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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Galatians 2:11 When Cephas came to Antioch, however, I opposed him to his face, because he stood to be condemned.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/galatians/2-11.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/6/48_Gal_02_11.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Galatians 2:11 - Paul Confronts Cephas" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="When Cephas came to Antioch, however, I opposed him to his face, because he stood to be condemned." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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<a href="/nasb_/galatians/2.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. <a href="/nasb/galatians/2.htm">NASB 1995</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. <a href="/nasb77/galatians/2.htm">NASB 1977 </a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. <a href="/lsb/galatians/2.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. <a href="/amp/galatians/2.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Now when Cephas (Peter) came to Antioch, I opposed him face to face [about his conduct there], because he stood condemned [by his own actions]. <a href="/csb/galatians/2.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face because he stood condemned. <a href="/hcsb/galatians/2.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face because he stood condemned. <a href="/asv/galatians/2.htm">American Standard Version</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I resisted him to the face, because he stood condemned. <a href="/cev/galatians/2.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> When Peter came to Antioch, I told him face to face that he was wrong. <a href="/erv/galatians/2.htm">English Revised Version</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I resisted him to the face, because he stood condemned. <a href="/gwt/galatians/2.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> When Cephas came to Antioch, I had to openly oppose him because he was completely wrong. <a href="/gnt/galatians/2.htm">Good News Translation</a> But when Peter came to Antioch, I opposed him in public, because he was clearly wrong. <a href="/isv/galatians/2.htm">International Standard Version</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he was clearly wrong. <a href="/msb/galatians/2.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> When Peter came to Antioch, however, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. <a href="/net/galatians/2.htm">NET Bible</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he had clearly done wrong. <a href="/nheb/galatians/2.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I resisted him to his face, because he stood condemned. <a href="/wbt/galatians/2.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> But when Peter had come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed. <a href="/wey/galatians/2.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> Now when Peter visited Antioch, I remonstrated with him to his face, because he had incurred just censure. <a href="/web/galatians/2.htm">World English Bible</a> But when Peter came to Antioch, I resisted him to his face, because he stood condemned. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/galatians/2.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And when Peter came to Antioch, I stood up against him to the face, because he was blameworthy, <a href="/blb/galatians/2.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face because he stood condemned. <a href="/ylt/galatians/2.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And when Peter came to Antioch, to the face I stood up against him, because he was blameworthy, <a href="/slt/galatians/2.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And when Peter came to Antioch, I opposed him to the face, for he was to be rebuked.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/galatians/2.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> But when Cephas was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed. <a href="/cpdv/galatians/2.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> But when Cephas had arrived at Antioch, I stood against him to his face, because he was blameworthy. <a href="/nabre/galatians/2.htm">New American Bible</a> And when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face because he clearly was wrong. <a href="/nrsvce/galatians/2.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood self-condemned;<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/galatians/2.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> But when Cephas came to An’ti-och, I reproved him to his face, because he was to be blamed. <a href="/aramaic-plain-english/galatians/2.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a> But when Kaypha came to Antiakia, I rebuked him to his face because they were tripped up by him; <div class="vheading2">NT Translations</div><a href="/anderson/galatians/2.htm">Anderson New Testament</a> But when Peter came to Antioch, I openly opposed him, because he had incurred blame. <a href="/godbey/galatians/2.htm">Godbey New Testament</a> And when Cephas came into Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to blame. <a href="/haweis/galatians/2.htm">Haweis New Testament</a> But when Peter came to Antioch I withstood him to his face, because he was blameable. <a href="/mace/galatians/2.htm">Mace New Testament</a> But when Peter came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, for he was to be blamed. <a href="/wey/galatians/2.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a> Now when Peter visited Antioch, I remonstrated with him to his face, because he had incurred just censure. <a href="/worrell/galatians/2.htm">Worrell New Testament</a> But, when Cephas came to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was blameworthy; <a href="/worsley/galatians/2.htm">Worsley New Testament</a> But when Peter came to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was indeed to be blamed. <a href="/parallel/galatians/2-11.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Jv8Ri4CeT34?start=299" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/galatians/2.htm">Paul Confronts Cephas</a> 10They only asked us to remember the poor, the very thing I was eager to do. 11<a href="/greek/3753.htm" title="3753: Hote (Adv) -- When, at which time. From hos and te; at which too, i.e. When.">When</a> <a href="/greek/2786.htm" title="2786: Kēphas (N-NMS) -- Of Chaldee origin; the Rock; Cephas, a surname of Peter.">Cephas</a> <a href="/greek/2064.htm" title="2064: ēlthen (V-AIA-3S) -- To come, go. ">came</a> <a href="/greek/1519.htm" title="1519: eis (Prep) -- A primary preposition; to or into, of place, time, or purpose; also in adverbial phrases.">to</a> <a href="/greek/490.htm" title="490: Antiocheian (N-AFS) -- From Antiochus; Antiochia, a place in Syria.">Antioch,</a> <a href="/greek/1161.htm" title="1161: de (Conj) -- A primary particle; but, and, etc.">however,</a> <a href="/greek/436.htm" title="436: antestēn (V-AIA-1S) -- To set against; I withstand, resist, oppose. From anti and histemi; to stand against, i.e. Oppose.">I opposed him</a> <a href="/greek/2596.htm" title="2596: kata (Prep) -- A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined).">to</a> <a href="/greek/846.htm" title="846: autō (PPro-DM3S) -- He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons.">his</a> <a href="/greek/4383.htm" title="4383: prosōpon (N-ANS) -- From pros and ops; the front, i.e. The countenance, aspect, appearance, surface; by implication, presence, person.">face,</a> <a href="/greek/3754.htm" title="3754: hoti (Conj) -- Neuter of hostis as conjunction; demonstrative, that; causative, because.">because</a> <a href="/greek/1510.htm" title="1510: ēn (V-IIA-3S) -- I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.">he stood</a> <a href="/greek/2607.htm" title="2607: kategnōsmenos (V-RPM/P-NMS) -- To condemn, blame. From kata and ginosko; to note against, i.e. Find fault with.">to be condemned.</a> 12For before certain men came from James, he used to eat with the Gentiles. But when they arrived, he began to draw back and separate himself, for fear of those in the circumcision group.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/acts/15-1.htm">Acts 15:1-2</a> Then some men came down from Judea and were teaching the brothers, “Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.” / And after engaging these men in sharp debate, Paul and Barnabas were appointed, along with some other believers, to go up to Jerusalem to see the apostles and elders about this question. <a href="/acts/11-2.htm">Acts 11:2-3</a> So when Peter went up to Jerusalem, the circumcised believers took issue with him / and said, “You visited uncircumcised men and ate with them.” <a href="/matthew/18-15.htm">Matthew 18:15</a> If your brother sins against you, go and confront him privately. If he listens to you, you have won your brother over. <a href="/1_corinthians/5-12.htm">1 Corinthians 5:12-13</a> What business of mine is it to judge those outside the church? Are you not to judge those inside? / God will judge those outside. “Expel the wicked man from among you.” <a href="/2_corinthians/11-5.htm">2 Corinthians 11:5</a> I consider myself in no way inferior to those “super-apostles.” <a href="/1_timothy/5-20.htm">1 Timothy 5:20</a> But those who persist in sin should be rebuked in front of everyone, so that the others will stand in fear of sin. <a href="/acts/10-28.htm">Acts 10:28</a> He said to them, “You know how unlawful it is for a Jew to associate with a foreigner or visit him. But God has shown me that I should not call any man impure or unclean. <a href="/acts/15-7.htm">Acts 15:7-11</a> After much discussion, Peter got up and said to them, “Brothers, you know that in the early days God made a choice among you that the Gentiles would hear from my lips the message of the gospel and believe. / And God, who knows the heart, showed His approval by giving the Holy Spirit to them, just as He did to us. / He made no distinction between us and them, for He cleansed their hearts by faith. ... <a href="/romans/14-3.htm">Romans 14:3</a> The one who eats everything must not belittle the one who does not, and the one who does not eat everything must not judge the one who does, for God has accepted him. <a href="/1_corinthians/9-20.htm">1 Corinthians 9:20-21</a> To the Jews I became like a Jew, to win the Jews. To those under the law I became like one under the law (though I myself am not under the law), to win those under the law. / To those without the law I became like one without the law (though I am not outside the law of God but am under the law of Christ), to win those without the law. <a href="/acts/21-20.htm">Acts 21:20-21</a> When they heard this, they glorified God. Then they said to Paul, “You see, brother, how many thousands of Jews have believed, and all of them are zealous for the law. / But they are under the impression that you teach all the Jews who live among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children or observe our customs. <a href="/2_peter/3-15.htm">2 Peter 3:15-16</a> Consider also that our Lord’s patience brings salvation, just as our beloved brother Paul also wrote you with the wisdom God gave him. / He writes this way in all his letters, speaking in them about such matters. Some parts of his letters are hard to understand, which ignorant and unstable people distort, as they do the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction. <a href="/proverbs/27-5.htm">Proverbs 27:5-6</a> Better an open rebuke than love that is concealed. / The wounds of a friend are faithful, but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful. <a href="/leviticus/19-17.htm">Leviticus 19:17</a> You must not harbor hatred against your brother in your heart. Directly rebuke your neighbor, so that you will not incur guilt on account of him. <a href="/psalms/141-5.htm">Psalm 141:5</a> Let the righteous man strike me; let his rebuke be an act of loving devotion. It is oil for my head; let me not refuse it. For my prayer is ever against the deeds of the wicked.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed.to Antioch.<a href="/acts/15-30.htm">Acts 15:30-35</a> So when they were dismissed, they came to Antioch: and when they had gathered the multitude together, they delivered the epistle: … I withstood.<a href="/galatians/2-5.htm">Galatians 2:5</a> To whom we gave place by subjection, no, not for an hour; that the truth of the gospel might continue with you.<a href="/2_corinthians/5-16.htm">2 Corinthians 5:16</a> Wherefore henceforth know we no man after the flesh: yea, though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth know we him no more.<a href="/2_corinthians/11-5.htm">2 Corinthians 11:5,21-28</a> For I suppose I was not a whit behind the very chiefest apostles… because.<a href="/exodus/32-21.htm">Exodus 32:21,22</a> And Moses said unto Aaron, What did this people unto thee, that thou hast brought so great a sin upon them? … <a href="/numbers/20-12.htm">Numbers 20:12</a> And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron, Because ye believed me not, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel, therefore ye shall not bring this congregation into the land which I have given them.<a href="/jeremiah/1-17.htm">Jeremiah 1:17</a> Thou therefore gird up thy loins, and arise, and speak unto them all that I command thee: be not dismayed at their faces, lest I confound thee before them.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/acts/18-23.htm">Antioch</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/6-3.htm">Blamed</a> <a href="/job/20-3.htm">Censure</a> <a href="/galatians/2-9.htm">Cephas</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/4-11.htm">Clearly</a> <a href="/galatians/1-9.htm">Condemned</a> <a href="/galatians/1-22.htm">Face</a> <a href="/acts/27-21.htm">Incurred</a> <a href="/acts/18-6.htm">Opposed</a> <a href="/galatians/2-9.htm">Peter</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/15-31.htm">Protest</a> <a href="/john/10-32.htm">Remonstrated</a> <a href="/romans/9-19.htm">Resisted</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/2-12.htm">Stood</a> <a href="/galatians/1-21.htm">Visited</a> <a href="/acts/13-8.htm">Withstood</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/13-7.htm">Wrong</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/2_timothy/3-11.htm">Antioch</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/6-3.htm">Blamed</a> <a href="/titus/2-8.htm">Censure</a> <a href="/john/1-42.htm">Cephas</a> <a href="/galatians/3-1.htm">Clearly</a> <a href="/2_thessalonians/2-12.htm">Condemned</a> <a href="/colossians/2-1.htm">Face</a> <a href="/1_timothy/3-6.htm">Incurred</a> <a href="/galatians/3-21.htm">Opposed</a> <a href="/galatians/2-14.htm">Peter</a> <a href="/galatians/5-3.htm">Protest</a> <a href="/nehemiah/5-7.htm">Remonstrated</a> <a href="/hebrews/12-4.htm">Resisted</a> <a href="/colossians/2-14.htm">Stood</a> <a href="/genesis/18-5.htm">Visited</a> <a href="/2_timothy/3-8.htm">Withstood</a> <a href="/galatians/4-12.htm">Wrong</a><div class="vheading2">Galatians 2</div>1. <a href="/galatians/2-1.htm">He shows when he went up again to Jerusalem, and for what purpose;</a> 3. <a href="/galatians/2-3.htm">and that Titus was not circumcised;</a> 11. <a href="/galatians/2-11.htm">and that he resisted Peter, and told him the reason;</a> 14. <a href="/galatians/2-14.htm">why he and others, being Jews, believe in Christ to be justified by faith, and not by works;</a> 20. <a href="/galatians/2-20.htm">and that they live not in sin, who are so justified.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/galatians/2.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/galatians/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/galatians/2.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>When Cephas came to Antioch Cephas, also known as Peter, was one of Jesus' closest disciples and a leading figure in the early church. Antioch was a significant city in early Christianity, known for being the first place where followers of Jesus were called Christians (<a href="/acts/11-26.htm">Acts 11:26</a>). It was a hub for missionary activity and a melting pot of Jewish and Gentile believers. Peter's visit to Antioch highlights the interconnectedness of early Christian communities and the importance of Antioch as a center for the spread of the Gospel.however, I opposed him to his face Paul's confrontation with Peter is a pivotal moment in the early church, illustrating the tension between Jewish and Gentile believers. This direct opposition underscores the seriousness of the issue at hand—whether Gentile Christians were required to follow Jewish customs. Paul's boldness in confronting Peter reflects his commitment to the truth of the Gospel and the principle that salvation is by faith alone, not by adherence to the law. This incident is a testament to the importance of accountability among church leaders.because he stood condemned Peter's actions, which involved withdrawing from eating with Gentile believers due to pressure from certain Jewish Christians, were seen as hypocritical and contrary to the Gospel message of unity in Christ. By standing condemned, Peter's behavior was inconsistent with the revelation he had received earlier (<a href="/acts/10-9.htm">Acts 10:9-16</a>) about the inclusion of Gentiles. This phrase highlights the gravity of compromising the Gospel message and the need for leaders to act in accordance with the truth they preach. It also serves as a reminder of the human tendency to falter under social pressure, even among the most devout.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/c/cephas.htm">Cephas (Peter)</a> One of Jesus' original twelve apostles, known for his leadership in the early church. In this context, he is confronted by Paul for his actions. 2. <a href="/topical/p/paul.htm">Paul (Apostle)</a> The author of the letter to the Galatians, a former persecutor of Christians who became a leading apostle to the Gentiles. He confronts Peter in this passage. 3. <a href="/topical/a/antioch.htm">Antioch</a> An important city in early Christianity, known for being a center of missionary activity and the place where believers were first called Christians. 4. <a href="/topical/c/confrontation.htm">Confrontation</a> The event where Paul publicly opposes Peter due to his behavior, which Paul sees as hypocritical and contrary to the gospel. 5. <a href="/topical/c/condemnation.htm">Condemnation</a> The state Peter finds himself in due to his actions, which Paul believes are inconsistent with the truth of the gospel.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_consistency_in_the_gospel.htm">The Importance of Consistency in the Gospel</a> As believers, our actions must align with the truth of the gospel. Hypocrisy can undermine the message we proclaim. <a href="/topical/c/courage_to_confront.htm">Courage to Confront</a> Paul demonstrates the necessity of confronting fellow believers when their actions contradict the gospel. This requires courage and a commitment to truth. <a href="/topical/u/unity_in_the_church.htm">Unity in the Church</a> The incident underscores the importance of unity among believers, regardless of cultural or ethnic backgrounds. The gospel transcends these divisions. <a href="/topical/a/accountability_among_leaders.htm">Accountability Among Leaders</a> Even leaders like Peter are not above correction. Accountability is crucial in maintaining the integrity of the church. <a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_public_correction.htm">The Role of Public Correction</a> There are times when public actions require public correction to prevent confusion and maintain the truth of the gospel.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_galatians_2.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Galatians 2</a> <a href="/q/galatians_2_11__why_no_response_from_peter.htm">Galatians 2:11 – What does the lack of a recorded response from Peter after Paul’s public rebuke suggest about possible missing historical details or inconsistencies in the text? </a> <a href="/q/what_happened_at_the_antioch_incident.htm">What occurred during the Incident at Antioch?</a> <a href="/q/were_we_conceived_in_sin.htm">What occurred during the Incident at Antioch?</a> <a href="/q/how_to_balance_open_rebuke_with_gentleness.htm">Proverbs 27:5 – If “open rebuke” is always better than hidden feelings, how do we reconcile this with teachings that emphasize gentleness? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/galatians/2.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(11-14) The next phase in this question was at Antioch. On his coming thither Peter was guilty of a great inconsistency. He began by eating freely with the Gentile converts, but the arrival of a party of the stricter Jews from Jerusalem was enough to make him alter his practice. He gradually withdrew and held aloof, and a number of others, including even Barnabas, followed his example. This conduct of his I openly reproved, asking him why it was that at one moment he himself did not hesitate to adopt the custom of the Gentiles, while at another he insisted upon their conforming to those of the Jews.(11) When Peter . . .--The true reading here is undoubtedly Cephas. The visit alluded to probably took place soon after the return of Paul and Barnabas, in the interval described in <a href="/acts/15-35.htm" title="Paul also and Barnabas continued in Antioch, teaching and preaching the word of the Lord, with many others also.">Acts 15:35</a>, shortly before the separation of these two Apostles and the departure of St. Paul on his second missionary journey.Because he was to be blamed.--The Greek here is simply, because he was condemned. The act carried with it its own condemnation.The blame thus imputed to St. Peter was a subject of much controversy in antiquity. It was made a ground of accusation against both Apostles. The Ebionites--as represented in the well known heretical work, the Clementine Homilies--charged St. Paul with hostility to the faith, asserting that by calling Peter "condemned" he was really accusing "God who revealed Christ in him." On the other hand, Marcion, the Gnostic, saw in the incident a proof of the antagonism between Judaism and Christianity (as he understood it), represented by their several champions. The heathen critic Porphyry attacked both Apostles alike, the one for error, the other for forwardness in rebuking that error, and points to the whole scene as one of ecclesiastical wrangling.The unfortunate result of these criticisms was that they led to attempts, on the part of the orthodox writers, to explain away the simple meaning of the narrative. Clement of Alexandria maintained that the Cephas here mentioned was not the Apostle St. Peter, but an inferior person, one of the seventy disciples. A more popular theory was that which was started by Origen, elaborated by Chrysostom, and defended with great vehemence by Jerome in a controversy with Augustine. This theory was that the two Apostles had arranged the scene beforehand between themselves, and acted it out for the edification of the Judaisers. St. Paul was to represent the view sanctioned by the Church, and St. Peter was to give an eminent example of submission. This view, though it held its ground for two centuries, was finally put down by the straightforwardness and good sense of St. Augustine.The true explanation of the incident is to be found in the character of St. Peter--at once generously impulsive and timidly sensitive to the opinion of others. An inconsistency very similar to this appears in his ardent confession, followed by the betrayal of his Master (<a href="/mark/14-29.htm" title="But Peter said to him, Although all shall be offended, yet will not I.">Mark 14:29</a>; <a href="/mark/14-66.htm" title="And as Peter was beneath in the palace, there comes one of the maids of the high priest:">Mark 14:66</a> et seq.). It had been seen at an earlier date in his attempt to walk upon the water (<a href="/context/matthew/14-28.htm" title="And Peter answered him and said, Lord, if it be you, bid me come to you on the water.">Matthew 14:28-33</a>); and is, indeed, one of the features in his character most conspicuous in the Gospels. A little more attention to this would have saved many doctrinaire objections to the narrative of the Acts, where the inconsistency, which is really one of character, is treated as if it stood in the way of the objective truth of the events. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/galatians/2.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 11. - In the narrative which the apostle next proceeds to give, several points, we may suppose, were definitely meant by him to be intimated to his readers. Thus to those Gentile Galatians who were wavering in their attachment to himself and to the gospel which he had preached to them, he shows his claim to their firm affectionate adherence, on the ground of the steadfastness with which, as before at Jerusalem so now afresh in Antioch, he had successfully asserted their rights and their equal standing with Jewish believers, when these were assailed by "certain come from James." In contrast with his own unflinching championship of their cause, were here seen vacillation and inconsistency on the part of "Cephas;" were, then, any justified in exalting those "pillars, James and Cephas," as certain were disposed to do, for the sake of disparaging him? This experience at Antioch should lead them to regard with suspicion Jewish or Philo-Judaic brethren, who were setting themselves to tamper with the truth of the gospel. Crooked conduct was sure to accompany such darkening of the truth, as on that occasion was most palpably evinced in the case of even Barnabas, and was in open encounter before the whole Church exposed and rebuked. And, especially, there was the grand principle that the Law of Moses was for the Christian believer annihilated through the crucifixion of Christ; which principle he had then held aloft in the view of the Church, and here takes occasion to enlarge upon, because it was so directly relevant and helpful in respect to the trouble now springing up in Galatia. But when Peter was come to Antioch (ὅτε δὲ η΅λθε Κηφᾶς [Receptus, Πέτρος] εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν); but when Cephas came to Antioch. The reading Κηφᾶς for Πέτρος is generally accepted. The time at which this incident took place is in a measure determined, on the one side, by its being to all appearance after the visit to Jerusalem which has been previously spoken of, and, on the other, by the reference to Barnabas in ver. 13; that is, we are naturally led to assign it to that time of Paul's, and Barnabas's united labours at Antioch which is briefly indicated in <a href="/acts/15-35.htm">Acts 15:35</a>. It can hardly have occurred subsequently to the rupture between them which St. Luke immediately after describes. The manner in which St. Peter's coming to Antioch is introduced seems to betoken that his coming thither was not felt to have been at all an extraordinary circumstance. It is open to us, and indeed obvious, to conjecture that the visit was made in the course of one of those journeyings of St. Peter "throughout all parts," of which another, taking place fourteen years or more previously, is mentioned in <a href="/acts/9-33.htm">Acts 9:33</a>. As the "apostle of the circumcision," he was, we may reasonably suppose, in the habit of traversing, in company often with his wife (<a href="/1_corinthians/9-5.htm">1 Corinthians 9:5</a>), the whole of those districts of Palestine which were largely inhabited by Jews, and extending as far as Antioch itself, in the exercise of apostolic supervision over the Jewish converts. Quite supposably, this was not his first visit to this city. The lengthened continuance of his stay, which may be inferred from ver. 12, is thus explained. It may be assumed that it was this exercise of apostolic superintendence that gave rise to the tradition, which gained early acceptance in the Church (Eusebius, ' Hist. Eccl.,' 3:36), that Peter was the first Bishop of Antioch. His presence there now, while St. Paul was also there, found, probably, its analogy, twelve or fourteen years later, in the simultaneous presence of St. Peter and St. Paul at Rome; St.. Peter being there also, we may suppose, in the discharge of his office as apostle of the circumcision. I withstood him to the face (κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτῷ ἀντέστην). I seized an opportunity at a meeting of the brethren (ver. 14) of publicly confronting him as an adversary. It seems almost suggested that their spheres of work at Antioch, which was a very large city, were so far not identical that they were not commonly to be seen together. The verb ἀντέστην, "set myself to oppose him," expressing deter mined oppugnancy (<a href="/2_timothy/3-8.htm">2 Timothy 3:8</a>; <a href="/james/4-7.htm">James 4:7</a>; <a href="/1_peter/5-9.htm">1 Peter 5:9</a>), strikes us the more, as coming so soon after the "gave us the right hands of fellowship of ver. 7. His adopting of this mode of recalling his straying brother instead of dealing with him in a more private manner, is indicated with an evidently intended pointedness. His course of proceeding was both justified and required by the public nature of St. Peter's offence, and by the necessity of promptly exposing and beating back the aggressions which Israelitish bigotry was always so ready to make upon the perfectly equal footing possessed by all believers, by virtue simply of their relation to Christ. Because he was to be blamed (ὅτι κατεγνωσμένος η΅ν); because he stood condemned. The perfect passive verb is commonly felt to point, not so much to the censures of bystanders, as to the glaring wrongness of his conduct viewed in itself (comp. <a href="/john/3-18.htm">John 3:18</a>; <a href="/romans/14-23.htm">Romans 14:23</a>). The rendering to be blamed, correct so far as it reaches, is inadequate in expressing the sense which St. Paul had of the gravity of St. Peter's offence. It is interesting to note the clear reference to this verse made in the second century by the Ebionite author of the ' Clementine Homilies,' who (Bishop Lightfoot observes, 'Galatians,' p. 61), writing in a spirit of bitter hostility to St. Paul, who is covertly attacked in the person of Simon Magus, represents St. Peter as addressing Simon thus: "Thou hast confronted and withstood me (ἐναντίος ἀνθέστηκάς μοι). If thou hadst not been an adversary, thou wouldest not have calumniated and reviled my preaching If thou callest me condemned (κατεγνωσμένον), thou accusest God who revealed Christ to me" ('Hom.,' 17:19). Not only is this a testimony to the authenticity of.. the Epistle; it betokens also the sore feeling which this narrative of St. Paul's and the manner of its diction left behind in the minds of a certain section of Jewish Christians. <a href="/commentaries/galatians/2-11.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div>When Ὅτε (Hote) Adverb <a href="/greek/strongs_3753.htm">Strong's 3753: </a> When, at which time. From hos and te; at which too, i.e. When. Cephas Κηφᾶς (Kēphas) Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2786.htm">Strong's 2786: </a> Of Chaldee origin; the Rock; Cephas, a surname of Peter. came ἦλθεν (ēlthen) Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2064.htm">Strong's 2064: </a> To come, go. to εἰς (eis) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_1519.htm">Strong's 1519: </a> A primary preposition; to or into, of place, time, or purpose; also in adverbial phrases. Antioch, Ἀντιόχειαν (Antiocheian) Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_490.htm">Strong's 490: </a> From Antiochus; Antiochia, a place in Syria. however, δὲ (de) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_1161.htm">Strong's 1161: </a> A primary particle; but, and, etc. I opposed [him] ἀντέστην (antestēn) Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_436.htm">Strong's 436: </a> To set against; I withstand, resist, oppose. From anti and histemi; to stand against, i.e. Oppose. to κατὰ (kata) Preposition <a href="/greek/strongs_2596.htm">Strong's 2596: </a> A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined). his αὐτῷ (autō) Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_846.htm">Strong's 846: </a> He, she, it, they, them, same. From the particle au; the reflexive pronoun self, used of the third person, and of the other persons. face, πρόσωπον (prosōpon) Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_4383.htm">Strong's 4383: </a> From pros and ops; the front, i.e. The countenance, aspect, appearance, surface; by implication, presence, person. because ὅτι (hoti) Conjunction <a href="/greek/strongs_3754.htm">Strong's 3754: </a> Neuter of hostis as conjunction; demonstrative, that; causative, because. he stood ἦν (ēn) Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_1510.htm">Strong's 1510: </a> I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist. to be condemned. κατεγνωσμένος (kategnōsmenos) Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular <a href="/greek/strongs_2607.htm">Strong's 2607: </a> To condemn, blame. From kata and ginosko; to note against, i.e. Find fault with. <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/galatians/2-11.htm">Galatians 2:11 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/galatians/2-11.htm">NT Letters: Galatians 2:11 But when Peter came to Antioch (Gal. 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