CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] }; </script> <link rel='preconnect' href='https://i0.wp.com' > <script>window._wca = window._wca || [];</script>  <title>Cardinal News 250 - Cardinal News</title><link rel="preload" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/presidential_2024.png" as="image" fetchpriority="high" /><link rel="preload" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Election-Coverage-Headline-Image.png" as="image" fetchpriority="high" /><style id="perfmatters-used-css">.fme-file-uploader-popup-body{padding:30px 30px;max-height:450px;overflow-y:auto;}.fme-file-cropper-popup-wrapper{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,.9);z-index:99999;display:none;overflow-y:auto;}.fme-file-cropper-popup{width:60%;margin:50px auto;background:#fff;border-radius:10px;}.fme-file-cropper-popup-header{display:flex;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-o-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:15px;border-bottom:2px solid #e6d3d3;}.fme-file-cropper-popup-header h4{font-weight:bold;font-size:18px;margin:0px;}.fme-file-cropper-popup-close-btn{border:none;background:none;padding:0px;width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:5px;font-size:18px;text-align:center;cursor:pointer;display:flex;display:-webkit-flex;display:-moz-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-o-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.fme-file-cropper-primary-btn{border:none;background:#333;color:#fff;transition:all .4s;border-radius:4px;padding:8px 15px;margin-left:5px;}.fme-file-cropper-primary-btn:hover{background:#444;color:#fff;transition:all .4s;}.fme-file-cropper-popup-body{padding:30px 30px;max-height:450px;overflow-y:auto;}.fme-file-cropper-popup-footer{padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #ccc;}.fme-file-cropper-popup-footer-buttons{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;}.fme-file-cropper-view{width:100%;display:flex;align-items:flex-start;}.fme-file-cropper-view-crop{width:70%;}.fme-file-cropper-view-preview{width:30%;text-align:center;}@media only screen and (max-width: 1400px){.fme-file-cropper-popup{width:75%;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 1200px){.fme-file-cropper-popup{width:85%;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 1000px){.fme-file-cropper-popup{width:95%;}.fme-file-cropper-view{flex-direction:column;}.fme-file-cropper-view-crop{width:100%;}.fme-file-cropper-view-preview{width:50%;text-align:center;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 600px){.fme-file-cropper-view{flex-direction:column;}.fme-file-cropper-view-preview{width:250px;text-align:center;}}@keyframes progressAnimationStrike{from{width:0;}to{width:100%;}}@keyframes progressAnimation{0%{width:0%;background-color:#f9bcca;}100%{width:100%;background-color:#ef476f;}}@keyframes colorAnimation{0%{background-image:linear-gradient(to right,#355070,#6d597a,#b56576,#e56b6f,#eaac8b,#ff2d55);}20%{background-image:linear-gradient(to right,#6d597a,#b56576,#e56b6f,#eaac8b,#ff2d55,#355070);}40%{background-image:linear-gradient(to right,#b56576,#e56b6f,#eaac8b,#ff2d55,#355070,#6d597a);}60%{background-image:linear-gradient(to right,#e56b6f,#eaac8b,#ff2d55,#355070,#6d597a,#b56576);}100%{background-image:linear-gradient(to right,#eaac8b,#ff2d55,#355070,#6d597a,#b56576,#e56b6f);}}:root{--everlit-grey:#cbd5e1;--everlit-cyan:#5eead4;--light-purple:#8268d9;--dark-purple:#4e2eb8;}@keyframes pulse{0%{transform:scale(1);}50%{transform:scale(1.08);}100%{transform:scale(1);}}@keyframes wiggle{0%{transform:rotate(-40deg);}100%{transform:rotate(40deg);}}@keyframes progressAnimation{0%{background-position:100% 0;}100%{background-position:0 100%;}}@keyframes pulse{0%{box-shadow:0 0 10px #0094e1;}100%{box-shadow:0 0 20px #007cba;}}@keyframes ellipsis{0%{content:".";}33%{content:"..";}66%{content:"...";}100%{content:".";}}#page{overflow:initial !important;}:root{--newspack-listings--background:#fff;--newspack-listings--background-screen:#f1f1f1;--newspack-listings--primary:#36f;--newspack-listings--secondary:#555;--newspack-listings--grey-dark:#1e1e1e;--newspack-listings--grey-medium:#757575;--newspack-listings--grey-light:#ddd;--newspack-listings--border:#ccc;--newspack-listings--border-dark:rgba(0,0,0,.124);--newspack-listings--border-light:hsla(0,0%,100%,.124);--newspack-listings--text-main:#111;--newspack-listings--text-light:#767676;}:root{--newspack-listings--background:#fff;--newspack-listings--background-screen:#f1f1f1;--newspack-listings--primary:#36f;--newspack-listings--secondary:#555;--newspack-listings--grey-dark:#1e1e1e;--newspack-listings--grey-medium:#757575;--newspack-listings--grey-light:#ddd;--newspack-listings--border:#ccc;--newspack-listings--border-dark:rgba(0,0,0,.124);--newspack-listings--border-light:hsla(0,0%,100%,.124);--newspack-listings--text-main:#111;--newspack-listings--text-light:#767676;}a[class*="clear-single-random-date"]{font-weight:bolder;border:1px solid white;cursor:pointer;color:white;border-radius:20px;padding:0px 6px;margin-left:10px;}:root{--pmk-c-black:#000;--pmk-c-white:#fff;--pmk-c-grey-darker:#111;--pmk-c-sapphire:#041133;--pmk-c-ghost-white:#f8f9ff;--pmk-c-light-salmon:#fc9e7f;--pmk-c-light-slate-blue:#6785ff;--pmk-c-pattens-blue:#ebf0f7;--pmk-c-comet:#626679;--pmk-box-shadow:0 2px 31px rgba(0,0,0,.097);--pmk-border-radius:.625rem;--pmk-font-weight-thin:100;--pmk-font-weight-extra-light:200;--pmk-font-weight-light:300;--pmk-font-weight-normal:400;--pmk-font-weight-medium:500;--pmk-font-weight-semi-bold:600;--pmk-font-weight-bold:700;--pmk-font-weight-extra-bold:800;--pmk-font-weight-black:900;--pmk-xxs-font-size:.875rem;--pmk-xxs-line-height:1rem;--pmk-xs-font-size:1rem;--pmk-xs-line-height:1.625rem;--pmk-s-font-size:1.25rem;--pmk-s-line-height:1.5rem;--pmk-sm-font-size:1.375rem;--pmk-sm-line-height:2rem;--pmk-m-font-size:1.5rem;--pmk-m-line-height:1.75rem;--pmk-l-font-size:2.1875rem;--pmk-l-line-height:2.5625rem;--pmk-xl-font-size:3.125rem;--pmk-xl-line-height:3.625rem;--pmk-spacing-1:.0625rem;--pmk-spacing-4:.25rem;--pmk-spacing-6:.375rem;--pmk-spacing-8:.5rem;--pmk-spacing-10:.625rem;--pmk-spacing-12:.75rem;--pmk-spacing-16:1rem;--pmk-spacing-20:1.25rem;--pmk-spacing-24:1.5rem;--pmk-spacing-28:1.75rem;--pmk-spacing-30:1.875rem;--pmk-spacing-36:2.25rem;--pmk-spacing-40:2.5rem;--pmk-spacing-54:3.375rem;--pmk-spacing-56:3.5rem;--pmk-spacing-60:3.75rem;--pmk-spacing-65:4.0625rem;--pmk-spacing-70:4.375rem;--pmk-spacing-80:5rem;--pmk-spacing-100:6.25rem;--pmk-max-width:78.75rem;}.editor-styles-wrapper,:root{--pmk-global-color-primary:var(--global--color-primary,var(--pmk-c-grey-darker));--pmk-global-color-secondary:var(--global--color-secondary,var(--pmk-c-comet));--pmk-global-color-accent:var(--global--color-gray,var(--pmk-c-light-slate-blue));--pmk-global-color-accent-secondary:var(--global--color-gray,var(--pmk-c-light-salmon));--pmk-global-color-background:var(--global--color-background,var(--pmk-c-white));--pmk-global-color-background-focus:var(--global--color-secondary,var(--pmk-c-ghost-white));--pmk-global-color-border:var(--global--color-border,var(--pmk-c-pattens-blue));--pmk-global-color-text-on-background:var(--global--color-white,var(--pmk-c-sapphire));--pmk-global-color-text-on-background-secondary:var(--global--color-light-gray,var(--pmk-global-color-secondary));--pmk-alignwide-width:var(--responsive--alignwide-width,100%);--pmk-color-button-primary-background:var(--pmk-c-light-slate-blue);--pmk-color-button-primary-text:var(--pmk-c-white);--pmk-color-button-primary-background-hover:var(--pmk-c-sapphire);--pmk-color-button-primary-text-hover:var(--pmk-c-white);--pmk-global-max-width:var(--responsive--alignwide-width,var(--pmk-max-width));--pmk-spacing-components:var(--pmk-spacing-70);--pmk-spacing-related:var(--pmk-spacing-30);--pmk-spacing-internal-xsmall:var(--pmk-spacing-8);--pmk-spacing-internal-small:var(--pmk-spacing-12);--pmk-spacing-internal-medium:var(--pmk-spacing-20);--pmk-spacing-internal-large:var(--pmk-spacing-30);--pmk-spacing-internal-xlarge:var(--pmk-spacing-56);--pmk-heading-1-font-size:var(--pmk-xl-font-size);--pmk-heading-1-line-height:var(--pmk-xl-line-height);--pmk-heading-2-font-size:var(--pmk-l-font-size);--pmk-heading-2-line-height:var(--pmk-l-line-height);--pmk-heading-3-font-size:var(--pmk-m-font-size);--pmk-heading-3-line-height:var(--pmk-m-line-height);--pmk-heading-4-font-size:var(--pmk-sm-font-size);--pmk-heading-4-line-height:var(--pmk-sm-line-height);--pmk-heading-5-font-size:var(--pmk-s-font-size);--pmk-heading-5-line-height:var(--pmk-s-line-height);--pmk-heading-6-font-size:var(--pmk-xs-font-size);--pmk-heading-6-line-height:var(--pmk-xs-line-height);--pmk-text-smaller-font-size:var(--pmk-xxs-font-size);--pmk-text-smaller-line-height:var(--pmk-xxs-line-height);--pmk-text-small-font-size:var(--pmk-xs-font-size);--pmk-text-small-line-height:var(--pmk-xs-line-height);--pmk-text-base-font-size:var(--pmk-sm-font-size);--pmk-text-base-line-height:var(--pmk-sm-line-height);--pmk-text-large-font-size:var(--pmk-m-font-size);--pmk-text-large-line-height:var(--pmk-m-line-height);}body:not(.wp-admin) div.wp-block-group.pmk-tabs-table .tabs-header{margin-bottom:var(--pmk-spacing-internal-medium);}@media (min-width:600px){body:not(.wp-admin) div.wp-block-group.pmk-tabs-table .tabs-header{display:flex;margin-bottom:var(--pmk-spacing-internal-xlarge);}}body:not(.wp-admin) div.wp-block-group.pmk-tabs-table .tab-title{border:0;margin-bottom:0;}body:not(.wp-admin) div.wp-block-group.pmk-tabs-table .tab-title:after{background-color:var(--pmk-global-color-border);content:"";display:block;height:50%;position:absolute;right:calc(var(--pmk-spacing-internal-medium) * -1);top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);width:1px;}body:not(.wp-admin) div.wp-block-group.pmk-tabs-table .tab-content{padding:0;}div.wp-block-group.pmk-tabs-table .tab-content tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background-color:var(--pmk-global-color-background-focus);color:var(--pmk-global-color-text-on-background);}div.wp-block-group.pmk-tabs-table .tab-content tbody td{border-right:1px solid var(--pmk-global-color-border);}div.wp-block-group.pmk-tabs-table .tab-content tbody td:last-of-type{border:0;}body .extendedwopts-show{display:none;}body .widgetopts-hide_title .widget-title{display:none;}body .extendedwopts-md-right{text-align:right;}body .extendedwopts-md-left{text-align:left;}body .extendedwopts-md-center{text-align:center;}body .extendedwopts-md-justify{text-align:justify;}@media screen and (min-width: 1181px){body .extendedwopts-hide.extendedwopts-desktop{display:none !important;}body .extendedwopts-show.extendedwopts-desktop{display:block;}body .widget.clearfix-desktop{clear:both;float:none !important;}}@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) and (orientation: Portrait){body .extendedwopts-hide.extendedwopts-tablet{display:none !important;}body .extendedwopts-show.extendedwopts-tablet{display:block;}body .widget.clearfix-desktop{clear:none;}body .widget.clearfix-tablet{clear:both;float:none !important;}}@media screen and (max-width: 1180px) and (orientation: landscape){body .extendedwopts-hide.extendedwopts-tablet{display:none !important;}body .extendedwopts-show.extendedwopts-tablet{display:block;}body .widget.clearfix-desktop{clear:none;}body .widget.clearfix-tablet{clear:both;float:none !important;}}@media screen and (max-width: 767px) and (orientation: Portrait){body .extendedwopts-hide.extendedwopts-tablet:not(.extendedwopts-mobile){display:block !important;}body .extendedwopts-show.extendedwopts-tablet:not(.extendedwopts-mobile){display:none !important;}body .extendedwopts-hide.extendedwopts-mobile{display:none !important;}body .extendedwopts-show.extendedwopts-mobile{display:block;}body .widget.clearfix-desktop,body .widget.clearfix-tablet{clear:none;}body .widget.clearfix-mobile{clear:both;float:none !important;}}@media screen and (max-width: 991px) and (orientation: landscape){body .extendedwopts-hide.extendedwopts-tablet:not(.extendedwopts-mobile){display:block !important;}body .extendedwopts-show.extendedwopts-tablet:not(.extendedwopts-mobile){display:none !important;}body .extendedwopts-hide.extendedwopts-mobile{display:none !important;}body .extendedwopts-show.extendedwopts-mobile{display:block;}body .widget.clearfix-desktop,body .widget.clearfix-tablet{clear:none;}body .widget.clearfix-mobile{clear:both;float:none !important;}}</style> <link rel="canonical" href="https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Cardinal News 250" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Cardinal News has embarked on a three-year project to tell the little-known stories of Virginia’s role in the march to independence in advance of the nation’s observation of its 250th anniversary, or semiquincentennial. “Cardinal News 250: Virginia’s Stories. A Nation’s Birth” began in November 2023 and continues through 2026. The monthly stories will address historical events, […]" /> <meta property="og:url" content="http://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Cardinal News" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/cardinalnewsva/" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-08-29T09:41:52+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-1024x119.png" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@cardinalnewsva" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="2 minutes" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="Antonio Martin" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/"},"author":[{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#/schema/person/f122484fb015fa79a226cefcd3389565"}],"headline":"Cardinal News 250","datePublished":"2024-08-16T22:47:29+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-29T09:41:52+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/"},"wordCount":240,"publisher":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-1024x119.png","inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/","url":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/","name":"Cardinal News 250 - Cardinal News","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-1024x119.png","datePublished":"2024-08-16T22:47:29+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-29T09:41:52+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/#primaryimage","url":"https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250.png","contentUrl":"https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250.png","width":1517,"height":177},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://cardinalnews.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Cardinal News 250"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#website","url":"https://cardinalnews.org/","name":"Cardinal News","description":"Serving Southwest and Southside Virginia","publisher":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://cardinalnews.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#organization","name":"Cardinal News","url":"https://cardinalnews.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/CardinalNews_icon-500-×-500-px.png","contentUrl":"https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/CardinalNews_icon-500-×-500-px.png","width":500,"height":500,"caption":"Cardinal News"},"image":{"@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/cardinalnewsva/","https://x.com/cardinalnewsva","https://www.instagram.com/cardinalnewsva/"],"email":"news@cardinalnews.org"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#/schema/person/f122484fb015fa79a226cefcd3389565","name":"Antonio Martin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://cardinalnews.org/#/schema/person/image/c95adc3c115a7a5557d841267694230f","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d2f5d20182316fb31b8170178196dbee?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d2f5d20182316fb31b8170178196dbee?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Antonio Martin"},"url":"https://cardinalnews.org/author/antonio/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//flux.broadstreet.ai' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.broadstreetads.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn.parsely.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Cardinal News » Feed" href="https://cardinalnews.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Cardinal News » Comments Feed" href="https://cardinalnews.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="stylesheet" id="embed-pdf-viewer-css" media="screen" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/embed-pdf-viewer/css/embed-pdf-viewer.css?ver=2.4.6"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="wc-blocks-integration-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-subscriptions/vendor/woocommerce/subscriptions-core/build/index.css?ver=7.7.1"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="wc-stripe-blocks-checkout-style-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-gateway-stripe/build/upe_blocks.css?ver=03c51a0b4383fed0917831f3ea9aefda"></link> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css'>.wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:#ffffffa6}:root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme :root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-right){border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-center){border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote:where(.is-style-plain){border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}:root :where(.wp-block-template-part.has-background){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="activecampaign-form-block-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/activecampaign-subscription-forms/activecampaign-form-block/build/style-index.css?ver=1712340992"></link> <style id='co-authors-plus-coauthors-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow [class*=wp-block-co-authors-plus]{display:inline}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-avatar-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-image-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignfull,.alignwide) :where(img){width:100%}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto}</style> <style id='tropicalista-pdfembed-style-inline-css'>.wp-block-tropicalista-pdfembed{height:500px;min-height:500px}</style> <style id='wp-parsely-recommendations-style-inline-css'>.parsely-recommendations-list-title{font-size:1.2em}.parsely-recommendations-list{list-style:none;padding:unset}.parsely-recommendations-cardbody{overflow:hidden;padding:.8em;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.parsely-recommendations-cardmedia{padding:.8em .8em 0}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.7' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'>.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="everlit-block-editor-styles-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/everlit/everlit-block-editor-styles.css?ver=1732052987"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="everlit-editor-style-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/everlit/everlit-sidebar.css?ver=1732052987"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="govpack-block-styles-css" media="screen" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/govpack/build/frontend.css?ver=1"></link> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'>.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}</style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'>:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #FFFFFF;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--primary: #b72020;--wp--preset--color--primary-variation: #8f0000;--wp--preset--color--secondary: #294a6b;--wp--preset--color--secondary-variation: #012243;--wp--preset--color--dark-gray: #111111;--wp--preset--color--medium-gray: #767676;--wp--preset--color--light-gray: #EEEEEE;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--grad-1: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 183,32,32) 0%,rgb( 143,0,0) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-2: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 41,74,107) 0%,rgb( 1,34,67) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-3: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 17,17,17 ) 0%,rgb( 85,85,85 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-4: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 68,68,68 ) 0%,rgb( 136,136,136 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-5: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 119,119,119 ) 0%,rgb( 221,221,221 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-6: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 221,221,221 ) 0%,rgb( 255,255,255 ) 100% );--wp--preset--font-size--small: 16px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-size--normal: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge: 44px;--wp--preset--font-family--inter: "Inter",sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--cardo: Cardo;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*,div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*,div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="newspack-ads-media-kit-frontend-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/dist/media-kit-frontend.css?ver=1728672217"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="newspack-ads-frontend-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/includes/../dist/frontend.css?ver=1728672217"></link> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-block-styles-stylesheet-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/block_styles.css?ver=4.3.6' media='all' /> <link rel="stylesheet" id="newspack-listings-curated-list-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-listings/dist/curated-list.css?ver=3.2.0"></link> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-newsletters-subscriptions-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-newsletters/includes/../dist/subscriptions.css?ver=1731351496' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-reader-auth-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-auth.css?ver=5.7.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-reader-registration-block-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-registration-block.css?ver=5.7.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-popups-view-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/view.css?ver=1731514538' media='all' /> <link rel="stylesheet" id="widgetopts-styles-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/widget-options/assets/css/widget-options.css?ver=4.0.7"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="metorik-css-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/metorik-helper/assets/css/metorik.css?ver=2.0.8"></link> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-style-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/style.css?ver=2.2.0' media='all' /> <style id='newspack-style-inline-css'>.tags-links{clip: rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);height: 1px;position: absolute;overflow: hidden;width: 1px;}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-print-style-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/styles/print.css?ver=2.2.0' media='print' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-font-import-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/cache/perfmatters/cardinalnews.org/fonts/52092d4c770a.google-fonts.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-sponsors-style-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/styles/newspack-sponsors.css?ver=2.2.0' media='all' /> <link rel="stylesheet" id="woocommerce-nyp-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-name-your-price/assets/css/frontend/name-your-price.min.css?ver=3.5.13"></link> <link rel='stylesheet' id='sharedaddy-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/sharedaddy/sharing.css?ver=14.1-a.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='social-logos-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/social-logos/social-logos.min.css?ver=14.1-a.3' media='all' /> <script id="woocommerce-google-analytics-integration-gtag-js-after" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> /* Google Analytics for WooCommerce (gtag.js) */ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} // Set up default consent state. for ( const mode of [{"analytics_storage":"denied","ad_storage":"denied","ad_user_data":"denied","ad_personalization":"denied","region":["AT","BE","BG","HR","CY","CZ","DK","EE","FI","FR","DE","GR","HU","IS","IE","IT","LV","LI","LT","LU","MT","NL","NO","PL","PT","RO","SK","SI","ES","SE","GB","CH"]}] || [] ) { gtag( "consent", "default", { "wait_for_update": 500, ...mode } ); } gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dOGY3NW", true); gtag("config", "G-KCB5NHNYJP", {"track_404":false,"allow_google_signals":true,"logged_in":false,"linker":{"domains":["checkout.stripe.com"," stripe.com"," cardinalpress.org"],"allow_incoming":true},"custom_map":{"dimension1":"logged_in"}}); </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script src="//flux.broadstreet.ai/emit/9266.js?ver=1.0.0" id="broadstreet-analytics-js" async data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" src="//cdn.broadstreetads.com/init-2.min.js?v=1.50.1&ver=6.7" id="broadstreet-init-js" defer></script> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LfFPz4nAAAAAPUIZ7SY8xMnf5sHhZRpovvTXoLK" id="newspack-recaptcha-api-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script src="https://stats.wp.com/s-202447.js" id="woocommerce-analytics-js" defer data-wp-strategy="defer" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="wpm-js-extra"> var wpm = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","root":"https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/wp-json\/","nonce_wp_rest":"b9ca4126be","nonce_ajax":"d395580ead"}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-google-adwords-conversion-tracking-tag/js/public/wpm-public.p1.min.js?ver=1.45.0" id="wpm-js" defer></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/97617" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://cardinalnews.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://cardinalnews.org/?p=97617' />  <style id="custom-logo-css">.site-title{position: absolute;clip: rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}</style> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcardinalnews.org%2Fcardinal-news-250-2%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcardinalnews.org%2Fcardinal-news-250-2%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=6474056180"> <meta name="google-play-app" content="app-id=com.cardinalnews.digestapp"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/digestbuilder-wordpress-plugin/smart-app-banner/smart-app-banner.css"></link> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://digestbuilder-static.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/08d3d2be6dd9b767dc61af48c75d50b878b9a7804f47b3b48db304964a56a67e.png"> <link rel="android-touch-icon" href="https://digestbuilder-static.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/08d3d2be6dd9b767dc61af48c75d50b878b9a7804f47b3b48db304964a56a67e.png" /> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/digestbuilder-wordpress-plugin/smart-app-banner/smart-app-banner.js" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript"> new SmartBanner({ daysHidden: 0, // days to hide banner after close button is clicked (defaults to 15) daysReminder: 0, // days to hide banner after "VIEW" button is clicked (defaults to 90) appStoreLanguage: 'us', // language code for the App Store (defaults to user's browser language) title: 'Cardinal News', author: 'Cardinal News', button: 'VIEW', store: { ios: 'On the App Store', android: 'In Google Play' }, price: { ios: 'FREE', android: 'FREE' } // , theme: 'android' // put platform type ('ios', 'android', etc.) here to force single theme on all device // , icon: '' // full path to icon image if not using website icon image // , force: 'android' // Uncomment for platform emulation }); </script> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.140.0" /> <script data-amp-plus-allowed> if ('serviceWorker' in navigator && navigator.serviceWorker.controller) { navigator.serviceWorker.controller.postMessage('newspack-reset-request-count'); navigator.serviceWorker.controller.postMessage('newspack-nonce-5023b26aee'); navigator.serviceWorker.controller.postMessage('newspack-version-1'); } </script> <style>.jetpack-instant-search__widget-area{display: block !important;}</style> <script async src="https://dash.sparkloop.app/widget/MF825cd688a7/embed.js" data-sparkloop></script> <link rel="manifest" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-json/wp/v2/web-app-manifest"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#fff"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <link rel="apple-touch-startup-image" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/cropped-CardinalNews_icon-500-×-500-px-192x192.png"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Cardinal News"> <meta name="application-name" content="Cardinal News"> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"Cardinal News 250","url":"http:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/cardinal-news-250-2\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/cardinal-news-250-2\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":""},"articleSection":"Uncategorized","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Antonio Martin"}],"creator":["Antonio Martin"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Cardinal News","logo":"https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Cardinal-News-sm.png"},"keywords":[],"dateCreated":"2024-08-16T22:47:29Z","datePublished":"2024-08-16T22:47:29Z","dateModified":"2024-08-29T09:41:52Z"}</script> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-colors">:root{--newspack-theme-color-primary: #b72020;--newspack-theme-color-primary-variation: #990202;--newspack-theme-color-secondary: #294a6b !important;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation: #012243;--newspack-theme-color-primary-darken-5: #b21b1b;--newspack-theme-color-primary-darken-10: #ad1616;--newspack-theme-color-primary-against-white: #b72020;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-against-white: #294a6b;--newspack-theme-color-primary-variation-against-white: #990202;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation-against-white: #012243;--newspack-theme-color-against-primary: white;--newspack-theme-color-against-secondary: white;}input[type="checkbox"]::before{background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' width='24' height='24'%3E%3Cpath d='M16.7 7.1l-6.3 8.5-3.3-2.5-.9 1.2 4.5 3.4L17.9 8z' fill='white'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/svg%3E");}.site-footer{background: #294a6b;}.site-footer,.site-footer a,.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer .widget-title,.site-footer .widgettitle,.site-info{color: white;}.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer .widget a:hover{opacity: 0.7;}.site-info .widget-area .wrapper,.site-info .site-info-contain:first-child{border-top-color: #153657;}.mobile-sidebar .nav3 a{background: transparent;}.mobile-sidebar .accent-header,.mobile-sidebar .article-section-title{border-color: #1f52eb;color: white;}.site-footer .footer-branding .wrapper,.site-footer .footer-widgets:first-child .wrapper{border-top: 0;}.site-footer .accent-header,.site-footer .article-section-title{border-color: #153657;}.site-footer .accent-header,.site-footer .article-section-title{color: white;}.button.mb-cta,.button.mb-cta:not(:hover):visited,.tribe_community_edit .button.mb-cta{background-color: #294a6b;color: white;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="newspack-theme-colors-variables">:root{--newspack-primary-color: #b72020;--newspack-secondary-color: #294a6b;--newspack-cta-color: #294a6b;--newspack-header-color: #3366ff;--newspack-primary-menu-color:;--newspack-footer-color: #294a6b;--newspack-primary-contrast-color: white;--newspack-secondary-contrast-color: white;--newspack-cta-contrast-color: white;--newspack-header-contrast-color: white;--newspack-primary-menu-contrast-color: white;--newspack-footer-contrast-color: white;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-fonts">:root{--newspack-theme-font-heading: "Cardo","Georgia","serif";}:root{--newspack-theme-font-body: "Cardo","Georgia","serif";}.tags-links span:first-child,.cat-links,.page-title,.highlight-menu .menu-label{text-transform: uppercase;}.accent-header,#secondary .widgettitle,.article-section-title{text-transform: uppercase;}</style> <style>.sponsor-label .flag,amp-script .sponsor-label .flag{background: #FED850;color: black;}</style> <noscript><style>.woocommerce-product-gallery{opacity: 1 !important;}</style></noscript>  <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> window.wpmDataLayer = window.wpmDataLayer || {}; window.wpmDataLayer = Object.assign(window.wpmDataLayer, {"cart":{},"cart_item_keys":{},"version":{"number":"1.45.0","pro":false,"eligible_for_updates":false,"distro":"fms","beta":false,"show":true},"pixels":{"google":{"linker":{"settings":null},"user_id":false,"ads":{"conversion_ids":{"AW-306132601":"y3GWCK-0wrMDEPns_JEB"},"dynamic_remarketing":{"status":true,"id_type":"post_id","send_events_with_parent_ids":true},"google_business_vertical":"retail","phone_conversion_number":"","phone_conversion_label":""},"tcf_support":false,"consent_mode":{"is_active":false,"wait_for_update":500,"ads_data_redaction":false,"url_passthrough":true}},"facebook":{"pixel_id":"1279843795802120","dynamic_remarketing":{"id_type":"post_id"},"capi":false,"advanced_matching":false,"exclusion_patterns":[],"fbevents_js_url":"https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js"}},"shop":{"list_name":"Page | Cardinal News 250","list_id":"page_cardinal-news-250","page_type":"page","currency":"USD","selectors":{"addToCart":[],"beginCheckout":[]},"order_duplication_prevention":true,"view_item_list_trigger":{"test_mode":false,"background_color":"green","opacity":0.5,"repeat":true,"timeout":1000,"threshold":0.8},"variations_output":true,"session_active":false},"page":{"id":97617,"title":"Cardinal News 250","type":"page","categories":[],"parent":{"id":0,"title":"Cardinal News 250","type":"page","categories":[]}},"general":{"user_logged_in":false,"scroll_tracking_thresholds":[],"page_id":97617,"exclude_domains":[],"server_2_server":{"active":false,"ip_exclude_list":[]},"consent_management":{"explicit_consent":false},"lazy_load_pmw":false}}); </script>  <meta name="onesignal" content="wordpress-plugin"/> <script> window.OneSignal = window.OneSignal || []; OneSignal.push( function() { OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_UPDATER_PATH = 'OneSignalSDKUpdaterWorker.js'; OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_PATH = 'OneSignalSDKWorker.js'; OneSignal.SERVICE_WORKER_PARAM = { scope: '/wp-content/plugins/onesignal-free-web-push-notifications/sdk_files/push/onesignal/' }; OneSignal.setDefaultNotificationUrl("https://cardinalnews.org"); var oneSignal_options = {}; window._oneSignalInitOptions = oneSignal_options; oneSignal_options['wordpress'] = true; oneSignal_options['appId'] = '09453de1-5e4c-4b96-b9de-75e7d7afa4b2'; oneSignal_options['allowLocalhostAsSecureOrigin'] = true; oneSignal_options['welcomeNotification'] = { }; oneSignal_options['welcomeNotification']['disable'] = true; oneSignal_options['path'] = "https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/onesignal-free-web-push-notifications/sdk_files/"; oneSignal_options['promptOptions'] = { }; /* OneSignal: Using custom SDK initialization. */ }); function documentInitOneSignal() { var oneSignal_elements = document.getElementsByClassName("OneSignal-prompt"); var oneSignalLinkClickHandler = function(event) { OneSignal.push(['registerForPushNotifications']); event.preventDefault(); }; for(var i = 0; i < oneSignal_elements.length; i++) oneSignal_elements[i].addEventListener('click', oneSignalLinkClickHandler, false); } if (document.readyState === 'complete') { documentInitOneSignal(); } else { window.addEventListener("load", function(event){ documentInitOneSignal(); }); } </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/vendor/fastclick/pmfastclick.min.js" defer></script><script>"addEventListener"in document&&document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){FastClick.attach(document.body)},!1);</script>  <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> ( function( w, d, s, l, i ) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'} ); var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[0], j = d.createElement( s ), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore( j, f ); } )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-TBLCLBP' ); </script>  <script>function perfmatters_check_cart_fragments(){if(null!==document.getElementById("perfmatters-cart-fragments"))return!1;if(document.cookie.match("(^|;) ?woocommerce_cart_hash=([^;]*)(;|$)")){var e=document.createElement("script");e.id="perfmatters-cart-fragments",e.src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/js/frontend/cart-fragments.min.js",e.async=!0,document.head.appendChild(e)}}perfmatters_check_cart_fragments(),document.addEventListener("click",function(){setTimeout(perfmatters_check_cart_fragments,1e3)});</script><style class='wp-fonts-local'>@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:300 900;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/fonts/Inter-VariableFont_slnt,wght.woff2') format('woff2');font-stretch:normal;}@font-face{font-family:Cardo;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/fonts/cardo_normal_400.woff2') format('woff2');}</style> <link rel="icon" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/cropped-CardinalNews_icon-500-×-500-px-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/cropped-CardinalNews_icon-500-×-500-px-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/cropped-CardinalNews_icon-500-×-500-px-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/cropped-CardinalNews_icon-500-×-500-px-270x270.png" /> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> ( function() { // Load GA script if not yet found if ( 'undefined' === typeof gtag ) { var element = document.createElement( 'script' ); element.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-R4ZH8T1ML2'; element.async = true; document.head.appendChild( element ); window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.gtag = function() { window.dataLayer.push( arguments ) }; gtag( 'js', new Date() ); } gtag( 'config', 'G-R4ZH8T1ML2' ); } )(); </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script', 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '390691409282265'); fbq('track', 'PageView', {"page_title":"Cardinal News 250","user_role":"guest","event_url":"https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/cardinal-news-250-2","post_type":"page","post_id":97617}); </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> !function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments); },s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='https://static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js', a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script'); twq('config','o6qj2'); </script>  <style id="wp-custom-css">div.wpbnbd--frequency-based .thanks,div.wpbnbd--frequency-based .thanks button{display: block;}div.wpbnbd--frequency-based .thanks button{margin: 5px 0 0;}.grecaptcha-badge{visibility: hidden;}.top-header-contain{background: #294a6b;}.site-header .nav1{font-size: 0.8rem;}.site-header .nav3 a{background: #294a6b;color: #fff;border-radius: 3px;font-size: 0.80rem;}.mobile-sidebar .nav3 a{background: #294a6b;color: #000000;border-radius: 3px;font-size: 0.80rem;}.site-header .nav3 li:nth-child(n+2){margin-left: 0.5rem;}.site-header .nav3 li:last-of-type a:not(:hover){background: #294A6B;}.mobile-sidebar .nav3 a{background: #ffd44c;}.mobile-sidebar .nav3 li:last-of-type a:not(:hover){background: #294a6b;}.has-drop-cap:first-letter{color: #b72020;}.desktop-sidebar .widget_nav_menu .menu > li > a,.mobile-sidebar .widget_nav_menu .menu > li > a{font-weight: bold;}.newspack-front-page .entry-content > .wp-block-cover.alignfull:first-child{margin-top: -.5rem;}@media (max-width: 781px){.wp-block-group.alignfull{padding-left: 5%;padding-right: 5%;}.wp-block-column:empty{display: none;}.wp-block-column:empty + .wp-block-column{flex-basis: 100% !important;}}#secondary .textwidget a{color: #b72020;text-decoration: underline;}</style> <noscript><style>.perfmatters-lazy[data-src]{display:none !important;}</style></noscript><style>.perfmatters-lazy-youtube{position:relative;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:0;padding-bottom:56.23%;overflow:hidden}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube img{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;display:block;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:auto;border:none;cursor:pointer;transition:.5s all;-webkit-transition:.5s all;-moz-transition:.5s all}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube img:hover{-webkit-filter:brightness(75%)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube .play{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;right:auto;width:68px;height:48px;margin-left:-34px;margin-top:-24px;background:url(https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/img/youtube.svg) no-repeat;background-position:center;background-size:cover;pointer-events:none;filter:grayscale(1)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube:hover .play{filter:grayscale(0)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:99}.wp-has-aspect-ratio .wp-block-embed__wrapper{position:relative;}.wp-has-aspect-ratio .perfmatters-lazy-youtube{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;padding-bottom:0}</style></head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-97617 wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive theme-newspack-theme jps-theme-newspack-theme singular hide-homepage-title hide-page-title hide-site-tagline h-nsub h-db h-ll h-dh h-stk h-cta has-tertiary-menu has-sidebar af-widget has-summary footer-logo-large tags-hidden" data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable>  <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TBLCLBP" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript>  <broadstreet-zone zone-id="163108" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,is_article_page,cardinal-news-250-2,page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias="billboard-6467c333cd240"></broadstreet-zone> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-lightbox newspack-popup hidden newspack-lightbox-placement-center newspack-lightbox-size-medium " role="button" tabindex="0" id="id_107619" data-segments="3813" data-frequency="0,0,1,day" data-delay="3500" > <div class="newspack-popup-wrapper " data-popup-status="publish" style="background-color:#b72020;color:#fff"> <div class="newspack-popup__content-wrapper" style=""> <div class="newspack-popup__content"> <div class="wp-block-group"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"><h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size" id="h-hey-there">Hey there! </h2> <p>We noticed you've read several of our articles. Worried you might miss the next big story? We've got you covered! A roundup of our daily news stories can be delivered to your inbox every day at 5 a.m. when you sign up for our FREE daily newsletter.</p></div></div><div class="wp-block-newspack-newsletters-subscribe newspack-newsletters-subscribe " data-success-message="Thank you for signing up!" > <form id="newspack-subscribe-1"> <input type="hidden" name="newspack_newsletters_subscribe" value="1" /> <input name="newspack_popup_id" type="hidden" value="107619" /> <input type="hidden" name="lists[]" value="1" /> <div class="newspack-newsletters-email-input"> <input id="newspack-newsletters-subscribe-block-input-32780-email" type="email" name="npe" autocomplete="email" placeholder="Email Address" value="" /> <button class="submit-button"type="submit" style=""> <span class="submit">Sign up</span> </button> </div> </form> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__response"> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__icon"></div> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__message"> </div> </div> </div><p class="has-primary-background-color has-background"></p> </div> <button class="newspack-lightbox__close" aria-label="Close Pop-up"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> <button style="opacity: 0.3;background-color:#000000;" class="newspack-lightbox-overlay"></button> </div> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-lightbox newspack-popup hidden newspack-lightbox-placement-center newspack-lightbox-size-medium " role="button" tabindex="0" id="id_95294" data-segments="3464" data-frequency="0,0,1,day" data-delay="3500" > <div class="newspack-popup-wrapper " data-popup-status="publish" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#000"> <div class="newspack-popup__content-wrapper" style=""> <div class="newspack-popup__content"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-analyzing-election-results"><strong>Analyzing election results</strong></h3><div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="alignleft size-full is-resized"><img data-perfmatters-preload width="1486" height="623" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/presidential_2024.png" alt="Virginia's election map 2024. Courtesy of State Board of Elections." class="wp-image-109637" style="width:293px;height:auto"/></figure></div><p class="has-dark-gray-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b8e20787f0d8208b8b79b07193d4bb85">When a story breaks, you'll read it first. All the latest news delivered to your inbox when published. <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/" data-type="link" data-id="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Check out our other weekly and topic-driven newsletters</span></a>.</p><div class="wp-block-newspack-newsletters-subscribe newspack-newsletters-subscribe " data-success-message="Thank you for signing up! " > <form id="newspack-subscribe-2"> <input type="hidden" name="newspack_newsletters_subscribe" value="1" /> <input name="newspack_popup_id" type="hidden" value="95294" /> <input type="hidden" name="lists[]" value="1" /> <div class="newspack-newsletters-email-input"> <input id="newspack-newsletters-subscribe-block-input-60199-email" type="email" name="npe" autocomplete="email" placeholder="Email Address" value="" /> <button class="submit-button"type="submit" style=""> <span class="submit">Sign me up</span> </button> </div> </form> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__response"> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__icon"></div> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__message"> </div> </div> </div><p><strong><em>Already signed up for newsletters? Enter your email to make this popup disappear.</em></strong></p> </div> <button class="newspack-lightbox__close" aria-label="Close Pop-up"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> <button style="opacity: 0.3;background-color:#000000;" class="newspack-lightbox-overlay"></button> </div> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-lightbox newspack-popup hidden newspack-lightbox-placement-center newspack-lightbox-size-medium " role="button" tabindex="0" id="id_51624" data-segments="3482,3481" data-frequency="0,0,1,week" data-delay="40500" > <div class="newspack-popup-wrapper " data-popup-status="publish" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#000"> <div class="newspack-popup__content-wrapper" style=""> <div class="newspack-popup__content"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-election-updates"><strong>Election updates</strong></h3><div class="wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"><figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img data-perfmatters-preload width="2560" height="1920" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Election-Coverage-Headline-Image.png" alt="Trump and Kamala election coverage headline image" class="wp-image-108153" style="width:177px;height:auto"/></figure> <p class="has-dark-gray-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-882e876463e8361afd81ea60f1a99df2">When a story breaks, you'll read it first. Get all the latest news delivered to your inbox every morning. <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/" data-type="link" data-id="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/">Don't forget to <span style="text-decoration: underline;">check out our other weekly and topic-driven newsletters</span></a>.</p></div><div class="wp-block-newspack-newsletters-subscribe newspack-newsletters-subscribe " data-success-message="Thank you for signing up! " > <form id="newspack-subscribe-3"> <input type="hidden" name="newspack_newsletters_subscribe" value="1" /> <input name="newspack_popup_id" type="hidden" value="51624" /> <input type="hidden" name="lists[]" value="1" /> <div class="newspack-newsletters-email-input"> <input id="newspack-newsletters-subscribe-block-input-46405-email" type="email" name="npe" autocomplete="email" placeholder="Email Address" value="" /> <button class="submit-button"type="submit" style=""> <span class="submit">Sign me up</span> </button> </div> </form> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__response"> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__icon"></div> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__message"> </div> </div> </div><p><strong><em>Already signed up for newsletters? Enter your email to make this popup disappear.</em></strong></p> </div> <button class="newspack-lightbox__close" aria-label="Close Pop-up"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/></svg> </button> </div> </div> <button style="opacity: 0.3;background-color:#000000;" class="newspack-lightbox-overlay"></button> </div> <aside id="mobile-sidebar-fallback" class="mobile-sidebar"> <button class="mobile-menu-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> <nav class="tertiary-menu nav3" aria-label="Tertiary Menu" toolbar-target="tertiary-nav-contain" toolbar="(min-width: 767px)"> <ul id="menu-tertiary-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-103693" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-103693"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li id="menu-item-103938" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-103938"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/">Newsletters</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a class="newspack-reader__account-link" data-labels="{"signedin":"My Account","signedout":"Sign In"}" href="https://cardinalnews.org/my-account/" data-newspack-reader-account-link><span class="newspack-reader__account-link__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.25 16.4371C6.16445 15.2755 5.5 13.7153 5.5 12C5.5 8.41015 8.41015 5.5 12 5.5C15.5899 5.5 18.5 8.41015 18.5 12C18.5 13.7153 17.8356 15.2755 16.75 16.4371V16C16.75 14.4812 15.5188 13.25 14 13.25L10 13.25C8.48122 13.25 7.25 14.4812 7.25 16V16.4371ZM8.75 17.6304C9.70606 18.1835 10.8161 18.5 12 18.5C13.1839 18.5 14.2939 18.1835 15.25 17.6304V16C15.25 15.3096 14.6904 14.75 14 14.75L10 14.75C9.30964 14.75 8.75 15.3096 8.75 16V17.6304ZM4 12C4 7.58172 7.58172 4 12 4C16.4183 4 20 7.58172 20 12C20 16.4183 16.4183 20 12 20C7.58172 20 4 16.4183 4 12ZM14 10C14 11.1046 13.1046 12 12 12C10.8954 12 10 11.1046 10 10C10 8.89543 10.8954 8 12 8C13.1046 8 14 8.89543 14 10Z" /></svg></span><span class="newspack-reader__account-link__label">Sign In</span></a></li></ul> </nav> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://cardinalnews.org/"> <label for="search-form-1"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-1" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> </form> <nav class="main-navigation nav1 dd-menu" aria-label="Top Menu" toolbar-target="site-navigation" toolbar="(min-width: 767px)"> <ul id="menu-primary-menu" class="main-menu"><li id="menu-item-25228" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-25228"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/archive/">Topics</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState25228 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState25228 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState25228: !setState25228 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-25228"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState25228 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1206" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1206"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/politics/">Politics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1207" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1207"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/economy/">Economy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1208" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1208"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/culture/">Culture</a></li> <li id="menu-item-32049" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32049"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/education/">Education</a></li> <li id="menu-item-61762" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-61762"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/health-care/">Health Care</a></li> <li id="menu-item-24161" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-24161"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/weather/">Weather</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1210" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1210"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/opinion/">Opinion</a></li> <li id="menu-item-32050" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32050"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/sports/">Sports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1209" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1209"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/news-briefs/">News Briefs</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-23632" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-23632"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/projects/">Projects</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState23632 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState23632 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState23632: !setState23632 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-23632"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState23632 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-97660" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-97617 current_page_item menu-item-97660"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/" aria-current="page">Cardinal News 250</a></li> <li id="menu-item-58221" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-58221"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/the-cardinal-way-civility-rules/">The Cardinal Way: Civility Rules</a></li> <li id="menu-item-100978" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-100978"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/election-information/">Election Information</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState100978 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState100978 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState100978: !setState100978 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-100978"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState100978 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-108888" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-108888"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/election-2024-live-updates/">Election 2024: Results</a></li> <li id="menu-item-100979" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-100979"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/25/voter-guide-southwest-southside-virginia/">Voter Guide 2024</a></li> <li id="menu-item-105747" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-105747"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/candidate-forums/">Candidate Forums</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-46616" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46616"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/bloody-monday/">Bloody Monday</a></li> <li id="menu-item-29022" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-29022"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/small-modular-nuclear-reactor/">Small Modular Nuclear Reactor</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23910" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23910"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/migration-trends/">Virginia Demographics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-23633" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23633"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/southwest-virginia-flooding/">Southwest Virginia Flooding</a></li> <li id="menu-item-93842" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-93842"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/projects/d-day-in-the-words-of-the-virginians-who-were-there/">D-Day, in the words of the Virginians who were there</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-42062" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-42062"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/election-information/">Election 2024</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState42062 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState42062 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState42062: !setState42062 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-42062"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState42062 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-108886" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-108886"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/election-2024-live-updates/">Election 2024: Results</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85364" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-85364"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/25/voter-guide-southwest-southside-virginia/">2024 Voter Guide</a></li> <li id="menu-item-101077" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-101077"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/candidate-forums/">Candidate Forums</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-90603" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-90603"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/games/">Puzzles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-92476" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-92476"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li id="menu-item-105342" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-105342"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/public-notices/">Public Notices</a></li> <li id="menu-item-42788" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-42788"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/events-in-southwest-and-southside-virginia/">Events calendar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-48390" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48390"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/local-obituaries/">Obituaries</a></li> <li id="menu-item-70520" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-70520"><a href="https://cardinalnews.presspressmerch.com/">Merch store</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="social-navigation" aria-label="Social Links Menu" > <ul id="menu-social-links-menu" class="social-links-menu"><li id="menu-item-1213" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1213"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/cardinalnewsva/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1214" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1214"><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/cardinalnewsva"><span class="screen-reader-text">Twitter</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M22.23,5.924c-0.736,0.326-1.527,0.547-2.357,0.646c0.847-0.508,1.498-1.312,1.804-2.27 c-0.793,0.47-1.671,0.812-2.606,0.996C18.324,4.498,17.257,4,16.077,4c-2.266,0-4.103,1.837-4.103,4.103 c0,0.322,0.036,0.635,0.106,0.935C8.67,8.867,5.647,7.234,3.623,4.751C3.27,5.357,3.067,6.062,3.067,6.814 c0,1.424,0.724,2.679,1.825,3.415c-0.673-0.021-1.305-0.206-1.859-0.513c0,0.017,0,0.034,0,0.052c0,1.988,1.414,3.647,3.292,4.023 c-0.344,0.094-0.707,0.144-1.081,0.144c-0.264,0-0.521-0.026-0.772-0.074c0.522,1.63,2.038,2.816,3.833,2.85 c-1.404,1.1-3.174,1.756-5.096,1.756c-0.331,0-0.658-0.019-0.979-0.057c1.816,1.164,3.973,1.843,6.29,1.843 c7.547,0,11.675-6.252,11.675-11.675c0-0.178-0.004-0.355-0.012-0.531C20.985,7.47,21.68,6.747,22.23,5.924z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-36197" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-36197"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/cardinalnewsva/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-36198" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-36198"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/cardinal-news/"><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M19.7,3H4.3C3.582,3,3,3.582,3,4.3v15.4C3,20.418,3.582,21,4.3,21h15.4c0.718,0,1.3-0.582,1.3-1.3V4.3 C21,3.582,20.418,3,19.7,3z M8.339,18.338H5.667v-8.59h2.672V18.338z M7.004,8.574c-0.857,0-1.549-0.694-1.549-1.548 c0-0.855,0.691-1.548,1.549-1.548c0.854,0,1.547,0.694,1.547,1.548C8.551,7.881,7.858,8.574,7.004,8.574z M18.339,18.338h-2.669 v-4.177c0-0.996-0.017-2.278-1.387-2.278c-1.389,0-1.601,1.086-1.601,2.206v4.249h-2.667v-8.59h2.559v1.174h0.037 c0.356-0.675,1.227-1.387,2.526-1.387c2.703,0,3.203,1.779,3.203,4.092V18.338z"></path></svg></a></li> </ul> </nav> </aside> <aside id="desktop-sidebar-fallback" class="desktop-sidebar dir-left"> <button class="desktop-menu-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> <section id="nav_menu-6" class="below-content widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="menu-primary-menu-container"><ul id="menu-primary-menu-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-25228"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/archive/">Topics</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1206"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/politics/">Politics</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1207"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/economy/">Economy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1208"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/culture/">Culture</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32049"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/education/">Education</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-61762"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/health-care/">Health Care</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-24161"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/weather/">Weather</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1210"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/opinion/">Opinion</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32050"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/sports/">Sports</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1209"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/news-briefs/">News Briefs</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-23632"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/projects/">Projects</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-97617 current_page_item menu-item-97660"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/" aria-current="page">Cardinal News 250</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-58221"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/the-cardinal-way-civility-rules/">The Cardinal Way: Civility Rules</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-100978"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/election-information/">Election Information</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-108888"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/election-2024-live-updates/">Election 2024: Results</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-100979"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/25/voter-guide-southwest-southside-virginia/">Voter Guide 2024</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-105747"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/candidate-forums/">Candidate Forums</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46616"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/bloody-monday/">Bloody Monday</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-29022"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/small-modular-nuclear-reactor/">Small Modular Nuclear Reactor</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23910"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/migration-trends/">Virginia Demographics</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23633"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/southwest-virginia-flooding/">Southwest Virginia Flooding</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-93842"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/projects/d-day-in-the-words-of-the-virginians-who-were-there/">D-Day, in the words of the Virginians who were there</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-42062"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/election-information/">Election 2024</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-108886"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/election-2024-live-updates/">Election 2024: Results</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-85364"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/25/voter-guide-southwest-southside-virginia/">2024 Voter Guide</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-101077"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/candidate-forums/">Candidate Forums</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-90603"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/games/">Puzzles</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-92476"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-105342"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/public-notices/">Public Notices</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-42788"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/events-in-southwest-and-southside-virginia/">Events calendar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48390"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/local-obituaries/">Obituaries</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-70520"><a href="https://cardinalnews.presspressmerch.com/">Merch store</a></li> </ul></div></section><section id="nav_menu-8" class="below-content widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title">About</h2><div class="menu-secondary-container"><ul id="menu-secondary" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-85348" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-85348"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/about-us/">About us</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1216" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1216"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/staff-and-board/">Staff and board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1217" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1217"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/how-were-funded/">How we’re funded</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2040" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy menu-item-2040"><a rel="privacy-policy" href="https://cardinalnews.org/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1218" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1218"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/frequently-asked-questions/">FAQs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1225" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1225"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/contact-us/">Connect with us</a></li> <li id="menu-item-30015" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-30015"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/join-our-team/">Careers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85483" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-85483"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li id="menu-item-6720" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6720"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/my-account/">My account</a></li> <li id="menu-item-90629" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-90629"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sponsor-a-newsletter/">Sponsorships</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div></section> </aside> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#main">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header hide-header-search" [class]="searchVisible ? 'show-header-search site-header ' : 'hide-header-search site-header'"> <div class="middle-header-contain"> <div class="wrapper"> <button class="desktop-menu-toggle" on="tap:desktop-sidebar.toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z" /></svg> <span>Menu</span> </button> <div class="site-branding"> <style>.site-header .custom-logo{height: 64px;max-height: 125px;max-width: 600px;width: 476px;}@media (max-width: 781px){.site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 175px;max-height: 24px;}}@media (min-width: 782px){.h-stk:not(.h-sub) .site-header .custom-logo{max-height: 54px;max-width: 400px;}.h-sub .site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 200px;max-height: 27px;}}@media (max-width: 1199px) and (min-width: 782px){.h-stk.h-cl:not(.h-sub) .site-header .custom-logo{max-width: 100%;width: auto;}}</style><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="930" height="125" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm.png" class="custom-logo" alt="Cardinal News" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm.png 930w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-300x40.png 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-768x103.png 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-400x54.png 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-706x95.png 706w" sizes="(max-width: 930px) 100vw, 930px" data-attachment-id="576" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-sm/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm.png" data-orig-size="930,125" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Cardinal-News-sm" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-300x40.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm.png" /></a> <div class="site-identity"> <p class="site-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/" rel="home">Cardinal News</a></p> <p class="site-description"> Serving Southwest and Southside Virginia </p> </div> </div> <div class="nav-wrapper desktop-only"> <div id="tertiary-nav-contain"> <nav class="tertiary-menu nav3" aria-label="Tertiary Menu" toolbar-target="tertiary-nav-contain" toolbar="(min-width: 767px)"> <ul id="menu-tertiary-menu-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-103693"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-103938"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/">Newsletters</a></li> <li class="menu-item"><a class="newspack-reader__account-link" data-labels="{"signedin":"My Account","signedout":"Sign In"}" href="https://cardinalnews.org/my-account/" data-newspack-reader-account-link><span class="newspack-reader__account-link__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.25 16.4371C6.16445 15.2755 5.5 13.7153 5.5 12C5.5 8.41015 8.41015 5.5 12 5.5C15.5899 5.5 18.5 8.41015 18.5 12C18.5 13.7153 17.8356 15.2755 16.75 16.4371V16C16.75 14.4812 15.5188 13.25 14 13.25L10 13.25C8.48122 13.25 7.25 14.4812 7.25 16V16.4371ZM8.75 17.6304C9.70606 18.1835 10.8161 18.5 12 18.5C13.1839 18.5 14.2939 18.1835 15.25 17.6304V16C15.25 15.3096 14.6904 14.75 14 14.75L10 14.75C9.30964 14.75 8.75 15.3096 8.75 16V17.6304ZM4 12C4 7.58172 7.58172 4 12 4C16.4183 4 20 7.58172 20 12C20 16.4183 16.4183 20 12 20C7.58172 20 4 16.4183 4 12ZM14 10C14 11.1046 13.1046 12 12 12C10.8954 12 10 11.1046 10 10C10 8.89543 10.8954 8 12 8C13.1046 8 14 8.89543 14 10Z" /></svg></span><span class="newspack-reader__account-link__label">Sign In</span></a></li></ul> </nav> </div> </div> <a class="button mb-cta" href="https://cardinalnews.org/membership/">Become a Member</a> <button class="mobile-menu-toggle" on="tap:mobile-sidebar.toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z" /></svg> <span>Menu</span> </button> <span class="newspack-reader__account-link__mobile"> <a class="newspack-reader__account-link" data-labels="{"signedin":"My Account","signedout":"Sign In"}" href="https://cardinalnews.org/my-account/" data-newspack-reader-account-link><span class="newspack-reader__account-link__icon"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M7.25 16.4371C6.16445 15.2755 5.5 13.7153 5.5 12C5.5 8.41015 8.41015 5.5 12 5.5C15.5899 5.5 18.5 8.41015 18.5 12C18.5 13.7153 17.8356 15.2755 16.75 16.4371V16C16.75 14.4812 15.5188 13.25 14 13.25L10 13.25C8.48122 13.25 7.25 14.4812 7.25 16V16.4371ZM8.75 17.6304C9.70606 18.1835 10.8161 18.5 12 18.5C13.1839 18.5 14.2939 18.1835 15.25 17.6304V16C15.25 15.3096 14.6904 14.75 14 14.75L10 14.75C9.30964 14.75 8.75 15.3096 8.75 16V17.6304ZM4 12C4 7.58172 7.58172 4 12 4C16.4183 4 20 7.58172 20 12C20 16.4183 16.4183 20 12 20C7.58172 20 4 16.4183 4 12ZM14 10C14 11.1046 13.1046 12 12 12C10.8954 12 10 11.1046 10 10C10 8.89543 10.8954 8 12 8C13.1046 8 14 8.89543 14 10Z" /></svg></span><span class="newspack-reader__account-link__label">Sign In</span></a> </span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom-header-contain desktop-only"> <div class="wrapper"> <div id="site-navigation"> <nav class="main-navigation nav1 dd-menu" aria-label="Top Menu" toolbar-target="site-navigation" toolbar="(min-width: 767px)"> <ul id="menu-primary-menu-2" class="main-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-25228"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/archive/">Topics</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState25228 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState25228 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState25228: !setState25228 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-25228"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState25228 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1206"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/politics/">Politics</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1207"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/economy/">Economy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1208"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/culture/">Culture</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32049"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/education/">Education</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-61762"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/health-care/">Health Care</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-24161"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/weather/">Weather</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1210"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/opinion/">Opinion</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-32050"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/sports/">Sports</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1209"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/news-briefs/">News Briefs</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children menu-item-23632"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/projects/">Projects</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState23632 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState23632 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState23632: !setState23632 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-23632"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState23632 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-97617 current_page_item menu-item-97660"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/" aria-current="page">Cardinal News 250</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-58221"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/the-cardinal-way-civility-rules/">The Cardinal Way: Civility Rules</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-100978"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/election-information/">Election Information</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState100978 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState100978 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState100978: !setState100978 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-100978"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState100978 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-108888"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/election-2024-live-updates/">Election 2024: Results</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-100979"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/25/voter-guide-southwest-southside-virginia/">Voter Guide 2024</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-105747"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/candidate-forums/">Candidate Forums</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-46616"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/bloody-monday/">Bloody Monday</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-29022"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/small-modular-nuclear-reactor/">Small Modular Nuclear Reactor</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23910"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/migration-trends/">Virginia Demographics</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-23633"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/southwest-virginia-flooding/">Southwest Virginia Flooding</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-93842"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/projects/d-day-in-the-words-of-the-virginians-who-were-there/">D-Day, in the words of the Virginians who were there</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-42062"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/projects/election-information/">Election 2024</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState42062 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState42062 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState42062: !setState42062 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-42062"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState42062 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-108886"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/election-2024-live-updates/">Election 2024: Results</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-85364"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/25/voter-guide-southwest-southside-virginia/">2024 Voter Guide</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-101077"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/candidate-forums/">Candidate Forums</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-90603"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/games/">Puzzles</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-92476"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-105342"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/public-notices/">Public Notices</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-42788"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/events-in-southwest-and-southside-virginia/">Events calendar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-48390"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/local-obituaries/">Obituaries</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-70520"><a href="https://cardinalnews.presspressmerch.com/">Merch store</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="header-search-contain"> <button id="search-toggle" on="tap:AMP.setState( { searchVisible: !searchVisible } ), search-form-2.focus" aria-controls="search-menu" [aria-expanded]="searchVisible ? 'true' : 'false'" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="searchVisible ? 'Close Search' : 'Open Search'"> Open Search </span> <span class="search-icon"><svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg></span> <span class="close-icon"><svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg></span> </button> <div id="header-search" [aria-expanded]="searchVisible ? 'true' : 'false'" aria-expanded="false"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://cardinalnews.org/"> <label for="search-form-2"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-2" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sticky-bg"></div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <section id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <header class="entry-header"> </header> <div class="main-content"> <article id="post-97617" class="post-97617 page type-page status-publish hentry entry"> <div class="entry-content"> <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="119" data-attachment-id="57756" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-250/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250.png" data-orig-size="1517,177" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="cardinal-250" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-300x35.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-1024x119.png" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-1024x119.png" alt="" class="wp-image-57756" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-1024x119.png 1024w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-300x35.png 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-768x90.png 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-1200x140.png 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-400x47.png 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250-706x82.png 706w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cardinal-250.png 1517w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure></div><div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img decoding="async" width="600" height="400" data-attachment-id="57065" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/declarationofindependence/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/declarationofindependence.jpeg" data-orig-size="600,400" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="declarationofindependence" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/declarationofindependence-300x200.jpeg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/declarationofindependence.jpeg" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/declarationofindependence.jpeg" alt="" class="wp-image-57065" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/declarationofindependence.jpeg 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/declarationofindependence-300x200.jpeg 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/declarationofindependence-400x267.jpeg 400w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /></figure></div><p>Cardinal News has embarked on a three-year project to tell the little-known stories of Virginia’s role in the march to independence in advance of the nation’s observation of its 250<sup>th</sup> anniversary, or semiquincentennial.</p><p>“Cardinal News 250: Virginia’s Stories. A Nation’s Birth” began in November 2023 and continues through 2026. The monthly stories will address historical events, people and places across the state and will advance Virginians’ understanding of the role of our ancestors beyond the stories found in classroom history books. There’s also a podcast featuring interviews with historians, journalists, and others, and hosted by Cardinal’s Dutchie Jessee. (Download wherever you get your podcasts and look for the latest episodes in the monthly <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/">newsletter.</a>)</p><p><em>The project is made possible in part by funding from the Virginia American Revolution 250 Commission.</em></p><p class="has-white-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-8f17e6f2e3038fbd0a67fe0a1df0ef74" style="font-size:23px"><strong>Learn when a new Cardinal 250 story publishes</strong></p><div class="wp-block-newspack-newsletters-subscribe newspack-newsletters-subscribe " data-success-message="Thank you for signing up!" > <form id="newspack-subscribe-4"> <input type="hidden" name="newspack_newsletters_subscribe" value="1" /> <input type="hidden" name="lists[]" value="23" /> <div class="newspack-newsletters-email-input"> <input id="newspack-newsletters-subscribe-block-input-4948-email" type="email" name="npe" autocomplete="email" placeholder="Email Address" value="" /> <button class="submit-button"type="submit" style=""> <span class="submit">Sign up</span> </button> </div> </form> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__response"> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__icon"></div> <div class="newspack-newsletters-subscribe__message"> </div> </div> </div><div style="height:100px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"><figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="728" height="90" data-attachment-id="57529" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/4-02-728x90-cardinalnews_sponsorships-1-1/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/4.02-728x90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1.png" data-orig-size="728,90" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="4.02-728×90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/4.02-728x90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1-300x37.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/4.02-728x90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1.png" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/4.02-728x90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-57529" style="aspect-ratio:6.4;object-fit:contain;width:822px;height:auto" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/4.02-728x90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1.png 728w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/4.02-728x90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1-300x37.png 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/4.02-728x90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1-400x49.png 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/4.02-728x90-CardinalNews_sponsorships-1-1-706x87.png 706w" sizes="(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px" /></figure></div><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-featured-story">Featured story</h2><div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-carousel slides-per-view-1 wpnbpc" id="wp-block-newspack-carousel__1" data-current-post-id=110167 data-slides-per-view=1 data-slide-count=2 data-aspect-ratio=0.75><div class="swiper"><div class="swiper-wrapper"> <article data-post-id="104958" class="post-has-image swiper-slide category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/susanna-bolling-revolutionary-heroine-fact-or-myth/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="695" height="635" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/bolling-1.jpg" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="16-year-old Susanna Bolling, Revolutionary heroine: fact or myth?" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/bolling-1.jpg 695w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/bolling-1-300x274.jpg 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/bolling-1-400x365.jpg 400w" sizes="(max-width: 695px) 100vw, 695px" data-attachment-id="109922" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/susanna-bolling-revolutionary-heroine-fact-or-myth/bolling-2/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/bolling-1.jpg" data-orig-size="695,635" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="bolling" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The cover of a book about Susanna Bolling. Did she really save Lafayette? There are few facts to support the legend.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/bolling-1-300x274.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/bolling-1.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/susanna-bolling-revolutionary-heroine-fact-or-myth/" rel="bookmark">16-year-old Susanna Bolling, Revolutionary heroine: fact or myth?</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://cardinalnews.org/author/randy-walker/">Randy Walker</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="110167" class="post-has-image swiper-slide category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/podcast-on-the-legend-of-susanna-bolling/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="780" height="357" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee-1024x469.png" class="image-fit-cover wp-post-image" alt="Podcast on the legend of Susanna Bolling" object-fit="cover" layout="fill" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee-1024x469.png 1024w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee-300x137.png 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee-768x351.png 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee-400x183.png 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee-706x323.png 706w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee.png 1051w" sizes="(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px" data-attachment-id="110168" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/podcast-on-the-legend-of-susanna-bolling/ep9libbymcnamee/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee.png" data-orig-size="1051,481" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Ep9LibbyMcnamee" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Cardinal’s Dutchie Jessee, left, with Libby McNamee, author of a book about Susanna Bolling. </p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee-300x137.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Ep9LibbyMcnamee-1024x469.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/podcast-on-the-legend-of-susanna-bolling/" rel="bookmark">Podcast on the legend of Susanna Bolling</a></h3> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="byline"> <span class="author-prefix">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://cardinalnews.org/author/dutchiecardinalnews-org/">Dutchie Jessee</a></span> </span> </div> </div> </article> </div><button class="swiper-button swiper-button-prev" aria-label="Previous Slide" ></button><button class="swiper-button swiper-button-next" aria-label="Next Slide" ></button></div><div class="swiper-pagination-bullets" ><button option="0" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 1" selected></button><button option="1" class="swiper-pagination-bullet" aria-label="Go to slide 2" ></button></div></div><div style="height:100px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://va250.org/"><img decoding="async" width="2002" height="467" data-attachment-id="97623" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-250-2/va250_full_color_logo_rgb/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB.png" data-orig-size="2002,467" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-300x70.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-1024x239.png" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB.png" alt="VA250 logo" class="wp-image-97623" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB.png 2002w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-300x70.png 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-1024x239.png 1024w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-768x179.png 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-1536x358.png 1536w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-1200x280.png 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-1568x366.png 1568w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-2000x467.png 2000w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-400x93.png 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/VA250_full_color_Logo_RGB-706x165.png 706w" sizes="(max-width: 2002px) 100vw, 2002px" /></a></figure><p class="has-large-font-size"><strong>Learn more about this multi-year series of events</strong></p><p class="has-normal-font-size"><a href="https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacodefull/title30/chapter66/"><strong>Established by the General Assembly in 2020</strong></a>, the Virginia American Revolution 250 Commission (VA250) serves to commemorate the 250th anniversary of the American Revolution. Learn more about their other projects.</p><div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"><div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-dark-gray-background-color has-background wp-element-button" href="https://va250.org/thingstodo/">More from Virginia 250 Project</a></div></div><div style="height:100px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-contribute-to-cardinal-250">Contribute to Cardinal 250</h2><p><strong>Share a tip:</strong> Is there an untold story of the revolution we should cover?</p><p>Tell us more about it.</p><div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"><div class="wp-block-button"><a class="wp-block-button__link has-dark-gray-background-color has-background wp-element-button" href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScc0_Ms2XZMnENkaPR8zYGiCgEF1cRAGrhp-APoqd7t-lPP5A/viewform?usp=sf_link">Submit a Tip</a></div></div><p><strong>Share memorabilia: </strong>Do you have artifacts from this period that you wish to share?</p><p>Send photos to us at <a href="mailto:news@cardinalnews.org">news@cardinalnews.org</a>.</p><div style="height:100px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div><div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles wpnbha is-grid columns-3 colgap-3 show-image image-aligntop ts-3 is-3 is-landscape has-text-align-left" style="" > <style id="newspack-blocks-inline-css" type="text/css">.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .entry-title{font-size: 1.2em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .entry-meta{display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;margin-top: 0.5em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .entry-meta{font-size: 0.8em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles article .avatar{height: 25px;width: 25px;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail{margin: 0;margin-bottom: 0.25em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail img{height: auto;width: 100%;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles .post-thumbnail figcaption{margin-bottom: 0.5em;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles p{margin: 0.5em 0;}.wpnbha.ts-3 .entry-title{font-size: 1em}.wpnbha.ts-3 article .newspack-post-subtitle,.wpnbha.ts-3 article .entry-wrapper p,.wpnbha.ts-3 article .entry-wrapper .more-link,.wpnbha.ts-3 article .entry-meta{font-size: 0.8em;}</style> <div data-posts data-current-post-id="97617"> <h2 class="article-section-title"> <span>Cardinal news 250 story collection</span> </h2> <article data-post-id="91815" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/augusta-county-man-helped-negotiate-first-formal-u-s-treaty-with-native-americans/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Shenandoah Valley man helped negotiate first formal U.S. treaty with Native Americans" data-hero-candidate="1" loading="none" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="108935" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/augusta-county-man-helped-negotiate-first-formal-u-s-treaty-with-native-americans/img_9781/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1707" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"9","credit":"","camera":"Canon EOS REBEL T3","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1714676710","copyright":"","focal_length":"24","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.00625","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="IMG_9781" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Thomas Lewis died Jan. 31, 1790, at his residence, Lynnwood in Rockingham County, on the<br /> Shenandoah River, about three miles from Port Republic at age 71. The “History of Augusta<br /> County, Virginia” states, “In his will he fixed the place on his own estate where he wished to be<br /> buried, and desired that the burial service might be read from the Book of Common Prayer by<br /> his friend, Peachy Gilmer.”He died of a cancer in the face. Photo by Eric Gorton.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/IMG_9781-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/augusta-county-man-helped-negotiate-first-formal-u-s-treaty-with-native-americans/" rel="bookmark">Shenandoah Valley man helped negotiate first formal U.S. treaty with Native Americans</a></h3> <p>Thomas Lewis was the lesser-known brother of Andrew Lewis. Both brothers negotiated a short-lived treaty with the Lenape tribe. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-12T12:47:00">November 12, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-12T08:26:31-05:00">November 12, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="109884" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/dispatch-from-1774-colonies-convene-a-congress-vote-to-boycott-british-goods/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/The_First_Continental_Congress_1774-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1774: Colonies convene a Congress, vote to boycott British goods" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/The_First_Continental_Congress_1774-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/The_First_Continental_Congress_1774-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/The_First_Continental_Congress_1774-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/The_First_Continental_Congress_1774-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="109888" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/dispatch-from-1774-colonies-convene-a-congress-vote-to-boycott-british-goods/the_first_continental_congress_1774/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/The_First_Continental_Congress_1774.jpg" data-orig-size="1280,722" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="The_First_Continental_Congress,_1774" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>A mural of the First Continental Congress that is displayed in the U.S. Capitol. Courtesy of Architect of the Capitol.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/The_First_Continental_Congress_1774-300x169.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/The_First_Continental_Congress_1774-1024x578.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/11/12/dispatch-from-1774-colonies-convene-a-congress-vote-to-boycott-british-goods/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1774: Colonies convene a Congress, vote to boycott British goods</a></h3> <p>We have no precedent for what is now transpiring. The only thing we can say for certain is that the Colonies represented in Philadelphia sent high-level delegations and voted to organize a boycott.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-12T12:45:00">November 12, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-11T18:12:01-05:00">November 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="86750" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/did-a-derecho-help-defeat-gen-cornwallis-at-yorktown/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Did a derecho help defeat Gen. Cornwallis at Yorktown?" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="105868" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/did-a-derecho-help-defeat-gen-cornwallis-at-yorktown/surrenderatyorktownjohntrumbull/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull.jpg" data-orig-size="1920,1304" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"Yale University Art Gallery","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Artist John Trumbull depicts the conclusion of the decisive battle of the Revolutionary War in “The Surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, October 19, 1781.” Courtesy of Yale University Art Gallery.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull-300x204.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/SurrenderatYorktownJohnTrumbull-1024x695.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/did-a-derecho-help-defeat-gen-cornwallis-at-yorktown/" rel="bookmark">Did a derecho help defeat Gen. Cornwallis at Yorktown?</a></h3> <p>A violent windstorm scattered British flatboats on the York River more than 100 years before the term “derecho” would be coined to describe extreme squall lines.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-10-15T13:00:00">October 15, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-10-14T10:14:44-04:00">October 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="106434" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/virginia-had-its-own-tea-party-this-year-marks-the-250th-anniversary-of-the-one-in-yorktown/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Virginia had its own ‘tea party.’ This year marks the 250th anniversary of the one in Yorktown." data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="106436" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/virginia-had-its-own-tea-party-this-year-marks-the-250th-anniversary-of-the-one-in-yorktown/t1990-54-tif/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1698" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"2007 The Colonial Williamsburg F","camera":"","caption":"Painting, \"Yorktown Tea Party\", by artist Sidney King. Ca. 1960s. Original painting in the Visual Resources flat art file. No accession number.","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"T1990-54.tif","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="T1990-54.tif" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Painting, “Yorktown Tea Party,” by artist Sidney King. Circa 1960s. Image courtesy of The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-300x199.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/287997-1_Large-jpg-Digital-Publication-1024x679.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/virginia-had-its-own-tea-party-this-year-marks-the-250th-anniversary-of-the-one-in-yorktown/" rel="bookmark">Virginia had its own ‘tea party.’ This year marks the 250th anniversary of the one in Yorktown.</a></h3> <p>The event was very similar to the one in Boston, just on a smaller scale.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-10-15T12:57:00">October 15, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-10-14T21:04:11-04:00">October 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="101505" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/250-years-ago-this-forgotten-founder-won-the-first-battle-of-the-american-revolution/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2-Statue-at-SCC-2-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="250 years ago, this forgotten founder won the ‘first battle of the American Revolution’" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2-Statue-at-SCC-2-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2-Statue-at-SCC-2-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2-Statue-at-SCC-2-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2-Statue-at-SCC-2-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="104920" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/250-years-ago-this-forgotten-founder-won-the-first-battle-of-the-american-revolution/2-statue-at-scc-2/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2-Statue-at-SCC-2.jpg" data-orig-size="808,739" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"10","credit":"","camera":"Canon EOS REBEL T3","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1723207687","copyright":"","focal_length":"46","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.004","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="2) Statue at SCC 2" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The Andrew Lewis statue at the Salem Civic Center. Photo by Randy Walker.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2-Statue-at-SCC-2-300x274.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/2-Statue-at-SCC-2.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/250-years-ago-this-forgotten-founder-won-the-first-battle-of-the-american-revolution/" rel="bookmark">250 years ago, this forgotten founder won the ‘first battle of the American Revolution’</a></h3> <p>Andrew Lewis helped lead Virginians to victory over the Shawnee in 1774 and later chased the royal governor out of Virginia but felt he wasn’t given his proper due. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-10-15T12:55:00">October 15, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-10-15T17:19:48-04:00">October 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="106273" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/podcast-on-forgotten-founder-andrew-lewis/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Podcast on ‘forgotten founder’ Andrew Lewis" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="106431" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/podcast-on-forgotten-founder-andrew-lewis/podandrewlewsinstudio/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio.jpg" data-orig-size="1670,1484" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"1.5","credit":"","camera":"SM-G960U1","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1726569786","copyright":"","focal_length":"4.3","iso":"320","shutter_speed":"0.016666666666667","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="PodAndrewLewsinstudio" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Dutchie Jessee with Garrett Channell </p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio-300x267.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/PodAndrewLewsinstudio-1024x910.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/podcast-on-forgotten-founder-andrew-lewis/" rel="bookmark">Podcast on ‘forgotten founder’ Andrew Lewis</a></h3> <p>Garrett Channell is executive director of the Salem History Museum and Historical Society.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-10-15T12:50:00">October 15, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-10-15T23:09:49-04:00">October 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="105977" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/dispatch-from-1774-settlers-massacre-mingo-near-the-ohio-river-prompt-lord-dunmores-war/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/point_pleasant-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1774: Settlers massacre Mingo near the Ohio River, prompt ‘Lord Dunmore’s war’" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/point_pleasant-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/point_pleasant-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/point_pleasant-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/point_pleasant-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="105978" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/dispatch-from-1774-settlers-massacre-mingo-near-the-ohio-river-prompt-lord-dunmores-war/point_pleasant/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/point_pleasant.jpg" data-orig-size="1024,645" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="point_pleasant" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The Battle of Point Pleasant, as depicted by John Frost in 1854.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/point_pleasant-300x189.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/point_pleasant.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/10/15/dispatch-from-1774-settlers-massacre-mingo-near-the-ohio-river-prompt-lord-dunmores-war/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1774: Settlers massacre Mingo near the Ohio River, prompt ‘Lord Dunmore’s war’</a></h3> <p>For much of 1774, Virginia was distracted from its conflicts with Britain by military action against the natives. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-10-15T12:45:00">October 15, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-10-14T20:57:30-04:00">October 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="60311" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/soldiers-from-washington-county-marched-further-than-anyone-else-to-inflict-decisive-defeat-on-the-british/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Soldiers from Washington County marched farther than anyone else to inflict decisive defeat on the British" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-300x225.jpg 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-1568x1176.jpg 1568w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-2000x1500.jpg 2000w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-706x530.jpg 706w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1.jpg 2048w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="100484" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/soldiers-from-washington-county-marched-further-than-anyone-else-to-inflict-decisive-defeat-on-the-british/muster1/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1.jpg" data-orig-size="2048,1536" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="muster1" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Reenactors at the Abingdon Muster Grounds. Courtesy of the Muster Grounds.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-300x225.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/muster1-1024x768.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/soldiers-from-washington-county-marched-further-than-anyone-else-to-inflict-decisive-defeat-on-the-british/" rel="bookmark">Soldiers from Washington County marched farther than anyone else to inflict decisive defeat on the British</a></h3> <p>Today the place where the Overmountain Men gathered is memorialized with a National Park Service site.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-17T13:00:00">September 17, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-08-31T21:57:29-04:00">August 31, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="78194" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/william-campbell-led-the-overmountain-men-to-a-key-victory-then-died-young/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="William Campbell led the Overmountain Men to a key victory, then died young" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="100529" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/william-campbell-led-the-overmountain-men-to-a-key-victory-then-died-young/william_campbell_kings_mountain/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain.jpg" data-orig-size="1481,1509" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="william_campbell_kings_mountain" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>William Campbell. Courtesy of Kings Mountain National Park.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain-294x300.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/william_campbell_kings_mountain-1005x1024.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/william-campbell-led-the-overmountain-men-to-a-key-victory-then-died-young/" rel="bookmark">William Campbell led the Overmountain Men to a key victory, then died young</a></h3> <p>Had he not died at age 36 just before Yorktown, he might be better known today. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-17T12:55:00">September 17, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-09-17T09:42:47-04:00">September 17, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="102961" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/podcast-about-william-campbell-and-the-overmountain-men/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Episode-7-guest-Tom-Vaughan-on-William-Campbell-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Podcast about William Campbell and the Overmountain Men" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Episode-7-guest-Tom-Vaughan-on-William-Campbell-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Episode-7-guest-Tom-Vaughan-on-William-Campbell-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Episode-7-guest-Tom-Vaughan-on-William-Campbell-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="102962" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/podcast-about-william-campbell-and-the-overmountain-men/episode-7-guest-tom-vaughan-on-william-campbell/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Episode-7-guest-Tom-Vaughan-on-William-Campbell.png" data-orig-size="1175,495" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Episode 7 guest Tom Vaughan (on William Campbell)" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p> Dutchie Jessee speaks Tom Vaughan, treasurer of the Overmountain Victory Trail Association in Bristol, Tennessee</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Episode-7-guest-Tom-Vaughan-on-William-Campbell-300x126.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Episode-7-guest-Tom-Vaughan-on-William-Campbell-1024x431.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/podcast-about-william-campbell-and-the-overmountain-men/" rel="bookmark">Podcast about William Campbell and the Overmountain Men</a></h3> <p>Campbell led his men farther than any other unit to inflict a defeat on the British. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-17T12:45:00">September 17, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-09-16T23:03:47-04:00">September 16, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="102607" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/dispatch-from-1774-britain-gives-virginias-western-lands-to-quebec/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1774: Britain gives Virginia’s western lands to Quebec" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="102642" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/dispatch-from-1774-britain-gives-virginias-western-lands-to-quebec/quebec_the_british_colonies_in_north_america/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America.jpg" data-orig-size="1224,1024" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>This British map shows how the Quebec Act extended Quebec (in green) westward. Courtesy of New York Public Library.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America-300x251.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/quebec_The_British_colonies_in_North_America-1024x857.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/09/17/dispatch-from-1774-britain-gives-virginias-western-lands-to-quebec/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1774: Britain gives Virginia’s western lands to Quebec</a></h3> <p>This action by the British Parliament thwarts both Virginia’s land-speculating gentry and land-seeking small farmers.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-17T12:40:00">September 17, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-09-17T14:43:02-04:00">September 17, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="95897" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/from-villain-to-hero-norfolk-born-writer-reassesses-lord-dunmore-virginias-last-colonial-governor/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/6-Lord-and-Lady-Dunmore-in-garden-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="From villain to hero? Norfolk-born writer reassesses Lord Dunmore, Virginia’s last Colonial governor" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/6-Lord-and-Lady-Dunmore-in-garden-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/6-Lord-and-Lady-Dunmore-in-garden-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/6-Lord-and-Lady-Dunmore-in-garden-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/6-Lord-and-Lady-Dunmore-in-garden-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="96018" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/from-villain-to-hero-norfolk-born-writer-reassesses-lord-dunmore-virginias-last-colonial-governor/6-lord-and-lady-dunmore-in-garden/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/6-Lord-and-Lady-Dunmore-in-garden.jpg" data-orig-size="1098,733" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"David Catanese as Lord Dunmore with Corinne Dame as Lady Dunmore. Governor's Palace.","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="6) Lord and Lady Dunmore in garden" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>David Catanese as Lord Dunmore with Corinne Dame as Lady Dunmore. Governor’s Palace. Photo by Brendan Sostak, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/6-Lord-and-Lady-Dunmore-in-garden-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/6-Lord-and-Lady-Dunmore-in-garden-1024x684.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/from-villain-to-hero-norfolk-born-writer-reassesses-lord-dunmore-virginias-last-colonial-governor/" rel="bookmark">From villain to hero? Norfolk-born writer reassesses Lord Dunmore, Virginia’s last Colonial governor</a></h3> <p>Long reviled, Dunmore is now getting a second look by historians for his role in freeing some Virginia slaves. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-08-13T13:00:00">August 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-08-11T11:12:54-04:00">August 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="95900" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/across-virginia-localities-are-hosting-events-related-to-upcoming-250th-anniversary-of-declaration-of-independence/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Across Virginia, localities are hosting events related to upcoming 250th anniversary of Declaration of Independence" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="95903" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/across-virginia-localities-are-hosting-events-related-to-upcoming-250th-anniversary-of-declaration-of-independence/1-keynote-remarks-given-by-carly-fiorina/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1707" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"6.3","credit":"JEFF HANCOCK","camera":"Canon EOS 90D","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1721342148","copyright":"Jeff Hancock 2024","focal_length":"124","iso":"160","shutter_speed":"0.004","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="1, Keynote remarks given by Carly Fiorina" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Carly Fiorina, Virginia’s National Honorary Chairperson of the Virginia American Revolution 250 Commission, gives keynote remarks at an event in Alexandria. Photo by Jeff Hancock Photography.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/1-Keynote-remarks-given-by-Carly-Fiorina-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/across-virginia-localities-are-hosting-events-related-to-upcoming-250th-anniversary-of-declaration-of-independence/" rel="bookmark">Across Virginia, localities are hosting events related to upcoming 250th anniversary of Declaration of Independence</a></h3> <p>Here’s what some communities have been doing to celebrate Virginia’s role in the American Revolution.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-08-13T12:55:00">August 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-08-11T11:07:22-04:00">August 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="93685" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/250-years-ago-virginia-saw-a-summer-of-resolutions-heres-how-essex-county-remembers-theirs/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="250 years ago, Virginia saw a summer of resolutions. Here’s how Essex County remembers theirs." data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="95991" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/250-years-ago-virginia-saw-a-summer-of-resolutions-heres-how-essex-county-remembers-theirs/dsc_0780/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1707" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"6.3","credit":"","camera":"NIKON D3100","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1720883597","copyright":"","focal_length":"55","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.00625","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="essex" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Brent Shultz, an actor with the McKey Carpenter Stunt Group, which reenacted “The Ritchie Affair.” He played Archibald Ritchie, a Scottish merchant in Tappahannock, who planned to comply with the Stamp Act and then came to fisticuffs with Richard Henry Lee and Thomas Ludwell Lee. Photo by Lindley Estes.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/DSC_0780-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/250-years-ago-virginia-saw-a-summer-of-resolutions-heres-how-essex-county-remembers-theirs/" rel="bookmark">250 years ago, Virginia saw a summer of resolutions. Here’s how Essex County remembers theirs.</a></h3> <p>In 1774, at least 30 Virginia counties passed resolutions to protest the British response to the Boston Tea Party. Essex County has made a tradition of holding an annual public reading. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-08-13T12:50:00">August 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-08-11T11:08:46-04:00">August 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="96632" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/cardinal-250-podcast-about-essex-countys-reenactment-of-its-historic-resolutions/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/PodEssexCoEpisode-6-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Cardinal 250 podcast about Essex County’s reenactment of its historic resolutions" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/PodEssexCoEpisode-6-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/PodEssexCoEpisode-6-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/PodEssexCoEpisode-6-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="96639" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/cardinal-250-podcast-about-essex-countys-reenactment-of-its-historic-resolutions/podessexcoepisode-6/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/PodEssexCoEpisode-6.png" data-orig-size="1070,527" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="PodEssexCoEpisode 6" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Cardinal News 250 host Dutchie Jessee speaks with Essex County Museum Executive Director Tim Manley.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/PodEssexCoEpisode-6-300x148.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/PodEssexCoEpisode-6-1024x504.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/cardinal-250-podcast-about-essex-countys-reenactment-of-its-historic-resolutions/" rel="bookmark">Cardinal 250 podcast about Essex County’s reenactment of its historic resolutions</a></h3> <p>In 1774, more than 30 Virginia counties passed resolutions to protest Britain’s reaction to the Boston Tea Party. Essex County still reenacts theirs every year.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-08-13T12:45:00">August 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-08-12T18:06:00-04:00">August 12, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="96026" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/dispatch-from-1774-more-than-30-virginia-counties-pass-resolutions-to-protest-british-response-to-boston-tea-party/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Boston_Tea_Party_w-600x450.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1774: More than 30 Virginia counties pass resolutions to protest British response to Boston Tea Party" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Boston_Tea_Party_w-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Boston_Tea_Party_w-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Boston_Tea_Party_w-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="96032" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/dispatch-from-1774-more-than-30-virginia-counties-pass-resolutions-to-protest-british-response-to-boston-tea-party/boston_tea_party_w/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Boston_Tea_Party_w.jpg" data-orig-size="1024,587" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"Library of Congress","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Boston_Tea_Party_w" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The Boston Tea Party in December 1773. Engraving by W.D. Cooper in 1789.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Boston_Tea_Party_w-300x172.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Boston_Tea_Party_w.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/08/13/dispatch-from-1774-more-than-30-virginia-counties-pass-resolutions-to-protest-british-response-to-boston-tea-party/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1774: More than 30 Virginia counties pass resolutions to protest British response to Boston Tea Party</a></h3> <p>This spring and summer has seen a head-spinning series of events that have reshaped the political landscape, not just in Virginia, but throughout other Colonies, as well.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-08-13T12:40:00">August 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-08-10T21:28:47-04:00">August 10, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="60713" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/about-900-black-loyalists-from-virginia-escaped-slavery-and-went-to-nova-scotia/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/1-Black-Loyalist-Settlements-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="About 900 Black Loyalists from Virginia escaped slavery and went to Nova Scotia" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/1-Black-Loyalist-Settlements-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/1-Black-Loyalist-Settlements-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/1-Black-Loyalist-Settlements-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="60716" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/about-900-black-loyalists-from-virginia-escaped-slavery-and-went-to-nova-scotia/1-black-loyalist-settlements/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/1-Black-Loyalist-Settlements.png" data-orig-size="964,543" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="1 – Black Loyalist Settlements" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>A map of Nova Scotia showing Black Loyalist settlements across the province. Image<br /> courtesy of the Black Loyalist Heritage Centre.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/1-Black-Loyalist-Settlements-300x169.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/1-Black-Loyalist-Settlements.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/about-900-black-loyalists-from-virginia-escaped-slavery-and-went-to-nova-scotia/" rel="bookmark">About 900 Black Loyalists from Virginia escaped slavery and went to Nova Scotia</a></h3> <p>Virginia’s royal governor, Lord Dunmore, offered freedom to any enslaved laborers who enlisted with the British. After the war, those Black Loyalists were evacuated to Canada, where their legacy is still honored today.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-07-16T13:00:00">July 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-07-09T21:11:47-04:00">July 9, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="91138" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/how-a-virginia-born-singer-joined-with-al-stewart-to-write-a-song-about-loyalists-who-fled-to-nova-scotia/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/dave_n1-800x600.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="How a Virginia-born singer joined with Al Stewart to write a song about Loyalists who fled to Nova Scotia" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/dave_n1-800x600.png?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/dave_n1-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/dave_n1-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/dave_n1-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="91139" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/how-a-virginia-born-singer-joined-with-al-stewart-to-write-a-song-about-loyalists-who-fled-to-nova-scotia/dave_n1/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/dave_n1.png" data-orig-size="817,702" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="dave_n1" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Dave Nachmanoff, left, performing with Al Stewart. Photo courtesy of Alan Buchan.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/dave_n1-300x258.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/dave_n1.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/how-a-virginia-born-singer-joined-with-al-stewart-to-write-a-song-about-loyalists-who-fled-to-nova-scotia/" rel="bookmark">How a Virginia-born singer joined with Al Stewart to write a song about Loyalists who fled to Nova Scotia</a></h3> <p>Dave Nachmanoff, who grew up in Arlington, teamed with the “Year of the Cat” singer to memorialize the Americans who sided with the king.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-07-16T12:55:00">July 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-07-23T09:48:33-04:00">July 23, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="92649" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/cardinal-250-podcast-with-descendants-of-black-loyalists-who-fled-virginia-for-nova-scotia/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/C250-Black-Loyalists-pod-screenshot-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Cardinal 250 podcast with descendants of Black Loyalists who fled Virginia for Nova Scotia" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/C250-Black-Loyalists-pod-screenshot-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/C250-Black-Loyalists-pod-screenshot-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/C250-Black-Loyalists-pod-screenshot-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="92652" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/cardinal-250-podcast-with-descendants-of-black-loyalists-who-fled-virginia-for-nova-scotia/c250-black-loyalists-pod-screenshot/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/C250-Black-Loyalists-pod-screenshot.png" data-orig-size="1160,533" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="C250 Black Loyalists pod screenshot" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Dutchie Jessee, Andrea Davis (executive director of the Black Loyalist Heritage Centre and also a descendant of Black Loyalists) and Kelley Bruce (board member at the Heritage Centre and also a descendant of Black Loyalists).</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/C250-Black-Loyalists-pod-screenshot-300x138.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/C250-Black-Loyalists-pod-screenshot-1024x471.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/cardinal-250-podcast-with-descendants-of-black-loyalists-who-fled-virginia-for-nova-scotia/" rel="bookmark">Cardinal 250 podcast with descendants of Black Loyalists who fled Virginia for Nova Scotia</a></h3> <p>The director and board member of the Black Loyalist Heritage Centre in Canada talk about their efforts to reconnect with relatives in Virginia. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-07-16T12:50:00">July 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-07-15T22:19:31-04:00">July 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="91146" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/dispatch-from-1773-smuggling-in-rhode-island-prompts-virginia-to-do-something-revolutionary/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gaspee-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1773: Smuggling in Rhode Island prompts Virginia to do something revolutionary" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gaspee-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gaspee-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gaspee-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gaspee-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="91148" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/dispatch-from-1773-smuggling-in-rhode-island-prompts-virginia-to-do-something-revolutionary/gaspee/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gaspee.jpg" data-orig-size="1024,745" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="gaspee" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The burning of The Gaspee as depicted in “Cassell’s Illustrated History of England, Volume 5” in 1865. Public domain.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gaspee-300x218.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/gaspee.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/16/dispatch-from-1773-smuggling-in-rhode-island-prompts-virginia-to-do-something-revolutionary/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1773: Smuggling in Rhode Island prompts Virginia to do something revolutionary</a></h3> <p>British enforcement of customs laws leads to arrests, a political confrontation, and then a ship being set ablaze. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-07-16T12:45:00">July 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-07-15T20:54:35-04:00">July 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="91858" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/04/on-the-4th-of-july-time-to-remember-our-forgotten-founders/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="On the 4th of July, time to remember our ‘forgotten founders’" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="81415" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/why-three-colonial-era-newspapers-in-williamsburg-called-themselves-the-virginia-gazette-and-even-published-at-the-same-time/image-2024-03-18t095353-901/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901.png" data-orig-size="771,653" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="clementina reid" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Emma Cross portrays Clementina Rind at Colonial Williamsburg. Courtesy of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-300x254.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/07/04/on-the-4th-of-july-time-to-remember-our-forgotten-founders/" rel="bookmark">On the 4th of July, time to remember our ‘forgotten founders’</a></h3> <p>Cardinal News has embarked on a three-year project to tell the little-known stories of Virginia’s role in the march to independence.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-07-04T00:01:00">July 4, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-07-04T19:08:41-04:00">July 4, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="81621" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/the-effect-of-the-day-thro-the-whole-colony-was-like-a-shock-of-electricity/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="‘The effect of the day thro’ the whole colony was like a shock of electricity’" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="86459" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/the-effect-of-the-day-thro-the-whole-colony-was-like-a-shock-of-electricity/bruton-parish-church/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1701" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Bruton Parish Church" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Bruton Parish Church. 1893 painting by Alfred Wordsworth Thompson. Metropolitan<br /> Museum of Art.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church-300x199.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bruton-Parish-Church-1024x680.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/the-effect-of-the-day-thro-the-whole-colony-was-like-a-shock-of-electricity/" rel="bookmark">‘The effect of the day thro’ the whole colony was like a shock of electricity’</a></h3> <p>This month marks the 250th anniversary of when the House of Burgesses, in defiance of the royal governor, declared a “Day of Fasting, Humiliation and Prayer.”</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-06-11T12:58:00">June 11, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-06-11T13:38:07-04:00">June 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="77405" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/for-colonists-hemp-was-both-economic-security-and-national-security/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="For Colonists, hemp was both economic security and national security" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="86487" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/for-colonists-hemp-was-both-economic-security-and-national-security/mdp_20180821_ss-7764/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764.jpg" data-orig-size="1600,1067" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"5","credit":"","camera":"Canon EOS 5D Mark III","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1534871244","copyright":"","focal_length":"88","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.008","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="mount vernon hemp" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>An interpreter at Mount Vernon harvests hemp. Courtesy of Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/MDP_20180821_SS-7764-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/for-colonists-hemp-was-both-economic-security-and-national-security/" rel="bookmark">For Colonists, hemp was both economic security and national security</a></h3> <p>Colonial Virginians used hemp to make rope, sails and caulking. They also used it to pay taxes. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-06-11T12:55:00">June 11, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-06-11T13:37:51-04:00">June 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="88104" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/cardinal-250-podcast-with-woody-holton-on-the-forgotten-founders/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PodWoodyHolton-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Cardinal 250 podcast with Woody Holton on the ‘forgotten founders’" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PodWoodyHolton-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PodWoodyHolton-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PodWoodyHolton-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="88108" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/cardinal-250-podcast-with-woody-holton-on-the-forgotten-founders/podwoodyholton/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PodWoodyHolton.png" data-orig-size="1044,512" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="PodWoodyHolton" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Dutchie M. Jessee interviews Woody Holton. </p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PodWoodyHolton-300x147.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PodWoodyHolton-1024x502.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/cardinal-250-podcast-with-woody-holton-on-the-forgotten-founders/" rel="bookmark">Cardinal 250 podcast with Woody Holton on the ‘forgotten founders’</a></h3> <p>The noted Revolutionary War historian talks about how women, Native Americans and enslaved people were critical in the drive for independence.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-06-11T12:50:00">June 11, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-06-11T13:38:33-04:00">June 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="88118" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/dispatch-from-1772-britain-vetoes-virginias-vote-to-abolish-slave-trade/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1772: Britain vetoes Virginia’s vote to abolish slave trade" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="88191" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/dispatch-from-1772-britain-vetoes-virginias-vote-to-abolish-slave-trade/d2023-bes-0626-0019_medium-digital-publication/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication.jpg" data-orig-size="1800,1201" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"\u00a92023 The Colonial Williamsburg","camera":"","caption":"A view from the installation of new gates at the capitol on June 26, 2023. Here: Completed gates with the Capitol building in the background.","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium (Digital Publication)" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Virginia’s Colonial Capitol. Photo credit: Brendan Sostak, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/D2023-BES-0626-0019_Medium-Digital-Publication-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/06/11/dispatch-from-1772-britain-vetoes-virginias-vote-to-abolish-slave-trade/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1772: Britain vetoes Virginia’s vote to abolish slave trade</a></h3> <p>Some white Virginians feared that the growth of the enslaved population would lead to a slave rebellion. Others wanted to halt the slave trade to increase the value of their enslaved workers. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-06-11T12:48:00">June 11, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-06-11T13:38:25-04:00">June 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="75939" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/why-three-colonial-era-newspapers-in-williamsburg-called-themselves-the-virginia-gazette-and-even-published-at-the-same-time/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095335.891-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Why three Colonial-era newspapers in Williamsburg called themselves The Virginia Gazette — and even published at the same time" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095335.891-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095335.891-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095335.891-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="81411" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/why-three-colonial-era-newspapers-in-williamsburg-called-themselves-the-virginia-gazette-and-even-published-at-the-same-time/image-2024-03-18t095335-891/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095335.891.png" data-orig-size="766,505" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="colonial williamsburg press" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p> Journeyman Printer Chad Jones takes a newly printed Virginia Gazette newspaper off the printing press in Colonial Williamsburg’s printing shop.<br /> Credit: Tom Green, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095335.891-300x198.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095335.891.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/why-three-colonial-era-newspapers-in-williamsburg-called-themselves-the-virginia-gazette-and-even-published-at-the-same-time/" rel="bookmark">Why three Colonial-era newspapers in Williamsburg called themselves The Virginia Gazette — and even published at the same time</a></h3> <p>Untangling the history of Virginia’s first newspaper and the homonymous publications that followed, each with a claim to fame in the annals of journalism.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-05-14T13:59:00">May 14, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-05-15T11:33:04-04:00">May 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="75942" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/channeling-the-life-story-of-the-first-woman-to-publish-a-newspaper-in-virginia/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Channeling the life story of the first woman to publish a newspaper in Virginia" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="81415" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/why-three-colonial-era-newspapers-in-williamsburg-called-themselves-the-virginia-gazette-and-even-published-at-the-same-time/image-2024-03-18t095353-901/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901.png" data-orig-size="771,653" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="clementina reid" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Emma Cross portrays Clementina Rind at Colonial Williamsburg. Courtesy of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901-300x254.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/image-2024-03-18T095353.901.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/channeling-the-life-story-of-the-first-woman-to-publish-a-newspaper-in-virginia/" rel="bookmark">Channeling the life story of the first woman to publish a newspaper in Virginia</a></h3> <p>At Colonial Williamsburg, Emma Cross has portrayed Clementina Rind, who printed calls for independence from Britain as the American Revolution approached.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-05-14T13:56:00">May 14, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-05-15T11:34:07-04:00">May 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="84119" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/cardinal-250-podcast-with-jeff-south-on-the-role-of-the-press-in-colonial-virginia/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PodJeffSouth-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Cardinal 250 podcast with Jeff South on the role of the press in Colonial Virginia" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PodJeffSouth-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PodJeffSouth-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PodJeffSouth-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="84120" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/cardinal-250-podcast-with-jeff-south-on-the-role-of-the-press-in-colonial-virginia/podjeffsouth/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PodJeffSouth.png" data-orig-size="1114,481" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="PodJeffSouth" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Dutchie M. Jessee interviews Jeff South on the Cardinal 250 podcast. </p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PodJeffSouth-300x130.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/PodJeffSouth-1024x442.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/cardinal-250-podcast-with-jeff-south-on-the-role-of-the-press-in-colonial-virginia/" rel="bookmark">Cardinal 250 podcast with Jeff South on the role of the press in Colonial Virginia</a></h3> <p>He also talks about Clementina Rind, the first woman to publish a newspaper in Virginia.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-05-14T13:50:00">May 14, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-05-15T11:35:44-04:00">May 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="81424" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/dispatch-from-1769-governor-dissolves-house-of-burgesses-virginia-vows-boycott-of-british-goods/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="400" height="300" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PatrioticYoungWoman-400x300.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-small size-newspack-article-block-landscape-small wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1769: Governor dissolves House of Burgesses; Virginia vows boycott of British goods" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PatrioticYoungWoman-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PatrioticYoungWoman-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="81428" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/dispatch-from-1769-governor-dissolves-house-of-burgesses-virginia-vows-boycott-of-british-goods/patrioticyoungwoman/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PatrioticYoungWoman.jpg" data-orig-size="400,382" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"rebecca brooks","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1448625954","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="PatrioticYoungWoman" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>An 1877 depiction of the Colonial boycott of British goods, which relied on American women to produce clothing and other goods. Courtesy of Our Country: A Household History for All Readers.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PatrioticYoungWoman-300x287.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PatrioticYoungWoman.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/05/14/dispatch-from-1769-governor-dissolves-house-of-burgesses-virginia-vows-boycott-of-british-goods/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1769: Governor dissolves House of Burgesses; Virginia vows boycott of British goods</a></h3> <p>To protest import taxes imposed by London, colonists have organized to produce their own goods.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-05-14T13:45:00">May 14, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-05-12T22:03:50-04:00">May 12, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="72434" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/a-rascaly-county-montgomery-county-was-a-hotbed-of-anti-patriot-fervor-during-the-revolution/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/loyalists2_loc-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="A ‘rascaly county’: Montgomery County was a hotbed of anti-Patriot fervor during the Revolution" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/loyalists2_loc-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/loyalists2_loc-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/loyalists2_loc-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/loyalists2_loc-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="78896" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/a-rascaly-county-montgomery-county-was-a-hotbed-of-anti-patriot-fervor-during-the-revolution/loyalists2_loc/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/loyalists2_loc.jpg" data-orig-size="1024,731" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="loyalists2_loc" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>This etching by William Humphrey depicts how Loyalists saw Patriots. The Library of Congress says: “Cartoon shows three Natives, representing America, murdering six loyalists, four are being hung, one is about to be scalped, and the last, appealing to Fate, is about to be killed by an ax-wielding Native.” Courtesy of Library of Congress.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/loyalists2_loc-300x214.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/loyalists2_loc.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/a-rascaly-county-montgomery-county-was-a-hotbed-of-anti-patriot-fervor-during-the-revolution/" rel="bookmark">A ‘rascaly county’: Montgomery County was a hotbed of anti-Patriot fervor during the Revolution</a></h3> <p>Hundreds of people across the Southwest Virginia valleys and mountains openly opposed the Revolution and pledged their loyalty to British King George III.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-04-16T14:00:00">April 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-04-08T11:24:51-04:00">April 8, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="76835" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/in-virginia-and-across-the-nation-planning-is-underway-for-a-250th-birthday-in-2026/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="In Virginia and across the nation, planning is underway for a 250th birthday in 2026" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="77169" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/in-virginia-and-across-the-nation-planning-is-underway-for-a-250th-birthday-in-2026/va-250th-keynote-remarksrosie-rios-chair-america250/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1707" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"2.8","credit":"Brian Newson","camera":"Canon EOS 5D Mark IV","caption":"VA 250th, Keynote remarks\rRosie Rios, Chair, America250","created_timestamp":"1710806400","copyright":"COLONIAL WILLIAMSBURG FOUNDATION","focal_length":"200","iso":"1250","shutter_speed":"0.005","title":"VA 250th, Keynote remarks\rRosie Rios, Chair, America250","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="VA 250th, Keynote remarksRosie Rios, Chair, America250" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Rosie Rios, Chair, America250, speaks at the VA 250 conference in Williamsburg. Courtesy of Brian Newson, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/D2024-BCN-0319-0110-Enhanced-NR-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/in-virginia-and-across-the-nation-planning-is-underway-for-a-250th-birthday-in-2026/" rel="bookmark">In Virginia and across the nation, planning is underway for a 250th birthday in 2026</a></h3> <p>Representatives from planning committees across the country met recently in Williamsburg to compare notes. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-04-16T13:58:00">April 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-03-29T21:51:02-04:00">March 29, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="79879" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/cardinal-news-250-podcast-with-virginia-250-commission-director-cheryl-wilson/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot-1200x900.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Cardinal News 250 podcast with Virginia 250 Commission executive director Cheryl Wilson" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot-1200x900.png?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot-800x600.png?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="79884" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/cardinal-news-250-podcast-with-virginia-250-commission-director-cheryl-wilson/1st-podcast-screenshot/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot.png" data-orig-size="1920,1080" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="1st podcast screenshot" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Our Cardinal News 250 podcast: Cardinal’s Dutchie M. Jessee (left) interviews Virginia American Revolution Commission director Cheryl Wilson (right). </p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot-300x169.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/1st-podcast-screenshot-1024x576.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/cardinal-news-250-podcast-with-virginia-250-commission-director-cheryl-wilson/" rel="bookmark">Cardinal News 250 podcast with Virginia 250 Commission executive director Cheryl Wilson</a></h3> <p>She talks about why the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence deserves a big commemoration.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-04-16T13:56:00">April 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-04-16T21:00:14-04:00">April 16, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="78733" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/dispatch-from-1766-a-sensational-murder-in-cumberland-county-highlights-how-much-virginias-gentry-is-in-debt-to-britain/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1766: A sensational murder at Mosby’s Tavern highlights how much Virginia’s gentry is in debt to Britain" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="78734" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/dispatch-from-1766-a-sensational-murder-in-cumberland-county-highlights-how-much-virginias-gentry-is-in-debt-to-britain/mosby_tavern/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1707" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"11","credit":"","camera":"NIKON D3100","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1674408449","copyright":"","focal_length":"52","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.003125","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="mosby_tavern" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The Mosby Tavern in 2023. Photo by Calder Loth. Courtesy of Department of Historic Resources.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/mosby_tavern-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/04/16/dispatch-from-1766-a-sensational-murder-in-cumberland-county-highlights-how-much-virginias-gentry-is-in-debt-to-britain/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1766: A sensational murder at Mosby’s Tavern highlights how much Virginia’s gentry is in debt to Britain</a></h3> <p>In a drunken brawl in modern-day Powhatan County, John Chiswell drove a sword into Robert Routledge. Alcohol fueled their dispute, but so did indebtedness. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-04-16T13:55:00">April 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-04-16T05:31:11-04:00">April 16, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="68856" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/at-chiswells-mines-a-mixed-crew-of-unwilling-hands-dug-lead-ore-for-patriot-victory/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2-1200x900.jpeg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="At Chiswell’s mines, a mixed crew of unwilling hands dug lead ore for patriot victory" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2-1200x900.jpeg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2-800x600.jpeg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2-600x450.jpeg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2-400x300.jpeg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2-200x150.jpeg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="69598" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/at-chiswells-mines-a-mixed-crew-of-unwilling-hands-dug-lead-ore-for-patriot-victory/1-conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-jim-mullins2/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2.jpeg" data-orig-size="1949,1699" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="1) Conjectural sketch of miner by Jim Mullins2" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Close-up of an conjectural sketch of an enslaved miner wearing state-issued clothing. By Jim Mullins.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2-300x262.jpeg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Conjectural-sketch-of-miner-by-Jim-Mullins2-1024x893.jpeg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/at-chiswells-mines-a-mixed-crew-of-unwilling-hands-dug-lead-ore-for-patriot-victory/" rel="bookmark">At Chiswell’s mines, a mixed crew of unwilling hands dug lead ore for patriot victory</a></h3> <p>Enslaved men and white criminals worked side by side at the lead mines in Wythe County to produce ammunition. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-03-12T13:00:00">March 12, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-03-11T15:59:41-04:00">March 11, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="70966" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/virginias-native-americans-were-caught-in-the-crossfire-of-the-revolution/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Virginia’s Native Americans were caught in the crossfire of the revolution" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-300x225.jpg 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-1568x1176.jpg 1568w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-706x530.jpg 706w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="73925" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/virginias-native-americans-were-caught-in-the-crossfire-of-the-revolution/pxl_20231122_160803961-mp/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1920" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="native american tribal tax tribute ceremoney" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Gov. Glenn Youngkin speaks with Chief Mark Fallingstar Custalow as members of the Mattaponi Indian Tribe present a gift of a white-tailed deer for the 346th annual Tax Tribute Ceremony at the Executive Mansion in Richmond in November 2023. Photo by Ben Swensen.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-300x225.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/PXL_20231122_160803961.MP_-1024x768.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/virginias-native-americans-were-caught-in-the-crossfire-of-the-revolution/" rel="bookmark">Virginia’s Native Americans were caught in the crossfire of the revolution</a></h3> <p>Eastern tribes sided with American patriots while Western tribes backed the British. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-03-12T12:59:00">March 12, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-03-14T21:16:32-04:00">March 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="69899" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/dispatch-from-1766-in-tappahannock-the-stamp-act-prompts-threats-of-violence/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1766: In Tappahannock, the Stamp Act prompts threats of violence" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="69904" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/dispatch-from-1766-in-tappahannock-the-stamp-act-prompts-threats-of-violence/repeal_of_the_stamp_act/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act.jpg" data-orig-size="886,630" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>A newspaper cartoon depicting the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766. The coffin is carried by George Grenville, who is followed by Bute, the Duke of Bedford, Temple, Halifax, Sandwich, and two bishops. Courtesy of Library of Congress.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act-300x213.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Repeal_of_the_Stamp_Act.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/03/12/dispatch-from-1766-in-tappahannock-the-stamp-act-prompts-threats-of-violence/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1766: In Tappahannock, the Stamp Act prompts threats of violence</a></h3> <p>Some 400 men marched in military fashion through the town to the home of a prominent merchant who had vowed to uphold the act. The men threatened to strip him shirtless, tie him to a cart and put him on public display.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-03-12T12:58:00">March 12, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-02-15T23:18:37-05:00">February 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="63349" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/daniel-morgans-temper-brought-him-499-lashes-from-the-british-he-repaid-them-with-american-victories/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Daniel Morgan’s temper brought him 499 lashes from the British. He repaid them with American victories." data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="69881" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/daniel-morgans-temper-brought-him-499-lashes-from-the-british-he-repaid-them-with-american-victories/img_9677/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1707" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"4","credit":"","camera":"Canon EOS REBEL T3","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1700579048","copyright":"","focal_length":"28","iso":"800","shutter_speed":"0.016666666666667","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="daniel morgan hosue owners" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Daniel Morgan looks on as Jeanne and George Schember pose in front of one of the 10 fireplaces in their home. Photo by Eric Gorton.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/IMG_9677-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/daniel-morgans-temper-brought-him-499-lashes-from-the-british-he-repaid-them-with-american-victories/" rel="bookmark">Daniel Morgan’s temper brought him 499 lashes from the British. He repaid them with American victories.</a></h3> <p>South Carolina once tried to move his body, claiming Winchester didn’t respect his resting place. Now it does. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-02-13T13:00:00">February 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-02-13T13:47:33-05:00">February 13, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="62526" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/colonial-women-fought-the-british-economically/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Colonial women fought the British economically" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="69874" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/colonial-women-fought-the-british-economically/d2022-bcn-1212-093_large-jpg/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1707" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Katharine Pittman" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Visitors to The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation attend a program with Martha Washington, portrayed by Katharine Pittman. Photo by Brain Newson, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/D2022-BCN-1212-093_Large-JPG-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/colonial-women-fought-the-british-economically/" rel="bookmark">Colonial women fought the British economically</a></h3> <p>Men got the political attention but women, both free and enslaved, did the hard work of boycotting British goods and producing their own. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-02-13T12:59:00">February 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-02-08T21:53:49-05:00">February 8, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="70533" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/dispatch-from-1765-stamp-act-protest-prompts-house-speaker-to-accuse-new-legislator-patrick-henry-of-treason/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Patrick_henry_square-600x450.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1765: Stamp Act protest prompts House speaker to accuse new legislator Patrick Henry of treason" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Patrick_henry_square-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Patrick_henry_square-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Patrick_henry_square-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="70539" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/dispatch-from-1765-stamp-act-protest-prompts-house-speaker-to-accuse-new-legislator-patrick-henry-of-treason/imacon-color-scanner/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Patrick_henry_square.jpg" data-orig-size="610,611" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"Imacon Color Scanner","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"Imacon Color Scanner","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Patrick Henry" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Portrait of Patrick Henry. George Bagby Matthews (1857-1943), after Thomas Sully (1783-1872). Courtesy of U.S. Senate.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Patrick_henry_square-300x300.jpg?crop=1" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Patrick_henry_square.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/02/13/dispatch-from-1765-stamp-act-protest-prompts-house-speaker-to-accuse-new-legislator-patrick-henry-of-treason/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1765: Stamp Act protest prompts House speaker to accuse new legislator Patrick Henry of treason</a></h3> <p>The newly elected Henry took advantage of light attendance to get the House of Burgesses on record against the Stamp Act. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-02-13T12:57:00">February 13, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-10-13T22:59:09-04:00">October 13, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="64251" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/one-enslaved-naval-officer-won-his-freedom-after-fighting-in-the-war-for-independence/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Portrait-of-a-Black-Sailor-cropped-600x450.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="One enslaved naval officer won his freedom after fighting in the ‘War for Independence’" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Portrait-of-a-Black-Sailor-cropped-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Portrait-of-a-Black-Sailor-cropped-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Portrait-of-a-Black-Sailor-cropped-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="65253" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/one-enslaved-naval-officer-won-his-freedom-after-fighting-in-the-war-for-independence/1-portrait-of-a-black-sailor-cropped/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Portrait-of-a-Black-Sailor-cropped.jpg" data-orig-size="704,724" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="1) Portrait of a Black Sailor (cropped)" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>“Portrait of a Black Sailor,” circa 1800 by an unidentified artist. Public domain. </p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Portrait-of-a-Black-Sailor-cropped-292x300.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/1-Portrait-of-a-Black-Sailor-cropped.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/one-enslaved-naval-officer-won-his-freedom-after-fighting-in-the-war-for-independence/" rel="bookmark">One enslaved naval officer won his freedom after fighting in the ‘War for Independence’</a></h3> <p>Enslaved Virginians served in the state’s tiny navy. Many won their freedom.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-01-16T11:07:00">January 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-01-16T11:08:05-05:00">January 16, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="60982" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/woody-holtons-revolutionary-life-and-history/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Woody Holton’s revolutionary life and history" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-300x225.jpg 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-1536x1151.jpg 1536w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-2048x1535.jpg 2048w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-1568x1175.jpg 1568w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-706x529.jpg 706w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="61443" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/woody-holtons-revolutionary-life-and-history/woody-h-photo/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo.jpg" data-orig-size="2452,1838" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"3.2","credit":"","camera":"DSC-H5","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1378752137","copyright":"","focal_length":"7.8","iso":"125","shutter_speed":"0.02","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="Woody H photo" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Woody Holton. Photograph by Tony MacLawhorn/Courtesy of Simon & Schuster.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-300x225.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Woody-H-photo-1024x768.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/woody-holtons-revolutionary-life-and-history/" rel="bookmark">Woody Holton’s revolutionary life and history</a></h3> <p>The Roanoke-born son of the former governor is now a historian and prize-winning author of books about the American Revolution.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-01-16T11:05:00">January 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-01-16T11:07:28-05:00">January 16, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="65597" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/dispatch-from-1765-augusta-county-mob-murders-cherokees-defies-royal-authorities/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Three_Cherokee-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1765: Augusta County mob murders Cherokees, defies royal authorities" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Three_Cherokee-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Three_Cherokee-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Three_Cherokee-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Three_Cherokee-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="65600" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/dispatch-from-1765-augusta-county-mob-murders-cherokees-defies-royal-authorities/three_cherokee/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Three_Cherokee.jpg" data-orig-size="963,768" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Three_Cherokee" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>In 1762, three Cherokee chiefs visited London. From left: Outacite, Austenaco and Uschesees. Drawing by Henry Timberlake. Public domain.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Three_Cherokee-300x239.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Three_Cherokee.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2024/01/16/dispatch-from-1765-augusta-county-mob-murders-cherokees-defies-royal-authorities/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1765: Augusta County mob murders Cherokees, defies royal authorities</a></h3> <p>The slaughter, and the subsequent uprising against the colonial officials who tried to punish the killers, reflects how unpopular the king’s prohibition against western settlement is in Virginia. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-01-16T11:04:00">January 16, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-01-16T11:06:49-05:00">January 16, 2024</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="60313" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/a-time-to-pray-and-a-time-to-fight/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-Muhlenberg-statue_cropped-600x450.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="‘A time to pray and a time to fight’" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-Muhlenberg-statue_cropped-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-Muhlenberg-statue_cropped-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-Muhlenberg-statue_cropped-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="60698" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/a-time-to-pray-and-a-time-to-fight/2-muhlenberg-statue_cropped/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-Muhlenberg-statue_cropped.jpg" data-orig-size="737,609" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"8","credit":"","camera":"Canon EOS REBEL T3","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1700834865","copyright":"","focal_length":"18","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.00625","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="2) Muhlenberg statue_cropped" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The Peter Muhlenberg statue in Woodstock, Photo by Randy Walker. </p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-Muhlenberg-statue_cropped-300x248.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/2-Muhlenberg-statue_cropped.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/a-time-to-pray-and-a-time-to-fight/" rel="bookmark">‘A time to pray and a time to fight’</a></h3> <p>One of the most stirring speeches of the revolution was given in Woodstock, and might have been delivered in German. That is, if it happened at all. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-12-12T13:30:00">December 12, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-12-13T10:04:05-05:00">December 13, 2023</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="61028" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/colonial-virginia-was-divided-in-many-ways-food-was-the-great-uniter/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Colonial Virginia was divided in many ways. Food was the great uniter." data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="61812" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/colonial-virginia-was-divided-in-many-ways-food-was-the-great-uniter/d2023-bes-0818-0030_large-jpg/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-scaled.jpg" data-orig-size="2560,1708" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large JPG" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The Historic Foodways staff work in the Governor’s Palace Kitchen. Pictured (from left) are: Master Frank Clark, Apprentice Dominek Marsh, Apprentice Abbey Shoaf and Journeywoman Barbara Scherer. Photo by Brendan Sostak. Courtesy of Colonial Williamsburg.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-300x200.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/D2023-BES-0818-0030_Large-JPG-1024x683.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/colonial-virginia-was-divided-in-many-ways-food-was-the-great-uniter/" rel="bookmark">Colonial Virginia was divided in many ways. Food was the great uniter.</a></h3> <p>Colonists relied on a lot of Native American methods for preparing food. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-12-12T13:25:00">December 12, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-12-12T15:31:42-05:00">December 12, 2023</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="61254" class="tag-cardinal-news-app category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/dispatch-from-1763-despite-cries-of-treason-hanover-county-jury-delivers-rebuke-to-the-church-and-the-crown/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Parsons_Cause_by_Cooke-600x450.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1763: Despite cries of ‘treason!’ Hanover County jury delivers rebuke to the church — and the crown" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Parsons_Cause_by_Cooke-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Parsons_Cause_by_Cooke-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Parsons_Cause_by_Cooke-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="61256" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/dispatch-from-1763-despite-cries-of-treason-hanover-county-jury-delivers-rebuke-to-the-church-and-the-crown/s_cause_by_cooke/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Parsons_Cause_by_Cooke.jpg" data-orig-size="725,589" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="‘s_Cause_by_Cooke" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Patrick Henry arguing the “Parson’s Cause” by George Cooke, circa 1834. Public domain. Original in the collection of the Virginia Historical Society.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Parsons_Cause_by_Cooke-300x244.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Parsons_Cause_by_Cooke.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/12/12/dispatch-from-1763-despite-cries-of-treason-hanover-county-jury-delivers-rebuke-to-the-church-and-the-crown/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1763: Despite cries of ‘treason!’ Hanover County jury delivers rebuke to the church — and the crown</a></h3> <p>A young attorney named Patrick Henry has burst onto the scene in a dramatic way by suggesting that King George III might be a tyrant. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-12-12T13:20:00">December 12, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-12-11T18:55:14-05:00">December 11, 2023</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="57861" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/11/14/proclamation-line-of-1763-became-a-focus-of-anti-british-resentment-in-virginia/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1-Eastern-Continental-Divide-pic-by-town-of-Blacksburg-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="Proclamation Line of 1763 became a focus of anti-British resentment in Virginia" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1-Eastern-Continental-Divide-pic-by-town-of-Blacksburg-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1-Eastern-Continental-Divide-pic-by-town-of-Blacksburg-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1-Eastern-Continental-Divide-pic-by-town-of-Blacksburg-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1-Eastern-Continental-Divide-pic-by-town-of-Blacksburg-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="57862" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/11/14/proclamation-line-of-1763-became-a-focus-of-anti-british-resentment-in-virginia/1-eastern-continental-divide-pic-by-town-of-blacksburg/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1-Eastern-Continental-Divide-pic-by-town-of-Blacksburg.jpg" data-orig-size="1093,726" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"5.6","credit":"","camera":"NIKON D90","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1492007456","copyright":"","focal_length":"24","iso":"200","shutter_speed":"0.003125","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="1) Eastern Continental Divide pic by town of Blacksburg" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>The town of Blacksburg marks the Proclamation Line of 1763 and the Eastern Continental Divide with this sign at the corner of Sunset Boulevard and South Main Street and blue line painted across South Main. Town of Blacksburg photo.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1-Eastern-Continental-Divide-pic-by-town-of-Blacksburg-300x199.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1-Eastern-Continental-Divide-pic-by-town-of-Blacksburg-1024x680.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/11/14/proclamation-line-of-1763-became-a-focus-of-anti-british-resentment-in-virginia/" rel="bookmark">Proclamation Line of 1763 became a focus of anti-British resentment in Virginia</a></h3> <p>After the French and Indian War, King George III drew a line along the Appalachians and forbade settlement west of that. This became one of the sparks that lit the fuse for American independence.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-11-14T11:01:00">November 14, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-11-14T21:30:25-05:00">November 14, 2023</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="58225" class="category-cardinal-news-250 type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/11/14/dispatch-from-1763-kings-proclamation-has-united-often-opposing-factions-in-virginia/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="600" height="450" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1763_north_america-600x450.png?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate size-newspack-article-block-landscape-intermediate wp-post-image" alt="Dispatch from 1763: King’s proclamation has united often opposing factions in Virginia" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1763_north_america-600x450.png?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1763_north_america-400x300.png?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1763_north_america-200x150.png?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="58233" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/11/14/dispatch-from-1763-kings-proclamation-has-united-often-opposing-factions-in-virginia/1763_north_america/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1763_north_america.png" data-orig-size="787,600" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="1763_north_america" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Where the British and Spanish gained territory after the Seven Years’ War, the North American part of which was called the French and Indian War. Courtesy of AlexiusHoratius.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1763_north_america-300x229.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/1763_north_america.png" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/11/14/dispatch-from-1763-kings-proclamation-has-united-often-opposing-factions-in-virginia/" rel="bookmark">Dispatch from 1763: King’s proclamation has united often opposing factions in Virginia</a></h3> <p>Here’s what political commentary on the Proclamation of 1763 might have sounded like. </p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-11-14T11:00:00">November 14, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-11-14T16:21:52-05:00">November 14, 2023</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="56134" class="category-cardinal-news-250 category-opinion type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/10/13/the-only-way-to-convince-people-that-this-is-everybodys-story-is-to-tell-the-whole-story/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="800" height="600" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/CarlyFiorina-800x600.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium size-newspack-article-block-landscape-medium wp-post-image" alt="‘The only way to convince people that this is everybody’s story is to tell the whole story’" data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/CarlyFiorina-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/CarlyFiorina-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/CarlyFiorina-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/CarlyFiorina-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="56135" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/10/13/the-only-way-to-convince-people-that-this-is-everybodys-story-is-to-tell-the-whole-story/carlyfiorina/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/CarlyFiorina.jpg" data-orig-size="800,800" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="CarlyFiorina" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Carly Fiorina. Courtesy of the Virginia American Revolution 250 Commission.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/CarlyFiorina-300x300.jpg?crop=1" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/CarlyFiorina.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/10/13/the-only-way-to-convince-people-that-this-is-everybodys-story-is-to-tell-the-whole-story/" rel="bookmark">‘The only way to convince people that this is everybody’s story is to tell the whole story’</a></h3> <p>Carly Fiorina, the former Hewlett-Packard CEO, is honorary chair of Virginia’s commission that is planning celebrations of the 250th anniversary of the nation’s birth.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-10-13T04:10:00">October 13, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-11-01T15:54:39-04:00">November 1, 2023</time> </div> </div> </article> <article data-post-id="51530" class="category-cardinal-news-250 category-opinion type-post post-has-image" > <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/08/16/get-ready-for-the-nations-250th-birthday-del-austin-leads-the-planning/" rel="bookmark" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"> <img decoding="async" width="1200" height="900" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2-1200x900.jpg?crop=1" class="attachment-newspack-article-block-landscape-large size-newspack-article-block-landscape-large wp-post-image" alt="Get ready for the nation’s 250th birthday. Del. Austin leads the planning in Virginia." data-hero-candidate="1" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2-1200x900.jpg?crop=1 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2-800x600.jpg?crop=1 800w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2-600x450.jpg?crop=1 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2-400x300.jpg?crop=1 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2-200x150.jpg?crop=1 200w" sizes="(min-width: 782px) 400px, (min-width: 600px) 42.5vw, 90vw" data-attachment-id="51531" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/08/16/get-ready-for-the-nations-250th-birthday-del-austin-leads-the-planning/terry_austin2/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2.jpg" data-orig-size="2340,1873" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"1.8","credit":"","camera":"SM-S901U","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1691669937","copyright":"","focal_length":"5.4","iso":"100","shutter_speed":"0.0055555555555556","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="terry_austin2" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Del. Terrry Austin, R-Botetourt County, at his office in Buchanan. Photo by Dwayne Yancey.</p> " data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2-300x240.jpg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/terry_austin2-1024x820.jpg" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/2023/08/16/get-ready-for-the-nations-250th-birthday-del-austin-leads-the-planning/" rel="bookmark">Get ready for the nation’s 250th birthday. Del. Austin leads the planning in Virginia.</a></h3> <p>2026 marks the nation’s semiquincentennial. Virginia already has a commission putting together events.</p> <div class="entry-meta"> <time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-08-16T04:10:00">August 16, 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-11-01T15:55:49-04:00">November 1, 2023</time> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-would-you-like-to-support-cardinal-news">Would you like to support Cardinal News?</h2><div class="tiered wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate wpbnbd wpbnbd--frequency-based wpbnbd--platform-wc is-style-default wpbnbd-frequencies--3 " id="673db0e42fd49" > <form> <input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/cardinal-news-250-2/" /> <input type='hidden' name='newspack_donate' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='after_success_behavior' value='' /> <input type='hidden' name='after_success_button_label' value='Continue browsing' /> <input type='hidden' name='after_success_url' value='' /> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__options'> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__frequencies frequencies'> <div role='tablist' class='tab-container'> <button role='tab' type='button' aria-controls='tab-panel-once-69109' class="wpbnbd__button freq-label" data-tab-id="once-69109" id="tab-newspack-donate-once-69109" aria-selected='false' > One-time </button> <button role='tab' type='button' aria-controls='tab-panel-month-69109' class="wpbnbd__button freq-label wpbnbd__button--active" data-tab-id="month-69109" id="tab-newspack-donate-month-69109" aria-selected='true' > Monthly </button> <button role='tab' type='button' aria-controls='tab-panel-year-69109' class="wpbnbd__button freq-label" data-tab-id="year-69109" id="tab-newspack-donate-year-69109" aria-selected='false' > Annually </button> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__frequency frequency' id='tab-panel-once-69109' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-newspack-donate-once-69109' > <input type='radio' value='once' id='newspack-donate-once-69109' name="donation_frequency" /> <label for='newspack-donate-once-69109'> One-time </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tiers tiers'> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_once' value='150' id='newspack-tier-once-69109-0' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-once-69109-0' > $150 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_once' value='200' id='newspack-tier-once-69109-1' checked='checked' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-once-69109-1' > $200 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_once' value='500' id='newspack-tier-once-69109-2' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-once-69109-2' > $500 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' class='other-input' name='donation_value_once' value='other' id='newspack-tier-once-69109-other' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-once-69109-other' > Other </label> <label class='odl' for='newspack-tier-once-69109-other-input' > Donation amount </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__money-input money-input'> <span class='currency'> $ </span> <input type='number' min='5' name='donation_value_once_other' id='newspack-tier-once-69109-other-input' /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__frequency frequency' id='tab-panel-month-69109' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-newspack-donate-month-69109' > <input type='radio' value='month' id='newspack-donate-month-69109' name="donation_frequency" checked='checked' /> <label for='newspack-donate-month-69109'> Monthly </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tiers tiers'> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_month' value='15' id='newspack-tier-month-69109-0' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-month-69109-0' > $15 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_month' value='20' id='newspack-tier-month-69109-1' checked='checked' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-month-69109-1' > $20 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_month' value='50' id='newspack-tier-month-69109-2' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-month-69109-2' > $50 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' class='other-input' name='donation_value_month' value='other' id='newspack-tier-month-69109-other' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-month-69109-other' > Other </label> <label class='odl' for='newspack-tier-month-69109-other-input' > Donation amount </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__money-input money-input'> <span class='currency'> $ </span> <input type='number' min='5' name='donation_value_month_other' id='newspack-tier-month-69109-other-input' /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__frequency frequency' id='tab-panel-year-69109' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-newspack-donate-year-69109' > <input type='radio' value='year' id='newspack-donate-year-69109' name="donation_frequency" /> <label for='newspack-donate-year-69109'> Annually </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tiers tiers'> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_year' value='150' id='newspack-tier-year-69109-0' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-year-69109-0' > $150 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_year' value='200' id='newspack-tier-year-69109-1' checked='checked' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-year-69109-1' > $200 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_year' value='500' id='newspack-tier-year-69109-2' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-year-69109-2' > $500 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' class='other-input' name='donation_value_year' value='other' id='newspack-tier-year-69109-other' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-year-69109-other' > Other </label> <label class='odl' for='newspack-tier-year-69109-other-input' > Donation amount </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__money-input money-input'> <span class='currency'> $ </span> <input type='number' min='5' name='donation_value_year_other' id='newspack-tier-year-69109-other-input' /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__thanks thanks'> Your contribution is appreciated. </p> <button type='submit' style="border-color: #dd3333; background-color: #dd3333; color: white;"> Donate Now </button> </form> </div><aside> <div class="newspack-popup-container newspack-popup hidden newspack-inline-popup newspack-lightbox-no-border is-style-alternate" role="button" tabindex="0" style="background-color:#b72020;color:#fff" id="id_51614" data-segments="" data-frequency="0,0,0,month" > <h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-enjoying-our-free-stories" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)"><strong>Enjoying our free stories?</strong></h3><p style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)">Cardinal News is paywall-free thanks to reader donations. Your financial support makes it possible for everyone to stay informed while providing a voice for your community.</p><p style="padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)">Become a member today!</p><div class="tiered wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate wpbnbd wpbnbd--frequency-based wpbnbd--platform-wc is-style-alternate wpbnbd-frequencies--3 " id="673db0e4333cb" > <form> <input name="newspack_popup_id" type="hidden" value="51614" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wp_http_referer" value="/cardinal-news-250-2/" /> <input type='hidden' name='newspack_donate' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='after_success_behavior' value='' /> <input type='hidden' name='after_success_button_label' value='Continue browsing' /> <input type='hidden' name='after_success_url' value='' /> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__options'> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__frequencies frequencies'> <div role='tablist' class='tab-container'> <button role='tab' type='button' aria-controls='tab-panel-once-52886' class="wpbnbd__button freq-label" data-tab-id="once-52886" id="tab-newspack-donate-once-52886" aria-selected='false' > One-time </button> <button role='tab' type='button' aria-controls='tab-panel-month-52886' class="wpbnbd__button freq-label wpbnbd__button--active" data-tab-id="month-52886" id="tab-newspack-donate-month-52886" aria-selected='true' > Monthly </button> <button role='tab' type='button' aria-controls='tab-panel-year-52886' class="wpbnbd__button freq-label" data-tab-id="year-52886" id="tab-newspack-donate-year-52886" aria-selected='false' > Annually </button> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__frequency frequency' id='tab-panel-once-52886' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-newspack-donate-once-52886' > <input type='radio' value='once' id='newspack-donate-once-52886' name="donation_frequency" /> <label for='newspack-donate-once-52886'> One-time </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tiers tiers'> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_once' value='120' id='newspack-tier-once-52886-0' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-once-52886-0' > $120 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_once' value='250' id='newspack-tier-once-52886-1' checked='checked' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-once-52886-1' > $250 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_once' value='500' id='newspack-tier-once-52886-2' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-once-52886-2' > $500 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' class='other-input' name='donation_value_once' value='other' id='newspack-tier-once-52886-other' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-once-52886-other' > Other </label> <label class='odl' for='newspack-tier-once-52886-other-input' > Donation amount </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__money-input money-input'> <span class='currency'> $ </span> <input type='number' min='5' name='donation_value_once_other' id='newspack-tier-once-52886-other-input' /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__frequency frequency' id='tab-panel-month-52886' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-newspack-donate-month-52886' > <input type='radio' value='month' id='newspack-donate-month-52886' name="donation_frequency" checked='checked' /> <label for='newspack-donate-month-52886'> Monthly </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tiers tiers'> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_month' value='10' id='newspack-tier-month-52886-0' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-month-52886-0' > $10 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_month' value='20' id='newspack-tier-month-52886-1' checked='checked' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-month-52886-1' > $20 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_month' value='50' id='newspack-tier-month-52886-2' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-month-52886-2' > $50 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' class='other-input' name='donation_value_month' value='other' id='newspack-tier-month-52886-other' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-month-52886-other' > Other </label> <label class='odl' for='newspack-tier-month-52886-other-input' > Donation amount </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__money-input money-input'> <span class='currency'> $ </span> <input type='number' min='5' name='donation_value_month_other' id='newspack-tier-month-52886-other-input' /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__frequency frequency' id='tab-panel-year-52886' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-newspack-donate-year-52886' > <input type='radio' value='year' id='newspack-donate-year-52886' name="donation_frequency" /> <label for='newspack-donate-year-52886'> Annually </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tiers tiers'> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_year' value='120' id='newspack-tier-year-52886-0' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-year-52886-0' > $120 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_year' value='200' id='newspack-tier-year-52886-1' checked='checked' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-year-52886-1' > $200 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' name='donation_value_year' value='500' id='newspack-tier-year-52886-2' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-year-52886-2' > $500 </label> </div> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__tier'> <input type='radio' class='other-input' name='donation_value_year' value='other' id='newspack-tier-year-52886-other' /> <label class='tier-select-label tier-label' for='newspack-tier-year-52886-other' > Other </label> <label class='odl' for='newspack-tier-year-52886-other-input' > Donation amount </label> <div class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__money-input money-input'> <span class='currency'> $ </span> <input type='number' min='5' name='donation_value_year_other' id='newspack-tier-year-52886-other-input' /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p class='wp-block-newspack-blocks-donate__thanks thanks'> <strong>Help our stories remain free for everyone!</strong> </p> <button type='submit' style="border-color: #ffd24c; background-color: #ffd24c; color: black;"> Donate Now </button> </form> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </article> </div> <aside id="secondary" class="widget-area"> <section id="bs_zones-2" class="widget bs_zones"><div><broadstreet-zone place="" zone-id="163128" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,is_article_page,cardinal-news-250-2,page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias=""></broadstreet-zone></div></section><section id="bs_zones-3" class="widget bs_zones"><div><broadstreet-zone place="" zone-id="163146" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,is_article_page,cardinal-news-250-2,page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias=""></broadstreet-zone></div></section><section id="text-6" class="widget widget_text"><h2 class="widget-title accent-header"><span>Cardinal News obituaries</span></h2> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/local-obituaries/"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-33811 alignleft" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/CardinalNews_logo.png" alt="" width="81" height="81" /></a>Find timely obituary information <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/local-obituaries/">from all across our region.</a></p> </div> </section><section id="text-3" class="extendedwopts-hide extendedwopts-mobile widget widget_text"><h2 class="widget-title accent-header"><span>Don’t miss out on all the best our region has to offer</span></h2> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/"><img decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-48551 " src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-300x200.jpeg" alt="" width="285" height="190" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-300x200.jpeg 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-1536x1025.jpeg 1536w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-1200x800.jpeg 1200w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-600x400.jpeg 600w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-1568x1046.jpeg 1568w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-400x267.jpeg 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454-706x471.jpeg 706w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/0L0A2454.jpeg 1619w" sizes="(max-width: 285px) 100vw, 285px" /></a></p> <p>Fairs and festivals, outdoor concerts, local markets and group hikes — don’t miss out on everything happening in your own backyard.</p> <p>Sign up for The Weekend newsletter and get a list of upcoming events in your inbox every Thursday. <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sign-up-for-updates/" rel="noopener">Sign up to join the fun.</a></p> </div> </section></aside> </main> </section> <div class="above-footer-widgets"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="text-10" class="above-footer widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"><p>This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google <a href="https://policies.google.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a> and <a href="https://policies.google.com/terms">Terms of Service</a> apply.</p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer"> <div class="footer-branding"> <div class="wrapper"> <a class="footer-logo-link" href="https://cardinalnews.org/" rel="home"> <img width="400" height="54" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer-400x54.png" class="footer-logo" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer-400x54.png 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer-300x40.png 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer-768x103.png 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer-706x95.png 706w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer.png 930w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" data-attachment-id="897" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/cardinal-news-sm-footer/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer.png" data-orig-size="930,125" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Cardinal-News-sm-footer" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer-300x40.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Cardinal-News-sm-footer.png" /> </a> <nav class="social-navigation" aria-label="Social Links Menu"> <ul id="menu-social-links-menu-1" class="social-links-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1213"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/cardinalnewsva/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1214"><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/cardinalnewsva"><span class="screen-reader-text">Twitter</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M22.23,5.924c-0.736,0.326-1.527,0.547-2.357,0.646c0.847-0.508,1.498-1.312,1.804-2.27 c-0.793,0.47-1.671,0.812-2.606,0.996C18.324,4.498,17.257,4,16.077,4c-2.266,0-4.103,1.837-4.103,4.103 c0,0.322,0.036,0.635,0.106,0.935C8.67,8.867,5.647,7.234,3.623,4.751C3.27,5.357,3.067,6.062,3.067,6.814 c0,1.424,0.724,2.679,1.825,3.415c-0.673-0.021-1.305-0.206-1.859-0.513c0,0.017,0,0.034,0,0.052c0,1.988,1.414,3.647,3.292,4.023 c-0.344,0.094-0.707,0.144-1.081,0.144c-0.264,0-0.521-0.026-0.772-0.074c0.522,1.63,2.038,2.816,3.833,2.85 c-1.404,1.1-3.174,1.756-5.096,1.756c-0.331,0-0.658-0.019-0.979-0.057c1.816,1.164,3.973,1.843,6.29,1.843 c7.547,0,11.675-6.252,11.675-11.675c0-0.178-0.004-0.355-0.012-0.531C20.985,7.47,21.68,6.747,22.23,5.924z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-36197"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/cardinalnewsva/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-36198"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/cardinal-news/"><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M19.7,3H4.3C3.582,3,3,3.582,3,4.3v15.4C3,20.418,3.582,21,4.3,21h15.4c0.718,0,1.3-0.582,1.3-1.3V4.3 C21,3.582,20.418,3,19.7,3z M8.339,18.338H5.667v-8.59h2.672V18.338z M7.004,8.574c-0.857,0-1.549-0.694-1.549-1.548 c0-0.855,0.691-1.548,1.549-1.548c0.854,0,1.547,0.694,1.547,1.548C8.551,7.881,7.858,8.574,7.004,8.574z M18.339,18.338h-2.669 v-4.177c0-0.996-0.017-2.278-1.387-2.278c-1.389,0-1.601,1.086-1.601,2.206v4.249h-2.667v-8.59h2.559v1.174h0.037 c0.356-0.675,1.227-1.387,2.526-1.387c2.703,0,3.203,1.779,3.203,4.092V18.338z"></path></svg></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <aside class="widget-area footer-widgets" role="complementary" aria-label="Footer"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="nav_menu-3" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title">Topics</h2><div class="menu-footer-sections-container"><ul id="menu-footer-sections" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-1220" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1220"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/politics/">Politics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1222" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1222"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/economy/">Economy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1221" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1221"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/opinion/">Opinion</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1223" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1223"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/culture/">Culture</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85356" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-85356"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/health-care/">Health Care</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85359" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-85359"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/weather/">Weather</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85360" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-85360"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/education/">Education</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85357" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-85357"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/sports/">Sports</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85358" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-85358"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/cardinal-news-250/">Cardinal News 250</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1224" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-1224"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/category/news-briefs/">News Briefs</a></li> </ul></div></section><section id="nav_menu-4" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title">About Cardinal News</h2><div class="menu-secondary-container"><ul id="menu-secondary-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-85348"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/about-us/">About us</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1216"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/staff-and-board/">Staff and board</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1217"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/how-were-funded/">How we’re funded</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy menu-item-2040"><a rel="privacy-policy" href="https://cardinalnews.org/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1218"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/frequently-asked-questions/">FAQs</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1225"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/contact-us/">Connect with us</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-30015"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/join-our-team/">Careers</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-85483"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6720"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/my-account/">My account</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-90629"><a href="https://cardinalnews.org/sponsor-a-newsletter/">Sponsorships</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></div></section> </div> </aside> <div class="site-info"> <aside class="widget-area" role="complementary" aria-label="Below Footer"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="text-7" class="widget widget_text"><h2 class="widget-title">Members</h2> <div class="textwidget"><h2 class="widget-title">Cardinal News is</h2> <div class="textwidget"> <p>a proud member of the<br /> following organizations:</p> </div> </div> </section><section id="media_image-2" class="widget widget_media_image"><a href="https://inn.org/"><img width="142" height="92" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/inn-member-badge-1.jpeg" class="image wp-image-77956 attachment-full size-full" alt="" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="77956" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/about-us/inn-member-badge-1/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/inn-member-badge-1.jpeg" data-orig-size="142,92" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="inn-member-badge-1" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/inn-member-badge-1.jpeg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/inn-member-badge-1.jpeg" /></a></section><section id="media_image-3" class="widget widget_media_image"><a href="https://www.lionpublishers.com/"><img width="166" height="92" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621-300x166.png" class="image wp-image-82591 attachment-166x92 size-166x92" alt="LION Publishers logo" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621-300x166.png 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621-1024x567.png 1024w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621-768x426.png 768w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621-400x222.png 400w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621-706x391.png 706w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621.png 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 166px) 100vw, 166px" data-attachment-id="82591" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/lion_publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621.png" data-orig-size="1200,665" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621-300x166.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Lion_Publishers_logo-5-e1647549435621-1024x567.png" /></a></section><section id="media_image-4" class="widget widget_media_image"><a href="https://www.vpa.net/"><img width="300" height="70" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/unnamed-4-300x70.png" class="image wp-image-82592 attachment-medium size-medium" alt="VPA Virginia Press Association" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" srcset="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/unnamed-4-300x70.png 300w, https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/unnamed-4.png 360w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" data-attachment-id="82592" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/unnamed-4-5/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/unnamed-4.png" data-orig-size="360,84" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="unnamed (4)" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/unnamed-4-300x70.png" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/unnamed-4.png" /></a></section><section id="media_image-5" class="widget widget_media_image"><a href="https://ruralnewsnetwork.org/"><img width="1" height="1" src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/RNN-Logo-Primary-lt-bg.jpeg" class="image wp-image-85373 attachment-medium size-medium" alt="" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="85373" data-permalink="https://cardinalnews.org/20230228-rnn-final-logos/" data-orig-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/RNN-Logo-Primary-lt-bg.jpeg" data-orig-size="" data-comments-opened="0" data-image-meta="[]" data-image-title="20230228 RNN Final Logos" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/RNN-Logo-Primary-lt-bg.jpeg" data-large-file="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/RNN-Logo-Primary-lt-bg.jpeg" /></a></section> </div> </aside> <div class="wrapper site-info-contain"> <span class="copyright">© 2024 Cardinal News</span> <a target="_blank" href="https://newspack.com/" class="imprint"> Powered by Newspack </a> <a class="privacy-policy-link" href="https://cardinalnews.org/privacy-policy/" rel="privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script data-cfasync='false'>window.broadstreetKeywords = ['not_home_page','not_landing_page','is_article_page','cardinal-news-250-2','page'] window.broadstreetTargets = {"pagetype":["not_home_page"],"category":["cardinal-news-250-2","page"],"url":"cardinal-news-250-2"}; window.broadstreet = window.broadstreet || { run: [] };window.broadstreet.run.push(function () { window.broadstreet.loadNetworkJS(9266, {}); });</script><script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1">(function(){var lazy_load ={"active":true,"fetch_margin_percent":100,"render_margin_percent":0,"mobile_scaling":2};googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.pubads().enableLazyLoad({fetchMarginPercent: lazy_load.fetch_margin_percent,renderMarginPercent: lazy_load.render_margin_percent,mobileScaling: lazy_load.mobile_scaling});});})();</script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1">(function(){var ad_config ={"network_code":"22913930793","disable_initial_load":false};var all_ad_units = [];var common_targeting = [];var defined_ad_units ={};var boundsContainers ={};function inOrPastViewport(element){var bounding = element.getBoundingClientRect();return(bounding.right <=(window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth)&&bounding.bottom <=(window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight));}for(var container_id in all_ad_units){var ad_unit = all_ad_units[ container_id ];var container = document.querySelector('#' + container_id);if(! container){continue;}ad_unit.in_viewport = inOrPastViewport(container);container.ad_unit = ad_unit;var boundsWidth = 0;findContainer: for(var i = 0;i < ad_unit['bounds_selectors'].length;i++){var selector = ad_unit['bounds_selectors'][ i ];if(typeof boundsContainers[ selector ] === 'undefined'){boundsContainers[ selector ] = document.querySelectorAll(selector);}if(boundsContainers[ selector ].length){for(var j = 0;j < boundsContainers[ selector ].length;j++){var boundsContainer = boundsContainers[ selector ][ j ];if(boundsContainer.contains(container)){boundsWidth = boundsContainer.offsetWidth;break findContainer;}}}}var shouldUseBounds = !! boundsWidth;var availableWidth = window.innerWidth;if(shouldUseBounds){var containerWidth = container.parentNode.offsetWidth;availableWidth = Math.max(boundsWidth,containerWidth)+ parseInt(ad_unit['bounds_bleed']);for(viewportWidth in ad_unit['size_map']){var width = parseInt(viewportWidth);if(shouldUseBounds&&width > availableWidth){delete ad_unit['size_map'][ viewportWidth ];}}}if(ad_unit.fixed_height.active){var height = 'auto';var prop = 'height';if(ad_unit.in_viewport){for(viewportWidth in ad_unit.size_map){if(viewportWidth < availableWidth){height = 0;for(size in ad_unit.size_map[ viewportWidth ]){height = Math.max(height,ad_unit.size_map[ viewportWidth ][ size ][1]);}}}if(ad_unit.fixed_height.use_max_height&&ad_unit.fixed_height.max_height < height){height = ad_unit.fixed_height.max_height;prop = 'min-height';}height = height + 'px';}container.parentNode.style[prop] = height;}}googletag.cmd.push(function(){for(var container_id in all_ad_units){var ad_unit = all_ad_units[ container_id ];var container = document.querySelector('#' + container_id);if(! container){continue;}var slotSizes = ad_unit['sizes'];if(ad_unit['fluid']){slotSizes = slotSizes.concat('fluid');}var codeParts = [ ad_config['network_code'] ];if(ad_unit.path&&ad_unit.path.length){codeParts = codeParts.concat(ad_unit.path.map(function(parent){return parent['code'];}));}codeParts.push(ad_unit['code']);var code = '/' + codeParts.join('/');defined_ad_units[ container_id ] = googletag.defineSlot(code,slotSizes,container_id).addService(googletag.pubads());for(var target_key in common_targeting){defined_ad_units[ container_id ].setTargeting(target_key,common_targeting[ target_key ]);}for(var target_key in ad_unit['targeting']){defined_ad_units[ container_id ].setTargeting(target_key,ad_unit['targeting'][ target_key ]);}var mapping = googletag.sizeMapping();var baseSizes = [];if(ad_unit['fluid']){baseSizes = baseSizes.concat('fluid');}for(viewportWidth in ad_unit['size_map']){var width = parseInt(viewportWidth);var mappedSizes = ad_unit['size_map'][ viewportWidth ];mapping.addSize([ width,0 ],baseSizes.concat(mappedSizes));}if(ad_unit['sticky']){mapping.addSize([600,0],baseSizes);var stickyContainer = container.parentNode;var stickyClose = stickyContainer.querySelector('button.newspack_sticky_ad__close');var initialBodyPadding = document.body.style.paddingBottom;if(stickyClose){stickyClose.addEventListener('click',function(){stickyContainer.parentNode.removeChild(stickyContainer);document.body.style.paddingBottom = initialBodyPadding;});}}mapping.addSize([0,0],baseSizes);defined_ad_units[ container_id ].defineSizeMapping(mapping.build());}if(ad_config['disable_initial_load']){googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad();}googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();googletag.enableServices();for(var container_id in defined_ad_units){googletag.display(container_id);}googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded',function(event){var container = document.getElementById(event.slot.getSlotElementId());if(! container){return;}var ad_unit = container.ad_unit;if(! ad_unit){return;}if(ad_unit.fixed_height.active&&container.parentNode.style.height === 'auto'&&event.size){container.parentNode.style.height = event.size[1] + 'px';event.slot.defineSizeMapping(googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([ 0,0 ],event.size).build());}if(event.isEmpty&&(ad_unit.sticky || ! ad_unit.fixed_height.active ||(ad_unit.fixed_height.active&&! ad_unit.in_viewport))){container.parentNode.style.display = 'none';}else{container.parentNode.style.display = 'flex';}var sizes = event.slot.getSizes();if((event.size === null || event.size[0] === 0)&&Array.isArray(sizes)&&sizes.indexOf('fluid')!== -1){if(container){var iframe = container.querySelector('iframe');if(iframe){iframe.style.width = '100%';}}}});googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded',function(event){var container = document.getElementById(event.slot.getSlotElementId());if(! container){return;}var ad_unit = container.ad_unit;if(! ad_unit || ! ad_unit.sticky){return;}if(! event.isEmpty&&document.body.clientWidth <= 600){stickyContainer.style.display = 'flex';document.body.style.paddingBottom = stickyContainer.clientHeight + 'px';}});(function(){var stickyAd = document.querySelector('.h-stk .stick-to-top:last-child');var siteHeader = document.querySelector('.h-stk .site-header');if(stickyAd&&siteHeader){stickyAd.style.top = 'calc(' + siteHeader.offsetHeight + 'px + 1rem)';}})();});})();</script> <script defer id="bilmur" data-provider="wpcloud" data-service="newspack" src="https://s0.wp.com/wp-content/js/bilmur.min.js?m=202447"></script> <div class="newspack-reader-auth newspack-reader__auth-form" data-labels="{"signin":"Sign In","register":"Sign Up"}"> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__wrapper"> <button class="newspack-reader__auth-form__close" data-close aria-label="Close Authentication Form"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/> </svg> </button> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__content"> <form method="post" target="_top"> <input type="hidden" name="reader-activation-auth-form" value="1" /> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="pwd" /> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__have-account"> <a href="#" data-action="pwd link" data-set-action="register">I don't have an account</a> <a href="#" data-action="register" data-set-action="pwd">I already have an account</a> </div> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__header"> <h2>Sign In</h2> </div> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__response"> <span class="newspack-reader__auth-form__response__icon" data-form-status="400"> <svg aria-hidden="true" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12 20.8C16.8 20.8 20.8 16.9 20.8 12C20.8 7.2 16.9 3.2 12 3.2C7.2 3.2 3.2 7.1 3.2 12C3.2 16.8 7.2 20.8 12 20.8V20.8ZM12 4.8C16 4.8 19.2 8.1 19.2 12C19.2 16 16 19.2 12 19.2C8 19.2 4.8 15.9 4.8 12C4.8 8 8 4.8 12 4.8ZM13 7H11V13H13L13 7ZM13 15H11V17H13V15Z" /></svg> </span> <span class="newspack-reader__auth-form__response__icon" data-form-status="200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M16.7 7.1l-6.3 8.5-3.3-2.5-.9 1.2 4.5 3.4L17.9 8z" /></svg> </span> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__response__content"> </div> </div> <p data-has-auth-link> We've recently sent you an authentication link. Please, check your inbox! </p> <p data-action="pwd"> Sign in with a password below, or <a href="#" data-set-action="link">sign in using your email</a>. </p> <p data-action="link"> Get a code sent to your email to sign in, or <a href="#" data-set-action="pwd">sign in using a password</a>. </p> <p data-action="otp"> Enter the code you received via email to sign in, or <a href="#" data-set-action="pwd">sign in using a password</a>. </p> <input type="hidden" name="redirect" value="" /> <div data-action="register"> <p>Subscribe to our newsletters:</p> <div class="newspack-reader__lists"> <ul> <li> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" name="lists[]" value="23" id="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-23" /> </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__details"> <label class="newspack-reader__lists__label" for="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-23"> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__title"> Cardinal 250 </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__description">Revisiting stories from our nation’s founding. Delivered monthly</span> </label> </span> </li> <li> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" name="lists[]" value="18" id="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-18" /> </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__details"> <label class="newspack-reader__lists__label" for="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-18"> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__title"> West of the Capital </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__description">A weekly round-up of politics, with a focus on our region, sent Fridays </span> </label> </span> </li> <li> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" name="lists[]" value="20" id="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-20" /> </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__details"> <label class="newspack-reader__lists__label" for="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-20"> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__title"> Your Weekend </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__description">Spread your wings this weekend with our go-to guide for celebrations, festivities, and other events happening in our region, delivered every Thursday at noon. </span> </label> </span> </li> <li> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" name="lists[]" value="7" id="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-7" /> </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__details"> <label class="newspack-reader__lists__label" for="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-7"> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__title"> The Roundup </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__description">A roundup of our most popular stories each week, sent Saturdays at 7 a.m.</span> </label> </span> </li> <li> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" name="lists[]" value="1" id="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-1" /> </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__details"> <label class="newspack-reader__lists__label" for="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-1"> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__title"> The Daily </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__description">Everything we publish, every weekday</span> </label> </span> </li> <li> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" name="lists[]" value="11" id="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-11" /> </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__details"> <label class="newspack-reader__lists__label" for="newspack-18523-list-checkbox-11"> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__title"> Cardinal Weather </span> <span class="newspack-reader__lists__description">In-depth weather news and analysis on our region, sent Wednesdays</span> </label> </span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="components-form__field" data-action="pwd link register"> <input name="npe" type="email" placeholder="Enter your email address" /> </div> <div class="components-form__field otp-field" data-action="otp"> <input name="otp_code" type="text" maxlength="6" placeholder="6-digit code" /> </div> <div class="components-form__field" data-action="pwd"> <input name="password" type="password" placeholder="Enter your password" /> </div> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__actions" data-action="pwd"> <div class="components-form__submit"> <button type="submit">Sign in</button> </div> <div class="components-form__help"> <p class="small"> <a href="#" data-set-action="link">Sign in with your email</a> </p> <p class="small"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/my-account/lost-password/">Lost your password?</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__actions" data-action="otp"> <div class="components-form__submit"> <button type="submit">Sign in</button> </div> <div class="components-form__help"> <p class="small"> <a href="#" data-set-action="link">Try a different email</a> </p> <p class="small"> <a href="#" data-set-action="link">Send another code</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__actions" data-action="link"> <div class="components-form__submit"> <button type="submit">Send authorization code</button> </div> <div class="components-form__help"> <p class="small"> <a href="#" data-set-action="pwd">Sign in with a password</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="newspack-reader__auth-form__actions" data-action="register"> <div class="components-form__submit"> <button type="submit">Sign up</button> </div> </div> <div class="newspack-reader__logins newspack-reader__logins--disabled"> <div class="newspack-reader__logins__separator"> <div></div> <div> OR </div> <div></div> </div> <button type="button" class="newspack-reader__logins__google"> <svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19.6 10.227C19.6 9.51801 19.536 8.83701 19.418 8.18201H10V12.05H15.382C15.2706 12.6619 15.0363 13.2448 14.6932 13.7635C14.3501 14.2822 13.9054 14.726 13.386 15.068V17.578H16.618C18.509 15.836 19.6 13.273 19.6 10.228V10.227Z" fill="#4285F4"/> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9.99996 20C12.7 20 14.964 19.105 16.618 17.577L13.386 15.068C12.491 15.668 11.346 16.023 9.99996 16.023C7.39496 16.023 5.18996 14.263 4.40496 11.9H1.06396V14.49C1.89597 16.1468 3.17234 17.5395 4.7504 18.5126C6.32846 19.4856 8.14603 20.0006 9.99996 20Z" fill="#34A853"/> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.405 11.9C4.205 11.3 4.091 10.66 4.091 10C4.091 9.34001 4.205 8.70001 4.405 8.10001V5.51001H1.064C0.364015 6.90321 -0.000359433 8.44084 2.66054e-07 10C2.66054e-07 11.614 0.386 13.14 1.064 14.49L4.404 11.9H4.405Z" fill="#FBBC05"/> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9.99996 3.977C11.468 3.977 12.786 4.482 13.823 5.473L16.691 2.605C14.959 0.99 12.695 0 9.99996 0C6.08996 0 2.70996 2.24 1.06396 5.51L4.40396 8.1C5.19196 5.736 7.39596 3.977 9.99996 3.977Z" fill="#EA4335"/> </svg> <span> Sign in with Google </span> </button> </div> <p class="newspack-reader__auth-form__terms-text"> <a href="https://cardinalnews.org/privacy-policy/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> Read our privacy policy and terms of service about what information we collect. </a> </p> </form> </div> </div> </div> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display: none;" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=390691409282265&ev=PageView&noscript=1&cd%5Bpage_title%5D=Cardinal+News+250&cd%5Buser_role%5D=guest&cd%5Bevent_url%5D=https%3A%2F%2Fcardinalnews.org%2Fcardinal-news-250-2&cd%5Bpost_type%5D=page&cd%5Bpost_id%5D=97617"></noscript><noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display: none;" src="//t.co/i/adsct?txn_id=o6qj2&p_id=Twitter"></noscript><script> (function(e,t,o,n,p,r,i){e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias=n;e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias]=e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias]||function(){(e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].q=e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].q||[]).push(arguments)};e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].l=(new Date).getTime();r=t.createElement("script");r.src=o;r.async=true;i=t.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];i.parentNode.insertBefore(r,i)})(window,document,"https://diffuser-cdn.app-us1.com/diffuser/diffuser.js","vgo"); vgo('setAccount', '800608051'); vgo('setTrackByDefault', true); vgo('process'); </script> <div class="jetpack-instant-search__widget-area" style="display: none"> </div> <div id="jp-carousel-loading-overlay"> <div id="jp-carousel-loading-wrapper"> <span id="jp-carousel-library-loading"> </span> </div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-overlay" style="display: none;"> <div class="jp-carousel-container">  <div class="jp-carousel-wrap swiper-container jp-carousel-swiper-container jp-carousel-transitions" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageGallery"> <div class="jp-carousel swiper-wrapper"></div> <div class="jp-swiper-button-prev swiper-button-prev"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskPrev" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="8" y="6" width="9" height="12"> <path d="M16.2072 16.59L11.6496 12L16.2072 7.41L14.8041 6L8.8335 12L14.8041 18L16.2072 16.59Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskPrev)"> <rect x="0.579102" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="jp-swiper-button-next swiper-button-next"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskNext" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="8" y="6" width="8" height="12"> <path d="M8.59814 16.59L13.1557 12L8.59814 7.41L10.0012 6L15.9718 12L10.0012 18L8.59814 16.59Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskNext)"> <rect x="0.34375" width="23.8822" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div> </div>  <div class="jp-carousel-close-hint"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskClose" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="5" y="5" width="15" height="14"> <path d="M19.3166 6.41L17.9135 5L12.3509 10.59L6.78834 5L5.38525 6.41L10.9478 12L5.38525 17.59L6.78834 19L12.3509 13.41L17.9135 19L19.3166 17.59L13.754 12L19.3166 6.41Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskClose)"> <rect x="0.409668" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </div>  <div class="jp-carousel-info"> <div class="jp-carousel-info-footer"> <div class="jp-carousel-pagination-container"> <div class="jp-swiper-pagination swiper-pagination"></div> <div class="jp-carousel-pagination"></div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-title-container"> <h2 class="jp-carousel-photo-caption"></h2> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-icons-container"> <a href="#" class="jp-carousel-icon-btn jp-carousel-icon-info" aria-label="Toggle photo metadata visibility"> <span class="jp-carousel-icon"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="maskInfo" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="2" y="2" width="21" height="20"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M12.7537 2C7.26076 2 2.80273 6.48 2.80273 12C2.80273 17.52 7.26076 22 12.7537 22C18.2466 22 22.7046 17.52 22.7046 12C22.7046 6.48 18.2466 2 12.7537 2ZM11.7586 7V9H13.7488V7H11.7586ZM11.7586 11V17H13.7488V11H11.7586ZM4.79292 12C4.79292 16.41 8.36531 20 12.7537 20C17.142 20 20.7144 16.41 20.7144 12C20.7144 7.59 17.142 4 12.7537 4C8.36531 4 4.79292 7.59 4.79292 12Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#maskInfo)"> <rect x="0.8125" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-info-extra"> <div class="jp-carousel-info-content-wrapper"> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-title-container"> <h2 class="jp-carousel-photo-title"></h2> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-comments-wrapper"> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-image-meta"> <div class="jp-carousel-title-and-caption"> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-info"> <h3 class="jp-carousel-caption" itemprop="caption description"></h3> </div> <div class="jp-carousel-photo-description"></div> </div> <ul class="jp-carousel-image-exif" style="display: none;"></ul> <a class="jp-carousel-image-download" href="#" target="_blank" style="display: none;"> <svg width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <mask id="mask0" mask-type="alpha" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x="3" y="3" width="19" height="18"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M5.84615 5V19H19.7775V12H21.7677V19C21.7677 20.1 20.8721 21 19.7775 21H5.84615C4.74159 21 3.85596 20.1 3.85596 19V5C3.85596 3.9 4.74159 3 5.84615 3H12.8118V5H5.84615ZM14.802 5V3H21.7677V10H19.7775V6.41L9.99569 16.24L8.59261 14.83L18.3744 5H14.802Z" fill="white"/> </mask> <g mask="url(#mask0)"> <rect x="0.870605" width="23.8823" height="24" fill="#FFFFFF"/> </g> </svg> <span class="jp-carousel-download-text"></span> </a> <div class="jp-carousel-image-map" style="display: none;"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="module"> import { Workbox } from "https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/pwa\/wp-includes\/js\/workbox-v7.3.0\/workbox-window.prod.js"; if ( 'serviceWorker' in navigator ) { window.wp = window.wp || {}; window.wp.serviceWorkerWindow = new Workbox( "https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/wp.serviceworker", {"scope":"\/"} ); window.wp.serviceWorkerWindow.register(); } </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-newsletters-subscribe-block-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-newsletters/src/blocks/subscribe/../../../dist/subscribeBlock.css?ver=1731351496' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-carousel-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/carousel/view.css?ver=4.3.6' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-homepage-articles-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/homepage-articles/view.css?ver=4.3.6' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-donate-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/donate/view.css?ver=4.3.6' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-modal-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/modal.css?ver=4.3.6' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-donate-frequency-based-css' href='https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/frequencyBased.css?ver=4.3.6' media='all' /> <link rel="stylesheet" id="jetpack-carousel-swiper-css-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/carousel/swiper-bundle.css?ver=14.1-a.3"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="jetpack-carousel-css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/carousel/jetpack-carousel.css?ver=14.1-a.3"></link> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'>.wp-elements-8f17e6f2e3038fbd0a67fe0a1df0ef74 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--white);}.wp-elements-b8e20787f0d8208b8b79b07193d4bb85 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);}.wp-elements-882e876463e8361afd81ea60f1a99df2 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color:var(--wp--preset--color--dark-gray);}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;}</style> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-KCB5NHNYJP" id="google-tag-manager-js" data-wp-strategy="async" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script id="wp-i18n-js-after"> wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-google-analytics-integration/assets/js/build/main.js?ver=50c6d17d67ef40d67991" id="woocommerce-google-analytics-integration-js" defer></script> <script id="site_tracking-js-extra"> var php_data = {"ac_settings":{"tracking_actid":800608051,"site_tracking_default":1},"user_email":""}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/activecampaign-subscription-forms/site_tracking.js?ver=6.7" id="site_tracking-js" defer></script> <script id="avc_frontend-js-extra"> var AdRefreshControl = {"advertiserIds":[1],"lineItemIds":[],"sizesToExclude":"","slotIdsToExclude":[],"viewabilityThreshold":"70","refreshInterval":"30","maximumRefreshes":"10","refreshCallback":""}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/ad-refresh-control/dist/js/frontend.js?ver=1.1.5" id="avc_frontend-js" defer></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/dist/media-kit-frontend.js?ver=3.2.1" id="newspack-ads-media-kit-frontend-js" defer></script> <script id="newspack-recaptcha-js-extra" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> var newspack_recaptcha_data = {"site_key":"6LfFPz4nAAAAAPUIZ7SY8xMnf5sHhZRpovvTXoLK","version":"v3","api_url":"https:\/\/www.google.com\/recaptcha\/api.js?render=6LfFPz4nAAAAAPUIZ7SY8xMnf5sHhZRpovvTXoLK"}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/other-scripts/recaptcha.js?ver=5.7.0" id="newspack-recaptcha-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-reader-activation-js-extra"> var newspack_ras_config = {"auth_intention_cookie":"np_auth_intention","cid_cookie":"newspack-cid","authenticated_email":"","otp_auth_action":"np_otp_auth","account_url":"https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/my-account\/","captcha_site_key":"6LfFPz4nAAAAAPUIZ7SY8xMnf5sHhZRpovvTXoLK"}; var newspack_reader_data = {"store_prefix":"np_reader_1_","is_temporary":"","reader_activity":[]}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-activation.js?ver=5.7.0" id="newspack-reader-activation-js" async data-amp-plus-allowed type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-reader-auth-js-extra"> var newspack_reader_auth_labels = {"invalid_email":"Please enter a valid email address.","invalid_password":"Please enter a password.","blocked_popup":"The popup has been blocked. Allow popups for the site and try again.","login_canceled":"Login canceled."}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-auth.js?ver=5.7.0" id="newspack-reader-auth-js" async data-amp-plus-allowed type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-registration-block.js?ver=5.7.0" id="newspack-reader-registration-block-js" async data-amp-plus-allowed type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/dist/url.min.js?ver=e87eb76272a3a08402d2" id="wp-url-js"></script> <script id="newspack-popups-criteria-js-extra" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> var newspackPopupsCriteria = {"is_non_preview_user":"","config":{"articles_read":{"matchingFunction":"range","matchingAttribute":"articles_read"},"articles_read_in_session":{"matchingFunction":"range","matchingAttribute":"articles_read_in_session"},"favorite_categories":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"favorite_categories"},"user_account":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"user_account"},"newsletter":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"newsletter"},"subscribed_lists":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"newsletter_subscribed_lists"},"not_subscribed_lists":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"newsletter_subscribed_lists"},"donation":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"donation"},"active_subscriptions":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"active_subscriptions"},"not_active_subscriptions":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"active_subscriptions"},"sources_to_match":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"referrer"},"sources_to_exclude":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"referrer"}}}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/criteria.js?ver=1731514538" id="newspack-popups-criteria-js" defer type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-popups-view-js-extra" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> var newspack_popups_view = {"debug":"","segments":{"3464":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"}],"priority":0},"3465":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"}],"priority":1},"3466":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"}],"priority":2},"3470":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"min":"2","max":0}},{"criteria_id":"articles_read_in_session","value":{"min":0,"max":"5"}},{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"sources_to_match","value":"facebook.com"}],"priority":6},"3769":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"with-account"},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"}],"priority":7},"3813":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"min":"5"}},{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"}],"priority":8},"3480":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"donation","value":"non-donors"},{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"with-account"}],"priority":10},"3481":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"with-account"}],"priority":11},"3482":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"newsletter","value":"non-subscribers"},{"criteria_id":"user_account","value":"without-account"}],"priority":12}},"donor_landing_page":"8"}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/view.js?ver=1731514538" id="newspack-popups-view-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-assets/build/i18n-loader.js?minify=true&ver=becd7d9884bc1b331e45" id="wp-jp-i18n-loader-js" defer></script> <script id="wp-jp-i18n-loader-js-after" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> wp.jpI18nLoader.state = {"baseUrl":"https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/languages/","locale":"en_US","domainMap":{"jetpack-admin-ui":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-assets":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-boost-core":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-boost-speed-score":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-config":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-connection":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-explat":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-ip":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-jitm":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-licensing":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-my-jetpack":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-password-checker":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-plugins-installer":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-post-list":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-protect-models":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-protect-status":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-publicize-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-sync":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-backup-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-blaze":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-classic-theme-helper":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-compat":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-forms":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-image-cdn":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-import":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-masterbar":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-search-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-stats":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-stats-admin":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-videopress-pkg":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-waf":"plugins/jetpack","jetpack-wordads":"plugins/jetpack","woocommerce-analytics":"plugins/jetpack"},"domainPaths":{"jetpack-admin-ui":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-admin-ui/","jetpack-assets":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-assets/","jetpack-boost-core":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-boost-core/","jetpack-boost-speed-score":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-boost-speed-score/","jetpack-config":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-config/","jetpack-connection":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-connection/","jetpack-explat":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-explat/","jetpack-ip":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-ip/","jetpack-jitm":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-jitm/","jetpack-licensing":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-licensing/","jetpack-my-jetpack":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-my-jetpack/","jetpack-password-checker":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-password-checker/","jetpack-plugins-installer":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-plugins-installer/","jetpack-post-list":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-post-list/","jetpack-protect-models":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-protect-models/","jetpack-protect-status":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-protect-status/","jetpack-publicize-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-publicize/","jetpack-sync":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-sync/","jetpack-backup-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-backup/","jetpack-blaze":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-blaze/","jetpack-classic-theme-helper":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-classic-theme-helper/","jetpack-compat":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-compat/","jetpack-forms":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-forms/","jetpack-image-cdn":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-image-cdn/","jetpack-import":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-import/","jetpack-masterbar":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-masterbar/","jetpack-search-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-search/","jetpack-stats":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-stats/","jetpack-stats-admin":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-stats-admin/","jetpack-videopress-pkg":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-videopress/","jetpack-waf":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-waf/","jetpack-wordads":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-wordads/","woocommerce-analytics":"jetpack_vendor/automattic/woocommerce-analytics/"}}; </script> <script id="jetpack-instant-search-js-before"> var JetpackInstantSearchOptions=JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent("%7B%22overlayOptions%22%3A%7B%22colorTheme%22%3A%22light%22%2C%22enableInfScroll%22%3Atrue%2C%22enableFilteringOpensOverlay%22%3Atrue%2C%22enablePostDate%22%3Atrue%2C%22enableSort%22%3Atrue%2C%22highlightColor%22%3A%22%23FFC%22%2C%22overlayTrigger%22%3A%22submit%22%2C%22resultFormat%22%3A%22expanded%22%2C%22showPoweredBy%22%3Afalse%2C%22defaultSort%22%3A%22newest%22%2C%22excludedPostTypes%22%3A%5B%22fme_upload_files%22%2C%22newspack_nl_list%22%2C%22attachment%22%5D%7D%2C%22homeUrl%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcardinalnews.org%22%2C%22locale%22%3A%22en-US%22%2C%22postsPerPage%22%3A10%2C%22siteId%22%3A196776984%2C%22postTypes%22%3A%7B%22post%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Post%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Posts%22%7D%2C%22page%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Page%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Pages%22%7D%2C%22attachment%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Media%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Media%22%7D%2C%22product%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Product%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Products%22%7D%2C%22newspack_lst_event%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Event%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Events%22%7D%2C%22newspack_lst_mktplce%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Marketplace%20Listing%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Marketplace%22%7D%2C%22newspack_lst_generic%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Generic%20Listing%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Generic%20Listings%22%7D%2C%22newspack_lst_place%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Place%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Places%22%7D%2C%22newspack_nl_cpt%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Newsletter%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Newsletters%22%7D%2C%22newspack_nl_list%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Subscription%20List%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Subscription%20Lists%22%7D%2C%22govpack_profiles%22%3A%7B%22singular_name%22%3A%22Profile%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Profiles%22%7D%7D%2C%22webpackPublicPath%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcardinalnews.org%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fplugins%5C%2Fjetpack%5C%2Fjetpack_vendor%5C%2Fautomattic%5C%2Fjetpack-search%5C%2Fbuild%5C%2Finstant-search%5C%2F%22%2C%22isPhotonEnabled%22%3Afalse%2C%22isFreePlan%22%3Afalse%2C%22apiRoot%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcardinalnews.org%5C%2Fwp-json%5C%2F%22%2C%22apiNonce%22%3A%22b9ca4126be%22%2C%22isPrivateSite%22%3Afalse%2C%22isWpcom%22%3Afalse%2C%22hasOverlayWidgets%22%3Afalse%2C%22widgets%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22widgetsOutsideOverlay%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22hasNonSearchWidgets%22%3Afalse%2C%22preventTrackingCookiesReset%22%3Afalse%7D")); </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/jetpack_vendor/automattic/jetpack-search/build/instant-search/jp-search.js?minify=false&ver=7699f93e2ca878e728dc" id="jetpack-instant-search-js" async></script> <script src="//stats.wp.com/w.js?ver=202447" id="jp-tracks-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="metorik-js-js-extra"> var metorik_params = {"source_tracking":{"enabled":true,"cookie_lifetime":6,"session_length":30,"sbjs_domain":false,"cookie_name":"mtk_src_trk"},"cart_tracking":{"enabled":false,"cart_items_count":0,"item_was_added_to_cart":false,"wc_ajax_capture_customer_data_url":"\/?wc-ajax=metorik_capture_customer_data","wc_ajax_email_opt_out_url":"\/?wc-ajax=metorik_email_opt_out","wc_ajax_email_opt_in_url":"\/?wc-ajax=metorik_email_opt_in","wc_ajax_seen_add_to_cart_form_url":"\/?wc-ajax=metorik_seen_add_to_cart_form","add_cart_popup_should_scroll_to":true,"add_cart_popup_placement":"bottom","add_to_cart_should_mark_as_seen":true,"add_to_cart_form_selectors":[".ajax_add_to_cart",".single_add_to_cart_button"]},"nonce":"14807f3459"}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/metorik-helper/assets/js/metorik.min.js?ver=2.0.8" id="metorik-js-js" defer></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-parsely/build/loader.js?ver=b681bb9905652ac12735" id="wp-parsely-loader-js" defer></script> <script data-parsely-site="cardinalnews.org" src="https://cdn.parsely.com/keys/cardinalnews.org/p.js?ver=3.17.0" id="parsely-cfg" defer></script> <script id="newspack-amp-fallback-js-extra"> var newspackScreenReaderText = {"open_search":"Open Search","close_search":"Close Search","expand_comments":"Expand Comments","collapse_comments":"Collapse Comments","show_order_details":"Show details","hide_order_details":"Hide details","open_dropdown_menu":"Open dropdown menu","close_dropdown_menu":"Close dropdown menu","is_amp":""}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/amp-fallback.js?ver=2.2.0" id="newspack-amp-fallback-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="newspack-menu-accessibility-js-extra"> var newspackScreenReaderText = {"open_search":"Open Search","close_search":"Close Search","expand_comments":"Expand Comments","collapse_comments":"Collapse Comments","show_order_details":"Show details","hide_order_details":"Hide details","open_dropdown_menu":"Open dropdown menu","close_dropdown_menu":"Close dropdown menu","is_amp":""}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/menu-accessibility.js?ver=2.2.0" id="newspack-menu-accessibility-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="perfmatters-lazy-load-js-before"> window.lazyLoadOptions={elements_selector:"img[data-src],.perfmatters-lazy,.perfmatters-lazy-css-bg",thresholds:"0px 0px",class_loading:"pmloading",class_loaded:"pmloaded",callback_loaded:function(element){if(element.tagName==="IFRAME"){if(element.classList.contains("pmloaded")){if(typeof window.jQuery!="undefined"){if(jQuery.fn.fitVids){jQuery(element).parent().fitVids()}}}}}};window.addEventListener("LazyLoad::Initialized",function(e){var lazyLoadInstance=e.detail.instance;});function perfmattersLazyLoadYouTube(e){var t=document.createElement("iframe"),r="ID?";r+=0===e.dataset.query.length?"":e.dataset.query+"&",r+="autoplay=1",t.setAttribute("src",r.replace("ID",e.dataset.src)),t.setAttribute("frameborder","0"),t.setAttribute("allowfullscreen","1"),t.setAttribute("allow","accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"),e.replaceChild(t,e.firstChild)} </script> <script async src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/js/lazyload.min.js?ver=2.3.4" id="perfmatters-lazy-load-js"></script> <script src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202447.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"196776984\",\"post\":\"97617\",\"tz\":\"-5\",\"srv\":\"cardinalnews.org\",\"hp\":\"atomic\",\"ac\":\"6\",\"amp\":\"0\",\"j\":\"1:14.1-a.3\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "196776984", "97617" ]); </script> <script src="https://cdn.onesignal.com/sdks/OneSignalSDK.js?ver=1.0.0" id="remote_sdk-js" async data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script id="newspack-newsletters-subscribe-block-js-extra" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"> var newspack_newsletters_subscribe_block = {"recaptcha_error":"Error loading the reCaptcha library.","invalid_email":"Please enter a valid email address"}; var newspack_newsletters_subscribe_block = {"recaptcha_error":"Error loading the reCaptcha library.","invalid_email":"Please enter a valid email address"}; var newspack_newsletters_subscribe_block = {"recaptcha_error":"Error loading the reCaptcha library.","invalid_email":"Please enter a valid email address"}; var newspack_newsletters_subscribe_block = {"recaptcha_error":"Error loading the reCaptcha library.","invalid_email":"Please enter a valid email address"}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-newsletters/src/blocks/subscribe/../../../dist/subscribeBlock.js?ver=1731351496" id="newspack-newsletters-subscribe-block-js" async data-amp-plus-allowed type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=3156534cc54473497e14" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-includes/js/dist/escape-html.min.js?ver=6561a406d2d232a6fbd2" id="wp-escape-html-js"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/carousel/view.js?ver=38c0dbd12488d105fca0" id="newspack-blocks-carousel-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/homepage-articles/view.js?ver=592020a10b4ff0d8d3fd" id="newspack-blocks-homepage-articles-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/donate/view.js?ver=c588709bef79219c0a3f" id="newspack-blocks-donate-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/modal.js?ver=4.3.6" id="newspack-blocks-modal-js" type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/frequencyBased.js?ver=4.3.6" id="newspack-blocks-donate-frequency-based-js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1"></script> <script id="jetpack-carousel-js-extra"> var jetpackSwiperLibraryPath = {"url":"https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/jetpack\/_inc\/build\/carousel\/swiper-bundle.min.js"}; var jetpackCarouselStrings = {"widths":[370,700,1000,1200,1400,2000],"is_logged_in":"","lang":"en","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"97e1180204","display_exif":"1","display_comments":"0","single_image_gallery":"1","single_image_gallery_media_file":"","background_color":"black","comment":"Comment","post_comment":"Post Comment","write_comment":"Write a Comment...","loading_comments":"Loading Comments...","image_label":"Open image in full-screen.","download_original":"View full size <span class=\"photo-size\">{0}<span class=\"photo-size-times\">\u00d7<\/span>{1}<\/span>","no_comment_text":"Please be sure to submit some text with your comment.","no_comment_email":"Please provide an email address to comment.","no_comment_author":"Please provide your name to comment.","comment_post_error":"Sorry, but there was an error posting your comment. Please try again later.","comment_approved":"Your comment was approved.","comment_unapproved":"Your comment is in moderation.","camera":"Camera","aperture":"Aperture","shutter_speed":"Shutter Speed","focal_length":"Focal Length","copyright":"Copyright","comment_registration":"0","require_name_email":"1","login_url":"https:\/\/cardinalnews.org\/wp-login.php?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fcardinalnews.org%2Fcardinal-news-250-2%2F","blog_id":"1","meta_data":["camera","aperture","shutter_speed","focal_length","copyright"]}; </script> <script src="https://cardinalnews.org/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/carousel/jetpack-carousel.min.js?ver=14.1-a.3" id="jetpack-carousel-js" defer></script> <script id="woocommerce-google-analytics-integration-data-js-after"> window.ga4w = { data: {"cart":{"items":[],"coupons":[],"totals":{"currency_code":"USD","total_price":0,"currency_minor_unit":0}}}, settings: {"tracker_function_name":"gtag","events":["purchase","add_to_cart","remove_from_cart","view_item_list","select_content","view_item","begin_checkout"],"identifier":"product_sku"} }; document.dispatchEvent(new Event("ga4w:ready")); </script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script> <div class="newspack-blocks-checkout-modal newspack-blocks-modal" style="display: none;"> <div class="newspack-blocks-modal__content"> <a href="#" class="newspack-blocks-modal__close"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12 19 6.41z"/> </svg> </a> <div class="newspack-blocks-modal__spinner"> <span></span> </div> </div> </div> <script> var newspackPopupsData = {"107619":{"prompt_id":107619,"prompt_title":"Newsletter sign-up for users who have read at least 5 articles","prompt_frequency":"daily","prompt_placement":"center","prompt_has_newsletters_subscription":1,"action_type":"newsletters_subscription"},"95294":{"prompt_id":95294,"prompt_title":"General newsletter signup nonsubs","prompt_frequency":"daily","prompt_placement":"center","prompt_has_newsletters_subscription":1,"action_type":"newsletters_subscription"},"51624":{"prompt_id":51624,"prompt_title":"General newsletter sign up","prompt_frequency":"max 1 times,resetting every week","prompt_placement":"center","prompt_has_newsletters_subscription":1,"action_type":"newsletters_subscription"},"51614":{"prompt_id":51614,"prompt_title":"Inline Donation","prompt_frequency":"always","prompt_placement":"inline","donation_suggested_values":"{\"l\":\"default\",\"o\":[120,250,500,20],\"m\":[10,20,50,15],\"y\":[120,200,500,180]}","prompt_has_donation":1,"action_type":"donation"}}; </script> <script id="perfmatters-delayed-scripts-js">const pmDelayClick=false;const pmDelayTimer=setTimeout(pmTriggerDOMListener,10*1000);const pmUserInteractions=["keydown","mousedown","mousemove","wheel","touchmove","touchstart","touchend"],pmDelayedScripts={normal:[],defer:[],async:[]},jQueriesArray=[],pmInterceptedClicks=[];var pmDOMLoaded=!1,pmClickTarget="";function pmTriggerDOMListener(){"undefined"!=typeof pmDelayTimer&&clearTimeout(pmDelayTimer),pmUserInteractions.forEach(function(e){window.removeEventListener(e,pmTriggerDOMListener,{passive:!0})}),document.removeEventListener("visibilitychange",pmTriggerDOMListener),"loading"===document.readyState?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",pmTriggerDelayedScripts):pmTriggerDelayedScripts()}async function pmTriggerDelayedScripts(){pmDelayEventListeners(),pmDelayJQueryReady(),pmProcessDocumentWrite(),pmSortDelayedScripts(),pmPreloadDelayedScripts(),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.normal),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.defer),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.async),await pmTriggerEventListeners(),document.querySelectorAll("link[data-pmdelayedstyle]").forEach(function(e){e.setAttribute("href",e.getAttribute("data-pmdelayedstyle"))}),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-allScriptsLoaded")),pmWaitForPendingClicks().then(()=>{pmReplayClicks()})}function pmDelayEventListeners(){let e={};function t(t,n){function r(n){return e[t].delayedEvents.indexOf(n)>=0?"perfmatters-"+n:n}e[t]||(e[t]={originalFunctions:{add:t.addEventListener,remove:t.removeEventListener},delayedEvents:[]},t.addEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=r(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.add.apply(t,arguments)},t.removeEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=r(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.remove.apply(t,arguments)}),e[t].delayedEvents.push(n)}function n(e,t){let n=e[t];Object.defineProperty(e,t,{get:n||function(){},set:function(n){e["perfmatters"+t]=n}})}t(document,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"load"),t(window,"pageshow"),t(document,"readystatechange"),n(document,"onreadystatechange"),n(window,"onload"),n(window,"onpageshow")}function pmDelayJQueryReady(){let e=window.jQuery;Object.defineProperty(window,"jQuery",{get:()=>e,set(t){if(t&&t.fn&&!jQueriesArray.includes(t)){t.fn.ready=t.fn.init.prototype.ready=function(e){pmDOMLoaded?e.bind(document)(t):document.addEventListener("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded",function(){e.bind(document)(t)})};let n=t.fn.on;t.fn.on=t.fn.init.prototype.on=function(){if(this[0]===window){function e(e){return e=(e=(e=e.split(" ")).map(function(e){return"load"===e||0===e.indexOf("load.")?"perfmatters-jquery-load":e})).join(" ")}"string"==typeof arguments[0]||arguments[0]instanceof String?arguments[0]=e(arguments[0]):"object"==typeof arguments[0]&&Object.keys(arguments[0]).forEach(function(t){delete Object.assign(arguments[0],{[e(t)]:arguments[0][t]})[t]})}return n.apply(this,arguments),this},jQueriesArray.push(t)}e=t}})}function pmProcessDocumentWrite(){let e=new Map;document.write=document.writeln=function(t){var n=document.currentScript,r=document.createRange();let a=e.get(n);void 0===a&&(a=n.nextSibling,e.set(n,a));var i=document.createDocumentFragment();r.setStart(i,0),i.appendChild(r.createContextualFragment(t)),n.parentElement.insertBefore(i,a)}}function pmSortDelayedScripts(){document.querySelectorAll("script[type=pmdelayedscript]").forEach(function(e){e.hasAttribute("src")?e.hasAttribute("defer")&&!1!==e.defer?pmDelayedScripts.defer.push(e):e.hasAttribute("async")&&!1!==e.async?pmDelayedScripts.async.push(e):pmDelayedScripts.normal.push(e):pmDelayedScripts.normal.push(e)})}function pmPreloadDelayedScripts(){var e=document.createDocumentFragment();[...pmDelayedScripts.normal,...pmDelayedScripts.defer,...pmDelayedScripts.async].forEach(function(t){var n=t.getAttribute("src");if(n){var r=document.createElement("link");r.href=n,"module"==t.getAttribute("data-perfmatters-type")?r.rel="modulepreload":(r.rel="preload",r.as="script"),e.appendChild(r)}}),document.head.appendChild(e)}async function pmLoadDelayedScripts(e){var t=e.shift();return t?(await pmReplaceScript(t),pmLoadDelayedScripts(e)):Promise.resolve()}async function pmReplaceScript(e){return await pmNextFrame(),new Promise(function(t){let n=document.createElement("script");[...e.attributes].forEach(function(e){let t=e.nodeName;"type"!==t&&("data-perfmatters-type"===t&&(t="type"),n.setAttribute(t,e.nodeValue))}),e.hasAttribute("src")?(n.addEventListener("load",t),n.addEventListener("error",t)):(n.text=e.text,t()),e.parentNode.replaceChild(n,e)})}async function pmTriggerEventListeners(){pmDOMLoaded=!0,await pmNextFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded")),await pmNextFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded")),await pmNextFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-readystatechange")),await pmNextFrame(),document.perfmattersonreadystatechange&&document.perfmattersonreadystatechange(),await pmNextFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-load")),await pmNextFrame(),window.perfmattersonload&&window.perfmattersonload(),await pmNextFrame(),jQueriesArray.forEach(function(e){e(window).trigger("perfmatters-jquery-load")});let e=new Event("perfmatters-pageshow");e.persisted=window.pmPersisted,window.dispatchEvent(e),await pmNextFrame(),window.perfmattersonpageshow&&window.perfmattersonpageshow({persisted:window.pmPersisted})}async function pmNextFrame(){return new Promise(function(e){requestAnimationFrame(e)})}function pmReplayClicks(){window.removeEventListener("touchstart",pmTouchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousedown",pmTouchStartHandler),pmInterceptedClicks.forEach(e=>{e.target.outerHTML===pmClickTarget&&e.target.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent("click",{view:e.view,bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0}))})}function pmWaitForPendingClicks(){return new Promise(e=>{window.pmIsClickPending?pmPendingClickFinished=e:e()})}function pmPendingClickStarted(){window.pmIsClickPending=!0}function pmPendingClickFinished(){window.pmIsClickPending=!1}function pmClickHandler(e){e.target.removeEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"pm-onclick","onclick"),pmInterceptedClicks.push(e),e.preventDefault(),e.stopPropagation(),e.stopImmediatePropagation(),pmPendingClickFinished()}function pmTouchStartHandler(e){"HTML"!==e.target.tagName&&(pmClickTarget||(pmClickTarget=e.target.outerHTML),window.addEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler),e.target.addEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"onclick","pm-onclick"),pmPendingClickStarted())}function pmTouchMoveHandler(e){window.removeEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler),e.target.removeEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"pm-onclick","onclick"),pmPendingClickFinished()}function pmTouchEndHandler(e){window.removeEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler)}function pmRenameDOMAttribute(e,t,n){e.hasAttribute&&e.hasAttribute(t)&&(event.target.setAttribute(n,event.target.getAttribute(t)),event.target.removeAttribute(t))}window.pmIsClickPending=!1,window.addEventListener("pageshow",e=>{window.pmPersisted=e.persisted}),pmUserInteractions.forEach(function(e){window.addEventListener(e,pmTriggerDOMListener,{passive:!0})}),pmDelayClick&&(window.addEventListener("touchstart",pmTouchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousedown",pmTouchStartHandler)),document.addEventListener("visibilitychange",pmTriggerDOMListener);</script></body> </html>