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class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>South Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pakistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Pakistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lehrkrankenhaus" title="Lehrkrankenhaus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lehrkrankenhaus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EC%9C%A1_%EB%B3%91%EC%9B%90" title="교육 병원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="교육 병원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teaching_hospital" title="Teaching hospital – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Teaching hospital" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="โรงพยาบาลเพื่อการเรียนการสอน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โรงพยาบาลเพื่อการเรียนการสอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C4%9Fitim_hastanesi" title="Eğitim hastanesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eğitim hastanesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"University hospital" redirects here. For the TV series, see <a href="/wiki/University_Hospital_(TV_series)" title="University Hospital (TV series)">University Hospital (TV series)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_university_hospitals" title="List of university hospitals">List of university hospitals</a></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TAYS_p%C3%A4sis%C3%A4%C3%A4nk%C3%A4ynti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/TAYS_p%C3%A4sis%C3%A4%C3%A4nk%C3%A4ynti.jpg/250px-TAYS_p%C3%A4sis%C3%A4%C3%A4nk%C3%A4ynti.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/TAYS_p%C3%A4sis%C3%A4%C3%A4nk%C3%A4ynti.jpg/375px-TAYS_p%C3%A4sis%C3%A4%C3%A4nk%C3%A4ynti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/TAYS_p%C3%A4sis%C3%A4%C3%A4nk%C3%A4ynti.jpg/500px-TAYS_p%C3%A4sis%C3%A4%C3%A4nk%C3%A4ynti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4658" data-file-height="3449" /></a><figcaption>Entrance of the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University_Hospital" title="Tampere University Hospital">Tampere University Hospital</a> (TAYS) in <a href="/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere">Tampere</a>, Finland</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>teaching hospital</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Hospital" title="Hospital">hospital</a> or medical center that provides <a href="/wiki/Medical_education" title="Medical education">medical education</a> and training to future and current <a href="/wiki/Health_professionals" class="mw-redirect" title="Health professionals">health professionals</a>. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with <a href="/wiki/Medical_school" title="Medical school">medical schools</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Teaching hospitals use a <a href="/wiki/Residency_(medicine)" title="Residency (medicine)">residency program</a> to educate qualified physicians, <a href="/wiki/Podiatrists" class="mw-redirect" title="Podiatrists">podiatrists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dentists" class="mw-redirect" title="Dentists">dentists</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pharmacists" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmacists">pharmacists</a> who are receiving training after attaining the degree of <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Medicine" title="Doctor of Medicine">MD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Osteopathic_Medicine" title="Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine">DO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Podiatric_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Podiatric Medicine">DPM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Dental_Surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Dental Surgery">DDS</a>, DMD, <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Pharmacy" title="Doctor of Pharmacy">PharmD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Dental_Surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachelor of Dental Surgery">BDS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Dentistry" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachelor of Dentistry">BDent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bachelor of Medicine">MBBS, MBChB, or BMed</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic would practice <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a> under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an <a href="/wiki/Attending_physician" title="Attending physician">attending physician</a> or <a href="/wiki/Consultant_(medicine)" title="Consultant (medicine)">consultant</a>. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first teaching hospital where students were authorized to methodically practice on patients under the supervision of physicians was reportedly the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Gundishapur" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy of Gundishapur">Academy of Gundishapur</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Empire">Persian Empire</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Sassanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid">Sassanid</a> era.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the earliest teaching hospitals were the Islamic <a href="/wiki/Bimaristan" title="Bimaristan">Bimaristans</a>, which included the Al-Adudi Hospital founded in Baghdad in 981 and the Al-Fustat Hospital in Cairo founded in 872.<sup id="cite_ref-Syed_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syed-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1044870489">@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .tocright{display:none}.mw-parser-output .tocright{width:100%!important}}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tocright{float:right;clear:right;width:auto;margin:0 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-left{clear:left}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-both{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .tocright-clear-none{clear:none}}</style><div class="tocright"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitions">Definitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Definitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following definitions are commonly used in connection with teaching hospitals:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medical_student" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical student">Medical student</a>–A person enrolled in a medical degree program at a <a href="/wiki/Medical_school" title="Medical school">medical school</a>. In the graduate medical education model used in the United States, medical students must first complete an undergraduate degree from a university or college before being accepted to a medical school. In the undergraduate model traditionally used in countries such as the United Kingdom or Australia, medicine is an undergraduate university degree which students directly enter from high school. In more recent years, the graduate model has increasingly been adopted in the UK and Australia as well, without entirely displacing the traditional undergraduate model–both graduate entry and undergraduate entry programs coexist. (Historically, the undergraduate model used to exist in the US as well, but had been abandoned by the mid-19th century.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physician_assistant" title="Physician assistant">Physician assistant</a>– Medical professionals who have completed training at the Masters level. They are trained to practice medicine alongside physicians on a population level allowing them to work in a wide range of specialties.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This profession is not traditionally found in most countries outside North America, but in recent years there have been attempts to establish it in some of them, with mixed success.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internship" title="Internship">Intern</a>–A person that has a doctorate of medicine from a graduate medical school, or a Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery (in the British undergraduate model), that only practices with guidance and supervision of a physician/consultant.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residency_(medicine)" title="Residency (medicine)">Residency</a> or post-graduate program–In the US and Canada, individuals that have completed their first year of a medical internship. Residencies may last anywhere from two to seven years, depending on the specialty. In most Commonwealth countries, the role of specialist registrar is roughly equivalent</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialist_registrar" class="mw-redirect" title="Specialist registrar">Specialist registrar</a>–In the British system, a doctor who is receiving advanced training in a medical specialty in a hospital setting; after four to six years as a specialist registrar, the doctor may then undertake a post-training fellowship, before becoming a consultant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attending_physician" title="Attending physician">Attending physician</a>–In the US and Canada, an attending physician (also known as an attending, rendering doc, or staff physician) is a <a href="/wiki/Physician" title="Physician">physician</a> (<a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Medicine" title="Doctor of Medicine">M.D.</a> or <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Osteopathic_Medicine" title="Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine">D.O.</a>) who has completed <a href="/wiki/Residency_(medicine)" title="Residency (medicine)">residency</a> and practices <a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">medicine</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Clinic" title="Clinic">clinic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hospital" title="Hospital">hospital</a>, in the specialty learned during residency. An attending physician typically supervises <a href="/wiki/Fellowship_(medicine)" title="Fellowship (medicine)">fellows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Residency_(medicine)" title="Residency (medicine)">residents</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medical_students" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical students">medical students</a>, and other practitioners. Attending physicians may also maintain professorships at an affiliated medical school.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultant_(medicine)" title="Consultant (medicine)">Consultant</a>–This is the equivalent concept to "attending physician" in most Commonwealth countries (except for Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fellowship_(medicine)" title="Fellowship (medicine)">Fellowship (medicine)</a>–A period of <a href="/wiki/Medical_education" title="Medical education">medical training</a> in the United States and Canada, that a <a href="/wiki/Physician" title="Physician">physician</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dentist" title="Dentist">dentist</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Veterinarian" title="Veterinarian">veterinarian</a> may undertake after completing a <a href="/wiki/Residency_(medicine)" title="Residency (medicine)">specialty training program (residency)</a>. During this time (usually over a year), the physician is known as a <i>fellow</i>. Fellows are capable of acting as an <a href="/wiki/Attending_physician" title="Attending physician">attending physician</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Consultant_(medicine)" title="Consultant (medicine)">consultant physician</a> in the specialist field in which they were trained.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_rounds" title="Grand rounds">Grand rounds</a>–Grand rounds is a methodology of <a href="/wiki/Medical_education" title="Medical education">medical education</a> and inpatient care, consisting of presenting the medical problems and treatment of a particular patient to an audience consisting of doctors, pharmacists, <a href="/wiki/Residency_(medicine)" title="Residency (medicine)">residents</a>, and medical students. It was first conceived by clinicians as a way for junior colleagues to round on patients.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teaching_clinic" title="Teaching clinic">Teaching clinic</a>–A teaching clinic is an <a href="/wiki/Outpatient" class="mw-redirect" title="Outpatient">outpatient</a> clinic that provides health care for ambulatory patients - as opposed to <a href="/wiki/Inpatients" class="mw-redirect" title="Inpatients">inpatients</a> treated in a hospital. Teaching clinics traditionally are operated by educational facilities and provide free or low-cost services to patients.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurse_education" title="Nurse education">Nurse education</a>–Some teaching hospitals partner with nursing education institutions to provide in-hospital, practical education for nurses, both graduate and undergraduate.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many teaching hospitals and <a href="/wiki/Medical_centers_in_the_United_States" title="Medical centers in the United States">medical centers</a> are known for the medical research that is performed in their hospitals. Close association with medical colleges and universities enhances the research programs at teaching hospitals. Some of the more notable teaching hospitals include:<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cedars-Sinai_Medical_Center" title="Cedars-Sinai Medical Center">Cedars-Sinai Medical Center</a> – <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charit%C3%A9" title="Charité">Charité</a> in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Germany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Clinic" title="Cleveland Clinic">Cleveland Clinic</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, Ohio, U.S.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaka_Medical_College_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhaka Medical College Hospital">Dhaka Medical College Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>, Bangladesh</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Hospital" title="Johns Hopkins Hospital">Johns Hopkins Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, Maryland, U.S.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_General_Hospital" title="Massachusetts General Hospital">Massachusetts General Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, Massachusetts, U.S.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayo_Clinic" title="Mayo Clinic">Mayo Clinic</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Minnesota" title="Rochester, Minnesota">Rochester, Minnesota</a>, U.S.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NorthShore_University_Health_System" class="mw-redirect" title="NorthShore University Health System">NorthShore University Health System</a> in <a href="/wiki/Northbrook,_Illinois" title="Northbrook, Illinois">Northbrook, Illinois</a>, U.S.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_UCLA_Medical_Center" title="Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center">Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, California, U.S.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheba_Medical_Center" title="Sheba Medical Center">Sheba Medical Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ramat_Gan" title="Ramat Gan">Ramat Gan</a>, Israel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_General_Hospital" title="Singapore General Hospital">Singapore General Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bukit_Merah" title="Bukit Merah">Bukit Merah</a>, Singapore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_General_Hospital" title="Toronto General Hospital">Toronto General Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Ontario, Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta_Hospital" title="University of Alberta Hospital">University of Alberta Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, Alberta, Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hospital_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="University Hospital of Zürich">University Hospital of Zürich</a> in <a href="/wiki/Zurich" title="Zurich">Zurich</a>, Switzerland</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="By_regions">By regions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: By regions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Algeria">Algeria</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Algeria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mustapha_Pasha_hospital_entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mustapha_Pasha_hospital_entrance.jpg/220px-Mustapha_Pasha_hospital_entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mustapha_Pasha_hospital_entrance.jpg/330px-Mustapha_Pasha_hospital_entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mustapha_Pasha_hospital_entrance.jpg/440px-Mustapha_Pasha_hospital_entrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="1674" /></a><figcaption>CHU Mustapha Pacha in <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_university_hospitals#Algeria" title="List of university hospitals">List of university hospitals § Algeria</a></div> <p>The Algerian <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Health,_Population_and_Hospital_Reform" title="Ministry of Health, Population and Hospital Reform">Ministry of Health, Population and Hospital Reform</a> maintains 15 public university teaching hospital centres (French: <i>Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire</i> or <b>CHU</b>) with 13,755 beds and one public university hospital (EHU) with 773 beds.<sup id="cite_ref-Ministry_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ministry-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gambia">Gambia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gambia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Edward_Francis_Small_Teaching_Hospital" title="Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital">Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital</a> became a teaching hospital in the 1990s, and offers a 6-year <a href="/wiki/MBBS" class="mw-redirect" title="MBBS">MBBS</a> degree.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="South_Africa">South Africa</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: South Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hani_Baragwanath_Hospital" title="Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital">Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital</a> is a teaching hospital affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Witwatersrand" title="University of the Witwatersrand">University of the Witwatersrand</a> Medical School, and is the third-largest hospital in the world. Another academic hospital, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cape_Town" title="University of Cape Town">University of Cape Town</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Groote_Schuur_Hospital" title="Groote Schuur Hospital">Groote Schuur Hospital</a>, was the site of the first human-to-human <a href="/wiki/Heart_transplant" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart transplant">heart transplant</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pakistan">Pakistan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pakistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agha_Khan_Hospital_Karachi_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Agha_Khan_Hospital_Karachi_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Agha_Khan_Hospital_Karachi_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Agha_Khan_Hospital_Karachi_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Agha_Khan_Hospital_Karachi_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Agha_Khan_Hospital_Karachi_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Agha_Khan_Hospital_Karachi_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2051" /></a><figcaption>Aga Khan University Hospital, <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Aga_Khan_University_Hospital,_Karachi" title="Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi">Aga Khan University Hospital</a> (Aga Khan Hospital and Medical College)<sup id="cite_ref-AgaKhanPaki.NYT81_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AgaKhanPaki.NYT81-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a 721-bed teaching hospital that trains doctors and hospital administrators with support from American and Canadian universities. The hospital also coordinates a network of over 100 health care units primarily in rural or remote areas.<sup id="cite_ref-AgaKhanPaki.NYT81_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AgaKhanPaki.NYT81-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="France">France</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: France"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:H%C3%B4tel-Dieu_from_Tour_Saint-Jacques.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/H%C3%B4tel-Dieu_from_Tour_Saint-Jacques.jpg/220px-H%C3%B4tel-Dieu_from_Tour_Saint-Jacques.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/H%C3%B4tel-Dieu_from_Tour_Saint-Jacques.jpg/330px-H%C3%B4tel-Dieu_from_Tour_Saint-Jacques.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/H%C3%B4tel-Dieu_from_Tour_Saint-Jacques.jpg/440px-H%C3%B4tel-Dieu_from_Tour_Saint-Jacques.jpg 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="217" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel-Dieu" title="Hôtel-Dieu">Hôtel-Dieu University Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In France, the teaching hospitals are called "CHU" (<i>Centre hospitalier universitaire</i>). They are regional hospitals with an agreement within a university, or possibly several universities. A part of the medical staff are both medical practitioners and teachers under the two institutions agreement, and receive dual compensation. </p><p>There are at least one per French administrative region. In the city of Paris and its suburbs, the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Paris" title="Grand Paris">Greater Paris</a>, it is the local public hospital system called the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Paris_University_Hospitals" title="Greater Paris University Hospitals">Greater Paris University Hospitals</a> (in French: <i>Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris</i>, AP-HP) which has an agreement with 5 major universities in Paris. However, it is divided into small groups of hospitals and universities which are commonly called CHU as if they were separate CHU: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Paris_Cit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Paris Cité">Paris Cité University Hospital Group</a>, the largest university hospital complex (GHU) of <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Greater Paris</a>, with 16 teaching hospitals. <ul><li>which includes, for example: <a href="/wiki/Bichat%E2%80%93Claude_Bernard_Hospital" title="Bichat–Claude Bernard Hospital">Bichat Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel-Dieu" title="Hôtel-Dieu">Hôtel-Dieu Hospital</a>, etc.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_University" title="Sorbonne University">Sorbonne University Hospital Group</a>, 2nd largest university hospital complex with 7 teaching hospitals <ul><li>which includes, for example: <a href="/wiki/Piti%C3%A9-Salp%C3%AAtri%C3%A8re_Hospital" title="Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital">Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital</a>, Saint-Antoine Hospital, etc.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saclay_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Saclay University">Saclay University Hospital Group</a> (6 teaching hospitals) <ul><li>which includes, for example: <a href="/wiki/Bic%C3%AAtre_Hospital" title="Bicêtre Hospital">Bicêtre Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ambroise_Par%C3%A9_Hospital_(Boulogne-Billancourt)" title="Ambroise Paré Hospital (Boulogne-Billancourt)">Ambroise-Paré Hospital</a>, etc.</li></ul></li> <li>Henri Mondor University Hospitals, associated with <a href="/wiki/Paris-East_Cr%C3%A9teil_University" title="Paris-East Créteil University">Paris-East Créteil University</a> (5 teaching hospitals)</li> <li>Paris Seine-Saint-Denis University Hospitals, associated with <a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_Paris_North_University" title="Sorbonne Paris North University">Sorbonne Paris North University</a> (3 teaching hospitals)</li></ul> <p>There are 32 teaching hospitals in France. Amongst these are 30 University hospitals and only two Regional teaching hospitals.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial-Picture-of-Jackson-e1445995779731.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Aerial-Picture-of-Jackson-e1445995779731.jpg/220px-Aerial-Picture-of-Jackson-e1445995779731.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Aerial-Picture-of-Jackson-e1445995779731.jpg/330px-Aerial-Picture-of-Jackson-e1445995779731.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Aerial-Picture-of-Jackson-e1445995779731.jpg/440px-Aerial-Picture-of-Jackson-e1445995779731.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2589" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Memorial_Hospital" title="Jackson Memorial Hospital">Jackson Memorial Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Health_District_(Miami)" title="Health District (Miami)">Miami's Health District</a>, the primary teaching hospital for the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Miller_School_of_Medicine" title="Miller School of Medicine">Miller School of Medicine</a> and the largest hospital in the United States with 1,547 beds<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Teaching_hospitals_in_the_United_States" title="Teaching hospitals in the United States">Teaching hospitals in the United States</a></div> <p>The first teaching hospital in the United States was founded at the College of Philadelphia (now the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a>) in 1765, when medical students at the college began taking bedside instruction at the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Hospital" title="Pennsylvania Hospital">Pennsylvania Hospital</a> (an institution that predated the medical school by several years). Following that were <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="King's College (New York)">King's College of New York</a> in 1768, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> in 1783, <a href="/wiki/Dartmouth_College" title="Dartmouth College">Dartmouth College</a> in 1798, and <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> in 1810 to begin the history of notable university-affiliated teaching hospitals in America.<sup id="cite_ref-JNMA_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JNMA-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Teaching hospitals rose to prevalence in the United States beginning the early 1900s and they largely resembled those established by <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a>, the University of Pennsylvania and the Lakeside Hospital in Cleveland. The hospitals that followed the example of these universities were all very large, technologically sophisticated and aimed to have a global impact through both patient care and scientific research. Additionally, these hospitals had large patient bases, abundant financial resources, and renowned physicians, advisors and staff. Many of the medical schools that ensued the prospect of being associated to a nearby hospital tended to be private institutions that received philanthropic support.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While some funding comes from <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a> for the GME process, teaching hospitals must consider paying residents and fellows within their budgets. These additional costs vary between hospitals based on funding by Medicaid and their general salary for residents and fellows. Despite these costs, they are often offset by the prices of procedures which are elevated in comparison to most non-teaching hospitals. Teaching hospitals often justify this additional cost factor by boasting that their quality of care rises above non-teaching hospitals, or ensuring the patient that they are improving medicine of the future by having their procedure done with medical trainees present.<sup id="cite_ref-Ayanian2002_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ayanian2002-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oceania">Oceania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Oceania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Australia">Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Medical_Journal_of_Australia" title="Medical Journal of Australia">Medical Journal of Australia</a></i>, Australian teaching hospitals typically receive less funding for research than they do in similarly situated countries. The late 1800s and early 1900s saw several attempts at instituting a teaching hospital to be affiliated with a medical school, but plans fell through until 1928, when <a href="/wiki/Royal_Prince_Alfred_Hospital" title="Royal Prince Alfred Hospital">Royal Prince Alfred Hospital</a> became Australia's first teaching hospital, to educate students of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Sydney" title="University of Sydney">University of Sydney</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_university_hospitals" title="List of university hospitals">List of university hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_hospitals" title="History of hospitals">History of hospitals</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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"The Rise of the Teaching Hospital in America". <i>Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences</i>. <b>38</b> (4): 389–414. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjhmas%2F38.4.389">10.1093/jhmas/38.4.389</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6358338">6358338</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+History+of+Medicine+and+Allied+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+Rise+of+the+Teaching+Hospital+in+America&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=389-414&rft.date=1983-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjhmas%2F38.4.389&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6358338&rft.aulast=Ludmerer&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeaching+hospital" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLudmerer1983" class="citation journal cs1">Ludmerer, Kenneth M. 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(September 15, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2008/189/6/rediscovering-university-teaching-hospitals-australia">"Rediscovering university teaching hospitals for Australia"</a>. <i>The Medical Journal of Australia</i>. <b>189</b> (6): 332–335. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5694%2Fj.1326-5377.2008.tb02054.x">10.5694/j.1326-5377.2008.tb02054.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18803539">18803539</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:874788">874788</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Medical+Journal+of+Australia&rft.atitle=Rediscovering+university+teaching+hospitals+for+Australia&rft.volume=189&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=332-335&rft.date=2008-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A874788%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18803539&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5694%2Fj.1326-5377.2008.tb02054.x&rft.aulast=Penington&rft.aufirst=David+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mja.com.au%2Fjournal%2F2008%2F189%2F6%2Frediscovering-university-teaching-hospitals-australia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeaching+hospital" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teaching_hospital&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFModanlou,_H_D2011" class="citation journal cs1">Modanlou, H D (January 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fjp.2010.162">"Historical evidence for the origin of teaching hospital, medical school and the rise of academic medicine"</a>. <i>Journal of Perinatology</i>. <b>31</b> (4): 236–239. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fjp.2010.162">10.1038/jp.2010.162</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21233794">21233794</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:24701906">24701906</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Perinatology&rft.atitle=Historical+evidence+for+the+origin+of+teaching+hospital%2C+medical+school+and+the+rise+of+academic+medicine&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=236-239&rft.date=2011-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A24701906%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21233794&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fjp.2010.162&rft.au=Modanlou%2C+H+D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252Fjp.2010.162&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeaching+hospital" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomson,_Arthur1960" class="citation journal cs1">Thomson, Arthur (September 10, 1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2098046">"History And Development Of Teaching Hospitals In England"</a>. <i>The British Medical Journal</i>. <b>2</b> (5201): 749–751. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.2.5201.749">10.1136/bmj.2.5201.749</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20350438">20350438</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2098046">2098046</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13838143">13838143</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+British+Medical+Journal&rft.atitle=History+And+Development+Of+Teaching+Hospitals+In+England&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5201&rft.pages=749-751&rft.date=1960-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2098046%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F13838143&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20350438%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.2.5201.749&rft.au=Thomson%2C+Arthur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2098046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeaching+hospital" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsh,_Joan_S.Hartzog,_Timothy_H.2015" class="citation book cs1">Ash, Joan S.; Hartzog, Timothy H. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aahcdc.org/Publications-Resources/Books-Reports/View/ArticleId/15928/Author-Commentaries-The-Transformation-of-Academic-Health-Centers-Meeting-the-Challenges-of-Healthcare-s-Changing-Landscape"><i>The Transformation of Academic Health Centers, Meeting the Challenges of Healthcare's Changing Landscape, Chapter 23</i></a>. pp. 3–12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Transformation+of+Academic+Health+Centers%2C+Meeting+the+Challenges+of+Healthcare%27s+Changing+Landscape%2C+Chapter+23&rft.pages=3-12&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Ash%2C+Joan+S.&rft.au=Hartzog%2C+Timothy+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aahcdc.org%2FPublications-Resources%2FBooks-Reports%2FView%2FArticleId%2F15928%2FAuthor-Commentaries-The-Transformation-of-Academic-Health-Centers-Meeting-the-Challenges-of-Healthcare-s-Changing-Landscape&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATeaching+hospital" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaura_G._BurkeAustin_B._FraktDhruv_KhullarE._John_Orav2017" class="citation journal cs1">Laura G. Burke; Austin B. Frakt; Dhruv Khullar; E. John Orav; Ashish K. Jha (May 23, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5815039">"Association Between Teaching Status and Mortality in US Hospitals"</a>. <i>JAMA</i>. <b>317</b> (20): 2105–2113. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.2017.5702">10.1001/jama.2017.5702</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5815039">5815039</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28535236">28535236</a>.</cite><span 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style="width:1%">Common hospital<br />components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_accreditation" title="Hospital accreditation">Accreditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_bed" title="Hospital bed">Bed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronary_care_unit" title="Coronary care unit">Coronary care unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_department" title="Emergency department">Emergency department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_emergency_codes" title="Hospital emergency codes">Emergency codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_administration#Hospital_administrators" title="Health administration">Hospital administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_information_system" title="Hospital information system">Hospital information system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_medicine" title="Hospital medicine">Hospital medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_museum" title="Hospital museum">Hospital museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_medicine" title="Hospital medicine">Hospitalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensive_care_unit" title="Intensive care unit">Intensive care unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nocturnist" title="Nocturnist">Nocturnist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-call_room" title="On-call room">On-call room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating_theater" title="Operating theater">Operating theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orderly" title="Orderly">Orderly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patients#Outpatients_and_inpatients" class="mw-redirect" title="Patients">Patients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_pharmacy" title="Hospital pharmacy">Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ward" class="mw-redirect" title="Hospital ward">Wards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archaic forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almshouse" title="Almshouse">Almshouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepeion" class="mw-redirect" title="Asclepeion">Asclepeion</a> (Greece)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimaristan" title="Bimaristan">Bimaristan</a> (Islamic)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cottage_hospital" title="Cottage hospital">Cottage hospital</a> (England)</li> <li>Hôtel-Dieu (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_community_of_ancient_Rome#Imperial" title="Medical community of ancient Rome">Valetudinaria</a> (Roman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishya" title="Vaishya">Vaishya</a> lying in houses (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenodochium" title="Xenodochium">Xenodochium</a> (Middle Ages)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic service area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Base_hospital" title="Base hospital">Base hospital</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_hospital" title="Community hospital">Community hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="General hospital">General hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_hospital" title="Regional hospital">Regional hospital</a> or <a href="/wiki/District_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="District hospital">District hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_hospital" title="Municipal hospital">Municipal hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Complexity of services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Day_hospital" title="Day hospital">Day hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_hospital" title="Secondary hospital">Secondary hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_referral_hospital" title="Tertiary referral hospital">Tertiary referral hospital</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Teaching hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialty_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Specialty hospital">Specialty hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unique physical traits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ship" title="Hospital ship">Hospital ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_train" title="Hospital train">Hospital train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile hospital">Mobile hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_hospital" title="Underground hospital">Underground hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Hospital" title="Virtual Hospital">Virtual Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Limited class of patients</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_hospital" title="Military hospital">Military hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_support_hospital" title="Combat support hospital">Combat support hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_hospital" title="Field hospital">Field hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prison_hospitals" title="Category:Prison hospitals">Prison hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Veterans_Affairs_medical_facilities" title="List of Veterans Affairs medical facilities">Veterans medical facilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Women%27s_hospitals" title="Category:Women's hospitals">Women's hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Funding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charitable_hospital" title="Charitable hospital">Charitable hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For-profit_hospital" title="For-profit hospital">For-profit hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-profit_hospital" title="Non-profit hospital">Non-profit hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_hospital" title="State hospital">State hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_hospital" title="Private hospital">Private hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_hospital" title="Public hospital">Public hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_hospital" title="Voluntary hospital">Voluntary hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Defunct_hospitals" title="Category:Defunct hospitals">Defunct</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Condition treated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cancer_hospitals" title="Category:Cancer hospitals">Cancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_hospital" title="Children's hospital">Children's hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eye_hospitals" title="Category:Eye hospitals">Eye hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fever_hospital" title="Fever hospital">Fever hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leper_colony" title="Leper colony">Leper colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lock_hospital" title="Lock hospital">Lock hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maternity_hospital" title="Maternity hospital">Maternity hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychiatric_hospital" title="Psychiatric hospital">Psychiatric hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_hospital" title="Rehabilitation hospital">Rehabilitation hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trauma_center" title="Trauma center">Trauma center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Veterinary_hospitals" title="Category:Veterinary hospitals">Verterinary hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Century established</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_5th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 5th century">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_6th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 6th century">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_7th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 7th century">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_8th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 8th century">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_9th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 9th century">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_10th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 10th century">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_11th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 11th century">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_12th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 12th century">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_13th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 13th century">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_14th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 14th century">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_15th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 15th century">15th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_16th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 16th century">16th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_17th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 17th century">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_18th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 18th century">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_19th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 19th century">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_20th_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 20th century">20th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hospitals_established_in_the_21st_century" title="Category:Hospitals established in the 21st century">21st</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Lists of hospitals in: <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_hospitals_in_Africa" title="Lists of hospitals in Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_hospitals_in_Asia" title="Lists of hospitals in Asia">Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_hospitals_in_Europe" title="Lists of hospitals in Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_hospitals_in_North_America" title="Lists of hospitals in North America">North America</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_hospitals_in_Oceania" title="Lists of hospitals in Oceania">Oceania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_hospitals_in_South_America" title="Lists of hospitals in South America">South America</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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