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二维码_百度百科
<!DOCTYPE html><html class=""><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="referrer" content="always"><title>二维码_百度百科</title><meta name="description" content="二维码（2-dimensional bar code）又称二维条码，是移动设备上很流行的一种编码方式，它比传统的Bar Code条形码能存更多信息，能表示更多的数据类型。其根据某种特定的几何图形和规律，在二维平面上利用黑白相间的图形来记录数据信息。二维码在代码编制上巧妙地利用构成计算机内部逻辑基础的“0”“1”比特流的概念，使用若干个与二进制相对应的几何形体来表示文字数值信息，通过图像输入设备或光电扫描设备自动识读以实现信息自动处理。对二维码技术的研究始于20世纪80年代末，自二维码技术在美国诞生后，迅速在欧美日等国的物流、军事、证照、电子、制造业信息化管理等领域实现大规模应用。1994年9月，日本电装公司研制出一种矩阵二维码符号—QR Code码，其主要发明人原昌宏被人称为“二维码之父”。1993年，中国开始对二维码技术的研究。经过20多年的发展，中国自主研发的二维码在技术水平上已赶上世"><meta name="keywords" content="二维码, 二维码发展历程, 二维码原理, 二维码分类, 二维码关键技术, 二维码常用码制, 二维码识读设备, 二维码功能, 二维码特点, 二维码安全事宜, 二维码应用领域, 二维码商业模式, 二维码发展前景, 二维码相关事件, 二维码行业标准"><meta itemprop="dateUpdate" content="2024-11-11 16:15:16"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673"><link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" 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20.557-221.491-143.764-202.394zm-41.355 215.767c-30.648 3.65-55.347-13.987-55.347-39.649 0-25.549 21.898-52.3 52.552-55.465 35.149-3.277 58.138 16.911 58.138 42.568 0 25.42-24.812 49.019-55.348 52.546zm96.697-82.467c-10.343 7.787-23.112 6.691-28.585-2.55-5.714-9.124-3.528-23.598 6.932-31.258 12.165-9 24.812-6.451 30.29 2.673 5.468 9.247 1.454 23.111-8.637 31.135zm404.536-238.388c13.26 0 24.453-9.856 26.394-22.502.245-.973.368-1.828.368-2.8 20.07-180.378-147.66-149.361-147.66-149.361-14.843 0-26.88 12.042-26.88 27.125a26.808 26.808 0 0 0 26.88 26.88c120.412-26.639 93.9 93.901 93.9 93.901 0 14.833 12.037 26.757 26.998 26.757zm-19.579-314.537c-58.02-13.619-117.622-1.822-134.4 1.337-1.218.123-2.437 1.341-3.65 1.587-.615.118-.85.727-.85.727-16.42 4.623-28.585 19.947-28.585 37.95 0 21.529 17.392 39.162 39.045 39.162 0 0 21.16-2.795 35.39-8.397 14.233-5.713 134.282-4.25 193.996 95.97 32.604 73.098 14.234 121.994 12.042 129.904 0 0-7.782 18.97-7.782 37.704 0 21.525 17.393 35.149 39.045 35.149 17.997 0 33.203-2.432 37.58-32.963h.247c64.102-213.703-78.208-313.922-182.078-338.125z"></path></svg></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="authorityListPrompt_VE6Rl"><div class="mainContent_aQK8l">本词条由<a href="https://baike.baidu.com/science" target="_blank">“科普中国”科学百科词条编写与应用工作项目 </a>审核 。</div></div><div class="lemmaSummary_JdnZx J-summary"><a name="lemma-summary" class="lemmaSummaryAnchor_L5nNT"></a><div class="para_kLkYl summary_U4moH MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="go1e5mcv39" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码（2-dimensional bar code）又称</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E6%9D%A1%E7%A0%81/1300169?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="summary">二维条码</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">，是移动设备上很流行的一种编码方式，它比传统的Bar Code条形码能存更多信息，能表示更多的数据类型</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [19]<em id="sup-19"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。其根据某种特定的几何图形和规律，在二维平面上利用黑白相间的图形来记录数据信息</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [18<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-18"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。二维码在代码编制上巧妙地利用构成计算机内部逻辑基础的“0”“1”比特流的概念，使用若干个与二进制相对应的几何形体来表示文字数值信息，通过图像输入设备或光电扫描设备自动识读以实现信息自动处理。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [19]<em id="sup-19"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl summary_U4moH MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="go1dxj6gio" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">对二维码技术的研究始于20世纪80年代末</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [10]<em id="sup-10"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">，自二维码技术在美国诞生后，迅速在欧美日等国的物流、军事、证照、电子、制造业信息化管理等领域实现大规模应用</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [11]<em id="sup-11"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。1994年9月，日本电装公司研制出一种矩阵二维码符号—QR Code码</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [13<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-13"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">，其主要发明人</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%8E%9F%E6%98%8C%E5%AE%8F/24215212?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="summary">原昌宏</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">被人称为“二维码之父”</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [5-6]<em id="sup-5"></em><em id="sup-6"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。1993年，中国开始对二维码技术的研究。经过20多年的发展，中国自主研发的二维码在技术水平上已赶上世界标准。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [16<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-16"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl summary_U4moH MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usjNdrcEBd4t" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码按原理可分为堆叠式和矩阵式两种</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [14<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-14"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">；按业务形态可分为主读类和被读类</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。常用的二维码码制有PDF417、Data Matrix、Maxi Code、QR Code、Code 49、Code 16K、Code One等</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。二维码具有条码技术的一些共性：每种码制有其特定的</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6%E9%9B%86/946585?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="summary">字符集</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">；每个字符占有一定的宽度；具有一定的校验功能等。同时，还具有对不同行的信息自动识别功能、及处理图形旋转变化点。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [19]<em id="sup-19"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码与智能手机结合，可构成多领域、多种类的智慧型应用，如物流运输行业、身份识别卡、文件和表格处理、资产跟踪等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span></div></div><div class="skeletonWrap_LeaqL"><div class="skeletonContent_cVCUF"><div class="skeletonTitle_DMTW_"></div><div class="skeletonList_RBaAo"><div class="skeletonItem_fFtCW"><div class="skeletonItemCover_PZSZR"></div><div class="skeletonItemInfo_sqpoI"><div class="infoName_ZsmfY"></div><div class="infoDesc_iUCCu"></div></div></div><div class="skeletonItem_fFtCW"><div class="skeletonItemCover_PZSZR"></div><div class="skeletonItemInfo_sqpoI"><div class="infoName_ZsmfY"></div><div class="infoDesc_iUCCu"></div></div></div><div class="skeletonItem_fFtCW"><div class="skeletonItemCover_PZSZR"></div><div class="skeletonItemInfo_sqpoI"><div class="infoName_ZsmfY"></div><div class="infoDesc_iUCCu"></div></div></div><div class="skeletonItem_fFtCW"><div class="skeletonItemCover_PZSZR"></div><div class="skeletonItemInfo_sqpoI"><div class="infoName_ZsmfY"></div><div class="infoDesc_iUCCu"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="skeletonContent_cVCUF"><div class="skeletonTitle_DMTW_"></div><div class="skeletonList_RBaAo"><div class="skeletonItem_fFtCW"><div class="skeletonItemCover_PZSZR"></div><div class="skeletonItemInfo_sqpoI"><div class="infoName_ZsmfY"></div><div class="infoDesc_iUCCu"></div></div></div><div class="skeletonItem_fFtCW"><div class="skeletonItemCover_PZSZR"></div><div class="skeletonItemInfo_sqpoI"><div class="infoName_ZsmfY"></div><div class="infoDesc_iUCCu"></div></div></div><div class="skeletonItem_fFtCW"><div class="skeletonItemCover_PZSZR"></div><div class="skeletonItemInfo_sqpoI"><div class="infoName_ZsmfY"></div><div class="infoDesc_iUCCu"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="basicInfo_W4Ljq J-basic-info"><dl class="basicInfoBlock_XWtLR left"><div class="itemWrapper_wY__y"><dt class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemName_ZT6l4">中文名</dt><dd class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemValue_kk7a7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码</span></dd></div><div class="itemWrapper_wY__y"><dt class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemName_ZT6l4">外文名</dt><dd class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemValue_kk7a7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2-dimensional bar code</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [19]<em id="sup-19"></em></sup></span></dd></div><div class="itemWrapper_wY__y"><dt class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemName_ZT6l4">别 名</dt><dd class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemValue_kk7a7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维条码</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [19]<em id="sup-19"></em></sup></span></dd></div><div class="itemWrapper_wY__y"><dt class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemName_ZT6l4">常见类型</dt><dd class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemValue_kk7a7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">堆叠式二维码、矩阵式二维码</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [14<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-14"></em></sup></span></dd></div><div class="itemWrapper_wY__y"><dt class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemName_ZT6l4">主要特点</dt><dd class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemValue_kk7a7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">包含信息量大、编码范围广、成本低、易制作等</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [21]<em id="sup-21"></em></sup></span></dd></div></dl><dl class="basicInfoBlock_XWtLR right"><div class="itemWrapper_wY__y"><dt class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemName_ZT6l4">应用范围</dt><dd class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemValue_kk7a7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">物流运输行业、身份识别、文件和表格处理、资产跟踪等</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span></dd></div><div class="itemWrapper_wY__y"><dt class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemName_ZT6l4">作 用</dt><dd class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemValue_kk7a7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">记录信息</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [18<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-18"></em></sup></span></dd></div><div class="itemWrapper_wY__y"><dt class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemName_ZT6l4">功 能</dt><dd class="basicInfoItem_gwWO0 itemValue_kk7a7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">支付功能、上网功能、名片功能等</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [33-34<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-33"></em><em id="sup-34"></em></sup></span></dd></div></dl></div><div class="catalogWrapper_oepdk"><div class="catalog_u7Wly"><h2 class="catalogTitle_wto2S">目录</h2><div class="catalogList_hVn29 column-4_ZPQ3R"><ol><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">1</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#1">发展历程</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#1-1">起源</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#1-2">发展</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">2</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#2">原理</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">3</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#3">分类</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#3-1">按原理分</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#3-2">按业务分</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#3-3">按生成方式分</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#3-4">按颜色分</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#3-5">其他</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">4</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#4">关键技术</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#4-1">编码</a></span></li></ol><ol><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#4-2">识别技术</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#4-3">纠错技术</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">5</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#5">常用码制</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#5-1">PDF417码</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#5-2">QR码</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#5-3">DM码</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#5-4">MC码</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">6</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#6">识读设备</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#6-1">设备分类</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#6-2">具体设备</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">7</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#7">功能</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#7-1">支付功能</a></span></li></ol><ol><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#7-2">上网功能</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#7-3">电话功能</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#7-4">名片功能</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#7-5">导航功能</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#7-6">其他</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">8</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#8">特点</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">9</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#9">安全事宜</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#9-1">安全分析</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#9-2">应对策略</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">10</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#10">应用领域</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#10-1">生产制造业</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#10-2">物流行业</a></span></li></ol><ol><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#10-3">电子商务</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#10-4">票务</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#10-5">身份识别卡</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#10-6">矿井定位</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">11</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#11">商业模式</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">12</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#12">发展前景</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">13</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#13">相关事件</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#13-1">最大二维码</a></span></li><li class="level2_c4OL2"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">▪</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#13-2">“拦路码”</a></span></li><li class="level1_y0UZT"><span class="catalogIndex_ZSvms">14</span><span class="catalogText_aj5iy"><a href="#14">行业标准</a></span></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="J-lemma-content"><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usiuz4fAWnWO" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="发展历程"></a><a name="1"></a></div><h2 name="1">发展历程</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="1" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="1-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usgNmwensnss" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="起源"></a><a name="1-1"></a></div><h3 name="1-1">起源</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usgNnzlMzMVI" data-idx="0-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码是在一维码的基础上产生的</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。1949年，第一个一维条码诞生</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [8<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-8"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。二维码技术是在一维码无法满足实际应用需求的前提下产生的。由于受信息容量的限制，一维码通常是对物品的标识，而不是对物品的描述。所谓对物品的标识，就是给某物品分配一个代码，代码以条码的形式标识在物品上，用来标识该物品以便自动扫描设备的识读，代码或一维码本身不表示该产品的描述性信息。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [9<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-9"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usgWBlR8fSHs" data-idx="0-3"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">在通用商品条码的应用系统中，对商品信息，如生产日期、价格等的描述必须依赖数据库的支持。在没有预先建立商品数据库或不便联网的地方，一维码表示汉字和图像信息几乎是不可能的，即使可以表示，也显得十分不便且效率很低。随着现代高新技术的发展，迫切需要用条码在有限的几何空间内表示更多的信息，以满足千变万化的信息表示的需要。因此，二维码技术应运而生。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [9<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-9"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"> </span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="1-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usgXMEKEZXae" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="发展"></a><a name="1-2"></a></div><h3 name="1-2">发展</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="ushPIhve5e8u" data-idx="0-5"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">对二维码技术的研究始于20世纪80年代末</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [10]<em id="sup-10"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">，自二维码技术在美国诞生后，迅速在欧美日等国的物流、军事、证照、电子、制造业信息化管理等领域实现大规模应用</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [11]<em id="sup-11"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。1987年David Allair博士研制、Intermec公司推出的第一个二维码——Code49</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [12<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-12"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。1993年，中国开始对二维码技术进行研究。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [14<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-14"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="ushVLwvvbz8X" data-idx="0-6"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">日本电装公司研制的二维码主要发明人</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%8E%9F%E6%98%8C%E5%AE%8F/24215212?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">原昌宏</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">被人称为“二维码之父”。原昌宏从1992年开始二维码的研发工作，用了两年时间（1994年），其开发出在横向和纵向上都可以记录信息的二维码技术—一种矩阵二维码符号（QR Code码），它除具有一维条码及其他二维码所具有的信息容量大、可靠性高、可表示汉字及图像多种文字信息、保密防伪性强等优点外，还可高效地表示汉字，相同内容，其尺寸小于相同密度的PDF417条码。市场上的大部分条码打印机都支持QR Code条码。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [5-6]<em id="sup-5"></em><em id="sup-6"></em></sup></span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [13<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-13"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="go1e5weg51" data-idx="0-7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%89%A9%E5%93%81%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83/9514548?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">中国物品编码中心</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">对几种常用的二维码PDF417、QRCode、Data Matrix、Maxi Code、Code 49、Code 16K、Code One的技术规范进行了翻译和跟踪研究。随着中国市场经济的不断完善和信息技术的迅速发展，对二维码这一新技术的需求与日俱增。中国物品编码中心在原</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%9B%91%E7%9D%A3%E5%B1%80/976606?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">国家质量技术监督局</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">和国家有关部门的大力支持下，对二维码技术的研究不断深入。在消化其他国家相关技术资料的基础上，制定了两个二维码的国家标准：二维码网格</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E7%9F%A9%E9%98%B5%E7%A0%81/7632780?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">矩阵码</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">（SJ/T 11349-2006）和二维码紧密矩阵码（SJ/T 11350-2006），从而大大促进了中国具有</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E8%87%AA%E4%B8%BB%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83/6126166?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">自主知识产权</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">技术的二维码的研发。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [14<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-14"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usi5O00BnIrP" data-idx="0-8"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2011年起，徐蔚博士先后在中国、美国、日本和欧盟等地申请“采用条形码图像进行通信的方法、装置和移动终端”专利，并成功拿下专利授权，是法律意义上的“二维码扫一扫”的全球专利发明人。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [15<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-15"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usilX8rNKk4I" data-idx="0-9"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2012年，马化腾在中国互联网大会上发表演讲，提出了一个称为“扫一扫”的新名词，表示要从微信强化扫二维码的功能。微信用户的滚雪球式增长和微信“扫一扫”功能的广泛普及，为二维码的相关研发和应用提供了沃土。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [16<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-16"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="go1e5weg6m" data-idx="0-10"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2016年8月3日，支付清算协会向支付机构下发《条码支付业务规范》（征求意见稿），意见稿中明确指出支付机构开展条码业务需要遵循的安全标准。这是央行在2014年叫停</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%98/6977888?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">二维码支付</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">以后首次官方承认二维码支付地位。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [1]<em id="sup-1"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usioIsg7Wj3b" data-idx="0-11"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2019年，国际二维码产业发展大会在广东佛山举行，这时中国二维码应用已经占全球九成以上。同时，全球二维码产业链也在加速形成，业内和专家呼吁加快实现二维码产业标准化。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [17]<em id="sup-17"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usipUR8Xh87d" data-idx="0-12"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">国际自动识别制造商协会（AIM）、美国标准化协会（ANSI）已完成了PDF417、QR Code、Code 49、Code 16K、Code One等码制的符号标准。国际标准技术委员会和</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%94%B5%E5%B7%A5%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A/2876390?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">国际电工委员会</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">还成立了</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E6%9D%A1%E7%A0%81/772577?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">条码</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">自动识别技术委员会（ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC31），已制定了QR Code的国际标准（ISO/IEC 18004：2000《自动识别与数据采集技术—条码符号技术规范—QR码》），起草了PDF417、Code 16K、Data Matrix、Maxi Code等二维码的ISO/IEC标准草案。在</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87/3037392?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">二维码设备</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">开发研制、生产方面，</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD/125486?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">美国</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">、</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC/111617?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">日本</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">等国的设备制造商生产的识读设备、符号生成设备，已广泛应用于各类二维码应用系统。美国、德国、日本等国家，不仅已将二维码技术应用于公安、外交、军事等部门对各类证件的管理，而且也将二维码应用于海关、税务等部门对各类报表和票据的管理，商业、交通运输等部门对商品及货物运输的管理、邮政部门对邮政包裹的管理、工业生产领域对工业生产线的自动化管理。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [14<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-14"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="t0oRAtxyV0WG" data-idx="0-13"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-ctrid-t0orwakohlke="t0oRWAKOHlke" data-text="true">2021年12月23日，上海地铁首次“刷入”自治区，与内蒙古呼和浩特轨道交通乘车二维码实现互联互通。上海市民使用“</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/Metro%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A/55889181?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">Metro大都会</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-ctrid-t0orwakohlke="t0oRWAKOHlke" data-text="true">”App就可以方便乘坐</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%91%BC%E5%92%8C%E6%B5%A9%E7%89%B9%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81/19737586?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">呼和浩特地铁</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-ctrid-t0orwakohlke="t0oRWAKOHlke" data-text="true">，而</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%91%BC%E5%92%8C%E6%B5%A9%E7%89%B9/497821?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">呼和浩特</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-ctrid-t0orwakohlke="t0oRWAKOHlke" data-text="true">市民则可使用“</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E9%9D%92%E5%9F%8E%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81/62976251?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">青城地铁</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-ctrid-t0orwakohlke="t0oRWAKOHlke" data-text="true">”App便捷乘行上海地铁，不用再分别下载两个地铁出行App，更加“轻装”便利。至此，上海地铁“Metro大都会”乘车二维码与全国包括长三角区域，以及北京、天津、重庆、广州、兰州、呼和浩特等在内的17座城市轨道交通实现互联互通，范围覆盖国内超过三分之一的地铁城市。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [3]<em id="sup-3" data-ctrid="t0oRWAKOHlke"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usiuuewk91Fw" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="原理"></a><a name="2"></a></div><h2 name="2">原理</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="2" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usiyTinly32M" data-idx="1-1"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码是根据某种特定的几何图形和规律，在二维平面上利用黑白相间的图形来记录数据信息</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [18<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-18"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。二维码在水平和垂直方向都可以存储信息，并且能存储汉字、数字和图片等信息。其在代码编制上巧妙地利用构成计算机内部逻辑基础的“0”“1”比特流的概念，使用若干个与二进制相对应的几何形体来表示文字数值信息，通过图像输入设备或光电扫描设备自动识读，以实现信息自动处理。同时每种码制有其特定的字符集，每个字符占有一定的宽度，具有一定的校验功能，同时还具有对不同行的信息自动识别功能及处理图形旋转变化等特点。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [14<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-14"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">由于二维条形码能够在横向和纵向两个方位同时表达信息，因此能在很小的面积内表达大量的信息。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [1]<em id="sup-1"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEuMnWVPiaf" data-idx="1-2"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:640px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:640px;height:224px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/4afbfbedab64034fe57ea02baec379310a551d6f?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="二维码结构"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/4afbfbedab64034fe57ea02baec379310a551d6f?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_448" class="picture_z00hT" width="640" height="224"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>二维码结构</span></span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="3" data-tag="header" data-uuid="go1e5wegnv" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="分类"></a><a name="3"></a></div><h2 name="3">分类</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="3" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="3-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="go1e535ee7" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="按原理分"></a><a name="3-1"></a></div><h3 name="3-1">按原理分</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyeW7MTi2fN" data-idx="2-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码按不同码制的编码原理通常分以下类型：堆叠式（行排式）、矩阵式和邮政码。堆叠式（行排式）二维码形态上是由多行短截的一维条码堆叠而成；矩阵式二维码以矩阵的形式组成，在矩阵相应元素位置上用“点”表示二进制“1”，用“空”表示二进制“0”，由“点”和“空”的排列组成代码。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usyfGzMEEpgT" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyfFT9UTSgH" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">堆叠式/行排式</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyfrqvJBwPs" data-idx="2-4"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">堆叠式（行排式）二维码在码制设计、校验原理、识读方式等方面继承了一维码的诸多特点，识读设备与条码印刷与一维码兼容。但由于行数的增加，要对行进行判定，译码算法与软件也不同于一维码。代表性堆叠式(行排式)二维码有:Code16K、Code 49、PDF417等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usygWlRnQ4Mf" data-idx="2-5"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:590px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:590px;height:320px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/a6efce1b9d16fdfaaf51cbad8ad69b5494eef01fcd65?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="堆叠式（行排式）二维码"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/a6efce1b9d16fdfaaf51cbad8ad69b5494eef01fcd65?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_640" class="picture_z00hT" width="590" height="320"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>堆叠式（行排式）二维码</span></span></div></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usykP5U9WijI" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usykP5VX6vHh" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">矩阵式二维码</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyhMqldUyHE" data-idx="2-7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">矩阵式二维条码（又称棋盘式二维条码），是在一个矩形空间通过黑、白像素在矩阵中的不同分布进行编码。在矩阵相应元素位置上，用点（方点、圆点或其他形状）的出现表示二进制“1”，点的不出现表示二进制的“0”，点的排列组合确定了矩阵式二维条码所代表的意义。矩阵式二维条码是建立在</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86/5687124?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">计算机图像处理</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">技术、组合编码原理等基础上的一种新型图形符号自动识读处理码制。具有代表性的矩阵式二维条码有：Code One、MaxiCode、QR Code、Data Matrix、Han Xin Code、Grid Matrix等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [22<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-22"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyc82aoL8YY" data-idx="2-8"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:400px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:400px;height:379px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/91529822720e0cf33d052ee80b46f21fbe09aa37?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="矩阵式二维码原理"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/91529822720e0cf33d052ee80b46f21fbe09aa37?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_758" class="picture_z00hT" width="400" height="379"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>矩阵式二维码原理</span></span></div></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usymleSnARka" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usymkJll0ACq" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">邮政码</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usymA1fn0ebK" data-idx="2-10"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">邮政码是通过不同长度的条进行编码，主要用于邮件编码，属于专用领域的特殊码，如：Postnet、BPO 4-State等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="3-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usykLEey1BlU" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="按业务分"></a><a name="3-2"></a></div><h3 name="3-2">按业务分</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="go1e5wehee" data-idx="2-12"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码应用根据业务形态不同可分为被读类和主读类两大类。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usynx2sqZ9VI" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usynx2sHv1Ck" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">被读类业务</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyvM5yvm2Ys" data-idx="2-14"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">被读是指应用方将业务信息加密、编织成二维码图像后，通过短信或彩信的方式将二维码发送到用户的移动终端上，用户使用时通过设在服务网点的专用识读设备对移动终端上的二维码图像进行识读认证，作为交易或身份识别的凭证来支撑各种应用，例如，中国南航和中国移动联合推出的“手机电子登机牌”业务。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [23<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-23"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="go1e5wehhl" data-idx="2-15"><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">主读类业务</span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyvqBKD32OM" data-idx="2-16"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">主读就是使用者使用手机主动扫描识别在手机外的二维码，获取二维码所存储的内容并触发相关应用。用户利用手机拍摄包含特定信息的二维码图像，通过手机客户端软件进行解码后触发手机上网、名片识读、拨打电话等多种关联操作，以此为用户提供各类信息服务，如腾讯推出的“微信二维码”。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [23<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-23"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="3-3" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usywVulcQcvo" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="按生成方式分"></a><a name="3-3"></a></div><h3 name="3-3">按生成方式分</h3></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usyAXx287uAt" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyAXx3iSzJa" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">静态二维码</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyAYU7vhDTO" data-idx="2-19"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">静态码二维码一般为一个商户拥有一个固定的收款码，例如某某公司等，没有回调。静态二维码不会失效，生成之后则再也不能被改变，也没有任何扫描数据。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [24<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-24"></em></sup></span></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usyBbbgW5B8k" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyBbbg5zvuV" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">动态二维码</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usywYraelAdS" data-idx="2-21"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">动态码二维码是获取url自动生成的码，经过处理之后有回调的信息。动态码一般在5分钟的时间内要是不使用的话，就会失效。其生成之后，可以随时更改二维码背后的各种信息，无需对二维码进行重新打印或生成，只要进行改动并保存，二维码就可以自动更新，再次扫描就可获得新的内容。生成的每个动态二维码都可以在后台看到详细而实时的扫描数据：如扫描时间、扫描地点、扫描设备、扫描量等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [24<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-24"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="3-4" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usyDFHQJEdHN" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="按颜色分"></a><a name="3-4"></a></div><h3 name="3-4">按颜色分</h3></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usyG51N9Lqwc" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyG51NsfqQy" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">彩色</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyG7ZgpibbZ" data-idx="2-24"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">彩色二维码是一种特殊的二维码，它既具有普通黑白二维码的所有功能，又能呈现出彩色的外观</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [25<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-25"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。彩色二维码还可以利用较低的分辨率来提供较高的数据容量。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [26<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-26"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEyXfyY32Dj" data-idx="2-25"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:508.0357142857143px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:508.0357142857143px;height:500px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/314e251f95cad1c8f24aad8e7f3e6709c83d51a1?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="艺术二维码（永远爱你）"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/314e251f95cad1c8f24aad8e7f3e6709c83d51a1?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_1000" class="picture_z00hT" width="508.0357142857143" height="500"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>艺术二维码（永远爱你）</span></span></div></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usyIKVok7ook" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyIKVoXxBkZ" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">黑白</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyKD6Gdap9o" data-idx="2-27"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码起始就是二维的黑白方块，不同组合代表不同的信息。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [27<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-27"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="3-5" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usyLfSVBlpbt" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="其他"></a><a name="3-5"></a></div><h3 name="3-5">其他</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyLwmNeJheq" data-idx="2-29"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码按用途划分，有基本信息二维码、内容二维码、防伪二维码、促销二维码等，比如一些企业设置在公交车站、地铁出入口处的二维码，即促销二维码；按使用场景划分，有产品二维码、平台二维码、公众二维码，如近年来随处可见的健康码，即典型的公众二维码等等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [22<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-22"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="4" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usyM0QDQHaAM" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="关键技术"></a><a name="4"></a></div><h2 name="4">关键技术</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="4" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="4-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usyMtJBFTVOo" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="编码"></a><a name="4-1"></a></div><h3 name="4-1">编码</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyQ4d71NO8F" data-idx="3-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码的编码范围非常广：可以把图片、声音、文字、签字、指纹等数字化的信息进行编码，用条码表示出来；可以表示多种语言文字；可表示图像数据。其中普通二维码是直接对文字、网址、电话等信息进行编码（不能超过150个字），不支持存储图片和文件。优点是无须联网也能扫描（支持扫码枪及特殊设备扫码）。缺点是生成的二维码图案复杂，不容易识别和打印，生成后内容无法改变。活码是对一个分配的短网址进行编码生成二维码。生成后可以随时修改内容，二维码图案不变。可跟踪扫描统计，支持存储大量文字、图片、文件、音视、视频等内容，同时图案简单易扫。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [28<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-28"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="4-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usz2MRXlqP4V" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="识别技术"></a><a name="4-2"></a></div><h3 name="4-2">识别技术</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usz2MRXNdhJJ" data-idx="3-4"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码的识别设备依阅读原理的不同可分为线性CCD和线性图像式阅读器、带光栅的激光阅读器、图像式阅读器等。二维码识别通过识别设备得到二维码图像，经过定位、分割和解码三个步骤实现对二维码的识别。首先根据图像识别技术定位二维码符号的图像区域，灰度化二维码信息像素，过滤信息像素的噪点，得到标准图像后转换为二进制信息；对二进制信息进行译码和纠错，根据编码规则转化为条码数据。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [30]<em id="sup-30"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="4-3" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usyWyUpv9TtL" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="纠错技术"></a><a name="4-3"></a></div><h3 name="4-3">纠错技术</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyZccULWMVn" data-idx="3-6"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码的纠错功能的获取是通过在数据码字之后添加纠错码字，通过纠错算法计算出相应的纠错码字，随后添加在所要存储表达的数据码字之后。当二维码污损的面积在纠错能力范围以内时，二维码存储的信息仍能被识读出。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [29<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-29"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="5" data-tag="header" data-uuid="go1e5wehwm" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="常用码制"></a><a name="5"></a></div><h2 name="5">常用码制</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="5" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usyc0XGtvjal" data-idx="4-1"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码常用码制有PDF417、Data Matrix、Maxi Code、QR Code、Code 49、Code 16K、Code One等。除了这些常见的二维条码之外，还有Vericode条码、CP条码、Codablock F条码、田字码、Ultracode条码及Aztec条码。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">其中得到广泛应用的二维码国际标准有QR码、PDF417码、DM码和CM码</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">。每种</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E7%A0%81%E5%88%B6/6268546?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">码制</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">有其特定的字符集；每个</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6/4768913?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">字符</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">占有一定的宽度；具有一定的</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E6%A0%A1%E9%AA%8C/6445047?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">校验</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD/10346898?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">功能</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">等。同时还具有对不同行的信息自动识别功能及处理图形旋转变化等特点。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [31<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-31"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="5-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszcIY8MKXbZ" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="PDF417码"></a><a name="5-1"></a></div><h3 name="5-1">PDF417码</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usziRd3wfojq" data-idx="4-3"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">PDF417码为1991年留美华人王寅君博士发明并由讯宝（Symbol）公司制定完成。PDF是取英文Portable Data File三个单词的首字母的缩写，意为“便携数据文件”。因为组成条码的每一符号字符都是由4个条和4个空构成，如果将组成条码的最窄条或空称为一个模块，则上述的4个条和4个空的总模块数一定为17，所以称417码或PDF417码，每一个PDF417符号由空白区包围的一序列层组成。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [29<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-29"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszm2zHNnvaf" data-idx="4-4"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:640px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:640px;height:237.03703703703704px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/c9fcc3cec3fdfc039245a0a4e9669094a4c27d1e882c?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="PDF417码"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/c9fcc3cec3fdfc039245a0a4e9669094a4c27d1e882c?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_474" class="picture_z00hT" width="640" height="237.03703703703704"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>PDF417码</span></span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="5-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszjJHA7UG7R" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="QR码"></a><a name="5-2"></a></div><h3 name="5-2">QR码</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszktprMQ4QU" data-idx="4-6"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">QR（Quick Response）码是日本Denso公司在1994年9月提出了一种新的二维码符号，正是由于QR的开放性，为后续被广泛使用奠定了基础。QR的英文名称代表快速响应的意思，可以看出研发者的期望正是QR码可以快速被解码。其次它的独特之处在于识读速度较快，这也是区别于其他普通条码的地方。不仅如此，QR码还具有存储容量较大，可靠性较高，能够有效地表示汉字以及图像等各种信息，具有较高的安全性与保密防伪能力，同时具有快速响应、全方位识读的特点。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [29<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-29"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszobsj8UASB" data-idx="4-7"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:640px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:640px;height:445.9527121001391px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/8b13632762d0f703918f77c035a3463d269759ee6f2f?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="QR码结构"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/8b13632762d0f703918f77c035a3463d269759ee6f2f?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_891" class="picture_z00hT" width="640" height="445.9527121001391"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>QR码结构</span></span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="5-3" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszpJusz3Igx" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="DM码"></a><a name="5-3"></a></div><h3 name="5-3">DM码</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszr4HOtMcQU" data-idx="4-9"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">韩国以DM码为主，全称Data Matrix，意为数据矩阵。DM采用复杂的纠错技术，具有较强的抗污染性能。该码因纠错力强成为韩国二维码的主流。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usECbTxXptWe" data-idx="4-10"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:554px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:554px;height:466px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/622762d0f703918fa0ecdf8c6f64319759ee3d6d6e79?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="DM码"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/622762d0f703918fa0ecdf8c6f64319759ee3d6d6e79?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_932" class="picture_z00hT" width="554" height="466"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>DM码</span></span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="5-4" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszrL5dAuHnF" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="MC码"></a><a name="5-4"></a></div><h3 name="5-4">MC码</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszsG5v1tw1H" data-idx="4-12"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">MC（MaxiCode）码（又称牛眼码），是一种中等容量、尺寸固定的矩阵式二维码，它由紧密相连的六边形模组和位于符号中央位置的定位图形所组成。MC码是特别为高速扫描而设计，主要应用于包裹搜寻和追踪上。是由美国联合包裹服务（UPS）公司研制的，用于包裹的分拣和跟踪。MC码的基本特征:外形近乎正方形，由位于符号中央的同心圆（或称公牛眼）定位图形（Finder Pattemn），及其周围六边形蜂巢式结构的资料位元所组成，这种排列方式使得Maxicode可从任意方向快速扫描。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEDpGE38IgJ" data-idx="4-13"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:426px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:426px;height:372px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/c2fdfc039245d688d43ff0e39a9b6a1ed21b0ef48e79?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="MC码"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/c2fdfc039245d688d43ff0e39a9b6a1ed21b0ef48e79?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_744" class="picture_z00hT" width="426" height="372"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>MC码</span></span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="6" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usBDHklrKtwc" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="识读设备"></a><a name="6"></a></div><h2 name="6">识读设备</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="6" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="6-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usExnNsfsF6N" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="设备分类"></a><a name="6-1"></a></div><h3 name="6-1">设备分类</h3></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usEanboIeG5K" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEanboi9mCe" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">阅读原理</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBDKx3NxVCi" data-idx="5-3"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维条码的阅读设备依阅读原理的不同可分为以下几种：</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [26<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-26"></em></sup></span></div><ol data-tag="list" data-uuid="usBEcTFFKVVH" class="paraList_TXTsT ordered_UX8uk"><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">1.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBEcTF50F6U" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">线性CCD和线性图像式阅读器：可阅读一维条码和线性堆叠式二维码（如PDF417），在阅读二维码时需要沿条码的垂直方向扫过整个条码，称为“扫动式阅读”，这类产品比较便宜。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [26<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-26"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">2.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBESaEc1VgM" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">带光栅的激光阅读器：可阅读一维条码和线性堆叠式二维码。阅读二维码时将光线对准条码，由光栅元件完成垂直扫描，不需要手工扫动。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [26<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-26"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">3.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBEYJSR8vda" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">图像式阅读器：采用面阵CCD摄像方式将条码图像摄取后进行分析和解码，可阅读一维条码和所有类型的二维条码。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [26<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-26"></em></sup></span></div></li></ol><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usEaoyHwPaOR" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEaoyHLWWLt" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">工作方式</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usE7lmmPA5lW" data-idx="5-6"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维条码的识读设备依工作方式的不同还可以分为：手持式、固定式。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [39<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-39"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBDHklPChym" data-idx="5-7"><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">手持式：</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">即二维码扫描枪。可以扫描PDF417、QR码、DM码二维码的</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E6%9D%A1%E7%A0%81%E6%89%AB%E6%8F%8F%E6%9E%AA/6119819?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">条码扫描枪</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">，比如Symbol的DS6707、DS6708等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [39<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-39"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEfadGmkj9h" data-idx="5-8"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:374.62462462462463px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:374.62462462462463px;height:500px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/aec379310a55b319ebc413237df09526cffc1e17b916?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="手持式扫描枪"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/aec379310a55b319ebc413237df09526cffc1e17b916?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_1000" class="picture_z00hT" width="374.62462462462463" height="500"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>手持式扫描枪</span></span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBDHklJk3fh" data-idx="5-9"><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">固定式：</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">即</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81%E8%AF%BB%E5%8F%96%E5%99%A8/9482143?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">二维码读取器</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">，台式，非手持，放在桌子上或固定在终端设备里，比如SUMLUNG的SL-QC15S等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [39<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-39"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usE9D5jUf4DY" data-idx="5-10"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:500px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:500px;height:500px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/9dc3cf58740db0b5810a184c?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="固定式SL-QC15S"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/9dc3cf58740db0b5810a184c?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_1000" class="picture_z00hT" width="500" height="500"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>固定式SL-QC15S</span></span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBDHklYlu2b" data-idx="5-11"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">纸上印刷的二维码和</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E5%B1%8F%E5%B9%95/5309067?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">手机屏幕</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">上的二维码均可识别，因此广泛应用于电子票务，电子优惠券，会员系统，手机二维码登机等领域。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [39<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-39"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="6-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usEaLHscGc9E" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="具体设备"></a><a name="6-2"></a></div><h3 name="6-2">具体设备</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEaSNboshGj" data-idx="5-13"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">工业级应用主要使用进口品牌，例如西门子SIMATIC MV420和MV440一维码和二维码读码器。对先进的生产系统，使用机器可识别的标记追踪产品及部件是一项重要的需求。唯一的编码系统确保各部件的每项生产步骤及原料的使用都有序可控。同时，直接打码方式允许对产品批次的追踪，例如产品的责任认定。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [39<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-39"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEcoFqegh4y" data-idx="5-14"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">SIMATIC MV420和MV440固定式一维码和二维码读码器是一款高速、高读取可靠性的读码产品，并且有丰富的通信及连接方式。该读码器不仅可读取标准的高对比度条码及二维码，而且可用于环境恶劣的工业应用条件下读取DPM码（Direct Part Marking），即物体表面直接打码（通过激光蚀刻、喷墨、机械打标或化学腐蚀等方式直接标识在物体表面的码）。灵活可选的光照方式及紧凑坚固的外形使MV420和MV440能应用于多种工业应用，如汽车、包装、医药、化妆品及电子半导体、食品饮料等行业。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [39<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-39"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBDHklAvAFx" data-idx="5-15"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:401px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:401px;height:358px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/020e66f0346fb0837931aabf?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="西门子工业级读码器"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/020e66f0346fb0837931aabf?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_716" class="picture_z00hT" width="401" height="358"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>西门子工业级读码器</span></span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="7" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszuhKIPe5XV" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="功能"></a><a name="7"></a></div><h2 name="7">功能</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="7" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="7-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszLbkDxww8B" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="支付功能"></a><a name="7-1"></a></div><h3 name="7-1">支付功能</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszLdnfcEUCC" data-idx="6-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">智能手机的网上支付功能和二维码技术结合在一起，拍摄商品二维码可进行购买和支付。例如，可以利用二维码扫描进行充话费、买咖啡、印照片、买零食、遥控空调电视等，几乎覆盖了生活的方方面面。用户绑定银行卡然后扫描商户给出的二维码，即可完成付款，这让交易变得更简便、快捷。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [33<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-33"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="7-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszWkQHbp1QC" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="上网功能"></a><a name="7-2"></a></div><h3 name="7-2">上网功能</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszWLeCgnDkT" data-idx="6-4"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">如果人们正在阅读的报纸、杂志、图书、宣传品、产品包装、名片、户外广告、液晶屏、网页等出现了二维码，可以用手机摄像头扫描该码，直接到达该广告产品的WAP站点或者该部分阅读内容的相关WAP页面，并可进入网站进行互动，看更多内容、图片、动画、视频、手机游戏、手机娱乐，下载优惠券、预订服务，试听下载音乐甚至卡拉OK。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [34<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-34"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="7-3" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszXcPeMMMil" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="电话功能"></a><a name="7-3"></a></div><h3 name="7-3">电话功能</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszXl1kLmiDy" data-idx="6-6"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">在各种报刊杂志、图书、宣传品、网站等上面的二维码内置了电话、邮箱等，可以通过照相手机扫描二维码，进入手机相关功能编写短信或直接接通电话。如电视广播节目的热线电话、语音服务等，还可以通过扫描二维码发送手机贺卡、温馨祝福、点歌音频等给要分享的人。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [34<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-34"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="7-4" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszXDhjIBqcL" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="名片功能"></a><a name="7-4"></a></div><h3 name="7-4">名片功能</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszXFILV4Q0b" data-idx="6-8"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">如果名片上出现了二维码，可直接用手机摄像头扫描该码，名片信息就会显示在手机屏幕上，然后通过直接点击，保存至本地名片夹。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [34<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-34"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="7-5" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszSsFJuQB0f" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="导航功能"></a><a name="7-5"></a></div><h3 name="7-5">导航功能</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszUpmWAdBOb" data-idx="6-10"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">通过扫描书刊报纸或宣传品上的导航二维码，可将目的地位置导航地图显示在手机上，可以更轻松地寻找陌生地点；或者通过扫描路牌等交通设施上的二维码，将本地位置导航地图显示在手机上，确定自己位置和附近各类场所的方位。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [34<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-34"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="7-6" data-tag="header" data-uuid="uszYsyNpmrfi" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="其他"></a><a name="7-6"></a></div><h3 name="7-6">其他</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="uszYzDI1WxrZ" data-idx="6-12"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">用手机扫码来快速读取广告看板上的最新产品资讯和下载店家提供的折扣券。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [34<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-34"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="8" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usz2H6xLNvTF" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="特点"></a><a name="8"></a></div><h2 name="8">特点</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="8" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAMJaIOKMwQ" data-idx="7-1"><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">1.编码密度高，信息容量大</span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAMHooT4doH" data-idx="7-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码可容纳多达1850个大写字母或2710个数字或1108字节，或500多个汉字，比普通条码信息容量约高几十倍，一个载体上可以有几个二维码。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [16<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-16"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAMHooL8LFs" data-idx="7-3"><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">2.编码范围广</span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAHbs5i97zr" data-idx="7-4"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码把图片、声音、文字、签字、指纹等可以数字化的信息进行编码，用条码表示出来。可以表示多种语言文字，可表示图像数据。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [16<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-16"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAMzLiz7NoZ" data-idx="7-5"><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">3.成本低</span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAHSXTOYqSE" data-idx="7-6"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码成本低，易制作，操作简便，持久耐用。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [16<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-16"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEzF1I1TRIR" data-idx="7-7"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:584px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:584px;height:339px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/f703738da9773912dd8e2ae5f8198618377ae28e?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="二维码的形成"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/f703738da9773912dd8e2ae5f8198618377ae28e?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_678" class="picture_z00hT" width="584" height="339"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>二维码的形成</span></span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAMOqw14q5d" data-idx="7-8"><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">4.容错能力强</span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAIle5YEjVZ" data-idx="7-9"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码识别采用先进的容错算法，这使得二维条码因穿孔、污损等引起局部损坏时，照样可以正确得到识读，损毁面积达50%仍可恢复信息。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [16<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-16"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAMR2ALnTby" data-idx="7-10"><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">5.译码可靠性高</span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAIQn0Hb1HJ" data-idx="7-11"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码比普通条码译码错误率百万分之二要低得多，误码率不超过千万分之一。可引入加密措施保密性、防伪性好。可以非常有效地防止伪造。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [16<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-16"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAMSpv5w30K" data-idx="7-12"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">综上所述，二维码具有信息容量大、制作成本低，使用便捷、可靠性强等特点。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [16<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-16"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="9" data-tag="header" data-uuid="go1e5wej98" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="安全事宜"></a><a name="9"></a></div><h2 name="9">安全事宜</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="9" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="9-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usAUZMYSwYIz" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="安全分析"></a><a name="9-1"></a></div><h3 name="9-1">安全分析</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAOUyMlnbbe" data-idx="8-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">维码产业促进了中国信息化建设和数字经济的发展，与此同时其发展中存在的一些问题日益凸显，开始影响到整个行业乃至经济社会的稳定健康发展。关于二维码的风险问题主要可以分为以下几个方面。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usAV24vphwSE" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAV24vQXzlR" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">被恶意使用</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAPHAvPMrtR" data-idx="8-4"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">由于二维码承载的内容不能直接可见，已逐渐成为病毒木马、钓鱼网站传播的新渠道。维码本身不会携带病毒，但是扫描二维码有时会刷出一条链接，提示下载软件，而有的软件可能就会藏有病毒。其中一部分病毒下载安装后会对手机、平板计算机造成影响；还有一部分病毒则是不法分子伪装成应用的吸费木马，霸占手机的短信发送接口，一旦下载就会导致手机自动发送信息并扣除大量话费。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usATsruH9MzX" data-idx="8-5"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">据《2012年上半年全球手机安全报告》显示，2012年上半年查杀到手机恶意软件17676款</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [37]<em id="sup-37"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">，而其中二维码技术成为手机病毒、钓鱼网站传播的新渠道。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [36]<em id="sup-36"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAQa5j0IOjz" data-idx="8-6"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">用户应提高防范意识，扫描二维码之前首先需要确认其发布来源是否权威可信。一般，正规的报纸、杂志，以及知名商场的海报上提供的二维码是安全的，但在网站上发布的不知来源的二维码需要引起警惕。应该选用专业的加入监测功能的扫码工具，扫描到可疑网址时，会有安全提示。如果通过二维码来安装软件，安装好以后，最好先用杀毒软件扫描一遍再打开。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usAV4ci0bEDB" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAV4ci4snSN" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">越权问题</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAQuPKPEFMZ" data-idx="8-8"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">由于用户不能直观地看到二维码所承载的内容，而且无法知晓具体的执行流程，用户在扫描二维码过程中可能会出现违背用户意图或骗取系统权限的越权操作问题，会对用户终端和账户安全构成威胁。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usAV5qWfqbuu" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAV5qWZHdnb" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">缺乏安检</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAQMqGaxZoQ" data-idx="8-10"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">随着移动支付的发展，越来越多的用户开始使用二维码支付，但由于缺乏二维码的安全检测技术，使其成为了金融诈骗的新手段。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div><ul data-tag="list" data-uuid="usAV6MrZdyye" class="paraList_TXTsT unordered_rJkPv"><li><div class="para_kLkYl unorderedList_Blp5_ MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAV6Mrk828Q" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">隐私泄漏</span></div></li></ul><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAR40lEswaz" data-idx="8-12"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">由于市场上常用的日本QR码、美国DM码等多为开源、通用的码制，直接对信息明文进行编码，增加了二维码承载的个人、企业、政府等用户信息的泄露风险。用户的私有信息可能会随着二维码的传播而被泄露，这会给用户带来困扰。例如，在火车票实名制实施初期，票面二维码就采用明文QR编码，曾被不法分子利用来收集旅客姓名、身份证等个人隐私信息，这一状况后经特殊码制加密处理才得以有效遏制。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="9-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usAVaUYKlAho" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="应对策略"></a><a name="9-2"></a></div><h3 name="9-2">应对策略</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAVBUGg6KSz" data-idx="8-14"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">为了进一步应对二维码可能带来的安全风险，有以下几项应对措施：</span></div><ol data-tag="list" data-uuid="usAW9KeNL6fv" class="paraList_TXTsT ordered_UX8uk"><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">1.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAW9KeNGL5H" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">加强政策引导，强化二维码安全发展的基础支撑：明确二维码安全监管责任部门，组织建立协调统一的服务支撑体系，研究制定二维码安全发展政策及法律法规，加强中国二维码安全管理体系建设，统筹推进二维码产业发展，建立“自主、安全、规范、可控”的二维码产业体系。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">2.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAWmsUHi88Y" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">建立健全标准规范体系，推动二维码产业规范发展：加快推进二维码统一编码、注册管理、安全识读、安全认证等关键环节的统一标准规范的编制工作，建立健全规范统一的二维码标准体系。加大二维码标准的宣传贯彻实施工作，加快推进统一的二维码标准规范应用，建立二维码安全管理长效机制，加快建立二维码产业发展服务体系，推动二维码产业规范发展。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">3.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAWCaWgrPMW" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">强化安全管理技术手段，增强安全支撑能力：引入敏感信息过滤、风险检测、签名认证、发布预审、加密等技术手段，提高二维码防篡改、反逆向、可溯源、安全检测等安全支撑能力，实现二维码生成及识读工具软件的统一规范管理以及二维码信息内容的有效追溯，抓好二维码“生成”和“识读”两个关键环节，系统化解决二维码的安全问题。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">4.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAWZTOZqNGq" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">加强安全使用宣传，提高用户防范意识：政府需要加强二维码基础知识、安全防范知识、案例剖析等普及教育工作，定期发布安全警示，制作安全使用手册。同时，还可以组织二维码创新大赛、高峰论坛、技术应用培训等活动，营造良好社会氛围，促使企业注册使用安全规范的二维码，引导公众使用符合安全认证要求的二维码软件，提高用户安全防范意识。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [20<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-20"></em></sup></span></div></li></ol><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="10" data-tag="header" data-uuid="go1e5wejzq" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="应用领域"></a><a name="10"></a></div><h2 name="10">应用领域</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="10" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="go1e5wek1c" data-idx="9-1"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维条码具有储存量大、保密性高、追踪性高、抗损性强、备援性大、成本便宜等特性，这些特性特别适用于表单、安全保密、追踪、证照、存货盘点、资料备援等方面：</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [38]<em id="sup-38"></em></sup></span></div><ol data-tag="list" data-uuid="usBqOkLOclaJ" class="paraList_TXTsT ordered_UX8uk"><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">1.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBqOkLaWlxp" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">表单应用：</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">公文表单、商业表单、进出口报单、舱单等资料之传送交换，减少人工重复输入表单资料，避免人为错误，降低人力成本。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">2.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBqRAETGpgM" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">保密应用：</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">商业情报、经济情报、政治情报、军事情报、私人情报等机密资料之加密及传递。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">3.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBqXMheXEmz" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">追踪应用：</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">公文自动追踪、生产线零件自动追踪、客户服务自动追踪、邮购运送自动追踪、维修记录自动追踪、危险物品自动追踪、后勤补给自动追踪、医疗体检自动追踪、生态研究(动物、鸟类等)自动追踪等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">4.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBr3ivY6ijV" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">证照应用</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">：护照、身份证、挂号证、驾照、会员证、识别证、连锁店会员证等证照之资料登记及自动输入，发挥随到随读、立即取用的资讯管理效果。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">5.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBr7KiGCFQO" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">盘点应用：</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">物流中心、仓储中心、联勤中心之货品及固定资产之自动盘点，发挥立即盘点、立即决策的效果。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div></li><li><span class="orderNum_kuaDc">6.</span><div class="para_kLkYl orderedList-1_cTx5w MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBrdhc98srY" data-idx=""><span class="text_o4f6P bold_ARdHJ" data-text="true">备援应用：</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">文件表单的资料若不愿或不能以磁碟、光碟等电子媒体储存备援时，可利用二维码来储存备援，携带方便，不怕折叠，保存时间长，又可影印传真，做更多备份。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div></li></ol><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBu0bX2Ni7a" data-idx="9-3"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码可以被广泛应用于各个行业，如物流业、生产制造业、交通、安防、票证等行业，由于各行业特性不同，因此二维码被应用于不同行业的不同工作流程中。二维码在应用比较广泛的几个行业领域的具体应用如下：</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="10-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usBtXKrvtJOD" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="生产制造业"></a><a name="10-1"></a></div><h3 name="10-1">生产制造业</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usB6ehjEY19Q" data-idx="9-5"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">以食品的生产为例，二维码在食品的生产与流通过程中的应用主要在3个环节。第一，原材料信息录入与核实：原材料供应商在向食品厂家提供原材料时，将原材料的原始生产数据制造日期、食用期限、原产地、生产者、遗传基因组合的有无、使用的药剂等信息录入到二维码中并打印带有二维码的标签，粘贴在包装箱上后交予食品厂家。第二，生产配方信息录入与核实：在根据配方进行分包的原材料上粘贴带有二维码的标签，其中含有原材料名称、重量、投入顺序、原材料号码等信息。第三，成品信息录入与查询：在原材料投入后的各个检验工序，使用数据采集器录入检验数据；将数据采集器中记录的数据上传到电脑中，生成生产原始数据，使用该数据库，在互联网上向消费者公布产品的原材料信息。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="10-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usBuQp2s60Dt" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="物流行业"></a><a name="10-2"></a></div><h3 name="10-2">物流行业</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBv4cgW02Kx" data-idx="9-7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码在物流行业的应用主要包括4个环节。第一，入库管理：入库时识读商品上的二维码标签，同时录入商品的存放信息，将商品的特性信息及存放信息一同存入数据库，存储时进行检查，看是否有重复录入。第二，出库管理：产品出库时，要扫描商品上的二维码，对出库商品的信息进行确认，同时更改其库存状态。第三，仓库内部管理：在库存管理中，一方面二维码可用于存货盘点，另一方面二维码可用于出库备货。第四，货物配送：配送前将配送商品资料和客户订单资料下载到移动终端中，到达配送客户后，打开移动终端，调出客户相应的订单，然后根据订单情况挑选货物并验证其条码标签，确认配送完一个客户的货物后，移动终端会自动校验配送情况，并做出相应的提示。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="10-3" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usBvQyhgExvJ" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="电子商务"></a><a name="10-3"></a></div><h3 name="10-3">电子商务</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usErey36ip8G" data-idx="9-9"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码是移动互联网和O2O的关键入口。随着电子商务企业越来越多地进行线上线下并行的互动，二维码已经成为电子商务企业落地的重要营销载体。二维码在电商领域的广泛应用，结合O2O的概念，带给消费者更便捷和快速的消费体验，成为电商平台连接线上与线下的一个新通路，对于产品信息的延展，横向的价格对比，都有帮助。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="10-4" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usErdL8DI4pB" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="票务"></a><a name="10-4"></a></div><h3 name="10-4">票务</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEsmVkHFISH" data-idx="9-11"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">景点门票，火车票告别传统文字纸张模式，采用二维码进行售票、检票，提高通行效率，防止伪票。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">同时基于二维码与一维码相比能够记录更多信息及具备更好的安全性，国际航协（IA-TA）已决定2010年年底前全部应用二维码技术，其主要目的是在移动终端上实现基于二维码技术的登机手续。2009年4月9日，中国南方航空开始在广州-郑州航线上试用手机二维码登机牌，旅客使用手机就能直接登机。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [32<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-32"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="utxjiO0MDl3O" data-idx="9-12"><div class="lemmaPicture_eNcFq layoutCenter_F_ePY disable-select" style="float:none;display:block;margin:0px auto;clear:both;width:375px"><a class="imageLink__fNk0" style="width:375px;height:500px" href="/pic/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81/2385673/0/0bd162d9f2d3572c11df6fb2c24a742762d0f7036511?fr=lemma&fromModule=lemma_content-image" target="_blank" title="火车票二维码"><img src="https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/0bd162d9f2d3572c11df6fb2c24a742762d0f7036511?x-bce-process=image/format,f_auto/resize,m_lfit,limit_1,h_1000" class="picture_z00hT" width="375" height="500"/></a><span class="titleSpan_FXR1i"><span>火车票二维码</span></span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="10-5" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usBwM9HutY6m" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="身份识别卡"></a><a name="10-5"></a></div><h3 name="10-5">身份识别卡</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usBA6ZnV8eVH" data-idx="9-14"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">美国国防部在军人身份卡上印制PDF417码。持卡人的姓名、军衔、照片等个人信息被编成一个PDF417码印在卡上，用于重要场所的进出管理及医院就诊管理。该项应用的优点在于数据采集的实时性、低成本、卡片损坏（比如枪击）也能阅读以及防伪性。中国各领域的应用多采用QR码，如营业执照、驾驶执照、护照、中国城市流动人口的暂住证、医疗保险卡等也都是很好的应用方向。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [7<svg viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M11.021 12H.979A.98.98 0 0 1 0 11.021V.979A.98.98 0 0 1 .979 0H11.02a.98.98 0 0 1 .98.979v10.042a.98.98 0 0 1-.979.979zM11 .979.979 1 1 11.021 11 11V.979z"></path><circle cx="4.235" cy="3.655" r="1.1"></circle><path d="M9.537 5.773a.5.5 0 0 0-.707 0L6.667 7.938l-1.66-1.659a.491.491 0 0 0-.391-.139.494.494 0 0 0-.391.139L2.389 8.115a.5.5 0 0 0 .707.707l1.521-1.521L6.315 9a.498.498 0 0 0 .707 0l.008-.012L9.537 6.48a.5.5 0 0 0 0-.707z"></path></svg>]<em id="sup-7"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="10-6" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usEs71ViiYtJ" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="矿井定位"></a><a name="10-6"></a></div><h3 name="10-6">矿井定位</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEqKMQEgues" data-idx="9-16"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码的生成即利用二维码编码设备，首先将矿下工人的基本信息，例如姓名、年龄、工作情况、出勤记录和工作工段等进行采集，然后根据相应的信息利用编码软件生成特定的二维码标签，再利用二维码点阵打印机打印出含有工人特定信息的二维码标签，最后将其印制在工作服等特定的位置上便于进行识读。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="11" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usEqXuzwaHpC" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="商业模式"></a><a name="11"></a></div><h2 name="11">商业模式</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="11" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEqXuzjAoLa" data-idx="10-1"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码的应用的有主读和被读的概念。二维码的平台式服务指的是有一个平台来供人们生成二维码，并在那后面附上图片、文字、视频等各种各样的信息。本质上，二维码的内容是指向一个地址。所以二维码平台式服务属于被读的领域。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEqXuzMpHxt" data-idx="10-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">但这样的分类方式对用户和市场来说太模糊了，市场二维码的商业模式可以大致分成以下几种：</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEqXuzRWJyD" data-idx="10-3"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">1.</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD/7817547?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">信息传播</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">：不论是电子凭证还是博物馆、媒体或商品信息，其实都是信息传播的概念，用户用手机扫描二维码，就可以进入它对应的地址，获得完整的数据。供应商通过发送电子凭证和铺设扫码硬件设备到本地商户，来建立一个完成的商业模式。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEqXuzwxEFA" data-idx="10-4"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2.互动入口：例如，通过扫描二维码来关注微信好友，或优惠券领取、投票报名、参加调研等在手机上的可操作形式，向企业回传客户信息。企业就能将广告投放效应最大化，获得宝贵的用户互动数据。这样的互动购买模式已经在</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1/31689?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">电影</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">、</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86/228945?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">电视</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">、</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97/1097363?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">杂志</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">、</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%AE%A3%E4%BC%A0%E5%86%8C/7614563?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">宣传册</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">、</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%B9%BF%E5%91%8A/124316?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">广告</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">等领域开始使用。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEqXuzl3RbW" data-idx="10-5"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2012年，微信推出公众平台面向企业和个人开放，打开了自媒体时代。同时，二维码的运用更达到了前所未有的高度，扫一扫加关注几乎是所有公众号推广的方式。越来越多媒体节目登录</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%BE%AE%E4%BF%A1%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%97%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/1488140?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">微信公众平台</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">（如中国梦之声），更加方便了收视观众与媒体间的沟通，通过在节目中放出账号二维码，在短期内迅速积累到庞大用户群。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEqXuzXKwgt" data-idx="10-6"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">3.形成购买：二维码可直接把人们带往某个商品的</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%95%86%E5%8A%A1%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/3376121?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">电子商务平台</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">，产生交易（如仙草记）。原来需要进实体店或在网上购买的流程，可以通过扫拍二维码而实现，在手机上完成购物支付流程。这样的方式可以弥补在原来无法涉足的空间进行消费的需求。支付宝跟分众传媒的合作就是，用户只要扫拍分众上的</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E6%94%AF%E4%BB%98%E5%AE%9D/496859?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">支付宝</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">广告，就可以在手机上实现购物和支付。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEqXuz1g5VI" data-idx="10-7"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">以上几种，除了一些短小信息的二维码名片，都是用二维码指向一个链接地址，本质都是</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91/7837035?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">移动互联网</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">入口的概念。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [41]<em id="sup-41"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="12" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usEqX7Er94qe" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="发展前景"></a><a name="12"></a></div><h2 name="12">发展前景</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="12" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="go1e5weqku" data-idx="11-1"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">二维码已涉及中国老百姓的吃穿住行，成为金融支付、身份识别、信息查询等各类应用的载体。二维码背后蕴藏着一项大产业。在万物互联已成大趋势的背景下，二维码的全球标准化已成为迫切的需求。作为物联网核心感知技术、互联网重要信息入口和大数据资源的重要获取手段，二维码在国民经济的各个领域得到了广泛应用和发展，不断催生出新产业、新模式、新业态，成为全球数字经济发展的新亮点。例如，在交通领域，二维码是智能交通创新和数字交通建设的重要内容，大大提高了中国交通运行管理和服务的智能化水平。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [40]<em id="sup-40"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usElbitVcbvP" data-idx="11-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">在智能城市建设过程中，二维码是重要的载体。中国社科院城市发展研究会副理事长贺可嘉说，城市居民可以实现二维码数字身份认证，解决数字生活问题；基于二维码的数据共享能够打通政府部门间的数据共享与使用，提高政府机构协作的便利性。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [40]<em id="sup-40"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usElpij1H31b" data-idx="11-3"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">在推动传统产业的转型升级方面，二维码也可以发挥桥梁纽带的作用。二维码作为互联网入口和智能标识载体，可率先从大规模定制、生产制造、物流仓储等传统产业切入，使标注上标准二维码的产品可溯源、生产运输销售全过程的数据可获取，通过智慧应用带来的强示范效应，助推传统产业转型升级，并催生更多的新技术和新模式。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [40]<em id="sup-40"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="13" data-tag="header" data-uuid="go1e5weqt2" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="相关事件"></a><a name="13"></a></div><h2 name="13">相关事件</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="13" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="13-1" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usEoMBiRB5Qr" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="最大二维码"></a><a name="13-1"></a></div><h3 name="13-1">最大二维码</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usARNwcCNMgl" data-idx="12-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">河北省泊头市32岁的徐河在麦田中制作的二维码被吉尼斯官方认证为世界最大的二维码。这个巨型二维码边长190米，总面积达到36100平方米，刷新了此前由加拿大一个农场保持的28760平方米的纪录。这个二维码可以通过手机扫描识别，链接到徐河团队的微信公众号。2015年4月，徐河和他的团队按照二维码图案比例在租种的近百亩田地里进行差异化种植，在不同的时间节点播种小麦，利用麦苗的颜色差异成功打造出这一巨型二维码。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [2]<em id="sup-2"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-2_pXuoJ MARK_MODULE" data-index="13-2" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usEt0akEyIOs" data-level="2"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="“拦路码”"></a><a name="13-2"></a></div><h3 name="13-2">“拦路码”</h3></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEp1iqSv9vQ" data-idx="12-4"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">扫描二维码代替人工服务已然成为一种日常，但这种本该“提高效率”“便捷快速”的消费方式，却给不少消费者带来了困扰。《法治日报》记者调查发现，不少消费者抱怨扫二维码存在各种问题，包括：消费只能扫码、拒收现金、拒绝提供纸质菜单；强制关注公众号、跳转小程序；不当索取消费者个人信息；广告、优惠弹窗频繁，真假难辨等。记者以“停车缴费”“二维码缴费”等为关键词在社交平台、第三方投诉平台上检索，发现对停车二维码扫码缴费感到不满的消费者不在少数。在数百条相关投诉中，内容包括扫码系统不智能，重复收费；扫码后强制关注、注册会员才能进一步操作；强制收集个人信息，且多是与停车消费毫无关系的生日、健康情况、通讯录等信息；弹窗广告大量存在，诱导消费等。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [42]<em id="sup-42"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usEq6mTkb6Ee" data-idx="12-5"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2023年4月，工信部曾通报扫码支付新骗局。2023年6月，针对扫码消费中存在的问题，中国消费者协会在全国范围内开展“反对强制关注公众号”的消费监督工作。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [42]<em id="sup-42"></em></sup></span></div><div class="paraTitle_wjIY1 level-1_gZvZ7" data-index="14" data-tag="header" data-uuid="usARN48sh3Ol" data-level="1"><div class="anchorList_yLCSB"><a name="行业标准"></a><a name="14"></a></div><h2 name="14">行业标准</h2><div class="titleLine_qvm_c"></div><span><span data-tts-catalog="14" data-tts-from="paragraph" class="ttsBtn_BdcQo paragraph_ZFkUh"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M7.878 14.133c-.3 0-.7-.1-.9-.3l-2.8-2.5h-1.6c-.8 0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.4v-3.8c0-.8.6-1.4 1.4-1.4h1.6l2.7-2.4c.6-.5 1.4-.5 1.9.1.3.2.4.5.4.9v9.5c0 .7-.6 1.3-1.3 1.3zm-5.3-8.2c-.1 0-.2.1-.2.2v3.8c0 .1.1.2.2.2h1.4c.3 0 .6.1.9.3l2.8 2.5c.1.1.4 0 .4-.2v-9.4c0-.1 0-.1-.1-.2s-.2-.1-.3 0l-2.7 2.4c-.3.3-.6.4-.9.4h-1.5zm10.3 6.8c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.2-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.9-1 1.4-2.3 1.4-3.7 0-1.4-.5-2.7-1.4-3.7-.2-.2-.2-.6 0-.8.2-.2.6-.2.8 0 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.8 1.7 4.4s-.6 3.3-1.7 4.4c-.1.3-.2.4-.4.4z"></path><path d="M11.378 10.733c-.1 0-.2 0-.3-.1-.3-.2-.3-.6-.2-.8.4-.5.6-1.1.6-1.8s-.2-1.3-.6-1.8c-.1-.2-.1-.6.2-.8.2-.2.6-.1.8.2.5.7.8 1.5.8 2.4 0 .9-.3 1.7-.8 2.4-.1.2-.3.3-.5.3z"></path></svg><span>播报</span></span></span><div class="editLemma_bANOs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="m14 3.8-1.9-1.9c-.3-.3-.7-.4-1.1-.4-.4 0-.8.2-1.1.4l-8.4 8.4c-.3.3-.4.7-.4 1.1v1.9c0 .8.7 1.5 1.5 1.5h1.9c.4 0 .8-.2 1.1-.4L14 5.9c.6-.6.6-1.6 0-2.1zm-9.1 9.7c-.1.1-.2.1-.3.1H2.7c-.2 0-.4-.2-.4-.4v-1.9c0-.1 0-.2.1-.3l6.1-6 2.4 2.4-6 6.1zm8.3-8.4-1.5 1.5-2.4-2.4 1.5-1.5c.1-.1.2-.1.3-.1s.2 0 .3.1l1.9 1.9c.1.1.1.3-.1.5z"></path></svg><span class="text_mSLNz">编辑</span></div></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="usAU81sG4fcU" data-idx="13-1"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2016年8月3日，中国支付清算协会向支付机构下发《条码支付业务规范》（征求意见稿），明确指出支付机构开展条码业务需要遵循的安全标准。2017年12月25日，中国人民银行发布《条码支付业务规范（试行）》，2018年4月1日起实施。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [35]<em id="sup-35"></em></sup></span></div><div class="para_kLkYl content_j8RUv MARK_MODULE" data-tag="paragraph" data-uuid="tINkYzx8Ubyv" data-idx="13-2"><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">2023年6月16日，国家新闻出版署发布《</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true"><a class="innerLink_hQEzT" href="/item/%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%89%A9%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%A6%81%E6%B1%82/63152786?fromModule=lemma_inlink" target="_blank" data-from-module="">出版物二维码应用管理要求</a></span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-text="true">》行业标准</span><span class="text_o4f6P" data-ctrid-tinl3dzb9yxg="tINl3Dzb9YXg" data-text="true">。</span><span class="supWrap_Mu2hY J-supWrap"><sup data-tag="ref"> [4]<em id="sup-4" data-ctrid="tINl3Dzb9YXg"></em></sup></span></div><div class="J-pgc-after-content"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="background:#f5f5f5;padding:40px 0 10px"><div class="page-footer-content"><div class="fresh-block block-item"><div class="block-title"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em" fill="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"><path d="M512 32C247.04 32 32 247.04 32 512s215.04 480 480 480 480-215.04 480-480S776.96 32 512 32m0 853.12c-206.08 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