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vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Filipe van Artevelde</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 11 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Филип ван Артевелде — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Филип ван Артевелде" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_van_Artevelde" title="Philipp van Artevelde — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Philipp van Artevelde" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_van_Artevelde" title="Philip van Artevelde — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Philip van Artevelde" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_van_Artevelde" title="Philippe van Artevelde — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Philippe van Artevelde" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_van_Artevelde" title="Philippe van Artevelde — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Philippe van Artevelde" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%BA_%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%BF%D6%87%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A4%D5%A5" title="Ֆիլիպ վան Արտևելդե — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆիլիպ վան Արտևելդե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_van_Artevelde" title="Philip van Artevelde — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Philip van Artevelde" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filips_van_Artevelde" title="Filips van Artevelde — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Filips van Artevelde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5,_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Артевелде, Филипп ван — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Артевелде, Филипп ван" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip_van_Artevelde" title="Filip van Artevelde — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Filip van Artevelde" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Філіп ван Артевелде — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Філіп ван Артевелде" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width: 270px; font-size: 88%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="topo padrao" style="text-align:center; font-size:large; background-color:gainsboro; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Filipe van Artevelde</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding-bottom: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Filips_van_Artevelde_001.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Filipe van Artevelde"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Filips_van_Artevelde_001.png/200px-Filips_van_Artevelde_001.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Filips_van_Artevelde_001.png/300px-Filips_van_Artevelde_001.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Filips_van_Artevelde_001.png/400px-Filips_van_Artevelde_001.png 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="701" /></a><figcaption>Filipe van Artevelde</figcaption></figure></div>A morte de Filipe van Artevelde na Batalha de Roosebeke em <i>História ilustrada da Bélgica</i>, 1885 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">1340<br /><span class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Gante" title="Gante">Gante</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">27 de novembro de 1382 (<span style="white-space:nowrap">41–42 anos</span>)<br /><span class="deathplace">Batalha de Roosebeke</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Progenitores </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_van_Artevelde" title="Jacob van Artevelde">Jacob van Artevelde</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Ocupação </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Militar_(ocupa%C3%A7%C3%A3o)" class="mw-redirect" title="Militar (ocupação)">militar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtico" title="Político">político</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Causa da morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Morto_em_combate" title="Morto em combate">morto em combate</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:gainsboro"><div style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572303" class="extiw" title="d:Q572303">edite no Wikidata</a>]</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Filipe van Artevelde</b> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/6\/6d\/Nl-be_filips_van_artevelde.ogg\/Nl-be_filips_van_artevelde.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"ou\u00e7a"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"pt","wikibase":"","file":"Nl-be filips van artevelde.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6d/Nl-be_filips_van_artevelde.ogg/Nl-be_filips_van_artevelde.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Reproduzir áudio" title="Reproduzir áudio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label">ouça</span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Nl-be_filips_van_artevelde.ogg" title="Ficheiro:Nl-be filips van artevelde.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span> (<a href="/wiki/Gante" title="Gante">Gante</a>, 18 de julho de 1340 – Westrozebeke, 27 de novembro de 1382), em 1382, assumiu a liderança da <a href="/wiki/Revolta_dos_Tecel%C3%B5es_de_Gante" title="Revolta dos Tecelões de Gante">Revolta dos Tecelões de Gante</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filipe_van_Artevelde&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filipe_van_Artevelde&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Biografia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Filipe era o filho mais novo de <a href="/wiki/Jacob_van_Artevelde" title="Jacob van Artevelde">Jacob van Artevelde</a>, e afilhado da rainha <a href="/wiki/Filipa_de_Hainault" title="Filipa de Hainault">Filipa da Inglaterra</a>, que o segurou nos braços em seu <a href="/wiki/Batismo" title="Batismo">batismo</a>. Viveu no anonimato até 1381 e, em 24 de janeiro de 1382, assumiu a liderança da <a href="/wiki/Revolta_dos_Tecel%C3%B5es_de_Gante" title="Revolta dos Tecelões de Gante">Revolta dos Tecelões de Gante</a>, em um contexto, no qual, a cidade de Gante estava cercada por tropas leais ao <a href="/wiki/Conde_de_Flandres" class="mw-redirect" title="Conde de Flandres">Conde de Flandres</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Seu nome despertou entusiasmo geral.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em 3 de maio de 1382, impôs uma contundente derrota ao Conde de Flandres, que fez com que os revoltosos tomassem o controle de <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a> e de outras cidades do Condado de Flandre.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Porém, a <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a> assumiu a causa do Conde de Flandres, e um exército francês atravessou a fronteira, comandado pelo jovem rei <a href="/wiki/Carlos_VI_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Carlos VI de França">Carlos VI</a> em pessoa. Artevelde avançou para enfrentar o inimigo à frente de um exército burguês de cerca de cinquenta mil flamengos. Em 27 de novembro de 1382, os exércitos se encontraram em Roosebeke, perto de <a href="/wiki/Courtrai" class="mw-redirect" title="Courtrai">Courtrai</a>, e os flamengos foram derrotados após sofrerem muitas baixas, o próprio Filipe estava entre os mortos. Seu corpo foi exibido diante do rei francês Carlos VI e depois pendurado em uma árvore.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> Após sua morte, o comando de Gante foi retomado por <a href="/wiki/Frans_Ackerman" title="Frans Ackerman">Frans Ackerman</a>. </p><p>Sua vida foi comemorada em uma <a href="/wiki/Trag%C3%A9dia" title="Tragédia">peça trágica</a> para o <a href="/wiki/Teatro" title="Teatro">teatro</a>, <i>Philip van Artevelde</i>, escrita pelo <a href="/wiki/Dramaturgia" title="Dramaturgia">dramaturgo</a> <a href="/wiki/Ingleses" title="Ingleses">inglês</a> Henry Taylor, em 1834.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Artevelde, Philippe van</i> em John A. Wagner, <i>Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War</i>, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006, 374 páginas, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.fr/books?id=uVZ893wOWgoC&pg=PA32&dq=Philippe+van+artevelde+1340+1382&hl=fr&ei=FUIqTdb-BoaDOvfT8fwC&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CE8Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q&f=false">p. 32-33</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/1386ghent.html">Trecho da <i>Chronicle</i> de Froissart</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/ARN_AUD/ARTEVELDE_PHILIP_VAN_c_1340_138.html"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> (1911) entrada para Philip Van Artevelde</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Froissart" title="Jean Froissart">Jean Froissart</a>, <i>Chroniques</i>, Livro II.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aol.bartleby.com/246/69.html">Trechos de "Philip Van Artevelde" de Sir Henry Taylor</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fontes">Fontes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filipe_van_Artevelde&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Fontes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filipe_van_Artevelde&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Fontes"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r60995074">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin reflist" style=""> <ul><li>Este artigo incorpora texto (em inglês) da <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_(edi%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_1911)" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (edição de 1911)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11.ª edição), publicação em <a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%ADnio_p%C3%BAblico" title="Domínio público">domínio público</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). «<a href="https://pt.wikisource.org/wiki/en:1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Artevelde,_Philip_van" class="extiw" title="s:en:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Artevelde, Philip van">Artevelde, Philip van</a>». <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (em inglês) <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_(edi%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_1911)" title="Encyclopædia Britannica (edição de 1911)">11.ª</a> ed. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a> (atualmente em <a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%ADnio_p%C3%BAblico" title="Domínio público">domínio público</a>)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFilipe+van+Artevelde&rft.atitle=Artevelde%2C+Philip+van&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=1911&rft.edition=11.%AA&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.+%28atualmente+em+dom%C3nio+p%C3%BAblico%29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filipe_van_Artevelde&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filipe_van_Artevelde&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <i>Media </i>relacionados com <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Filips_van_Artevelde" class="extiw" title="commons:Filips van Artevelde">Filipe van Artevelde</a> no Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)/Artevelde,_Jacob_van">«The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Artevelde, Jacob van»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFilipe+van+Artevelde&rft.btitle=The+American+Cyclop%C3%A6dia+%281879%29%2FArtevelde%2C+Jacob+van&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FThe_American_Cyclop%25C3%25A6dia_%281879%29%2FArtevelde%2C_Jacob_van&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Controle_de_autoridade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Controle_de_autoridade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; 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