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style="display:none">Malaysian citizen of Indonesian descent</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about Malaysian citizen of Indonesian descent. For Indonesian citizens living and working in Malaysia, see <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_citizens_in_Malaysia" title="Indonesian citizens in Malaysia">Indonesian citizens in Malaysia</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Malaysians of Indonesian origin</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:KITLV_-_80016_-_Kleingrothe,_C.J._-_Medan_-_Javanese_woman,_probably_in_Malaysia_-_circa_1910.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/KITLV_-_80016_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Javanese_woman%2C_probably_in_Malaysia_-_circa_1910.tif/lossy-page1-220px-KITLV_-_80016_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Javanese_woman%2C_probably_in_Malaysia_-_circa_1910.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/KITLV_-_80016_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Javanese_woman%2C_probably_in_Malaysia_-_circa_1910.tif/lossy-page1-330px-KITLV_-_80016_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Javanese_woman%2C_probably_in_Malaysia_-_circa_1910.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/KITLV_-_80016_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Javanese_woman%2C_probably_in_Malaysia_-_circa_1910.tif/lossy-page1-440px-KITLV_-_80016_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Javanese_woman%2C_probably_in_Malaysia_-_circa_1910.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1344" data-file-height="2006" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> women in Malay Peninsula, circa 1910.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nationwide</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Predominantly <br /> <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Malay" title="Malaysian Malay">Malaysian Malay</a>)</span><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a></li><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_language" title="Minangkabau language">Minangkabau</a></li><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Bugis_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bugis language">Bugis</a></li><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_language" title="Acehnese language">Acehnese</a></li><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Mandailing_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandailing language">Mandailing</a></li><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Banjar_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Banjar language">Banjar</a> and other</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Predominantly <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian diaspora">Indonesian diaspora</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Minangkabau" title="Overseas Minangkabau">Minangkabau</a></li><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Javanese_diaspora" title="Javanese diaspora">Javanese</a></li><li style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Acehnese" title="Overseas Acehnese">Acehnese</a> and other</li></ul></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Malaysia" title="Category:History of Malaysia">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Malaysia" title="History of Malaysia">History of <span class="fn org label">Malaysia</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Johnston_S.E._Peninsula_and_Malaysia_Map_National_Atlas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Johnston_S.E._Peninsula_and_Malaysia_Map_National_Atlas.jpg/205px-Johnston_S.E._Peninsula_and_Malaysia_Map_National_Atlas.jpg" decoding="async" width="205" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Johnston_S.E._Peninsula_and_Malaysia_Map_National_Atlas.jpg/308px-Johnston_S.E._Peninsula_and_Malaysia_Map_National_Atlas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Johnston_S.E._Peninsula_and_Malaysia_Map_National_Atlas.jpg/410px-Johnston_S.E._Peninsula_and_Malaysia_Map_National_Atlas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10281" data-file-height="8421" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-bottom:0.5em; padding-top:0.5em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Malaysia" title="Prehistoric Malaysia">Prehistoric period</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <b><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a></b></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Lenggong" title="Lenggong">Lenggong Valley</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 2,000,0000 BCE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mansuli_Valley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mansuli Valley (page does not exist)">Mansuli Valley</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">235,000 BCE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <b><a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic</a></b></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Niah_National_Park" title="Niah National Park">Niah cultures</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 65,000–40,000 BCE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <b><a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a></b></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span>Bewah man/woman</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 16,000 BCE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span>Perak man/woman</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 11,000–200 BCE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <span style="padding-left:1em;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Klang_Bell" title="Klang Bell">Neolithic Klang</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 500 – 200 BCE</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Early kingdoms</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Kedah" title="History of Kedah">Ancient Kedah</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> <100 BCE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Chi_Tu" title="Chi Tu">Chi Tu</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 100 BCE–642 CE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Langkasuka" title="Langkasuka">Langkasuka</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 100 BCE–1474 CE</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Gangga_Negara" title="Gangga Negara">Gangga Negara</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 100 CE–1025</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pan_Pan_(kingdom)" title="Pan Pan (kingdom)">Pan Pan</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 424–775</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Kedah" title="History of Kedah">Old Kedah</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 170–1135</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Old_Pahang_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Pahang Kingdom">Old Pahang</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 449–1454</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 700s–1025</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1300s</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Rise of Muslim states</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kedah_Sultanate" title="Kedah Sultanate">Kedah Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1136–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Samudera_Pasai_Sultanate" title="Samudera Pasai Sultanate">Samudera Pasai Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1267–1521</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruneian Empire">Brunei Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1368–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate" title="Malacca Sultanate">Malacca Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1402–1511</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sulu Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1450–1899</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pahang_Sultanate" title="Pahang Sultanate">Pahang Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1470–1623</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Aceh_Sultanate" title="Aceh Sultanate">Aceh Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1496–1903</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pattani_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Pattani Kingdom">Pattani Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1516– 1902</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Johor_Sultanate" title="Johor Sultanate">Johor Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1528–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sarawak" title="Sultanate of Sarawak">Sarawak Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1599–1641</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Selangor" title="Sultan of Selangor">Selangor Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1766–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Besut_Darul_Iman" title="Kingdom of Besut Darul Iman">Besut Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1780–1899</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Setul_Mambang_Segara" title="Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara">Setul Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1808–1916</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Reman" title="Kingdom of Reman">Reman Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1810–1902</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kubang_Pasu_Darul_Qiyam" title="Kingdom of Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam">Kubang Pasu Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1839–1864</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Colonial period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Malacca" title="Portuguese Malacca">Portuguese Malacca</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1511–1641</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Dutch%E2%80%93Portuguese_War" title="Dutch–Portuguese War">Dutch–Portuguese War</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1601–1661</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Malacca" title="Dutch Malacca">Dutch Malacca</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1641–1824</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pahang_Kingdom" title="Pahang Kingdom">Pahang Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1770–1881</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Straits_Settlements" title="Straits Settlements">Straits Settlements</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1786–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Siamese_invasion_of_Kedah" title="Siamese invasion of Kedah">Siamese invasion of Kedah</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1821–1826</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Dutch_Treaty_of_1824" title="Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824">Anglo-Dutch Treaty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">1824</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Burney_Treaty" title="Burney Treaty">Burney Treaty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">1826</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Naning_War" title="Naning War">Naning War</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1831–1832</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Raj_of_Sarawak" title="Raj of Sarawak">Kingdom of Sarawak</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1841–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/House_of_Jamalullail_(Perlis)" title="House of Jamalullail (Perlis)">Separation of Perlis from Kedah</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1843</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Labuan" title="Crown Colony of Labuan">Crown Colony of Labuan</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1848–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pahang_Civil_War" title="Pahang Civil War">Pahang Civil War</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1857–1863</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Larut_Wars" title="Larut Wars">Larut Wars</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1861–1874</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Klang_War" title="Klang War">Klang War</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1867–1874</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pangkor_Treaty_of_1874" title="Pangkor Treaty of 1874">Pangkor Treaty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1874</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Perak_War" title="Perak War">Perak War</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">1875–1876</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">British Malaya</a> / <a href="/wiki/British_Borneo" title="British Borneo">Borneo</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1874–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Jementah_Civil_War" title="Jementah Civil War">Jementah Civil War</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1879</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo" title="North Borneo">North Borneo</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1882–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pahang_Uprising" title="Pahang Uprising">Pahang Uprising</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1891–1895</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mat_Salleh_Rebellion" title="Mat Salleh Rebellion">Mat Salleh Rebellion</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1894–1905</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Federated_Malay_States" title="Federated Malay States">Federated Malay States</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1895–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Siamese_Treaty_of_1909" title="Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909">Anglo-Siamese Treaty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1909</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Unfederated_Malay_States" title="Unfederated Malay States">Unfederated Malay States</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1909–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Penang" title="Battle of Penang">Battle of Penang</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1914</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kelantan_rebellion" title="Kelantan rebellion">Kelantan rebellion</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1915</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">World War II</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Malaya" title="Japanese occupation of Malaya">Japanese occupation of Malaya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_British_Borneo" title="Japanese occupation of British Borneo">Borneo</a></div></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> <br />1941–1945</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malayan_campaign" title="Malayan campaign">Malayan campaign</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1941–1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borneo_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Battle of Borneo (1941–1942)">Bornean Campaign</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1941–1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Muar" title="Battle of Muar">Battle of Muar</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Parit_Sulong_Massacre" title="Parit Sulong Massacre">Parit Sulong Massacre</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Singapore" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Singapore">Battle of Singapore</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sook_Ching" title="Sook Ching">Sook Ching</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Syburi" title="Syburi">Syburi</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sandakan_Death_Marches" title="Sandakan Death Marches">Sandakan Death Marches</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1942–1945</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Si_Rat_Malai" title="Si Rat Malai">Si Rat Malai</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1943–1945</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Jesselton_revolt" title="Jesselton revolt">Jesselton revolt</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1943–1944</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Formative period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/British_Military_Administration_(Malaya)" title="British Military Administration (Malaya)">BMA of Malaya</a>/<a href="/wiki/British_Military_Administration_(Borneo)" title="British Military Administration (Borneo)">Borneo</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1945–1946</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_North_Borneo" title="Crown Colony of North Borneo">Crown Colony of N. Borneo</a>/<a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Sarawak" title="Crown Colony of Sarawak">Sarawak</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1946–1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Anti-cession_movement_of_Sarawak" title="Anti-cession movement of Sarawak">Anti-cession movement</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1946–1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malayan_Union" title="Malayan Union">Malayan Union</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1946–1948</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya" title="Federation of Malaya">Federation of Malaya</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1948–1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malayan_Emergency" title="Malayan Emergency">Malayan Emergency</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1948–1960</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Baling_Talks" title="Baling Talks">Baling Talks</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1955</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Independence period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malayan_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Malayan Declaration of Independence">Malayan Independence</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1957</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Self-governance_of_Singapore" title="Self-governance of Singapore">Singapore self-governance</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1959</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Act_1960" title="Internal Security Act 1960">ISA 1960</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1960–2012</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Communist_insurgency_in_Sarawak" title="Communist insurgency in Sarawak">Sarawak Insurgency</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962–1990</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_Self-government_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="North Borneo Self-government Day">North Borneo self-governance</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia_confrontation" title="Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation">Konfrontasi</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963–1966</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_Independence_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak Independence Day">Sarawak self-governance</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Day" title="Malaysia Day">Formation of Malaysia</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Singapore_in_Malaysia" title="Singapore in Malaysia">Singapore in Malaysia</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1963–1965</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Declaration" title="ASEAN Declaration">ASEAN Declaration</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1967</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Communist_insurgency_in_Malaysia_(1968%E2%80%931989)" title="Communist insurgency in Malaysia (1968–1989)">Second communist insurgency</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1968–1989</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Modern period</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/13_May_incident" title="13 May incident">13 May incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1969</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/National_Operations_Council" title="National Operations Council">National Operations Council</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1969–1971</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Rukun_Negara" title="Rukun Negara">Declaration of Rukun Negara</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1970</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_New_Economic_Policy" title="Malaysian New Economic Policy">New Economic Policy</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1971–1990</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Territories_of_Malaysia" title="Federal Territories of Malaysia">Federal Territory of KL</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1974</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1977_Kelantan_Emergency" title="1977 Kelantan Emergency">1977 Kelantan Emergency</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1977</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pedra_Branca_dispute" title="Pedra Branca dispute">Pedra Branca dispute</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1979–2008</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="Territorial disputes in the South China Sea">South China Sea dispute</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Spratly_Islands_dispute" title="Spratly Islands dispute">Spratly</a>)</small></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1980–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Dawn_Raid_(Malaysia)" title="Dawn Raid (Malaysia)">Dawn Raid</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1981</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Labuan" title="Labuan">Federal Territory of Labuan</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1984</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Memali_Incident" title="Memali Incident">Memali incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1985</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Lalang" title="Operation Lalang">Operation Lalang</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1987</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1988_Malaysian_constitutional_crisis" title="1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis">Constitutional crisis</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1987–1988</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Peace_Agreement_of_Hat_Yai_(1989)" title="Peace Agreement of Hat Yai (1989)">Peace Agreement of Hat Yai</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1989</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1993_amendments_to_the_Constitution_of_Malaysia" title="1993 amendments to the Constitution of Malaysia">Royal Immunity Amendments</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1993</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis#Malaysia" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">Asian financial crisis</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1997–1998</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Reformasi_(Malaysia)" title="Reformasi (Malaysia)">Reformasi Movement</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1998–2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2008_Malaysian_Opposition_Wave" title="2008 Malaysian Opposition Wave">2008 Malaysian Opposition Wave</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2008</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="2009 swine flu pandemic in Malaysia">H1N1 flu pandemic</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2009–2010</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2014_Malaysian_sedition_dragnet" title="2014 Malaysian sedition dragnet">Sedition Dragnet</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2014</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1Malaysia_Development_Berhad_scandal" title="1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal">1MDB scandal</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2015–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2018_Malaysian_general_election" title="2018 Malaysian general election">Pakatan Harapan takeover</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2018</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">COVID-19 pandemic</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2020–2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_Malaysian_political_crisis" title="2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis">Political crisis</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2020–2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2021_amendment_to_the_Constitution_of_Malaysia" title="2021 amendment to the Constitution of Malaysia">Bornean Amendment</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2021–2023</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Green_Wave_(Malaysia)" title="Green Wave (Malaysia)">Green Wave</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2022–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em; border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Incidents</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Brunei_revolt" title="Brunei revolt">Brunei revolt</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962–1966</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_dispute" title="North Borneo dispute">North Borneo dispute</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cross_border_attacks_in_Sabah" title="Cross border attacks in Sabah">Philippine militant attacks</a>)</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1962–present</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1964_race_riots_in_Singapore" title="1964 race riots in Singapore">Singapore race riots</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1964</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Limbang_District" title="Limbang District">Brunei's Limbang claim</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1967–2009</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1967_Penang_Hartal_riot" title="1967 Penang Hartal riot">Penang Hartal riot</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1967</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/13_May_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="13 May Incident">13 May Incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1969</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ligitan_and_Sipadan_dispute" title="Ligitan and Sipadan dispute">Ligitan and Sipadan dispute</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1969–2002</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1971_Kuala_Lumpur_floods" title="1971 Kuala Lumpur floods">Kuala Lumpur flash floods</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1971</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asian_haze" title="Southeast Asian haze">Malaysian haze crisis</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1972–present</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1975_AIA_building_hostage_crisis" title="1975 AIA building hostage crisis">AIA building hostage crisis</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1975</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/National_Monument_(Malaysia)" title="National Monument (Malaysia)">National Monument bombing</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1975</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Campbell_Shopping_Complex_fire" title="Campbell Shopping Complex fire">Campbell Shopping Complex fire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1976</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1976_Sabah_Air_GAF_Nomad_crash" title="1976 Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash">Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1976</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Lines_Flight_715" title="Japan Air Lines Flight 715">Japan Airlines Flight 715 incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1977</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Airline_System_Flight_653" title="Malaysian Airline System Flight 653">MH653 incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1977</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1985_Lahad_Datu_ambush" title="1985 Lahad Datu ambush">1985 Lahad Datu ambush</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1985</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Memali_Incident" title="Memali Incident">Memali Incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1985</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1986_Sabah_riots" title="1986 Sabah riots">Sabah Emergency</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1986</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1987_Ming_Court_Affair" title="1987 Ming Court Affair">Ming Court Affair</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1987</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Abdul_Halim_ferry_terminal_bridge_collapse" title="Sultan Abdul Halim ferry terminal bridge collapse">Penang terminal bridge collapse</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1988</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1989_Taufiqiah_Al-Khairiah_madrasa_fire" title="1989 Taufiqiah Al-Khairiah madrasa fire">Taufiqiah Al-Khairiah madrasa fire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1989</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bright_Sparklers_Fireworks_disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Bright Sparklers Fireworks disaster">Bright Sparklers disaster</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1991</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Highland_Towers_collapse" title="Highland Towers collapse">Highland Towers collapse</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1993</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Genting_Sempah%E2%80%93Genting_Highlands_Highway" title="Genting Sempah–Genting Highlands Highway">Genting landslide</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1995</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_2133" title="Malaysia Airlines Flight 2133">MH2133 incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1995</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1996_Pos_Dipang_mudflow" title="1996 Pos Dipang mudflow">Pos Dipang mudflow</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1996</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Depression_Greg_(1996)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical Depression Greg (1996)">Tropical Storm Greg</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1996</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/1998%E2%80%931999_Malaysia_Nipah_virus_outbreak" title="1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak">1998–1999 Malaysia Nipah virus outbreak</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 1998–1999</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2000_Sipadan_kidnappings" title="2000 Sipadan kidnappings">2000 Sipadan kidnappings</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2000</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Al-Ma%27unah" title="Al-Ma'unah">Al-Ma'unah incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2000</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sauk_Siege" title="Sauk Siege">Sauk Siege</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2000</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2001_Kampung_Medan_riots" title="2001 Kampung Medan riots">2001 Kampung Medan riots</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2001</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2002_Taman_Hillview_landslide" title="2002 Taman Hillview landslide">2002 Taman Hillview landslide</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2002</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Effect_of_the_2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_on_Malaysia" title="Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Malaysia">Indian Ocean tsunami</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2004</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2006%E2%80%932007_Southeast_Asian_floods" title="2006–2007 Southeast Asian floods">2006–2007 Southeast Asian floods</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2006–2007</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2007_Bukit_Gantang_bus_crash" title="2007 Bukit Gantang bus crash">Bukit Gantang bus crash</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2007</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2008_Bukit_Antarabangsa_landslide" title="2008 Bukit Antarabangsa landslide">Bukit Antarabangsa landslide</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2008</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="2009 swine flu pandemic in Malaysia">2009 swine flu pandemic in Malaysia</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2009</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2010_attacks_against_places_of_worship_in_Malaysia" title="2010 attacks against places of worship in Malaysia">Attacks against places of worship</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2010</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2010_Cameron_Highlands_bus_crash" title="2010 Cameron Highlands bus crash">Cameron Highlands bus crash</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2010</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2011_Hulu_Langat_landslide" title="2011 Hulu Langat landslide">Hulu Langat landslide</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2011</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2013_Genting_Highlands_bus_crash" title="2013 Genting Highlands bus crash">Genting Highlands bus crash</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2013</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370" title="Malaysia Airlines Flight 370">MH370 incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2014</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_17" title="Malaysia Airlines Flight 17">MH17 incident</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2014</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_Malaysia_floods" class="mw-redirect" title="2014–15 Malaysia floods">2014–15 Malaysia floods</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2014–2015</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2015_Sabah_earthquake" title="2015 Sabah earthquake">Sabah earthquake</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2015</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2015_Plaza_Low_Yat_riot" title="2015 Plaza Low Yat riot">2015 Plaza Low Yat riot</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">2015</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2016_Movida_Bar_grenade_attack" title="2016 Movida Bar grenade attack">Movida Bar grenade attack</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2016</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Kim_Jong-nam" title="Assassination of Kim Jong-nam">Kim Jong-nam's Assassination</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2017</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2017_Darul_Quran_Ittifaqiyah_madrasa_fire" title="2017 Darul Quran Ittifaqiyah madrasa fire">Darul Quran madrasa fire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">2017</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sri_Maha_Mariamman_Temple_riot" title="Sri Maha Mariamman Temple riot">2018 Subang Temple riot</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2018</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Malaysian_floods" class="mw-redirect" title="2020–21 Malaysian floods">2020-21 Malaysia floods</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2021</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2021_Kelana_Jaya_LRT_collision" title="2021 Kelana Jaya LRT collision">LRT train collision</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2021</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_Malaysian_floods" title="2021–2022 Malaysian floods">2021-22 Malaysia floods</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2021–2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2022_Batang_Kali_landslide" title="2022 Batang Kali landslide">2022 Batang Kali landslide</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2022</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2023_Elmina_plane_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Elmina plane crash">2023 Elmina plane crash</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2023</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2024_Lumut_mid-air_collision" title="2024 Lumut mid-air collision">2024 Lumut helicopters crash</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2024</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/2024_Ulu_Tiram_police_station_attack" title="2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack">2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> 2024</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">By topic</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunications_in_Malaysia" title="History of telecommunications in Malaysia">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Malaysian_Constitution" title="History of the Malaysian Constitution">Constitutional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Malaysia" title="Economic history of Malaysia">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Malaysia#History" title="Immigration to Malaysia">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_legal_history" title="Malaysian legal history">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Malaysia" title="Military history of Malaysia">Military</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">By region</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kedah" title="History of Kedah">Kedah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kuala_Lumpur" title="History of Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Penang" title="History of Penang">Penang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_George_Town,_Penang" title="History of George Town, Penang">George Town</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sabah" title="History of Sabah">Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sarawak" title="History of Sarawak">Sarawak</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/16px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/24px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Malaysia" title="Portal:Malaysia">Malaysia portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Malaysia" title="Template:History of Malaysia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Malaysia" title="Template talk:History of Malaysia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Malaysia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Malaysia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Indonesian Malaysians</b> (<a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a>/<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i>Orang Malaysia Keturunan Indonesia</i>) are <a href="/wiki/Malaysians" title="Malaysians">Malaysian citizens</a> of <a href="/wiki/Native_Indonesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Native Indonesian">Indonesian ancestry</a>. Today, there are many <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Malays" title="Malaysian Malays">Malaysian Malays</a> who have lineage from the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Indonesia" title="Ethnic groups in Indonesia">Indonesian archipelago</a> and have played an important role in the history and contributed to the development of Malaysia, they have been assimilated with other Malay communities and are grouped as part of the <i>foreign Malays</i> or <i>anak dagang</i> in terms of race.<sup id="cite_ref-Migration_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Migration-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Census_in_Malaysia" title="Census in Malaysia">Malaysian census</a> does not categorize ethnic groups from the Indonesian archipelago as a separate ethnic group, but rather as <a href="/wiki/Malay_(ethnic_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay (ethnic group)">Malay</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bumiputera_(Malaysia)" title="Bumiputera (Malaysia)">Bumiputera</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Article_160_of_the_Constitution_of_Malaysia" title="Article 160 of the Constitution of Malaysia">Article 160 of the Malaysian Constitution</a> only states the criteria for a person to be considered a Malay; which is to profess the religion of Islam, habitually speak the Malay language, conform to Malay custom and be born to a Malaysian parent.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several ethnic groups of Indonesian origin such as <a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjarese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandailing_people" title="Mandailing people">Mandailing</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> have significant migration to Malaysia and form significant communities in Malaysia.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan" title="Negeri Sembilan">Negeri Sembilan</a>, in particular, has large numbers of Minangkabau, Acehnese in <a href="/wiki/Kedah" title="Kedah">Kedah</a>, Javanese in <a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a>, Banjar in <a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak</a> and Bugis in <a href="/wiki/Selangor" title="Selangor">Selangor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a>. There are three kings and six prime ministers of Malaysia who also have ethnic lineage from the Indonesian archipelago, such as the kings of Johor and Selangor who have Bugis lineages, and king of Negeri Sembilan who have Minangkabau lineages. Malaysia's former first king <a href="/wiki/Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuanku Abdul Rahman">Tuanku Abdul Rahman</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Najib_Razak" title="Najib Razak">Najib Razak</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin" title="Muhyiddin Yassin">Muhyiddin Yassin</a>, each of them have Minangkabau, Bugis, and Javanese ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Majapahit_Expansion.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Majapahit_Expansion.gif/300px-Majapahit_Expansion.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Majapahit_Expansion.gif/450px-Majapahit_Expansion.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Majapahit_Expansion.gif/600px-Majapahit_Expansion.gif 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="369" /></a><figcaption>The extent of Majapahit <i><a href="/wiki/Nusantara_(archipelago)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nusantara (archipelago)">Nusantara</a></i> according to <a href="/wiki/Nagarakretagama" title="Nagarakretagama">Nagarakretagama</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/History_of_Indonesia" title="History of Indonesia">history of Indonesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Malaysia" title="History of Malaysia">history of Malaysia</a> were often intertwined. Throughout their history, the borders of ancient kingdoms and empires – such as <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malacca_sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacca sultanate">Malacca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johor_Sultanate" title="Johor Sultanate">Johor-Riau</a> – often comprised both modern-day countries. For centuries, the relations, migrations, and interactions between Indonesian and Malaysian people have been quite intense, and it is common for Malaysians to trace their relatives in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> and vice versa. </p><p>The migration of Indonesian to Malaysia can be traced back since before the colonial time especially during the <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a> administration. The first king of the <a href="/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate" title="Malacca Sultanate">Malacca Sultanate</a> was descended from the Srivijaya prince <a href="/wiki/Sang_Nila_Utama" title="Sang Nila Utama">Sang Nila Utama</a> from <a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a>. <a href="/wiki/Interracial_marriage" title="Interracial marriage">Interracial marriages</a> between Sultanates such as between Sultan <a href="/wiki/Mansur_Shah_of_Malacca" title="Mansur Shah of Malacca">Mansur Shah of Malacca</a> and the Princess Raden Galuh Chandra Kirana of Majapahit are stated in the <i><a href="/wiki/Malay_Annals" title="Malay Annals">Malay Annals</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-hs_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other historical texts such as <i><a href="/wiki/Tuhfat_al-Nafis" title="Tuhfat al-Nafis">Tuhfat al-Nafis</a></i> (known as <i>Sejarah Melayu dan Bugis</i> (History of the Malays and Bugis)), stated the relations between different Sultanates of <a href="/wiki/Johor_Sultanate" title="Johor Sultanate">Johor</a>-<a href="/wiki/Riau-Lingga_Sultanate" title="Riau-Lingga Sultanate">Riau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kedah_Sultanate" title="Kedah Sultanate">Kedah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Perak" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Perak">Perak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Selangor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Selangor">Selangor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Pahang" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Pahang">Pahang</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Terengganu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Terengganu">Terengganu</a> on the peninsula with the east and west coasts of Sumatra and <a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hs_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/British_Malaya" title="British Malaya">British occupation</a>, Malaysia was integrated into the world's commodity and capital markets, became a source of resources for the colonizers (suzerain) and began to face labor shortages. Britain then looked for sources of labor from countries such as India and China. <a href="/wiki/Native_Indonesians" title="Native Indonesians">Indonesians</a> became the third source of labor and the British viewed and treated them differently from <a href="/wiki/Indian_Malaysians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Malaysians">Indians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Malaysians" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Malaysians">Chinese</a> because they were considered to have the same race as Malays.<sup id="cite_ref-lb_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lb-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Post-decolonization, the government, like other political institutions in a democracy, tries to maintain its mandate and legitimacy through elections. This has implications for providing incentives and broadening the support base. By classifying Indonesian migrants (such as Javanese, Minangkabau, Bugis, Bawean, Banjar, Mandailing, Acehnese and others) into ethnic Malays, the government party <a href="/wiki/Pertubuhan_Kebangsaan_Melayu_Bersatu" class="mw-redirect" title="Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu">Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu</a> or UMNO expanded its mass base. The reason for the classification and the criteria for ethnic Malays in the Malaysian constitution is a socio-historical construction. This historical aspect exists because the identity defined in the Malaysian constitution has existed since the time of the Malacca sultanate in contrast to the Orang Asli or the Dayak people. So that anyone who meets the socio-religious requirements of the Malays is classified as a <a href="/wiki/Malay_(ethnic_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay (ethnic group)">Malay (ethnic group)</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minangkabau">Minangkabau</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Minangkabau"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Minangkabau" title="Overseas Minangkabau">Overseas Minangkabau</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_Malaysians" title="Minangkabau Malaysians">Minangkabau Malaysians</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a> Malaysians are people of full or partial Minangkabau descent who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia. They form a significant part of Malaysia's population and Malaysian law considers most of them to be <a href="/wiki/Malay_Malaysian" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay Malaysian">Malays</a>. The Minangkabau people originate from <a href="/wiki/West_Sumatra" title="West Sumatra">West Sumatra</a>, have a long history of migration to Malaysia. Minangkabau people are dominant in <a href="/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan" title="Negeri Sembilan">Negeri Sembilan</a>, both in terms of population, politics, and <a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_culture" title="Minangkabau culture">culture</a>. At the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/14th_century" title="14th century">14th century</a>, the Minangkabau people arrived in Negeri Sembilan via <a href="/wiki/Melaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Melaka">Melaka</a> and initially settled in <a href="/wiki/Rembau_(town)" title="Rembau (town)">Rembau</a>. The Minangkabau people who arrived at that time had a more advanced civilisation than the <a href="/wiki/Orang_Asli" title="Orang Asli">Orang Asli</a> (a term used to describe the indigenous people in the area) in Negeri Sembilan. From the marriage between the Minangkabau people and the Orang Asli, the Biduanda clan was born. It is from the Biduanda clan that the chieftains of Negeri Sembilan (the 'Penghulu' and '<a href="/wiki/Undang" title="Undang">Undang</a>') descend. The initial migration of the Minangkabau people mostly came from the <a href="/wiki/Tanah_Datar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanah Datar">Tanah Datar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Payakumbuh" title="Payakumbuh">Payakumbuh</a> areas of West Sumatra.<sup id="cite_ref-suku_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-suku-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Besar" title="Yang di-Pertuan Besar">Yang di-Pertuan Besar</a> post and the royal institution, Negeri Sembilan was under the protection of the <a href="/wiki/Malacca_Sultanate" title="Malacca Sultanate">Malacca Sultanate</a> and then the <a href="/wiki/Johor_Sultanate" title="Johor Sultanate">Johor Sultanate</a>. In the 18th century the weakened Johor was no longer able to protect Negeri Sembilan from <a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> attacks. Therefore, the leaders of Negeri Sembilan requested that they be allowed to invite a prince from <a href="/wiki/Pagaruyung" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagaruyung">Pagaruyung</a> (West Sumatra) to rule over them. The then King of Pagaruyung, <a href="/wiki/Raja_Kecil" title="Raja Kecil">Sultan Abdul Jalil</a>, granted the request and sent <a href="/wiki/Melewar_of_Negeri_Sembilan" title="Melewar of Negeri Sembilan">Raja Melewar</a> to become King, or Yamtuan Besar in Seri Menanti. </p><p>The Negeri Sembilan people follow the <a href="/wiki/Adat_perpatih" title="Adat perpatih">Adat Perpatih</a> customs and traditions, which involves inheritance based on <a href="/wiki/Matrilineal" class="mw-redirect" title="Matrilineal">matrilineal</a> lineage; clan lineage is also determined by matrilineal descent.<sup id="cite_ref-travel_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-travel-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The population census in Malaysia does not categorise Minangkabau as a separate ethnic group, but is generally classified as Malay. However, based on estimates, there are around 989,000 Minangkabau people living in Malaysia. Although accounting for less than 5% of Malaysia's population, their presence has contributed significantly to the development of this country. Before independence, there were many Minangkabau people in Malaysia who took part and held significant influence. They were mostly traders, clerics, and politicians. Long before the arrival of the British to <a href="/wiki/Penang" title="Penang">Penang</a>, there were already many Minang businessmen who traded on the island. Datuk Jannaton, Nakhoda Intan, dan Nakhoda Kecil are some of the cross-strait entrepreneurs based in Penang. In the 19th century, Muhammad Saleh Al-Minankabawi became the mufti of the <a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Perak Kingdom</a> and Uthman bin Abdullah became the first qadi in <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>. In addition, <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Taib_bin_Haji_Abdul_Samad" title="Mohamed Taib bin Haji Abdul Samad">Mohamed Taib bin Haji Abdul Samad</a>, who has a fairly large business, became an explorer in the Chow Kit area in Kuala Lumpur. In the mid-20th century, many Minangkabau figures became politicians at the same time. Some of them are <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_CD" title="Abdullah CD">Abdullah C.D.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Boestamam" title="Ahmad Boestamam">Ahmad Boestamam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burhanuddin_al-Helmy" title="Burhanuddin al-Helmy">Burhanuddin al-Hilmi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shamsiah_Fakeh" title="Shamsiah Fakeh">Shamsiah Fakeh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mokhtaruddin_Lasso" title="Mokhtaruddin Lasso">Mokhtaruddin Lasso</a>. </p><p>After independence, many important Malaysian figures and public figures were of Minangkabau descent. These include <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Muszaphar_Shukor" title="Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor">Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor</a>, Malaysia's first spaceman, <a href="/wiki/Rais_Yatim" title="Rais Yatim">Rais Yatim</a>, the longest serving government minister, U-Wei bin Haji Saari, one of Malaysia's acclaimed directors, entrepreneur <a href="/wiki/Kamarudin_Meranun" title="Kamarudin Meranun">Kamarudin Meranun</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saiful_Bahri" title="Saiful Bahri">Saiful Bahri</a>, the composer of Malaysia's national anthem, "<a href="/wiki/Negaraku" title="Negaraku">Negaraku</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bugis">Bugis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bugis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bugis-Malay" title="Bugis-Malay">Bugis-Malay</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> Malaysians are people of full or partial Bugis descent who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia. They form a significant part of Malaysia's population and Malaysian law considers most of them to be <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Malays" title="Malaysian Malays">Malays</a>. </p><p>In Malaysia, there are two primary Bugis groups: the <a href="/wiki/Bugis-Malays" class="mw-redirect" title="Bugis-Malays">Bugis-Malays</a> and the Sabahan Bugis. The Bugis-Malays, who are descendants of early Bugis migrants to the Malay Peninsula and Sarawak between the 17th and 20th centuries, have largely integrated into Malay culture. In contrast, the Sabahan Bugis, who arrived in <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> in the 20th century, have retained a distinct Bugis identity. </p><p>The Bugis people originate from <a href="/wiki/South_Sulawesi" title="South Sulawesi">South Sulawesi</a> and have played an important role in Malaysian history. The Bugis at that time were directly involved in the politics of the Malay kingdoms. The conclusion in 1669 of a protracted civil war led to a diaspora of Bugis and their entry into the politics of the <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a>. The Bugis played an important role in defeating Jambi and had a huge influence in <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Johor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Johor">Sultanate of Johor</a>. Apart from the Malays, another influential faction in Johor at that time was the Minangkabau. Both the Buginese and the Minangkabau aware how the death of <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_II_of_Johor" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahmud II of Johor">Sultan Mahmud II</a> had provided them with the chance to exert major influence in Johor. </p><p>It started when <a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_Badrul_Alam_Shah_of_Johor" title="Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah of Johor">King Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah</a> wanted to control <a href="/wiki/Johor" title="Johor">Johor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Riau_Archipelago" title="Riau Archipelago">Riau</a>-<a href="/wiki/Lingga_Regency" title="Lingga Regency">Lingga</a>, which was controlled by Sultan <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Jalil_Rahmat_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah">Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah</a> (also known as <i>Raja Kecil)</i>. Then with the help of the Bugis from <a href="/wiki/Klang_(city)" title="Klang (city)">Klang</a>, King Sulaiman managed to seize the territory of Johor and Riau Lingga from the hands of Raja Kecil. In return, King Sulaiman gave the title of Yang Dipertuan Muda to Daeng Marewah who ruled in Johor and Riau Lingga. Until now, the kings in the Sultanate of Johor and the Sultanate of Selangor are of Bugis descent. The population census in Malaysia also does not categorize the Bugis as a separate ethnic group, but rather as a Malay ethnic group. The presence of the Bugis in Malaysia has become a part of history and a contribution to the development of Malaysia. Several Prime Ministers of Malaysia are of Bugis descent, include <a href="/wiki/Tun_Abdul_Razak" class="mw-redirect" title="Tun Abdul Razak">Tun Abdul Razak</a> and his son <a href="/wiki/Najib_Razak" title="Najib Razak">Najib Razak</a>. There are also many Malaysian public figures who have Bugis ancestry such as the famous Malaysian singer, <a href="/wiki/Yuna_(singer)" title="Yuna (singer)">Yuna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In modern Malaysia, Buginese are classified as <a href="/wiki/Bumiputera_(Malaysia)" title="Bumiputera (Malaysia)">Bumiputera</a> (like members of other historical immigrant ethnicities originating from Indonesia).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Javanese">Javanese</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Javanese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Javanese_Malaysians" title="Javanese Malaysians">Javanese Malaysians</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> Malaysians are people of full or partial Javanese descent who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia. They form a significant part of Malaysia's population and Malaysian law considers most of them to be <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Malays" title="Malaysian Malays">Malays</a>. They come from <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, Malaysia is home to the largest <a href="/wiki/Javanese_diaspora" title="Javanese diaspora">Javanese population</a> outside Indonesia. Many important and well-known figures in Malaysia are of Javanese descent. Javanese migration to Malaysia had occurred before the colonial era. The first wave of Javanese people came during the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Malacca" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Malacca">Sultanate of Malacca</a> era in the 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political marriages between kingdoms, such as between Sultan <a href="/wiki/Mansur_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mansur Shah">Mansur Shah</a> of <a href="/wiki/Malacca_sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Malacca sultanate">Malacca sultanate</a> and Princess Raden Galuh Chandra Kirana of Majapahit, were an evidence that the interaction between nations has started a long time ago. This story is told in the 16th century ancient Malay manuscript, <a href="/wiki/Sulalatus_Salatin" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulalatus Salatin">Sulalatus Salatin</a>. The Javanese in Malaysia have adapted to the local culture and social values very well. The Javanese in Malaysia have adopted Malay culture, they speak Malay and use Malay names.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The presence of the Javanese in Malaysia has become part of the history and contribution to the development of the state of Malaysia. Many political figures have held important positions in the Malaysian government, including <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Zahid_Hamidi" title="Ahmad Zahid Hamidi">Ahmad Zahid Hamidi</a>, previous Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia, and <a href="/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin" title="Muhyiddin Yassin">Muhyiddin Yassin</a>, who served as the 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia. There are also many Malaysian artists of Javanese descent, such as Mohammad Azwan bin Mohammad Nr or better known as Wak Doyok, a businessman and fashion icon and also Herman Tino, the pioneer of <a href="/wiki/Dangdut" title="Dangdut">dangdut</a> singers in Malaysia. </p><p>Most Malaysians of Javanese descent have assimilated into the local Malay culture, and speak Malay as a native tongue and first language rather than the Javanese language of their ancestors. This occurs through usual assimilation, as well as intermarriages with other ethnic groups. This qualifies them as Malays under Malaysian law. The situation is identical with the Javanese in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, where they are considered Malay.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Banjar">Banjar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Banjar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjar</a> Malaysians are people of full or partial Banjar descent who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia. They form a significant part of Malaysia's population and Malaysian law considers most of them to be <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Malays" title="Malaysian Malays">Malays</a>. In contrast to the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> the Banjarese are considered a separate ethnic group from the Malays. In Malaysia, many Banjarese are still fluent in Banjarese and have culinary and cultural characteristics similar to their native <a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a>. Banjar communities in Malaysia can be found almost all over the country.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Banjar people have emigrated to the Malay Peninsula hundreds of years ago. The first generation of Banjar people initially cultivated agricultural land. Many of them live in the <a href="/wiki/Bagan_Serai" title="Bagan Serai">Bagan Serai</a> and Sungai Manik areas. Following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the Banjarese contributed to the expulsion of <a href="/wiki/Communists" class="mw-redirect" title="Communists">communists</a> in Malaysia.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bawean">Bawean</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bawean"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bawean" title="Bawean">Bawean</a> Malaysians are people of full or partial Bawean descent who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia. The Bawean ethnicity in Malaysia is not as much as the Minang, Javanese, and Bugis ethnicities. Even so they are also categorized as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysia_Malays&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malaysia Malays (page does not exist)">Malays</a>. The Bawean or Boyanese people come from <a href="/wiki/Bawean_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Bawean Island">Bawean Island</a>, off the north coast of Java. In Malaysia, the Bawean people are better known as the <i>Boyan people</i> or <i>Babian people</i>. The word Boyan actually means driver or gardener, because at the beginning of the migration, many Baweans in Malaysia worked as drivers or gardeners. The lack of documentation and historical records has resulted in the exact time when the Baweans arrived in Malaysia. There are various theories regarding the arrival of the Baweans in the Malay Peninsula. There is an opinion that there was a Bawean named Tok Ayar who arrived in Melaka in 1819. In Melaka, the Baweans also spread to the Klang Valley, such as in the <a href="/wiki/Ampang_District" title="Ampang District">Ampang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gombak" class="mw-redirect" title="Gombak">Gombak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balakong" title="Balakong">Balakong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shah_Alam" title="Shah Alam">Shah Alam</a> areas. The population census in Malaysia does not categorize the Bawaean or Boyan people as a separate ethnic group but is classified as a Malay ethnicity. The presence of the Bawean people in Malaysia has become a part of history and a contribution to the development of the State of Malaysia.<sup id="cite_ref-nama_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nama-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tokayar_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tokayar-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acehnese">Acehnese</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Acehnese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a> Malaysians are people of full or partial Acehnese descent who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia. They form a significant part of Malaysia's population and Malaysian law considers most of them to be <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Malays" title="Malaysian Malays">Malays</a>. They come from <a href="/wiki/Aceh" title="Aceh">Aceh</a>, northern tip of Sumatra. The existence of the Acehnese in Malaysia has existed for hundreds of years. Aceh's relations with countries in Peninsular Malaysia have existed since the 16th century. The Acehnese, especially in <a href="/wiki/Penang" title="Penang">Penang</a>, have contributed a lot to economic growth through the export of their natural wealth, especially pepper. During the war against the Dutch, Aceh made Penang a place for international lobbying, to thwart Aceh from Dutch colonialism. The <a href="/wiki/Lebuh_Aceh_Mosque" title="Lebuh Aceh Mosque">Lebuh Aceh Mosque</a> is the oldest mosque in Penang. Currently, it is estimated that there are hundreds of thousands of people of Acehnese descent in Malaysia. Many Acehnese in Malaysia have played important and influential roles in Malaysia such as songwriter and singer <a href="/wiki/P._Ramlee" title="P. Ramlee">P. Ramlee</a> and former Minister <a href="/wiki/Sanusi_Junid" title="Sanusi Junid">Sanusi Junid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 128px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 126px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HRH_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Ibni_Al-Marhum_Tuanku_Muhammad._The_Tuanku_Ja%27afar_Royal_Gallery,_Seremban.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan, The first Supreme Ruler or Yang di-Pertuan Agong of the Federation of Malaya"><img alt="Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan, The first Supreme Ruler or Yang di-Pertuan Agong of the Federation of Malaya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/HRH_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Ibni_Al-Marhum_Tuanku_Muhammad._The_Tuanku_Ja%27afar_Royal_Gallery%2C_Seremban.jpg/189px-HRH_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Ibni_Al-Marhum_Tuanku_Muhammad._The_Tuanku_Ja%27afar_Royal_Gallery%2C_Seremban.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/HRH_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Ibni_Al-Marhum_Tuanku_Muhammad._The_Tuanku_Ja%27afar_Royal_Gallery%2C_Seremban.jpg/284px-HRH_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Ibni_Al-Marhum_Tuanku_Muhammad._The_Tuanku_Ja%27afar_Royal_Gallery%2C_Seremban.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/HRH_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Ibni_Al-Marhum_Tuanku_Muhammad._The_Tuanku_Ja%27afar_Royal_Gallery%2C_Seremban.jpg/379px-HRH_Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman_Ibni_Al-Marhum_Tuanku_Muhammad._The_Tuanku_Ja%27afar_Royal_Gallery%2C_Seremban.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3354" data-file-height="4373" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_of_Negeri_Sembilan" title="Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan">Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan</a>, The first Supreme Ruler or <a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Yang di-Pertuan Agong</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Malaya" title="Federation of Malaya">Federation of Malaya</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 107.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 105.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tun_Abdul_Razak_(MY_2nd_PM).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abdul Razak Hussein, 2nd Prime Minister of Malaysia"><img alt="Abdul Razak Hussein, 2nd Prime Minister of Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Tun_Abdul_Razak_%28MY_2nd_PM%29.jpg/158px-Tun_Abdul_Razak_%28MY_2nd_PM%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Tun_Abdul_Razak_%28MY_2nd_PM%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Razak_Hussein" title="Abdul Razak Hussein">Abdul Razak Hussein</a>, 2nd <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Prime Minister of Malaysia</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 138.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 136.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Najib Razak, 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia"><img alt="Najib Razak, 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG/205px-Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG" decoding="async" width="137" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG/307px-Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG/409px-Dato_Sri_Mohd_Najib_Tun_Razak.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5500" data-file-height="6635" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Najib_Razak" title="Najib Razak">Najib Razak</a>, 6th Prime Minister of Malaysia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 128px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 126px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AhmadZahid2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia"><img alt="Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/AhmadZahid2.jpg/189px-AhmadZahid2.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/AhmadZahid2.jpg/284px-AhmadZahid2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/AhmadZahid2.jpg/378px-AhmadZahid2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="397" data-file-height="518" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Zahid_Hamidi" title="Ahmad Zahid Hamidi">Ahmad Zahid Hamidi</a>, Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 164.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 162.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MuhyiddinUS.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Muhyiddin Yassin, 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia"><img alt="Muhyiddin Yassin, 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/MuhyiddinUS.jpg/244px-MuhyiddinUS.jpg" decoding="async" width="163" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/MuhyiddinUS.jpg/367px-MuhyiddinUS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/MuhyiddinUS.jpg/488px-MuhyiddinUS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="539" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin" title="Muhyiddin Yassin">Muhyiddin Yassin</a>, 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 118.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 116.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dr_Khir_Toyo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Khir Toyo, Former Chief Minister of the state of Selangor"><img alt="Khir Toyo, Former Chief Minister of the state of Selangor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Dr_Khir_Toyo.jpg/175px-Dr_Khir_Toyo.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Dr_Khir_Toyo.jpg/262px-Dr_Khir_Toyo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Dr_Khir_Toyo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Khir_Toyo" title="Khir Toyo">Khir Toyo</a>, Former <a href="/wiki/Menteri_Besar" class="mw-redirect" title="Menteri Besar">Chief Minister</a> of the state of <a href="/wiki/Selangor" title="Selangor">Selangor</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 130px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 128px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yang_Berhormat_Khairy_Jamaluddin_Abu_Bakar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Khairy Jamaluddin, Malaysian Minister"><img alt="Khairy Jamaluddin, Malaysian Minister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Yang_Berhormat_Khairy_Jamaluddin_Abu_Bakar.jpg/192px-Yang_Berhormat_Khairy_Jamaluddin_Abu_Bakar.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Yang_Berhormat_Khairy_Jamaluddin_Abu_Bakar.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="235" data-file-height="302" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Khairy_Jamaluddin" title="Khairy Jamaluddin">Khairy Jamaluddin</a>, Malaysian Minister</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 124.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 122.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSSNI_2018.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Saifuddin Nasution Ismail, Malaysian Minister"><img alt="Saifuddin Nasution Ismail, Malaysian Minister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/DSSNI_2018.png/184px-DSSNI_2018.png" decoding="async" width="123" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/DSSNI_2018.png/276px-DSSNI_2018.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/DSSNI_2018.png/368px-DSSNI_2018.png 2x" data-file-width="577" data-file-height="775" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Saifuddin_Nasution_Ismail" title="Saifuddin Nasution Ismail">Saifuddin Nasution Ismail</a>, Malaysian Minister </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Siti_Hasmah_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali, Spouse and wife of Former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad"><img alt="Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali, Spouse and wife of Former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Siti_Hasmah_2019.jpg/180px-Siti_Hasmah_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Siti_Hasmah_2019.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="357" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Siti_Hasmah_Mohamad_Ali" title="Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali">Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali</a>, Spouse and wife of Former Malaysian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosmah_Mansor_2010_New_Delhi_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rosmah Mansor, Spouse and wife of Former Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak"><img alt="Rosmah Mansor, Spouse and wife of Former Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Rosmah_Mansor_2010_New_Delhi_%28cropped%29.jpg/196px-Rosmah_Mansor_2010_New_Delhi_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Rosmah_Mansor_2010_New_Delhi_%28cropped%29.jpg/295px-Rosmah_Mansor_2010_New_Delhi_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Rosmah_Mansor_2010_New_Delhi_%28cropped%29.jpg/393px-Rosmah_Mansor_2010_New_Delhi_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="675" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rosmah_Mansor" title="Rosmah Mansor">Rosmah Mansor</a>, Spouse and wife of Former Malaysian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Najib_Razak" title="Najib Razak">Najib Razak</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 126.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 124.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rais_Yatim_cropped_(cropped)_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rais Yatim, 18th President of the Dewan Negara"><img alt="Rais Yatim, 18th President of the Dewan Negara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rais_Yatim_cropped_%28cropped%29_1.jpg/187px-Rais_Yatim_cropped_%28cropped%29_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rais_Yatim_cropped_%28cropped%29_1.jpg/281px-Rais_Yatim_cropped_%28cropped%29_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Rais_Yatim_cropped_%28cropped%29_1.jpg/374px-Rais_Yatim_cropped_%28cropped%29_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2015" data-file-height="2661" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rais_Yatim" title="Rais Yatim">Rais Yatim</a>, 18th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Dewan_Negara" title="President of the Dewan Negara">President of the Dewan Negara</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yuna_-_Bandung_2016_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yuna, Malaysian singer"><img alt="Yuna, Malaysian singer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Yuna_-_Bandung_2016_%28cropped%29.jpg/225px-Yuna_-_Bandung_2016_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Yuna_-_Bandung_2016_%28cropped%29.jpg/338px-Yuna_-_Bandung_2016_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Yuna_-_Bandung_2016_%28cropped%29.jpg/451px-Yuna_-_Bandung_2016_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="812" data-file-height="890" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Yuna_(singer)" title="Yuna (singer)">Yuna</a>, Malaysian singer</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 111.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 109.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Muszaphar_shukor.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, Malaysia's first astronaut"><img alt="Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, Malaysia's first astronaut" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Muszaphar_shukor.jpg/164px-Muszaphar_shukor.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Muszaphar_shukor.jpg/246px-Muszaphar_shukor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Muszaphar_shukor.jpg/328px-Muszaphar_shukor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Muszaphar_Shukor" title="Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor">Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor</a>, Malaysia's first <a href="/wiki/Astronaut" title="Astronaut">astronaut</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minangkabau_ancestry"><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a> ancestry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Minangkabau ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 23em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Aziz_Shamsuddin" title="Abdul Aziz Shamsuddin">Abdul Aziz Shamsuddin</a>, Minister</li> <li>Abdul Aziz Zainal, 14th Commander-in-Chief of the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Armed_Forces" title="Malaysian Armed Forces">Malaysian Armed Forces</a></li> <li>Abdul Rahim Kajai, Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuanku_Abdul_Rahman" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuanku Abdul Rahman">Tuanku Abdul Rahman</a>, The first Malaysian <a href="/wiki/Yang_Dipertuan_Agong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang Dipertuan Agong">Yang Dipertuan Agong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Samad_Idris" title="Abdul Samad Idris">Abdul Samad Idris</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_CD" title="Abdullah CD">Abdullah CD</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_Saidi" title="Adnan Saidi">Adnan Saidi</a>, Malaysian hero</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Boestamam" title="Ahmad Boestamam">Ahmad Boestamam</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aishah_(singer)" title="Aishah (singer)">Aishah</a>, Singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aishah_Ghani" title="Aishah Ghani">Aishah Ghani</a>, Minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amirsham_Abdul_Aziz" title="Amirsham Abdul Aziz">Amirsham Abdul Aziz</a>, Minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antah_of_Negeri_Sembilan" title="Antah of Negeri Sembilan">Yam Tuan Antah</a>, Yang Dipertuan Besar <a href="/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan" title="Negeri Sembilan">Negeri Sembilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aziz_Ishak" title="Aziz Ishak">Aziz Ishak</a>, Minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aznil_Nawawi" title="Aznil Nawawi">Aznil Nawawi</a>, Actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhanuddin_al-Helmy" title="Burhanuddin al-Helmy">Burhanuddin al-Helmy</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dato%27_Bahaman" title="Dato' Bahaman">Dato' Bahaman</a>, Warrior</li> <li>Datuk Jannaton, Businessman</li> <li>Firdaus Abdullah, Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghafar_Baba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghafar Baba">Ghafar Baba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Prime Minister">Deputy Prime Minister</a></li> <li>Ghazali bin Mohd. Yusoff, Businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazali_Shafie" title="Ghazali Shafie">Ghazali Shafie</a>, Malaysian minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamdan_Sheikh_Tahir" title="Hamdan Sheikh Tahir">Hamdan Sheikh Tahir</a>, The Head of State of <a href="/wiki/Penang" title="Penang">Penang</a></li> <li>Hussamuddin Yaacob, Businessman</li> <li>Ibrahim Anon, Cartoonist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_Mohamad_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Ismail Mohamad Ali">Ismail Mohamad Ali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Central_Bank_of_Malaysia" title="Governor of the Central Bank of Malaysia">Governor of the Central Bank of Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ja%27afar_of_Negeri_Sembilan" title="Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan">Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan</a>, The tenth <a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Yang di-Pertuan Agong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamarudin_Meranun" title="Kamarudin Meranun">Kamarudin Meranun</a>, Businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khairy_Jamaluddin" title="Khairy Jamaluddin">Khairy Jamaluddin</a>, Minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatijah_Sidek" class="mw-redirect" title="Khatijah Sidek">Khatijah Sidek</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Mahathir" title="Marina Mahathir">Marina Mahathir</a>, Novelist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melewar_of_Negeri_Sembilan" title="Melewar of Negeri Sembilan">Melewar of Negeri Sembilan</a>, The first <i><a href="/wiki/Yamtuan_Besar" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamtuan Besar">Yamtuan Besar</a></i> (equivalent to King) of <a href="/wiki/Negri_Sembilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Negri Sembilan">Negri Sembilan</a></li> <li>Mohammad Bakri Omar, 6th <a href="/wiki/Royal_Malaysia_Police" title="Royal Malaysia Police">Malaysia Police Chief</a></li> <li>Mohamed Hashim Mohamad Ali, 7th Commander-in-Chief of the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Armed_Forces" title="Malaysian Armed Forces">Malaysian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Taib_bin_Haji_Abdul_Samad" title="Mohamed Taib bin Haji Abdul Samad">Mohamed Taib bin Haji Abdul Samad</a>, Businessman</li> <li>Muhammad Saleh Al-Minankabawi, Mufti</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujahid_Yusof_Rawa" title="Mujahid Yusof Rawa">Mujahid Yusof Rawa</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukhriz_Mahathir" title="Mukhriz Mahathir">Mukhriz Mahathir</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SM_Nasimuddin_SM_Amin" title="SM Nasimuddin SM Amin">Nasimuddin Amin</a>, Businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siti_Norma_Yaakob" title="Siti Norma Yaakob">Norma Yaakob</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_Judge_of_Malaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Judge of Malaya">Chief Judge of Malaysia</a></li> <li>Osman Gumanti, Actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashid_Maidin" title="Rashid Maidin">Rashid Maidin</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razali_Ismail" title="Razali Ismail">Razali Ismail</a>, Diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosmah_Mansor" title="Rosmah Mansor">Rosmah Mansor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spouse_of_the_prime_minister_of_Malaysia" title="Spouse of the prime minister of Malaysia">First lady of Malaysia</a></li> <li>Rosnani Jamil, Film producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Sani" title="Rustam Sani">Rustam Abdullah Sani</a>, Sociology</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saiful_Bahri" title="Saiful Bahri">Saiful Bahri</a>, Composer of the Malaysian National Anthem, <a href="/wiki/Negaraku" title="Negaraku">Negaraku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamsiah_Fakeh" title="Shamsiah Fakeh">Shamsiah Fakeh</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaziman_Abu_Mansor" title="Shaziman Abu Mansor">Shaziman Abu Mansor</a>, Minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Muszaphar_Shukor" title="Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor">Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor</a>, Malaysian first astronaut<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siti_Hasmah_Mohamad_Ali" title="Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali">Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spouse_of_the_prime_minister_of_Malaysia" title="Spouse of the prime minister of Malaysia">First lady of Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahir_bin_Jalaluddin" title="Tahir bin Jalaluddin">Tahir bin Jalaluddin</a>, Islamic scholar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunku_Abdullah" title="Tunku Abdullah">Tunku Abdullah</a>, Businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunku_Imran" title="Tunku Imran">Tunku Imran</a>, Businessman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunku_Naquiyuddin" title="Tunku Naquiyuddin">Tunku Naquiyuddin</a>, Businessman</li> <li>Utsman bin Abdullah, Muslim ulama</li> <li>U-Wei bin Haji Saari, Film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusof_Rawa" title="Yusof Rawa">Yusof Rawa</a>, Politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zainal_Abidin_Ahmad_(writer)" title="Zainal Abidin Ahmad (writer)">Zainal Abidin bin Ahmad</a>, Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahrain_Mohamed_Hashim" title="Zahrain Mohamed Hashim">Zahrain Mohamed Hashim</a>, Diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohd_Zaquan_Adha_Abdul_Radzak" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohd Zaquan Adha Abdul Radzak">Zaquan Adha Abdul Radzak</a>, Football player</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bugis_ancestry"><a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> ancestry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bugis ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 23em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakar_of_Johor" title="Abu Bakar of Johor">Abu Bakar of Johor</a>, the 21st sultan of the <a href="/wiki/Johor_Sultanate" title="Johor Sultanate">Johor Sultanate</a> in Malaysia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27mun_Sulaiman" title="Ma'mun Sulaiman">Ma'mun Sulaiman</a>, Politician.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin" title="Muhyiddin Yassin">Muhyiddin Yassin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia">Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Najib_Razak" title="Najib Razak">Najib Razak</a>, 6th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Prime Minister of Malaysia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazir_Razak" title="Nazir Razak">Nazir Razak</a>, Banker.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Razak_Hussein" title="Abdul Razak Hussein">Abdul Razak Hussein</a>, 2nd <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Prime Minister of Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Lumu" class="mw-redirect" title="Raja Lumu">Sultan Salehuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Daeng Chelak</a>, the 1st sultan of the <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Selangor" title="Sultan of Selangor">Sultan of Selangor</a> in Malaysia.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziana_Zain" title="Ziana Zain">Ziana Zain</a>, Malaysian singer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daeng_Sanusi_Daeng_Mariok" title="Daeng Sanusi Daeng Mariok">Daeng Sanusi Daeng Mariok</a>, Malaysian Politician.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_Muhammad_Suryandy_Bandy" class="mw-redirect" title="Andi Muhammad Suryandy Bandy">Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy</a>, Sabah State Assistant Minister of Youth and Sports.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Surihani" title="Lisa Surihani">Lisa Surihani</a>, Malaysian actress, model, television host and commercial model.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuna_(singer)" title="Yuna (singer)">Yuna</a>, Malaysian singer-songwriter</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Javanese_ancestry"><a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> ancestry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Javanese ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Herman Tino, <a href="/wiki/Dangdut" title="Dangdut">Dangdut</a> singer</li> <li>Wak Doyok, Model and artist</li> <li>Djamal Tukimin, Writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Zahid_Hamidi" title="Ahmad Zahid Hamidi">Ahmad Zahid Hamidi</a>, Minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin" title="Muhyiddin Yassin">Muhyiddin Yassin</a>, 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahruddin_Jamal" title="Sahruddin Jamal">Sahruddin Jamal</a>, Former <a href="/wiki/Menteri_Besar_of_Johor" title="Menteri Besar of Johor">First Minister of Johor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aziz_Sattar" title="Aziz Sattar">Aziz Sattar</a>, Actor</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Banjarese_ancestry"><a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjarese</a> ancestry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Banjarese ancestry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 23em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Khaled_Nordin" title="Mohamed Khaled Nordin">Mohamed Khaled Nordin</a>, 15th <a href="/wiki/Menteri_Besar_of_Johor" title="Menteri Besar of Johor">First Minister of Johor</a> and Member of the Supreme Council of <a href="/wiki/UMNO" title="UMNO">UMNO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Latiff_Ahmad" title="Abdul Latiff Ahmad">Abdul Latiff Ahmad</a>, Former Deputy Minister of Defense and Member of Parliament</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Husni_Hanadzlah" title="Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah">Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah</a>, Former Minister of Finance II and Member of Parliament for Tambun-<a href="/wiki/Barisan_Nasional" title="Barisan Nasional">BN</a>/UMNO</li> <li>Hassan Bin Shukri, Former Senator, Member of the Senate, and Former Deputy President of <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Islamic_Party" title="Malaysian Islamic Party">PAS</a></li> <li>Sabran Bin Asmawi, Former member of parliament</li> <li>Hassan Adli Bin Mohd Arsyad, Former Minister of Local Government and Federal Territories-BN-PAS, Former Deputy President of PAS</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohd_Puad_Zarkashi" title="Mohd Puad Zarkashi">Mohd Puad Zarkashi</a>, Former Deputy Minister of Education and Member of Parliament for Batu Pahat-BN/UMNO</li> <li>Badrianshah Mohd Hamdi, Member of Parliament for Lembah Pantai (Sabah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmah_Ismail" class="mw-redirect" title="Salmah Ismail">Saloma</a>, Singer and actress.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarimah_Ibrahim" title="Sarimah Ibrahim">Sarimah Ibrahim</a>, Actress, television host and radio announcer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamal_Abdillah" title="Jamal Abdillah">Jamal Abdillah</a>, Singer and actor.</li> <li>Ramly Bin Mokni, Founder <a href="/wiki/Ramly_Group" title="Ramly Group">Ramly Burger</a></li> <li>Nordin Bin Kadri, Academic figures</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahim_Mohd_Noor" title="Abdul Rahim Mohd Noor">Abdul Rahim Mohd Noor</a>, Police Chief 1994-1999</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_Hassan" title="Musa Hassan">Musa Hassan</a>, Police Chief 2006-2010</li> <li>Aliff Shukri Kamaruzzaman, Entrepreneur and singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarimah_Ibrahim" title="Sarimah Ibrahim">Sarimah Ibrahim</a>, Artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalaluddin_Hassan" title="Jalaluddin Hassan">Jalaluddin Hassan</a>, Actor and television host</li> <li>Mubarak Majid, Actor</li> <li>Shuib Sepahtu, Artist</li> <li>Zack Idris, Actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamal_Abdillah" title="Jamal Abdillah">Jamal Abdillah</a>, Pop singer and actor</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Indonesia–Malaysia relations">Indonesia–Malaysia relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_Indonesians" title="Native Indonesians">Native Indonesians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Malaysia" title="Demographics of Malaysia">Demographics of Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_citizens_in_Malaysia" title="Indonesian citizens in Malaysia">Indonesian citizens in Malaysia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaysians_of_Indonesian_descent&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Migration-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Migration_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFClarkPietsch2014" class="citation book cs1">Clark, Marshall; Pietsch, Juliet (18 March 2014). <i>Indonesia-Malaysia Relations: Cultural Heritage, Politics and Labour Migration (Media, Culture and Social Change in Asia Series)</i>. Routledge. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415687-52-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415687-52-2"><bdi>978-0-415687-52-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indonesia-Malaysia+Relations%3A+Cultural+Heritage%2C+Politics+and+Labour+Migration+%28Media%2C+Culture+and+Social+Change+in+Asia+Series%29&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-03-18&rft.isbn=978-0-415687-52-2&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Marshall&rft.au=Pietsch%2C+Juliet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGulrose_Karim1990" class="citation book cs1">Gulrose Karim (1990). <i>Information Malaysia 1990–91 Yearbook</i>. Kuala Lumpur: Berita Publishing Sdn. 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Or can you 'become' one in Malaysia?"</a>. <i>Malay Mail</i>. 2017-07-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Malay+Mail&rft.atitle=Bumiputera%3A+Are+you+one%3F+Or+can+you+%27become%27+one+in+Malaysia%3F&rft.date=2017-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaymail.com%2Fnews%2Fmalaysia%2F2017%2F07%2F26%2Fbumiputera-are-you-one-or-can-you-become-one-in-malaysia%2F1429005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-46468188">"Ketika warga Malaysia keturunan Mandailing ramai-ramai 'pulang kampung' ke Indonesia"</a>. <i>BBC Indonesia</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Indonesia&rft.atitle=Ketika+warga+Malaysia+keturunan+Mandailing+ramai-ramai+%27pulang+kampung%27+ke+Indonesia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Findonesia%2Findonesia-46468188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuad_JosephAfsaneh_Najmabadi2006" class="citation book cs1">Suad Joseph; Afsaneh Najmabadi (2006). <i>Economics, Education, Mobility And Space (Encyclopedia of women & Islamic cultures)</i>. 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href="https://www.viva.co.id/berita/nasional/88253-indonesia-malaysia-serumpun-beda-nasib">"Indonesia-Malaysia, Serumpun Beda Nasib"</a>. <i>VIVA</i>. 7 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VIVA&rft.atitle=Indonesia-Malaysia%2C+Serumpun+Beda+Nasib&rft.date=2009-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.viva.co.id%2Fberita%2Fnasional%2F88253-indonesia-malaysia-serumpun-beda-nasib&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeguh_Gunung_Anggun" class="citation web cs1">Teguh Gunung Anggun. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sumbarprov.go.id/home/news/9400-orang-orang-minang-berpengaruh-di-kancah-dunia">"Orang-Orang Minang Berpengaruh di Kancah Dunia"</a>. <i>Sumbarprov</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sumbarprov&rft.atitle=Orang-Orang+Minang+Berpengaruh+di+Kancah+Dunia&rft.au=Teguh+Gunung+Anggun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsumbarprov.go.id%2Fhome%2Fnews%2F9400-orang-orang-minang-berpengaruh-di-kancah-dunia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA.Syalaby_Ichsan" class="citation web cs1">A.Syalaby Ichsan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/umum/13/09/03/msibrj-banyak-orang-indonesia-jadi-menteri-di-malaysia">"Banyak Orang Indonesia Jadi Menteri di Malaysia"</a>. <i>Republika</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Republika&rft.atitle=Banyak+Orang+Indonesia+Jadi+Menteri+di+Malaysia&rft.au=A.Syalaby+Ichsan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republika.co.id%2Fberita%2Fnasional%2Fumum%2F13%2F09%2F03%2Fmsibrj-banyak-orang-indonesia-jadi-menteri-di-malaysia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaris_Barak2020" class="citation web cs1">Haris Barak (March 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.liputan6.com/global/read/4191036/pengakuan-pm-malaysia-muhyiddin-yassin-bapak-bugis-ibu-jawa">"Pengakuan PM Malaysia Muhyiddin Yassin: Bapak Bugis, Ibu Jawa"</a>. <i>Liputan6</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Liputan6&rft.atitle=Pengakuan+PM+Malaysia+Muhyiddin+Yassin%3A+Bapak+Bugis%2C+Ibu+Jawa&rft.date=2020-03&rft.au=Haris+Barak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.liputan6.com%2Fglobal%2Fread%2F4191036%2Fpengakuan-pm-malaysia-muhyiddin-yassin-bapak-bugis-ibu-jawa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hs-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hs_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hs_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoseph_Chinyong_Liow2005" class="citation book cs1">Joseph Chinyong Liow (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://inspirasi.co/books/1374162889.pdf"><i>The Politics of Indonesia–Malaysia Relations – Kinship and Indo-Malay historiography (Kinship and the pre-colonial regional system)</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Selangor. 2016</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBustami2015" class="citation journal cs1">Bustami, Abubakar (August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.ar-raniry.ac.id/id/eprint/1415/">"Sejarah dan Pola Migrasi Masyarakat Aceh ke Yan Kedah"</a>. <i>Adabiya</i>. <b>17</b> (33): 70–87.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Adabiya&rft.atitle=Sejarah+dan+Pola+Migrasi+Masyarakat+Aceh+ke+Yan+Kedah&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=33&rft.pages=70-87&rft.date=2015-08&rft.aulast=Bustami&rft.aufirst=Abubakar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepository.ar-raniry.ac.id%2Fid%2Feprint%2F1415%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.antaranews.com/berita/393627/banyak-menteri-di-malaysia-keturunan-indonesia">"Banyak Menteri di Malaysia keturunan Indonesia"</a>. 2 September 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Banyak+Menteri+di+Malaysia+keturunan+Indonesia&rft.date=2013-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.antaranews.com%2Fberita%2F393627%2Fbanyak-menteri-di-malaysia-keturunan-indonesia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kumparan.com/ali-murtado1550498424284868859/p-ramlee-seniman-jenius-keturunan-indonesia-yang-terpinggirkan-1553259987069938513">"P. Ramlee: Seniman Jenius Keturunan Indonesia yang Terpinggirkan"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=P.+Ramlee%3A+Seniman+Jenius+Keturunan+Indonesia+yang+Terpinggirkan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkumparan.com%2Fali-murtado1550498424284868859%2Fp-ramlee-seniman-jenius-keturunan-indonesia-yang-terpinggirkan-1553259987069938513&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techno.okezone.com/amp/2007/12/15/56/68525/astronot-malaysia-itu-ternyata-urang-awak">"Astronot Malaysia Itu Ternyata Urang Awak"</a>, <i>okezone</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=okezone&rft.atitle=Astronot+Malaysia+Itu+Ternyata+Urang+Awak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechno.okezone.com%2Famp%2F2007%2F12%2F15%2F56%2F68525%2Fastronot-malaysia-itu-ternyata-urang-awak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMalaysians+of+Indonesian+descent" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Malaysia" title="Template:Ethnic groups in Malaysia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ethnic_groups_in_Malaysia" title="Template talk:Ethnic groups in Malaysia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic_groups_in_Malaysia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ethnic groups in Malaysia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ethnic_groups_in_Malaysia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic groups in Malaysia">Ethnic groups in Malaysia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Malaysians" title="Malaysians">Malaysians</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><i><a href="/wiki/Bumiputera_(Malaysia)" title="Bumiputera (Malaysia)">Bumiputera</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Malays" title="Malaysian Malays">Malay</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Malay_people" title="List of Malay people">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><i>Anak Jati</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johorean_Malay_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Johorean Malay people">Johorean Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedahan_Malays" title="Kedahan Malays">Kedahan Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelantanese_Malays" title="Kelantanese Malays">Kelantanese Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaccan_Malay_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaccan Malay people">Malaccan Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Malays#Sub-ethnic_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic Malays">Negeri Sembilanese Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedahan_Malays" title="Kedahan Malays">Penangite Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perakian_Malays" title="Perakian Malays">Perakian Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedahan_Malay_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Kedahan Malay people">Perlisan Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahang_Malays" title="Pahang Malays">Pahang Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selangorian_Malay_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Selangorian Malay people">Selangorian Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terengganuan_Malays" title="Terengganuan Malays">Terengganuan Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruneian_Malays" title="Bruneian Malays">Bruneian Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedayan" title="Kedayan">Kedayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawakian_Malay_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawakian Malay people">Sarawakian Malay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><i>Anak Dagang</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_Malays" title="Cocos Malays">Cocos Malays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island Malays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chams" title="Chams">Chams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjarese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak" title="Batak">Batak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mandailing_people" title="Mandailing people">Mandailing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugis" title="Bugis">Bugis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bugis-Malay" title="Bugis-Malay">Bugis-Malay</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_Malaysians" title="Javanese Malaysians">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bawean_people" title="Bawean people">Baweanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassar_people" title="Makassar people">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_Malaysians" title="Minangkabau Malaysians">Minangkabau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerinci_people" title="Kerinci people">Kerinci</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ocu_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ocu people (page does not exist)">Ocu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawa_(tribe)" title="Rawa (tribe)">Rawa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_Malays" title="Burmese Malays">Burmese Malays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Malays" title="Thai Malays">Patani Malays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Siamese" title="Malaysian Siamese">Siamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Orang_Asal" title="Orang Asal">Orang Asal</a><br />(Other<br />Indigenous peoples)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Orang_Asli" title="Orang Asli">Peninsular<br />Malaysia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Malay" title="Proto-Malay">Proto-Malay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jakun_people" title="Jakun people">Jakun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Kanaq" title="Orang Kanaq">Orang Kanaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Laut" title="Orang Laut">Orang Laut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Kuala" title="Orang Kuala">Orang Kuala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Seletar" title="Orang Seletar">Orang Seletar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semelai_people" title="Semelai people">Semelai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temoq_people" title="Temoq people">Temoq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temuan_people" title="Temuan people">Temuan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semang" title="Semang">Semang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batek_people" title="Batek people">Batek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanoh_people" title="Lanoh people">Lanoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahai_people" title="Jahai people">Jahai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kensiu">Kensiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kintaq" class="mw-redirect" title="Kintaq">Kintaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mendriq" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendriq">Mendriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mintil" class="mw-redirect" title="Mintil">Mintil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mos_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mos language">Mos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senoi" title="Senoi">Senoi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semai_people" title="Semai people">Semai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mah_Meri_people" title="Mah Meri people">Mah Meri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheq_Wong_people" title="Cheq Wong people">Cheq Wong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temiar_people" title="Temiar people">Temiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jah_Hut_people" title="Jah Hut people">Jah Hut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semaq_Beri_people" title="Semaq Beri people">Semaq Beri</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bidayuh" title="Bidayuh">Bidayuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukitan_people" title="Bukitan people">Bukitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iban_people" title="Iban people">Iban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selako_people" title="Selako people">Selako</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Ulu" title="Orang Ulu">Orang Ulu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kayan_people_(Borneo)" title="Kayan people (Borneo)">Kayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelabit_people" title="Kelabit people">Kelabit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyah_people" title="Kenyah people">Kenyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lun_Bawang" title="Lun Bawang">Lun Bawang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penan_people" title="Penan people">Penan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punan_Bah" title="Punan Bah">Punan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%27ban_people" title="Sa'ban people">Sa'ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukit_people" title="Ukit people">Ukit</a></li></ul></li> <li>Others <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bisaya_(Borneo)" title="Bisaya (Borneo)">Bisaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanau_people" title="Melanau people">Melanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriek_people" title="Miriek people">Miriek</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kadazan-Dusun" title="Kadazan-Dusun">Kadazan-Dusun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kadazan_people" title="Kadazan people">Kadazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusun_people" title="Dusun people">Dusun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwijau" title="Kwijau">Kwijau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotud" title="Lotud">Lotud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangka%27ak" title="Mangka'ak">Mangka'ak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maragang" title="Maragang">Maragang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minokok" title="Minokok">Minokok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumanau_people" title="Rumanau people">Rumanau</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisaya_(Borneo)" title="Bisaya (Borneo)">Bisaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Ida'an">Ida'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranun_people" title="Iranun people">Illanun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lun_Bawang" title="Lun Bawang">Lun Bawang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murut_people" title="Murut people">Murut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Sungai" title="Orang Sungai">Orang Sungai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dumpas" title="Dumpas">Dumpas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambanuo_people" title="Tambanuo people">Tambanuo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rungus_people" title="Rungus people">Rungus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Sama-Bajau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taus%C5%ABg_people" title="Tausūg people">Suluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tidung_people" title="Tidung people">Tidong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Peranakan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Malaysians" title="Arab Malaysians">Peranakan Arab</a></li> <li>Peranakan Eropah (including <a href="/wiki/Kristang_people" title="Kristang people">Kristang</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawi_Peranakan" title="Jawi Peranakan">Jawi Peranakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Siamese" title="Malaysian Siamese">Peranakan Siam</a> (Sam-Sam)</li> <li>Peranakan Turki</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese" title="Malaysian Chinese">Chinese</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Malaysians_of_Chinese_descent" title="List of Malaysians of Chinese descent">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hoklo_people" title="Hoklo people">Hokkien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_people" title="Cantonese people">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakka_people" title="Hakka people">Hakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_people" title="Hainan people">Hainanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teochew_people" title="Teochew people">Teochew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_people" title="Fuzhou people">Foochow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putian_people" title="Putian people">Henghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penangite" class="mw-redirect" title="Penangite">Penangite</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Peranakan" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Peranakan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peranakan_Chinese" title="Peranakan Chinese">Peranakan Chinese</a> (Baba-Nyonya)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Native" title="Sino-Native">Sino-Native</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Indians" title="Malaysian Indians">Indian</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Malaysians_of_Indian_descent" title="List of Malaysians of Indian descent">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_Malaysian" class="mw-redirect" title="Gujarati Malaysian">Gujarati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysians_of_Indian_descent_in_Penang" title="Malaysians of Indian descent in Penang">Penangite Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_Malaysians" title="Punjabi Malaysians">Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Malayali" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Malayali">Malayali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysians_of_Indian_descent_in_Sabah" title="Malaysians of Indian descent in Sabah">Indians in Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysians_of_Indian_descent_in_Sarawak" title="Malaysians of Indian descent in Sarawak">Indians in Sarawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankans_in_Malaysia" title="Sri Lankans in Malaysia">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Malaysians" title="Tamil Malaysians">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Telugu" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Telugu">Telugu</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Peranakan" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Peranakan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Chitty" title="Chitty">Peranakan Chitty</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Mixed ancestry<br />(non-Peranakan)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chindians#Malaysia" title="Chindians">Chindians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Malaysia" title="Immigration to Malaysia">Foreign ethnicities<br />/expatriates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Malaysia" title="Africans in Malaysia">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Malaysians" title="Arab Malaysians">Arab</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hadhrami_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadhrami people">Hadhrami</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis_in_Malaysia" title="Bangladeshis in Malaysia">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_in_Malaysia" title="Burmese in Malaysia">Burmese</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rohingya_people" title="Rohingya people">Rohingya</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese#Malaysia" title="Overseas Chinese">China/Taiwan Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timorese_in_Malaysia" title="Timorese in Malaysia">East Timorese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Malaysia" title="Filipinos in Malaysia">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_diaspora" title="Indian diaspora">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Malaysians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian Malaysians">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranians_in_Malaysia" title="Iranians in Malaysia">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_migration_to_Malaysia" title="Japanese migration to Malaysia">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Malaysia" title="History of the Jews in Malaysia">Jewish</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Malaysia" title="Koreans in Malaysia">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_people_in_Malaysia" title="Nepalese people in Malaysia">Nepali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_Malaysia" title="Pakistanis in Malaysia">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporeans_in_Malaysia" title="Singaporeans in Malaysia">Singaporeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Siamese" title="Malaysian Siamese">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_people_in_Malaysia" title="Vietnamese people in Malaysia">Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Overseas_Indonesians" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indonesian_diaspora" title="Template:Indonesian diaspora"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indonesian_diaspora" title="Template talk:Indonesian diaspora"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indonesian_diaspora" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indonesian diaspora"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Overseas_Indonesians" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Indonesians" title="Overseas Indonesians">Overseas Indonesians</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malays_in_Egypt" title="Malays in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Malagasy people">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Malays" title="Cape Malays">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National emblem of Indonesia"><img alt="National emblem of Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg/80px-National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg/120px-National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg/160px-National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imigra%C3%A7%C3%A3o_indon%C3%A9sia_no_Brasil" class="extiw" title="pt:Imigração indonésia no Brasil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Canadians" title="Indonesian Canadians">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_French_Guianans" title="Javanese French Guianans">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_Surinamese" title="Javanese Surinamese">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Americans" title="Indonesian Americans">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_Hong_Kong" title="Indonesians in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_Japan" title="Indonesians in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesians in Malaysia">Malaysia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Malaysians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian Malaysians">Malaysians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_Pakistan" title="Indonesians in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_the_Philippines" title="Indonesians in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Indonesians in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Singaporeans#Ethnic_composition_of_Malay_population_1931–1990" title="Malay Singaporeans">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_South_Korea" title="Indonesians in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Malays" title="Sri Lankan Malays">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_Taiwan" title="Indonesians in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesians_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Indonesians in the 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