CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"59ce2b91-eb38-4310-be03-829ebea763c2","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities","wgTitle":"Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities","wgCurRevisionId":1245579493,"wgRevisionId":1245579493,"wgArticleId":50452021,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 errors: periodical ignored","CS1 Greek-language sources (el)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022","1984 in the European Economic Community","1985 in Greenland","Greenland–European Union relations","Politics of Greenland","Withdrawal from the European Union"], "wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities","wgRelevantArticleId":50452021,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true, "wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q24191955","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="918"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="612"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif/640px-EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="489"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities rootpage-Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Withdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Withdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Withdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Withdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Greenland's_accession_process_to_the_European_Communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greenland's_accession_process_to_the_European_Communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Greenland's accession process to the European Communities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Greenland's_accession_process_to_the_European_Communities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Greenland's accession process to the European Communities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Greenland's_accession_process_to_the_European_Communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Greenland_–_Denmark_relations_after_the_abolition_of_its_colonial_status_in_1953" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greenland_–_Denmark_relations_after_the_abolition_of_its_colonial_status_in_1953"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Greenland – Denmark relations after the abolition of its colonial status in 1953</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greenland_–_Denmark_relations_after_the_abolition_of_its_colonial_status_in_1953-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accession_negotiations_of_Denmark_to_become_a_member_of_the_European_Communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accession_negotiations_of_Denmark_to_become_a_member_of_the_European_Communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Accession negotiations of Denmark to become a member of the European Communities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accession_negotiations_of_Denmark_to_become_a_member_of_the_European_Communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Danish_referendum_on_the_accession_to_the_European_Communities_1972" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Danish_referendum_on_the_accession_to_the_European_Communities_1972"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Danish referendum on the accession to the European Communities 1972</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Danish_referendum_on_the_accession_to_the_European_Communities_1972-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Entry_of_Greenland_into_the_European_Communities_in_1973" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Entry_of_Greenland_into_the_European_Communities_in_1973"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Entry of Greenland into the European Communities in 1973</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Entry_of_Greenland_into_the_European_Communities_in_1973-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Developments_towards_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Developments_towards_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Developments towards a second referendum on the European Communities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Developments_towards_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Developments towards a second referendum on the European Communities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Developments_towards_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Political_developments_in_Greenland_since_its_accession_to_the_European_Communities_in_1973" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_developments_in_Greenland_since_its_accession_to_the_European_Communities_in_1973"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Political developments in Greenland since its accession to the European Communities in 1973</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_developments_in_Greenland_since_its_accession_to_the_European_Communities_in_1973-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Call_and_campaign_for_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Call_and_campaign_for_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Call and campaign for a second referendum on the European Communities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Call_and_campaign_for_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referendum_vote_of_23_February_1982" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referendum_vote_of_23_February_1982"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referendum vote of 23 February 1982</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referendum_vote_of_23_February_1982-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Withdrawal_process_and_the_Greenland_Treaty_of_1984" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Withdrawal_process_and_the_Greenland_Treaty_of_1984"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Withdrawal process and the Greenland Treaty of 1984</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Withdrawal_process_and_the_Greenland_Treaty_of_1984-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Withdrawal process and the Greenland Treaty of 1984 subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Withdrawal_process_and_the_Greenland_Treaty_of_1984-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Preparation_of_the_withdrawal_negotiations_ahead_of_the_1982_referendum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preparation_of_the_withdrawal_negotiations_ahead_of_the_1982_referendum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Preparation of the withdrawal negotiations ahead of the 1982 referendum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preparation_of_the_withdrawal_negotiations_ahead_of_the_1982_referendum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Withdrawal_negotiations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Withdrawal_negotiations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Withdrawal negotiations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Withdrawal_negotiations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greenland_Treaty_of_1984" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greenland_Treaty_of_1984"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Greenland Treaty of 1984</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greenland_Treaty_of_1984-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Potential_return_of_Greenland_to_the_EU" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Potential_return_of_Greenland_to_the_EU"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Potential return of Greenland to the EU</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Potential_return_of_Greenland_to_the_EU-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="انسحاب جرينلاند من المجموعات الأوروبية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انسحاب جرينلاند من المجموعات الأوروبية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keluarnya_Greenland_dari_Uni_Eropa" title="Keluarnya Greenland dari Uni Eropa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Keluarnya Greenland dari Uni Eropa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetun%C3%A9_Tanah_Ijo_saka_Komunitas_%C3%89konomi_%C3%89ropah" title="Wetuné Tanah Ijo saka Komunitas Ékonomi Éropah – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wetuné Tanah Ijo saka Komunitas Ékonomi Éropah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%B7%9E%E8%AB%B8%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%93%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E8%84%B1%E9%80%80" title="欧州諸共同体からのグリーンランド脱退 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="欧州諸共同体からのグリーンランド脱退" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B6nlands_uttr%C3%A4de_ur_Europeiska_gemenskaperna" title="Grönlands utträde ur Europeiska gemenskaperna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grönlands utträde ur Europeiska gemenskaperna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B7_%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2" title="Вихід Гренландії з Європейських Співтовариств – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вихід Гренландії з Європейських Співтовариств" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%99%B5%E5%85%B0%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%90%84%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%93" title="格陵兰退出欧洲各共同体 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格陵兰退出欧洲各共同体" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q24191955#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&oldid=1245579493" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&id=1245579493&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWithdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWithdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q24191955" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Greenland leaving the EC, precursor to the EU</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;">Greenland Treaty</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above description" style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ededed">Treaty amending, with regard to Greenland, the Treaties establishing the European Communities</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signed</th><td class="infobox-data">13 March 1984</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Effective</th><td class="infobox-data">1 February 1985</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signatories</th><td class="infobox-data attendee plainlist">10</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Depositary</th><td class="infobox-data">Government of the Italian Republic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data hlist">All 8 official <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_European_Union" title="Languages of the European Union">Languages of the European Communities</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ededed;">Full text</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/16px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/32px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Greenland_Treaty" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Greenland Treaty">Greenland Treaty</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif/260px-EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif" decoding="async" width="260" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif/390px-EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif/520px-EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">changing membership</a> of the EU. <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> is the large island at top left.</figcaption></figure> <p>After being a part of the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Communities</a> (EC) for twelve years, <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> withdrew in 1985. It had joined the EC in 1973 as a <a href="/wiki/County_of_Greenland,_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="County of Greenland, Denmark">county of Denmark</a>, even though a majority in Greenland was against joining. In a consultative <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a> in 1982, 53% of the electorate of Greenland voted to <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">withdraw from the Communities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-since1945_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-since1945-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This latter referendum became possible after the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Home_rule" title="Home rule">home rule</a> in Greenland in 1979. Following its withdrawal, which was regulated through the <a href="/wiki/Greenland_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenland Treaty">Greenland Treaty</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Greenland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenland–European Union relations">relationship between Greenland and the EC</a> was partly settled through an association under <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Countries_and_Territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas Countries and Territories">Overseas Countries and territories (OCT)</a> status.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, the Greenlandic withdrawal from the European Communities has marginally been referred to as "Greenxit".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Greenland's_accession_process_to_the_European_Communities"><span id="Greenland.27s_accession_process_to_the_European_Communities"></span>Greenland's accession process to the European Communities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Greenland's accession process to the European Communities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greenland_–_Denmark_relations_after_the_abolition_of_its_colonial_status_in_1953"><span id="Greenland_.E2.80.93_Denmark_relations_after_the_abolition_of_its_colonial_status_in_1953"></span>Greenland – Denmark relations after the abolition of its colonial status in 1953</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Greenland – Denmark relations after the abolition of its colonial status in 1953"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Greenland" title="History of Greenland">History of Greenland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greenland" title="Economy of Greenland">Economy of Greenland</a></div> <p>Greenland's <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonial status</a> from <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> officially ended in 1953 through an amendment of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Denmark" title="Constitution of Denmark">Danish Constitution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, Greenland was integrated as a county in the <a href="/wiki/Danish_Realm" title="Danish Realm">Realm of Denmark</a> and thus became an integral part of the <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Kingdom of Denmark</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This status granted Greenlanders the Danish <a href="/wiki/Citizenship" title="Citizenship">citizenship</a>. At the same time, despite the official end of colonialism, Denmark continued to follow a policy of <a href="/wiki/Cultural_assimilation" title="Cultural assimilation">cultural assimilation</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discriminatory practices</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> towards Greenlanders. A prominent example is the ‘birthplace criterion’, which granted non-Greenlandic, but Danish workers higher salaries than local Greenlandic workers.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The loss of the traditional <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">culture</a> of Greenland together with the growing dissatisfaction of mainly young Greenlanders ultimately played a decisive role when it came to the question of Greenland's <a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_independence" title="Greenlandic independence">independence movement</a>, both from Denmark and the European Communities.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the years following its <a href="/wiki/Greenland#Home_rule_and_self-rule" title="Greenland">decolonization</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greenland" title="Economy of Greenland">Greenland's economy</a> continued to be very dependent on the <a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry" title="Fishing industry">fishing sector</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Denmark was directly involved in the establishment of a real <a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Denmark" title="Fishing industry in Denmark">fishing industry</a> including manufacturing of fishing products.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite various attempts, other sectors of the economy did not develop much during that time. </p><p>As a County of the Kingdom of Denmark, the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Greenland" title="Foreign relations of Greenland">foreign relations of Greenland</a> as well as the governance of the island remained under control of Denmark.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accession_negotiations_of_Denmark_to_become_a_member_of_the_European_Communities">Accession negotiations of Denmark to become a member of the European Communities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Accession negotiations of Denmark to become a member of the European Communities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Denmark formally submitted its application to join the <a href="/wiki/European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities</a>, on 10 August 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a Constituency of Denmark, Greenland was fully integrated in the <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Denmark_to_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Accession of Denmark to the European Union">Danish accession process</a>. When negotiating its accession, the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Denmark" title="Cabinet of Denmark">Danish government</a> managed to secure a number of concessions and special conditions for Greenland. These included amongst other provisions a transition period of ten years in order to protect the fishing industry of Greenland.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, these concessions directly referred to subject areas that were considered sensitive or problematic for Greenland. On the one hand, Denmark was granted the possibility to restrict the <a href="/wiki/Free_movement_of_citizens" class="mw-redirect" title="Free movement of citizens">right of establishment</a> in Greenland and on the other hand Greenland received exceptions with regards to fisheries.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, even though Greenlandic fisherman were allocated a fairly high quota corresponding to their actual fishing capacity, there was a strong discontentment with the fishing quotas that were allocated to fishermen from other EC countries, such as Germany. This later developed into one of the main reasons for Greenland's withdrawal from the community. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Danish_referendum_on_the_accession_to_the_European_Communities_1972">Danish referendum on the accession to the European Communities 1972</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Danish referendum on the accession to the European Communities 1972"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 2 October 1972, the Danish government submitted the question of accession to the <a href="/wiki/European_Communities" title="European Communities">European Communities</a> to its electorate. The inhabitants of Greenland were also called to the <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">polls</a>. </p><p>While at Danish national level, 63.5% of the voters voted in favour of joining the Communities, in Greenland, however, the referendum resulted in a clear rejection of the EC by 70.8% of the voters. The clear rejection of the EC membership by the voters of Greenland was not only interpreted as a clear voice against the European Communities, but also as a strong rejection of the dominance of any foreign power.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, despite the clear rejection in Greenland, the island joined the European Communities as part of Denmark on 1 January 1973. </p><p>In this regard, the Greenlandic case differed from the <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands_and_the_European_Union#:~:text=The_Faroe_Islands,_a_self,(1991,_revised_1998)." title="Faroe Islands and the European Union">Faroe Islands</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a> attained home rule status in 1948, which, according to Danish legislation, allowed them not to be part of the Danish vote on the EC question. The <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands_and_the_European_Union" title="Faroe Islands and the European Union">Faroe Islands wished to stay outside the European Communities</a> and, thus, never joined them.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Entry_of_Greenland_into_the_European_Communities_in_1973">Entry of Greenland into the European Communities in 1973</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Entry of Greenland into the European Communities in 1973"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Denmark's accession to the European Communities on 1 January 1973<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also entailed the access to <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programme_de_l%27Union_europ%C3%A9enne" class="extiw" title="fr:Programme de l'Union européenne">Community funds</a>, which were substantial for Greenland. In addition to investments in infrastructure projects, a considerable amount of Community funding including from the <a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a> went into areas unrelated to fisheries, such as education, enterprises or projects in the field of energy resources.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:9_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In comparison with other EC regions in need, Greenland received by large the biggest amount per capita, of which some of the amounts were compensation for EC fishing rights in Greenland waters and loans.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Finally, with its accession to the Communities, Denmark reserved one of its seats in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> to a person from Greenland, and allowed an observer from Greenland to accompany the Danish <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council</a> member.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite these concessions and positive rights granted to Greenland, there remained a strong opposition in Greenland against the EC membership. It was characterized by a sentiment that its entry into the European Communities was forced by a majority of Danish voters and at the same time by a strong reluctance vis-à-vis the Community due to its fishery policy and general perception of the EC being too far away and not attentive towards Greenland's concerns and desires.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Developments_towards_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities">Developments towards a second referendum on the European Communities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Developments towards a second referendum on the European Communities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_developments_in_Greenland_since_its_accession_to_the_European_Communities_in_1973">Political developments in Greenland since its accession to the European Communities in 1973</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Political developments in Greenland since its accession to the European Communities in 1973"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Until the 1970s Greenland was solely governed by the Danish state. The <a href="/wiki/Decolonization" title="Decolonization">decolonization process</a> was administered through top-down decisions, which were agreed in the <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> and implemented in Greenland by a small Danish <a href="/wiki/Bourgeoisie" title="Bourgeoisie">bourgeoisie</a>. The Danish State retained control over <a href="/wiki/Economic_policy" title="Economic policy">economic</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Social_policy" title="Social policy">social policy</a> questions. It was only in the 1970s, that a real Greenlandic young <a href="/wiki/Elite" title="Elite">elite</a> arose. This elite, frustrated about the Danish domination,<sup id="cite_ref-:7_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was at the same time critical and outspoken against the Danish governance, and gradually took up political leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, an increased ethnic consciousness on the one hand and a political awareness of their country on the other hand emerged among the Greenlanders. This led to a political awakening through which the Greenlandic population became more determined about shaping the future of their own society.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first EC referendum in 1972 constituted a key moment and turning point in the <a href="/wiki/Political_history" title="Political history">political history</a> of Greenland. As a reaction towards the strongly voiced criticism over the Danish dominance, a <a href="/wiki/Home_rule" title="Home rule">Home-Rule</a> Committee consisting of only Greenlandic members was set up in 1973 with the mission to propose preliminary guidelines for a possible system of home rule for Greenland. The concrete formulation of a home rule system was subsequently addressed by a Danish-Greenland Home-Rule Commission in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greenland_Parliamentary_Elections_1979-2021.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Greenland_Parliamentary_Elections_1979-2021.png/574px-Greenland_Parliamentary_Elections_1979-2021.png" decoding="async" width="574" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Greenland_Parliamentary_Elections_1979-2021.png/861px-Greenland_Parliamentary_Elections_1979-2021.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Greenland_Parliamentary_Elections_1979-2021.png/1148px-Greenland_Parliamentary_Elections_1979-2021.png 2x" data-file-width="2645" data-file-height="1501" /></a><figcaption>Results of the Greenlandic Inatsisartut / Parliamentary Elections (1979-2021) illustrating the strength of the political parties reaching at least 1500 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The red and orange-coloured parties campaigned in the 1970s and 1980s for Greenland to leave the European Community. The blue-coloured parties argued for remaining in the EC.</figcaption></figure> <p>These political developments in the early 1970s also resulted in the creation of the first <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political parties</a> in Greenland.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within a short time, a diverse party landscape has emerged. The <i><b><a href="/wiki/Siumut" title="Siumut">Siumut</a></b></i> party (meaning “Forward”) was the first and since the very beginning most powerful party. Founded in 1975, it strongly advocated for self-governance, the introduction of home rule and the withdrawal from the European Communities.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second party to enter the political scene shortly thereafter was <i><b><a href="/wiki/Atassut" title="Atassut">Atassut</a></b></i> (“the Connecting Link”), which also favoured home rule for Greenland but opted for a unified approach towards Denmark and preferred to maintain the status quo, i.e. to remain in the Kingdom of Denmark. The third, but by far smallest political party at that time, was <i><b><a href="/wiki/Inuit_Ataqatigiit" title="Inuit Ataqatigiit">Inuit Ataqatigiit</a></b></i> (“Human/Inuit Brotherhood”). It followed the most radical line of national self-determination and called for complete independence on Greenland.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ultimately, on 17 January 1979, the <a href="/wiki/1979_Greenlandic_home_rule_referendum" title="1979 Greenlandic home rule referendum">Home Rule Act was submitted to Greenlandic voters</a> and adopted with a majority of 70.1% of the votes cast. Home rule, which was consequently introduced on 1 May 1979, set the basis for the future <a href="/wiki/Autonomy" title="Autonomy">autonomy</a> of Greenland over a vast number of topics including economic and social development as well as the establishment of own <a href="/wiki/Political_structure" title="Political structure">political structures</a> including the <i><b><a href="/wiki/Inatsisartut" title="Inatsisartut">Inatsisartut</a></b></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Legislative_assembly" title="Legislative assembly">legislative assembly</a>, and the <i><b><a href="/wiki/Naalakkersuisut" title="Naalakkersuisut">Naalakkersuisut</a></b></i>, a home rule <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/1979_Greenlandic_general_election" title="1979 Greenlandic general election">first elections of the Inatsisartut and Naalakkersuisut in 1979</a>, Siumut won a majority in both the legislative and executive of Greenland.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:13_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While home rule implied that Greenland still remained part of the Danish Kingdom, it gave the right to Greenland to renegotiate its relationship with the European Communities.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Call_and_campaign_for_a_second_referendum_on_the_European_Communities">Call and campaign for a second referendum on the European Communities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Call and campaign for a second referendum on the European Communities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The introduction of Home Rule in 1979, the rise of <i><a href="/wiki/Siumut" title="Siumut">Siumut</a></i> as the dominating party of Greenland following an anti-EC narrative, as well as the imminent end of the 10 years transition period as EC member gave a new impetus to the question over Greenland's remaining or possible withdrawal from the European Communities.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Spring 1981, the Greenlandic <i>Inatsisartut</i> unanimously agreed to hold a second, consultative referendum on the Community question in February 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For <i>Siumut</i>, which strongly campaigned in favour of withdrawing from the EC, exit was seen as a natural and important first step after the introduction of home rule for Greenland to shape its future. <i>Siumut</i> was supported by <i>Inuit Ataqatigiit</i>. Both argued that the EC membership constituted a threat to Greenland's <a href="/wiki/Identity_politics" title="Identity politics">political</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cultural_identity" title="Cultural identity">cultural identity</a> and they demanded that control over the Greenlandic fishing industry be regained from the EC bodies.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Atassut</i> on the other hand also called for an end of the exploitation of Greenland's fisheries by the European Communities, but was against Greenland leaving the EC. The party suggested to renegotiate with the Community its membership provisions on fishing and argued that only a close cooperation with the countries of the European Communities allows Greenland to successfully complete its process of modernization. <i>Atassut</i> strongly emphasized in its arguments for remain the financial losses a withdrawal from the European Communities would bring about, as this would ultimately end the large EC funding.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Overall, the <a href="/wiki/Political_campaign" title="Political campaign">campaign</a> surrounding the second EC referendum in 1981 and early 1982 was not only lengthy and expensive, but also unusually harsh and bitter by Greenlandic standards, which was echoed in an atmosphere of anger and disappointment among Greenlanders.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The arguments used by both supporters and opponents were mainly economic. The <i>leavers</i> called for an independent fisheries policy, whereas the <i>remainers</i> recalled the importance of the EC funding for the development of the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greenland" title="Economy of Greenland">Greenlandic economy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referendum_vote_of_23_February_1982">Referendum vote of 23 February 1982</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Referendum vote of 23 February 1982"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EC_membership_referenda_Greenland_1972_1982.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/EC_membership_referenda_Greenland_1972_1982.png/551px-EC_membership_referenda_Greenland_1972_1982.png" decoding="async" width="551" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/EC_membership_referenda_Greenland_1972_1982.png/827px-EC_membership_referenda_Greenland_1972_1982.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/EC_membership_referenda_Greenland_1972_1982.png/1102px-EC_membership_referenda_Greenland_1972_1982.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Results of the 1972 and 1982 referendums in Greenland on membership in the European Communities and voter turnout<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/1982_Greenlandic_European_Communities_membership_referendum" title="1982 Greenlandic European Communities membership referendum">referendum on Greenland's staying in or withdrawal from the European Communities</a> took place on 23 February 1982. Although under the Danish Constitution only a <a href="/wiki/Consultative_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="Consultative referendum">consultative referendum</a> was possible,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Danish government has made it clear prior to the vote cast that they would accept a withdrawal vote as a binding negotiating mandate vis-à-vis the EC.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this second EC referendum within ten years, 52% of the Greenlandic electorate voted for a withdrawal from the European Communities. The <a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">turnout</a> at this vote cast was historically high with 74.9%.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various reasons were put forward after the vote to explain the result. First and foremost, the general aversion of the population to the EC played a crucial role. The EC were seen as far-away, <a href="/wiki/Supranational_institution" class="mw-redirect" title="Supranational institution">supranational</a> institutions, which not only showed little consideration of Greenland's <a href="/wiki/National_interest" title="National interest">interests</a> but in some instances actively overruled them - giving echoes of colonial times. Other causes put forward include the sensitivity among the Greenlandic population over issues concerning fisheries and the independent control over their <a href="/wiki/Raw_material" title="Raw material">raw materials</a>, which were both considered to be threatened through the EC membership. Finally, the introduction of home rule less than three years before the referendum and, linked to this, the increased perception of political ownership in Greenland are additional reasons which can explain the outcome of the 1982 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, as compared to the 1972 referendum, the results of the 1982 vote show that despite these factors, the popularity of the European Communities had nonetheless risen considerably in the 10 years of membership. While in 1972 more than 70% were against EC membership, in 1982 the majority shrank to 52%.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_33-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Overall, according to scholars such as Johanson and Lehmann Sørensen, the outcome of the referendum revealed that Greenlanders were ready to pay the price of withdrawal, which implied not only the loss of the financial support coming from the Communities as a member but in the long run might also result in a "slower pace of <a href="/wiki/Economic_development" title="Economic development">development</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-:13_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding the reactions to the 1982 referendum, the Danish government declared its full support in the <a href="/wiki/Negotiation" title="Negotiation">negotiations</a> over Greenland's <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">withdrawal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it also made clear that the Danish treasury would not give any kind of compensation payments for the loss of EC subsidies.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Withdrawal_process_and_the_Greenland_Treaty_of_1984">Withdrawal process and the Greenland Treaty of 1984</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Withdrawal process and the Greenland Treaty of 1984"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preparation_of_the_withdrawal_negotiations_ahead_of_the_1982_referendum">Preparation of the withdrawal negotiations ahead of the 1982 referendum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Preparation of the withdrawal negotiations ahead of the 1982 referendum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Already one year before the referendum vote on a possible Greenlandic withdrawal from the European Communities, the question of the options for future <a href="/wiki/Greenland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenland–European Union relations">EU-Greenland relations</a> was discussed in Greenland. The options on the table included on the one hand a status similar to the one of the Faroe Islands and on the other hand <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Countries_and_Territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas Countries and Territories">OCT status</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> OCT status was a special arrangement, created under the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome" title="Treaty of Rome">Rome Treaty</a> (Articles 131–136)<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1957 for overseas countries and territories of EC member states. In August 1981, the government of Greenland, the <a href="/wiki/Naalakkersuisut" title="Naalakkersuisut">Naalakkersuisut</a>, declared that it would opt for an OCT status. This guaranteed a “certain degree of economic integration into the common market” and most importantly “tariff-free access to the <a href="/wiki/Common_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Market">Common Market</a> for export of fish and fish products”.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, through the OCT status the territories and countries concerned could benefit from the special financial aids and loans granted through the <a href="/wiki/European_Development_Fund" title="European Development Fund">European Development Fund</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a>. Overall, in terms of capital and trade, the OCT status was thus considered more advantageous for Greenland than <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands_and_the_European_Union" title="Faroe Islands and the European Union">Faroe Status</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Withdrawal_negotiations">Withdrawal negotiations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Withdrawal negotiations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the Danish government had already declared before the Greenland referendum that it would accept the result as a definitive outcome, the Greenlandic government's request to launch its EC withdrawal negotiations was mainly a formality. However, on the basis of the EC treaties, it was still the Government of Denmark which was officially leading the negotiations for the withdrawal and not the Greenlandic government itself.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:15_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1982, the Danish government submitted to the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council</a> a proposal in form of a draft <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaty</a> which was envisaged to amend the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome" title="Treaty of Rome">Rome Treaty</a> in order for Greenland to exit the Communities and to obtain OCT status.<sup id="cite_ref-:17_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it is important to emphasize that at that time there was no treaty provision for withdrawal from the <a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Communities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Without the willingness of the member states of the Community to react to the “withdrawal notice” and to engage in negotiations, the whole withdrawal process could potentially have been abandoned at that point.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in February 1983, the Commission responded with a favourable opinion<sup id="cite_ref-:17_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on Greenland's withdrawal from the EC and its request of OCT status “with certain specific provisions”.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whereas, it is put forward that the EC “had hardly any other choice than to agree to negotiations”, the position regarding future EU-Greenland relations and most particularly OCT status was not uncontroversial at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the Irish <a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_the_European_Communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioner of the European Communities">Commissioner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Burke_(Irish_politician)" title="Richard Burke (Irish politician)">Richard Burke</a>, visited a number of EC <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capitals</a> in the end of 1982 and early 1983, in order to draft the Commission's opinion,<sup id="cite_ref-:17_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he “met widespread opposition against granting favourable OCT status to a withdrawing EC member”.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main arguments voiced by <a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">EC member states</a> against a beneficial OCT status without major commitments from the side of Greenland were that this would set a precedent for regions in other member states to request home rule or even autonomy and subsequently a withdrawal from the EC. Also the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> was relatively reluctant to create a precedent arguing that “exit should not benefit a country voluntarily asking to leave”.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Danish government's counter-argument was that “Greenland should not benefit but should also not be punished for leaving”.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, it also argued that Greenland should enjoy more leeway given the vital strategic role it assumed during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> by hosting US bases.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately, it was recognised that the culture, geographic location, economic structure and many other features of Greenland were so distinct from other EC member states, that the 'precedent argument' did not apply.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding the position of Greenland on the withdrawal negotiations, it was emphasized that EC fishermen should not have unconditional access to Greenland fishing waters, but that they had to pay for licenses. Further, but less controversial, requests concerned the rights of establishment, underground resources and “Inuit circumpolar co-operation”.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greenland_Treaty_of_1984">Greenland Treaty of 1984</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Greenland Treaty of 1984"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The final revision of the treaty and thereby the withdrawal conditions for Greenland from the European Communities were decided by the Council in Brussels on 13 March 1984. The so-called <b>“Greenland Treaty”</b><sup id="cite_ref-:8_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> comprised the following provisions: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Article 1 </td> <td>Removal of Greenland from the Coal and Steel Agreements (ECSC) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 2-4 </td> <td>Definition of Greenland as an overseas territory associated with the EEC (OCT status) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 5 </td> <td>Removal of Greenland from EURATOM </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 6-7 </td> <td>Provisions on ratification, entry into force and depository of the treaty </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Additional Protocol on special arrangements for Greenland,<sup id="cite_ref-:8_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was attached to the Greenland Treaty, included the following articles: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Article 1 </td> <td>Exemptions of Greenland from export duties regarding fishery products under certain conditions </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 2 </td> <td>Transition arrangements regarding rights of establishment and financial assistance </td></tr> <tr> <td>Article 3 </td> <td>Adding of Greenland to the list of OCTs </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Overall, the treaty granted Greenland to keep its financial contribution and fishing rights and to enjoy tariff free access of fishing products to the EU, provided that a satisfactory agreement was found on fisheries.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Treaty arranged for the exit of Greenland and amended earlier treaties of the European Communities. As such, it is an integral part of the constitutional basis of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 March 1984, the ten member states of the European Communities signed the Greenland Treaty. Following the <a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">ratification</a> of the Treaty by the <a href="/wiki/National_parliaments_of_the_European_Union" title="National parliaments of the European Union">national parliaments</a> of all EC member states, except for Greece, which ratified it by a joint decision of Ministers of Foreign Affairs and National Economy and Finance,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Greenland Treaty entered into force on 1 February 1985, which also marks the formal date of withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Greenland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenland–European Union relations">Greenland–European Union relations</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Potential_return_of_Greenland_to_the_EU">Potential return of Greenland to the EU</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Potential return of Greenland to the EU"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three decades after Greenland's withdrawal from the European Communities, a minority of Greenlandic politicians and business leaders recently suggested that a re-entry of Greenland into the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> should be considered. This could above all help to diversify Greenland's economy outside the fisheries sector.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from a few isolated voices, this proposal has not been followed through in Greenlandic politics at the moment. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Iceland–European Union relations">Iceland</a> applied for membership of the EU in 2009, and hoped for an exception to the <a href="/wiki/Common_Fisheries_Policy" title="Common Fisheries Policy">Common Fisheries Policy</a>, which was not given<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. Such an exception could have changed the opinion in Greenland,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> if given to them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Danish withdrawal from the European Union">Danish withdrawal from the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_and_the_European_Union" title="Greenland and the European Union">Greenland and the European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Greenland (European Parliament constituency)">Greenland (European Parliament constituency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawal from the European Union</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-since1945-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-since1945_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJørn_Boye_Nielsen2014" class="citation cs2">Jørn Boye Nielsen (2014), Bernard Cook (ed.), <i>Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia</i>, Routledge, p. 541, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135179328" title="Special:BookSources/9781135179328"><bdi>9781135179328</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Europe+Since+1945%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=541&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781135179328&rft.au=J%C3%B8rn+Boye+Nielsen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/summary/glossary/overseas_countries_and_territories.html">"Glossary of summaries - Overseas Countries and Territories"</a>. <i>EUR-Lex</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EUR-Lex&rft.atitle=Glossary+of+summaries+-+Overseas+Countries+and+Territories&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2Fsummary%2Fglossary%2Foverseas_countries_and_territories.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatel2018" class="citation book cs1">Patel, Kiran Klaus (2018). "Something new under the sun?". In Martill, Benjamin; Staiger, Uta (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt20krxf8.18"><i>Something new under the sun?: The lessons of Algeria and Greenland</i></a>. Rethinking the Futures of Europe. UCL Press. pp. 114–120. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2Fj.ctt20krxf8.18">10.2307/j.ctt20krxf8.18</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78735-276-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78735-276-6"><bdi>978-1-78735-276-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt20krxf8.18">j.ctt20krxf8.18</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Something+new+under+the+sun%3F&rft.btitle=Something+new+under+the+sun%3F%3A+The+lessons+of+Algeria+and+Greenland&rft.series=Rethinking+the+Futures+of+Europe&rft.pages=114-120&rft.pub=UCL+Press&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt20krxf8.18%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2Fj.ctt20krxf8.18&rft.isbn=978-1-78735-276-6&rft.aulast=Patel&rft.aufirst=Kiran+Klaus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt20krxf8.18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiddoch2017" class="citation book cs1">Riddoch, Lesley (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9iOeDgAAQBAJ"><i>McSmörgåsbord: What post-Brexit Scotland can learn from the Nordics</i></a>. Luath Press Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-910324-91-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-910324-91-2"><bdi>978-1-910324-91-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=McSm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord%3A+What+post-Brexit+Scotland+can+learn+from+the+Nordics&rft.pub=Luath+Press+Ltd&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-910324-91-2&rft.aulast=Riddoch&rft.aufirst=Lesley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9iOeDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlfredsson1982" class="citation journal cs1">Alfredsson, Gudmundur (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=14&g_sent=1&casa_token=&collection=journals">"Greenland and the Law of Political Decolonization"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 290–308 [303] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland+and+the+Law+of+Political+Decolonization&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=290-308+303&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Alfredsson&rft.aufirst=Gudmundur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D14%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohansenLehmann_Sǿrensen1983" class="citation journal cs1">Johansen, Ove; Lehmann Sǿrensen, Carsten (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">"Greenland's way out of the European Community"</a>. <i>The World Today</i>. <b>39</b> (7/8): 270–277 [270]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">40395531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Today&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+way+out+of+the+European+Community&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.pages=270-277+270&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Johansen&rft.aufirst=Ove&rft.au=Lehmann+S%C7%BFrensen%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFORVIK1984" class="citation journal cs1">ORVIK, Nils (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/intj39&collection=journals&id=942&startid=&endid=971">"Greenland: The Politics of a New Northern Nation"</a>. <i>International Journal</i>. <b>39</b> (4): 932–961, 939 – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal&rft.atitle=Greenland%3A+The+Politics+of+a+New+Northern+Nation&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=932-961%2C+939&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=ORVIK&rft.aufirst=Nils&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fintj39%26collection%3Djournals%26id%3D942%26startid%3D%26endid%3D971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlfredson1982" class="citation journal cs1">Alfredson, Gudmundur (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=14&g_sent=1&casa_token=&collection=journals">"Greenland and the Law of Political Decolonization"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 290–308 [302] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland+and+the+Law+of+Political+Decolonization&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=290-308+302&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Alfredson&rft.aufirst=Gudmundur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D14%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyck_&_Taagholt1987" class="citation journal cs1">Lyck & Taagholt, Lise & Jorgen (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.14430%2Farctic1746">"Greenland – its Economy and Resources"</a>. <i>Arctic</i>. <b>40</b> (1): 50–59 [52]. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.14430%2Farctic1746">10.14430/arctic1746</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40510564">40510564</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic&rft.atitle=Greenland+%E2%80%93+its+Economy+and+Resources&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=50-59+52&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.14430%2Farctic1746&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40510564%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Lyck+%26+Taagholt&rft.aufirst=Lise+%26+Jorgen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.14430%252Farctic1746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGullǿv1979" class="citation journal cs1">Gullǿv, Hans Christian (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">"Home RuIe in GreenIand"</a>. <i>Études / Inuit / Studies - revendications autochtones / Native claims</i>. <b>3</b> (1): 131–142 [133]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">42869305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes+%2F+Inuit+%2F+Studies+-+revendications+autochtones+%2F+Native+claims&rft.atitle=Home+RuIe+in+GreenIand&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=131-142+133&rft.date=1979&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Gull%C7%BFv&rft.aufirst=Hans+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:9_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyvk_&_Taagholt1987" class="citation journal cs1">Lyvk & Taagholt, Lise & Jorgen (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.14430%2Farctic1746">"Greenland – its Economy and Resources"</a>. <i>Arctic</i>. <b>40</b> (1): 50–59 [58]. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.14430%2Farctic1746">10.14430/arctic1746</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40510564">40510564</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic&rft.atitle=Greenland+%E2%80%93+its+Economy+and+Resources&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=50-59+58&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.14430%2Farctic1746&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40510564%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Lyvk+%26+Taagholt&rft.aufirst=Lise+%26+Jorgen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.14430%252Farctic1746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cvce.eu/obj/denmark_s_application_for_membership_to_the_eec_copenhagen_10_august_1961-en-4cfcf9e2-a0f7-47dc-a100-3e73318fa22b.html">"Denmark's application letter for membership to the EEC"</a>. <i>CVCE</i>. Bulletin of the European Economic Community: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. 10 August 1961<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CVCE&rft.atitle=Denmark%27s+application+letter+for+membership+to+the+EEC&rft.date=1961-08-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cvce.eu%2Fobj%2Fdenmark_s_application_for_membership_to_the_eec_copenhagen_10_august_1961-en-4cfcf9e2-a0f7-47dc-a100-3e73318fa22b.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeach2020" class="citation book cs1">Beach, Derek (2020). "Referendums in Denmark Influence on Politics". In Christiansen, Peter Munk; Elklit, Jørgen; Nedergaard, Peter (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198833598.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780198833598-e-20"><i>The Oxford Handbook of Danish Politics</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 1–23 [19]. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780198833598.013.20">10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198833598.013.20</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-883359-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-883359-8"><bdi>978-0-19-883359-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Referendums+in+Denmark+Influence+on+Politics&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Danish+Politics&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=1-23+19&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780198833598.013.20&rft.isbn=978-0-19-883359-8&rft.aulast=Beach&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordhandbooks.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780198833598.001.0001%2Foxfordhb-9780198833598-e-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kramer, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC) - Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [274] – via HeinOnline. <q>Greenlandic fishermen were allocated as much of the total allowable catch as they were able to catch.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29+-+Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+274&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDahl1986" class="citation journal cs1">Dahl, Jens (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316118">"Greenland – Political Structure of Self-Government"</a>. <i>Arctic Anthropology</i>. <b>23</b> (1/2): 315–324 [322]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316118">40316118</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Greenland+%E2%80%93+Political+Structure+of+Self-Government&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.pages=315-324+322&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40316118%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Dahl&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40316118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kramer, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC) - Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [274] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29+-+Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+274&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L:1972:073:FULL&from=EN">"Treaty of Accession of Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom to the European Communities"</a>. <i>Official Journal of the European Communities</i>. <b>L 73</b>: 1–206. 27 March 1972 – via EUR-Lex.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Official+Journal+of+the+European+Communities&rft.atitle=Treaty+of+Accession+of+Denmark%2C+Ireland+and+the+United+Kingdom+to+the+European+Communities&rft.volume=L+73&rft.pages=1-206&rft.date=1972-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2Flegal-content%2FEN%2FTXT%2FPDF%2F%3Furi%3DOJ%3AL%3A1972%3A073%3AFULL%26from%3DEN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKRAMER1982" class="citation journal cs1">KRAMER, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC)-Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [275] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29-Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+275&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=KRAMER&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kramer, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC) - Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [277] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29+-+Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+277&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:7_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFACKRÉN2019" class="citation journal cs1">ACKRÉN, Maria (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://popups.uliege.be/1374-3864/index.php?id=1892">"Referendums in Greenland - From Home Rule to Self-Government"</a>. <i>Fédéralisme Régionalisme</i>. <b>19</b>: 1–11 [1] – via Université de Liège.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ralisme+R%C3%A9gionalisme&rft.atitle=Referendums+in+Greenland+-+From+Home+Rule+to+Self-Government&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=1-11+1&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=ACKR%C3%89N&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopups.uliege.be%2F1374-3864%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D1892&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDahl1986" class="citation journal cs1">Dahl, Jens (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316118">"Greenland – Political Structure of Self-Government"</a>. <i>Arctic Anthropology</i>. <b>23</b> (1&2): 315–324 [316]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316118">40316118</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Greenland+%E2%80%93+Political+Structure+of+Self-Government&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1%262&rft.pages=315-324+316&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40316118%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Dahl&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40316118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGULLØV1979" class="citation journal cs1">GULLØV, Hans Christian (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">"Home RuIe in GreenIand"</a>. <i>Études/Inuit/Studies - revendications autochtones / Native claims</i>. <b>3</b> (1): 131–142 [134]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">42869305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes%2FInuit%2FStudies+-+revendications+autochtones+%2F+Native+claims&rft.atitle=Home+RuIe+in+GreenIand&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=131-142+134&rft.date=1979&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=GULL%C3%98V&rft.aufirst=Hans+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bank.stat.gl/pxweb/en/Greenland/Greenland__SA__SA99__SA30/SAXLANST.px/">"Elections to Landsting by time, constituencies and votes cast"</a>. <i>StatBank Greenland</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=StatBank+Greenland&rft.atitle=Elections+to+Landsting+by+time%2C+constituencies+and+votes+cast&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbank.stat.gl%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2FGreenland%2FGreenland__SA__SA99__SA30%2FSAXLANST.px%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.valg.gl/">"Parliament Election Result"</a>. <i>Qinersineq.gl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Qinersineq.gl&rft.atitle=Parliament+Election+Result&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.valg.gl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:11_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:11_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDahl1986" class="citation journal cs1">Dahl, Jens (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316118">"Greenland – Political Structure of Self-Government"</a>. <i>Arctic Anthropology</i>. <b>23</b> (1&2): 315–324 [318]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316118">40316118</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Greenland+%E2%80%93+Political+Structure+of+Self-Government&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1%262&rft.pages=315-324+318&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40316118%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Dahl&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40316118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:12_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:12_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlfredsson1982" class="citation journal cs1">Alfredsson, Gudmundur (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=14&g_sent=1&casa_token=&collection=journals">"Greenland and the Law of Political Decolonization"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 290–308 [291] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland+and+the+Law+of+Political+Decolonization&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=290-308+291&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Alfredsson&rft.aufirst=Gudmundur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D14%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAckrén2019" class="citation journal cs1">Ackrén, Maria (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://popups.uliege.be/1374-3864/index.php?id=1892">"Referendums in Greenland - From Home Rule to Self-Government"</a>. <i>Fédéralisme Régionalisme</i>. <b>19</b>: 1–11, p. 2 – via Université de Liège.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ralisme+R%C3%A9gionalisme&rft.atitle=Referendums+in+Greenland+-+From+Home+Rule+to+Self-Government&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=1-11%2C+p.+2&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Ackr%C3%A9n&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopups.uliege.be%2F1374-3864%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D1892&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGULLØV1979" class="citation journal cs1">GULLØV, Hans Christian (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">"Home RuIe in GreenIand"</a>. <i>Études/Inuit/Studies - revendications autochtones / Native claims</i>. <b>3</b> (1): 131–142 [137]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">42869305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes%2FInuit%2FStudies+-+revendications+autochtones+%2F+Native+claims&rft.atitle=Home+RuIe+in+GreenIand&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=131-142+137&rft.date=1979&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=GULL%C3%98V&rft.aufirst=Hans+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGullǿv1979" class="citation journal cs1">Gullǿv, Hans Christian (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">"Home RuIe in GreenIand"</a>. <i>Études/Inuit/Studies - revendications autochtones / Native claims</i>. <b>3</b> (1): 131–142 [132]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">42869305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes%2FInuit%2FStudies+-+revendications+autochtones+%2F+Native+claims&rft.atitle=Home+RuIe+in+GreenIand&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=131-142+132&rft.date=1979&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Gull%C7%BFv&rft.aufirst=Hans+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDahl1986" class="citation journal cs1">Dahl, Jens (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316118">"Greenland – Political Structure of Self-Government"</a>. <i>Arctic Anthropology</i>. <b>23</b> (1&2): 315–324 [315]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40316118">40316118</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Greenland+%E2%80%93+Political+Structure+of+Self-Government&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1%262&rft.pages=315-324+315&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40316118%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Dahl&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40316118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:13-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:13_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:13_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJOHANSENLEHMANN_SØRENSEN1983" class="citation journal cs1">JOHANSEN, Ove; LEHMANN SØRENSEN, Carsten (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">"Greenland's way out of the European Community"</a>. <i>The World Today</i>. <b>39</b> (7/8): 270–277 [271]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">40395531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Today&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+way+out+of+the+European+Community&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.pages=270-277+271&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=JOHANSEN&rft.aufirst=Ove&rft.au=LEHMANN+S%C3%98RENSEN%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGULLØV1979" class="citation journal cs1">GULLØV, Hans Christian (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">"Home RuIe in GreenIand"</a>. <i>Études/Inuit/Studies - revendications autochtones / Native claims</i>. <b>3</b> (1): 131–142 [140]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/42869305">42869305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%89tudes%2FInuit%2FStudies+-+revendications+autochtones+%2F+Native+claims&rft.atitle=Home+RuIe+in+GreenIand&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=131-142+140&rft.date=1979&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=GULL%C3%98V&rft.aufirst=Hans+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F42869305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:14-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_33-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohansenLehmann_SEHMANN_SØRENSEN1983" class="citation journal cs1">Johansen, Ove; Lehmann SEHMANN SØRENSEN, Carsten (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">"Greenland's way out of the European Community"</a>. <i>The World Today</i>. <b>39</b> (7/8): 270–277, p. 272. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">40395531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Today&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+way+out+of+the+European+Community&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.pages=270-277%2C+p.+272&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Johansen&rft.aufirst=Ove&rft.au=Lehmann+SEHMANN+S%C3%98RENSEN%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAckrén2019" class="citation journal cs1">Ackrén, Maria (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://popups.uliege.be/1374-3864/index.php?id=1892">"Referendums in Greenland - From Home Rule to Self-Government"</a>. <i>Fédéralisme Régionalisme</i>. <b>19</b>: 1–11 [3] – via Université de Liège.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ralisme+R%C3%A9gionalisme&rft.atitle=Referendums+in+Greenland+-+From+Home+Rule+to+Self-Government&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=1-11+3&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Ackr%C3%A9n&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpopups.uliege.be%2F1374-3864%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D1892&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:15-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:15_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:15_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:15_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:15_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kramer, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC) - Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [282] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29+-+Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+282&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kramer, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC) - Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [279–281] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29+-+Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+279-281&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohansenLehmsnn_Sǿrensen1983" class="citation journal cs1">Johansen, Ove; Lehmsnn Sǿrensen, Carsten (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">"Greenland's way out of the European Community"</a>. <i>The World Today</i>. <b>39</b> (7/8): 270–277 [273]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">40395531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Today&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+way+out+of+the+European+Community&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.pages=270-277+273&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Johansen&rft.aufirst=Ove&rft.au=Lehmsnn+S%C7%BFrensen%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:16-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:16_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:16_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:16_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohansenLehmann_Sǿrensen1983" class="citation journal cs1">Johansen, Ove; Lehmann Sǿrensen, Carsten (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">"Greenland's way out of the European Community"</a>. <i>The World Today</i>. <b>39</b> (7/8): 270–277 [274–275]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">40395531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Today&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+way+out+of+the+European+Community&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.pages=270-277+274-275&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Johansen&rft.aufirst=Ove&rft.au=Lehmann+S%C7%BFrensen%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/romania/sites/default/files/tratatul_de_la_roma.pdf">"Rome Treaty of 1957"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>European Commission</i>. Rome. 25 March 1957.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Commission&rft.atitle=Rome+Treaty+of+1957&rft.date=1957-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fromania%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Ftratatul_de_la_roma.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJOHANSENLEHMANN_SØRENSEN1983" class="citation journal cs1">JOHANSEN, Ove; LEHMANN SØRENSEN, Carsten (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">"Greenland's way out of the European Community"</a>. <i>The World Today</i>. <b>39</b> (7/8): 270–277 [275]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">40395531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Today&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+way+out+of+the+European+Community&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.pages=270-277+275&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=JOHANSEN&rft.aufirst=Ove&rft.au=LEHMANN+S%C3%98RENSEN%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:17-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:17_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:17_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:17_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/1d9162ed-faef-4111-93b2-7941b0deb294"><i>Status of Greenland : Commission opinion : Commission communication presented to the Council on 2 February 1983</i></a>. Luxembourg: European Communities, Commission. 1983. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/92-825-3716-1" title="Special:BookSources/92-825-3716-1"><bdi>92-825-3716-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/16224392">16224392</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Status+of+Greenland+%3A+Commission+opinion+%3A+Commission+communication+presented+to+the+Council+on+2+February+1983&rft.place=Luxembourg&rft.pub=European+Communities%2C+Commission&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F16224392&rft.isbn=92-825-3716-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fop.europa.eu%2Fen%2Fpublication-detail%2F-%2Fpublication%2F1d9162ed-faef-4111-93b2-7941b0deb294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kramer, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC) - Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [284] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29+-+Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+284&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKramer1982" class="citation journal cs1">Kramer, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC) - Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [276] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29+-+Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+276&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKRAMER1982" class="citation journal cs1">KRAMER, Hans R. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/gyil25&div=13&g_sent=1&casa_token=5M72jatdR_MAAAAA:TJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k&collection=journals">"Greenland's European Community (EC)-Referendum, Background and Consequences"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of International Law</i>. <b>25</b>: 273–289 [285] – via HeinOnline.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+European+Community+%28EC%29-Referendum%2C+Background+and+Consequences&rft.volume=25&rft.pages=273-289+285&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=KRAMER&rft.aufirst=Hans+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FPage%3Fhandle%3Dhein.journals%2Fgyil25%26div%3D13%26g_sent%3D1%26casa_token%3D5M72jatdR_MAAAAA%3ATJ5-zYYYa9e_YFmJr8r42zCKSUweDBwXgEs6FuTOlZBa6F7kOtFfzsXfjNnkL6o3TsSS37TM09k%26collection%3Djournals&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:18-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:18_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:18_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJOHANSENLEHMANN_SØRENSEN1983" class="citation journal cs1">JOHANSEN, Ove; LEHMANN SØRENSEN, Carsten (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">"Greenland's way out of the European Community"</a>. <i>The World Today</i>. <b>39</b> (7/8): 270–277 [276]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">40395531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Today&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+way+out+of+the+European+Community&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.pages=270-277+276&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=JOHANSEN&rft.aufirst=Ove&rft.au=LEHMANN+S%C3%98RENSEN%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJOHANSENLEHMANN_SØRENSEN1983" class="citation journal cs1">JOHANSEN, Ove; LEHMANN SØRENSEN, Carsten (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">"Greenland's way out of the European Community"</a>. <i>The World Today</i>. <b>39</b> (7/8): 270–277 [277]. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40395531">40395531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Today&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+way+out+of+the+European+Community&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=7%2F8&rft.pages=270-277+277&rft.date=1983&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=JOHANSEN&rft.aufirst=Ove&rft.au=LEHMANN+S%C3%98RENSEN%2C+Carsten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40395531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:8-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:8_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:8_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L:1985:029:FULL&from=EL">"Treaty amending, with regard to Greenland, the Treaty establishing the European Communities"</a>. <i>EUR-lex</i>. 13 March 1984<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EUR-lex&rft.atitle=Treaty+amending%2C+with+regard+to+Greenland%2C+the+Treaty+establishing+the+European+Communities&rft.date=1984-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2Flegal-content%2FEN%2FTXT%2FPDF%2F%3Furi%3DOJ%3AL%3A1985%3A029%3AFULL%26from%3DEL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://naalakkersuisut.gl/en/Naalakkersuisut/Greenland-Representation-to-the-EU/European-Union-and-Greenland/The-Greenland-Treaty-of-1985">"The Greenland Treaty of 1985"</a>. <i>Naalakkersuisut - Government of Greenland</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Naalakkersuisut+-+Government+of+Greenland&rft.atitle=The+Greenland+Treaty+of+1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnaalakkersuisut.gl%2Fen%2FNaalakkersuisut%2FGreenland-Representation-to-the-EU%2FEuropean-Union-and-Greenland%2FThe-Greenland-Treaty-of-1985&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L:1989:389:FULL&from=en">"Council Regulation (EEC) No 4054/89 of 19 December 1989 allocating, for 1990, Community catch quotas in Greenland waters"</a>. <i>EUR-lex</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EUR-lex&rft.atitle=Council+Regulation+%28EEC%29+No+4054%2F89+of+19+December+1989+allocating%2C+for+1990%2C+Community+catch+quotas+in+Greenland+waters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2Flegal-content%2FEN%2FTXT%2FPDF%2F%3Furi%3DOJ%3AL%3A1989%3A389%3AFULL%26from%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140416110747/http://eu.nanoq.gl/Emner/EuGl/The%20Greenland%20Treaty.aspx">"The Greenland Treaty of 1985"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eu.nanoq.gl/Emner/EuGl/The%20Greenland%20Treaty.aspx">the original</a> on 2014-04-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-06-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Greenland+Treaty+of+1985&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feu.nanoq.gl%2FEmner%2FEuGl%2FThe%2520Greenland%2520Treaty.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eu.nanoq.gl/Emner/EuGl/~/media/419EF30F356645048639049D197273D3.ashx">"Official Journal of the European Communities : Treaty Date=1985"</a>. <i>Eu.nanoq.gl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-06-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eu.nanoq.gl&rft.atitle=Official+Journal+of+the+European+Communities+%3A+Treaty+Date%3D1985&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feu.nanoq.gl%2FEmner%2FEuGl%2F~%2Fmedia%2F419EF30F356645048639049D197273D3.ashx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.et.gr/api/DownloadFeksApi/?fek_pdf=19840100123">"(Some greek text)"</a> (in Greek)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-10-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%28Some+greek+text%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.et.gr%2Fapi%2FDownloadFeksApi%2F%3Ffek_pdf%3D19840100123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoyle2016" class="citation news cs1">Doyle, Alister (14 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-europe-greenland-idUSKCN0Z01PV">"In Greenland, some suggest the unthinkable – rejoin the EU"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=In+Greenland%2C+some+suggest+the+unthinkable+%E2%80%93+rejoin+the+EU&rft.date=2016-06-14&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Alister&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-europe-greenland-idUSKCN0Z01PV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarhoff1983" class="citation cs2">Harhoff, Frederik (1983), "Greenland's Withdrawal from the European Communities", <i>Common Market Law Review</i>, <b>20</b> (1): 13–33, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.54648%2FCOLA1983002">10.54648/COLA1983002</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142977270">142977270</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Common+Market+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Greenland%27s+Withdrawal+from+the+European+Communities&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=13-33&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.54648%2FCOLA1983002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A142977270%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Harhoff&rft.aufirst=Frederik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWithdrawal+of+Greenland+from+the+European+Communities" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Founding_treaties_of_the_European_Communities_(1951–1993)_and_Union_(since_1993)_and_related_political_documents" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EU_treaties_and_declarations" title="Template:EU treaties and declarations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EU_treaties_and_declarations" title="Template talk:EU treaties and declarations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EU_treaties_and_declarations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EU treaties and declarations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Founding_treaties_of_the_European_Communities_(1951–1993)_and_Union_(since_1993)_and_related_political_documents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Founding treaties</a> of the European <a href="/wiki/European_Communities" title="European Communities">Communities</a> (1951–1993) and <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">Union</a> (since 1993) and related political documents</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaties of the European Union">Founding treaties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Consolidated versions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Functioning_of_the_European_Union" title="Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union">Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_European_Union" title="Treaty on European Union">Treaty on European Union</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euratom_Treaty" title="Euratom Treaty">Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community</a> (1957)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Amendments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">In force</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_and_Paris_Conferences" title="London and Paris Conferences">Paris</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome" title="Treaty of Rome">Rome</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_association_of_the_Netherlands_Antilles_with_the_European_Economic_Community" title="Convention on the association of the Netherlands Antilles with the European Economic Community">Netherlands Antilles Association Convention</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merger_Treaty" title="Merger Treaty">Merger</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budgetary_treaties_of_the_European_Communities" title="Budgetary treaties of the European Communities">First Budgetary Treaty</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budgetary_treaties_of_the_European_Communities" title="Budgetary treaties of the European Communities">Second Budgetary Treaty</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_European_Act" title="Single European Act">Single European Act</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maastricht_Treaty" title="Maastricht Treaty">Maastricht</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amsterdam" title="Treaty of Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Nice" title="Treaty of Nice">Nice</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon" title="Treaty of Lisbon">Lisbon</a> (2007)</li> <li>Protocol 36 (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism#Treaty_basis" title="European Stability Mechanism">Article 136</a> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Unratified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_United_Kingdom_renegotiation_of_European_Union_membership" title="2015–2016 United Kingdom renegotiation of European Union membership">Renegotiation of UK membership</a> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Changes in membership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Accession</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1972" title="Treaty of Accession 1972">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1979" title="Treaty of Accession 1979">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1985" title="Treaty of Accession 1985">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_1994" title="Treaty of Accession 1994">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2003" title="Treaty of Accession 2003">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2005" title="Treaty of Accession 2005">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2011" title="Treaty of Accession 2011">2011</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Secession</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Greenland (1984)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Brexit withdrawal agreement">United Kingdom (“Brexit” 2020)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Unratified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_the_European_Defence_Community" title="Treaty establishing the European Defence Community">Treaty establishing the European Defence Community</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community_(1952)" title="European Political Community (1952)">Treaty establishing the European Political Community</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_a_Constitution_for_Europe" title="Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe">Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe</a> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Expired or terminated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brussels" title="Treaty of Brussels">Brussels</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Union_(alliance)" title="Western Union (alliance)">Western Union</a>, 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Brussels#Modification" title="Treaty of Brussels">Modified Brussels</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_European_Union" title="Western European Union">Western European Union</a>, 1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1951)" title="Treaty of Paris (1951)">Paris</a> (European Coal and Steel Community, 1951)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related political documents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schuman_Declaration" title="Schuman Declaration">Schuman Declaration</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_Declaration" title="Europe Declaration">Europe Declaration</a> (1951)</li> <li>Declarations at the <a href="/wiki/London_and_Paris_Conferences" title="London and Paris Conferences">London and Paris Conferences</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benelux_memorandum" title="Benelux memorandum">Benelux memorandum</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaak_Report" title="Spaak Report">Spaak Report</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouchet_Plan" title="Fouchet Plan">Fouchet Plan</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davignon_report" title="Davignon report">Davignon report</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Copenhagen_report&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copenhagen report (page does not exist)">Copenhagen report</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_report&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="London report (page does not exist)">London report</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Declaration_on_European_Union" title="Solemn Declaration on European Union">Solemn Declaration</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Declaration" title="Rome Declaration">Rome Declaration</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Agreement" title="Schengen Agreement">Schengen Agreement</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Convention</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petersberg_Declaration" title="Petersberg Declaration">Petersberg Declaration</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Malo_declaration" title="Saint-Malo declaration">Saint-Malo declaration</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_acquis" title="Schengen acquis">Schengen acquis of the EU</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bologna_declaration" title="Bologna declaration">Bologna declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_Fundamental_Rights_of_the_European_Union" title="Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union">Charter of Fundamental Rights</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PFI_Convention" title="PFI Convention">PFI Convention</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seville_Declarations_on_the_Treaty_of_Nice" title="Seville Declarations on the Treaty of Nice">Seville Declarations</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%BCm_Convention" title="Prüm Convention">Prüm Convention</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Declaration_(2007)" title="Berlin Declaration (2007)">Berlin Declaration</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_establishing_the_European_Stability_Mechanism" title="Treaty establishing the European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Fiscal_Compact" title="European Fiscal Compact">European Fiscal Compact</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Patent_Court" title="Unified Patent Court">Agreement on a Unified Patent Court</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_Resolution_Mechanism" title="Single Resolution Mechanism">Single Resolution Fund Agreement</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Declaration_(European_Union)" title="Malta Declaration (European Union)">Malta Declaration</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versailles_declaration" title="Versailles declaration">Versailles declaration</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union Portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Template:Withdrawal from the European Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Template talk:Withdrawal from the European Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Withdrawal from the European Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawal</a> from the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Withdrawal of member state territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria"><img alt="Algeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union#Algeria" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">French Algeria</a> (independence)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland"><img alt="Greenland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Greenland</a> (changed to <a href="/wiki/Special_member_state_territories_and_the_European_Union#French_overseas_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Special member state territories and the European Union">OCT status</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon"><img alt="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union#Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a> (changed to <a href="/wiki/Special_member_state_territories_and_the_European_Union#Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Special member state territories and the European Union">OCT status</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy"><img alt="Saint Barthélemy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union#Saint_Barth.C3.A9lemy" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Saint Barthélemy</a> (changed to <a href="/wiki/Special_member_state_territories_and_the_European_Union#Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Special member state territories and the European Union">OCT status</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Withdrawal of member states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(and <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a>)</span>: <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hypothesised</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Danish_withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Danish withdrawal from the European Union">Denmark</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Frexit" title="Frexit">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Hungarian withdrawal from the European Union">Hungary</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Dutch withdrawal from the European Union">Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Polish_withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Polish withdrawal from the European Union">Poland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Romanian_withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Romanian withdrawal from the European Union">Romania</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union" title="Member state of the European Union">Current membership</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Enlargement of the European Union">Enlargement</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Article_50_of_the_Treaty_on_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union">Article 50 Procedure</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&oldid=1245579493">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&oldid=1245579493</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1984_in_the_European_Economic_Community" title="Category:1984 in the European Economic Community">1984 in the European Economic Community</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1985_in_Greenland" title="Category:1985 in Greenland">1985 in Greenland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greenland%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Category:Greenland–European Union relations">Greenland–European Union relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Greenland" title="Category:Politics of Greenland">Politics of Greenland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Category:Withdrawal from the European Union">Withdrawal from the European Union</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Greek-language_sources_(el)" title="Category:CS1 Greek-language sources (el)">CS1 Greek-language sources (el)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 13 September 2024, at 20:40<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ckrcl","wgBackendResponseTime":155,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.732","walltime":"0.980","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5435,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":185374,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4918,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":222362,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 794.959 1 -total"," 45.96% 365.336 1 Template:Reflist"," 21.74% 172.822 36 Template:Cite_journal"," 15.70% 124.841 6 Template:Navbox"," 11.99% 95.298 1 Template:Infobox_treaty"," 10.87% 86.395 2 Template:Citation"," 10.55% 83.906 1 Template:Short_description"," 10.53% 83.745 1 Template:Infobox"," 8.05% 64.031 1 Template:EU_treaties_and_declarations"," 7.69% 61.126 1 Template:European_Union_secession"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.441","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6372555,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.eqiad.main-6696b4cc84-x4blm","timestamp":"20241122155223","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Withdrawal of Greenland from the European Communities","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Withdrawal_of_Greenland_from_the_European_Communities","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q24191955","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q24191955","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2016-05-07T08:03:59Z","dateModified":"2024-09-13T20:40:46Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/bb\/EC-EU-enlargement_animation.gif","headline":"Greenland leaving the European Communities, precursor to the European Union"}</script> </body> </html>