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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Size-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Watersheds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Watersheds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Watersheds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Watersheds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Islands</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Land_usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Land_usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Land usage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Land_usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Land_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Land_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Land habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Land_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Water habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Area_of_concern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Area_of_concern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Area of concern</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Area_of_concern-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Area of concern subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Area_of_concern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Beneficial_use_impairments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beneficial_use_impairments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Beneficial use impairments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beneficial_use_impairments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_beneficial_use_impairments_that_has_impacted_the_St._Clair_River[8]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_beneficial_use_impairments_that_has_impacted_the_St._Clair_River[8]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1.1</span> <span>List of beneficial use impairments that has impacted the St. Clair River<sup><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_beneficial_use_impairments_that_has_impacted_the_St._Clair_River[8]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Remedial_action_plan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remedial_action_plan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Remedial action plan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remedial_action_plan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Remediation_and_restoration_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Remediation_and_restoration_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2.1</span> <span>Remediation and restoration work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Remediation_and_restoration_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erosion_and_Great_Lakes_drainage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erosion_and_Great_Lakes_drainage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Erosion and Great Lakes drainage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erosion_and_Great_Lakes_drainage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crossings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crossings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Crossings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crossings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">St. Clair River</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%8A%D1%80_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Сейнт Клеър (река) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сейнт Клеър (река)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%AAr_Saint_Clair" title="Stêr Saint Clair – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Stêr Saint Clair" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riu_Saint_Clair" title="Riu Saint Clair – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Riu Saint Clair" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%80_(%D1%8E%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%B2)" title="Сент-Клэр (юханшыв) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сент-Клэр (юханшыв)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_River" title="St. Clair River – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="St. Clair River" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98eka_svat%C3%A9_Kl%C3%A1ry" title="Řeka svaté Kláry – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Řeka svaté Kláry" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_River" title="St. Clair River – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="St. Clair River" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_River" title="St. Clair River – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="St. Clair River" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Clairi_j%C3%B5gi" title="Saint Clairi jõgi – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saint Clairi jõgi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_St._Clair" title="Río St. Clair – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Río St. Clair" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankta_Klara_(rivero)" title="Sankta Klara (rivero) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sankta Klara (rivero)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivi%C3%A8re_Sainte-Claire" title="Rivière Sainte-Claire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rivière Sainte-Claire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B8%ED%8A%B8%ED%81%B4%EB%A0%88%EC%96%B4%EA%B0%95" title="세인트클레어강 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세인트클레어강" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Clair_(rijeka)" title="Saint Clair (rijeka) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Saint Clair (rijeka)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Clair_(fiume)" title="Saint Clair (fiume) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Saint Clair (fiume)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2-%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9B%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94)" title="სენტ-კლერი (მდინარე) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სენტ-კლერი (მდინარე)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent_Kleras_(up%C4%97)" title="Sent Kleras (upė) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sent Kleras (upė)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2-%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3)" title="სენტ-კლერი (წყარმალუ) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სენტ-კლერი (წყარმალუ)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA._%D9%83%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="نهر سانت. كلاير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نهر سانت. كلاير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_(rivier)" title="St. Clair (rivier) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="St. Clair (rivier)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A2%E5%B7%9D" title="セントクレア川 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セントクレア川" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_(elv)" title="St. Clair (elv) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="St. Clair (elv)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_(rzeka)" title="St. Clair (rzeka) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="St. Clair (rzeka)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_St._Clair" title="Rio St. Clair – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rio St. Clair" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%80_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Сент-Клэр (река) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сент-Клэр (река)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_River" title="St. Clair River – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="St. Clair River" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_(joki)" title="St. Clair (joki) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="St. Clair (joki)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Clair_River" title="St. Clair River – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="St. Clair River" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D1%80%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Сент-Клер (річка) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сент-Клер (річка)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4ng_Saint_Clair" title="Sông Saint Clair – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sông Saint Clair" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E7%88%BE%E6%B2%B3" title="聖克萊爾河 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="聖克萊爾河" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%B3" title="圣克莱尔河 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="圣克莱尔河" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1054325#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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.geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_31_59_N_82_40_29_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°31′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°40′29″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.53306°N 82.67472°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.53306; -82.67472</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">River in North America</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Saint Clair River</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lake_St_Clair_by_Sentinel-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lake_St_Clair_by_Sentinel-2.jpg/250px-Lake_St_Clair_by_Sentinel-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lake_St_Clair_by_Sentinel-2.jpg/375px-Lake_St_Clair_by_Sentinel-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Lake_St_Clair_by_Sentinel-2.jpg/500px-Lake_St_Clair_by_Sentinel-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="3600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Sentinel-2 satellite photo, showing <a href="/wiki/Lake_Saint_Clair" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Saint Clair">Lake Saint Clair</a> (center), as well as St. Clair River connecting it to Lake Huron (to the North) and <a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit River</a> connecting it to <a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Lake Erie</a> (to the South)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_d85291f328b059a2641b7ba9c407dac896121e1e"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=St._Clair_River&revid=1182740777&groups=_d85291f328b059a2641b7ba9c407dac896121e1e" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=St._Clair_River&revid=1182740777&groups=_d85291f328b059a2641b7ba9c407dac896121e1e 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Location</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data">Canada, United States</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">Mouth</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • location</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair" title="Lake St. Clair">Lake St. Clair</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">40.5 mi (65.2 km)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basin size</th><td class="infobox-data">223,600 sq mi (579,000 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">182,000 cu ft/s (5,200 m<sup>3</sup>/s)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Navigation_on_St_Clair_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Navigation_on_St_Clair_River.jpg/220px-Navigation_on_St_Clair_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Navigation_on_St_Clair_River.jpg/330px-Navigation_on_St_Clair_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Navigation_on_St_Clair_River.jpg/440px-Navigation_on_St_Clair_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1051" /></a><figcaption>Great Lakes <a href="/wiki/Cargo_ship" title="Cargo ship">freighters</a> navigating on the lower St. Clair River. View is from the U.S. side, looking across to Canada.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>St. Clair River</b> is a 40.5-mile-long (65.2 km)<sup id="cite_ref-NHD_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> river in central North America which flows from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a> into <a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair" title="Lake St. Clair">Lake St. Clair</a>, forming part of the <a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Canada–United States border">international boundary</a> between Canada and the United States and between the <a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">Canadian province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>. The river is a significant component in the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Waterway" title="Great Lakes Waterway">Great Lakes Waterway</a>, whose shipping channels permit cargo vessels to travel between the upper and lower <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The river, which some consider a <a href="/wiki/Strait" title="Strait">strait</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-straitdefined_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-straitdefined-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-strait_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strait-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> flows in a southerly direction, connecting the southern end of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a> to the northern end of <a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair" title="Lake St. Clair">Lake St. Clair</a>. It branches into several <a href="/wiki/Channel_(geography)" title="Channel (geography)">channels</a> near its mouth at Lake St. Clair, creating a broad <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">delta</a> region known as the <a href="/wiki/St._Clair_Flats" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Clair Flats">St. Clair Flats</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like a strait, the river serves as a narrow strip of water which connects two larger bodies of water.<sup id="cite_ref-straitdefined_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-straitdefined-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-strait_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-strait-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Size">Size</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Size"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The river is 40.5 miles (65.2 km) long<sup id="cite_ref-NHD_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and drops 5 feet (2 m) in elevation from Lake Huron to Lake St. Clair. The flow rate averages around 182,000 cubic feet per second (5,200 m<sup>3</sup>/s), and the <a href="/wiki/Drainage" title="Drainage">drainage</a> area is 223,600 square miles (579,000 km<sup>2</sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This takes into account the combined drainage areas of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lakes Huron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Michigan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Superior" title="Lake Superior">Superior</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Generations of indigenous cultures traveled by canoe on the lakes and rivers in this area, carrying on trade across the region and continent. </p><p>In the 18th century, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Voyageurs" title="Voyageurs">voyageurs</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Coureur_des_bois" title="Coureur des bois">coureurs des bois</a></i> traveled on the river to trade with the <a href="/wiki/Ojibwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ojibwa">Ojibwa</a> and other regional Native Americans and transport furs in <a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">canoes</a> to major posts of French and British traders, including <a href="/wiki/Fort_Detroit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Detroit">Fort Detroit</a>, built in 1701 downriver from Lake St. Clair on the Detroit River. European demand for American furs, especially <a href="/wiki/Beaver" title="Beaver">beaver</a>, was high until the 1830s. </p><p>During the mid-19th century and later, <a href="/wiki/Port_Huron,_Michigan" title="Port Huron, Michigan">Port Huron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marine_City,_Michigan" title="Marine City, Michigan">Marine City, Michigan</a>, became major shipbuilding centers, especially the latter. Lumber harvested on <a href="/wiki/The_Thumb" title="The Thumb">The Thumb</a> of Michigan was shipped downriver as log rafts to <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a> for processing and export both domestically and internationally. The wooden ships built along the river carried migrants and immigrants up the river and west through the upper Great Lakes on their way to new homes in the American West. Their farms later shipped out grain to eastern markets as part of the developing area. </p><p>Beginning in the late 19th century, iron ore mined in the Mesabi Range, copper and grain were carried east through the lakes by <a href="/wiki/Cargo_ship" title="Cargo ship">lake freighters</a>, increasingly made of steel in the 20th century, traveled throughout the Great Lakes, transporting commodities such as <a href="/wiki/Iron_ore" title="Iron ore">iron ore</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Mesabi_Range" title="Mesabi Range">Mesabi Range</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">grain</a>, all products of settlers' labor. Iron was taken to <a href="/wiki/Ashtabula,_Ohio" title="Ashtabula, Ohio">Ashtabula, Ohio</a> and other industrial cities for processing and <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> manufacture, and grain was often shipped through to major eastern markets such as <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. </p><p>From the late 19th century, lake steamers carried passengers and traveled among the small towns along the St. Clair and <a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit</a> rivers, and around the Great Lakes. At one time 31 lines operated, but with the rise of automobile use in the 20th century, they gradually declined. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Watersheds">Watersheds</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Watersheds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Water_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Blue_Water_Bridge.jpg/220px-Blue_Water_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Blue_Water_Bridge.jpg/330px-Blue_Water_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Blue_Water_Bridge.jpg/440px-Blue_Water_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="410" /></a><figcaption>Head of river looking into <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a>, showing the twin <a href="/wiki/Blue_Water_Bridge" title="Blue Water Bridge">Blue Water Bridge</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The St. Clair River and its <a href="/wiki/Lambton_County,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambton County, Ontario">Lambton County</a> tributaries in Ontario contribute 103,210 acres (41,770 ha) to the <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">watershed</a>. This figure does not include the <a href="/wiki/Sydenham_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydenham River">Sydenham River</a> watershed. In Michigan, the <a href="/wiki/Black_River_(St._Clair_River_tributary)" title="Black River (St. Clair River tributary)">Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pine_River_(Michigan)" title="Pine River (Michigan)">Pine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Belle_River_(Michigan)" title="Belle River (Michigan)">Belle</a> rivers drain 780,600 acres (315,900 ha) in <a href="/wiki/Lapeer_County,_Michigan" title="Lapeer County, Michigan">Lapeer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macomb_County,_Michigan" title="Macomb County, Michigan">Macomb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanilac_County,_Michigan" title="Sanilac County, Michigan">Sanilac</a>, and <a href="/wiki/St._Clair_County,_Michigan" title="St. Clair County, Michigan">St. Clair</a> counties; the watersheds around <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bunce_Creek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bunce Creek (page does not exist)">Bunce Creek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marine_City,_Michigan" title="Marine City, Michigan">Marine City</a> are relatively small. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Islands">Islands</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Islands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"St. Anne Island" redirects here. For the island in Seychelles, see <a href="/wiki/Ste._Anne_Island" title="Ste. Anne Island">Ste. Anne Island</a>.</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stag_Island" title="Stag Island">Stag Island</a> lies between <a href="/wiki/Corunna,_Ontario" title="Corunna, Ontario">Corunna, Ontario</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marysville,_Michigan" title="Marysville, Michigan">Marysville, Michigan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fawn_Island" title="Fawn Island">Fawn Island</a> is near <a href="/wiki/Port_Lambton,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Lambton, Ontario">Port Lambton, Ontario</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marine_City,_Michigan" title="Marine City, Michigan">Marine City, Michigan</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpole_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Walpole Island">Walpole</a>, Seaway, Bassett, Squirrel, Pottowatamie, St. Anne, Dickinson, <a href="/wiki/Russell_Island_(Michigan)" title="Russell Island (Michigan)">Russell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harsens_Island" title="Harsens Island">Harsens</a> islands are located in the delta where the St. Clair River flows into Lake St. Clair near <a href="/wiki/Algonac,_Michigan" title="Algonac, Michigan">Algonac, Michigan</a>. These islands are part of the "<a href="/wiki/St._Clair_Flats" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Clair Flats">St. Clair Flats</a>", the only major <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">river delta</a> in the Great Lakes. Six of the islands in this delta are <a href="/wiki/Unceded_territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Unceded territory">unceded territory</a> that are part of the <a href="/wiki/Walpole_Island_Indian_Reserve_No._46" class="mw-redirect" title="Walpole Island Indian Reserve No. 46">Walpole Island First Nations</a>, whose members include <a href="/wiki/Ojibwe" title="Ojibwe">Ojibwe</a> (Anishinaabe), <a href="/wiki/Potowatomi" class="mw-redirect" title="Potowatomi">Potowatomi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Odawa_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Odawa people">Odawa peoples</a>. They call this delta area <i>Bkejwanong</i>, meaning "where the waters divide".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Land_usage">Land usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Land usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the watershed away from the river in Ontario and Michigan is used for <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a>. There were numerous <a href="/wiki/Sugar_beet" title="Sugar beet">sugar beet</a> farms in the flatlands, and an annual beet market was held in <a href="/wiki/Marine_City,_Michigan" title="Marine City, Michigan">Marine City, Michigan</a>, for years at harvest time. Many of the 19th-century English immigrants to this area came from <a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire" title="Lincolnshire">Lincolnshire</a>, England, where sugar beets were a major <a href="/wiki/Commodity_crop" class="mw-redirect" title="Commodity crop">commodity crop</a> in the 19th and 20th centuries. </p><p>A few <a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">forest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetland</a> areas have survived. Their area has declined significantly since European-American settlement, clearing, and development of cultivated fields for various agricultural crops. </p><p>Much of the shoreline on both sides of the St. Clair River is <a href="/wiki/Urbanization" title="Urbanization">urbanized</a> and extensively <a href="/wiki/Industrialisation" title="Industrialisation">industrialized</a>. Intensive development has occurred in and near the adjacent cities of <a href="/wiki/Port_Huron,_Michigan" title="Port Huron, Michigan">Port Huron, Michigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarnia" title="Sarnia">Sarnia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, at the northern end of the river. The most dense concentration of industry, including a large <a href="/wiki/Petrochemical" title="Petrochemical">petrochemical</a> complex, lies along the Ontario shore south of <a href="/wiki/Sarnia" title="Sarnia">Sarnia</a>. Historically Sarnia was founded as a fur trading post. </p><p>Several communities along the St. Clair rely on the river as their primary source of <a href="/wiki/Drinking_water" title="Drinking water">drinking water</a>. About one-third to one-half of the residents of Michigan receive their water from the St. Clair/Detroit River waterway.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Industries including <a href="/wiki/Oil_refinery" title="Oil refinery">petroleum refineries</a>, chemical manufacturers, <a href="/wiki/Paper_mill" title="Paper mill">paper mills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edible_salt" class="mw-redirect" title="Edible salt">salt</a> producers, and electric <a href="/wiki/Power_plants" class="mw-redirect" title="Power plants">power plants</a> also need high-quality water for their operations. Since the late 20th century and passage of environmental laws to protect air and water quality, there have been occasional incidents when some of these industries have illegally contaminated river waters after discharging <a href="/wiki/Pollutants" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollutants">pollutants</a>. Major clean-up activities were required. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Land_habitat">Land habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Land habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Land areas of the St. Clair River <a href="/wiki/Shore" class="mw-redirect" title="Shore">shoreline</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mudflat" title="Mudflat">flats</a> consist of two biological zones: upland and transitional, both of which are normally above the <a href="/wiki/Water_table" title="Water table">water table</a>, but which may be <a href="/wiki/Flood" title="Flood">flooded</a> periodically. </p><p>The upland forests consist of <a href="/wiki/Deciduous" title="Deciduous">deciduous</a> species, many of which are near their northern climatic limit. Most pre-European settlement trees have been cleared for agriculture, industry, or urbanization. Remaining forest stands, such as <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a> savannas as well as lakeplain prairies, are found along the southern reaches of the river, particularly on the islands of the St. Clair River Delta and on the Michigan shore in <a href="/wiki/Algonac_State_Park" title="Algonac State Park">Algonac State Park</a>. </p><p>Transitional species are abundant in the low-lying regions, categorized as <a href="/wiki/Shrub" title="Shrub">shrub</a> <a href="/wiki/Ecotone" title="Ecotone">ecotones</a>, wet <a href="/wiki/Meadow" title="Meadow">meadows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poor_fen" class="mw-redirect" title="Poor fen">sedge marshes</a>, and island shorelines and <a href="/wiki/Beach" title="Beach">beaches</a>. This <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitat</a> is home to water and land <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">mammals</a>, including humans, as well as <a href="/wiki/Songbird" title="Songbird">songbirds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waterfowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterfowl">waterfowl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">insects</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pollinator" title="Pollinator">pollinators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">reptiles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Amphibian" title="Amphibian">amphibians</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Water_habitat">Water habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Water habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Freshwater_biology" title="Freshwater biology">aquatic habitat</a> of the St. Clair River ranges from deep and fast near the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Water_Bridge" title="Blue Water Bridge">Blue Water Bridge</a> to shallow and slow in the lower river near its discharge point into Lake St. Clair. </p><p>Each area provides a unique habitat for aquatic life: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macrophyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Macrophyte">macrophytes</a> (visible marine <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plants</a>),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benthic" class="mw-redirect" title="Benthic">benthic</a> <a href="/wiki/Macroinvertebrates" class="mw-redirect" title="Macroinvertebrates">macroinvertebrates</a> (<a href="/wiki/Organism" title="Organism">organisms</a> that live at the bottom of a lake or stream),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phytoplankton" title="Phytoplankton">phytoplankton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zooplankton" title="Zooplankton">zooplankton</a> (floating plants and animals),</li> <li>emergent <a href="/wiki/Vegetation" title="Vegetation">vegetation</a> (plants seen above the water surface),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> (from minnows to large sport fish).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Area_of_concern">Area of concern</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Area of concern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Algorail_in_(St_Clair_River_Mich).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Algorail_in_%28St_Clair_River_Mich%29.jpg/220px-Algorail_in_%28St_Clair_River_Mich%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Algorail_in_%28St_Clair_River_Mich%29.jpg/330px-Algorail_in_%28St_Clair_River_Mich%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Algorail_in_%28St_Clair_River_Mich%29.jpg/440px-Algorail_in_%28St_Clair_River_Mich%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2394" data-file-height="1568" /></a><figcaption>Canadian freighter <i>Algorail</i> downbound in the St. Clair River</figcaption></figure> <p>The St. Clair River is a binational <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Areas_of_Concern" title="Great Lakes Areas of Concern">Area of Concern</a> (AOC)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that borders both the United States and Canada. An AOC is an area within the Great Lakes, that has suffered from environmental destruction. The St. Clair River has been considered an AOC because conventional pollutants such as <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metals" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy metals">heavy metals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persistent_organic_pollutant" title="Persistent organic pollutant">toxic organics</a>, contaminated <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">sediment</a>, fish consumption advisories, impacted animal and plant life, and beach closings.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The United States found that 10 out of 14 of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/great-lakes-aocs/beneficial-use-impairments-great-lakes-aocs">beneficial use impairments</a> (BUI) were impaired, which would lead to a $21 million investment from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.glri.us/index.php">Great Lakes Restoration Initiative</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After several habitat projects, only two impairments exists: the Restrictions on Fish and Wildlife Consumption and the Restrictions on Drinking Water Consumption or Taste and Odor Problems. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beneficial_use_impairments">Beneficial use impairments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Beneficial use impairments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A beneficial use impairment is a change within the physical, biological, and chemical consistency that causes significant <a href="/wiki/Environmental_degradation" title="Environmental degradation">environmental degradation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The St. Clair River has undergone several projects and clean up to remove the BUIs that affected the area. There are currently only 2 BUIs left on the St. Clair River, and once those 2 are removed, the river might go through the delisting process. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="List_of_beneficial_use_impairments_that_has_impacted_the_St._Clair_River[8]"><span id="List_of_beneficial_use_impairments_that_has_impacted_the_St._Clair_River.5B8.5D"></span>List of beneficial use impairments that has impacted the St. Clair River<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: List of beneficial use impairments that has impacted the St. Clair River[8]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Restrictions on fish and wildlife consumption</li> <li>Restrictions on drinking water consumption, or taste and odor</li> <li>Tainting of fish and wildlife flavor <b>– REMOVED 2010</b></li> <li>Restriction on dredging activities <b>– REMOVED 2011</b></li> <li>Added costs to agriculture or industry <b>– REMOVED 2012</b></li> <li>Degradation of aesthetics <b>– REMOVED 2012</b></li> <li>Degradation of benthos <b>– REMOVED 2015</b></li> <li>Beach closings <b>– REMOVED 2016</b></li> <li>Bird or animal deformities or reproduction problems <b>– REMOVED 2017</b></li> <li>Loss of fish and wildlife habitat – <b>REMOVED 2017</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Remedial_action_plan">Remedial action plan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Remedial action plan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Remediation_and_restoration_work">Remediation and restoration work</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Remediation and restoration work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The St. Clair River AOC includes the entire river, from the Blue Water Bridge at the north end, to the southern tip of Seaway Island, west to <a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Johns_Marsh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Johns Marsh (page does not exist)">St. Johns Marsh</a> and east to include the north shore of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitchells_Bay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitchells Bay (page does not exist)">Mitchells Bay</a> on Lake St. Clair. <a href="/wiki/Anchor_Bay_(Michigan)" title="Anchor Bay (Michigan)">Anchor Bay</a> is not included. </p><p>Through the Great Lakes Agreement, a <a href="/wiki/Remedial_Action_Plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Remedial Action Plan">Remedial Action Plan</a> (RAP) was created to initiate cleanup measures. Its background report noted the adverse effects of pollution in the river and lakes: </p> <ul><li>Restrictions on fish consumption</li> <li>Bird and animal deformities</li> <li>Degradation of <a href="/wiki/Benthos" title="Benthos">benthos</a></li> <li>Restrictions on <a href="/wiki/Dredging" title="Dredging">dredging</a> activities</li> <li>Restrictions on drinking water consumption</li> <li>Beach closings</li> <li>Degradation of <a href="/wiki/Aesthetics" title="Aesthetics">aesthetics</a></li> <li>Added cost to agriculture and industry</li> <li>Loss of fish and wildlife habitat</li></ul> <p>According to the Stage 1 Remedial Action Plan (RAP), the reasons for the Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat beneficial use impairment (BUI) in the St. Clair River were general loss of the aquatic plant community due to industrial, agricultural, recreational, and urban developments. A large blob of <a href="/wiki/Perchloroethylene" class="mw-redirect" title="Perchloroethylene">perchloroethylene</a> was found at the bottom of the St Clair River due to runoff from Dow Chemical Corp in 1985. It remains there, slowly mixing with the water.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The RAP for the St. Clair River AOC was initiated in 1985. A bi-national group called the RAP Team, which included representatives from federal, state, and provincial governments of both Canada and the United States was established in 1987 to develop the plan and to ensure adequate and appropriate public involvement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erosion_and_Great_Lakes_drainage">Erosion and Great Lakes drainage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Erosion and Great Lakes drainage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Federal officials have long acknowledged that dredging and riverbed mining in the St. Clair dropped the long-term average of Great Lakes Huron and Michigan by about 16 inches. A bi-national Great Lakes water-level study concluded in 2013 that unexpected erosion since the last major St. Clair dredging project in the early 1960s has dropped the lakes' long-term average by an additional 3 to 5 inches. Today, these lakes are nearly 2 feet lower than before human modifications to the riverbed of the St. Clair River. This record low has raised concerns about the long-term health of the lakes. Activists urge remediation to slow the flow of waters through the St. Clair River and out of the lake system, to restore former water levels.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, as of October 2020, the Lake Huron water is averaging 581.5 feet above sea level,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is considerably above the Datum of 577.5 feet, and above the Mean Long-Term Water Level of 578.8 feet.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crossings">Crossings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Crossings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This is a list of <a href="/wiki/Bridge" title="Bridge">bridges</a> and other crossings of the St. Clair River from <a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair" title="Lake St. Clair">Lake St. Clair</a> upstream to <a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Crossing </th> <th>Carries </th> <th>Location </th> <th>Coordinates </th></tr> <tr> <td>Walpole Island Bridge </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/RR_32_jct.svg/20px-RR_32_jct.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/RR_32_jct.svg/30px-RR_32_jct.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/RR_32_jct.svg/40px-RR_32_jct.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="451" /></span></span> Municipal Road 32 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chatham-Kent" title="Chatham-Kent">Chatham-Kent Municipality</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walpole_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Walpole Island">Walpole Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> (Crosses the Chenal Ecarte of the St. Clair) </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_35_34.4_N_82_28_27.7_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°35′34.4″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°28′27.7″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.592889°N 82.474361°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.592889; -82.474361</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Harsens Island Ferry </td> <td>Cars and passengers </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algonac,_Michigan" title="Algonac, Michigan">Algonac, Michigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harsens_Island" title="Harsens Island">Harsens Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> (crosses the North Channel of the St. Clair) </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_36_57.4_N_82_33_38.9_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°36′57.4″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°33′38.9″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.615944°N 82.560806°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.615944; -82.560806</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russell_Island_Ferry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russell Island Ferry (page does not exist)">Russell Island Ferry</a> </td> <td>Passengers only </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algonac,_Michigan" title="Algonac, Michigan">Algonac, Michigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russell_Island_(Michigan)" title="Russell Island (Michigan)">Russell Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_37_07.2_N_82_31_47.9_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°37′07.2″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°31′47.9″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.618667°N 82.529972°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.618667; -82.529972</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Walpole%E2%80%93Algonac_Ferry" title="Walpole–Algonac Ferry">Walpole–Algonac Ferry</a> </td> <td>Cars and passengers </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Algonac,_Michigan" title="Algonac, Michigan">Algonac, Michigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walpole_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Walpole Island">Walpole Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_37_01.6_N_82_31_17.6_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°37′01.6″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°31′17.6″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.617111°N 82.521556°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.617111; -82.521556</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sombra%E2%80%93Marine_City_(Bluewater)_Ferry" title="Sombra–Marine City (Bluewater) Ferry">Sombra–Marine City (Bluewater) Ferry</a> - Closed 2018 </td> <td>Cars and passengers </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marine_City,_Michigan" title="Marine City, Michigan">Marine City, Michigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sombra,_Ontario" title="Sombra, Ontario">Sombra, Ontario</a> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_42_46.4_N_82_29_13.3_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°42′46.4″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°29′13.3″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.712889°N 82.487028°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.712889; -82.487028</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_Tunnel" title="St. Clair Tunnel">St. Clair Tunnel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">Canadian National Railway</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Port_Huron,_Michigan" title="Port Huron, Michigan">Port Huron, Michigan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sarnia" title="Sarnia">Sarnia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_57_34.2_N_82_25_19.0_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°57′34.2″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°25′19.0″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.959500°N 82.421944°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.959500; -82.421944</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Blue_Water_Bridge" title="Blue Water Bridge">Blue Water Bridge</a> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/I-94.svg/24px-I-94.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/I-94.svg/36px-I-94.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/I-94.svg/48px-I-94.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></span></span><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/I-69.svg/24px-I-69.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/I-69.svg/36px-I-69.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/I-69.svg/48px-I-69.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Interstate_94_in_Michigan" title="Interstate 94 in Michigan">I-94</a> / <a href="/wiki/Interstate_69_in_Michigan" title="Interstate 69 in Michigan">I-69</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Ontario_402_crown.svg/24px-Ontario_402_crown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Ontario_402_crown.svg/36px-Ontario_402_crown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Ontario_402_crown.svg/48px-Ontario_402_crown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_402" title="Ontario Highway 402">Highway 402</a> </td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_59_55.1_N_82_25_23.9_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°59′55.1″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°25′23.9″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.998639°N 82.423306°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.998639; -82.423306</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Ontario" title="List of rivers of Ontario">List of rivers of Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Michigan" title="List of rivers of Michigan">List of rivers of Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Water_River_Walk" title="Blue Water River Walk">Blue Water River Walk</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NHD-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NHD_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHD_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/">The National Map</a>, accessed November 7, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-straitdefined-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-straitdefined_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-straitdefined_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEckel2005" class="citation web cs1">Eckel, Patricia M. 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Tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Great+Lakes+Low+Water+Datums+-+NOAA+Tides+%26+Currents&rft.pub=Tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftidesandcurrents.noaa.gov%2Fgldatums.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Clair+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.glerl.noaa.gov/data/wlevels/lowlevels/plot/MichHuron.jpg">https://www.glerl.noaa.gov/data/wlevels/lowlevels/plot/MichHuron.jpg</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this image file is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL image file</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Scott, I.D. (1921) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=D10MAAAAYAAJ&pg=GBS.PR22&hl=en">Inland Lakes of Michigan</a> Michigan Geological Society.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Clair_River&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Great_Lakes_of_North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a> of North America</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie" title="Lake Erie">Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan" title="Lake Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Ontario" title="Lake Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Superior" title="Lake Superior">Superior</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Secondary lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Nipigon" title="Lake Nipigon">Nipigon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Nipissing" title="Lake Nipissing">Nipissing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Simcoe" title="Lake Simcoe">Simcoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair" title="Lake St. Clair">St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Winnebago" title="Lake Winnebago">Winnebago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Couchiching" title="Lake Couchiching">Couchiching</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bays and<br />channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Erie</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maumee_Bay" title="Maumee Bay">Maumee Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presque_Isle_Bay" title="Presque Isle Bay">Presque Isle Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandusky_Bay" title="Sandusky Bay">Sandusky Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Huron</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Bay" title="Georgian Bay">Georgian Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nottawasaga_Bay" title="Nottawasaga Bay">Nottawasaga Bay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_George_(Michigan%E2%80%93Ontario)" title="Lake George (Michigan–Ontario)">Lake George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munuscong_Lake" title="Munuscong Lake">Munuscong Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Channel_(Ontario)" title="North Channel (Ontario)">North Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potagannissing_Bay" title="Potagannissing Bay">Potagannissing Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw_Bay" title="Saginaw Bay">Saginaw Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph_Channel" title="St. Joseph Channel">St. Joseph Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay_(Michigan)" title="Thunder Bay (Michigan)">Thunder Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Michigan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Traverse_Bay" title="Grand Traverse Bay">Grand Traverse Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay_(Lake_Michigan)" title="Green Bay (Lake Michigan)">Green Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bay_de_Noc" title="Big Bay de Noc">Big Bay de Noc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Bay_de_Noc" title="Little Bay de Noc">Little Bay de Noc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_des_Morts" title="Porte des Morts">Porte des Morts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon_Bay" title="Sturgeon Bay">Sturgeon Bay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitou_Passage" title="Manitou Passage">Manitou Passage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ontario</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Harbour" title="Hamilton Harbour">Hamilton Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_Bay" title="Humber Bay">Humber Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodus_Bay" title="Sodus Bay">Sodus Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Harbour" title="Toronto Harbour">Toronto Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellers_Bay" title="Wellers Bay">Wellers Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Au_Train_Bay" title="Au Train Bay">Au Train Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chequamegon_Bay" title="Chequamegon Bay">Chequamegon Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_Bay" title="Huron Bay">Huron Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keweenaw_Bay" title="Keweenaw Bay">Keweenaw Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokegama_Bay" title="Pokegama Bay">Pokegama Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_Bay" title="Superior Bay">Superior Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay_(Ontario)" title="Thunder Bay (Ontario)">Thunder Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitefish_Bay" title="Whitefish Bay">Whitefish Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batchawana_Bay" title="Batchawana Bay">Batchawana Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulais_Bay" title="Goulais Bay">Goulais Bay</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">St. Clair</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchor_Bay_(Michigan)" title="Anchor Bay (Michigan)">Anchor Bay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Waterways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie_Canal" title="Erie Canal">Erie Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_River_(Ontario)" title="French River (Ontario)">French River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Waterway" title="Great Lakes Waterway">Great Lakes Waterway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_River" title="Chicago River">Chicago River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_River" title="Niagara River">Niagara River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls" title="Niagara Falls">Falls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipigon_River" title="Nipigon River">Nipigon River</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Clair River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_River" title="St. Lawrence River">St. Lawrence River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Seaway" title="St. Lawrence Seaway">St. Lawrence Seaway</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Marys_River_(Michigan%E2%80%93Ontario)" title="St. Marys River (Michigan–Ontario)">St. Marys River</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sault_Ste._Marie_Canal" title="Sault Ste. Marie Canal">Sault Ste. Marie Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soo_Locks" title="Soo Locks">Soo Locks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straits_of_Mackinac" title="Straits of Mackinac">Straits of Mackinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon_Bay_Ship_Canal" title="Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal">Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent%E2%80%93Severn_Waterway" title="Trent–Severn Waterway">Trent–Severn Waterway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welland_Canal" title="Welland Canal">Welland Canal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Welland_Canal" title="First Welland Canal">First canal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of islands of the Great Lakes">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostle_Islands" title="Apostle Islands">Apostle Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Detroit_River" title="List of islands in the Detroit River">Detroit River Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_Isle_Royale_National_Park" title="List of islands in Isle Royale National Park">Isle Royale National Park Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isle_Royale_National_Park" title="Isle Royale National Park">Isle Royale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lake_Erie_Islands" title="List of Lake Erie Islands">Lake Erie Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manitoulin_Island" title="Manitoulin Island">Manitoulin Island</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Kagawong" title="Lake Kagawong">Lake Kagawong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Manitou" title="Lake Manitou">Lake Manitou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Mindemoya" title="Lake Mindemoya">Lake Mindemoya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island_(Ontario)" title="Treasure Island (Ontario)">Treasure Island</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Ontario" title="List of islands of Ontario">Province of Ontario Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Michigan" title="List of islands of Michigan">State of Michigan Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Michigan_islands_in_Lake_Huron" title="List of Michigan islands in Lake Huron">Lake Huron Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_populated_islands_of_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of populated islands of the Great Lakes">Populated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potawatomi_Islands" title="Potawatomi Islands">Potawatomi Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic geology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Admiralty" title="Lake Admiralty">Lake Admiralty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Agassiz" title="Lake Agassiz">Lake Agassiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Algonquin" title="Lake Algonquin">Lake Algonquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Arkona" title="Lake Arkona">Lake Arkona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champlain_Sea" title="Champlain Sea">Champlain Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Chicago" title="Lake Chicago">Lake Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Chippewa" title="Lake Chippewa">Lake Chippewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Coleman" title="Lake Coleman">Lake Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Duluth" title="Lake Duluth">Lake Duluth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Lake_Erie" title="Early Lake Erie">Early Lake Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Frontenac" title="Lake Frontenac">Lake Frontenac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glacial_Lake_Iroquois" title="Glacial Lake Iroquois">Glacial Lake Iroquois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Maumee" title="Lake Maumee">Lake Maumee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nipissing_Great_Lakes" title="Nipissing Great Lakes">Nipissing Great Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Saginaw" title="Lake Saginaw">Lake Saginaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Stanley" title="Lake Stanley">Lake Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Tonawanda" title="Lake Tonawanda">Lake Tonawanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Warren" title="Lake Warren">Lake Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Wayne" title="Lake Wayne">Lake Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Whittlesey" title="Lake Whittlesey">Lake Whittlesey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Glacial_Maximum" title="Last Glacial Maximum">Last Glacial Maximum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midcontinent_Rift_System" title="Midcontinent Rift System">Midcontinent Rift System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Escarpment" title="Niagara Escarpment">Niagara Escarpment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_Bonnet_Ridge" title="Scotch Bonnet Ridge">Scotch Bonnet Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_glaciation" title="Wisconsin glaciation">Wisconsin glaciation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Great_Lakes" title="Alliance for the Great Lakes">Alliance for the Great Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_and_St._Lawrence_Governors_and_Premiers" title="Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers">Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Areas_of_Concern" title="Great Lakes Areas of Concern">Great Lakes Areas of Concern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Basin_Soil_Erosion_and_Sediment_Control_Program" title="Great Lakes Basin Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Program">Great Lakes Basin Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Charter" title="Great Lakes Charter">Great Lakes Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Commission" title="Great Lakes Commission">Great Lakes Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Compact" title="Great Lakes Compact">Great Lakes Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Environmental_Research_Laboratory" title="Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory">Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Fishery_Commission" title="Great Lakes Fishery Commission">Great Lakes Fishery Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes%E2%80%93Saint_Lawrence_River_Basin_Sustainable_Water_Resources_Agreement" title="Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement">Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Joint_Commission" title="International Joint Commission">International Joint Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_on_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of municipalities on the Great Lakes">Municipalities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_on_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of cities on the Great Lakes">Cities</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Basin" title="Great Lakes Basin">Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Yacht_Club_Race_to_Mackinac" title="Chicago Yacht Club Race to Mackinac">Chicago Yacht Club Race to Mackinac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Circle_Tour" title="Great Lakes Circle Tour">Circle Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crossings_of_the_St._Lawrence_River_and_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of crossings of the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes">Crossings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Loop" title="Great Loop">Great Loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Door_County,_Wisconsin#Lake_breeze" title="Climate of Door County, Wisconsin">Lake breeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake-effect_snow" title="Lake-effect snow">Lake-effect snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_freighter" title="Lake freighter">Lake freighter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan%E2%80%93Huron" title="Lake Michigan–Huron">Lake Michigan–Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Michigan_Triangle" title="Lake Michigan Triangle">Lake Michigan Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_surfing" title="Lake surfing">Lake surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_marine_protected_areas_of_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of marine protected areas of the Great Lakes">Marine protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marysburgh_vortex" title="Marysburgh vortex">Marysburgh vortex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_megalopolis" title="Great Lakes megalopolis">Megalopolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Great_Lakes_museum_and_historic_ships" title="List of Great Lakes museum and historic ships">Museum and historic ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_on_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of ports on the Great Lakes">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_region" title="Great Lakes region">Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurentia_(bioregion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurentia (bioregion)">Laurentia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of shipwrecks in the Great Lakes">Shipwrecks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_storms_on_the_Great_Lakes" title="List of storms on the Great Lakes">Storms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Coast" title="Third Coast">Third Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Treaty_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Great Lakes Treaty (disambiguation)">Treaties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png/28px-Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png/42px-Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png/56px-Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Lakes" title="Portal:Lakes">Lakes portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metro_Detroit" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metro_Detroit" title="Template:Metro Detroit"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metro_Detroit" title="Template talk:Metro Detroit"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metro_Detroit" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metro Detroit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metro_Detroit" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Metro_Detroit" title="Metro Detroit">Metro Detroit</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Architecture of metropolitan Detroit">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Detroit" title="Culture of Detroit">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Economy of metropolitan Detroit">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roads_and_freeways_in_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Roads and freeways in metropolitan Detroit">Freeways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Detroit" title="History of Detroit">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Detroit" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Detroit">Historic places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_International_Riverfront" title="Detroit International Riverfront">International Riverfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair" title="Lake St. Clair">Lake St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Detroit" title="Media in Detroit">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Detroit" title="Music of Detroit">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Parks_in_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Template:Parks in metropolitan Detroit">Parks and beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Detroit" title="List of people from Detroit">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performing_arts_in_Detroit" title="Performing arts in Detroit"> Performing arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Detroit" title="List of tallest buildings in Detroit">Skyscrapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Detroit" title="Sports in Detroit">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Tourism in metropolitan Detroit">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Transportation in metropolitan Detroit">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Metro_Detroit_by_Sentinel-2,_2021-09-06_(big_version).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A satellite image of Metro Detroit, with Windsor across the river, taken on ESA's Sentinel-2 satellite in September 2021."><img alt="A satellite image of Metro Detroit, with Windsor across the river, taken on ESA's Sentinel-2 satellite in September 2021." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Metro_Detroit_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2021-09-06_%28big_version%29.jpg/100px-Metro_Detroit_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2021-09-06_%28big_version%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Metro_Detroit_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2021-09-06_%28big_version%29.jpg/150px-Metro_Detroit_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2021-09-06_%28big_version%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Metro_Detroit_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2021-09-06_%28big_version%29.jpg/200px-Metro_Detroit_by_Sentinel-2%2C_2021-09-06_%28big_version%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11192" data-file-height="11192" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Detroit" title="Downtown Detroit">Downtown Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Detroit" title="Midtown Detroit">Midtown Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Center,_Detroit" title="New Center, Detroit">New Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipalities<br /><small> over 80,000</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Michigan" title="Canton, Michigan">Canton Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Township,_Macomb_County,_Michigan" title="Clinton Township, Macomb County, Michigan">Clinton Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dearborn,_Michigan" title="Dearborn, Michigan">Dearborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmington_Hills,_Michigan" title="Farmington Hills, Michigan">Farmington Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livonia,_Michigan" title="Livonia, Michigan">Livonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macomb_Township,_Michigan" title="Macomb Township, Michigan">Macomb Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Heights,_Michigan" title="Sterling Heights, Michigan">Sterling Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy,_Michigan" title="Troy, Michigan">Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren,_Michigan" title="Warren, Michigan">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland,_Michigan" title="Westland, Michigan">Westland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipalities<br /><small> 40,000 to 80,000</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomfield_Township,_Oakland_County,_Michigan" title="Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan">Bloomfield Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesterfield_Township,_Michigan" title="Chesterfield Township, Michigan">Chesterfield Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_Township,_Michigan" title="Commerce Township, Michigan">Commerce Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dearborn_Heights,_Michigan" title="Dearborn Heights, Michigan">Dearborn Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grosse_Pointe" title="Grosse Pointe">Grosse Pointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Park,_Michigan" title="Lincoln Park, Michigan">Lincoln Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi,_Michigan" title="Novi, Michigan">Novi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiac,_Michigan" title="Pontiac, Michigan">Pontiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redford,_Michigan" title="Redford, Michigan">Redford Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Hills,_Michigan" title="Rochester Hills, Michigan">Rochester Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roseville,_Michigan" title="Roseville, Michigan">Roseville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Oak,_Michigan" title="Royal Oak, Michigan">Royal Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_Shores,_Michigan" title="St. Clair Shores, Michigan">St. Clair Shores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Charter_Township,_Michigan" title="Shelby Charter Township, Michigan">Shelby Charter Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southfield,_Michigan" title="Southfield, Michigan">Southfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor,_Michigan" title="Taylor, Michigan">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterford_Township,_Michigan" title="Waterford Township, Michigan">Waterford Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bloomfield_Township,_Michigan" title="West Bloomfield Township, Michigan">West Bloomfield Township</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural<br />enclaves</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auburn_Hills,_Michigan" title="Auburn Hills, Michigan">Auburn Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Michigan" title="Birmingham, Michigan">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomfield_Hills,_Michigan" title="Bloomfield Hills, Michigan">Bloomfield Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dearborn,_Michigan" title="Dearborn, Michigan">Dearborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downriver" title="Downriver">Downriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Detroit" title="Downtown Detroit">Downtown Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grosse_Pointe" title="Grosse Pointe">Grosse Pointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Detroit" title="Midtown Detroit">Midtown Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Center,_Detroit" title="New Center, Detroit">New Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northville,_Michigan" title="Northville, Michigan">Northville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Michigan" title="Rochester, Michigan">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Oak,_Michigan" title="Royal Oak, Michigan">Royal Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southfield,_Michigan" title="Southfield, Michigan">Southfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy,_Michigan" title="Troy, Michigan">Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth,_Michigan" title="Plymouth, Michigan">Plymouth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellite cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton,_Michigan" title="Brighton, Michigan">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint,_Michigan" title="Flint, Michigan">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell,_Michigan" title="Howell, Michigan">Howell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapeer,_Michigan" title="Lapeer, Michigan">Lapeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe,_Michigan" title="Monroe, Michigan">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Huron,_Michigan" title="Port Huron, Michigan">Port Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ypsilanti,_Michigan" title="Ypsilanti, Michigan">Ypsilanti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Counties in <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_statistical_area" title="Metropolitan statistical area">MSA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lapeer_County,_Michigan" title="Lapeer County, Michigan">Lapeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston_County,_Michigan" title="Livingston County, Michigan">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macomb_County,_Michigan" title="Macomb County, Michigan">Macomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakland_County,_Michigan" title="Oakland County, Michigan">Oakland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_County,_Michigan" title="St. Clair County, Michigan">St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_County,_Michigan" title="Wayne County, Michigan">Wayne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Counties in <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">CSA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genesee_County,_Michigan" title="Genesee County, Michigan">Genesee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenawee_County,_Michigan" title="Lenawee County, Michigan">Lenawee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Michigan" title="Monroe County, Michigan">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washtenaw_County,_Michigan" title="Washtenaw County, Michigan">Washtenaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Michigan" title="Southeast Michigan">Southeast</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="457" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Central/Mid-Michigan_including_the_Tri-Cities_and_Thumb" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Central_Michigan" title="Template:Central Michigan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Central_Michigan" title="Template talk:Central Michigan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Central_Michigan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Central Michigan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Central/Mid-Michigan_including_the_Tri-Cities_and_Thumb" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Central_Michigan" title="Central Michigan">Central/Mid-Michigan</a> including the Tri-Cities and Thumb</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint,_Michigan" title="Flint, Michigan">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Michigan" title="Saginaw, Michigan">Saginaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_City,_Michigan" title="Bay City, Michigan">Bay City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland,_Michigan" title="Midland, Michigan">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Michigan" title="Mount Pleasant, Michigan">Mount Pleasant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lansing%E2%80%93East_Lansing_metropolitan_area" title="Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area">Greater Lansing area</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_County,_Michigan" title="Clinton County, Michigan">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eaton_County,_Michigan" title="Eaton County, Michigan">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingham_County,_Michigan" title="Ingham County, Michigan">Ingham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flint and <a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Midland,_and_Bay_City_metropolitan_area" title="Saginaw, Midland, and Bay City metropolitan area">Tri-Cities area</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arenac_County,_Michigan" title="Arenac County, Michigan">Arenac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_County,_Michigan" title="Bay County, Michigan">Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_County,_Michigan" title="Clare County, Michigan">Clare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genesee_County,_Michigan" title="Genesee County, Michigan">Genesee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladwin_County,_Michigan" title="Gladwin County, Michigan">Gladwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gratiot_County,_Michigan" title="Gratiot County, Michigan">Gratiot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_County,_Michigan" title="Isabella County, Michigan">Isabella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland_County,_Michigan" title="Midland County, Michigan">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw_County,_Michigan" title="Saginaw County, Michigan">Saginaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiawassee_County,_Michigan" title="Shiawassee County, Michigan">Shiawassee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Thumb" title="The Thumb">The Thumb</a> area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huron_County,_Michigan" title="Huron County, Michigan">Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapeer_County,_Michigan" title="Lapeer County, Michigan">Lapeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuscola_County,_Michigan" title="Tuscola County, Michigan">Tuscola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanilac_County,_Michigan" title="Sanilac County, Michigan">Sanilac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_County,_Michigan" title="St. Clair County, Michigan">St. Clair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bad_River_(Michigan)" title="Bad River (Michigan)">Bad River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_River_(St._Clair_River_tributary)" title="Black River (St. Clair River tributary)">Black River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cass_River_(Michigan)" title="Cass River (Michigan)">Cass River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chippewa_River_(Michigan)" title="Chippewa River (Michigan)">Chippewa River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_River_(Michigan)" title="Flint River (Michigan)">Flint River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_River_(Michigan)" title="Grand River (Michigan)">Grand River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Huron" title="Lake Huron">Lake Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Basin" title="Michigan Basin">Michigan Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_River_(Chippewa_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pine River (Chippewa River)">Pine River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Cedar_River_(Michigan)" title="Red Cedar River (Michigan)">Red Cedar River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw_Bay" title="Saginaw Bay">Saginaw Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw_River" title="Saginaw River">Saginaw River</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Clair River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tittabawassee_River" title="Tittabawassee River">Tittabawassee River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Water_(train)" title="Blue Water (train)">Amtrak <i>Blue Water</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_International_Airport" title="Bishop International Airport">Bishop International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Water_Bridge" title="Blue Water Bridge">Blue Water Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Region_International_Airport" title="Capital Region International Airport">Capital Region International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSX_Saginaw_Subdivision" class="mw-redirect" title="CSX Saginaw Subdivision">CSX Saginaw Subdivision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Trunk_Western_Railroad" title="Grand Trunk Western Railroad">Grand Trunk Western Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBS_International_Airport" title="MBS International Airport">MBS International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zilwaukee_Bridge" title="Zilwaukee Bridge">Zilwaukee Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Bay Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Bay Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Area_Transportation_Authority" title="Capital Area Transportation Authority">Capital Area Transportation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint_Mass_Transportation_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Flint Mass Transportation Authority">MTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw_Transit_Authority_Regional_Services" title="Saginaw Transit Authority Regional Services">STARS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Genesys_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascension Genesys Hospital">Ascension Genesys Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto-Owners_Insurance" title="Auto-Owners Insurance">Auto-Owners Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biggby_Coffee" title="Biggby Coffee">Biggby Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CMS_Energy" title="CMS Energy">CMS Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comerica" title="Comerica">Comerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dow_Chemical" class="mw-redirect" title="Dow Chemical">Dow Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DTE_Energy" title="DTE Energy">DTE Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurley_Medical_Center" title="Hurley Medical Center">Hurley Medical Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koegel_Meat_Company" title="Koegel Meat Company">Koegel Meat Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Sugar" title="Michigan Sugar">Michigan Sugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MidMichigan_Health" class="mw-redirect" title="MidMichigan Health">MidMichigan Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McLaren_Health_Care_Corporation" title="McLaren Health Care Corporation">McLaren Health Care Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexteer_Automotive" title="Nexteer Automotive">Nexteer Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_Dairy_Company" title="Quality Dairy Company">Quality Dairy Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soaring_Eagle_Casino_%26_Resort" class="mw-redirect" title="Soaring Eagle Casino & Resort">Soaring Eagle Casino & Resort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartan_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartan Motors">Spartan Motors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Flag_of_Michigan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Michigan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="457" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Michigan" title="Northern Michigan">Northern Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Michigan" title="Southeast Michigan">Southeast Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Peninsula">Upper Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Michigan" title="West Michigan">West Michigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Parks_in_metropolitan_Detroit" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#abdb75;color:black;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parks_in_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Template:Parks in metropolitan Detroit"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parks_in_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Template talk:Parks in metropolitan Detroit"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parks_in_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parks in metropolitan Detroit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Parks_in_metropolitan_Detroit" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Parks in <a href="/wiki/Metro_Detroit" title="Metro Detroit"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">metropolitan Detroit</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#abdb75;text-align:center;"><small><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit city</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Isle_Park" title="Belle Isle Park">Belle Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Campau_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Campau Park (page does not exist)">Campau Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_Martius_Park" title="Campus Martius Park">Campus Martius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chandler_Park_(Detroit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chandler Park (Detroit) (page does not exist)">Chandler Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Vernor%E2%80%93Junction_Historic_District" title="West Vernor–Junction Historic District">Clark Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Park_(Detroit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Park (Detroit) (page does not exist)">Central Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dequindre_Cut" title="Dequindre Cut">Dequindre Cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_International_Riverfront" title="Detroit International Riverfront">International Riverfront</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engel_Memorial_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Engel Memorial Park (page does not exist)">Engel Memorial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ford_Park_(Detroit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ford Park (Detroit) (page does not exist)">Ford Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne_(Detroit)" title="Fort Wayne (Detroit)">Fort Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Richard_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabriel Richard Park">Gabriel Richard Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Circus_Park_Historic_District" title="Grand Circus Park Historic District">Grand Circus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Howell_Park" title="Eliza Howell Park">Howell Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Park,_Detroit" title="Lafayette Park, Detroit">Lafayette Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_G._Milliken_State_Park_and_Harbor" title="William G. Milliken State Park and Harbor">Milliken State Park and Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Center_Park" title="New Center Park">New Center Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Owen_Park_(Detroit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Owen Park (Detroit) (page does not exist)">Owen Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmer_Park_(Detroit)" title="Palmer Park (Detroit)">Palmer Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Vernor%E2%80%93Junction_Historic_District" title="West Vernor–Junction Historic District">Patton Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reid_Memorial_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reid Memorial Park (page does not exist)">Reid Memorial Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Central_Station" title="Michigan Central Station">Roosevelt Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Rouge_(Michigan)" title="River Rouge (Michigan)">River Rouge Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_Fair" title="Michigan State Fair">State Fairgrounds</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Three_Mile_Drive_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Three Mile Drive Park (page does not exist)">Three Mile Drive Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UIS_Irish_Plaza" title="UIS Irish Plaza">UIS Irish Plaza</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FountainDetroitZoo1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/FountainDetroitZoo1.jpg/100px-FountainDetroitZoo1.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/FountainDetroitZoo1.jpg/150px-FountainDetroitZoo1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/FountainDetroitZoo1.jpg/200px-FountainDetroitZoo1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#abdb75;text-align:center;"><small><a href="/wiki/Metro_Detroit" title="Metro Detroit">Metro</a><br />600 to 1,500 acres (243 to 607 ha)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Addison_Oaks_County_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Addison Oaks County Park (page does not exist)">Addison Oaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algonac_State_Park" title="Algonac State Park">Algonac State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Isle_Park" title="Belle Isle Park">Belle Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Dearborn" title="Camp Dearborn">Camp Dearborn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crosswinds_Marsh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crosswinds Marsh (page does not exist)">Crosswinds Marsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayes_State_Park" title="Hayes State Park">Hayes State Park</a> (<a href="/wiki/Irish_Hills" title="Irish Hills">Irish Hills</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independence_Oaks_County_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independence Oaks County Park (page does not exist)">Independence Oaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Huron_Metropark" title="Lower Huron Metropark">Lower Huron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakeport_State_Park" title="Lakeport State Park">Lakeport State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maybury_State_Park" title="Maybury State Park">Maybury State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamora-Hadley_Recreation_Area" title="Metamora-Hadley Recreation Area">Metamora-Hadley Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair_Metropark" title="Lake St. Clair Metropark">Metro Beach Metropark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_State_Park" title="Sterling State Park">Sterling State Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#abdb75;text-align:center;"><small>1,500 to 5,000 acres (607 to 2,023 ha)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bald_Mountain_Recreation_Area" title="Bald Mountain Recreation Area">Bald Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_Recreation_Area" title="Brighton Recreation Area">Brighton Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hines_Drive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hines Drive (page does not exist)">Hines Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Mills_Metropark" title="Hudson Mills Metropark">Hudson Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_Meadows_Metropark" title="Huron Meadows Metropark">Huron Meadows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Springs_Metropark" title="Indian Springs Metropark">Indian Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Metropark" title="Kensington Metropark">Kensington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Erie_Metropark" title="Lake Erie Metropark">Lake Erie Metropark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Lake_Recreation_Area" title="Pontiac Lake Recreation Area">Pontiac Lake Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakwoods_Metropark" title="Oakwoods Metropark">Oakwoods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stony_Creek_Metropark" title="Stony Creek Metropark">Stony Creek Metropark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolcott_Mill_Metropark" title="Wolcott Mill Metropark">Wolcott Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_Metropark" title="Willow Metropark">Willow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#abdb75;text-align:center;"><small>over 5,000 acres (2,023 ha) </small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_River_International_Wildlife_Refuge" title="Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge">Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Recreation_Area" title="Highland Recreation Area">Highland Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortonville_Recreation_Area" title="Ortonville Recreation Area">Ortonville Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinckney_State_Recreation_Area" title="Pinckney State Recreation Area">Pinckney State Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointe_Mouillee_State_Game_Area" title="Pointe Mouillee State Game Area">Pointe Mouillee State Game Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#abdb75;text-align:center;"><small>Waterways</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_River_(Michigan)" title="Clinton River (Michigan)">Clinton River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_River" title="Detroit River">Detroit River</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Detroit_River" title="List of islands in the Detroit River">Islands</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huron_River" title="Huron River">Huron River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair" title="Lake St. Clair">Lake St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Rouge_(Michigan)" title="River Rouge (Michigan)">River Rouge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Clair River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#abdb75;text-align:center;"><small>Major beaches</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Isle_Park" title="Belle Isle Park">Belle Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Metropark" title="Kensington Metropark">Kensington</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lakeside_Beach_and_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lakeside Beach and Park (page does not exist)">Lakeside Beach and Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lighthouse_Beach_and_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lighthouse Beach and Park (page does not exist)">Lighthouse Beach and Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Clair_Metropark" title="Lake St. Clair Metropark">Metro Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stony_Creek_Metropark" title="Stony Creek Metropark">Stony Creek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#abdb75;text-align:center;"><small>Trails<br />5 to 36 miles (8 to 58 km)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bald_Mountain_Recreation_Area" title="Bald Mountain Recreation Area">Bald Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_International_Riverfront#Detroit_River_Walk" title="Detroit International Riverfront">Detroit River Walk</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dequindre_Cut" title="Dequindre Cut">Dequindre Cut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highland_Recreation_Lakes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Highland Recreation Lakes (page does not exist)">Highland Recreation Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Metropark" title="Kensington Metropark">Kensington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakelands_Trail_State_Park" title="Lakelands Trail State Park">Lakelands Trail State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novi_North_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novi North Park (page does not exist)">Novi North Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_Creek_Trail" title="Paint Creek Trail">Paint Creek Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poly_Ann_Trail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poly Ann Trail (page does not exist)">Poly Ann Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Lake_Recreation_Area" title="Pontiac Lake Recreation Area">Pontiac Lake Recreation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stony_Creek_Metropark" title="Stony Creek Metropark">Stony Creek Inwood Trails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trails_in_Detroit" title="Trails in Detroit">Trails in Detroit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo-Pinckney_Trail" title="Waterloo-Pinckney Trail">Waterloo-Pinckney Trail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#abdb75;text-align:center;"><small>Zoological and botanical</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belle_Isle_Conservatory" title="Belle Isle Conservatory">Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranbrook_Educational_Community" title="Cranbrook Educational Community">Cranbrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Zoo" title="Detroit Zoo">Detroit Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthaei_Botanical_Gardens" title="Matthaei Botanical Gardens">Matthaei Botanical Gardens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#abdb75;"><div><i>See also <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_metropolitan_Detroit" title="Tourism in metropolitan Detroit">Tourism in metropolitan Detroit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Huron%E2%80%93Clinton_Metroparks" title="Huron–Clinton Metroparks">Huron–Clinton Metroparks</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Clair_River&params=42_31_59_N_82_40_29_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°31′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">82°40′29″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.53306°N 82.67472°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.53306; -82.67472</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054325#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054325#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054325#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4219639-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh86001240">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007541412305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/231415818">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10038712">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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