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<span>Natural regions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Natural_regions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Natural regions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Natural_regions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Eastern_Region:_Paraneña" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Eastern_Region:_Paraneña"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>The Eastern Region: Paraneña</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Eastern_Region:_Paraneña-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Western_Region:_Chaco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Western_Region:_Chaco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>The Western Region: Chaco</span> </div> </a> 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Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeograf%C3%ADa_de_Paragu%C3%A1i" title="Xeografía de Paraguái – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xeografía de Paraguái" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="География на Парагвай – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="География на Парагвай" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geograf%C3%ADa_de_Paraguay" title="Geografía de Paraguay – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Geografía de Paraguay" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%87" title="جغرافیای پاراگوئه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جغرافیای پاراگوئه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9ographie_du_Paraguay" title="Géographie du Paraguay – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Géographie du Paraguay" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljopis_Paragvaja" title="Zemljopis Paragvaja – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zemljopis Paragvaja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografi_Paraguay" title="Geografi Paraguay – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Geografi Paraguay" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografia_del_Paraguay" title="Geografia del Paraguay – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Geografia del Paraguay" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="პარაგვაის გეოგრაფია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პარაგვაის გეოგრაფია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paragvajaus_geografija" title="Paragvajaus geografija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Paragvajaus geografija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografia_Paragwaju" title="Geografia Paragwaju – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Geografia Paragwaju" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografia_do_Paraguai" title="Geografia do Paraguai – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Geografia do Paraguai" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="География Парагвая – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="География Парагвая" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraguayn_maantiede" title="Paraguayn maantiede – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paraguayn maantiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E" title="Географія Парагваю – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Географія Парагваю" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="巴拉圭地理 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴拉圭地理" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1053138#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pa-map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Pa-map.png/220px-Pa-map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Pa-map.png 1.5x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>Map of Paraguay</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> is a country in South America, bordering <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Paraguay_River" title="Paraguay River">Paraguay River</a> (Spanish: <i>Río Paraguay</i>) divides the country into strikingly different eastern and western regions. Both the eastern region (officially called Eastern Paraguay, <i>Paraguay Oriental</i>, and known as the Paraneña region) and the western region (officially Western Paraguay, <i>Paraguay Occidental</i>, and known as the Chaco) gently slope toward and are drained into the Paraguay River, which separates and unifies the two regions. With the Paraneña region reaching southward and the Chaco extending to the north, Paraguay straddles the <a href="/wiki/Tropic_of_Capricorn" title="Tropic of Capricorn">Tropic of Capricorn</a> and experiences both <a href="/wiki/Subtropics" title="Subtropics">subtropical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tropics" title="Tropics">tropical</a> climates. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Borders">Borders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Borders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paso_fronterizo_Mayor_Infante_Rivarola_(Paraguay)_-_Ca%C3%B1ada_Oruro_(Bolivia),_en_el_final_de_la_Ruta_Nacional_PY09_%22Trans-Chaco%22..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Paso_fronterizo_Mayor_Infante_Rivarola_%28Paraguay%29_-_Ca%C3%B1ada_Oruro_%28Bolivia%29%2C_en_el_final_de_la_Ruta_Nacional_PY09_%22Trans-Chaco%22..jpg/220px-Paso_fronterizo_Mayor_Infante_Rivarola_%28Paraguay%29_-_Ca%C3%B1ada_Oruro_%28Bolivia%29%2C_en_el_final_de_la_Ruta_Nacional_PY09_%22Trans-Chaco%22..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Paso_fronterizo_Mayor_Infante_Rivarola_%28Paraguay%29_-_Ca%C3%B1ada_Oruro_%28Bolivia%29%2C_en_el_final_de_la_Ruta_Nacional_PY09_%22Trans-Chaco%22..jpg/330px-Paso_fronterizo_Mayor_Infante_Rivarola_%28Paraguay%29_-_Ca%C3%B1ada_Oruro_%28Bolivia%29%2C_en_el_final_de_la_Ruta_Nacional_PY09_%22Trans-Chaco%22..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Paso_fronterizo_Mayor_Infante_Rivarola_%28Paraguay%29_-_Ca%C3%B1ada_Oruro_%28Bolivia%29%2C_en_el_final_de_la_Ruta_Nacional_PY09_%22Trans-Chaco%22..jpg/440px-Paso_fronterizo_Mayor_Infante_Rivarola_%28Paraguay%29_-_Ca%C3%B1ada_Oruro_%28Bolivia%29%2C_en_el_final_de_la_Ruta_Nacional_PY09_%22Trans-Chaco%22..jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3864" /></a><figcaption>The Bolivia-Paraguay border, at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Route_9_(Paraguay)" title="Route 9 (Paraguay)">Route 9</a> (detour to the Infante Rivarola-Ibibobo border checkpoint) as seen from the <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivian</a> side.</figcaption></figure> <p>Paraguay borders on three substantially larger countries: Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina. The country has three <a href="/wiki/Tripoint" title="Tripoint">tripoints</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hito_Esmeralda" title="Hito Esmeralda">Argentina-Bolivia-Paraguay</a>, Bolivia-Brazil-Paraguay and <a href="/wiki/Triple_Frontier" title="Triple Frontier">Paraguay-Argentina-Brazil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The definition of the northwestern boundary with Bolivia, extending through the low hills of the <a href="/wiki/Chaco_(Paraguay)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaco (Paraguay)">Chaco</a> region, dates from <a href="/wiki/Chaco_War#Aftermath" title="Chaco War">1938</a>. The boundary between the Chaco and Brazil was defined in 1927; it continues from the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Apa_River" title="Apa River">Apa River</a> (<i>Río Apa</i>) and Paraguay River northward along the course of the <a href="/wiki/Paraguay_River" title="Paraguay River">Paraguay River</a> to the border with Bolivia. The northern border of the Paraneña region, set in 1872, follows the course of the <a href="/wiki/Paran%C3%A1_River" title="Paraná River">Paraná River</a> (<i>Río Paraná</i>), the <a href="/wiki/Ridge" title="Ridge">ridges</a> of the mountains in the northeast region, and finally the course of the Apa River until it empties into the Paraguay River. The large <a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Paraguay_border" title="Argentina–Paraguay border">Argentina–Paraguay border</a> comprises the <a href="/wiki/Pilcomayo_River" title="Pilcomayo River">Pilcomayo River</a> (<i>Río Pilcomayo</i>), Paraná River, and Paraguay River. Argentina and Paraguay agreed on these boundaries in 1876. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Natural_regions">Natural regions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Natural regions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paraguay_regions_map_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Paraguay_regions_map_2.svg/220px-Paraguay_regions_map_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Paraguay_regions_map_2.svg/330px-Paraguay_regions_map_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Paraguay_regions_map_2.svg/440px-Paraguay_regions_map_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="559" /></a><figcaption><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#fee793; color:black;"> </span> Eastern Paraguay (Paraneña)</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#d2fc7c; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Chaco_(Paraguay)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaco (Paraguay)">Western Paraguay</a> (Chaco)</div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ecorregiones_PY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Ecorregiones_PY.jpg/220px-Ecorregiones_PY.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Ecorregiones_PY.jpg/330px-Ecorregiones_PY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Ecorregiones_PY.jpg/440px-Ecorregiones_PY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2481" data-file-height="3509" /></a><figcaption>The ecoregions of Paraguay: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#8c510a; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Gran_Chaco" title="Gran Chaco">Dry Chaco</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#006837; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Pantanal" title="Pantanal">Pantanal</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#f16913; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Cerrado" title="Cerrado">Cerrado</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#4d9221; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Humid_Chaco" title="Humid Chaco">Humid Chaco</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Alto_Paran%C3%A1_Atlantic_forests" title="Alto Paraná Atlantic forests">Alto Paraná Atlantic forests</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ffff66; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Southern_Cone_Mesopotamian_savanna" title="Southern Cone Mesopotamian savanna">Mesopotamian grasslands</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cordillera_de_Paraguari.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Cordillera_de_Paraguari.jpg/220px-Cordillera_de_Paraguari.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Cordillera_de_Paraguari.jpg/330px-Cordillera_de_Paraguari.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Cordillera_de_Paraguari.jpg/440px-Cordillera_de_Paraguari.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Hills around <a href="/wiki/Paraguar%C3%AD" title="Paraguarí">Paraguarí</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cerro_Cora.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Cerro_Cora.jpg/220px-Cerro_Cora.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Cerro_Cora.jpg/330px-Cerro_Cora.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Cerro_Cora.jpg/440px-Cerro_Cora.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cerro_Cora_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerro Cora National Park">Cerro Cora National Park</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Presidente_Hayes_Department,_Paraguay_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Presidente_Hayes_Department%2C_Paraguay_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Presidente_Hayes_Department%2C_Paraguay_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Presidente_Hayes_Department%2C_Paraguay_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Presidente_Hayes_Department%2C_Paraguay_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Presidente_Hayes_Department%2C_Paraguay_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Presidente_Hayes_Department%2C_Paraguay_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Paraguayan <a href="/wiki/Pantanal" title="Pantanal">Pantanal</a> seen in northern <a href="/wiki/Presidente_Hayes_Department" title="Presidente Hayes Department">Presidente Hayes Department</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Paraguay contains six terrestrial ecoregions: <a href="/wiki/Alto_Paran%C3%A1_Atlantic_forests" title="Alto Paraná Atlantic forests">Alto Paraná Atlantic forests</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gran_Chaco" title="Gran Chaco">Chaco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cerrado" title="Cerrado">Cerrado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Humid_Chaco" title="Humid Chaco">Humid Chaco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pantanal" title="Pantanal">Pantanal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paran%C3%A1_flooded_savanna" title="Paraná flooded savanna">Paraná flooded savanna</a> which fall into two main <a href="/wiki/Natural_region" title="Natural region">natural regions</a>, divided by the <a href="/wiki/Paraguay_River" title="Paraguay River">Paraguay River</a>: the <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regi%C3%B3n_Oriental_del_Paraguay" class="extiw" title="es:Región Oriental del Paraguay">Paraneña</a></b> region (a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Plateau" title="Plateau">plateaus</a>, rolling hills, and valleys) and the <b><a href="/wiki/Chaco_(Paraguay)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaco (Paraguay)">Chaco</a></b> region (an immense <a href="/wiki/Foothills" title="Foothills">piedmont plain</a>). </p><p>About 95 percent of Paraguay's population resides in the Paraneña region, which has all the significant <a href="/wiki/Orography" title="Orography">orographic</a> features and a more predictable climate. The Paraneña region can be generally described as consisting of an area of highlands in the east that slopes toward the Río Paraguay and becomes an area of lowlands, subject to floods, along the river. </p><p>The Chaco consists predominantly of lowlands, also inclined toward the Río Paraguay, that are alternately flooded and parched. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Eastern_Region:_Paraneña"><span id="The_Eastern_Region:_Parane.C3.B1a"></span>The Eastern Region: Paraneña</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Eastern Region: Paraneña"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Eastern region extends from the Río Paraguay eastward to the Río Paraná, which forms the border with Brazil and Argentina. The eastern hills and mountains, an extension of a plateau in southern Brazil, dominate the region. They reach to about 700 meters (2,300 ft) above sea level at their highest point. The Eastern region also has spacious <a href="/wiki/Plain" title="Plain">plains</a>, broad valleys, and <a href="/wiki/Lowland" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowland">lowlands</a>. About 80% of the region lies below 300 meters (1,000 ft) in elevation; the lowest elevation, 60 meters (200 ft), occurs in the extreme south at the confluence of the Río Paraguay and Río Paraná. </p><p>The Eastern region is drained primarily by rivers that flow westward to the Río Paraguay, although some rivers flow eastward to the Río Paraná. Low-lying <a href="/wiki/Meadow" title="Meadow">meadows</a>, subject to floods, separate the eastern mountains from the Río Paraguay. </p><p>The Eastern region as a whole naturally divides into five physiographic subregions: </p> <ol><li>the Paraná Plateau</li> <li>the Northern Upland</li> <li>the Central Hill Belt</li> <li>the Central Lowland</li> <li>the Ñeembucú Plain</li></ol> <p>In the east, the heavily wooded Paraná Plateau occupies one-third of the region and extends its full length from north to south and up to 145 kilometers (90 mi) westward from the Brazilian and Argentine borders. The Paraná Plateau's western edge is defined by an escarpment that descends from an elevation of about 460 meters (1,500 ft) in the north to about 180 meters (590 ft) at the subregion's southern extremity. The plateau slopes moderately to east and south, its remarkably uniform surface interrupted only by the narrow valleys carved by the westward-flowing tributaries of the Río Paraná. </p><p>The Northern Upland, the Central Hill Belt, and the Central Lowland constitute the lower terrain lying between the escarpment and the Río Paraguay. The first of these eroded extensions stretching westward of the Paraná Plateau—the Northern Upland—occupies the portion northward from the <a href="/wiki/Aquidab%C3%A1n_River" title="Aquidabán River">Aquidabán River</a> (<i>Río Aquidabán</i>) to the Apa River on the Brazilian border. For the most part it consists of a rolling plateau about 180 meters (590 ft) above sea level and 76 to 90 meters (249 to 295 ft) above the plain farther to the south. The Central Hill Belt encompasses the area in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Asunción">Asunción</a>. Although nearly flat surfaces occur in this subregion, the rolling terrain is extremely uneven. Small, isolated peaks are numerous, and it is here that the only lakes of any size are found. Between these two upland subregions lies the Central Lowland, an area of low elevation and relief, sloping gently upward from the Río Paraguay toward the Paraná Plateau. The valleys of the Central Lowland's westward-flowing rivers are broad and shallow, and periodic flooding of their courses creates seasonal swamps. This subregion's most conspicuous features, its flat-topped hills, project 6–9 meters (20–30 ft) from the grassy plain. Thickly forested, these hills cover areas ranging from a hectare to several square kilometers (acres to square miles). Apparently the weathered remnants of rock related to geological formations farther to the east, these hills are called <i>islas de monte</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mountain_island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mountain island (page does not exist)">mountain islands</a>), and their margins are known as <i>costas</i> (coasts). </p><p>The remaining subregion—the Ñeembucú Plain—lies in the southwest corner of the Paraneña region. This alluvial flatland has a slight westerly-southwesterly slope obscured by gentle undulations. The Tebicuary River (<i>Río Tebicuary</i>)—a major tributary of the Río Paraguay – bisects the swampy lowland, which is broken in its central portion by rounded swells of land up to three meters in height. </p><p>The main orographic features of the Paraneña region include the Cordillera de Amambay, the Cordillera de Mbaracayú, and the Cordillera de Caaguazú. The Cordillera de Amambay extends from the northeast corner of the region south and slightly east along the Brazilian border. The mountains reach on average 400 meters (1,300 ft) above sea level, although the highest point reaches 700 meters (2,300 ft). The main chain, 200 kilometers (120 mi) long, has smaller branches that extend to the west and die out along the banks of the Río Paraguay in the Northern Upland. </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordillera_de_Amambay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cordillera de Amambay (page does not exist)">Cordillera de Amambay</a> merges with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordillera_de_Mbaracay%C3%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cordillera de Mbaracayú (page does not exist)">Cordillera de Mbaracayú</a>, which reaches eastward 120 kilometers (75 mi) to the Río Paraná. The average height of this mountain chain is 200 meters (656 ft); the highest point of the chain, 500 meters (2,000 ft), lies within Brazilian territory. The Río Paraná forms the Salto del Guairá waterfall where it cuts through the mountains of the Cordillera de Mbaracayú to enter Argentina. </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordillera_de_Caaguaz%C3%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cordillera de Caaguazú (page does not exist)">Cordillera de Caaguazú</a> falls where the other two main mountain ranges meet and extends south, with an average height of 400 meters (1,300 ft). Its highest point, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerro_de_San_Joaqu%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cerro de San Joaquín (page does not exist)">Cerro de San Joaquín</a>, reaches 500 meters (1,600 ft) above sea level. This chain is not a continuous massif but is interrupted by hills and undulations covered with forests and meadows. The Cordillera de Caaguazú reaches westward from the Paraná Plateau into the Central Hill Belt. </p><p>A lesser mountain chain, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serran%C3%ADa_de_Mbaracay%C3%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serranía de Mbaracayú (page does not exist)">Serranía de Mbaracayú</a>, also rises at the point where the Cordillera de Amambay and Cordillera de Mbaracayú meet. The Serranía de Mbaracayú extends east and then south to parallel the Río Paraná; the mountain chain has an average height of 500 meters (1,600 ft). </p><p>The eastern region has a population of 7,232,890 and an area of 159,827 km<sup>2</sup>, the population density is 45.25/km<sup>2</sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Western_Region:_Chaco">The Western Region: Chaco</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Western Region: Chaco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chaco_Paraguay_cattleranch2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Chaco_Paraguay_cattleranch2.JPG/220px-Chaco_Paraguay_cattleranch2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Chaco_Paraguay_cattleranch2.JPG/330px-Chaco_Paraguay_cattleranch2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Chaco_Paraguay_cattleranch2.JPG/440px-Chaco_Paraguay_cattleranch2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cattle_ranch" class="mw-redirect" title="Cattle ranch">Cattle ranch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Presidente_Hayes_Department" title="Presidente Hayes Department">Presidente Hayes Department</a>, Chaco</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gran_Chaco" title="Gran Chaco">Gran Chaco</a></div> <p>Separated from the Eastern region by the Paraguay River, the Chaco region is a vast plain with elevations reaching no higher than 300 m (980 ft) and averaging 125 m (400 ft). Covering more than 60 percent of Paraguay's total land area, the Chaco plain slopes gently eastward to the Río Paraguay. </p><p>The Paraguayan Chaco is subdivided into two parts. The <i>Alto Chaco</i> (Upper Chaco), also called <i>Chaco Seco</i> (Dry Chaco) is the western three-quarters of the region, bordering on Bolivia, while the <i>Bajo Chaco</i> (Lower Chaco) or <i>Chaco Húmedo</i> (<a href="/wiki/Humid_Chaco" title="Humid Chaco">Humid Chaco</a>) borders on the Paraguay River. The low hills in the northwestern part of the Alto Chaco are the highest parts in the Gran Chaco. One prominent <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetland</a> of the Bajo Chaco is the Estero Patiño, which at 1,500 km<sup>2</sup> (580 sq mi) forms the largest <a href="/wiki/Swamp" title="Swamp">swamp</a> in the country. </p><p>The Paraguay Chaco's western two-thirds belong to the <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid</a> tropics with annual precipitations between 550 and 1,000 mm (20 and 40 in), vegetation being dry low scrub in the west to higher growth <a href="/wiki/Xerophyte" title="Xerophyte">xerophytic</a> (semi-arid impenetrable <a href="/wiki/Thorns,_spines,_and_prickles" title="Thorns, spines, and prickles">thorn</a>) forest towards the east. The eastern third belongs to the semi-humid tropics, with rainfall between 1,000 and 1,300 mm (40 and 50 in), taller vegetation, and tropical semi-humid forest. A belt about 50 km (30 mi) in length along the Paraguay River again has a different <a href="/wiki/Evergreen" title="Evergreen">evergreen</a> vegetation of wetlands and <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">palm tree</a> forests (<i>Bajo Chaco</i>). </p><p>Annual evaporation is around 1,500 mm (60 in). The very pronounced dry season lasts from May to October, and a wet season occurs from November to April, when the vegetation turns green and abundant. </p><p>The soils of the Chaco are very deep <a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">sedimentary</a> <a href="/wiki/Soil" title="Soil">soils</a> rich in nutrients, including <a href="/wiki/Luvisol" title="Luvisol">luvisols</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambisols" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambisols">cambisols</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Regosols" class="mw-redirect" title="Regosols">regosols</a>, and are in general very fertile and apt for agriculture and pasture (always presuming responsible and sustainable techniques), more so than most of the world's semi-arid tropics.<sup id="cite_ref-fao_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fao-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Limiting factors include a lack of ground freshwater in most of the Paraguay's Chaco, except in the north and the west. The lowlands facing the Paraguay River have insufficient drainage and seasonal flooding (which again increases soil fertility) as a constraint. </p><p>The western region has a population of 220,805 and an area of 246,925 km<sup>2</sup>, the population density is 0.89/km<sup>2</sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drainage">Drainage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Drainage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Paraguay" title="List of rivers of Paraguay">List of rivers of Paraguay</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:1090px;max-width:1090px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:211px;max-width:211px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:157px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saltos_del_Monday111.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Saltos_del_Monday111.JPG/209px-Saltos_del_Monday111.JPG" decoding="async" width="209" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Saltos_del_Monday111.JPG/314px-Saltos_del_Monday111.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Saltos_del_Monday111.JPG/418px-Saltos_del_Monday111.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1408" data-file-height="1056" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:236px;max-width:236px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:157px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lago_Ypacarai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Lago_Ypacarai.jpg/234px-Lago_Ypacarai.jpg" decoding="async" width="234" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Lago_Ypacarai.jpg/351px-Lago_Ypacarai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Lago_Ypacarai.jpg/468px-Lago_Ypacarai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:211px;max-width:211px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:157px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arroyo_en_Paraguay.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Arroyo_en_Paraguay.JPG/209px-Arroyo_en_Paraguay.JPG" decoding="async" width="209" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Arroyo_en_Paraguay.JPG/314px-Arroyo_en_Paraguay.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Arroyo_en_Paraguay.JPG/418px-Arroyo_en_Paraguay.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:211px;max-width:211px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:157px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dunas_de_San_Cosme_y_Dami%C3%A1n_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dunas_de_San_Cosme_y_Dami%C3%A1n_09.jpg/209px-Dunas_de_San_Cosme_y_Dami%C3%A1n_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="209" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dunas_de_San_Cosme_y_Dami%C3%A1n_09.jpg/314px-Dunas_de_San_Cosme_y_Dami%C3%A1n_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Dunas_de_San_Cosme_y_Dami%C3%A1n_09.jpg/418px-Dunas_de_San_Cosme_y_Dami%C3%A1n_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:211px;max-width:211px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:157px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salto_cristal_-_yvykui_-_paraguay_-_2005-04-23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Salto_cristal_-_yvykui_-_paraguay_-_2005-04-23.jpg/209px-Salto_cristal_-_yvykui_-_paraguay_-_2005-04-23.jpg" decoding="async" width="209" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Salto_cristal_-_yvykui_-_paraguay_-_2005-04-23.jpg/314px-Salto_cristal_-_yvykui_-_paraguay_-_2005-04-23.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Salto_cristal_-_yvykui_-_paraguay_-_2005-04-23.jpg/418px-Salto_cristal_-_yvykui_-_paraguay_-_2005-04-23.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">1.The <a href="/wiki/Saltos_del_Monday" title="Saltos del Monday">Saltos del Monday</a>, 2. A View of <a href="/wiki/Ypacarai_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Ypacarai Lake">Ypacarai Lake</a>, east of Asunción, 3. A common <a href="/wiki/Arroyo_(watercourse)" title="Arroyo (watercourse)">arroyo</a> in Paraguay, 4. The <a href="/wiki/Dune" title="Dune">dunes</a> of <a href="/wiki/San_Cosme_y_Dami%C3%A1n" title="San Cosme y Damián">San Cosme y Damián</a>, Southern Paraguay, 5. Salto Cristal, <a href="/wiki/Paraguar%C3%AD_Department" title="Paraguarí Department">Paraguarí Department</a>, Paraguay.</div></div></div></div> <p>The word <b>Paraguay</b> can be translated as the <i>Paradise of Waters</i>, as there is plenty to be found all around the country, including underneath it; see <a href="/wiki/Guarani_Aquifer" title="Guarani Aquifer">Guarani Aquifer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Paraguay_River" title="Paraguay River">Paraguay River</a> has a total course of 2600 km, 2300 km of which are <a href="/wiki/Navigability" title="Navigability">navigable</a> and 1200 km of which either border on or pass through Paraguay. During most years vessels with 21 m <a href="/wiki/Draft_(hull)" title="Draft (hull)">drafts</a> can reach <a href="/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n,_Paraguay" title="Concepción, Paraguay">Concepción</a> without difficulty. Medium-sized ocean vessels can sometimes reach <a href="/wiki/Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Asunción">Asunción</a>, but the twisting <a href="/wiki/Meander" title="Meander">meanders</a> and shifting <a href="/wiki/Shoal" title="Shoal">sandbars</a> can make this transit difficult. Although sluggish and shallow, the river sometimes overflows its low <a href="/wiki/Bank_(geography)" title="Bank (geography)">banks</a>, forming temporary swamps and flooding villages. <a href="/wiki/River_island" title="River island">River islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meander" title="Meander">meander</a> scars, and <a href="/wiki/Oxbow_lake" title="Oxbow lake">oxbow (U-shaped) lakes</a> attest to frequent changes in course. </p><p>The major tributaries entering the Paraguay River from the Paraneña region—such as the Apa, Aquidabán, and Tebicuary Rivers—descend rapidly from their sources in the Paraná Plateau to the lower lands. There they broaden and become sluggish as they meander westward. After heavy rains these rivers sometimes flood nearby lowlands. </p><p>About 4700 km long, the <a href="/wiki/Paran%C3%A1_River" title="Paraná River">Paraná River</a> is the second major river in the country. From <a href="/wiki/Salto_del_Guair%C3%A1" title="Salto del Guairá">Salto del Guairá</a>, where the former <a href="/wiki/Gua%C3%ADra_Falls" title="Guaíra Falls">Guairá Falls</a> were located, the river enters Paraguay and flows 800 km to its juncture with the Paraguay River and then continues southward to the <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Río de la Plata">Río de la Plata</a> Estuary at <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>. In general, the Río Paraná is navigable by large ships only up to <a href="/wiki/Encarnaci%C3%B3n,_Paraguay" title="Encarnación, Paraguay">Encarnación</a> in <a href="/wiki/Itap%C3%BAa_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Itapúa Department">Southern</a> <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> but smaller boats may go somewhat further north. In summer months the river is deep enough to permit vessels with drafts of up to three meters to reach Salto del Guairá, but seasonal and other occasional conditions severely limit the river's navigational value. On the upper course, sudden floods may raise the water level by as much as five meters in twenty-four hours; west of Encarnación, however, the rocks of the riverbed sometimes come within one meter of the surface during winter and effectively sever communication between the upper river and Buenos Aires. </p><p>The rivers flowing eastward across the Paraneña region as tributaries of the Paraná River are shorter, faster-flowing, and narrower than the tributaries of the Paraguay River, except the <a href="/wiki/Iguazu_River" title="Iguazu River">Iguazu River</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Iguazu_Falls" title="Iguazu Falls">Iguazu Falls</a>. Sixteen of these rivers and numerous smaller streams enter the Paraná River above Encarnación. </p><p>Paraguay's third largest river, the <a href="/wiki/Pilcomayo_River" title="Pilcomayo River">Pilcomayo River</a>, flows into the Paraguay River near Asunción after demarcating the entire border between the Chaco region and Argentina. During most of its course, the river is sluggish and marshy, although small craft can navigate its lower reaches. When the Pilcomayo River overflows its low banks, it feeds the Patiño Estuary (<i>Estero Patiño</i>). </p><p>Drainage in the Chaco region is generally poor because of the flatness of the land and the small number of important streams. In many parts of the region, the <a href="/wiki/Water_table" title="Water table">water table</a> is only a meter beneath the surface of the ground, and there are numerous small ponds and seasonal marshes. As a consequence of the poor drainage, most of the water is too salty for drinking or irrigation. </p><p>Because of the seasonal overflow of the numerous westward-flowing streams, the lowland areas of the Paraneña region also experience poor drainage conditions, particularly in the Ñeembucú Plain in the southwest, where an almost impervious clay subsurface prevents the absorption of excess surface water into the aquifer. About 30 percent of the Paraneña region is flooded from time to time, creating extensive areas of seasonal marshlands. Permanent bogs are found only near the largest geographic depressions, however. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Paraguay" title="Climate of Paraguay">Climate of Paraguay</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_PRY_present.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Koppen-Geiger_Map_PRY_present.svg/300px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_PRY_present.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Koppen-Geiger_Map_PRY_present.svg/450px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_PRY_present.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Koppen-Geiger_Map_PRY_present.svg/600px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_PRY_present.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1340" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption>Paraguay map of Köppen climate classification zones</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Satellite_image_of_Paraguay_in_January_2003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Satellite_image_of_Paraguay_in_January_2003.jpg/270px-Satellite_image_of_Paraguay_in_January_2003.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Satellite_image_of_Paraguay_in_January_2003.jpg/405px-Satellite_image_of_Paraguay_in_January_2003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Satellite_image_of_Paraguay_in_January_2003.jpg/540px-Satellite_image_of_Paraguay_in_January_2003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="3786" /></a><figcaption>Satellite image of Paraguay in January 2003</figcaption></figure> <p>Paraguay experiences a subtropical climate in the Paraneña region and a tropical climate in the Chaco. The Paraneña region has a humid climate, with abundant precipitation throughout the year and only moderate seasonal changes in temperature. During the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Hemisphere" title="Southern Hemisphere">Southern Hemisphere</a>'s summer, which corresponds to the northern winter, the dominant influence on the climate is the warm <a href="/wiki/Sirocco" title="Sirocco">sirocco</a> winds blowing out of the northeast. During the winter, the dominant wind is the cold <a href="/wiki/Pampero_(wind)" title="Pampero (wind)">pampero</a> from the <a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="South Atlantic">South Atlantic</a>, which blows across Argentina and is deflected northeastward by the Andes in the southern part of that country. Because of the lack of topographic barriers within Paraguay, these opposite prevailing winds bring about abrupt and irregular changes in the usually moderate weather. Winds are generally brisk. Velocities of 160 km/h (100 mph) have been reported in southern locations, and the town of Encarnación was once leveled by a <a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">tornado</a>. </p><p>The Paraneña region has only two distinct seasons: summer from October to March and winter from May to August. April and September are transitional months in which temperatures are below the midsummer averages and minimums may dip below freezing. Climatically, autumn and spring do not really exist. During the mild winters, July is the coldest month, with a mean temperature of about 18 °C (64 °F) in Asunción and 17 °C (63 °F) on the Paraná Plateau. There is no significant north–south variation. The number of days with temperatures falling below freezing ranges from as few as three to as many as sixteen yearly, and with even wider variations deep in the interior. Some winters are very mild, with winds blowing constantly from the north, and little frost. During a cold winter, however, tongues of <a href="/wiki/Antarctic" title="Antarctic">Antarctic</a> air bring subfreezing temperatures to all areas. No part of the Paraneña region is entirely free from the possibility of frost and consequent damage to crops, and snow flurries have been reported in various locations. </p><p>Moist tropical air keeps the weather warm in the Paraneña region from October through March. In Asunción the seasonal average is about 24 °C (75 °F), with January—the warmest month—averaging 29 °C (84 °F). Villarrica has a seasonal mean temperature of 21 °C (70 °F) and a January mean of 27 °C (81 °F). During the summer, daytime temperatures reaching 38 °C (100 °F) are fairly common. Frequent waves of cool air from the south, however, cause weather that alternates between clear, humid conditions and storms. Skies will be almost cloudless for a week to ten days as temperature and humidity rise continually. As the soggy heat nears intolerable limits, thunderstorms preceding a cold front will blow in from the south, and temperatures will drop as much as 15 °C (25 °F) in a few minutes. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rainfall" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainfall">Rainfall</a> in the Paraneña region is fairly evenly distributed. Although local meteorological conditions play a contributing role, rain usually falls when tropical air masses are dominant. The least rain falls in August, when averages in various parts of the region range from 200 to 100 millimeters (8 to 4 in). The two periods of maximum precipitation are March through May and October to November. </p><p>For the region as a whole, the difference between the driest and the wettest months ranges from 100 to 180 millimeters (4 to 7 in). The annual average rainfall is 1,270 millimeters (50 in), although the average on the Paraná Plateau is 250 to 380 millimeters (10 to 15 in) greater. All subregions may experience considerable variations from year to year. Asunción has recorded as much as 208 millimeters (8 in) and as little as 560 millimeters (22 in) of annual rainfall; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Puerto_Bertoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Puerto Bertoni (page does not exist)">Puerto Bertoni</a> on the Paraná Plateau has recorded as much as 3,300 millimeters (130 in) and as little as 790 millimeters (31 in). </p><p>In contrast to the Paraneña region, the Chaco has a tropical wet-and-dry climate bordering on semi-arid. The Chaco experiences seasons that alternately flood and parch the land, yet seasonal variations in temperature are modest. Chaco temperatures are usually high, the averages dropping only slightly in winter. Even at night the air is stifling despite the usually present breezes. Rainfall is light, varying from 500 to 1,000 millimeters (20 to 39 in) per year, except in the higher land to the northwest where it is somewhat greater. Rainfall is concentrated in the summer months, and extensive areas that are deserts in winter become summer swamps. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Examples">Examples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Asunción">Asunción</a> (1971–2000) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.0<br />(107.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(103.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37<br />(99) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35<br />(95) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0<br />(91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.4<br />(92.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.2<br />(102.6) </td> <td style="background: #F50000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.2<br />(108.0) </td> <td style="background: #ED0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.8<br />(109.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.2<br />(104.4) </td> <td style="background: #FC0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.7<br />(107.1) </td> <td style="background: #ED0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.8<br />(109.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.5<br />(92.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6<br />(90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.6<br />(88.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.4<br />(79.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.2<br />(84.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7<br />(87.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.3<br />(90.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1<br />(55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4<br />(48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6<br />(36.7) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.2<br />(29.8) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−1.2<br />(29.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #23FF23; color:#000000;" class="notheme">147.2<br />(5.80) </td> <td style="background: #2BFF2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">129.2<br />(5.09) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">117.9<br />(4.64) </td> <td style="background: #00FE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">166.0<br />(6.54) </td> <td style="background: #56FF56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">113.3<br />(4.46) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.4<br />(3.24) </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.4<br />(1.55) </td> <td style="background: #92FF92; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.6<br />(2.86) </td> <td style="background: #77FF77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.7<br />(3.45) </td> <td style="background: #3CFF3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">130.8<br />(5.15) </td> <td style="background: #01FF01; color:#000000;" class="notheme">164.4<br />(6.47) </td> <td style="background: #1FFF1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">150.3<br />(5.92) </td> <td style="background: #4DFF4D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,401.2<br />(55.17) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">83 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">70 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">276 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">246 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">254 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">228 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">205 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">165 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">223 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">204 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">242 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">270 </td> <td style="background: #EDED08; color:#000000;" class="notheme">295 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,803 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: World Meteorological Organization<sup id="cite_ref-AsuncionWN_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AsuncionWN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: NOAA updated to 9/2012.,<sup id="cite_ref-AsuncionNOAA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AsuncionNOAA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Danish Meteorological Institute (sun only)<sup id="cite_ref-AsuncionDMI_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AsuncionDMI-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_del_Este" title="Ciudad del Este">Ciudad del Este</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1200; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.8<br />(101.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5<br />(90.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(88.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0<br />(91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.4<br />(92.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(103.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.6<br />(105.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40.6<br />(105.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.7<br />(89.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.6<br />(88.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(88.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">27.6<br />(81.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6<br />(78.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6<br />(56.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3<br />(52.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5<br />(50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.0<br />(26.6) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(33.4) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE5CC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2<br />(46.8) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−3.0<br />(26.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00EB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">184.1<br />(7.25) </td> <td style="background: #02FF02; color:#000000;" class="notheme">154.2<br />(6.07) </td> <td style="background: #34FF34; color:#000000;" class="notheme">136.1<br />(5.36) </td> <td style="background: #26FF26; color:#000000;" class="notheme">140.7<br />(5.54) </td> <td style="background: #39FF39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">132.3<br />(5.21) </td> <td style="background: #33FF33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.9<br />(5.19) </td> <td style="background: #77FF77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.6<br />(3.57) </td> <td style="background: #53FF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">115.0<br />(4.53) </td> <td style="background: #36FF36; color:#000000;" class="notheme">130.2<br />(5.13) </td> <td style="background: #00F700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">176.0<br />(6.93) </td> <td style="background: #03FF03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">163.5<br />(6.44) </td> <td style="background: #2EFF2E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">139.9<br />(5.51) </td> <td style="background: #28FF28; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,694.5<br />(66.71) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9595FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">101 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000C0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">83 </td> <td style="background: #0000BC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">84 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">77 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: NOAA<sup id="cite_ref-NOAACuidad_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAACuidad-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Encarnaci%C3%B3n,_Paraguay" title="Encarnación, Paraguay">Encarnación</a> (1961–1990) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.5<br />(104.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0E00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.4<br />(102.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.3<br />(102.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.4<br />(95.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0<br />(93.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.6<br />(88.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.4<br />(90.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.8<br />(94.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.6<br />(97.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.4<br />(104.7) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.0<br />(107.6) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.0<br />(107.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(88.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.2<br />(84.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.9<br />(69.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.6<br />(58.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.8<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.8<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8<br />(27.0) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(34.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−3.8<br />(25.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #1CFF1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">152.2<br />(5.99) </td> <td style="background: #00F700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">160.6<br />(6.32) </td> <td style="background: #2AFF2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">142.4<br />(5.61) </td> <td style="background: #05FF05; color:#000000;" class="notheme">162.2<br />(6.39) </td> <td style="background: #28FF28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">144.2<br />(5.68) </td> <td style="background: #2DFF2D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.8<br />(5.35) </td> <td style="background: #65FF65; color:#000000;" class="notheme">102.7<br />(4.04) </td> <td style="background: #50FF50; color:#000000;" class="notheme">116.9<br />(4.60) </td> <td style="background: #18FF18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">149.5<br />(5.89) </td> <td style="background: #00EF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">181.7<br />(7.15) </td> <td style="background: #06FF06; color:#000000;" class="notheme">161.5<br />(6.36) </td> <td style="background: #1FFF1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">150.0<br />(5.91) </td> <td style="background: #20FF20; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,759.7<br />(69.28) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9898FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">98 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">73 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">254.2 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220.4 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220.1 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">171.0 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">179.8 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159.0 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">189.1 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">182.9 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">153.0 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">201.5 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252.0 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">269.7 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,452.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.1 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7 </td> <td style="background: #D2D200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #CBCB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA<sup id="cite_ref-EscNOAA_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EscNOAA-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a> (sun, 1988–1996)<sup id="cite_ref-EscDWD_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EscDWD-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n,_Paraguay" title="Concepción, Paraguay">Concepción</a> (1961–1990, extremes 1937–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.0<br />(109.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.0<br />(105.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.2<br />(100.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.8<br />(94.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.2<br />(97.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1500; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.4<br />(101.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.8<br />(105.4) </td> <td style="background: #FA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.8<br />(107.2) </td> <td style="background: #EF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.6<br />(108.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.4<br />(106.5) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">43.0<br />(109.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.4<br />(92.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2<br />(91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3<br />(84.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7<br />(87.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6<br />(90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6<br />(81.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.0<br />(78.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br />(81.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.0<br />(26.6) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8<br />(35.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−3.0<br />(26.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #1BFF1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">152.8<br />(6.02) </td> <td style="background: #36FF36; color:#000000;" class="notheme">122.8<br />(4.83) </td> <td style="background: #2EFF2E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">140.1<br />(5.52) </td> <td style="background: #41FF41; color:#000000;" class="notheme">122.9<br />(4.84) </td> <td style="background: #45FF45; color:#000000;" class="notheme">124.8<br />(4.91) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.3<br />(2.45) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.6<br />(1.68) </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.8<br />(2.20) </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.7<br />(2.67) </td> <td style="background: #45FF45; color:#000000;" class="notheme">124.7<br />(4.91) </td> <td style="background: #05FF05; color:#000000;" class="notheme">161.8<br />(6.37) </td> <td style="background: #0BFF0B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">163.5<br />(6.44) </td> <td style="background: #55FF55; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,341.8<br />(52.83) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">92 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">72 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">224 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">217 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">184 </td> <td style="background: #D2D200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">182 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">152 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">183 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">156 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">173 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">208 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">222 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">222 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,336 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA (July, November, and December record highs, and March, April, May, August, and October record lows),<sup id="cite_ref-ConcepcionNOAA_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConcepcionNOAA-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meteo Climat (record highs and lows)<sup id="cite_ref-meteoclimatConcepcion_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meteoclimatConcepcion-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a> (sun)<sup id="cite_ref-DWDConcepcion_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DWDConcepcion-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Pilar,_Paraguay" title="Pilar, Paraguay">Pilar</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F20000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.4<br />(108.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.5<br />(104.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(103.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.7<br />(92.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2<br />(91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.9<br />(94.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(103.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF0700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.4<br />(104.7) </td> <td style="background: #FD0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.6<br />(106.9) </td> <td style="background: #F20000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">42.4<br />(108.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.1<br />(91.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.3<br />(90.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.0<br />(80.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.1<br />(82.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.9<br />(85.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">27.4<br />(81.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6<br />(81.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3<br />(77.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.4<br />(63.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(33.3) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">0.7<br />(33.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #03FF03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168.9<br />(6.65) </td> <td style="background: #17FF17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">141.5<br />(5.57) </td> <td style="background: #0FFF0F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">161.0<br />(6.34) </td> <td style="background: #00EB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178.5<br />(7.03) </td> <td style="background: #70FF70; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95.3<br />(3.75) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.8<br />(2.43) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.9<br />(2.28) </td> <td style="background: #B8FFB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.1<br />(1.85) </td> <td style="background: #7FFF7F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.9<br />(3.26) </td> <td style="background: #35FF35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.2<br />(5.32) </td> <td style="background: #0CFF0C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">157.2<br />(6.19) </td> <td style="background: #43FF43; color:#000000;" class="notheme">125.7<br />(4.95) </td> <td style="background: #4CFF4C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,413<br />(55.63) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">90 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">73 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: NOAA<sup id="cite_ref-NOAAPilar_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAAPilar-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environment">Environment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Paraguay" title="Environmental issues in Paraguay">Environmental issues in Paraguay</a></div> <p>Current environmental issues include deforestation (Paraguay lost an estimated 20,000 km<sup>2</sup> of forest land between 1958 and 1985) and water pollution (inadequate means for waste disposal present health risks for many urban residents). Paraguay is a party to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change" title="United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change">United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Climate_Change-Kyoto_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol">Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of the Sea">Law of the Sea</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Ozone_Layer_Protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozone Layer Protection">Ozone Layer Protection</a>. It has also signed, but not ratified, the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Test_Ban" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear Test Ban">Nuclear Test Ban</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Geographic coordinates:</b> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Geography_of_Paraguay&params=23_00_S_58_00_W_type:country"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">23°00′S</span> <span class="longitude">58°00′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">23.000°S 58.000°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-23.000; -58.000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p><p><b>Area:</b> <br /><i>total:</i> 406,750 km<sup>2</sup> <br /><i>land:</i> 397,300 km<sup>2</sup> <br /><i>water:</i> 9,450 km<sup>2</sup> </p><p><b>Land boundaries:</b> <br /><i>total:</i> 3,920 km <br /><i>border countries:</i> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> 1,880 km, <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> 750 km, Brazil 1,290 km </p><p><b>Coastline:</b> 0 km (landlocked) </p><p><b>Elevation extremes:</b> <br /><i>lowest point:</i> junction of <a href="/wiki/Rio_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Paraguay">Rio Paraguay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rio_Paran%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Paraná">Rio Paraná</a> 46 m <br /><i>highest point:</i> <a href="/wiki/Cerro_Per%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerro Peró">Cerro Peró</a> 842 m </p><p><b>Land use:</b> <br /><i>arable land:</i> 6% <br /><i>permanent crops:</i> 0% <br /><i>permanent pastures:</i> 55% <br /><i>forests and woodland:</i> 32% <br /><i>other:</i> 7% (1993 est.) </p><p><b>Irrigated land:</b> 670 km<sup>2</sup> (1993 est.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extreme_points">Extreme points</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Extreme points"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cerro_Akat%C3%AD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cerro_Akat%C3%AD.jpg/220px-Cerro_Akat%C3%AD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cerro_Akat%C3%AD.jpg/330px-Cerro_Akat%C3%AD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cerro_Akat%C3%AD.jpg/440px-Cerro_Akat%C3%AD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a><figcaption>Cerro Akatí, near <a href="/wiki/Villarrica,_Paraguay" title="Villarrica, Paraguay">Villarrica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>This is a list of the extreme points of Paraguay, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location. </p> <ul><li>Northernmost point – the Hito VII Fortin Coronel Sanchez pillar on the border with <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alto_Paraguay_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Alto Paraguay Department">Alto Paraguay Department</a></li> <li>Easternmost point – unnamed headland in the <a href="/wiki/Itaipu_Dam" title="Itaipu Dam">Itaipu reservoir</a> near the town of <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81lvar_N%C3%BA%C3%B1ez_Cabeza_de_Vaca,_Paraguay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, Paraguay (page does not exist)">Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canindey%C3%BA_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Canindeyú Department">Canindeyú Department</a></li> <li>Southernmost point (including islands) – unnamed island south of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isla_Talavera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isla Talavera (page does not exist)">Isla Talavera</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Rio_Paran%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Paraná">Rio Paraná</a>, <a href="/wiki/Itap%C3%BAa_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Itapúa Department">Itapúa Department</a></li> <li>Southernmost point (mainland only) – unnamed headland southeast of the town of <a href="/wiki/Cambyret%C3%A1" title="Cambyretá">Cambyretá</a> and immediately north of the Argentinian town of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Candelaria,_Argentina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Candelaria, Argentina (page does not exist)">Candelaria</a>, Itapúa Department</li> <li>Westernmost point – the <a href="/wiki/Hito_Esmeralda" title="Hito Esmeralda">Hito I Esmeralda</a> pillar on the border with <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boquer%C3%B3n_department" class="mw-redirect" title="Boquerón department">Boquerón department</a></li> <li>Highest point – <a href="/wiki/Cerro_Tres_Kand%C3%BA" title="Cerro Tres Kandú">Cerro Tres Kandú</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guair%C3%A1_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Guairá Department">Guairá Department</a>, 842 m</li> <li>Lowest point – junction of <a href="/wiki/Rio_paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio paraguay">Rio Paraguay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rio_Parana" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Parana">Rio Parana</a>, 46 m</li> <li>Geographic center – 133 km west of <a href="/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n,_Paraguay" title="Concepción, Paraguay">Concepción</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Paraguay">List of cities in Paraguay</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mre.gov.py/cndl/index.php/institucional/conceptos-claves-sobre-limites">"Conceptos claves sobre Límites :: :: COMISIÓN NACIONAL DEMARCADORA DE LÍMITES ::"</a>.</cite><span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Encarnaci%C3%B3n+Climate+Normals+1961%E2%80%931990&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.atdd.noaa.gov%2Fpub%2FGCOS%2FWMO-Normals%2FTABLES%2FREGIII%2FPY%2F86297.TXT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Paraguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EscDWD-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EscDWD_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_862970_kt.pdf">"Klimatafel von Encarnación / Rio Paraná, Dep. 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text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gdc/cntrystd.py"><i>Paraguay: A Country Study</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paraguay%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.loc.gov%2Floc.gdc%2Fcntrystd.py&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Paraguay" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/copyright-and-contributors/">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/"><i>The World Factbook</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.pub=CIA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Paraguay" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Paraguay&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/1101">Paraguay, or the Province of the Rio de la Plata, with the Adjacent Regions Tucamen and Santa Cruz de la Sierra</a> is a map from 1616 of Paraguay and the surrounding area.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Argentina" title="Geography of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bolivia" title="Geography of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Brazil" title="Geography of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Chile" title="Geography of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Colombia" title="Geography of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ecuador" title="Geography of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Guyana" title="Geography of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Peru" title="Geography of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Suriname" title="Geography of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Uruguay" title="Geography of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Venezuela" title="Geography of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Geography of the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_French_Guiana" title="Geography of French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"><span style="white-space:normal;">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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href="/wiki/Climate_of_Chile" title="Climate of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Colombia" title="Climate of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ecuador" title="Climate of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Guyana" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Paraguay" title="Climate of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Peru" title="Climate of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Uruguay" title="Climate of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Venezuela" title="Climate of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Climate of the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_French_Guiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"><span style="white-space:normal;">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Divisions_and_cities_of_Paraguay" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geography_of_Paraguay" title="Template:Geography of Paraguay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geography_of_Paraguay" title="Template talk:Geography of Paraguay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geography_of_Paraguay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Geography of Paraguay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Divisions_and_cities_of_Paraguay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Divisions and cities of Paraguay</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administrative <br /> subdivisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Paraguay" title="Departments of Paraguay">Departments</a> (17)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alto_Paraguay_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Alto Paraguay Department">Alto Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alto_Paran%C3%A1_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Alto Paraná Department">Alto Paraná</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amambay_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Amambay Department">Amambay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boquer%C3%B3n_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Boquerón Department">Boquerón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caaguaz%C3%BA_Department" title="Caaguazú Department">Caaguazú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caazap%C3%A1_Department" title="Caazapá Department">Caazapá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canindey%C3%BA_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Canindeyú Department">Canindeyú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Department">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n_Department,_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Concepción Department, Paraguay">Concepción</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordillera_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Cordillera Department">Cordillera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guair%C3%A1_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Guairá Department">Guairá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itap%C3%BAa_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Itapúa Department">Itapúa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misiones_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Misiones Department">Misiones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%91eembuc%C3%BA_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Ñeembucú Department">Ñeembucú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguar%C3%AD_Department" title="Paraguarí Department">Paraguarí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidente_Hayes_Department" title="Presidente Hayes Department">Presidente Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Department,_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="San Pedro Department, Paraguay">San Pedro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Capital District (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Asunción">Asunción</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Paraguay_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Paraguay by population">Largest cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Asunción">Asunción</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciudad_del_Este" title="Ciudad del Este">Ciudad del Este</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Lorenzo,_Paraguay" title="San Lorenzo, Paraguay">San Lorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luque" title="Luque">Luque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capiat%C3%A1" title="Capiatá">Capiatá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambar%C3%A9" title="Lambaré">Lambaré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_de_la_Mora,_Paraguay" title="Fernando de la Mora, Paraguay">Fernando de la Mora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limpio" title="Limpio">Limpio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%91emby" title="Ñemby">Ñemby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encarnaci%C3%B3n,_Paraguay" title="Encarnación, Paraguay">Encarnación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Roque_Alonso,_Paraguay" title="Mariano Roque Alonso, Paraguay">Mariano Roque Alonso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Juan_Caballero,_Paraguay" title="Pedro Juan Caballero, Paraguay">Pedro Juan Caballero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Elisa,_Paraguay" title="Villa Elisa, Paraguay">Villa Elisa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metropolitan areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Gran Asunción">Gran Asunción</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Ciudad_del_Este" title="Gran Ciudad del Este">Gran Ciudad del Este</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Paraguay_topics" title="Template talk:Paraguay topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Paraguay_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Paraguay topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Paraguay_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Paraguay-related_articles" title="Index of Paraguay-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Paraguay" title="History of Paraguay">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guaran%C3%AD_people" title="Guaraní people">Guaraní people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_New_Andalusia" title="Governorate of New Andalusia">Governorate of New Andalusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesuit_reduction" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit reduction">Jesuit reduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Gaspar_Rodr%C3%ADguez_de_Francia" title="José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia">José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Antonio_L%C3%B3pez" title="Carlos Antonio López">Carlos Antonio López</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_War" title="Paraguayan War">Paraguayan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Civil_War_(1911%E2%80%931912)" title="Paraguayan Civil War (1911–1912)">First Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Civil_War_(1922)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraguayan Civil War (1922)">Second Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaco_War" title="Chaco War">Chaco War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_Revolution_(Paraguay)" title="February Revolution (Paraguay)">February Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Civil_War_(1947)" title="Paraguayan Civil War (1947)">Third Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Paraguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1954 Paraguayan coup d'état">1954 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_Alfredo_Stroessner" title="Dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner">Dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Paraguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1989 Paraguayan coup d'état">1989 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Paraguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Paraguayan coup d'état attempt">1996 coup d'état attempt</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marzo_paraguayo" title="Marzo paraguayo">Marzo paraguayo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Paraguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 Paraguayan coup d'état attempt">2000 coup d'état attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Fernando_Lugo" title="Impeachment of Fernando Lugo">2012 political crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Paraguayan_crisis" title="2017 Paraguayan crisis">2017 political crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay" title="Coat of arms of Paraguay"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="610" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Paraguay">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Paraguay" title="Climate of Paraguay">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Paraguay" title="Environmental issues in Paraguay">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Fauna of Paraguay">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Flora of Paraguay">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Paraguay" title="List of national parks of Paraguay">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Protected_areas_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Protected areas of Paraguay">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Paraguay" title="Category:World Heritage Sites in Paraguay">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Paraguay" title="Politics of Paraguay">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Paraguay">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Paraguay" title="Congress of Paraguay">Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Paraguay" title="Elections in Paraguay">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Paraguay" title="Foreign relations of Paraguay">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Paraguay" title="Armed Forces of Paraguay">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Paraguay" title="List of political parties in Paraguay">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Paraguay" title="President of Paraguay">Presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Legal system and issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Code_of_Paraguay" title="Civil Code of Paraguay">Civil Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Paraguay" title="Constitution of Paraguay">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Paraguay" title="Human rights in Paraguay">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Paraguay" title="Abortion in Paraguay">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Paraguay">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Paraguay" title="Law enforcement in Paraguay">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_nationality_law" title="Paraguayan nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Justice_of_Paraguay" title="Supreme Court of Justice of Paraguay">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Paraguay" title="Economy of Paraguay">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Paraguay" title="Agriculture in Paraguay">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Companies of Paraguay">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecotourism_in_Paraguay" title="Ecotourism in Paraguay">Ecotourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Paraguay" title="Energy in Paraguay">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Paraguay" title="Central Bank of Paraguay">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_guaran%C3%AD" title="Paraguayan guaraní">Guaraní <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Science_and_technology_in_Paraguay" title="Category:Science and technology in Paraguay">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolsa_de_Valores_y_Productos_de_Asunci%C3%B3n_(BVPASA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolsa de Valores y Productos de Asunción (BVPASA)">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Paraguay" title="Telecommunications in Paraguay">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Paraguay" title="Transport in Paraguay">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Paraguay" title="Category:Society of Paraguay">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Paraguay" title="Demographics of Paraguay">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Paraguay" title="Education in Paraguay">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Paraguay" title="Health in Paraguay">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Paraguay" title="Crime in Paraguay">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Paraguay" title="Immigration to Paraguay">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Paraguay" title="Indigenous peoples in Paraguay">Indigenous peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Paraguay" title="Languages of Paraguay">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Paraguay">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Paraguayans" title="List of Paraguayans">List of Paraguayans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Paraguay" title="Women in Paraguay">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Paraguay" title="Religion in Paraguay">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Paraguay" title="Freedom of religion in Paraguay">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Paraguay" title="Baháʼí Faith in Paraguay">Baháʼí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Paraguay" title="Catholic Church in Paraguay">Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Paraguay" title="Islam in Paraguay">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Paraguay" title="History of the Jews in Paraguay">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Paraguay" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Paraguay">LDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites_in_Paraguay" title="Mennonites in Paraguay">Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_La_Muerte" title="San La Muerte">San La Muerte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Paraguay" title="Culture of Paraguay">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Paraguay" title="Cinema of Paraguay">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_cuisine" title="Paraguayan cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraguayan literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Paraguay">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Paraguay" title="Music of Paraguay">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Paraguay" title="Public holidays in Paraguay">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Paraguay" title="Sport in Paraguay">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Paraguay" title="Category:National symbols of Paraguay">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_National_Anthem" title="Paraguayan National Anthem">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Paraguay" title="Coat of arms of Paraguay">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Paraguay" title="Flag of Paraguay">Flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Paraguay" title="Tourism in Paraguay">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Paraguay" title="Outline of Paraguay">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Paraguay-related_articles" title="Index of Paraguay-related articles">Index</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Paraguay" title="Bibliography of Paraguay">Bibliography</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paraguay" title="Category:Paraguay">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Paraguay" title="Portal:Paraguay">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> 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