Advanced Search Techniques – CourtListener.com

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data-toggle="dropdown">Financial Disclosures <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li> <a href="/financial-disclosures/" tabindex="501">Search Financial Disclosures</a> </li> <li> <a href="/help/coverage/financial-disclosures/" tabindex="502">About this Collection</a> </li> <li> <a href="/help/api/rest/financial-disclosures/" tabindex="503">API</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li class="inactive hidden-xs"> <a href="https://donate.free.law/forms/membership" tabindex="600" class="donate"><i class="fa fa-heart-o"></i> Donate</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="row content"> <div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm col-md-3"><h3>Operators</h3> <p><strong>AND</strong> - Intersection</p> <p><strong>OR</strong> - Union</p> <p><strong>-</strong> - Negation</p> <p><strong>" "</strong> - Phrase search</p> <p><strong>( )</strong> - Grouped queries</p> <p><strong>:</strong> - Fielded search</p> <p><strong>*, ?</strong> - Wildcard</p> <p><strong>~</strong> - Fuzzy and proximity</p> <p><strong>[x TO y]</strong> - Ranges</p> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-8 col-lg-6"> <h1>Advanced Query Techniques and Operators</h1> <p>CourtListener supports highly advanced Boolean queries. These allow you to build a complex search that can be run across our entire corpus. </p> <p>These operators are all powered by the syntax of the Lucene search engine using the eDisMax query parser. More details about these operators use can be found on <a href="https://lucene.apache.org/java/3_4_0/queryparsersyntax.html">Lucene's help page</a>. </p> <p>If you would like assistance crafting a query, <a href="/contact/">let us know</a>. We can sometimes help. </p> <h3>Intersections: <code>AND</code> or <code>&</code></h3> <p>This connector is used by default, and so is not usually needed. However, some operators, like the negation operator, can change the default operator to <code>OR</code>. Therefore, in more complicated queries it is good practice to explicitly intersect your tokens by using the <code>AND</code> or <code>&</code> operator between all words e.g:</p> <p><code>(immigration AND asylum) AND (border OR patrol)</code> or</p> <p><code>(immigration & asylum) & (border OR patrol)</code></p> <h3>Unions: <code>OR</code></h3> <p>Creates an <code>OR</code> comparison between words (e.g. <code>immigration OR asylum</code>). </p> <h3>Negation/Exclusion: <code>-</code></h3> <p>Requires that a word or phrase be excluded from the returned results. For example, this finds documents containing "immigration" but not "border patrol": </p> <p><code>immigration -"border patrol"</code></p> <p>This operator makes other tokens in your query fuzzy. Therefore, to do a boolean search, use the intersection operator (<code>AND</code>) between all your other tokens. For example, this searches for items containing both "immigration" and "border," but not "border patrol":</p> <p><code>immigration AND border AND -"border patrol"</code></p> <p>This query does "immigration" <em>or</em> "border" but not "border patrol":</p> <p><code>immigration border -"border patrol"</code>.</p> <h3>But not : <code>NOT</code> or <code>%</code></h3> <p>The <code>NOT</code> operator or <code>%</code> serves as an alternative way to exclude terms from your search results. This operator is particularly useful when combined with other boolean operators or grouped queries to refine your search precision:</p> <p><code>"border patrol" NOT (immigration OR asylum)</code> or</p> <p><code>"border patrol" % (immigration OR asylum)</code></p> <h3>Phrase and Exact Queries: <code>" "</code></h3> <p>Creates a phrase search (e.g. <code>"border patrol"</code>).</p> <p>You can also use <code>" "</code> to perform an exact query, which will not apply stemming or match synonyms.</p> <p>For instance: <code>"Inform" people</code> will return results containing only <code>inform</code> and <code>people</code>, thus avoiding results that include <code>information</code>. Conversely, <code>"Information" people</code>, will exclude results containing <code>inform</code>.</p> <p>It's important to notice that a phrase query behaves as an exact query for each term within the phrase. Therefore, avoid nesting quotes, such as <code>""Inform" people"</code> as all the quotes will be ignored.</p> <p>In the case that quotation marks are not balanced (i.e. there is an odd number of them), they will be ignored.</p> <h3>Grouped Queries and subqueries: <code>( )</code></h3> <p>Using parentheses will group parts of a query (e.g. <code>(customs OR "border patrol") AND asylum</code>). Parentheses can be nested as deeply as needed. </p> <h3>Wildcards and Fuzzy Search: <code>*</code>, <code>!</code>, <code>?</code> and <code>~</code></h3> <p>Using an asterisk (<code>*</code>) allows for wildcard searches. For example, <code>immigra*</code> finds all words that begin with "immigra". Alternatively, you can use an exclamation mark (<code>!</code>) at the beginning of a word for the same purpose. For instance, <code>!immigra</code> matches words that start with "immigra".</p> <p><code>*</code> can also be used inside words, where it acts as a single-character wildcard. For example, a query like <code class="text-nowrap">gr*mm*r</code> would match cases containing both <span class="text-nowrap">"gr<strong>a</strong>mm<strong>a</strong>r"</span> and <span class="text-nowrap">"gr<strong>i</strong>mm<strong>e</strong>r"</span>.</p> <p>The question mark character (<code>?</code>) can be used similarly as a single-character wildcard. Unlike <code>*</code>, it is allowed at the beginning of words. For example, this would find cases containing the word "immigrant" or "emmigration": <code class="text-nowrap">?mmigra*</code>.</p> <p>Fuzzy search can be applied using the tilde character (<strong>~</strong>) after a word. This is an advanced parameter that allows searches for misspellings or variations in a word's spelling. For example, searching for <code>immigrant~</code> would find words similar to "immigrant." Values can also be added after the tilde to specify the maximum number of changes allowed, where a change refers to the insertion, deletion, substitution of a single character, or transposition of two adjacent characters. The default value, if none is given, is 2. Allowed values are 1 and 2. Fuzzy searches tend to broaden the result set, thus lowering precision, but also casting a wider net.</p> <h3 id="disallowed-wildcards">Disallowed Wildcards</h3> <p>The following types of wildcard queries are disabled due to performance issues:</p> <strong><code>*</code> at the beginning of terms</strong> <p>Queries like <code>*ing</code> are disallowed because they require examining all terms in the index, which is highly resource-intensive.</p> <strong>Multiple endings with <code>*</code> or <code>!</code> in short terms</strong> <p>Queries that match multiple endings are only allowed if the base word has at least three characters. Therefore, queries like <code>a*</code>, <code>bc*</code>, <code>!a</code>, or <code>!bc</code> are disallowed due to performance issues.</p> <p>Performing a query like these will throw an error with the message:</p> <p><code>The query contains a disallowed wildcard pattern.</code></p> <h3 id="proximity">Proximity: <code>~</code></h3> <p>Using a tilde character (<strong>~</strong>) after a phrase will ensure that the words in the phrase are within a desired distance of each other. For example <code>"border fence"~50</code> would find the words border and fence within 50 words of each other. </p> <h3>Range Queries: <code>[ ]</code></h3> <p>Ranges can be queried by using brackets. For example, a search for <code>[1939 TO 1945]</code> would find all cases that contained the numbers 1939 to 1945, inclusive. Range queries can also be fielded, allowing searches like <code>citation:([22 TO 23] F2)</code>, which would find all cases from volumes 22 and 23 of the second series of the Federal Reporter. In range queries, the word 'TO' must be uppercase. </p> <h3>Date Queries</h3> <p>Date queries require the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">ISO-8601 standard</a> date formatting. This means that dates must be formatted as follows: </p> <p> <code>YYYY-MM-DD</code> </p> <p>In English that's year-month-day. For example, here's a date range that finds all docket filings from October 2018: </p> <p> <code><a href="/?type=r&q=dateFiled%3A%5B2018-10-01%20TO%202018-10-31%5D">dateFiled:[2018-10-01 TO 2018-10-31]</a> </code> </p> <h2>Fielded Queries: <code>fieldname:term</code></h2> <p>In addition to being able to place fielded searches in the side bar, advanced users can also place fielded searches in their main query. For example, a search for <code>court_id:ca1 status:precedential</code> would return only precedential cases (<code>status:precedential</code>)in the First Circuit of Federal Appeals (<code>court_id:ca1</code>). </p> <p>Parentheses can be used to create more complex queries. Or multi-terms queries. For example: <code>casename:(wade OR roe)</code> would find cases containing "wade" or "roe" in the name of the case. <code>casename:(Roe v. Wade)</code> would find cases containing all the terms provided, equivalent to "Roe" <code>AND</code> "v." <code>AND</code> "Wade". </p> <p>Different search interfaces support different fields according to the following two tables: </p> <ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist"> <li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#list-fields-opinions" aria-controls="list-fields-opinions" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Opinions</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#list-fields-parentheticals" aria-controls="list-fields-parentheticals" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Parentheticals</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#list-fields-recap_archive" aria-controls="list-fields-recap" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">RECAP</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#list-fields-oral_arguments" aria-controls="list-fields-oral-arguments" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Oral Arguments</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#list-fields-judges" aria-controls="list-fields-judges" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Judges</a></li> </ul> <div class="tab-content"> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane active" id="list-fields-opinions"> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table table-striped table-condensed"> <thead> <tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>id</code></td> <td>The ID of the item in the CourtListener system.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docket_id</code></td> <td>The ID of the docket that the item is associated with.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>scdb_id</code></td> <td>The ID of an opinion in the <a href='http://scdb.wustl.edu/'>Supreme Court Database</a>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>cluster_id</code></td> <td>A single case can have dissents, concurrences and other types of opinions. We call these 'clusters'. This is the ID of the cluster that an opinion is part of. See also: <code>sibling_ids</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>sibling_ids</code></td> <td>The ID of other opinions within a cluster.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>court_id</code></td> <td>This is the abbreviated court ID associated with the item. See the <a href='/help/api/jurisdictions/'>jurisdictions page</a> for a current list of abbreviations. For judge search, see the court field for an alternate approach.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>attorney</code></td> <td>The attorneys that argued the case.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>author_id</code></td> <td>The ID of the judge that authored an opinion.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>panel_ids</code></td> <td>The IDs of the judges on a panel for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>panel_names</code></td> <td>The full name of the judges on a panel for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>joined_by_ids</code></td> <td>The IDs of the judges joining an author in an opinion.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>judge</code></td> <td>A full-text searchable field containing the judge name, if known. This can be useful for judges that do not yet have an ID in our database.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>per_curiam</code></td> <td>Whether an opinion was written per curiam.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateFiled</code></td> <td>The date the decision was issued by the court.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateArgued</code></td> <td>The date that a case was first argued.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateReargued</code></td> <td>The date that a case was reargued.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateReargumentDenied</code></td> <td>The date a that a motion for reargument was denied.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>caseName</code></td> <td>The name of the case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docketNumber</code></td> <td>The docket number for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>citation</code></td> <td>An all-encompassing field containing all of the citations for an opinion.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>neutralCite</code></td> <td>The neutral citation for an opinion, if known.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>lexisCite</code></td> <td>The citation for a case within LexisNexis's database.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>suitNature</code></td> <td>The nature of suit for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>citeCount</code></td> <td>The number of times an opinion has been cited. This field can accept range queries.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>status</code></td> <td>The precedential status of a case. Valid entries for this field are <code>published</code>, <code>unpublished</code>, <code>errata</code>, <code>separate</code>, <code>in-chambers</code>, <code>relating-to</code>, <code>unknown</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>cites</code></td> <td>All of the item IDs that cite an opinion.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>type</code></td> <td>The Opinion type. Valid entries for this field are <code>combined-opinion</code>, <code>unanimous-opinion</code>, <code>lead-opinion</code>, <code>plurality-opinion</code>, <code>concurrence-opinion</code>, <code>in-part-opinion</code>, <code>dissent</code>, <code>addendum</code>, <code>remittitur</code>, <code>rehearing</code>, <code>on-the-merits</code>, <code>on-motion-to-strike</code>.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>procedural_history</code></td> <td>The history of the case as it jumped from court to court.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>posture</code></td> <td>The procedural posture of the case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>syllabus</code></td> <td>A summary of the issues presented in the case and the "outcome."</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>non_participating_judge_ids</code></td> <td>The judges that heard the case, but did not participate in the opinion</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>source</code></td> <td>The source of the cluster. Valid entries for this field are: <br><code>C</code> for "court website", <br><code>R</code> for "public.resource.org", <br><code>CR</code> for "court website merged with resource.org", <br><code>L</code> for "lawbox", <br><code>LC</code> for "lawbox merged with court", <br><code>LR</code> for "lawbox merged with resource.org", <br><code>LCR</code> for "lawbox merged with court and resource.org", <br><code>M</code> for "manual input", <br><code>A</code> for "internet archive", <br><code>H</code> for "brad heath archive", <br><code>Z</code> for "columbia archive", <br><code>U</code> for "Harvard, Library Innovation Lab Case Law Access Project", <br><code>CU</code> for "court website merged with Harvard", <br><code>D</code> for "direct court input", <br><code>Q</code> for "2020 anonymous database", <br><code>QU</code> for "2020 anonymous database merged with Harvard", <br><code>CRU</code> for "court website merged with public.resource.org and Harvard", <br><code>DU</code> for "direct court input merged with Harvard", <br><code>LU</code> for "lawbox merged with Harvard", <br><code>LCU</code> for "Lawbox merged with court website and Harvard", <br><code>LRU</code> for "Lawbox merged with public.resource.org and with Harvard", <br><code>LCRU</code> for "Lawbox merged with court website", <br><code>CRU</code> for "public.resource.org and Harvard", <br><code>MU</code> for "Manual input merged with Harvard", <br><code>RU</code> for "public.resource.org merged with Harvard", <br><code>ZA</code> for "columbia merged with internet archive", <br><code>ZD</code> for "columbia merged with direct court input", <br><code>ZC</code> for "columbia merged with court", <br><code>ZH</code> for "columbia merged with brad heath archive", <br><code>ZLC</code> for "columbia merged with lawbox and court", <br><code>ZLR</code> for "columbia merged with lawbox and resource.org", <br><code>ZLCR</code> for "columbia merged with lawbox, court, and resource.org", <br><code>ZR</code> for "columbia merged with resource.org", <br><code>ZCR</code> for "columbia merged with court and resource.org", <br><code>ZL</code> for "columbia merged with lawbox", <br><code>ZM</code> for "columbia merged with manual input", <br><code>ZQ</code> for "columbia merged with 2020 anonymous database", <br><code>ZU</code> for "columbia archive merged with Harvard", <br><code>ZLU</code> for "columbia archive merged with Lawbox and Harvard", <br><code>ZDU</code> for "columbia archive merged with direct court input and Harvard", <br><code>ZLRU</code> for "columbia archive merged with lawbox, public.resource.org and Harvard", <br><code>ZLCRU</code> for "columbia archive merged with lawbox, court website, public.resource.org and Harvard", <br><code>ZCU</code> for "columbia archive merged with court website and Harvard", <br><code>ZMU</code> for "columbia archive merged with manual input and Harvard", <br><code>ZRU</code> for "columbia archive merged with public.resource.org and Harvard", <br><code>ZLCU</code> for "columbia archive merged with lawbox, court website and Harvard"</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane " id="list-fields-parentheticals"> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table table-striped table-condensed"> <thead> <tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docket_id</code></td> <td>The ID of the docket that the item is associated with.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>cluster_id</code></td> <td>A single case can have dissents, concurrences and other types of opinions. We call these 'clusters'. This is the ID of the cluster that an opinion is part of. See also: <code>sibling_ids</code></td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>court_id</code></td> <td>This is the abbreviated court ID associated with the item. See the <a href='/help/api/jurisdictions/'>jurisdictions page</a> for a current list of abbreviations. For judge search, see the court field for an alternate approach.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>author_id</code></td> <td>The ID of the judge that authored an opinion.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>panel_ids</code></td> <td>The IDs of the judges on a panel for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>panel_names</code></td> <td>The full name of the judges on a panel for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>judge</code></td> <td>A full-text searchable field containing the judge name, if known. This can be useful for judges that do not yet have an ID in our database.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateFiled</code></td> <td>The date the decision was issued by the court.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>caseName</code></td> <td>The name of the case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docketNumber</code></td> <td>The docket number for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>citation</code></td> <td>An all-encompassing field containing all of the citations for an opinion.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>neutralCite</code></td> <td>The neutral citation for an opinion, if known.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>lexisCite</code></td> <td>The citation for a case within LexisNexis's database.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>suitNature</code></td> <td>The nature of suit for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>citeCount</code></td> <td>The number of times an opinion has been cited. This field can accept range queries.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>status</code></td> <td>The precedential status of a case. Valid entries for this field are <code>published</code>, <code>unpublished</code>, <code>errata</code>, <code>separate</code>, <code>in-chambers</code>, <code>relating-to</code>, <code>unknown</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>cites</code></td> <td>All of the item IDs that cite an opinion.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane " id="list-fields-recap_archive"> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table table-striped table-condensed"> <thead> <tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>id</code></td> <td>The ID of the item in the CourtListener system.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docket_id</code></td> <td>The ID of the docket that the item is associated with.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docket_entry_id</code></td> <td>The ID of the docket entry that the item is associated with.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>court_id</code></td> <td>This is the abbreviated court ID associated with the item. See the <a href='/help/api/jurisdictions/'>jurisdictions page</a> for a current list of abbreviations. For judge search, see the court field for an alternate approach.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>party</code></td> <td>The name of the parties in a PACER case. Can have multiple values.<sup>*</sup></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>attorney</code></td> <td>The name of the attorneys in a PACER case. Can have multiple values.<sup>*</sup></td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>firm_id</code></td> <td>The ID of a firm in a PACER case. Can have multiple values.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>firm</code></td> <td>The name of a firm in a PACER case. Can have multiple values.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>assigned_to_id</code></td> <td>The IDs of the judges joining an author in an opinion.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>referred_to_id</code></td> <td>The ID of the judge a case is referred to. See also: <code>referredTo</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>assignedTo</code></td> <td>A full-text searchable field containing the judge name a case was assigned to. This can be useful for judges that do not yet have an ID in our database. See also: <code>assigned_to_id</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>referredTo</code></td> <td>A full-text searchable field containing the judge name a case was referred to. This can be useful for judges that do not yet have an ID in our database. See also: <code>referred_to_id</code></td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateFiled</code></td> <td>The date the case was initiated.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>entry_date_filed</code></td> <td>The date of a document entry in the PACER docket.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateArgued</code></td> <td>The date that a case was first argued.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateTerminated</code></td> <td>The date that a case was terminated in PACER.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>caseName</code></td> <td>The name of the case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docketNumber</code></td> <td>The docket number for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>suitNature</code></td> <td>The nature of suit for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>document_type</code></td> <td>Whether an item in the RECAP Archive is a document or an attachment. Allowed values are <code><a href='/?q=document_type%3A%22PACER+Document%22&type=r&order_by=score+desc' rel='nofollow'>PACER Document</a></code> or <code><a href='/?q=document_type%3AAttachment&type=r&order_by=score+desc' rel='nofollow'>Attachment</a></code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>document_number</code></td> <td>The document number of the item on the PACER docket.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>attachment_number</code></td> <td>The attachment number of the item on the PACER docket.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>is_available</code></td> <td>Whether a document is in the RECAP Archive.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>page_count</code></td> <td>The number of pages in a PACER document.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>description</code></td> <td>The description of a PACER document from the docket entry.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>short_description</code></td> <td>The short description of a PACER document from the download document page.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>cause</code></td> <td>The cause of action for a case in PACER.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>juryDemand</code></td> <td>The jury demand for a case in PACER.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>jurisdictionType</code></td> <td>The "jurisdiction" value found in PACER docket reports. For example, 'Diversity' or 'U.S. Government Defendant'.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>chapter</code></td> <td>In bankruptcy dockets, the chapter the bankruptcy is currently filed under.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>trustee_str</code></td> <td>In bankruptcy dockets, the name of the trustee handling the case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>entry_number</code></td> <td>The entry number on the PACER docket page. For appellate cases, this may be the internal PACER ID for the document, when an entry ID is otherwise unavailable.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>pacer_doc_id</code></td> <td>The internal ID of the document in PACER.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>plain_text</code></td> <td>The plain text of the document after extraction.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> <sup>*</sup> <code>party</code> and <code>attorney</code> values are associated with dockets, not filings. Therefore, avoid combining non-docket fields with <code>party</code> and <code>attorney</code> in the main query box, as such combinations won't yield any results. For example, a query like: </p> <ul> <li><code>party:(Party Name) AND attorney:(Attorney) AND description:(some description)</code></li> </ul> <p>Will not return any results. To achieve the desired results, utilize filters available in the sidebar:</p> <ul> <li><code>Document Description: "some description"</code></li> <li><code>Party Name: "The party name"</code></li> <li><code>Attorney Name: "The attorney name"</code></li> </ul> <p>This approach will retrieve filings that match the specified document description in dockets with the specified parties and attorneys.</p> </div> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane " id="list-fields-oral_arguments"> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table table-striped table-condensed"> <thead> <tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>id</code></td> <td>The ID of the item in the CourtListener system.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docket_id</code></td> <td>The ID of the docket that the item is associated with.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>court_id</code></td> <td>This is the abbreviated court ID associated with the item. See the <a href='/help/api/jurisdictions/'>jurisdictions page</a> for a current list of abbreviations. For judge search, see the court field for an alternate approach.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>panel_ids</code></td> <td>The IDs of the judges on a panel for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>judge</code></td> <td>A full-text searchable field containing the judge name, if known. This can be useful for judges that do not yet have an ID in our database.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateArgued</code></td> <td>The date that a case was first argued.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateReargued</code></td> <td>The date that a case was reargued.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dateReargumentDenied</code></td> <td>The date a that a motion for reargument was denied.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> <td><code>caseName</code></td> <td>The name of the case.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>docketNumber</code></td> <td>The docket number for a case.</td> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> <tr> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="list-fields-judges"> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table table-striped table-condensed"> <thead> <tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code>id</code></td> <td>The ID of the judge in the CourtListener system.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>fjc_id</code></td> <td>The ID of a judge in the Federal Judicial Center's database of judges. </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>name</code></td> <td>A judge's full name.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>races</code></td> <td>The races that are known for a judge.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>gender</code></td> <td>The gender that a judge is known to identify with, for now only Female, Male, or Other.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>religion</code></td> <td>A judge's religion, if known.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dod</code> and <code>dob</code></td> <td>The date of death and date of birth for a judge.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>dob_city</code>, <code>dob_state</code>, and <code>dob_state_id</code> </td> <td>The birth city, state, and state abbreviation for a judge.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>court</code></td> <td>The courts where a judge has held positions.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>position_type</code></td> <td>The titles that a judge has held, such as "Special Chariman", "Chief Judge", "Acting Judge", etc. </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>appointer</code>, <code>supervisor</code>, <code>predecessor</code> </td> <td>The full name of the appointer, supervisor, and predecessor of a judge while in a position. </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_nominated</code></td> <td>The date a judge was nominated to a position.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_elected</code></td> <td>If an elected judge, this is the date the judge was elected to their position. </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_recess_appointment</code></td> <td>If a judge was appointed while congress was in recess, this is the date of that appointment. </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_referred_to_judicial_committee</code></td> <td>The date that a federal judge nomination was referred to the judicial committee. </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_judicial_committee_action</code></td> <td>The date that the judicial committee took action on a judicial nomination. </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_hearing</code></td> <td>The date of a judicial hearing for a federal judge.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_confirmation</code></td> <td>The date a federal judge is confirmed by the Senate.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_start</code></td> <td>The date that a judge starts a position.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_retirement</code></td> <td>The date a judge retires from a position.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>date_termination</code></td> <td>The date a judge ends active duty in a position. The compliment to <code>date_start</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>termination_reason</code></td> <td>The reason a judge was terminated from a position.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>judicial_committee_action</code></td> <td>The action taken by the Judicial Committee in response to a nomination. Possible values: "Not Reported", "Reported with Recommendation", "Reported without Recommendation", "Recommendation Postponed", or "Recommended Unfavorably". </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>nomination_process</code></td> <td>The process by which a person was nominated into this a position. Possible values: "U.S. Senate", "State Senate", "Primary Election", or "Merit Commission". </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>selection_method</code></td> <td>How the judge was selected for a position. Possible values: "Partisan Election", "Non-Partisan Election", "Appointment (President)", "Appointment (Governor)", or "Appointment (Legislature)". </td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>school</code></td> <td>The name of the school attended by a judge.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>political_affiliation</code></td> <td>The political affiliation of a juge.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code>aba_rating</code></td> <td>The American Bar Association rating of a judge.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <h2>Related opinions <code>related:<id></code></h2> <p> Find opinions whose content is most related to the content of the given opinion. Replace <code><id></code> with the ID of the opinion for which you want to retrieve related opinions. 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