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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Treadwear" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treadwear"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Treadwear</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Treadwear-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Methodology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Methodology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Methodology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Methodology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relation_to_friction_coefficient" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relation_to_friction_coefficient"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Relation to friction coefficient</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relation_to_friction_coefficient-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Limitations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Limitations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Limitations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Limitations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Traction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Temperature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Temperature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Temperature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Temperature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 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from <a href="/w/index.php?title=UTQG&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="UTQG">UTQG</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Standards for passenger car tires</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UTQG_ratings_on_Japanese_Tire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/UTQG_ratings_on_Japanese_Tire.jpg/220px-UTQG_ratings_on_Japanese_Tire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/UTQG_ratings_on_Japanese_Tire.jpg/330px-UTQG_ratings_on_Japanese_Tire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/UTQG_ratings_on_Japanese_Tire.jpg/440px-UTQG_ratings_on_Japanese_Tire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>UTQG ratings on sidewall of <a href="/wiki/Toyo_Tire_%26_Rubber_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyo Tire & Rubber Company">Toyo Tires</a> Proxes R39 tire</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UTQG_ratings_on_tire.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/UTQG_ratings_on_tire.jpg/220px-UTQG_ratings_on_tire.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/UTQG_ratings_on_tire.jpg/330px-UTQG_ratings_on_tire.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/70/UTQG_ratings_on_tire.jpg/440px-UTQG_ratings_on_tire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2340" /></a><figcaption>UTQG ratings (top) and <a href="/wiki/Tire_code" title="Tire code">tire code</a> (bottom) on sidewall of <a href="/wiki/Continental_AG" title="Continental AG">Continental</a> ContiProContact tire</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Uniform Tire Quality Grading</b>, commonly abbreviated as <b>UTQG</b>, is a set of standards for passenger car <a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">tires</a> that measures a tire's <a href="/wiki/Wear#Abrasive_wear" title="Wear">treadwear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thermal_diffusivity" title="Thermal diffusivity">temperature resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Traction_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Traction (engineering)">traction</a>. The UTQG was created by the <a href="/wiki/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration" title="National Highway Traffic Safety Administration">National Highway Traffic Safety Administration</a> in 1978, a branch of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Transportation" title="United States Department of Transportation">United States Department of Transportation</a> (DOT).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All passenger car tires manufactured for sale in the United States since March 31, 1979 are federally mandated to have the UTQG ratings on their sidewall as part of the DOT approval process, in which non-DOT approved tires are not legal for street use in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-RPN_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RPN-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Light truck tires are not required to have a UTQG. It is not to be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Tire_code" title="Tire code">tire code</a>, a supplemental and global standard measuring tire dimensions, load-bearing ability and maximum speed, maintained by tire industry trade organizations and the <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">International Organization for Standardization</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration" title="National Highway Traffic Safety Administration">National Highway Traffic Safety Administration</a> (NHTSA) established the Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards (UTQGS) in 49 CFR 575.104.<sup id="cite_ref-Cornell_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cornell-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When looking at UTQG ratings it is important to realize that the Department of Transportation does not conduct the tests. The grades are assigned by the tire manufacturers based on their test results or those conducted by an independent testing company they have hired. The NHTSA has the right to inspect tire manufacturers' data, and can fine them if inconsistencies are found. </p><p>The NHTSA published DOT HS 812 325 “Consumer Guide to Uniform Tire Quality Grading” August 2016, which provides rating information.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dedicated winter tires, also known as snow tires, are not required to have a UTQG rating.<sup id="cite_ref-Consumer_Reports_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Consumer_Reports-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Non-passenger car tires, such as those for <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle" title="Motorcycle">motorcycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">buses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Truck#Medium_trucks" title="Truck">medium trucks</a> and above along with <a href="/wiki/Trailer_(vehicle)" title="Trailer (vehicle)">trailers</a> are also not required to have a UTQG rating, although <a href="/wiki/FMVSS" class="mw-redirect" title="FMVSS">FMVSS</a> Standard 109 requires the following to be listed on the tire's sidewall: speed restriction if less than 55 mph, regroovable if designed for regrooving, and a letter designating load range rating.<sup id="cite_ref-NHTSA_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHTSA-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Components">Components</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The UTQG rating is made up of three components, treadwear, traction and temperature. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Treadwear">Treadwear</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Treadwear"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test track. A tire graded 200 would last twice the distance on the government test course under specified test conditions as one graded 100. In theory, this means that a tire with a 200 grade will wear twice the distance as a tire with a 100 grade. However, tire manufacturers are not under any obligation to grade a tire based on the test results, except to say that they cannot overstate the grade. This is enforced by NHTSA requiring documentation to justify any assignment of a grade on a tire, "These treadwear grades are no guarantee of actual tire mileage; differences in driving habits, service practices, climate, and road characteristics will affect a tire's longevity." </p><p>As Course Monitoring Tires have changed, their treadwear grades have changed to numbers considerably higher than 100. As a result, it would be incorrect to say that a tire with a treadwear grade of 200 gets twice the life of the Course Monitoring Tire. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Methodology">Methodology</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Methodology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The wear on tires that are being tested ("candidate tires") is compared to the wear of Course Monitoring Tires (CMT), which are sold by the NHTSA at its UTQG test facility in <a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo, Texas</a>. Both types of tires are mounted on vehicles that will be driven in a <a href="/wiki/Convoy" title="Convoy">convoy</a> during the test, thus ensuring that the candidate tires and the CMT tires experience the same road conditions. The convoy, typically comprising four or fewer vehicles, will drive 7200 miles on <a href="/wiki/Public_roads" class="mw-redirect" title="Public roads">public roads</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Texas" title="West Texas">West Texas</a>. Candidate tire wear will be checked during and after the test, and compared to the wear on the CMT tires from the same convoy. </p><p>The first CMTs were commercially-available Goodyear Custom Steelguards, and <a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Tire_and_Rubber_Company" title="Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company">Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company</a> produced all CMT tires from 1975 until 1984. From 1984 to 1991, the CMT tires were produced by <a href="/wiki/Uniroyal" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniroyal">Uniroyal</a>. CMT tires are now "specially designed and built to <a href="/wiki/ASTM_International" title="ASTM International">American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)</a> standard E1136 to have particularly narrow limits of variability." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-05-24/html/00-12873.htm">1</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Relation_to_friction_coefficient">Relation to friction coefficient</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Relation to friction coefficient"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A study has shown a statistical relationship between the average <a href="/wiki/Coefficient_of_friction" class="mw-redirect" title="Coefficient of friction">friction coefficient</a> (μ) and the treadwear rating of tires tested. This relationship can be represented by the following formula:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mu ={\frac {2.25}{TW^{0.15}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>2.25</mn> <mrow> <mi>T</mi> <msup> <mi>W</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0.15</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mu ={\frac {2.25}{TW^{0.15}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/33e779f627ce4050e91f1849c7709f9720924eb5" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:12.636ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mu ={\frac {2.25}{TW^{0.15}}}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>Generally speaking, a lower treadwear rating correlates with a higher friction coefficient and thus provides a shorter <a href="/wiki/Braking_distance" title="Braking distance">braking distance</a>. A softer, more sticky tire, wears off its material faster to provide this performance. </p><p>However, this is an average rule, and for the same friction coefficient, the curve in this study shows large variations in treadwear rating, which decrease the significance of this relationship. Thus, depending on production method and tire model, the quality of rubber (thanks to certain additives) can multiply the treadwear rating by more than 3 without lessening the friction coefficient. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Limitations">Limitations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Limitations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The treadwear grade is a ratio and not a mileage. This is because multiple factors determine treadwear rates and most of them are a function of driving conditions and operating environment, and not the tire itself. As a result, actual tire wear will vary considerably within the same tire line. However, two tires with exactly the same compound should have a treadwear rating that varies in accordance with tread depth. </p><p>The assigning of UTQG grades is done solely by the tire manufacturer. In many cases, this has resulted in the UTQG grading system to be more of a marketing tool than was originally intended. </p><p>It is legal and permissible for a tire manufacturer to give a particular tire line a lower treadwear grade. For example, if the highest treadwear grade in a manufacturer's lineup is 600, then a tire line with a lower treadwear test result might receive a grade of 400, instead of the 480 it could possibly receive. </p><p>Also, it is common for tires whose treadwear grade is of little commercial value, such as racing tires, to be assigned extremely low values - sometimes even zero. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traction">Traction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Traction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C. They represent the tire's ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. The testing does not take into account cornering, hydroplaning, acceleration or stopping on a dry surface. Nor does it account for the significantly different effectiveness of ABS versus non-ABS braking systems on a tire's stopping distance. </p><p>The UTQGS traction test procedure measures a tire's coefficient of friction when it is tested on wet asphalt and concrete surfaces. The test tire is installed on an instrumented axle of a traction trailer, which is towed by a truck at 40 miles per hour (mph) over wet asphalt and concrete surfaces. The tow truck is equipped with an on-board water supply system that sprays water in front of the test tire. The brakes, from the test tire only, are momentarily locked, and sensors on the axle measure the longitudinal and vertical forces as it slides in a straight line. The coefficient of friction for the pair, test tire and surface, is then determined as the ratio of the longitudinal and vertical forces. </p><p>The UTQGS traction rating procedure specifies that the traction coefficients for asphalt and for concrete are to be calculated using the locked-wheel traction coefficient on the tire, or sliding coefficient of friction. More specifically, upon application of the brakes, the tire is subjected to shear between the wheel and the road surface, and deforms towards the rear of the vehicle. This generates a traction force to oppose the motion of the vehicle. As braking torque increases, the tire deforms more and tread elements near the rear of the contact patch with the road begin to slip rather than grip. The coefficient of friction rapidly reaches a maximum value at about 10-20 percent slip, and then declines as the longitudinal slip values increase to 100 percent, which represents a fully locked tire. The maximum coefficient of friction in the 0-100 percent slip range is termed "peak" coefficient of friction, and the lower coefficient value for the fully locked tire is termed "slide" coefficient of friction.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%; text-align:center;"> <caption>Traction Grades </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Grade </th> <th>Asphalt g force </th> <th>Concrete g force </th></tr> <tr> <td>AA</td> <td>Above 0.54</td> <td>0.38 </td></tr> <tr> <td>A</td> <td>Above 0.47</td> <td>0.35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>B</td> <td>Above 0.38</td> <td>0.26 </td></tr> <tr> <td>C</td> <td>Less Than 0.38</td> <td>0.26 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Temperature">Temperature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Temperature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The temperature grades, from highest to lowest, are A, B and C. These represent the tire's resistance to the generation of heat at speed. Tires graded A effectively dissipate heat up to a maximum speed that is greater than 115 mph. B rates at a maximum between 100 mph and 115 mph. C rates at a maximum of between 85 mph to 100 mph. Tires that cannot grade up to C or higher cannot be sold in the US.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_code" title="Tire code">Tire code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel_sizing" title="Wheel sizing">Wheel sizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Tyre_and_Rim_Technical_Organisation" title="European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation">European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyre_label" title="Tyre label">Tyre Label</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tirereview.com/the-grand-history-and-evolution-of-utqg-part-ii/">"The Grand History and Evolution of UTQG – Part II"</a>. January 28, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Grand+History+and+Evolution+of+UTQG+%E2%80%93+Part+II&rft.date=2011-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tirereview.com%2Fthe-grand-history-and-evolution-of-utqg-part-ii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniform+Tire+Quality+Grading" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RPN-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RPN_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rubbernews.com/article/19960812/ISSUE/308129953/utog-chronology">"UTOG CHRONOLOGY"</a>. <i>Rubber & Plastics News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rubber+%26+Plastics+News&rft.atitle=UTOG+CHRONOLOGY&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rubbernews.com%2Farticle%2F19960812%2FISSUE%2F308129953%2Futog-chronology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniform+Tire+Quality+Grading" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cornell-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cornell_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/49/575.104">"49 CFR 575.104 - Uniform tire quality grading standards"</a>. <i>Cornell University Law School</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cornell+University+Law+School&rft.atitle=49+CFR+575.104+-+Uniform+tire+quality+grading+standards.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.cornell.edu%2Fcfr%2Ftext%2F49%2F575.104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniform+Tire+Quality+Grading" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/812325_2016-uniformtirequalitygrading.pdf">"Consumer Guide to Uniform Tire Quality Grading"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.nhtsa.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nhtsa.gov&rft.atitle=Consumer+Guide+to+Uniform+Tire+Quality+Grading&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhtsa.gov%2Fsites%2Fnhtsa.dot.gov%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2F812325_2016-uniformtirequalitygrading.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniform+Tire+Quality+Grading" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Consumer_Reports-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Consumer_Reports_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/news/2014/02/understanding-the-tire-grading-system-utqg/index.htm">"Understanding the UTQG car tire-grading system"</a>. <i>Consumer Reports</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Consumer+Reports&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+UTQG+car+tire-grading+system&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consumerreports.org%2Fcro%2Fnews%2F2014%2F02%2Funderstanding-the-tire-grading-system-utqg%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniform+Tire+Quality+Grading" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHTSA-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NHTSA_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWeiss" class="citation web cs1">Weiss, Sandra. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhtsa.gov/cars/rules/regrev/evaluate/807805.html">"An Evaluation of the Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards and Other Tire Labeling Requirements"</a>. <i>www.nhtsa.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nhtsa.gov&rft.atitle=An+Evaluation+of+the+Uniform+Tire+Quality+Grading+Standards+and+Other+Tire+Labeling+Requirements&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhtsa.gov%2Fcars%2Frules%2Fregrev%2Fevaluate%2F807805.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniform+Tire+Quality+Grading" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hpwizard.com/tire-friction-coefficient.html">HPwizard on Tire Friction</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhtsa.gov/staticfiles/rulemaking/pdf/TFECIP%20Final%20Rule.pdf">"Consumer Tire Information Program"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. NHTSA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consumer+Tire+Information+Program&rft.pub=NHTSA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhtsa.gov%2Fstaticfiles%2Frulemaking%2Fpdf%2FTFECIP%2520Final%2520Rule.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniform+Tire+Quality+Grading" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tirerack.com/tires/tiretech/techpage.jsp?techid=48">"Tire Tech Information: UTQG"</a>. TireRack.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tire+Tech+Information%3A+UTQG&rft.pub=TireRack.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tirerack.com%2Ftires%2Ftiretech%2Ftechpage.jsp%3Ftechid%3D48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniform+Tire+Quality+Grading" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Tire_Quality_Grading&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/rules/TireSafety/ridesonit/brochure.html">Tire Safety brochure</a> by the NHTSA</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.safercar.gov/">SaferCar.gov</a> - U.S. Government service to look up treadwear grades on different type of tires.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tires548" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tires" title="Template:Tires"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tires" title="Template talk:Tires"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tires" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tires"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tires548" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">Tires</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Types" title="Outline of tires">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tubeless_tire" title="Tubeless tire">Tubeless tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_tire" title="Radial tire">Radial tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_rolling_resistance_tire" title="Low rolling resistance tire">Low rolling resistance tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Run-flat_tire" title="Run-flat tire">Run-flat tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelin_PAX_System" title="Michelin PAX System">Michelin PAX System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airless_tire" title="Airless tire">Airless tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweel" title="Tweel">Tweel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rain_tyre" title="Rain tyre">Rain tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_tire" title="Snow tire">Snow tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-terrain_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="All-terrain tire">All-terrain tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_grip" title="Bar grip">Bar grip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-road_tire" title="Off-road tire">Knobby tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-roading#Large_tires" title="Off-roading">Large tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mud-terrain_tyre" class="mw-redirect" title="Mud-terrain tyre">Mud-terrain tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_tire" title="Paddle tire">Paddle tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_oil_tires" title="Orange oil tires">Orange oil tires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewall_tire" title="Whitewall tire">Whitewall tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire#Aircraft" title="Tire">Aircraft tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tundra_tire" title="Tundra tire">Tundra tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_tire" title="Bicycle tire">Bicycle tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubular_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Tubular tire">Tubular tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lego_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Lego tire">Lego tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_tyre" title="Motorcycle tyre">Motorcycle tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_code#Tractor_tires" title="Tire code">Tractor tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racing_slick" title="Racing slick">Racing slick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula_One_tyres" title="Formula One tyres">Formula One tyres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spare_tire" title="Spare tire">Spare tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_tire" title="Continental tire">Continental tire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Components" title="Outline of tires">Components</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_bead" title="Tire bead">Bead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beadlock" title="Beadlock">Beadlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_tread" title="Tire tread">Tread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siping_(rubber)" title="Siping (rubber)">Siping (rubber)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valve_stem" title="Valve stem">Valve stem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunlop_valve" title="Dunlop valve">Dunlop valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presta_valve" title="Presta valve">Presta valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schrader_valve" title="Schrader valve">Schrader valve</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Attributes" title="Outline of tires">Attributes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camber_thrust" title="Camber thrust">Camber thrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_of_forces" title="Circle of forces">Circle of forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_inflation_pressure" title="Cold inflation pressure">Cold inflation pressure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_patch" title="Contact patch">Contact patch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornering_force" title="Cornering force">Cornering force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_pressure" title="Ground pressure">Ground pressure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacejka#The_Pacejka_.22Magic_Formula.22_tire_models" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacejka">Pacejka's Magic Formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumatic_trail" title="Pneumatic trail">Pneumatic trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relaxation_length" title="Relaxation length">Relaxation length</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_resistance" title="Rolling resistance">Rolling resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self_aligning_torque" title="Self aligning torque">Self aligning torque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_angle" title="Slip angle">Slip angle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steering_ratio#Alternate_definition" title="Steering ratio">Steering ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_balance" title="Tire balance">Tire balance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_load_sensitivity" title="Tire load sensitivity">Tire load sensitivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_uniformity" title="Tire uniformity">Tire uniformity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_Force_Variation" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral Force Variation">Lateral Force Variation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_Force_Variation" class="mw-redirect" title="Radial Force Variation">Radial Force Variation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traction_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Traction (engineering)">Traction (engineering)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treadwear_rating" class="mw-redirect" title="Treadwear rating">Treadwear rating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Behaviors" title="Outline of tires">Behaviors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaplaning" title="Aquaplaning">Aquaplaning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_wander" title="Groove wander">Groove wander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(vehicle_dynamics)" title="Slip (vehicle dynamics)">Slip (vehicle dynamics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramlining" title="Tramlining">Tramlining</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Maintenance" title="Outline of tires">Maintenance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_maintenance" title="Tire maintenance">Tire maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_rotation" title="Tire rotation">Tire rotation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_pump" title="Bicycle pump">Bicycle pump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Tire_Inflation_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Tire Inflation System">Central Tire Inflation System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_mousse" title="Tire mousse">Tire mousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire-pressure_monitoring_system" title="Tire-pressure monitoring system">Tire-pressure monitoring system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire-pressure_gauge" title="Tire-pressure gauge">Tire-pressure gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_TPMS" title="Direct TPMS">Direct TPMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bead_breaker" title="Bead breaker">Bead breaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_changer" title="Tire changer">Tire changer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_iron" title="Tire iron">Tire iron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Life_cycle" title="Outline of tires">Life cycle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_manufacturing" title="Tire manufacturing">Tire manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tire_companies" title="List of tire companies">List of tire companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retread" title="Retread">Retread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_tires" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste tires">Waste tires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_recycling" title="Tire recycling">Tire recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_fire" title="Tire fire">Tire fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blowout_(tire)" title="Blowout (tire)">Blowout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_tire" title="Flat tire">Flat tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozone_cracking" title="Ozone cracking">Ozone cracking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Organizations" title="Outline of tires">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Tyre_and_Rim_Technical_Organisation" title="European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation">European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_Society" title="Tire Society">Tire Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_Science_and_Technology" title="Tire Science and Technology">Tire Science and Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires#Identification" title="Outline of tires">Identification</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tire_code" title="Tire code">Tire code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plus_sizing" title="Plus sizing">Plus sizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_label" class="mw-redirect" title="Tire label">Tire label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UTQG" class="mw-redirect" title="UTQG">Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tires" title="Outline of tires">Outline of tires</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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