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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mike_Pence_official_Vice_Presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Mike_Pence_official_Vice_Presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mike_Pence_official_Vice_Presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Mike_Pence_official_Vice_Presidential_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1781" data-file-height="2390" /></a></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title"><div>This article is part of a series about</div><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Mike_Pence" title="Electoral history of Mike Pence">Electoral history</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Vice President of the United States</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidential transition of Donald Trump">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence#Vice_presidency_(2017–2021)" title="Mike Pence">Tenure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">Trump administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Donald_Trump" title="First inauguration of Donald Trump">Inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Coronavirus_Task_Force" title="White House Coronavirus Task Force">White House Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak" title="White House COVID-19 outbreak">White House outbreak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">Capitol attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence_classified_documents_incident" title="Mike Pence classified documents incident">Classified documents incident</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Indiana" title="Governor of Indiana">Governor of Indiana</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2012 Indiana gubernatorial election">2012 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence#Governor_of_Indiana_(2013–2017)" title="Mike Pence">Tenure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Freedom_Restoration_Act_(Indiana)" title="Religious Freedom Restoration Act (Indiana)">Religious Freedom Restoration Act</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">U.S. Representative for Indiana's 2nd and 6th districts</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence#House_of_Representatives_(2001–2013)" title="Mike Pence">Tenure</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Mike Pence 2024 presidential campaign">2024 presidential campaign</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">Vice presidential campaigns</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">2016</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2016 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign">2020</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_National_Convention" title="2020 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="skin-invert-image"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence's signature"><img alt="Mike Pence's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Mike_Pence_signature.svg/90px-Mike_Pence_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Mike_Pence_signature.svg/135px-Mike_Pence_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Mike_Pence_signature.svg/180px-Mike_Pence_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="102" /></a></div> <a 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/></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> may be too short to adequately <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of all important aspects of the article. (August 2023)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Throughout his political career, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a> has held conservative views. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Abortion,_sex_education,_and_stem_cell_research">Abortion, sex education, and stem cell research</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Abortion, sex education, and stem cell research">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vice_President_Mike_Pence_addressing_the_March_for_Life_(31864759963).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vice_President_Mike_Pence_addressing_the_March_for_Life_%2831864759963%29.jpg/220px-Vice_President_Mike_Pence_addressing_the_March_for_Life_%2831864759963%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vice_President_Mike_Pence_addressing_the_March_for_Life_%2831864759963%29.jpg/330px-Vice_President_Mike_Pence_addressing_the_March_for_Life_%2831864759963%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vice_President_Mike_Pence_addressing_the_March_for_Life_%2831864759963%29.jpg/440px-Vice_President_Mike_Pence_addressing_the_March_for_Life_%2831864759963%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5906" data-file-height="3691" /></a><figcaption>Pence speaking at the <a href="/wiki/March_for_Life_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="March for Life (Washington, D.C.)">March for Life in Washington, D.C.</a>, 2017</figcaption></figure> Pence is an <a href="/wiki/Opponent_of_abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Opponent of abortion">opponent of abortion</a>, and his unwavering support of abortion restrictions has gained him the support of grassroots conservative activists.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> He began seeking to defund <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood">Planned Parenthood</a> in 2007<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> and in three congressional sessions, he introduced legislation to block organizations that provide abortion services from receiving any <a href="/wiki/Title_X" title="Title X">Title X</a> funding, even for services not related to reproductive health or <a href="/wiki/Family_planning" title="Family planning">family planning</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony_List" class="mw-redirect" title="Susan B. Anthony List">Susan B. Anthony List</a> president <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Dannenfelser" title="Marjorie Dannenfelser">Marjorie Dannenfelser</a> has praised Pence as a "pro-life trailblazer".<a href="#cite_note-:4-4">[4]</a> Pence has criticized <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_sex_education" title="Comprehensive sex education">comprehensive sex education</a>. In 2002, he criticized a speech by then-secretary of state <a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a>, who had said it was "important for young people ... to protect themselves from the possibility of acquiring any sexually transmitted disease" through the use of <a href="/wiki/Condom" title="Condom">condoms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-KaczynskiAbstinence-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNNAbstinence-6">[6]</a> Pence called Powell's comments a "sad day" and expressed his support for <a href="/wiki/Abstinence_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstinence education">abstinence education</a>.<a href="#cite_note-KaczynskiAbstinence-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNNAbstinence-6">[6]</a> He asserted that "condoms are a very, very poor protection against sexually transmitted diseases" and that Powell was "maybe inadvertently misleading millions of young people and endangering lives" despite the <a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a> (CDC) assessment that when properly used they offer effective protection against sexually transmitted diseases.<a href="#cite_note-KaczynskiAbstinence-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNNAbstinence-6">[6]</a> Pence opposed president <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s executive order eliminating <a href="/wiki/Stem_cell_controversy" title="Stem cell controversy">restrictions on embryonic stem-cell research</a>, saying: "I believe it is morally wrong to create human life to destroy it for research ... I believe it is morally wrong to take the tax dollars of millions of pro-life Americans."<a href="#cite_note-FortuneScience-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmptyPromiseStemCell-8">[8]</a> He asserted that "scientific breakthroughs have rendered embryonic stem-cell research obsolete."<a href="#cite_note-FortuneScience-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmptyPromiseStemCell-8">[8]</a> On January 27, 2017, Pence spoke at the <a href="/wiki/March_for_Life_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="March for Life (Washington, D.C.)">March for Life</a> in Washington, D.C., becoming the first vice president of the United States, and at the time, the highest-ranking U.S. official to ever speak at the annual event, until president <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> spoke at the event in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-BeaconHope-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-HistoryProLife-10">[10]</a> Pence said in 2018 he supported an overturn of <a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a>, but denied U.S. Supreme Court justice <a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> was nominated for that purpose.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2020 United States presidential debates">2020 vice presidential debate</a>, when moderator <a href="/wiki/Susan_Page" title="Susan Page">Susan Page</a> asked what he would want states to do if Roe were overturned, Pence refused to endorse criminalizing abortion, instead simply referring to himself as "pro-life".<a href="#cite_note-:4-4">[4]</a> The day the Supreme Court overturned Roe in June 2022, Pence told <a href="/wiki/Breitbart_News" title="Breitbart News">Breitbart News</a>: "Roe v. Wade has been consigned to the ash heap of history...Having been given this second chance for life, we must not rest and must not relent until the sanctity of life is restored to the center of American law in every state in the land."<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_views">Social views</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Social views">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Race">Race</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Race">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vice_President_Pence_in_Ohio_(50057856658).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Vice_President_Pence_in_Ohio_%2850057856658%29.jpg/220px-Vice_President_Pence_in_Ohio_%2850057856658%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Vice_President_Pence_in_Ohio_%2850057856658%29.jpg/330px-Vice_President_Pence_in_Ohio_%2850057856658%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Vice_President_Pence_in_Ohio_%2850057856658%29.jpg/440px-Vice_President_Pence_in_Ohio_%2850057856658%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4778" data-file-height="3185" /></a><figcaption>Pence speaking to police officers in <a href="/wiki/Youngstown,_Ohio" title="Youngstown, Ohio">Youngstown, Ohio</a>, June 25, 2020</figcaption></figure> During <a href="/wiki/Juneteenth" title="Juneteenth">Juneteenth</a> Day of 2020, a television journalist asked Pence if he would say the words <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a>. Pence replied that <a href="/wiki/All_lives_matter" class="mw-redirect" title="All lives matter">all lives matter</a>. He added that no significant U.S. group would disagree, as he saw it, about "the preciousness and importance of every human life".<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Pence denounced the <a href="/wiki/Police_abolition_movement" title="Police abolition movement">police abolition movement</a> when speaking to a police union rally in Philadelphia in July 2020, commenting how "we also don't need to choose between supporting our police and supporting African American families here in Philadelphia or anywhere in America. We can do both. We have done both."<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_rights">LGBT rights</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: LGBT rights">edit</a>]</div> Pence has been a staunch opponent of efforts to expand LGBT civil rights, during both his governorship and his tenure as a member of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a>. In 2000, his congressional campaign website said, "Congress should oppose any effort to recognize homosexuals as a "<a href="/wiki/Discrete_and_insular_minority" class="mw-redirect" title="Discrete and insular minority">discrete and insular minority</a>" entitled to the protection of anti-discrimination laws similar to those extended to women and ethnic minorities."<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Also included on his website was a call for "an audit to ensure that federal dollars were no longer being given to organizations that celebrate and encourage the types of behaviors that facilitate the spreading of the HIV virus" and instead advocated that "Resources should be directed toward those institutions which provide assistance to those seeking to change their sexual behavior."<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Some LGBT rights advocates have cited this as evidence of Pence endorsing <a href="/wiki/Conversion_therapy" title="Conversion therapy">conversion therapy</a>, a charge he denies.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In 2007, Pence voted against the <a href="/wiki/Employment_Non-Discrimination_Act" title="Employment Non-Discrimination Act">Employment Non-Discrimination Act</a>, which would have banned workplace discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.<a href="#cite_note-Drabold-22">[22]</a> Pence opposed the 2009 <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Shepard_Hate_Crimes_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Act">Matthew Shepard Hate Crimes Act</a>,<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> saying that Obama wanted to "advance a radical social agenda"<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> and said that pastors "could be charged or be subject to intimidation for simply expressing a Biblical worldview on the issue of homosexual behavior."<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In 2009, Pence claimed that there was "no evidence of any hate crimes occurring against individuals for gender identity."<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Pence has said that homosexuals should not serve in the military, saying, "Homosexuality is incompatible with military service because the presence of homosexuals in the ranks weakens unit cohesion."<a href="#cite_note-RingAdvocate-27">[27]</a> Pence opposed <a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Ask,_Don%27t_Tell_Repeal_Act_of_2010" title="Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010">the repeal</a> of "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_ask,_don%27t_tell" title="Don't ask, don't tell">don't ask, don't tell</a>", saying in 2010 that allowing <a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation_and_gender_identity_in_the_United_States_military" title="Sexual orientation and gender identity in the United States military">gays and lesbians to openly serve</a> in the military would "have an impact on unit cohesion".<a href="#cite_note-RingAdvocate-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTCompareShepherdRappeport-28">[28]</a> Pence opposes both <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_States" title="Same-sex marriage in the United States">same-sex marriage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civil_union" title="Civil union">civil unions</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> While in the House, he said that "societal collapse was always brought about following an advent of the deterioration of marriage and family."<a href="#cite_note-Altman_2016-30">[30]</a> He has advocated a constitutional same-sex marriage ban but did not champion such a proposed ban for his first year as governor.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> In March 2019, former vice president <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> referred to Pence as "a decent guy" during a speech at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_Omaha" title="University of Nebraska Omaha">University of Nebraska Omaha</a>, a month before Biden announced <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign">his 2020 presidential campaign</a>. LGBT groups, progressive leaders and celebrities strongly criticized him, with <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Nixon" title="Cynthia Nixon">Cynthia Nixon</a>, an actress and candidate in the <a href="/wiki/2018_New_York_gubernatorial_election" title="2018 New York gubernatorial election">2018 New York gubernatorial election</a>, chastising Biden on Twitter, to which Biden responded by apologizing and criticizing Pence's stance on LGBT rights. Nixon later penned an op-ed in <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> calling Pence "insidious and dangerous" for his actions on LGBT rights, claiming about Biden's comments that "it's easy to say nice things about Pence when you're not personally threatened by his agenda. If Biden were being directly attacked in the same way that our community is, I think he would see Pence from a very different vantage point."<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_policy">Economic policy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Economic policy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FEMA_-_35668_-_FEMA_Administrator_Paulison_with_Indiana_Governor_Daniels_at_Press_Conference_in_Indiana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/FEMA_-_35668_-_FEMA_Administrator_Paulison_with_Indiana_Governor_Daniels_at_Press_Conference_in_Indiana.jpg/220px-FEMA_-_35668_-_FEMA_Administrator_Paulison_with_Indiana_Governor_Daniels_at_Press_Conference_in_Indiana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/FEMA_-_35668_-_FEMA_Administrator_Paulison_with_Indiana_Governor_Daniels_at_Press_Conference_in_Indiana.jpg/330px-FEMA_-_35668_-_FEMA_Administrator_Paulison_with_Indiana_Governor_Daniels_at_Press_Conference_in_Indiana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/FEMA_-_35668_-_FEMA_Administrator_Paulison_with_Indiana_Governor_Daniels_at_Press_Conference_in_Indiana.jpg/440px-FEMA_-_35668_-_FEMA_Administrator_Paulison_with_Indiana_Governor_Daniels_at_Press_Conference_in_Indiana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3216" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>U.S. representative Pence (third from left) behind Indiana governor <a href="/wiki/Mitch_Daniels" title="Mitch Daniels">Mitch Daniels</a> at a press conference, 2008</figcaption></figure> Pence was a co-sponsor of a 2011 spending limit amendment to the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Constitution">U.S. Constitution</a>, which was introduced by Michigan U.S. representative <a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a>. The amendment proposed limiting federal spending to "the average annual revenue collected in the three prior years, adjusted in proportion to changes in population and inflation".<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> In regards to adopting the <a href="/wiki/Gold_standard" title="Gold standard">gold standard</a>, Pence said in 2011, "the time has come to have a debate over gold and the proper role it should play in our nation's monetary affairs."<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Pence proposed legislation to end the dual mandate of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve" title="Federal Reserve">Federal Reserve</a> (maximizing employment and stabilizing prices), requiring the Fed to just focus on price stability and not <a href="/wiki/Full_employment" title="Full employment">full employment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> He has been a proponent of a <a href="/wiki/Flat_tax" title="Flat tax">flat federal tax rate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SteinhauserFlatTax-38">[38]</a> Pence opposed the 2008 <a href="/wiki/Troubled_Asset_Relief_Program" title="Troubled Asset Relief Program">Troubled Asset Relief Program</a> of 2008.<a href="#cite_note-SteinhauserFlatTax-38">[38]</a> Pence also opposed the <a href="/wiki/Effects_of_the_2008%E2%80%932010_automotive_industry_crisis_on_the_United_States" title="Effects of the 2008–2010 automotive industry crisis on the United States">automotive industry rescue</a> package of 2008–2009, which guided <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a> through bankruptcy.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In 2007, Pence voted against raising <a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_the_United_States" title="Minimum wage in the United States">the federal minimum wage</a> from $5.15 to $7.25 an hour over two years, saying it would "hurt the working poor".<a href="#cite_note-HuffPoMinWage-40">[40]</a> While in the House, Pence voted against the <a href="/wiki/Employee_Free_Choice_Act" title="Employee Free Choice Act">Employee Free Choice Act</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Card_check" title="Card check">card check</a>").<a href="#cite_note-MahoneyLabor-41">[41]</a> He voted against the <a href="/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act_of_2009" title="American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> He had publicly opposed the bill,<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> denouncing it as a failure, and called for a federal spending freeze.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Nevertheless, several months after voting against the bill, Pence privately sought $6 million in stimulus funds for projects in his district,<a href="#cite_note-huffstein-45">[45]</a> and in 2010, hosted a job fair for stimulus-backed employers.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> A Pence spokesperson said that "once it became law, he had a responsibility to support local efforts to secure funding for projects that could benefit people in his district."<a href="#cite_note-huffstein-45">[45]</a> Pence voted against the <a href="/wiki/Dodd%E2%80%93Frank_Wall_Street_Reform_and_Consumer_Protection_Act" title="Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act">Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Pence was a supporter of <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(politics)" title="Earmark (politics)">earmark</a> reform. He voted against the $139.7 billion Transportation–Treasury spending bill in June 2006, and in favor of a series of amendments proposed that same month by <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Flake" title="Jeff Flake">Jeff Flake</a> which would strip other members' earmarks from the federal budget.<a href="#cite_note-CohnEarmarks-48">[48]</a> On occasion, however, Pence secured earmarks for projects in his district.<a href="#cite_note-CohnEarmarks-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_Security">Social Security</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Social Security">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_debate_in_the_United_States" title="Social Security debate in the United States">Social Security debate in the United States</a></div> Pence supported president <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>'s unsuccessful 2005 proposal to partially privatize <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_(United_States)" title="Social Security (United States)">Social Security</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> by allowing workers to invest part of their <a href="/wiki/Federal_Insurance_Contributions_Act_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax">Social Security payroll taxes</a> in private investment accounts and <a href="/wiki/Means_test#United_States" title="Means test">reduce the increase in benefits for high-income</a> participants.<a href="#cite_note-SocialSecurityTrumpPence-50">[50]</a> Pence had previously proposed a similar but more aggressive reform plan than Bush's.<a href="#cite_note-SocialSecurityTrumpPence-50">[50]</a> When asked in 2010 if he would be willing to make cuts to Social Security, Pence answered, "I think everything has to be on the table."<a href="#cite_note-SocialSecurityTrumpPence-50">[50]</a> When asked if he would raise the retirement age, he said, "I'm an all-of-the-above guy. We need look at everything on the menu."<a href="#cite_note-SocialSecurityTrumpPence-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_care">Health care</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Health care">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mike_Pence_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mike_Pence_2011.jpg/220px-Mike_Pence_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mike_Pence_2011.jpg/330px-Mike_Pence_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Mike_Pence_2011.jpg/440px-Mike_Pence_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Pence speaking at a <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party</a> rally, 2011</figcaption></figure> Pence voted against <a href="/wiki/Medicare_Prescription_Drug,_Improvement,_and_Modernization_Act" title="Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act">the act that created Medicare Part D</a> (a prescription drug benefit)<a href="#cite_note-Barbaro-51">[51]</a> and against the <a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a> (ACA).<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In June 2012, after the Supreme Court upheld the ACA in <a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Independent_Business_v._Sebelius" title="National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius">NFIB v. Sebelius</a>, Pence likened the ruling to the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a> in a closed-door meeting of the <a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">House Republican Conference</a>. He immediately apologized for making the statement.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Pence wrote an article that appeared on his 2000 congressional campaign website arguing against <a href="/wiki/Tobacco_Master_Settlement_Agreement" title="Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement">the tobacco settlement</a> and tobacco regulation, saying they would create "new government bureaucracies" and encroach on private lives. He wrote, "despite the hysteria from the political class and the media, smoking doesn't kill."<a href="#cite_note-JesterScience-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-PenceTobaccoOpEd-55">[55]</a> Pence asserted, "two out of every three smokers does [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>] not die from a smoking related illness and nine out of ten smokers do not contract lung cancer," while acknowledging that "smoking isn't good for you" and people who smoke should quit.<a href="#cite_note-JesterScience-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-PenceTobaccoOpEd-55">[55]</a> In fact, smoking-related deaths comprise two out of three among those who smoke, twice as high as Pence claimed.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> In 2009, Pence voted against the <a href="/wiki/Family_Smoking_Prevention_and_Tobacco_Control_Act" title="Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act">Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act</a>, which allows the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> to <a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_tobacco_by_the_U.S._Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Regulation of tobacco by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration">regulate tobacco products</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Boyle-57">[57]</a> According to the CDC, Pence's state of Indiana has one of the worst smoking problems in America.<a href="#cite_note-FortuneScience-7">[7]</a> Pence was slow to support a needle exchange program in Indiana to combat a major HIV outbreak related to needle-sharing among <a href="/wiki/Opioid_epidemic_in_the_United_States" title="Opioid epidemic in the United States">opioid drug users</a>. While giving credit for the program's ultimate start, an AIDS research foundation director of public policy later deemed the outbreak "entirely preventable". <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Adams" title="Jerome Adams">Jerome Adams</a>, Pence's state health commissioner, defended Pence's pace at responding to the situation.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-needles-59">[59]</a> Republican state house representative <a href="/wiki/Edward_Clere" title="Edward Clere">Edward Clere</a>, concerned about the rapid spread of HIV in <a href="/wiki/Scott_County,_Indiana" title="Scott County, Indiana">Scott County, Indiana</a>, urged then-governor Pence to sign an executive order to allow <a href="/wiki/Needle_exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Needle exchange">needle exchange</a> programs to operate. After resisting the intervention for over two months, Pence spoke to the county sheriff, prayed for guidance, then finally capitulated in May 2015, signing an executive order that allowed such a program to address the epidemic. The rate of infection spread then slowed dramatically.<a href="#cite_note-needles-59">[59]</a> In February 2020, after conflicting statements by administration officials via television, it was announced that Pence would control all messaging from government health officials regarding <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">the COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Immigration">Immigration</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Immigration">edit</a>]</div> In June 2006, Pence unveiled an immigration plan (which he described as "No Amnesty Immigration reform") that would include increased border security, followed by strict enforcement of laws against hiring illegal aliens, and a <a href="/wiki/Guest_worker_program" title="Guest worker program">guest worker program</a>. This program would have required participants to apply from their home country to government-approved job placement agencies that match workers with employers who cannot find Americans for the job.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> The plan received support from conservatives such as <a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">Dick Armey</a>,<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> but attracted criticism from other conservatives such as <a href="/wiki/Richard_Viguerie" title="Richard Viguerie">Richard Viguerie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleoconservatives">paleoconservatives</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Schlafly" title="Phyllis Schlafly">Phyllis Schlafly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a>, who, as described by <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, collectively viewed Pence as lending "his conservative prestige to a form of liberal amnesty".<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Pence opposes <a href="/wiki/Birthright_citizenship_in_the_United_States" title="Birthright citizenship in the United States">birthright citizenship</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IndyCitizenship-65">[65]</a> Pence asserted in 2018 that the <a href="/wiki/Citizenship_Clause" title="Citizenship Clause">Citizenship Clause</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Amendment_to_the_U.S._Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution">Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution</a> (which provides that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside") would not apply to "people who are in the country illegally".<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> As a congressman, Pence co-sponsored a bill that would have limited citizenship to children born to at least one parent who is a citizen, immigrants living permanently in the U.S. or non-citizens performing active service in the Armed Forces.<a href="#cite_note-IndyCitizenship-65">[65]</a> In 2010, Pence voted against the <a href="/wiki/DREAM_Act" title="DREAM Act">DREAM Act</a>, which would grant the <a href="/wiki/Undocumented_youth_in_the_United_States" title="Undocumented youth in the United States">undocumented children</a> of illegal immigrants conditional non-immigrant status if they met certain requirements.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In 2010, Pence said <a href="/wiki/Arizona_SB_1070" title="Arizona SB 1070">Arizona SB 1070</a>, which at the time of passage in the same year was the nation's broadest and strictest anti-<a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">illegal immigration</a> legislation, was "a good faith to try and restore order to their communities".<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Patriot_Act">Patriot Act</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Patriot Act">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Patriot_Act" title="History of the Patriot Act">History of the Patriot Act</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:POTUS_visits_DHS_(32431456701).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/POTUS_visits_DHS_%2832431456701%29.jpg/220px-POTUS_visits_DHS_%2832431456701%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/POTUS_visits_DHS_%2832431456701%29.jpg/330px-POTUS_visits_DHS_%2832431456701%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/POTUS_visits_DHS_%2832431456701%29.jpg/440px-POTUS_visits_DHS_%2832431456701%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Pence swearing in <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kelly" title="John F. Kelly">John F. Kelly</a>, January 25, 2017</figcaption></figure> Pence supported the <a href="/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act">Patriot Act</a> on its passage in 2001,<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> and in 2005 called the act "essential to our continued success in the <a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">war on terror</a> here at home".<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> He was a sponsor of legislation in 2009 to extend three expiring provisions of the Patriot Act (the <a href="/wiki/Section_summary_of_the_Patriot_Act,_Title_II#Section_215:_Access_to_records_and_other_items_under_FISA" class="mw-redirect" title="Section summary of the Patriot Act, Title II">library records provision</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Roving_wiretap" title="Roving wiretap">roving-wiretap</a> provision, and the lone-wolf provision) for an additional ten years.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Foreign policy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VP_Mike_Pence_visits_the_Wester_wall_(39152593764).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/VP_Mike_Pence_visits_the_Wester_wall_%2839152593764%29.jpg/220px-VP_Mike_Pence_visits_the_Wester_wall_%2839152593764%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/VP_Mike_Pence_visits_the_Wester_wall_%2839152593764%29.jpg/330px-VP_Mike_Pence_visits_the_Wester_wall_%2839152593764%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/VP_Mike_Pence_visits_the_Wester_wall_%2839152593764%29.jpg/440px-VP_Mike_Pence_visits_the_Wester_wall_%2839152593764%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1401" /></a><figcaption>Pence at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Wall" title="Western Wall">Western Wall</a>, January 2018</figcaption></figure> Pence supported the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War_Resolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraq War Resolution">Iraq War Resolution</a>, which authorized <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">military action against Iraq</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BrowneCNN-72">[72]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>, Pence opposed setting a public withdrawal date from Iraq. During an April 2007 visit to <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>, Pence and <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> visited <a href="/wiki/Shorja" title="Shorja">Shorja</a> market, the site of a deadly attack in February 2007, which had claimed 61 lives. Pence and McCain described the visit as evidence that the security situation in Iraqi markets had improved.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> The visit to the market took place under tight security, including helicopters overhead, and The New York Times reported that the visit gave a false indication of how secure the area was because of the extremely heavy security forces protecting McCain.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Pence chaired the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Foreign_Affairs_Subcommittee_on_the_Middle_East,_North_Africa_and_Central_Asia" title="United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia">House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East</a> and was a prominent supporter of George W. Bush's <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War_troop_surge_of_2007" title="Iraq War troop surge of 2007">Iraq War troop surge of 2007</a>. At the time, Pence said "the surge is working" and defended the initial decision to invade in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-BrowneCNN-72">[72]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Donald_Trump_meets_with_Mohammed_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud,_March_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Donald_Trump_meets_with_Mohammed_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud%2C_March_2017.jpg/220px-Donald_Trump_meets_with_Mohammed_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud%2C_March_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Donald_Trump_meets_with_Mohammed_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud%2C_March_2017.jpg/330px-Donald_Trump_meets_with_Mohammed_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud%2C_March_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Donald_Trump_meets_with_Mohammed_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud%2C_March_2017.jpg/440px-Donald_Trump_meets_with_Mohammed_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud%2C_March_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Pence and Trump with <a href="/wiki/Crown_Prince_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia">Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia</a> <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_bin_Salman" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad bin Salman">Mohammad bin Salman</a> on March 14, 2017</figcaption></figure> Pence has opposed closing the <a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_detention_camp" title="Guantanamo Bay detention camp">Guantanamo Bay detention camp</a> and trying the suspected terrorists in the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-house1-75">[75]</a> As an alternative, he has said the "enemy combatants" should be tried in a military tribunal.<a href="#cite_note-house1-75">[75]</a> Pence has stated his support of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and its right to attack facilities in Iran to prevent the Iranians from developing nuclear weapons, has defended the actions of Israel in its use of deadly force in enforcing <a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_the_Gaza_Strip" title="Blockade of the Gaza Strip">the blockade of Gaza</a>, and has referred to Israel as "America's most cherished ally".<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> He visited Israel in 2014 to express his support, and in 2016 signed into law a bill which would ban Indiana from having any commercial dealings with a company that boycotts Israel.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> He opposes a <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian state">Palestinian state</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Pence criticized Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> and Barack Obama's alleged weak leadership, saying: "When Donald Trump and I observe that, as I've said in Syria, in Iran, in Ukraine, that the small and bullying leader of Russia has been stronger on the world stage than this administration, that's stating painful facts. That's not an endorsement of Vladimir Putin. That's an indictment of the weak and feckless leadership."<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joint_Press_Conference_by_the_Baltic_presidents_and_the_Vice_President_of_United_States_(36242929826).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Joint_Press_Conference_by_the_Baltic_presidents_and_the_Vice_President_of_United_States_%2836242929826%29.jpg/220px-Joint_Press_Conference_by_the_Baltic_presidents_and_the_Vice_President_of_United_States_%2836242929826%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Joint_Press_Conference_by_the_Baltic_presidents_and_the_Vice_President_of_United_States_%2836242929826%29.jpg/330px-Joint_Press_Conference_by_the_Baltic_presidents_and_the_Vice_President_of_United_States_%2836242929826%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Joint_Press_Conference_by_the_Baltic_presidents_and_the_Vice_President_of_United_States_%2836242929826%29.jpg/440px-Joint_Press_Conference_by_the_Baltic_presidents_and_the_Vice_President_of_United_States_%2836242929826%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>Joint press conference with the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic states</a> presidents and Pence, July 31, 2017</figcaption></figure> Two weeks prior to the <a href="/wiki/2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="2011 military intervention in Libya">NATO intervention in Libya</a>, Pence thanked the Obama administration and secretary of state <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> for their efforts to isolate the <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a> regime.<a href="#cite_note-PenceThankedClinton-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-ForeignPolPrioritiesLibya-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-SteinLibya-82">[82]</a> Pence expressed support for "a no-fly zone" and said "Gaddafi must go."<a href="#cite_note-PenceThankedClinton-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-ForeignPolPrioritiesLibya-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-SteinLibya-82">[82]</a> Pence condemned the "terrible savagery" <a href="/wiki/Rohingya_genocide" title="Rohingya genocide">against Rohingya Muslims</a> in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, saying "The images of the violence and its victims have shocked the American people, and decent people all over the world."<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Pence called on Turkish president <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a> to release <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Brunson" title="Andrew Brunson">Andrew Brunson</a>, an American pastor detained in the <a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%93present_purges_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="2016–present purges in Turkey">post-coup purges in Turkey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> On August 1, 2018, the U.S. Department of Treasury imposed sanctions on two senior <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Erdo%C4%9Fan_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet Erdoğan IV">Turkish government ministers</a> who were involved in the detention of Brunson.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Erdoğan said the U.S. behavior will force Turkey to look for new friends and allies.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> On July 26, 2018, Pence raised the <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_internment_camps" title="Xinjiang internment camps">Xinjiang internment camps</a> issue at Ministerial to Advance Religious Freedom,<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> saying that "Sadly, as we speak as well, Beijing is holding hundreds of thousands, and possibly millions, of <a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghur Muslims</a> in so-called "re-education camps", where they're forced to endure around-the-clock political indoctrination and to denounce their religious beliefs and their cultural identity as the goal."<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_trade">International trade</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: International trade">edit</a>]</div> Pence "has been a longtime, aggressive advocate of trade deals" between the U.S. and foreign countries.<a href="#cite_note-TrumpPenceDisagree-90">[90]</a> Pence has been a supporter of the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a>,<a href="#cite_note-TrumpPenceDisagree-90">[90]</a> and during his tenure in the House, he voted for every <a href="/wiki/Free_trade_agreements_of_the_United_States" title="Free trade agreements of the United States">free-trade agreement</a> that came before him.<a href="#cite_note-TankersleyTradeDeals-91">[91]</a> Pence voted in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Central_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Central American Free Trade Agreement">Central American Free Trade Agreement</a>; in favor of keeping the U.S. in the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a>; and in favor of <a href="/wiki/Permanent_normal_trade_relations#U.S._and_China" title="Permanent normal trade relations">permanent normal trade relations with China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TankersleyTradeDeals-91">[91]</a> Pence also supported bilateral <a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Colombia_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="United States–Colombia Free Trade Agreement">free-trade agreements with Colombia</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Korea_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="United States–Korea Free Trade Agreement">South Korea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93United_States_Trade_Promotion_Agreement" title="Panama–United States Trade Promotion Agreement">Panama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93United_States_Trade_Promotion_Agreement" title="Peru–United States Trade Promotion Agreement">Peru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oman%E2%80%93United_States_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Oman–United States Free Trade Agreement">Oman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93United_States_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Chile–United States Free Trade Agreement">Chile</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Singapore%E2%80%93United_States_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Singapore–United States Free Trade Agreement">Singapore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TankersleyTradeDeals-91">[91]</a> Pence's strong stance in favor of free trade sharply differed from the stance of his running mate Trump, who has condemned <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Liberalization_of_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberalization of trade">liberalization of trade</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TrumpPenceDisagree-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-TankersleyTradeDeals-91">[91]</a> Pence voted against the Trade and Globalization Act of 2007, which would have expanded <a href="/wiki/Trade_Adjustment_Assistance" title="Trade Adjustment Assistance">Trade Adjustment Assistance</a> to American workers adversely affected by globalization.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> However, in 2014, Pence called for the "swift adoption" of the <a href="/wiki/Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Trans-Pacific Partnership">Trans-Pacific Partnership</a>, urging Indiana's congressional delegation to support the trade deal.<a href="#cite_note-TrumpPenceDisagree-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate_change">Climate change</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate change">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_denial" title="Climate change denial">Climate change denial</a></div> Pence "does not accept <a href="/wiki/Scientific_consensus_on_climate_change" title="Scientific consensus on climate change">the scientific consensus</a> that human activity is the primary driver of <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>".<a href="#cite_note-AdragnaScott-93">[93]</a> In a 2001 op-ed, Pence called global warming "a myth" and added that "the earth is actually cooler today than it was about 50 years ago".<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-:42-95">[95]</a> In 2006 and 2009, Pence expressed the view that it was unclear whether global warming was <a href="/wiki/Attribution_of_recent_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Attribution of recent climate change">driven by human activity</a>, and in 2009 he told political commentator <a href="/wiki/Chris_Matthews" title="Chris Matthews">Chris Matthews</a> that there was a "growing skepticism in the scientific community about global warming".<a href="#cite_note-Pence-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> In 2009, Pence led the Republican effort to defeat the <a href="/wiki/American_Clean_Energy_and_Security_Act" title="American Clean Energy and Security Act">American Clean Energy and Security Act</a> (Waxman-Markey), a Democratic-backed bill to cut <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emission" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenhouse gas emission">greenhouse gas emissions</a> (and therefore <a href="/wiki/Combat_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat climate change">combat climate change</a>) through a <a href="/wiki/Cap-and-trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Cap-and-trade">cap-and-trade</a> system.<a href="#cite_note-AdragnaScott-93">[93]</a> On September 27, 2016, however, Pence said "there's no question" that <a href="/wiki/Human_impact_on_the_environment" title="Human impact on the environment">human activity affects both the climate and the environment</a>.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Pence holds a lifetime rating of four percent from the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Conservation_Voters" title="League of Conservation Voters">League of Conservation Voters</a>.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> While in the House, Pence "voted to eliminate funding for <a href="/wiki/Climate_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate education">climate education</a> programs and to prohibit the <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a> from regulating <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions" title="Greenhouse gas emissions">greenhouse gas emissions</a>".<a href="#cite_note-Hirji2016-100">[100]</a> Pence also "repeatedly voted against energy efficiency and renewable energy funding and rules" and voted "for several bills that supported <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">fossil fuel</a> development, including legislation promoting offshore drilling".<a href="#cite_note-Hirji2016-100">[100]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crime_and_illegal_drugs">Crime and illegal drugs</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Crime and illegal drugs">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bush_and_Pence.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bush_and_Pence.png/220px-Bush_and_Pence.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bush_and_Pence.png/330px-Bush_and_Pence.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Bush_and_Pence.png/440px-Bush_and_Pence.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="371" /></a><figcaption>Pence and George W. Bush, 2007</figcaption></figure> Pence has questioned proposals to decrease penalties for low-level <a href="/wiki/Marijuana" class="mw-redirect" title="Marijuana">marijuana</a> offenses in Indiana, saying the state should focus on "reducing crime, not reducing penalties".<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> In 2013, he expressed concern that a then-pending bill to revise the state's criminal code was not tough enough on drug crimes, and successfully lobbied to limit the reduction in sentencing of marijuana offenses.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> In 2016, Pence signed into law a measure that would reinstate a ten-year <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_minimum" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandatory minimum">mandatory minimum</a> prison sentence for certain drug offenders.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> During 2014, Pence sent a letter to U.S. attorney general <a href="/wiki/Eric_Holder" title="Eric Holder">Eric Holder</a>, saying Indiana would not comply with <a href="/wiki/Prison_Rape_Elimination_Act_of_2003" title="Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003">federal prison rape elimination standards</a> because they were "too expensive". According to the <a href="/wiki/Indiana_Department_of_Correction" title="Indiana Department of Correction">Indiana Department of Correction</a>, it would cost the state $15–20 million annually to comply with the guidelines. Pence said a number of rape prevention measures had already been "implemented".<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> In 2015, Pence signed Senate Bill 94 to lengthen the statute of limitations for rape—continuing for five years after sufficient DNA evidence is uncovered, enough recorded evidence is brought forth or discovered, or the offender confesses to the crime.<a href="#cite_note-indystar.com-106">[106]</a> Pence also signed Senate Bill 8 to allow the death penalty for beheadings if the victim was alive at the time of the offense.<a href="#cite_note-indystar.com-106">[106]</a><div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gambling">Gambling</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Gambling">edit</a>]</div> Pence has been an advocate of federal restrictions on online gambling. In 2006, he was one of 35 cosponsors of H.R. 4411, the Goodlatte–Leach Internet Gambling Prohibition Act,<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> and H.R. 4777, the Internet Gambling Prohibition Act.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campaign_finance">Campaign finance</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Campaign finance">edit</a>]</div> Pence praised the 2010 Supreme Court ruling in <a href="/wiki/Citizens_United_v._FEC" title="Citizens United v. FEC">Citizens United v. FEC</a> when it was announced. He said: <blockquote>Freedom won today in the Supreme Court. Today's ruling in the Citizens United case takes us one step closer to the Founding Fathers' vision of free speech, a vision that is cherished by all Americans and one Congress has a responsibility to protect. If the freedom of speech means anything, it means protecting the right of private citizens to voice opposition or support for their elected representatives. The fact that the court overturned a 20-year precedent speaks volumes about the importance of this issue.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a></blockquote> Pence described the <a href="/wiki/Bipartisan_Campaign_Reform_Act" title="Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act">Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act</a>, which regulates the <a href="/wiki/Financing_of_political_campaigns" class="mw-redirect" title="Financing of political campaigns">financing of political campaigns</a>, as "oppressive restrictions on free speech".<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidential_impeachment">Presidential impeachment</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Presidential impeachment">edit</a>]</div> In the late 1990s, Pence supported the <a href="/wiki/President_Bill_Clinton%27s_impeachment" class="mw-redirect" title="President Bill Clinton's impeachment">president Bill Clinton's impeachment</a>. Arguing for the moral requirements of the office of the presidency, Pence wrote that an American president with "bad moral habits" can "incinerate the planet", thus nothing less than a president who represents "all of our highest hopes and ideals and values" could be accepted. Pence also brought up "staggering rates of illegitimacy and divorce", mandating that "America needs to be able to look to her First Family as role models."<a href="#cite_note-moral1-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-moral2-112">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_positions_of_Mike_Pence&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> Monica Davey and Michael Barbaro. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/17/us/politics/mike-pence-conservative-abortion.html">"How Mike Pence Became a Conservative Hero: Unwavering Opposition to Abortion"</a>. 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Politico.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=How+Mike+Pence+embraced+Obamacare&rft.date=2016-07-15&rft.aulast=Pradhan&rft.aufirst=Rachana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2016%2F07%2Fmike-pence-obamacare-225590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolitical+positions+of+Mike+Pence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKliff2011" class="citation news cs1">Kliff, Sarah (February 16, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/story/2011/02/pences-war-on-planned-parenthood-049609">"Pence's war on Planned Parenthood"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:h.r.04411:">the original</a> on November 25, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thomas+%28Library+of+Congress%29%3A+HR+4411&rft.pub=Thomas.loc.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthomas.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fbdquery%2Fz%3Fd109%3Ah.r.04411%3A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolitical+positions+of+Mike+Pence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141018013459/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:h.r.04777:">"Thomas (Library of Congress): HR 4777"</a>. Thomas.loc.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:h.r.04777:">the original</a> on October 18, 2014. Retrieved November 5, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thomas+%28Library+of+Congress%29%3A+HR+4777&rft.pub=Thomas.loc.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthomas.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fbdquery%2Fz%3Fd109%3Ah.r.04777%3A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolitical+positions+of+Mike+Pence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://votesmart.org/public-statement/479161/pence-praises-supreme-court-decision-in-citizens-united-case#.V5qGa5OLSfQ">"The Voter's Self Defense System"</a>. Project Vote Smart. Retrieved July 28, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Project+Vote+Smart&rft.atitle=The+Voter%27s+Self+Defense+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvotesmart.org%2Fpublic-statement%2F479161%2Fpence-praises-supreme-court-decision-in-citizens-united-case%23.V5qGa5OLSfQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolitical+positions+of+Mike+Pence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://votesmart.org/public-statement/479161/pence-praises-supreme-court-decision-in-citizens-united-case#.V9rUI5MrJTZ">"The Voter's Self Defense System"</a>. Project Vote Smart. Retrieved September 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Project+Vote+Smart&rft.atitle=The+Voter%27s+Self+Defense+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvotesmart.org%2Fpublic-statement%2F479161%2Fpence-praises-supreme-court-decision-in-citizens-united-case%23.V9rUI5MrJTZ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolitical+positions+of+Mike+Pence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-moral1-111"><a href="#cite_ref-moral1_111-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaczynski2018" class="citation web cs1">Kaczynski, Andrew (August 6, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2018/08/06/politics/kfile-mike-pence-moral-columns/index.html">"Mike Pence's moral case for removing a president from office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. Retrieved August 27, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mike+Pence%27s+moral+case+for+removing+a+president+from+office&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2018-08-06&rft.aulast=Kaczynski&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2018%2F08%2F06%2Fpolitics%2Fkfile-mike-pence-moral-columns%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolitical+positions+of+Mike+Pence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-moral2-112"><a href="#cite_ref-moral2_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolter" class="citation magazine cs1">Holter, Lauren. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bustle.com/p/mike-pence-quotes-about-impeachment-reveal-what-he-really-thinks-of-presidents-having-affairs-10026765">"Mike Pence Quotes About Impeachment Reveal What He Really Thinks Of Presidents Having Affairs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bustle_(magazine)" title="Bustle (magazine)">Bustle</a>. Retrieved August 27, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bustle&rft.atitle=Mike+Pence+Quotes+About+Impeachment+Reveal+What+He+Really+Thinks+Of+Presidents+Having+Affairs&rft.aulast=Holter&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bustle.com%2Fp%2Fmike-pence-quotes-about-impeachment-reveal-what-he-really-thinks-of-presidents-having-affairs-10026765&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolitical+positions+of+Mike+Pence" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mike_Pence" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">48th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (2017–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Indiana" title="List of governors of Indiana">50th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Indiana" title="Governor of Indiana">Governor of Indiana</a> (2013–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 2nd congressional district">IN–2</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indiana%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Indiana's 6th congressional district">IN–3</a> (2001–2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Space_Council" title="National Space Council">National Space Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_America_Committee" title="Great America Committee">Great America Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Freedom_Restoration_Act_(Indiana)" title="Religious Freedom Restoration Act (Indiana)">Religious Freedom Restoration Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Policy_Review_Foundation" title="Indiana Policy Review Foundation">Indiana Policy Review Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence#Vice_presidency_(2017–2021)" title="Mike Pence">Vice presidency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidential_transition_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidential transition of Donald Trump">Trump transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Coronavirus_Task_Force" title="White House Coronavirus Task Force">White House Coronavirus Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidential transition of Joe Biden">Biden transition</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Mike_Pence" title="Electoral history of Mike Pence">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gubernatorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Indiana_gubernatorial_election" title="2012 Indiana gubernatorial election">2012</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign">2016 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2016 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_debates#October_4:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Longwood_University)" title="2016 United States presidential debates">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign">2020 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_National_Convention" title="2020 Republican National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_debates#October_7:_Vice_presidential_debate_(University_of_Utah)" title="2020 United States presidential debates">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence_2024_presidential_campaign" title="Mike Pence 2024 presidential campaign">2024 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2024 Republican Party presidential debates and forums">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endorsements_in_the_2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries#Mike_Pence" title="Endorsements in the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">endorsements</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modesto_Manifesto" class="mw-redirect" title="Modesto Manifesto">Modesto Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence_classified_documents_incident" title="Mike Pence classified documents incident">Classified documents incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_President_Show" title="The President Show">The President Show</a> (2017 TV series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Cartoon_President" title="Our Cartoon President">Our Cartoon President</a> (2018– TV series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Bundo%27s_A_Day_in_the_Life_of_the_Vice_President" title="Marlon Bundo's A Day in the Life of the Vice President">Marlon Bundo's A Day in the Life of the Vice President</a> (2018 book) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Life_of_Marlon_Bundo" title="A Day in the Life of Marlon Bundo">A Day in the Life of Marlon Bundo</a> (2018 parody book)</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Trump_Guy" title="Trump Guy">Trump Guy</a>" (2019 episode)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image_(2020_TV_series)" title="Spitting Image (2020 TV series)">Spitting Image</a> (2020– TV series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borat_Subsequent_Moviefilm" title="Borat Subsequent Moviefilm">Borat Subsequent Moviefilm</a> (2020 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Pence" title="Karen Pence">Karen Pence</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Pence_Bond" title="Charlotte Pence Bond">Charlotte Pence Bond</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Pence" title="Greg Pence">Greg Pence</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pence" title="John Pence">John Pence</a> (nephew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlon_Bundo" title="Marlon Bundo">Marlon Bundo</a> (rabbit)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">← Joe Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris →</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Mike_Pence" title="Category:Mike Pence">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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