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Zhou Enlai - Wikipedia
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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Biografia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primi_anni_di_formazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primi_anni_di_formazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Primi anni di formazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primi_anni_di_formazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carriera_rivoluzionaria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carriera_rivoluzionaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Carriera rivoluzionaria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carriera_rivoluzionaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Al_governo_della_Cina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Al_governo_della_Cina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Al governo della Cina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Al_governo_della_Cina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Morte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Morte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frasi_celebri_attribuitegli" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frasi_celebri_attribuitegli"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Frasi celebri attribuitegli</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frasi_celebri_attribuitegli-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Zhou Enlai</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 82 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="تشوان لاي - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تشوان لاي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%89" title="تشوان لاى - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تشوان لاى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Эньлай Чжоу - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эньлай Чжоу" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Чжоу Эньлай - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Чжоу Эньлай" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Джоу Енлай - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джоу Енлай" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8C_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87" title="চৌ এন-লাই - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চৌ এন-লাই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C5%AD_%C5%8Eng-l%C3%A0i" title="Ciŭ Ŏng-lài - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ciŭ Ŏng-lài" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cou_En-laj" title="Čou En-laj - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Čou En-laj" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%95%CE%BD_%CE%9B%CE%AC%CE%B9" title="Τσου Εν Λάι - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσου Εν Λάι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A6%D9%88_%D8%A6%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="جئو ئن لای - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جئو ئن لای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BB_%C3%8An-l%C3%B2i" title="Chû Ên-lòi - hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chû Ên-lòi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%90%D7%95_%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%99" title="ג'ואו אנלאי - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ואו אנלאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%89_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="झ़ोउ एनलाई - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="झ़ोउ एनलाई" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cu_En-laj" title="Ču En-laj - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ču En-laj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csou_En-laj" title="Csou En-laj - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csou En-laj" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E6%9D%A5" title="周恩来 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="周恩来" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98" title="ჯოუ ენლაი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯოუ ენლაი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%80%EC%9A%B0%EC%96%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4" title="저우언라이 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="저우언라이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Чжоу Эньлай - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Чжоу Эньлай" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%88%E0%BB%8B_%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8D" title="ໂຈ໋ ເອີນຫຼາຍ - lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໂຈ໋ ເອີນຫຼາຍ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEou_Enlai" title="Džou Enlai - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Džou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEou_E%C5%86lajs" title="Džou Eņlajs - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džou Eņlajs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%97_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D" title="ചൗ എൻലായ് - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചൗ എൻലായ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Жоу Эньлай - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жоу Эньлай" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8C_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF" title="चौ एन्लाय - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चौ एन्लाय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ချူအင်လိုင်း - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ချူအင်လိုင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="چو انلای - mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="چو انلای" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%89_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87" title="झोउ एनलाइ - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="झोउ एनलाइ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="چو این لائی - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چو این لائی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciu_Enlai" title="Ciu Enlai - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ciu Enlai" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Чжоу Эньлай - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чжоу Эньлай" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%9E_%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92" title="චෞ එන්ලායි - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="චෞ එන්ලායි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cou_En-laj" title="Čou En-laj - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Čou En-laj" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEov_Enlaj" title="Džov Enlaj - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Džov Enlaj" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98" title="Џоу Енлај - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џоу Енлај" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="சோ என்லாய் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சோ என்லாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A7_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5" title="โจว เอินไหล - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โจว เอินไหล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87u_Enlay" title="Çu Enlay - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çu Enlay" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83_%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Чжоу Еньлай - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чжоу Еньлай" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="چو این لائی - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="چو این لائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_%C3%82n_Lai" title="Chu Ân Lai - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chu Ân Lai" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Zhou Enlai" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86" title="周恩來 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="周恩來" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98" title="ჯოუ ენლაი - mengrelio" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯოუ ენლაი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mengrelio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couh_Wnhlaiz" title="Couh Wnhlaiz - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Couh Wnhlaiz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E6%9D%A5" title="周恩来 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="周恩来" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiu_Un-l%C3%A2i" title="Chiu Un-lâi - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chiu Un-lâi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86" title="周恩來 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="周恩來" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17410#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Guerra/Biografie" title="Progetto:Guerra/Biografie">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EAEAF7;color: black;">Zhou Enlai<br /><small>周恩来</small></th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86.jpg/212px-%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86.jpg" decoding="async" width="212" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86.jpg/318px-%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86.jpg/424px-%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E5%91%A8%E6%81%A9%E4%BE%86.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="708" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>Zhou Enlai negli <a href="/wiki/Anni_1940" title="Anni 1940">anni 1940</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Primi_ministri_della_Cina" title="Primi ministri della Cina">Primo ministro del Consiglio di Stato della Repubblica Popolare Cinese</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>1º ottobre <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a> –<br />8 gennaio <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Capo di Stato</th><td><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Presidente</th><td><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Liu_Shaoqi" title="Liu Shaoqi">Liu Shaoqi</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Song_Qingling" title="Song Qingling">Song Qingling</a><br /><small>(<i>ad interim</i>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Dong_Biwu" title="Dong Biwu">Dong Biwu</a><br /><small>(<i>ad interim</i>)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Zhu_De" title="Zhu De">Zhu De</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Vice capo del governo</th><td><a href="/wiki/Dong_Biwu" title="Dong Biwu">Dong Biwu</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><i>Carica istituita</i> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Hua_Guofeng" title="Hua Guofeng">Hua Guofeng</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Presidente_del_Partito_Comunista_Cinese" title="Presidente del Partito Comunista Cinese">Vicepresidente del Partito Comunista Cinese</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>28 settembre <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a> –<br />1º agosto <a href="/wiki/1966" title="1966">1966</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><i>Carica istituita</i> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>30 agosto <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a> –<br />8 gennaio <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a> (1971) </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Hua_Guofeng" title="Hua Guofeng">Hua Guofeng</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Conferenza_politica_consultiva_del_popolo_cinese" title="Conferenza politica consultiva del popolo cinese">Presidente del Comitato nazionale della Conferenza politica consultiva del popolo cinese</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>dicembre <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a> –<br />8 gennaio <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><i>Carica vacante</i><br />(1976-1978)<br /><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Repubblica_Popolare_Cinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Repubblica Popolare Cinese">Ministro degli affari esteri della Repubblica Popolare Cinese</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td><a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a> –<br /><a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><i>Carica istituita</i> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(politico)" title="Chen Yi (politico)">Chen Yi</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EAEAF7;color: black;">Dati generali</th></tr><tr><th>Partito politico</th><td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(Pre-1996).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Partito_Comunista_Cinese" title="Partito Comunista Cinese">Partito Comunista Cinese</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Professione</th><td>Militare, diplomatico </td></tr><tr><th>Firma</th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhou_Enlai_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Firma di Zhou Enlai 周恩来"><img alt="Firma di Zhou Enlai 周恩来" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Zhou_Enlai_Signature.svg/130px-Zhou_Enlai_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Zhou_Enlai_Signature.svg/195px-Zhou_Enlai_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Zhou_Enlai_Signature.svg/260px-Zhou_Enlai_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="114" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue; color: black;">Zhou Enlai</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:ZhouEnlai3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ZhouEnlai3.jpg/209px-ZhouEnlai3.jpg" decoding="async" width="209" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ZhouEnlai3.jpg/313px-ZhouEnlai3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ZhouEnlai3.jpg/417px-ZhouEnlai3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="862" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>Zhou Enlai nel 1924 circa</td></tr><tr><th>Nascita</th><td><a href="/wiki/Huai%27an" title="Huai'an">Huai'an</a>, 5 marzo 1898 </td></tr><tr><th>Morte</th><td><a href="/wiki/Pechino" title="Pechino">Pechino</a>, 8 gennaio 1976 </td></tr><tr><th>Cause della morte</th><td><a href="/wiki/Cancro_alla_vescica" class="mw-redirect" title="Cancro alla vescica">Cancro alla vescica</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Religione</th><td><a href="/wiki/Ateismo" title="Ateismo">Ateismo</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue; color: black;">Dati militari</th></tr><tr><th>Paese servito</th><td><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Repubblica di Cina (bandiera)"><img alt="Repubblica di Cina (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Governo_nazionalista" title="Governo nazionalista">Governo nazionalista</a><br /><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_(Pre-1996).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party_%28Pre-1996%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Partito_Comunista_Cinese" title="Partito Comunista Cinese">Partito Comunista Cinese</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Forza armata</th><td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China_Army.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China_Army.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China_Army.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Esercito_Rivoluzionario_Nazionale" class="mw-redirect" title="Esercito Rivoluzionario Nazionale">Esercito Rivoluzionario Nazionale</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%B7%A5%E8%BE%B2%E7%B4%85%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E6%97%97.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%B7%A5%E8%BE%B2%E7%B4%85%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E6%97%97.svg/20px-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%B7%A5%E8%BE%B2%E7%B4%85%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E6%97%97.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%B7%A5%E8%BE%B2%E7%B4%85%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E6%97%97.svg/30px-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%B7%A5%E8%BE%B2%E7%B4%85%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E6%97%97.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%B7%A5%E8%BE%B2%E7%B4%85%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E6%97%97.svg/40px-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%B7%A5%E8%BE%B2%E7%B4%85%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E6%97%97.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="229" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Armata_Rossa_Cinese" title="Armata Rossa Cinese">Armata Rossa Cinese</a><br /><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Esercito_Popolare_di_Liberazione" title="Esercito Popolare di Liberazione">Esercito Popolare di Liberazione</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Anni di servizio</th><td>1921 - 1949 </td></tr><tr><th>Grado</th><td><a href="/wiki/Generale" title="Generale">Generale</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Comandanti</th><td><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Zhu_De" title="Zhu De">Zhu De</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Guerre</th><td><a href="/wiki/Rivolta_del_Corpo_dei_Mercanti_di_Canton" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivolta del Corpo dei Mercanti di Canton">Rivolta del Corpo dei Mercanti di Canton</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Spedizione_del_Nord" title="Spedizione del Nord">Spedizione del Nord</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Seconda_guerra_sino-giapponese" title="Seconda guerra sino-giapponese">Seconda guerra sino-giapponese</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Guerra_civile_cinese" title="Guerra civile cinese">Guerra civile cinese</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Campagne</th><td><a href="/wiki/Rivolta_di_Nanchang" title="Rivolta di Nanchang">Rivolta di Nanchang</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Campagne_di_accerchiamento" title="Campagne di accerchiamento">Campagne di accerchiamento</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lunga_marcia" title="Lunga marcia">Lunga marcia</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Studi militari</th><td><a href="/wiki/Accademia_militare_di_Whampoa" title="Accademia militare di Whampoa">Accademia militare di Whampoa</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Altre cariche</th><td>Primo ministro del Consiglio di Stato della Repubblica Popolare Cinese<br />Vicepresidente del Partito Comunista Cinese<br />Presidente del Comitato nazionale della Conferenza politica consultiva del popolo cinese<br />Ministro degli affari esteri </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="sinottico_piede" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><b><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Militari" title="Categoria:Militari">voci di militari presenti su Wikipedia</a></b> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Template:Militare/man" title="Template:Militare/man"><span title="Manuale del template Militare">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Zhou Enlai<sup id="cite_ref-notanomezh_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notanomezh-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b> (<span dir="ltr" lang="zh-tw">周恩來</span><span style="font:bold 80% sans-serif; text-decoration:none; padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Caratteri_cinesi_tradizionali" title="Caratteri cinesi tradizionali">T</a></sup></span>, <span dir="ltr" lang="zh-cn">周恩来</span><span style="font:bold 80% sans-serif; text-decoration:none; padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Caratteri_cinesi_semplificati" title="Caratteri cinesi semplificati">S</a></sup></span>, <i>Zhōu Ēnlái</i><span style="font:bold 80% sans-serif; text-decoration:none; padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">P</a></sup></span>, <i>Chou En-lai</i><span style="font:bold 80% sans-serif; text-decoration:none; padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Wade-Giles" title="Wade-Giles">W</a></sup></span>; in italiano <a href="/wiki/Romanizzazione_della_lingua_cinese" title="Romanizzazione della lingua cinese">scritto</a>, <b>Giou En-lai</b>) (<a href="/wiki/Huai%27an" title="Huai'an">Huai'an</a>, <a href="/wiki/5_marzo" title="5 marzo">5 marzo</a> <a href="/wiki/1898" title="1898">1898</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pechino" title="Pechino">Pechino</a>, <a href="/wiki/8_gennaio" title="8 gennaio">8 gennaio</a> <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a>) è stato un <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">politico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rivoluzione" title="Rivoluzione">rivoluzionario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Generale" title="Generale">generale</a> e <a href="/wiki/Diplomatico" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatico">diplomatico</a> <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">cinese</a>. </p><p>Importante dirigente del <a href="/wiki/Partito_Comunista_Cinese" title="Partito Comunista Cinese">Partito Comunista Cinese</a>, fu capo di governo della <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">Repubblica Popolare Cinese</a> dal 1949 fino alla morte. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primi_anni_di_formazione">Primi anni di formazione</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Primi anni di formazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Primi anni di formazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nato nella città di <a href="/wiki/Huai%27an" title="Huai'an">Huai'an</a>, nella provincia del <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a>, fu adottato da una ricca famiglia di <a href="/wiki/Tianjin" class="mw-redirect" title="Tianjin">Tientsin</a>. Zhou studiò al <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liceo_Nankai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liceo Nankai (la pagina non esiste)">liceo Nankai</a> di Tianjin ed in <a href="/wiki/Giappone" title="Giappone">Giappone</a> all'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Meiji" title="Università Meiji">Università Meiji</a> (1915-1918), dove venne in contatto con il nascente movimento socialista giapponese. Tornato a Tianjin, fu per un breve periodo agli arresti per associazione sovversiva. Nel 1920, dopo il suo rilascio, studiò in <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a>, dove si trovavano importanti gruppi di studenti cinesi vicini al movimento comunista e all'<a href="/wiki/Anarchismo" title="Anarchismo">anarchismo</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Gran_Bretagna" title="Gran Bretagna">Gran Bretagna</a> e in <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a>. Si unì al <a href="/wiki/Partito_Comunista_Cinese" title="Partito Comunista Cinese">Partito Comunista Cinese</a> (PCC) nel 1921 e tornò in Cina nel 1924 per collaborare con il rivoluzionario repubblicano <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a>. L'8 agosto 1925 sposò a Tianjin <a href="/wiki/Deng_Yingchao" title="Deng Yingchao">Deng Yingchao</a>, una studentessa politicamente attiva. Non ebbero mai figli, ma adottarono in seguito numerosi orfani di "martiri rivoluzionari", il più famoso dei quali fu <a href="/wiki/Li_Peng" title="Li Peng">Li Peng</a> (nato nel 1928 e orfano dal 1931), capo del governo della Repubblica Popolare Cinese dal 1987 al 1998. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carriera_rivoluzionaria">Carriera rivoluzionaria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Carriera rivoluzionaria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Carriera rivoluzionaria"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zhou salì alla ribalta nazionale per la prima volta durante il <a href="/wiki/Movimento_del_4_maggio_1919" title="Movimento del 4 maggio 1919">movimento del 4 maggio 1919</a>, quando guidò un attacco a un ufficio governativo locale, in seguito all'umiliante firma del <a href="/wiki/Trattato_di_Versailles" title="Trattato di Versailles">trattato di Versailles</a> che cedeva la provincia dello <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a> al Giappone, nonostante la Cina fosse tra le nazioni vincitrici della <a href="/wiki/Prima_guerra_mondiale" title="Prima guerra mondiale">prima guerra mondiale</a>. Dopo il suo ritorno in Cina fu presidente del dipartimento politico dell'<a href="/wiki/Accademia_militare_di_Whampoa" title="Accademia militare di Whampoa">accademia militare di Whampoa</a> nei pressi di <a href="/wiki/Canton" title="Canton">Canton</a>, fondata nel 1924, dove, sotto il nazionalismo repubblicano di Sun Yat-sen, convivevano sia comunisti affiliati all'<a href="/wiki/Internazionale_Comunista" title="Internazionale Comunista">Internazionale Comunista</a> (Comintern) sia nazionalisti di destra come <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chiang_Kai-shek_and_Zhou_Enlai_with_cadets_at_Whampoa_Military_Academy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chiang_Kai-shek_and_Zhou_Enlai_with_cadets_at_Whampoa_Military_Academy.jpg/220px-Chiang_Kai-shek_and_Zhou_Enlai_with_cadets_at_Whampoa_Military_Academy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="391" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chiang_Kai-shek_and_Zhou_Enlai_with_cadets_at_Whampoa_Military_Academy.jpg/330px-Chiang_Kai-shek_and_Zhou_Enlai_with_cadets_at_Whampoa_Military_Academy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Chiang_Kai-shek_and_Zhou_Enlai_with_cadets_at_Whampoa_Military_Academy.jpg/440px-Chiang_Kai-shek_and_Zhou_Enlai_with_cadets_at_Whampoa_Military_Academy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1137" /></a><figcaption>Zhou Enlai (a sinistra) con <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> e altri cadetti all'<a href="/wiki/Accademia_militare_di_Whampoa" title="Accademia militare di Whampoa">Accademia militare di Whampoa</a> nel 1924 circa.</figcaption></figure> <p>Dopo l'inizio della <a href="/wiki/Spedizione_del_Nord" title="Spedizione del Nord">spedizione del Nord</a> del 1926 si dedicò all'organizzazione sindacale, promuovendo uno sciopero generale a <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>, consentendo così al <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> di prendere la città (a esclusione dei quartieri direttamente controllati dalle nazioni europee). Una volta conquistata buona parte della città, il Kuomintang ruppe con i comunisti e si alleò alla mafia locale, promuovendo <a href="/wiki/Massacro_di_Shanghai" title="Massacro di Shanghai">un'ondata di terrore e assassinii politici</a>, da cui Zhou si salvò fuggendo dalla città. Una versione differente della storia vuole che Zhou fosse stato catturato e poi rilasciato, su ordine diretto di Chiang Kai-shek, per ricambiare il favore che Zhou gli aveva fatto una volta, salvandolo a Canton da estremisti di sinistra. </p><p>Zhou riuscì così a riparare nella base sovietica rurale che si stava formando nella provincia del <a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a>, dove nei seguenti e turbolenti anni divenne un importante leader comunista. Mantenne la sua posizione sia durante la dirigenza dei <a href="/wiki/28_bolscevichi" title="28 bolscevichi">28 bolscevichi</a> (un gruppo alle dirette dipendenze delle istruzioni del Comintern) sia durante la dirigenza di <a href="/wiki/Li_Lisan" title="Li Lisan">Li Lisan</a>. Dopo la definitiva sconfitta seguita alla quinta battaglia di accerchiamento del Kuomintang, nel gennaio 1935, durante la tempestosa conferenza di <a href="/wiki/Zunyi" title="Zunyi">Zunyi</a>, appoggiò la nuova linea politica proposta da <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>, consentendogli da quel momento in poi di dominare il partito comunista e di decidere la direzione che avrebbe dovuto intraprendere la <a href="/wiki/Lunga_marcia" title="Lunga marcia">Lunga marcia</a>: non più solo sfuggire al Kuomintang, ma puntare a nord per liberare la Cina dall'aggressione giapponese. </p><p>Negli anni passati nella <i>capitale rossa</i> <a href="/wiki/Yan%27an" title="Yan'an">Yan'an</a> Zhou fu attivo nel promuovere un fronte unito antigiapponese, cosa che comportava un'alleanza con il Kuomintang, come caldeggiato da <a href="/wiki/Iosif_Stalin" title="Iosif Stalin">Stalin</a>. Ne conseguì un suo ruolo di primo piano nell'<a href="/wiki/Incidente_di_Xi%27an" title="Incidente di Xi'an">incidente di Xi'an</a>, quando dei generali ribelli del Kuomintang catturarono Chiang Kai-shek e lo consegnarono ai comunisti, negoziando il suo rilascio e una rinnovata alleanza tra il Partito Comunista Cinese e il Kuomintang stesso. Zhou passò gli anni della <a href="/wiki/Seconda_guerra_sino-giapponese" title="Seconda guerra sino-giapponese">seconda guerra sino-giapponese</a> come ambasciatore comunista presso il governo di Chiang a <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> e prese parte ai negoziati che seguirono la <a href="/wiki/Seconda_guerra_mondiale" title="Seconda guerra mondiale">seconda guerra mondiale</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Al_governo_della_Cina">Al governo della Cina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Al governo della Cina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Al governo della Cina"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel 1949, con la fondazione della <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">Repubblica Popolare Cinese</a>, Zhou diventò ministro degli esteri e capo del governo. Guidò la delegazione cinese alla <a href="/wiki/Conferenza_di_Ginevra_(1954)" title="Conferenza di Ginevra (1954)">Conferenza di Ginevra (1954)</a> e nel 1955 alla <a href="/wiki/Conferenza_di_Bandung" title="Conferenza di Bandung">Conferenza di Bandung</a>. In quell'occasione fu bersaglio di un attentato organizzato dai servizi segreti statunitensi. Ma il ministro, probabilmente avvertito, non prese posto sull'aeroplano, che fu distrutto da una bomba a orologeria. Nel 1958 si dimise da ministro degli esteri passando la carica a <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(politico)" title="Chen Yi (politico)">Chen Yi</a>. Nel dopoguerra il suo interesse principale fu di promuovere lo sviluppo economico, sia con l'aumento della produzione agricola sia con lo sviluppo dell'industria pesante nazionale. </p><p>Zhou riuscì, grazie alla sua popolarità e al suo senso pratico, a mantenere la sua posizione anche dopo il <a href="/wiki/Grande_balzo_in_avanti" title="Grande balzo in avanti">grande balzo in avanti</a> del 1958, rivelatosi un tale fallimento che persino Mao Zedong fu estromesso dalla gestione reale del Paese, pur mantenendo la carica di capo di Stato. Durante la <a href="/wiki/Rivoluzione_culturale" title="Rivoluzione culturale">rivoluzione culturale</a> riuscì a impedire alle <a href="/wiki/Guardie_Rosse_(Rivoluzione_Culturale)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardie Rosse (Rivoluzione Culturale)">Guardie Rosse</a> il saccheggio del ministero degli esteri, la distruzione del <a href="/wiki/Citt%C3%A0_Proibita" title="Città Proibita">palazzo imperiale</a> di Pechino e del <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_del_Potala" title="Palazzo del Potala">palazzo del Potala</a> di <a href="/wiki/Lhasa" title="Lhasa">Lhasa</a>, oltre che di numerosi altri siti archeologici e storici. </p><p>Abilissimo diplomatico, Zhou fu responsabile, durante la <a href="/wiki/Guerra_del_Vietnam" title="Guerra del Vietnam">guerra del Vietnam</a>, del ristabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche con gli <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d'America">Stati Uniti d'America</a>. Nel febbraio del 1972 organizzò l'accoglienza del presidente statunitense <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> in Cina e co-firmò il <a href="/wiki/Comunicato_di_Shanghai" title="Comunicato di Shanghai">comunicato di Shanghai</a>. Allorché apprese di essere malato di tumore, affidò molte delle sue responsabilità a <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Morte">Morte</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Morte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Morte"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zhou fu ricoverato in ospedale nel 1974 e morì l'8 gennaio 1976, pochi mesi prima di <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Frasi_celebri_attribuitegli">Frasi celebri attribuitegli</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Frasi celebri attribuitegli" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Frasi celebri attribuitegli"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>«La <a href="/wiki/Rivoluzione_francese" title="Rivoluzione francese">rivoluzione francese</a>? Troppo presto per formulare un giudizio!»</li> <li>«Dormono nello stesso letto, ma non fanno gli stessi sogni», parlando della prima distensione tra USA e URSS.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a> (2º), <a href="/wiki/Guo_Moruo" class="mw-redirect" title="Guo Moruo">Guo Moruo</a> (3º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Yanpei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Yanpei (la pagina non esiste)">Huang Yanpei</a> (4º) e <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (5º).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">I <abbr title="Assemblea Nazionale del Popolo">ASN</abbr>: <a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a> (2º), <a href="/wiki/Peng_Dehuai" title="Peng Dehuai">Peng Dehuai</a> (3º), <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (4º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deng_Zihui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deng Zihui (la pagina non esiste)">Deng Zihui</a> (5º), <a href="/wiki/He_Long" title="He Long">He Long</a> (6º), <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi" class="mw-disambig" title="Chen Yi">Chen Yi</a> (7º), <a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a> (8º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Fuchun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Fuchun (la pagina non esiste)">Li Fuchun</a> (9º) e <a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a> (10º)<br />II ASN: <a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a> (2º), <a href="/wiki/Peng_Dehuai" title="Peng Dehuai">Peng Dehuai</a> (3º), <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (4º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deng_Zihui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deng Zihui (la pagina non esiste)">Deng Zihui</a> (5º), <a href="/wiki/He_Long" title="He Long">He Long</a> (6º), <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi" class="mw-disambig" title="Chen Yi">Chen Yi</a> (7º), <a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a> (8º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Fuchun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Fuchun (la pagina non esiste)">Li Fuchun</a> (9º) e <a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a> (10º), <a href="/wiki/Nie_Rongzhen" title="Nie Rongzhen">Nie Rongzhen</a> (11º), <a href="/wiki/Bo_Yibo" title="Bo Yibo">Bo Yibo</a> (12º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tan_Zhenlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tan Zhenlin (la pagina non esiste)">Tan Zhenlin</a> (13º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu_Dingyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu Dingyi (la pagina non esiste)">Lu Dingyi</a> (14º), <a href="/wiki/Luo_Ruiqing" title="Luo Ruiqing">Luo Ruiqing</a> (15º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi_Zhongxun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xi Zhongxun (la pagina non esiste)">Xi Zhongxun</a> (16º)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">III ANP: <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a> (2º), <a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (3º), <a href="/wiki/He_Long" title="He Long">He Long</a> (4º), <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi" class="mw-disambig" title="Chen Yi">Chen Yi</a> (5º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ke_Qingshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ke Qingshi (la pagina non esiste)">Ke Qingshi</a> (6º), <a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a> (7º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Fuchun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Fuchun (la pagina non esiste)">Li Fuchun</a> (8º), <a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a> (9º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tan_Zhenlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tan Zhenlin (la pagina non esiste)">Tan Zhenlin</a> (10º), <a href="/wiki/Nie_Rongzhen" title="Nie Rongzhen">Nie Rongzhen</a> (11º), <a href="/wiki/Bo_Yibo" title="Bo Yibo">Bo Yibo</a> (12º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu_Dingyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu Dingyi (la pagina non esiste)">Lu Dingyi</a> (13º), <a href="/wiki/Luo_Ruiqing" title="Luo Ruiqing">Luo Ruiqing</a> (14º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tao_Zhu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tao Zhu (la pagina non esiste)">Tao Zhu</a> (15º), <a href="/wiki/Xie_Fuzhi" title="Xie Fuzhi">Xie Fuzhi</a> (16º)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">III ANP (<i>ad interim</i>): <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yun" title="Chen Yun">Chen Yun</a> (2º), <a href="/wiki/He_Long" title="He Long">He Long</a> (3º), <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi" class="mw-disambig" title="Chen Yi">Chen Yi</a> (4º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ke_Qingshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ke Qingshi (la pagina non esiste)">Ke Qingshi</a> (5º), <a href="/wiki/Ulanhu" title="Ulanhu">Ulanhu</a> (6º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Fuchun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Fuchun (la pagina non esiste)">Li Fuchun</a> (7º), <a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a> (8º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tan_Zhenlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tan Zhenlin (la pagina non esiste)">Tan Zhenlin</a> (9º), <a href="/wiki/Nie_Rongzhen" title="Nie Rongzhen">Nie Rongzhen</a> (10º), <a href="/wiki/Bo_Yibo" title="Bo Yibo">Bo Yibo</a> (11º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lu_Dingyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lu Dingyi (la pagina non esiste)">Lu Dingyi</a> (12º), <a href="/wiki/Luo_Ruiqing" title="Luo Ruiqing">Luo Ruiqing</a> (13º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tao_Zhu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tao Zhu (la pagina non esiste)">Tao Zhu</a> (14º) e <a href="/wiki/Xie_Fuzhi" title="Xie Fuzhi">Xie Fuzhi</a> (15º)<br />IV ANP: <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chunqiao" title="Zhang Chunqiao">Zhang Chunqiao</a> (2º), <a href="/wiki/Li_Xiannian" title="Li Xiannian">Li Xiannian</a> (3º), <a href="/wiki/Chen_Xilian" title="Chen Xilian">Chen Xilian</a> (4º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ji_Dengkui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ji Dengkui (la pagina non esiste)">Ji Dengkui</a> (5º), <a href="/wiki/Hua_Guofeng" title="Hua Guofeng">Hua Guofeng</a> (6º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Yonggui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Yonggui (la pagina non esiste)">Chen Yonggui</a> (7º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Guixian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu Guixian (la pagina non esiste)">Wu Guixian</a> (8º), <a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhen" title="Wang Zhen">Wang Zhen</a> (9º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yu_Qiuli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yu Qiuli (la pagina non esiste)">Yu Qiuli</a> (10º), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gu_Mu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gu Mu (la pagina non esiste)">Gu Mu</a> (11º) e <a href="/wiki/Sun_Jian" title="Sun Jian">Sun Jian</a> (12º)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-notanomezh-5"><a href="#cite_ref-notanomezh_5-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Nell'<a href="/wiki/Onomastica_cinese" title="Onomastica cinese">onomastica cinese</a> il cognome precede il nome. "Zhou" è il cognome.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Il Corriere della Sera, 3 febbraio 2006, pag. 1, <i>Il Muro Anti-Iran con tante crepe</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" class="extiw" title="q:Zhou Enlai">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Zhou Enlai"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zhou_Enlai?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni di o su <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" class="extiw" title="q:Zhou Enlai">Zhou Enlai</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zhou_Enlai?uselang=it">Zhou Enlai</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Enlai&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/zhou-enlai"><span style="font-style:italic;">Zhou Enlai</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_Italiana_1948" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Giuliano Bertuccioli, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/chou-en-lai_res-751b354f-87e5-11dc-8e9d-0016357eee51_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">CHOU EN-LAI</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, II Appendice, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1948.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_Italiana_1978" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Lionello Lanciotti, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/chou-en-lai_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">CHOU EN-LAI</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, IV Appendice, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1978.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDizionario_di_storia" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/zhou-enlai_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Zhou Enlai</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Dizionario di storia</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 2010.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P6404" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Zhou-Enlai"><span style="font-style:italic;">Zhou Enlai</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL158802A"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere di Zhou Enlai</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Open_Library" title="Internet Archive">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P648" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:enlai_zhou_(1898-1976)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere riguardanti Zhou Enlai</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P3847" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/Name?nm0159288"><span style="font-style:italic;">Zhou Enlai</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></span>, IMDb.com.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P345" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr>, <abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.filmportal.de/en/840618be89d74bc3bbe51840cd61fbe7"><span style="font-style:italic;">Zhou Enlai</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">filmportal.de</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17410#P2639" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #efefef; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/Primi_ministri_della_Cina" title="Primi ministri della Cina">Primo ministro del Consiglio di Stato della RPC</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td>carica istituita </td> <td>1949-1976 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hua_Guofeng" title="Hua Guofeng">Hua Guofeng</a> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #efefef; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%">Capo del Dipartimento Centrale per il Fronte Unito del <a href="/wiki/Partito_Comunista_Cinese" title="Partito Comunista Cinese">PCC</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wang_Ming" title="Wang Ming">Wang Ming</a> </td> <td>1947–1948 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Li_Weihan" title="Li Weihan">Li Weihan</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #efefef; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministro_degli_Esteri_della_Repubblica_Popolare_Cinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministro degli Esteri della Repubblica Popolare Cinese (la pagina non esiste)">Ministro degli Esteri della Repubblica Popolare Cinese</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th></tr><tr> <td>Nessuno, posizione creata </td> <td>1º ottobre 1949 — maggio 1958 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chen_Yi_(comunista)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chen Yi (comunista)">Chen Yi</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #efefef; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%">Presidente della <a href="/w/index.php?title=Conferenza_Consultiva_Politica_Popolare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conferenza Consultiva Politica Popolare (la pagina non esiste)">Conferenza Consultiva Politica Popolare</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mao_Tse-tung" class="mw-redirect" title="Mao Tse-tung">Mao Tse-tung</a> </td> <td>27 settembre 1954 — 8 gennaio 1976 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #efefef; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%">Vicepresidente del <a href="/wiki/Partito_Comunista_Cinese" title="Partito Comunista Cinese">Partito Comunista Cinese</a><br /><small>Con <a href="/wiki/Kang_Sheng" title="Kang Sheng">Kang Sheng</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Desheng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Desheng (la pagina non esiste)">Li Desheng</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wang_Hongwen" title="Wang Hongwen">Wang Hongwen</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a></small> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a><br /><small>Vacante dal 1970</small> </td> <td>28 agosto 1973 — 8 gennaio 1976 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Xiannan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Xiannan (la pagina non esiste)">Li Xiannan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Dongxin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Dongxin (la pagina non esiste)">Wang Dongxin</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ye_Jianying" title="Ye Jianying">Ye Jianying</a><br /><small>Eletti nel 1977</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/24599625">24599625</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/000000012124394X">0000 0001 2124 394X</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n50042000">n50042000</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118624385">118624385</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX6433172">XX6433172</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX6433172">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118967765">cb118967765</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118967765">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007259738905171">987007259738905171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00317236">00317236</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and 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