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class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 71</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: micro-climate</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Performance of a Solar Heating System on the Microclimate of an Agricultural Greenhouse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nora%20Arbaoui">Nora Arbaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Tadili"> Rachid Tadili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilham%20Ihoume"> Ilham Ihoume</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change and its effects on low external temperatures in winter require great consumption of energy to improve the greenhouse microclimate and increase agricultural production. To reduce the amount of energy consumed, a solar system has been developed to heat an agricultural greenhouse. This system is based on a transfer fluid that will circulate inside the greenhouse through a solar copper coil positioned on the roof of the greenhouse. This thermal energy accumulated during the day will be stored to be released during the night to improve the greenhouse’s microclimate. The use of this solar heating system has resulted in an average increase in the greenhouse’s indoor temperature of 8.3°C compared to the outdoor environment. This improved temperature has created a more favorable climate for crops and has subsequently had a positive effect on their development, quality, and production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20system" title="solar system">solar system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20greenhouse" title=" agricultural greenhouse"> agricultural greenhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title=" heating"> heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling" title=" cooling"> cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drying" title=" drying"> drying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161297/performance-of-a-solar-heating-system-on-the-microclimate-of-an-agricultural-greenhouse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161297.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Microclimate Impacts on Solar Panel Power Generation in Midlands Area, UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stamatis%20Zoras">Stamatis Zoras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boris%20Ceranic"> Boris Ceranic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashley%20Redfern"> Ashley Redfern</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Green House Gas emissions from domestic properties currently account for a substantial part of the total UK’s carbon emissions and is a priority area for UK to reach zero carbon emissions. However, GHG emissions of urban complexes depend on building, road, structural developments etc surfaces that form urban microclimate. This in turn may further influence renewable energy system power generation that depend on solar or wind potential. Moreover, urban climatic conditions are also influenced by the installation of those power generation systems that may impact their own power generation efficiency. Increased air temperature is attributed to densely installed roof based solar panels that consequently impact their own production efficiency. Installation of roof based solar panels requires adequate guidance to enable housing businesses, councils and organisations to implement sufficient measures for improved power generation in relation to local urban microclimate. How microclimate is affected and how, in return, it affects solar power productivity. Derby Council & Derby Homes have been collecting solar panel power generation data for a large number of properties. The different building areas and system operation performance will be studied against microclimate conditions through time. It is envisaged that the outcomes of the study will support a working up strategy for Derby city to ensure that owned homes would be able to access information and data of solar photo voltaic PV and solar thermal panels potential on social housing, helping residents on low incomes create their own green energy to power their homes and heat their homeshot water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate" title="microclimate">microclimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20power" title=" solar power"> solar power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20climatology" title=" urban climatology"> urban climatology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20morphology" title=" urban morphology"> urban morphology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173852/microclimate-impacts-on-solar-panel-power-generation-in-midlands-area-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173852.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> A Performance Study of a Solar Heating System on the Microclimate of an Agricultural Greenhouse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nora%20Arbaoui">Nora Arbaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Tadili"> Rachid Tadili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on a solar system designed to heat an agricultural greenhouse. This solar system is based on the heating of a transfer fluid that circulates inside the greenhouse through a solar copper coil integrated into the roof of the greenhouse. The thermal energy stored during the day will be released during the night to improve the microclimate of the greenhouse. This system was tested in a small agricultural greenhouse in order to ameliorate the different operational parameters. The climatic and agronomic results obtained with this system are significant in comparison with a greenhouse with no heating system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20system" title="solar system">solar system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20greenhouse" title=" agricultural greenhouse"> agricultural greenhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title=" heating"> heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drying" title=" drying"> drying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167779/a-performance-study-of-a-solar-heating-system-on-the-microclimate-of-an-agricultural-greenhouse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167779.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> A Solar Heating System Performance on the Microclimate of an Agricultural Greenhouse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nora%20Arbaoui">Nora Arbaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Tadili"> Rachid Tadili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The experiment adopted a natural technique of heating and cooling an agricultural greenhouse to reduce the fuel consumption and CO2 emissions based on the heating of a transfer fluid that circulates inside the greenhouse through a solar copper coil positioned at the roof of the greenhouse. This experimental study is devoted to the performance evaluation of a solar heating system to improve the microclimate of a greenhouse during the cold period, especially in the Mediterranean climate. This integrated solar system for heating has a positive impact on the quality and quantity of the products under the study greenhouse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20system" title="solar system">solar system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20greenhouse" title=" agricultural greenhouse"> agricultural greenhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title=" heating"> heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174386/a-solar-heating-system-performance-on-the-microclimate-of-an-agricultural-greenhouse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174386.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Simulation of the Impact of Street Tree Species on the Urban Microclimate: A Case Study of El-Houria Neighborhood in Mostaganem, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bachir%20Nora">Bachir Nora</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Integrating vegetation into urban environments is crucial for enhancing quality of life, particularly through microclimate regulation and the reduction of urban heat islands. This study investigates the impact of different street tree species on the urban microclimate in the El-Houria neighborhood of Mostaganem, Algeria, using the ENVI-met software for advanced environmental simulations. it focused on three tree species—Robinia pseudo-acacia, Populus alba, and Jacaranda mimosifolia—to evaluate their effectiveness in influencing key meteorological parameters, including air temperature, mean radiant temperature, surface temperature, and the predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) thermal comfort index. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare these parameters across different tree species, ensuring the robustness of our findings. Our results indicate that Robinia pseudo-acacia is the most effective species, capable of reducing air temperature by up to 1°C and surface temperature by up to 12°C. These findings underscore the importance of strategically selecting tree species to mitigate the effects of climate change, improve thermal comfort, and reduce energy consumption in urban settings. The study offers valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers, providing practical guidance for sustainable urban design practices tailored to the Algerian context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20islands" title="heat islands">heat islands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate%20simulation" title=" microclimate simulation"> microclimate simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20tree%20alignment" title=" street tree alignment"> street tree alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20design" title=" sustainable urban design"> sustainable urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort." title=" thermal comfort."> thermal comfort.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189371/simulation-of-the-impact-of-street-tree-species-on-the-urban-microclimate-a-case-study-of-el-houria-neighborhood-in-mostaganem-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Assessment of the Thermal Performance of a Solar Heating System on an Agricultural Greenhouse Microclimate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nora%20Arbaoui">Nora Arbaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Tadili"> Rachid Tadili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The substantial increase of areas cultivated under glasshouses compels the use of other natural heating and cooling procedures to make a profit as well as avoid both exorbitant fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions. This experimental study is designed to examine the functioning of a solar heating system that will increase positive consequences in terms of both quantity and quality while successfully enhancing greenhouse microclimate during wintertime. Those configurations have been tested in a miniaturized greenhouse simply after having optimized the operating parameters. These were noteworthy results when compared to an unheated witness greenhouse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20system" title="solar system">solar system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20greenhouse" title=" agricultural greenhouse"> agricultural greenhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title=" heating"> heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling" title=" cooling"> cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drying" title=" drying"> drying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189034/assessment-of-the-thermal-performance-of-a-solar-heating-system-on-an-agricultural-greenhouse-microclimate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Indoor Air Pollution of the Flexographic Printing Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelena%20S.%20Kiurski">Jelena S. Kiurski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vesna%20S.%20Keci%C4%87"> Vesna S. Kecić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sne%C5%BEana%20M.%20Aksentijevi%C4%87"> Snežana M. Aksentijević</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The identification and evaluation of organic and inorganic pollutants were performed in a flexographic facility in Novi Sad, Serbia. Air samples were collected and analyzed <em>in situ</em>, during 4-hours working time at five sampling points by the mobile gas chromatograph and ozonometer at the printing of collagen casing. Experimental results showed that the concentrations of isopropyl alcohol, acetone, total volatile organic compounds and ozone varied during the sampling times. The highest average concentrations of 94.80 ppm and 102.57 ppm were achieved at 200 minutes from starting the production for isopropyl alcohol and total volatile organic compounds, respectively. The mutual dependences between target hazardous and microclimate parameters were confirmed using a multiple linear regression model with software package STATISTICA 10. Obtained multiple coefficients of determination in the case of ozone and acetone (0.507 and 0.589) with microclimate parameters indicated a moderate correlation between the observed variables. However, a strong positive correlation was obtained for isopropyl alcohol and total volatile organic compounds (0.760 and 0.852) with microclimate parameters. Higher values of parameter <em>F</em> than <em>F<sub>critical</sub></em> for all examined dependences indicated the existence of statistically significant difference between the concentration levels of target pollutants and microclimates parameters. Given that, the microclimate parameters significantly affect the emission of investigated gases and the application of eco-friendly materials in production process present a necessity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexographic%20printing" title="flexographic printing">flexographic printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20air" title=" indoor air"> indoor air</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20regression%20analysis" title=" multiple regression analysis"> multiple regression analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution%20emission" title=" pollution emission"> pollution emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44336/indoor-air-pollution-of-the-flexographic-printing-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Microclimate Variations in Rio de Janeiro Related to Massive Public Transportation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marco%20E.%20O.%20Jardim">Marco E. O. Jardim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederico%20A.%20M.%20Souza"> Frederico A. M. Souza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valeria%20M.%20Bastos"> Valeria M. Bastos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myrian%20C.%20A.%20Costa"> Myrian C. A. Costa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nelson%20F.%20F.%20Ebecken"> Nelson F. F. Ebecken </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban public transportation in Rio de Janeiro is based on bus lines, powered by diesel, and four limited metro lines that support only some neighborhoods. This work presents an infrastructure built to better understand microclimate variations related to massive urban transportation in some specific areas of the city. The use of sensor nodes with small analytics capacity provides environmental information to population or public services. The analyses of data collected from a few small sensors positioned near some heavy traffic streets show the harmful impact due to poor bus route plan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data" title="big data">big data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transportation" title=" public transportation"> public transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health%20system" title=" public health system"> public health system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108752/microclimate-variations-in-rio-de-janeiro-related-to-massive-public-transportation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Evaluating the Impact of Urban Green Spaces on Urban Microclimate of Lahore: A Rapidly Urbanizing Metropolis of the Punjab-Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nasar-U-Minallah">Muhammad Nasar-U-Minallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dagmar%20Haase"> Dagmar Haase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Qureshi"> Salman Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safdar%20Ali%20Shirazi"> Safdar Ali Shirazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban green spaces (UGS) play a key role in the urban ecology of an area since they provide significant ecological services to compensate for natural environment functions damaged by the rapid growth of urbanization. The transformation of urban green specs to impervious landscapes has been recognized as a key factor prompting the distinctive urban heat and associated microclimatic changes. There is no doubt that urban green spaces offer a range of ecosystem services that can help to mitigate the ill effects of urbanization, heat anomalies, and climate change. The present study attempts to appraise the impact of urban green spaces on the urban thermal environment for the development of the microclimatic conditions in Lahore, Pakistan. The influence of urban heat has been studied through Landsat 8 data. The land surface temperature (LST) of Lahore was computed through the Radiative transfer method (RTM). The spatial variation of land surface temperature is retrieved to describe their local heat effect on urban microclimate. The association between the LST, normalized difference vegetation index, and the normalized difference built-up index are investigated to explore the impact of the urban green spaces and impervious surfaces on urban microclimate. The results of this study show significant changes in (impervious land surface 18% increase) land use within the study area. However, conversion of natural green cover to commercial and residential uses considerably increases the LST. Furthermore, results show that green spaces were the major heat sinks while impervious landscapes were the major heat source in the study area. Urban green spaces reveal 1 to 3℃ lower LST associated with their surrounding urban built-up area. This study shows that urban green spaces will help to mitigate the effect of urban microclimate and it is significant for the sustainable urban environment as well as to improve the quality of life of the urban inhabitants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20environmental" title="thermal environmental">thermal environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20green%20space" title=" urban green space"> urban green space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20effect" title=" cooling effect"> cooling effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate" title=" microclimate"> microclimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lahore" title=" Lahore"> Lahore</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148868/evaluating-the-impact-of-urban-green-spaces-on-urban-microclimate-of-lahore-a-rapidly-urbanizing-metropolis-of-the-punjab-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> CFD Simulations to Examine Natural Ventilation of a Work Area in a Public Building</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=An-Shik%20Yang">An-Shik Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiang-Ho%20Cheng"> Chiang-Ho Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jen-Hao%20Wu"> Jen-Hao Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Hsuan%20Juan"> Yu-Hsuan Juan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural ventilation has played an important role for many low energy-building designs. It has been also noticed as a essential subject to persistently bring the fresh cool air from the outside into a building. This study carried out the computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based simulations to examine the natural ventilation development of a work area in a public building. The simulated results can be useful to better understand the indoor microclimate and the interaction of wind with buildings. Besides, this CFD simulation procedure can serve as an effective analysis tool to characterize the airing performance, and thereby optimize the building ventilation for strengthening the architects, planners and other decision makers on improving the natural ventilation design of public buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20simulations" title="CFD simulations">CFD simulations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20ventilation" title=" natural ventilation"> natural ventilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate" title=" microclimate"> microclimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20environment" title=" wind environment"> wind environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7505/cfd-simulations-to-examine-natural-ventilation-of-a-work-area-in-a-public-building" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Improved Thermal Comfort in Cabin Aircraft with in-Seat Microclimate Conditioning Module</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathieu%20Le%20Cam">Mathieu Le Cam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tejaswinee%20Darure"> Tejaswinee Darure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mateusz%20Pawlucki"> Mateusz Pawlucki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate control of cabin aircraft is traditionally conditioned as a single unit by the environmental control system. Cabin temperature is controlled by the crew while passengers of the aircraft have control on the gaspers providing fresh air from the above head area. The small nozzles are difficult to reach and adjust to meet the passenger’s needs in terms of flow and direction. More dedicated control over the near environment of each passenger can be beneficial in many situations. The European project COCOON, funded under Clean Sky 2, aims at developing and demonstrating a microclimate conditioning module (MCM) integrated into a standard economy 3-seat row. The system developed will lead to improved passenger comfort with more control on their personal thermal area. This study focuses on the assessment of thermal comfort of passengers in the cabin aircraft through simulation on the TAITherm modelling platform. A first analysis investigates thermal comfort and sensation of passengers in varying cabin environmental conditions: from cold to very hot scenarios, with and without MCM installed in the seats. The modelling platform is also used to evaluate the impact of different physiologies of passengers on their thermal comfort as well as different seat locations. Under the current cabin conditions, a passenger of a 50th percentile body size is feeling uncomfortably cool due to the high velocity cabin air ventilation. The simulation shows that the in-seat MCM developed in COCOON project improves the thermal comfort of the passenger. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cabin%20aircraft" title="cabin aircraft">cabin aircraft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-seat%20HVAC" title=" in-seat HVAC"> in-seat HVAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate%20conditioning%20module" title=" microclimate conditioning module"> microclimate conditioning module</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132315/improved-thermal-comfort-in-cabin-aircraft-with-in-seat-microclimate-conditioning-module" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Observation and Analysis of Urban Micro-Climate and Urban Morphology on Block Scale in Zhengzhou City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linlin%20Guo">Linlin Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baofeng%20Li"> Baofeng Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zhengzhou is a typical plain city with a high population density and a permanent population of 10 million, located in central China. The scale of this city is constantly expanding, and the urban form has changed dramatically by the accelerating process of urbanization, which makes a great effect on the urban microclimate. In order to study the influence of block morphology on urban micro-climate, air temperature, humidity, wind velocity and so on in three typical types of blocks in the center of Zhengzhou were collected, which was chosen to perform the fixed and mobile observation. After data handling and analysis, a series of graphs and diagrams were obtained to reflect the differences in the influence of different types of block morphology on the urban microclimate. These can provide targeted strategies for urban design to improve and regulate urban micro-climate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20micro-climate" title="urban micro-climate">urban micro-climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=block%20morphology" title=" block morphology"> block morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20and%20mobile%20observation" title=" fixed and mobile observation"> fixed and mobile observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92713/observation-and-analysis-of-urban-micro-climate-and-urban-morphology-on-block-scale-in-zhengzhou-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> The Potential Effect of Sexual Selection on the Distal Genitalia Variability of the Simultaneously Hermaphroditic Land Snail Helix aperta in Bejaia/Kabylia/Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benbellil-Tafoughalt%20Saida">Benbellil-Tafoughalt Saida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tababouchet%20Meriem"> Tababouchet Meriem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sexual selection is the most supported explanation for genital extravagance occurring in animals. In promiscuous species, population density, as well as climate conditions, may act on the sperm competition intensity, one of the most important mechanism of post-copulatory sexual selection. The present study is empirical testing of sexual selection's potential role on genitalia variation in the simultanuously hermaphroditic land snail Helixaperta (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora). The purpose was to detect the patterns as well as the origin of the distal genitalia variability and especially to test the potential effect of sexual selection. The study was performed on four populations, H. aperta, different in habitat humidity regimes and presenting variable densities, which were mostly low. The organs of interest were those involved in spermatophore production, reception, and manipulation. We examined whether the evolution of those organs is connected to sperm competition intensity which is traduced by both population density and microclimate humidity. We also tested the hypothesis that those organs evolve in response to shell size. The results revealed remarkable differences in both snails’ size and organs lengths between populations. In most cases, the length of genitalia correlated positively to snails’ body size. Interestingly, snails from the more humid microclimate presented the highest mean weight and shell dimensions comparing to those from the less humid microclimate. However, we failed to establish any relation between snail densities and any of the measured genitalia traits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilization%20pouch" title="fertilization pouch">fertilization pouch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helix%20aperta" title=" helix aperta"> helix aperta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20snails" title=" land snails"> land snails</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproduction" title=" reproduction"> reproduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sperm%20storage" title=" sperm storage"> sperm storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spermatheca" title=" spermatheca"> spermatheca</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142724/the-potential-effect-of-sexual-selection-on-the-distal-genitalia-variability-of-the-simultaneously-hermaphroditic-land-snail-helix-aperta-in-bejaiakabyliaalgeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> The Impact of Green Building Envelopes on the Urban Microclimate of the Urban Canopy-Case Study: Fawzy Moaz Street, Alexandria, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amany%20Haridy">Amany Haridy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Elseragy"> Ahmed Elseragy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahd%20Omar"> Fahd Omar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The issue of temperature increase in the urban microclimate has been at the center of attention recently, especially in dense urban areas, such as the City of Alexandria in Egypt, where building surfaces have become the dominant element (more than green areas and streets). Temperatures have been rising during daytime as well as nighttime, however, the research focused on the rise of air temperature at night, a phenomenon known as the urban heat island. This phenomenon has many effects on ecological life, as well as human health. This study provided evidence of the possibility of reducing the urban heat island by using a green building envelope (green wall and green roof) in Alexandria, Egypt. This City has witnessed a boom in growth in its urban fabric and population. A simulation analysis using the Envi-met software to find the ratio of air temperature reduction was performed. The simulation depended on the orientation of the green areas and their density, which was defined through a process of climatic analysis made by the Diva plugin using the Grasshopper software. Results showed that the reduction in air temperature varies from 0.8–2.0 °C, increasing with the increasing density of green areas. Many systems of green wall and green roof can be found in the local market. However, treating an existing building requires a careful choice of system to fit the building construction load and the surrounding nature. Among the systems of choice, there was the ‘geometric system’ of vertical greening that can be fixed on a light aluminum structure for walls and the extensive green system for roofs. Finally, native plants were the best choice in the long term because they fare well in the local climate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=envi-met" title="envi-met">envi-met</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20building%20envelope" title=" green building envelope"> green building envelope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20heat%20island" title=" urban heat island"> urban heat island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20microclimate" title=" urban microclimate"> urban microclimate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92785/the-impact-of-green-building-envelopes-on-the-urban-microclimate-of-the-urban-canopy-case-study-fawzy-moaz-street-alexandria-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> Thermal And Moisture Management in the Micro-Climate of Socks for Diabetic Foot Care: The Role of Mohair-Wool Content</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adine%20Gericke">Adine Gericke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohanapriya%20Venkataraman"> Mohanapriya Venkataraman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the performance of mohair and wool fibers in socks for diabetics, where meticulous design to ensure a stable microclimate is crucial for maintaining optimal foot health. The thermal and moisture management properties of fabrics and socks were evaluated on the Alambeta and Thermal Foot Manikin and in-wear trials with thermo-chromic dataloggers. An in-vitro method that simulates in-use conditions was developed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the results. Mohair-wool socks outperformed polyester, maintaining lower humidity and preventing microclimate dryness due to their enhanced moisture absorption. Fabric structure, particularly thickness, significantly influenced thermal resistance. The findings suggest that mohair-wool is an excellent choice for diabetic socks, offering both moisture management and customizable thermal properties. The study also demonstrates the effectiveness of various test methods in predicting the in-use performance of socks, going beyond traditional laboratory testing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-physiological%20comfort" title="thermo-physiological comfort">thermo-physiological comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-climate" title=" micro-climate"> micro-climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20resistance" title=" thermal resistance"> thermal resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20management" title=" moisture management"> moisture management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20foot%20care" title=" diabetic foot care"> diabetic foot care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198856/thermal-and-moisture-management-in-the-micro-climate-of-socks-for-diabetic-foot-care-the-role-of-mohair-wool-content" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Assessment of Microclimate in Abu Dhabi Neighborhoods: On the Utilization of Native Landscape in Enhancing Thermal Comfort</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Al%20Mheiri">Maryam Al Mheiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Al%20Awadi"> Khaled Al Awadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban population is continuously increasing worldwide and the speed at which cities urbanize creates major challenges, particularly in terms of creating sustainable urban environments. Rapid urbanization often leads to negative environmental impacts and changes in the urban microclimates. Moreover, when rapid urbanization is paired with limited landscape elements, the effects on human health due to the increased pollution, and thermal comfort due to Urban Heat Island effects are increased. Urban Heat Island (UHI) describes the increase of urban temperatures in urban areas in comparison to its rural surroundings, and, as we discuss in this paper, it impacts on pedestrian comfort, reducing the number of walking trips and public space use. It is thus very necessary to investigate the quality of outdoor built environments in order to improve the quality of life incites. The main objective of this paper is to address the morphology of Emirati neighborhoods, setting a quantitative baseline by which to assess and compare spatial characteristics and microclimate performance of existing typologies in Abu Dhabi. This morphological mapping and analysis will help to understand the built landscape of Emirati neighborhoods in this city, whose form has changed and evolved across different periods. This will eventually help to model the use of different design strategies, such as landscaping, to mitigate UHI effects and enhance outdoor urban comfort. Further, the impact of different native plants types and native species in reducing UHI effects and enhancing outdoor urban comfort, allowing for the assessment of the impact of increasing landscaped areas in these neighborhoods. This study uses ENVI-met, an analytical, three-dimensional, high-resolution microclimate modeling software. This micro-scale urban climate model will be used to evaluate existing conditions and generate scenarios in different residential areas, with different vegetation surfaces and landscaping, and examine their impact on surface temperatures during summer and autumn. In parallel to these simulations, field measurement will be included to calibrate the Envi-met model. This research therefore takes an experimental approach, using simulation software, and a case study strategy for the evaluation of a sample of residential neighborhoods. A comparison of the results of these scenarios constitute a first step towards making recommendations about what constitutes sustainable landscapes for Abu Dhabi neighborhoods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landscape" title="landscape">landscape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate" title=" microclimate"> microclimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=native%20plants" title=" native plants"> native plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20neighborhoods" title=" sustainable neighborhoods"> sustainable neighborhoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20heat%20island" title=" urban heat island"> urban heat island</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62657/assessment-of-microclimate-in-abu-dhabi-neighborhoods-on-the-utilization-of-native-landscape-in-enhancing-thermal-comfort" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Implication of Built-Up Area, Vegetation, and Motorized Vehicles to Urban Microclimate in Bandung City Center</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ira%20Irawati">Ira Irawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Rangga%20Sururi"> Muhammad Rangga Sururi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The expansion of built-up areas in many cities, particularly, as the consequences of urbanization process, is a common phenomenon in our contemporary world. As happened in many cities in developing world, this horizontal expansion let only a handful size of the area left for green open spaces, creating an extreme unbalance between built-up and green spaces. Combined with the high density and variety of human activities with its transportation modes; a process of urban heat island will occur, resulting in an increase in air temperature. This is one of the indicators of decreasing of the quality of urban microclimate. This paper will explore the effect of several variables of built-up areas and open spaces to the increase of air temperature using multiple linear regression analysis. We selected 11 zones within the radius of 1 km in Inner Bandung city center, and each zones measured within 300 m radius to represent the variety of land use, as well as the composition of buildings and green open spaces. By using a quantitative method which is multiple linear regression analysis, six dependent variables which are a) tree density-x1, b) shade level of tree-x2, c) surface area of buildings’ side which are facing west and east-x3, d) surface area of building side material-x4, e) surface area of pathway material, and f) numbers of motorized vehicles-x6; are calculated to find those influence to the air temperature as an independent variable-y. Finally, the relationship between those variables shows in this equation: y = 30.316 - 3.689 X1 – 6.563 X2 + 0.002 X3 – 2,517E6 X4 + 1.919E-9 X5 + 1.952E-4 X6. It shows that the existence of vegetation has a great impact on lowering temperature. In another way around, built up the area and motorized vehicles would increase the temperature. However, one component of built up area, the surface area of buildings’ sides which are facing west and east, has different result due to the building material is classified in low-middle heat capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=built-up%20area" title="built-up area">built-up area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate" title=" microclimate"> microclimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicles" title=" vehicles"> vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20heat%20island" title=" urban heat island"> urban heat island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation" title=" vegetation"> vegetation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55085/implication-of-built-up-area-vegetation-and-motorized-vehicles-to-urban-microclimate-in-bandung-city-center" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Wearable System for Prolonged Cooling and Dehumidifying of PPE in Hot Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lun%20Lou">Lun Lou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jintu%20Fan"> Jintu Fan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While personal protective equipment (PPE) prevents the healthcare personnel from exposing to harmful surroundings, it creates a barrier to the dissipation of body heat and perspiration, leading to severe heat stress during prolonged exposure, especially in hot environments. It has been found that most of the existed personal cooling strategies have limitations in achieving effective cooling performance with long duration and lightweight. This work aimed to develop a lightweight (<1.0 kg) and less expensive wearable air cooling and dehumidifying system (WCDS) that can be applied underneath the protective clothing and provide 50W mean cooling power for more than 5 hours at 35°C environmental temperature without compromising the protection of PPE. For the WCDS, blowers will be used to activate an internal air circulation inside the clothing microclimate, which doesn't interfere with the protection of PPE. An air cooling and dehumidifying chamber (ACMR) with a specific design will be developed to reduce the air temperature and humidity inside the protective clothing. Then the cooled and dried air will be supplied to upper chest and back areas through a branching tubing system for personal cooling. A detachable ice cooling unit will be applied from the outside of the PPE to extract heat from the clothing microclimate. This combination allows for convenient replacement of the cooling unit to refresh the cooling effect, which can realize a continuous cooling function without taking off the PPE or adding too much weight. A preliminary thermal manikin test showed that the WCDS was able to reduce the microclimate temperature inside the PPE averagely by about 8°C for 60 minutes when the environmental temperature was 28.0 °C and 33.5 °C, respectively. Replacing the ice cooling unit every hour can maintain this cooling effect, while the longest operation duration is determined by the battery of the blowers, which can last for about 6 hours. This unique design is especially helpful for the PPE users, such as health care workers in infectious and hot environments when continuous cooling and dehumidifying are needed, but the change of protective clothing may increase the risk of infection. The new WCDS will not only improve the thermal comfort of PPE users but can also extend their safe working duration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20thermal%20management" title="personal thermal management">personal thermal management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20stress" title=" heat stress"> heat stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ppe" title=" ppe"> ppe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20care%20workers" title=" health care workers"> health care workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wearable%20device" title=" wearable device"> wearable device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157659/wearable-system-for-prolonged-cooling-and-dehumidifying-of-ppe-in-hot-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Proposal of Blue and Green Infrastructure for the Jaguaré Stream Watershed, São Paulo, Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliana%20C.%20Alencar">Juliana C. Alencar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monica%20Ferreira%20do%20Amaral%20Porto"> Monica Ferreira do Amaral Porto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The blue-green infrastructure in recent years has been pointed out as a possibility to increase the environmental quality of watersheds. The regulation ecosystem services brought by these areas are many, such as the improvement of the air quality of the air, water, soil, microclimate, besides helping to control the peak flows and to promote the quality of life of the population. This study proposes a blue-green infrastructure scenario for the Jaguaré watershed, located in the western zone of the São Paulo city in Brazil. Based on the proposed scenario, it was verified the impact of the adoption of the blue and green infrastructure in the control of the peak flow of the basin, the benefits for the avifauna that are also reflected in the flora and finally, the quantification of the regulation ecosystem services brought by the adoption of the scenario proposed. A survey of existing green areas and potential areas for expansion and connection of these areas to form a network in the watershed was carried out. Based on this proposed new network of green areas, the peak flow for the proposed scenario was calculated with the help of software, ABC6. Finally, a survey of the ecosystem services contemplated in the proposed scenario was made. It was possible to conclude that the blue and green infrastructure would provide several regulation ecosystem services for the watershed, such as the control of the peak flow, the connection frame between the forest fragments that promoted the environmental enrichment of these fragments, improvement of the microclimate and the provision of leisure areas for the population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20and%20blue%20infrastructure" title="green and blue infrastructure">green and blue infrastructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20drainage" title=" sustainable drainage"> sustainable drainage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20waters" title=" urban waters"> urban waters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20services" title=" ecosystem services"> ecosystem services</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97019/proposal-of-blue-and-green-infrastructure-for-the-jaguare-stream-watershed-sao-paulo-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97019.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Urban Sustainability and Climate Change: The Impact of Micro- Climate and Thermal Comfort in Social Interactions on Public Spaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Ghobadpour">Fatemeh Ghobadpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dynamic relationship between urban microclimate and thermal comfort significantly influences people's behaviors in public spaces. Thermal comfort plays a crucial role in attracting individuals to these spaces and fostering social interactions. This study examines the impact of thermal comfort on social interactions in urban public spaces using a multi-method approach, including questionnaires, statistical analysis, and microclimate simulations. Key indicators related to thermal comfort and social interactions were identified. Two questionnaires were used: one assessed factors influencing social interactions (analyzed via T-tests), while the other evaluated perceptions of thermal comfort. Linear regression and Spearman correlation analyses explored the link between psychological thermal comfort and social interactions. Rhino Grasshopper simulations modeled physical thermal conditions using the Standard Effective Temperature (SET) index, enabling a comparison between perceived psychological comfort and simulated physical conditions. Conducted along Afif-Abad Street, a prominent public space in Shiraz, Iran, the study involved 111 participants engaged in outdoor activities from June 15–18, 2022. Results revealed a positive correlation (correlation coefficient: 0.196) between thermal comfort and social interactions. Based on these findings, the study proposes actionable solutions to enhance thermal comfort and improve social interactions in urban public spaces. These insights contribute to urban sustainability by promoting socially vibrant environments and informing urban design strategies that prioritize both physical and psychological dimensions of thermal comfort. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-climate" title="micro-climate">micro-climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20sustainability" title=" urban sustainability"> urban sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198997/urban-sustainability-and-climate-change-the-impact-of-micro-climate-and-thermal-comfort-in-social-interactions-on-public-spaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Apparent Temperature Distribution on Scaffoldings during Construction Works</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Szer">I. Szer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Szer"> J. Szer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Czarnocki"> K. Czarnocki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20B%C5%82azik-Borowa"> E. Błazik-Borowa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> People on construction scaffoldings work in dynamically changing, often unfavourable climate. Additionally, this kind of work is performed on low stiffness structures at high altitude, which increases the risk of accidents. It is therefore desirable to define the parameters of the work environment that contribute to increasing the construction worker occupational safety level. The aim of this article is to present how changes in microclimate parameters on scaffolding can impact the development of dangerous situations and accidents. For this purpose, indicators based on the human thermal balance were used. However, use of this model under construction conditions is often burdened by significant errors or even impossible to implement due to the lack of precise data. Thus, in the target model, the modified parameter was used – apparent environmental temperature. Apparent temperature in the proposed Scaffold Use Risk Assessment Model has been a perceived outdoor temperature, caused by the combined effects of air temperature, radiative temperature, relative humidity and wind speed (wind chill index, heat index). In the paper, correlations between component factors and apparent temperature for facade scaffolding with a width of 24.5 m and a height of 42.3 m, located at south-west side of building are presented. The distribution of factors on the scaffolding has been used to evaluate fitting of the microclimate model. The results of the studies indicate that observed ranges of apparent temperature on the scaffolds frequently results in a worker’s inability to adapt. This leads to reduced concentration and increased fatigue, adversely affects health, and consequently increases the risk of dangerous situations and accidental injuries <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apparent%20temperature" title="apparent temperature">apparent temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20work" title=" safety work"> safety work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffoldings" title=" scaffoldings"> scaffoldings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75273/apparent-temperature-distribution-on-scaffoldings-during-construction-works" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Effect Of Shading In Evaporatively Cooled Greenhouses In The Mediterranean Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolaos%20Katsoulas">Nikolaos Katsoulas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20Faliagka"> Sofia Faliagka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athanasios%20Sapounas"> Athanasios Sapounas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Greenhouse ventilation is an effective way to remove the extra heat from the greenhouse through air exchange between inside and outside when outside air temperature is lower. However, in the Mediterranean areas during summer, most of the day, the outside air temperature reaches values above 25 C; and natural ventilation can not remove the excess heat outside the greenhouse. Shade screens and whitewash are major existing measures used to reduce the greenhouse air temperature during summer by reducing the solar radiation entering the greenhouse. However, the greenhouse air temperature is reduced with a cost in radiation reduction. In addition, due to high air temperature values outside the greenhouse, generally, these systems are not sufficient for extracting the excess energy during sunny summer days and therefore, other cooling methods, such as forced ventilation combined with evaporative cooling, are needed. Evaporative cooling by means of pad and fan or fog systems is a common technique to reduce sensible heat load by increasing the latent heat fraction of dissipated energy. In most of the cases, the greenhouse growers, when all the above systems are available, apply both shading and evaporative cooling. If a movable screen is available, then the screen is usually activated when a certain radiation level is reached. It is not clear whether the shading screens should be used over the growth cycle or only during the most sensitive stages when the crops had a low leaf area and the canopy transpiration rate cannot significantly contribute to the greenhouse cooling. Furthermore, it is not clear which is the optimum radiation level that screen must be activated. This work aims to present the microclimate and cucumber crop physiological response and yield observed in two greenhouse compartments equipped with a pad and fan evaporative cooling system and a thermal/shading screen that is activated at different radiation levels: when the outside solar radiation reaches 700 or 900 W/m2. The greenhouse is located in Velestino, in Central Greece and the measurements are performed during the spring -summer period with the outside air temperature during summer reaching values up to 42C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate" title="microclimate">microclimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shading" title=" shading"> shading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screen" title=" screen"> screen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pad%20and%20fan" title=" pad and fan"> pad and fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling" title=" cooling"> cooling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175833/effect-of-shading-in-evaporatively-cooled-greenhouses-in-the-mediterranean-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Impact of aSolar System Designed to Improve the Microclimate of an Agricultural Greenhouse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nora%20Arbaoui">Nora Arbaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Tadili"> Rachid Tadili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilham%20Ihoume"> Ilham Ihoume</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The improvement of the agricultural production and food preservation processes requires the introduction of heating and cooling techniques in greenhouses. To develop these techniques, our work proposes a design of an integrated and autonomous solar system for heating, cooling, and production conservation in greenhouses. The hot air produced by the greenhouse effect during the day will be evacuated to compartments annexed in the greenhouse to dry the surplus agricultural production that is not sold on the market. In this paper, we will give a description of this solar system and the calculation of the fluid’s volume used for heat storage that will be released during the night. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20system" title="solar system">solar system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20greenhouse" title=" agricultural greenhouse"> agricultural greenhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title=" heating"> heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling" title=" cooling"> cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=storage" title=" storage"> storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drying" title=" drying"> drying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158038/impact-of-asolar-system-designed-to-improve-the-microclimate-of-an-agricultural-greenhouse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Urbanization on Land Surface Temperature in the United Arab Emirates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20O.%20Abulibdeh">A. O. Abulibdeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the changes in the Land Surface Temperature (LST) as a function of urbanization, particularly land use/land cover changes, in three cities in the UAE, mainly Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Al Ain. The scale of this assessment will be at the macro- and micro-levels. At the macro-level, a comparative assessment will take place to compare between the four cities in the UAE. At the micro-level, the study will compare between the effects of different land use/land cover on the LST. This will provide a clear and quantitative city-specific information related to the relationship between urbanization and local spatial intra-urban LST variation in three cities in the UAE. The main objectives of this study are 1) to investigate the development of LST on the macro- and micro-level between and in three cities in the UAE over two decades time period, 2) to examine the impact of different types of land use/land cover on the spatial distribution of LST. Because these three cities are facing harsh arid climate, it is hypothesized that (1) urbanization is affecting and connected to the spatial changes in LST; (2) different land use/land cover have different impact on the LST; and (3) changes in spatial configuration of land use and vegetation concentration over time would control urban microclimate on a city scale and control macroclimate on the country scale. This study will be carried out over a 20-year period (1996-2016) and throughout the whole year. The study will compare between two distinct periods with different thermal characteristics which are the cool/cold period from November to March and warm/hot period between April and October. The best practice research method for this topic is to use remote sensing data to target different aspects of natural and anthropogenic systems impacts. The project will follow classical remote sensing and mapping techniques to investigate the impact of urbanization, mainly changes in land use/land cover, on LST. The investigation in this study will be performed in two stages. Stage one remote sensing data will be used to investigate the impact of urbanization on LST on a macroclimate level where the LST and Urban Heat Island (UHI) will be compared in the three cities using data from the past two decades. Stage two will investigate the impact on microclimate scale by investigating the LST and UHI using a particular land use/land cover type. In both stages, an LST and urban land cover maps will be generated over the study area. The outcome of this study should represent an important contribution to recent urban climate studies, particularly in the UAE. Based on the aim and objectives of this study, the expected outcomes are as follow: i) to determine the increase or decrease of LST as a result of urbanization in these four cities, ii) to determine the effect of different land uses/land covers on increasing or decreasing the LST. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%2Fland%20cover" title="land use/land cover">land use/land cover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title=" global warming"> global warming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20surface%20temperature" title=" land surface temperature"> land surface temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91689/comparative-analysis-of-the-impact-of-urbanization-on-land-surface-temperature-in-the-united-arab-emirates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Phytochemicals and Photosynthesis of Grape Berry Exocarp and Seed (Vitis vinifera, cv. Alvarinho): Effects of Foliar Kaolin and Irrigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreia%20Garrido">Andreia Garrido</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artur%20Conde"> Artur Conde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Cunha"> Ana Cunha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ric%20De%20Vos"> Ric De Vos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate changes predictions point to increases in abiotic stress for crop plants in Portugal, like pronounced temperature variation and decreased precipitation, which will have negative impact on grapevine physiology and consequently, on grape berry and wine quality. Short-term mitigation strategies have, therefore, been implemented to alleviate the impacts caused by adverse climatic periods. These strategies include foliar application of kaolin, an inert mineral, which has radiation reflection proprieties that decreases stress from excessive heat/radiation absorbed by its leaves, as well as smart irrigation strategies to avoid water stress. However, little is known about the influence of these mitigation measures on grape berries, neither on the photosynthetic activity nor on the photosynthesis-related metabolic profiles of its various tissues. Moreover, the role of fruit photosynthesis on berry quality is poorly understood. The main objective of our work was to assess the effects of kaolin and irrigation treatments on the photosynthetic activity of grape berry tissues (exocarp and seeds) and on their global metabolic profile, also investigating their possible relationship. We therefore collected berries of field-grown plants of the white grape variety Alvarinho from two distinct microclimates, i.e. from clusters exposed to high light (HL, 150 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹) and low light (LL, 50 µmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹), from both kaolin and non-kaolin (control) treated plants at three fruit developmental stages (green, véraison and mature). Plant irrigation was applied after harvesting the green berries, which also enabled comparison of véraison and mature berries from irrigated and non-irrigated growth conditions. Photosynthesis was assessed by pulse amplitude modulated chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis, and the metabolite profile of both tissues was assessed by complementary metabolomics approaches. Foliar kaolin application resulted in, for instance, an increased photosynthetic activity of the exocarp of LL-grown berries at green developmental stage, as compared to the control non-kaolin treatment, with a concomitant increase in the levels of several lipid-soluble isoprenoids (chlorophylls, carotenoids, and tocopherols). The exocarp of mature berries grown at HL microclimate on kaolin-sprayed non-irrigated plants had higher total sugar levels content than all other treatments, suggesting that foliar application of this mineral results in an increased accumulation of photoassimilates in mature berries. Unbiased liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based profiling of semi-polar compounds followed by ASCA (ANOVA simultaneous component analysis) and ANOVA statistical analysis indicated that kaolin had no or inconsistent effect on the flavonoid and phenylpropanoid composition in both seed and exocarp at any developmental stage; in contrast, both microclimate and irrigation influenced the level of several of these compounds depending on berry ripening stage. Overall, our study provides more insight into the effects of mitigation strategies on berry tissue photosynthesis and phytochemistry, under contrasting conditions of cluster light microclimate. We hope that this may contribute to develop sustainable management in vineyards and to maintain grape berries and wines with high quality even at increasing abiotic stress challenges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grape%20berry%20tissues" title=" grape berry tissues"> grape berry tissues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolomics" title=" metabolomics"> metabolomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation%20strategies" title=" mitigation strategies"> mitigation strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113080/phytochemicals-and-photosynthesis-of-grape-berry-exocarp-and-seed-vitis-vinifera-cv-alvarinho-effects-of-foliar-kaolin-and-irrigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113080.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Ammonia Release during Photocopying Operations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiurski%20S.%20Jelena">Kiurski S. Jelena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keci%C4%87%20S.%20Vesna"> Kecić S. Vesna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oros%20B.%20Ivana"> Oros B. Ivana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranogajec%20G.%20Jonjaua"> Ranogajec G. Jonjaua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper represents the dependence of ammonia concentration on microclimate parameters and photocopying shop circulation. The concentration of ammonia was determined during 8-hours working time over five days including three sampling points of a photocopying shop in Novi Sad, Serbia. The obtained results pointed out that the room temperature possesses the highest impact on ammonia release. The obtained ammonia concentration was in the range of 1.53 to 0.42ppm and decreased with the temperature decreasing from 24.6 to 20.7 °C. As the detected concentrations were within the permissible levels of The Occupational Safety and Health Administration, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and The Health and Official Gazette of Republic of Serbia, in the range of 35 to 200ppm, there was no danger to the employee’s health in the photocopying shop. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ammonia" title="ammonia">ammonia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission" title=" emission"> emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20environment" title=" indoor environment"> indoor environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocopying%20procedure" title=" photocopying procedure"> photocopying procedure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3684/ammonia-release-during-photocopying-operations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Healing Environment Design: Emotion, Accessibility and Universal Thermal Climate Index</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fu%20Wantong">Fu Wantong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Emotion is one of the important indicators of healing environment design. This study fills this gap by analyzing sentiment indicators in high-density residential areas in Hong Kong over a period of two months. Firstly, the study obtained climate data and building model information for Hong Kong's West Kowloon district. Then, Rhino and Grasshopper were used to calculate the isovist, emotion, UTCI, and accessibility of the study area. Finally, the study applied multiple linear regression to examine the influencing factor of emotion. The results show that the higher the values of accessibility, UTCI, and building density, the lower the emotion value. However, it’s interesting that in extreme hot weeks, UTCI has a greater effect on emotion than building density. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion" title="emotion">emotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isovist" title=" isovist"> isovist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microclimate" title=" microclimate"> microclimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility%20index" title=" accessibility index"> accessibility index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196402/healing-environment-design-emotion-accessibility-and-universal-thermal-climate-index" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Strategies of Spatial Optimization for Open Space in the Old-Age Friendly City: An Investigation of the Behavior of the Elderly in Xicheng Square in Hangzhou</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunxiang%20Fang">Yunxiang Fang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the aging trend continuing to accelerate, open space is important for the daily life of the elderly, and its old-age friendliness is worthy of attention. Based on behavioral observation and literature research, this paper studies the behavior of the elderly in urban open space. Through the investigation, classification and quantitative analysis of the activity types, time characteristics and spatial behavior order of the elderly in Xicheng Square in Hangzhou, it summarizes the square space suitable for the psychological needs, physiology and activity needs of the elderly, combined with the basis of literature research. Finally, the suggestions for the improvement of the old-age friendship of Xicheng Square are put forward, from the aspects of microclimate, safety and accessibility, space richness and service facility quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior%20characteristics" title="behavior characteristics">behavior characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=old-age%20friendliness" title=" old-age friendliness"> old-age friendliness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20space" title=" open space"> open space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=square" title=" square"> square</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102097/strategies-of-spatial-optimization-for-open-space-in-the-old-age-friendly-city-an-investigation-of-the-behavior-of-the-elderly-in-xicheng-square-in-hangzhou" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102097.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Copper Coil Heat Exchanger Performance for Greenhouse Heating: An Experimental and Theoretical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Bakkari">Maha Bakkari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.Tadili"> R.Tadili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work is a study of the performance of a solar copper coil heating system in a greenhouse microclimate. Our system is based on the circulation of a Heat transfer fluid, which is water in our case, in a closed loop under the greenhouse's roof in order to store heat all day, and then this heat will supply the greenhouse during the night. In order to evaluate our greenhouse, we made an experimental study in two identical greenhouses, where the first one is equipped with a heating system and the second (without heating) is used for control. The heating system allows the establishment of the thermal balance and determines the mass of water necessary for the process in order to ensure its functioning during the night. The results obtained showed that this solar heating system and the climatic parameters inside the experimental greenhouse were improved, and it presents a significant gain compared to a controlled greenhouse without a heating system. This research is one of the solutions that help to reduce the greenhouse effect of the planet Earth, a problem that worries the world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title="solar energy">solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greenhouse" title=" greenhouse"> greenhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167095/copper-coil-heat-exchanger-performance-for-greenhouse-heating-an-experimental-and-theoretical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Research of Street Aspect Ratio on a Wind Environmental Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qi%20Kan">Qi Kan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoyu%20Ying"> Xiaoyu Ying</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With a rapid urbanization in China, the high-density new urban-center districts have already changed the microclimate in the city. Because of the using characters of building the commercial pedestrian streets which have emerged massively making a large number of pedestrians appear in there, pedestrian comfort in the commercial streets of the new urban-center districts requires more attention. The different street spatial layout will change the wind environment in the street and then influence the pedestrian comfort. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are used to study the correlation between the street aspect ratio and wind environment, under the simulation with relevant weather conditions. The results show that the wind speed in the city streets is inversely proportional to the street aspect ratio. The conclusion will provide an evaluation basis for urban planners and architects at the beginning stage of the design to effectively avoid the potential poor physical environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20spatial%20layout" title="street spatial layout">street spatial layout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20environment" title=" wind environment"> wind environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20aspect%20ratio" title=" street aspect ratio"> street aspect ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedestrian%20comfort" title=" pedestrian comfort"> pedestrian comfort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85340/research-of-street-aspect-ratio-on-a-wind-environmental-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85340.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-climate&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-climate&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-climate&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div 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