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In Rano Raraku a transformed landscape is reconstructed based upon soil chemistry, micromorphology, and macro and" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://sewanee.academia.edu/SarahSherwood" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://utfsm.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9MiguelRam%C3%ADrezAliaga" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://norwich.academia.edu/RichardDunn" /> <meta name="description" content="This study centers on excavations in the inner region of Rano Raraku, the megalithic statue (moai) quarry of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). In Rano Raraku a transformed landscape is reconstructed based upon soil chemistry, micromorphology, and macro and" /> <title>(PDF) New excavations in Easter Island's statue quarry: Soil fertility, site formation and chronology | Sarah C. Sherwood, José Miguel Ramírez-Aliaga, and Richard Dunn - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/41207090/New_excavations_in_Easter_Islands_statue_quarry_Soil_fertility_site_formation_and_chronology" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '92477ec68c09d28ae4730a4143c926f074776319'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732884574000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732884574000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"This study centers on excavations in the inner region of Rano Raraku, the megalithic statue (moai) quarry of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). In Rano Raraku a transformed landscape is reconstructed based upon soil chemistry, micromorphology, and macro and micro-botanical data framed within a stratigraphic and radiocarbon informed Bayesian model that is the first for Rapa Nui. We focus on moai RR-0001-156, one of only three moai in the island-wide corpus known to be embellished with a dense suite of cohesive petroglyph motifs. Our results confirm a cultivated landscape present on the inner south and east slopes of Rano Raraku that included sweet potato and probably bottle gourd along with Polynesian transfers banana, taro, and paper mulberry from the 14th century AD continuing into the early 19th century AD. During this time of sociopolitical transformation and land use change across the island labor-intensive rock gardens were developed to increase productivity as soil fertility declined in the context of deforestation and perhaps drought while the pan-island center of \u0026amp;#39;Oroŋo (Orongo) emerged at Rano Kau with an intensive ritual focus on fertility. Rano Raraku in sharp contrast had (and still has) extremely fertile soils that are the weathering byproduct of lapilli tuff sediments generated from the quarrying process and localized human activity. This study validates Rano Raraku as the major moai production center, establishes chronological parameters for the unique embellished statue and describes agricultural fertility to hypothesize a rich, multi-use landscape for Rano Raraku inner region that is unparalleled elsewhere on Rapa Nui.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Sarah C. Sherwood"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"José Miguel Ramírez-Aliaga"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Richard Dunn"}],"contributor":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"José Miguel Ramírez-Aliaga"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Richard Dunn"}],"dateCreated":"2019-12-06","dateModified":"2019-12-06","datePublished":"2019-01-01","headline":"New excavations in Easter Island's statue quarry: Soil fertility, site formation and chronology","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Geoarchaeology","Oceania (Archaeology)","Easter Island Archaeology","Polynesian Archaeology"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Journal of Archaeological Science","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/41207090/New_excavations_in_Easter_Islands_statue_quarry_Soil_fertility_site_formation_and_chronology","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"utfsm"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"norwich"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-102fa537001ba4d8dcd921ad9bd56c474abc201906ea4843e7e7efe9dfbf561d.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F41207090%2FNew_excavations_in_Easter_Islands_statue_quarry_Soil_fertility_site_formation_and_chronology%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":61445115,"identifier":"Attachment_61445115","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":41207090,"created_at":"2019-12-06T14:25:47.161-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-18T08:54:00.024-08:00","_data":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jas.2019.104994","abstract":"This study centers on excavations in the inner region of Rano Raraku, the megalithic statue (moai) quarry of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). In Rano Raraku a transformed landscape is reconstructed based upon soil chemistry, micromorphology, and macro and micro-botanical data framed within a stratigraphic and radiocarbon informed Bayesian model that is the first for Rapa Nui. We focus on moai RR-0001-156, one of only three moai in the island-wide corpus known to be embellished with a dense suite of cohesive petroglyph motifs. Our results confirm a cultivated landscape present on the inner south and east slopes of Rano Raraku that included sweet potato and probably bottle gourd along with Polynesian transfers banana, taro, and paper mulberry from the 14th century AD continuing into the early 19th century AD. During this time of sociopolitical transformation and land use change across the island labor-intensive rock gardens were developed to increase productivity as soil fertility declined in the context of deforestation and perhaps drought while the pan-island center of 'Oroŋo (Orongo) emerged at Rano Kau with an intensive ritual focus on fertility. Rano Raraku in sharp contrast had (and still has) extremely fertile soils that are the weathering byproduct of lapilli tuff sediments generated from the quarrying process and localized human activity. This study validates Rano Raraku as the major moai production center, establishes chronological parameters for the unique embellished statue and describes agricultural fertility to hypothesize a rich, multi-use landscape for Rano Raraku inner region that is unparalleled elsewhere on Rapa Nui.","publication_date":"2019,,","publication_name":"Journal of Archaeological Science"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"New excavations in Easter Island's statue quarry: Soil fertility, site formation and chronology","broadcastable":true,"draft":false,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [101291,6042077,1564974]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":61445115,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “New excavations in Easter Island's statue quarry: Soil fertility, site formation and chronology”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/61445115/mini_magick20191206-10182-15h5zhx.png?1575671778" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">New excavations in Easter Island's statue quarry: Soil fertility, site formation and chronology</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="101291" href="https://norwich.academia.edu/RichardDunn"><img alt="Profile image of Richard Dunn" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/101291/27894/25681/s65_richard.dunn.jpg" />Richard Dunn</a><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6042077" href="https://sewanee.academia.edu/SarahSherwood"><img alt="Profile image of Sarah C. Sherwood" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/6042077/2641450/3215706/s65_sarah_c..sherwood.jpg" />Sarah C. Sherwood</a><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1564974" href="https://utfsm.academia.edu/Jos%C3%A9MiguelRam%C3%ADrezAliaga"><img alt="Profile image of José Miguel Ramírez-Aliaga" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1564974/550471/15901605/s65_jos_miguel.ram_rez-aliaga.jpg" />José Miguel Ramírez-Aliaga</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2019, Journal of Archaeological Science</p><a class="js-loswp-work-card-doi-link ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2019.104994" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2019.104994</a><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">22 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 41207090; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=41207090"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">This study centers on excavations in the inner region of Rano Raraku, the megalithic statue (moai) quarry of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). In Rano Raraku a transformed landscape is reconstructed based upon soil chemistry, micromorphology, and macro and micro-botanical data framed within a stratigraphic and radiocarbon informed Bayesian model that is the first for Rapa Nui. We focus on moai RR-0001-156, one of only three moai in the island-wide corpus known to be embellished with a dense suite of cohesive petroglyph motifs. Our results confirm a cultivated landscape present on the inner south and east slopes of Rano Raraku that included sweet potato and probably bottle gourd along with Polynesian transfers banana, taro, and paper mulberry from the 14th century AD continuing into the early 19th century AD. During this time of sociopolitical transformation and land use change across the island labor-intensive rock gardens were developed to increase productivity as soil fertility declined in the context of deforestation and perhaps drought while the pan-island center of 'Oroŋo (Orongo) emerged at Rano Kau with an intensive ritual focus on fertility. Rano Raraku in sharp contrast had (and still has) extremely fertile soils that are the weathering byproduct of lapilli tuff sediments generated from the quarrying process and localized human activity. This study validates Rano Raraku as the major moai production center, establishes chronological parameters for the unique embellished statue and describes agricultural fertility to hypothesize a rich, multi-use landscape for Rano Raraku inner region that is unparalleled elsewhere on Rapa Nui.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":61445115,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/41207090/New_excavations_in_Easter_Islands_statue_quarry_Soil_fertility_site_formation_and_chronology"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":61445115,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/41207090/New_excavations_in_Easter_Islands_statue_quarry_Soil_fertility_site_formation_and_chronology"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="61445115" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/41207090/New_excavations_in_Easter_Islands_statue_quarry_Soil_fertility_site_formation_and_chronology" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="20062878" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20062878/Seeking_Solutions_An_Archaeological_Approach_to_Conservation_of_a_Threatened_Heritage_on_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_">Seeking Solutions: An Archaeological Approach to Conservation of a Threatened Heritage on Rapa Nui (Easter Island)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="453272" href="https://ucla.academia.edu/JoAnneVanTilburg">Jo Anne Van Tilburg</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Seeking Solutions: An Archaeological Approach to Conservation of a Threatened Heritage on Rapa Nui (Easter Island)","attachmentId":40985065,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20062878/Seeking_Solutions_An_Archaeological_Approach_to_Conservation_of_a_Threatened_Heritage_on_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/20062878/Seeking_Solutions_An_Archaeological_Approach_to_Conservation_of_a_Threatened_Heritage_on_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="111945782" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/111945782/Rano_Raraku_Statue_Quarry_Preliminary_Interpretations_of_Human_Activites_Suggested_by_Recent_Excavations_Geological_Mapping_and_Coring_Soils_Micromorphological_Analyses_and_Related_Scientific_Tests">Rano Raraku Statue Quarry: Preliminary Interpretations of Human Activites Suggested by Recent Excavations, Geological Mapping and Coring, Soils Micromorphological Analyses and Related Scientific Tests</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6042077" href="https://sewanee.academia.edu/SarahSherwood">Sarah C. Sherwood</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Easter Island and the Pacific: Cultural and Environmental Dynamics. Edited by: Burkhard Vogt, Annette Kühlem, Andreas Mieth, Hans-Rudolf Bork, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Rano Raraku is a collapsed structure on the flank of an erosional remnant of a former volcano. Wood samples confirm the former presence of palm forests and other forests in the basin, including at least one species of a large tree that was utilized to build canoes. Very fine wood coal found in the excavated levels represents clearing of the vegetation and colluvium movement. There were twenty one samples collected from two sub-profiles from 15 cm to a depth of 225cm and 245 to 430 cm of depth respectively; these phytoliths contain banana leaves (Musa) and paper mulberry leaf filaments (Broussonetia papyrifera). This supports the idea that the crops and arboriculture were transferred from Polynesia. All this evidence suggests that the quarries were established and developed after the initiation of agriculture and the clearing of the forests which produced sterile slopes. The erosion of the slopes was responsible for burying the statues in a vertical position at a speed of ~1 cm per year at a level of 4.5 m in the chambers of the quarries that act like local depot centers. Evidence from human bones and the mention of a burial ceremonial (mortuaries) from Routledge 1919, point to the burial activities that were carried out. However, there was no supporting evidence behind Moai 156. The analysis of the bones is still ongoing, and is not described here.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Rano Raraku Statue Quarry: Preliminary Interpretations of Human Activites Suggested by Recent Excavations, Geological Mapping and Coring, Soils Micromorphological Analyses and Related Scientific Tests","attachmentId":109330327,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/111945782/Rano_Raraku_Statue_Quarry_Preliminary_Interpretations_of_Human_Activites_Suggested_by_Recent_Excavations_Geological_Mapping_and_Coring_Soils_Micromorphological_Analyses_and_Related_Scientific_Tests","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/111945782/Rano_Raraku_Statue_Quarry_Preliminary_Interpretations_of_Human_Activites_Suggested_by_Recent_Excavations_Geological_Mapping_and_Coring_Soils_Micromorphological_Analyses_and_Related_Scientific_Tests"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="1219492" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1219492/Richards_C_et_al_2011_Road_my_body_goes_re_creating_ancestors_from_stone_at_the_great_moai_quarry_of_Rano_Raraku_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_">Richards, C. et al. 2011. Road my body goes: re-creating ancestors from stone at the great moai quarry of Rano Raraku, Rapa Nui (Easter Island)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38468" href="https://bradford.academia.edu/KarinaCroucher">Karina Croucher</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Recognizable throughout the world, the stone statues (moai) of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) represent the largest monolithic architecture produced in Polynesia. The exquisitely carved and finished head and torso of each statue testifies to a skill in stone carving and dressing unmatched throughout the Pacific. Yet, approximately one thousand ‘classic’ statues were produced at the quarries within a few hundred years. What was the ritual status of the quarry and the labour necessary to produce the numbers of statues that allowed Heyerdahl to declare that the ‘whole mountain massif has been reshaped, the volcano has been greedily cut up’ (1958: 83)? What was it like to go to work at Rano Raraku? By drawing on a range of evidence we argue that walking to and labouring at Rano Raraku represented a spatial and temporal journey to a place of highly dangerous forces, a cosmogonic centre where prehistoric Rapa Nui people came face to face with their ancestors and the Polynesian gods.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Richards, C. et al. 2011. Road my body goes: re-creating ancestors from stone at the great moai quarry of Rano Raraku, Rapa Nui (Easter Island)","attachmentId":52607550,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1219492/Richards_C_et_al_2011_Road_my_body_goes_re_creating_ancestors_from_stone_at_the_great_moai_quarry_of_Rano_Raraku_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1219492/Richards_C_et_al_2011_Road_my_body_goes_re_creating_ancestors_from_stone_at_the_great_moai_quarry_of_Rano_Raraku_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="43256108" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43256108/Degradation_of_Resources_and_Successful_Land_Use_Management_on_Prehistoric_Rapa_Nui_Two_Sides_of_the_Same_Coin">Degradation of Resources and Successful Land-Use Management on Prehistoric Rapa Nui: Two Sides of the Same Coin</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32488217" href="https://uni-kiel.academia.edu/HansRudolfBork">Hans-Rudolf Bork</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Degradation of Resources and Successful Land-Use Management on Prehistoric Rapa Nui: Two Sides of the Same Coin","attachmentId":63527469,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43256108/Degradation_of_Resources_and_Successful_Land_Use_Management_on_Prehistoric_Rapa_Nui_Two_Sides_of_the_Same_Coin","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43256108/Degradation_of_Resources_and_Successful_Land_Use_Management_on_Prehistoric_Rapa_Nui_Two_Sides_of_the_Same_Coin"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="43256128" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43256128/Prehistoric_and_Recent_Land_Use_Effects_on_Poike_Peninsula_Easter_Island_Rapa_Nui_">Prehistoric and Recent Land Use Effects on Poike Peninsula, Easter Island (Rapa Nui)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32488217" href="https://uni-kiel.academia.edu/HansRudolfBork">Hans-Rudolf Bork</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Prehistoric and Recent Land Use Effects on Poike Peninsula, Easter Island (Rapa Nui)","attachmentId":63527487,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43256128/Prehistoric_and_Recent_Land_Use_Effects_on_Poike_Peninsula_Easter_Island_Rapa_Nui_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43256128/Prehistoric_and_Recent_Land_Use_Effects_on_Poike_Peninsula_Easter_Island_Rapa_Nui_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="17208548" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17208548/Road_my_body_goes_re_creating_ancestors_from_stone_at_the_great_moai_quarry_of_Rano_Raraku_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_">Road my body goes: re-creating ancestors from stone at the great moai quarry of Rano Raraku, Rapa Nui (Easter Island)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="905716" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/Richards">colin Richards</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Road my body goes: re-creating ancestors from stone at the great moai quarry of Rano Raraku, Rapa Nui (Easter Island)","attachmentId":39371348,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17208548/Road_my_body_goes_re_creating_ancestors_from_stone_at_the_great_moai_quarry_of_Rano_Raraku_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17208548/Road_my_body_goes_re_creating_ancestors_from_stone_at_the_great_moai_quarry_of_Rano_Raraku_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="38129528" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38129528/Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_monument_ahu_locations_explained_by_freshwater_sources">Rapa Nui (Easter Island) monument (ahu) locations explained by freshwater sources</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="435229" href="https://auckland.academia.edu/AlexMorrison">Alex Morrison</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2393152" href="https://binghamton.academia.edu/RobertDiNapoli">Robert DiNapoli</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">PLoS ONE, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Explaining the processes underlying the emergence of monument construction is a major theme in contemporary anthropological archaeology, and recent studies have employed spatially-explicit modeling to explain these patterns. Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile) is famous for its elaborate ritual architecture, particularly numerous monumental platforms (ahu) and statuary (moai). To date, however, we lack explicit modeling to explain spatial and temporal aspects of monument construction. Here, we use spatially-explicit point-process modeling to explore the potential relations between ahu construction locations and subsistence resources, namely, rock mulch agricultural gardens, marine resources, and freshwater sources-the three most critical resources on Rapa Nui. Through these analyses, we demonstrate the central importance of coastal freshwater seeps for precontact populations. Our results suggest that ahu locations are most parsimoniously explained by distance from freshwater sources, in particular coastal seeps, with important implications for community formation and inter-community competition in precontact times.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Rapa Nui (Easter Island) monument (ahu) locations explained by freshwater sources","attachmentId":58159822,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38129528/Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_monument_ahu_locations_explained_by_freshwater_sources","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38129528/Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_monument_ahu_locations_explained_by_freshwater_sources"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="24882731" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24882731/The_end_of_moai_quarrying_and_its_effect_on_Lake_Rano_Raraku_Easter_Island">The end of moai quarrying and its effect on Lake Rano Raraku, Easter Island</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32539736" href="https://universiteitgent.academia.edu/HDumont">H. Dumont</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43006209" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BarbaraZeeb">Barbara Zeeb</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="48272611" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CCocquyt">C. Cocquyt</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="47967996" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JeanlouisReyss">Jean-louis Reyss</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1998</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The end of moai quarrying and its effect on Lake Rano Raraku, Easter Island","attachmentId":45203661,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24882731/The_end_of_moai_quarrying_and_its_effect_on_Lake_Rano_Raraku_Easter_Island","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/24882731/The_end_of_moai_quarrying_and_its_effect_on_Lake_Rano_Raraku_Easter_Island"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="956603" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/956603/A_quarried_landscape_in_the_Hawaiian_Islands">A quarried landscape in the Hawaiian Islands</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="702542" href="https://uq.academia.edu/MarshallWeisler">Marshall Weisler</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A quarried landscape in the Hawaiian Islands","attachmentId":34392232,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/956603/A_quarried_landscape_in_the_Hawaiian_Islands","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/956603/A_quarried_landscape_in_the_Hawaiian_Islands"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="43256123" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43256123/Diminution_and_Degradation_of_Environmental_Resources_by_Prehistoric_Use_on_Poike_Peninsula_Easter_Island_Rapa_Nui_">Diminution and Degradation of Environmental Resources by Prehistoric Use on Poike Peninsula, Easter Island (Rapa Nui)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32488217" href="https://uni-kiel.academia.edu/HansRudolfBork">Hans-Rudolf Bork</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Diminution and Degradation of Environmental Resources by Prehistoric Use on Poike Peninsula, Easter Island (Rapa 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You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="37229731" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37229731/Simpson_et_al_2018_Toki_adze_and_Pick_Production_During_Peak_Moai_Statue_Manufacture_Geochemical_and_radiometric_analyses_reveal_prehistoric_provenance_timing_and_use_of_Easter_Islands_fine_grain_basalt_resources">Simpson et al. 2018 Toki (adze) and Pick Production During Peak Moai (Statue) Manufacture: Geochemical and radiometric analyses reveal prehistoric provenance, timing and use of Easter Island's fine-grain basalt resources</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="422258" href="https://cod.academia.edu/DaleSimpsonJr">Dale F . Simpson Jr.</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Pacific Archaeology, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Simpson et al. 2018 Toki (adze) and Pick Production During Peak Moai (Statue) Manufacture: Geochemical and radiometric analyses reveal prehistoric provenance, timing and use of Easter Island's fine-grain basalt resources","attachmentId":57181170,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37229731/Simpson_et_al_2018_Toki_adze_and_Pick_Production_During_Peak_Moai_Statue_Manufacture_Geochemical_and_radiometric_analyses_reveal_prehistoric_provenance_timing_and_use_of_Easter_Islands_fine_grain_basalt_resources","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span 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art in context: Steps toward an understanding of the inscribed landscape inside the caldera of Rano Kau Volcano</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="12902894" href="https://independent.academia.edu/McCoyP">Patrick McCoy</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Rapa Nui rock art in context: Steps toward an understanding of the inscribed landscape inside the caldera of Rano Kau Volcano","attachmentId":52139047,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31847559/Rapa_Nui_rock_art_in_context_Steps_toward_an_understanding_of_the_inscribed_landscape_inside_the_caldera_of_Rano_Kau_Volcano","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span 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contact</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="327223" href="https://auckland.academia.edu/ThegnLadefoged">Thegn Ladefoged</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33147491" href="https://ucdavis.academia.edu/CedricPuleston">Cedric Puleston</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="703608" href="https://rbc.academia.edu/christopherstevenson">christopher stevenson</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="618954" href="https://ucsb.academia.edu/OliverChadwick">Oliver Chadwick</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link 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The LOC “moai roads” survey, 2010–2017</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="210553185" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/MikeSEAGERTHOMAS">Mike SEAGER THOMAS</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">UCL Landscapes of Construction Project Interim Reports, 2023</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Were the moai along Rapa Nui’s Ara Moai (moai roads) standing? 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Simpson Jr.</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Ph.D. Thesis - School of Social Science - The University of Queensland - St. Lucia, 2019</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Simpson 2019 Identifying prehistoric interaction on Rapa Nui (Easter Island): modelling the development of social complexity in extreme isolation","attachmentId":65181378,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44703612/Simpson_2019_Identifying_prehistoric_interaction_on_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_modelling_the_development_of_social_complexity_in_extreme_isolation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44703612/Simpson_2019_Identifying_prehistoric_interaction_on_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island_modelling_the_development_of_social_complexity_in_extreme_isolation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="35970786" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35970786/Simpson_Jr_D_F_and_Dussubieux_L_2018_A_collapsed_narrative_Geochemistry_and_spatial_distribution_of_basalt_quarries_and_fine_grained_artifacts_reveal_communal_use_of_stone_on_Rapa_Nui_Easter_Island">Simpson Jr., D.F. and Dussubieux, L., 2018. A collapsed narrative? Geochemistry and spatial distribution of basalt quarries and fine–grained artifacts reveal communal use of stone on Rapa Nui (Easter Island</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="422258" href="https://cod.academia.edu/DaleSimpsonJr">Dale F . Simpson Jr.</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6788952" href="https://fieldmuseum.academia.edu/LaureDussubieux">Laure Dussubieux</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Archaeological Science - Reports, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Simpson Jr., D.F. and Dussubieux, L., 2018. A collapsed narrative? 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(eds.), The Gotland Papers: Selected Papers from the VII International Conference on Easter Island and the Pacific: Migration, Identity, and Cultural Heritage (Gotland University, Sweden, August 20-25, 2007) (Gotland University Press 11), Gotland, p. 47-56.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="859724" href="https://kmkg-mrah.academia.edu/WouterClaes">Wouter Claes</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"CAUWE N., HUYGE D., COUPE D., DE POORTER A., LEMAITRE S., CLAES W., DE DAPPER M., DE MEULEMEESTER J. \u0026 AL-SHQOUR R., 2010, Ahu Motu Toremo Hiva (Poike Peninsula, Easter Island): Dynamic Architecture of a Series of Ahu, in: Wallin P. \u0026 Martinsson-Wallin H. 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