold-atmospheric-plasma-treatment-as-food-packaging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1971</span> Controlling the Release of Cyt C and L- Dopa from pNIPAM-AAc Nanogel Based Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulalit%20Bandyopadhyay">Sulalit Bandyopadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Awais%20Ashfaq%20Alvi"> Muhammad Awais Ashfaq Alvi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anuvansh%20Sharma"> Anuvansh Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilhelm%20R.%20Glomm"> Wilhelm R. Glomm</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Release of drugs from nanogels and nanogel-based systems can occur under the influence of external stimuli like temperature, pH, magnetic fields and so on. pNIPAm-AAc nanogels respond to the combined action of both temperature and pH, the former being mostly determined by hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic transitions above the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT), while the latter is controlled by the degree of protonation of the carboxylic acid groups. These nanogels based systems are promising candidates in the field of drug delivery. Combining nanogels with magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) introduce imaging and targeting modalities along with stimuli-response in one hybrid system, thereby incorporating multifunctionality. Fe@Au core-shell NPs possess optical signature in the visible spectrum owing to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the Au shell, and superparamagnetic properties stemming from the Fe core. Although there exist several synthesis methods to control the size and physico-chemical properties of pNIPAm-AAc nanogels, yet, there is no comprehensive study that highlights the dependence of incorporation of one or more layers of NPs to these nanogels. In addition, effective determination of volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of the nanogels is a challenge which complicates their uses in biological applications. Here, we have modified the swelling-collapse properties of pNIPAm-AAc nanogels, by combining with Fe@Au NPs using different solution based methods. The hydrophilic-hydrophobic transition of the nanogels above the VPTT has been confirmed to be reversible. Further, an analytical method has been developed to deduce the average VPTT which is found to be 37.3°C for the nanogels and 39.3°C for nanogel coated Fe@Au NPs. An opposite swelling –collapse behaviour is observed for the latter where the Fe@Au NPs act as bridge molecules pulling together the gelling units. Thereafter, Cyt C, a model protein drug and L-Dopa, a drug used in the clinical treatment of Parkinson’s disease were loaded separately into the nanogels and nanogel coated Fe@Au NPs, using a modified breathing-in mechanism. This gave high loading and encapsulation efficiencies (L Dopa: ~9% and 70µg/mg of nanogels, Cyt C: ~30% and 10µg/mg of nanogels respectively for both the drugs. The release kinetics of L-Dopa, monitored using UV-vis spectrophotometry was observed to be rather slow (over several hours) with highest release happening under a combination of high temperature (above VPTT) and acidic conditions. However, the release of L-Dopa from nanogel coated Fe@Au NPs was the fastest, accounting for release of almost 87% of the initially loaded drug in ~30 hours. The chemical structure of the drug, drug incorporation method, location of the drug and presence of Fe@Au NPs largely alter the drug release mechanism and the kinetics of these nanogels and Fe@Au NPs coated with nanogels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controlled%20release" title="controlled release">controlled release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanogels" title=" nanogels"> nanogels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20phase%20transition%20temperature" title=" volume phase transition temperature"> volume phase transition temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=l-dopa" title=" l-dopa"> l-dopa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41229/controlling-the-release-of-cyt-c-and-l-dopa-from-pnipam-aac-nanogel-based-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1970</span> Separation of Water/Organic Mixtures Using Micro- and Nanostructured Membranes of Special Type of Wettability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20R.%20Sultanov%20Ch.%20Daulbayev">F. R. Sultanov Ch. Daulbayev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bakbolat"> B. Bakbolat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20A.%20Mansurov"> Z. A. Mansurov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Zhurintaeva"> A. A. Zhurintaeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20I.%20Gadilshina"> R. I. Gadilshina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Dugali"> A. B. Dugali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Both hydrophilic-oleophobic and hydrophobic-oleophilic membranes were obtained by coating of the substrate of membranes, presented by stainless steel meshes with various dimensions of their openings, with a composition that forms the special type of their surface wettability via spray-coating method. The surface morphology of resulting membranes was studied using SEM, the type of their wettability was identified by measuring the contact angle between the surface of membrane and a drop of studied liquid (water or organic liquid) and efficiency of continuous separation of water and organic liquid was studied on self-assembled setup. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane" title="membrane">membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel%20mesh" title=" stainless steel mesh"> stainless steel mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oleophobicity" title=" oleophobicity"> oleophobicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobicity" title=" hydrophobicity"> hydrophobicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20liquids" title=" organic liquids "> organic liquids </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115038/separation-of-waterorganic-mixtures-using-micro-and-nanostructured-membranes-of-special-type-of-wettability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1969</span> Investigation into the Effectiveness of Bacillus Mucilaginosus in Liberation of Platinum Group Metals Locked in Silicates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nokubonga%20G.%20Zulu">Nokubonga G. Zulu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bongephiwe%20M.%20Thethwayo"> Bongephiwe M. Thethwayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mapilane%20S.%20Madiba"> Mapilane S. Madiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20A.%20Olubambi"> Peter A. Olubambi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In South Africa, PGMs’ metallurgy industry is now leaned on the Upper Group 2 (UG2) reef for the beneficiation of 4PGEs (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, and Ruthenium). The current effective beneficiation method is direct froth flotation which uses the hydrophobicity of liberated valuables minerals to carefully float them while hydrophilic gangue minerals report to the residue. PGMs are known to be associated with base metal sulphides which are hydrophobic; however, approximately 25% of PGMs from UG2 are associated with hydrophilic silicates, which results in high PGMs grade in the flotation residue. Further, the smallest size in which UG2 PGMs occur is approximately 9 microns which demands high grinding for liberation, imposing energy and cost implications. The use of Bacillus mucilaginosus to liberate PGMs using Bio-leaching of PGMs bearing Silicates is a promising cost-effective, energy-saving, and green solution to liberate PGMs locked in silicates. This is due to the ability of Bacillus mucilaginosus to generate extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) that are responsible for the leaching of silicate minerals. The bioleaching is done at a laboratory beaker using a cultivated Bacillus mucilaginosus as a lixiviant. The bioleaching residue is expected to have a reduced particle size due to silicate consumption, which reduces the need and cost associated with a secondary milling circuit. Moreover, the grade of the bioleaching product is increased since the silicates (gangue minerals) are consumed by Bacillus mucilaginosus; this serves as a pre-concentration step. This paper discusses an alternative liberation and pre-concentrating technique of PGMs that are associated with silicates using Bacillus mucilaginosus leaching to dissolve silicates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus%20mucilaginosus" title="Bacillus mucilaginosus">Bacillus mucilaginosus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-leaching%20of%20PGMs%20bearing%20silicates" title=" bio-leaching of PGMs bearing silicates"> bio-leaching of PGMs bearing silicates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liberation%20of%20PGMs" title=" liberation of PGMs"> liberation of PGMs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-concentration%20of%20PGMs" title=" pre-concentration of PGMs"> pre-concentration of PGMs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160943/investigation-into-the-effectiveness-of-bacillus-mucilaginosus-in-liberation-of-platinum-group-metals-locked-in-silicates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1968</span> Highly Transparent, Hydrophobic and Self-Cleaning ZnO-Durazane Based Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Coatings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abderrahmane%20Hamdi">Abderrahmane Hamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julie%20Chalon"> Julie Chalon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benoit%20Dodin"> Benoit Dodin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippe%20Champagne"> Philippe Champagne</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this report, we present a simple route to realize robust, hydrophobic, and highly transparent coatings using organic polysilazane (durazane) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO). These coatings were deposited by spraying the mixture solution on glass slides. Thus, the properties of the films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV–vis-NIR spectrophotometer, and water contact angle method. This sprayable polymer mixed with ZnO nanoparticles shows high transparency for visible light > 90%, a hydrophobic character (CA > 90°), and good mechanical and chemical stability. The coating also demonstrates excellent self-cleaning properties, which makes it a promising candidate for commercial use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coatings" title="coatings">coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobicity" title=" hydrophobicity"> hydrophobicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20polysilazane" title=" organic polysilazane"> organic polysilazane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-cleaning" title=" self-cleaning"> self-cleaning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transparence" title=" transparence"> transparence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxide%20nanoparticles" title=" zinc oxide nanoparticles"> zinc oxide nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124131/highly-transparent-hydrophobic-and-self-cleaning-zno-durazane-based-hybrid-organic-inorganic-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124131.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1967</span> Preparation of Ceramic Hollow Fiber Membranes for CO2 Capture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai-Wei%20Huang">Kai-Wei Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Feng%20Lin"> Yi-Feng Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to have chemical resistance, high heat resistance and mechanical strength of ceramic hollow fiber membrane into a membrane contactor, and the combustion process is applied (Post-combustion capture) of the carbon dioxide absorption device. In this paper, we would investigate the effect of the ceramic membrane hydrophobicity to the flux of the carbon dioxide adsorption. To improve the applicability of the ceramic film. We use the dry-wet spinning method with the high temperature sintering process for preparing a ceramic hollow fiber membranes to increase the filling density per unit volume of the membrane. The PESf/Al2O3 ratio of 1:5 was prepared ceramic hollow fibers membrane precursors and investigate the relationship of the different sintering temperature to the membrane pore size and porosity. It can be found that the membrane via the sintering temperature of 1400 °C prepared with the highest porosity of 70%, while the membrane via the sintering temperature of 1600 °C prepared although has a minimum porosity of about 54%, but also has the smallest average pore size of about 0.2 μm. The hydrophilic ceramic hollow fiber membranes which after high-temperature sintering were changed into hydrophobic successfully via the 0.02M FAS modifier. The hydrophobic ceramic hollow fiber membranes with different sintering temperature, the membrane which was prepared via 1400 °C sintering has the highest carbon dioxide adsorption about 4.2 × 10-4 (mole/m2s). The membrane prepared via 1500 °C sintering has the carbon dioxide adsorption about 3.8 × 10-3 (mole/m2s),and the membrane prepared via 1600 °C sintering has the lowest carbon dioxide adsorption about 2.68 × 10-3 (mole/m2s).All of them have reusability and in long time operation, the membrane which was prepared via 1600 °C sintering has the smallest pores and also could operate for three days. After the test, the 1600 °C sintering ceramic hollow fiber membrane was most suitable for the factory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20dioxide%20capture" title="carbon dioxide capture">carbon dioxide capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20contactor" title=" membrane contactor"> membrane contactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20membrane" title=" ceramic membrane"> ceramic membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20hollow%20fiber%20membrane" title=" ceramic hollow fiber membrane"> ceramic hollow fiber membrane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21521/preparation-of-ceramic-hollow-fiber-membranes-for-co2-capture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21521.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1966</span> Evaluating the Baseline Chatacteristics of Static Balance in Young Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Abuzayan">K. Abuzayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Alabed"> H. Alabed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objectives of this study (baseline study, n = 20) were to implement Matlab procedures for quantifying selected static balance variables, establish baseline data of selected variables which characterize static balance activities in a population of healthy young adult males, and to examine any trial effects on these variables. The results indicated that the implementation of Matlab procedures for quantifying selected static balance variables was practical and enabled baseline data to be established for selected variables. There was no significant trial effect. Recommendations were made for suitable tests to be used in later studies. Specifically it was found that one foot-tiptoes tests either in static balance is too challenging for most participants in normal circumstances. A one foot-flat eyes open test was considered to be representative and challenging for static balance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20balance" title="static balance">static balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=base%20of%20support" title=" base of support"> base of support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baseline%20data" title=" baseline data"> baseline data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20adults" title=" young adults"> young adults</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10009/evaluating-the-baseline-chatacteristics-of-static-balance-in-young-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1965</span> Super-Hydrophilic TFC Membrane with High Stability in Oil </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Obaid">M. Obaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20A.%20M.%20Barakat"> Nasser A. M. Barakat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadali%20O.A"> Fadali O.A</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low stability in oil media and the hydrophobicity problems of the ploysulfone electrospun membranes could be overcome in the present study. Synthesis of super-hydrophilic and highly stable in oil polysulfone electrospun nanofiber membrane was achieved by electrospinning of polysulfone solution containing NaOH salt followed by activation of the dried electrospun membrane by deposition of polyamide layer on the surface using m-phenylenediamine and 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl chloride. The introduced membrane has super-hydrophilicity characteristic (contact angle=3o), excellent stability in oil media and distinct performance in oil-water separation process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrospinning" title="electrospinning">electrospinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil-degradability" title=" oil-degradability"> oil-degradability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane" title=" membrane"> membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofibers" title=" nanofibers"> nanofibers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17053/super-hydrophilic-tfc-membrane-with-high-stability-in-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1964</span> Relationship between Body Composition and Balance in Young Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferruh%20Taspinar">Ferruh Taspinar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulce%20K.%20Seyyar"> Gulce K. Seyyar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gamze%20Kurt"> Gamze Kurt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eda%20O.%20Okur"> Eda O. Okur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emrah%20Afsar"> Emrah Afsar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Saracoglu"> Ismail Saracoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betul%20Taspinar"> Betul Taspinar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Overweight and obesity has been associated with postural balance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body composition and balance. One hundred and thirty two young adults (58 male, 74 female) were included in the study. Mean age of participants were found as 21.21±1.51 years. Body composition (body mass index, total body fat ratio, total body muscle ratio) and balance (right anterior, right postero-medial, right postero-lateral, left anterior, left postero-medial, left postero-lateral) were evaluated by Tanita BC-418 and Y balance test, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the parameters. Significance level in statistical analysis was accepted as 0.05. According to results, no correlation was found between body mass index and balance parameters. There was negative correlation between total body fat ratio and balance parameters (r=0.419-0.509, p˂0.05). On the other hand, positive correlation was found between total body muscle ratio and balance parameters (r=0.390-0.494, p˂0.05). This study demonstrated that body fat and muscle ratio affects the balance. Body composition should be considered in rehabilitation programs including postural balance training. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance" title="balance">balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20composition" title=" body composition"> body composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20mass" title=" body mass"> body mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20adults" title=" young adults"> young adults</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60501/relationship-between-body-composition-and-balance-in-young-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1963</span> Efficacy Enhancement of Hydrophobic Antibiotics Employing Rhamnolipid as Biosurfactant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrahim%20A.%20Elouzi">Abdurrahim A. Elouzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrauf%20M.%20Gusbi"> Abdurrauf M. Gusbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20M.%20Elgerbi"> Ali M. Elgerbi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antibiotic resistance has become a global public-health problem, thus it is imperative that new antibiotics continue to be developed. Major problems are being experienced in human medicine from antibiotic resistant bacteria. Moreover, no new chemical class of antibiotics has been introduced into medicine in the past two decades. The aim of the current study presents experimental results that evaluate the capability of bio surfactant rhamnolipid on enhancing the efficacy of hydrophobic antibiotics. Serial dilutions of azithromycin and clarithromycin were prepared. A bacterial suspension (approximately 5 X 105 CFU) from an overnight culture in MSM was inoculated into 20 ml sterile test tube each containing a serial 10-fold dilution of the test antibiotic(s) in broth with or without 200 mgL-1 rhamnolipid. The tubes were incubated for 24 h with vigorous shaking at 37°C. Antimicrobial activity in multiple antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria pathogens and gram-positive bacteria were assessed using optical density technique. The results clearly demonstrated that the presence of rhamnolipid significantly improved the efficiency of both antibiotics. We hypothesized that the addition of rhamnolipid at low concentration, causes release of LPS which results in an increase in cell surface hydrophobicity. This allows increased association of cells with hydrophobic antibiotics resulting in increased cytotoxicity rates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobic%20antibiotics" title="hydrophobic antibiotics">hydrophobic antibiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosurfactant" title=" biosurfactant"> biosurfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhamnolipid" title=" rhamnolipid"> rhamnolipid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azithromycin" title=" azithromycin"> azithromycin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clarithromycin" title=" clarithromycin "> clarithromycin </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16898/efficacy-enhancement-of-hydrophobic-antibiotics-employing-rhamnolipid-as-biosurfactant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1962</span> Relationship between Joint Hypermobility and Balance in Patients with Down’s Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meltem%20Ramoglu">Meltem Ramoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ertugrul%20Safran"> Ertugrul Safran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hikmet%20Ucgun"> Hikmet Ucgun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Busra%20Kepenek%20Varol"> Busra Kepenek Varol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hulya%20Nilgun%20Gurses"> Hulya Nilgun Gurses</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Down’s syndrome (DS) is a human genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of an extra chromosome 21. Many patients with DS have musculoskeletal problems that affect weak muscle tone (hypotonia) and ligament laxity. This leads to excessive joint hypermobility and decreased position sense (proprioception). Lack of proprioception may cause balance problems. The aim of our study was to investigate how does joint hypermobility affect balance in patients with DS. Our study conducted with 13 DS patients age between 18 to 40 years. Demographic data were recorded. Beighton Hypermobility Score (BHS) was used to evaluate joint hypermobility. Balance score of participants was evaluated with Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Mean age of our participants was 29,8±3,57 year. Average score of body mass index and BHS were; 33,23 ±3,78 kg/m2 and 7,61±1,04, respectively. Out of a maximum possible score of 56 on the Berg Balance Scale, scores of participants with DS ranged from 36–51, with a mean of 43±4,45. Significant correlation was found between BHS and BBS (r: -,966, p=0.00). All of our participants have 6/9 or higher grade from BHS. As a conclusion of our study; joint hypermobility may affect balance score in patients with DS. The results suggest that people with DS have worse balance scores which affected by hypermobility. Further studies need larger population for more reliable results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adults" title="adults">adults</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance" title=" balance"> balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Down%27s%20syndrome" title=" Down's syndrome"> Down's syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20hypermobility" title=" joint hypermobility"> joint hypermobility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68798/relationship-between-joint-hypermobility-and-balance-in-patients-with-downs-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> 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