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aria-label="იერსახე"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="გვერდის შრიფტის ზომის, სიგანისა და ფერის შეცვლა" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="იერსახე" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">იერსახე</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_xmf.wikipedia.org&uselang=xmf" class=""><span>აზარა</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0+%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1+%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ჩქი გიზალუთ, გონწყათ ანგარიში დო გენშართათ სისტემაშა; მარა თენა ვა რე უციო" class=""><span>ანგარიშიშ გონწყუმა</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0+%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1+%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ჯგირ იჸი გემშურთუ–და, მარა თენა ვა რე უციო [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>მიშულა</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="უმოსი პარამეტრი" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="პერსონალური ხეჭკუდეფი" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">პერსონალური ხეჭკუდეფი</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="მახვარებუშ მენიუ" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_xmf.wikipedia.org&uselang=xmf"><span>აზარა</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>ავტორი</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0+%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1+%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ჩქი გიზალუთ, გონწყათ ანგარიში დო გენშართათ სისტემაშა; მარა თენა ვა რე უციო"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ანგარიშიშ გონწყუმა</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0+%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1+%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ჯგირ იჸი გემშურთუ–და, მარა თენა ვა რე უციო [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>მიშულა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ხასჷლეფი სისტემაშე გიშულირი რედაქტორეფიშო <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90:%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3" aria-label="ქიგეგით უმოსი რედაქტირაფაშ გეშა"><span>ქიგეგით უმოსი</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ჩქიმი IP-იშ სხუნუაშ ხასჷლა [n]" accesskey="n"><span>სხუნუა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eდამალვა\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv 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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">გინოღალა ელახიან ღოზიშა</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ტყობინაფა</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">დაჭყაფუ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ლიტერატურა" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ლიტერატურა"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ლიტერატურა</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ლიტერატურა-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-რესურსეფი_ინტერნეტის" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#რესურსეფი_ინტერნეტის"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>რესურსეფი ინტერნეტის</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-რესურსეფი_ინტერნეტის-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="გიშაგორალი" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="გიშაგორალიშ ტყობინაფა/ძირაფა" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">გიშაგორალიშ ტყობინაფა/ძირაფა</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ალექსანდერ რობერტუს ტოდი</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="შხვანინამ სტატიაშა გინულა. ხემიოლუ რე 57 ნინაშა" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 ნინა</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AF" title="ألكسندر تود – არაბული" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألكسندر تود" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="არაბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AF" title="الكسندر تود – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الكسندر تود" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksander_Robertus_Todd" title="Aleksander Robertus Todd – აზერბაიჯანული" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aleksander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="აზერბაიჯანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="لرد تاد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لرد تاد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Александэр Рабертус Тод – ბელარუსული" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Александэр Рабертус Тод" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ბელარუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Александър Тод – ბულგარული" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Александър Тод" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ბულგარული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A1" title="আলেক্সান্ডার টড – ბენგალური" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আলেক্সান্ডার টড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ბენგალური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – კატალანური" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="კატალანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – ჩეხური" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ჩეხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – დანიური" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="დანიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – გერმანული" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="გერმანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Αλεξάντερ Τοντ – ბერძნული" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλεξάντερ Τοντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ბერძნული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alec_Todd" title="Alec Todd – ინგლისური" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Alec Todd" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ინგლისური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – ესპერანტო" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ესპერანტო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robert_Todd" title="Alexander Robert Todd – ესპანური" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alexander Robert Todd" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ესპანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – ესტონური" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ესტონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – ბასკური" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ბასკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="لرد تاد – სპარსული" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لرد تاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="სპარსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – ფინური" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ფინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robert_Todd" title="Alexander Robert Todd – ფრანგული" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alexander Robert Todd" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ფრანგული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – შოტლანდიური გელური" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="შოტლანდიური გელური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – გალისიური" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="გალისიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A8_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%93" title="אלכסנדר טוד – ებრაული" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלכסנדר טוד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ებრაული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – უნგრული" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="უნგრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%A4" title="Ալեքսանդր Տոդ – სომხური" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալեքսանդր Տոդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="სომხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – ინდონეზიური" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ინდონეზიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – იდო" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="იდო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – იტალიური" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="იტალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%83%E3%83%89" title="アレクサンダー・トッド – იაპონური" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アレクサンダー・トッド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="იაპონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅಲೆಕ್ಸಾಂಡರ್ ರಾಬರ್ಟಸ್ ಲಾರ್ಡ್ ಟೋಡ್ – კანადა" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಲೆಕ್ಸಾಂಡರ್ ರಾಬರ್ಟಸ್ ಲಾರ್ಡ್ ಟೋಡ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="კანადა" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%8D%94_R._%ED%86%A0%EB%93%9C" title="알렉산더 R. 토드 – კორეული" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알렉산더 R. 토드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="კორეული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – ლათინური" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ლათინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – მალაიური" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="მალაიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="لرد تاد – მაზანდერანული" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لرد تاد" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="მაზანდერანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – ნიდერლანდური" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ნიდერლანდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – ოქსიტანური" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ოქსიტანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – პოლონური" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="პოლონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%B2%D9%86%DA%88%D8%B1_%D9%B9%D9%88%DA%88" title="الیگزنڈر ٹوڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="الیگزنڈر ٹوڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – პორტუგალიური" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="პორტუგალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – რუმინული" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="რუმინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%81" title="Тодд, Александер Робертус – რუსული" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тодд, Александер Робертус" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="რუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – სლოვაკური" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="სლოვაკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – სლოვენური" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="სლოვენური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Сер Александар Тод – სერბული" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сер Александар Тод" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="სერბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Robertus_Todd" title="Alexander Robertus Todd – შვედური" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Alexander Robertus Todd" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="შვედური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – სუაჰილი" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="სუაჰილი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Todd" title="Alexander Todd – თურქული" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alexander Todd" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="თურქული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4" title="Александр Робертус Тодд – თათრული" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Александр Робертус Тодд" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="თათრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4" title="Александер Тодд – უკრაინული" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Александер Тодд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="უკრაინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%B1_%D9%B9%D9%88%DA%88" title="الیگزینڈر ٹوڈ – ურდუ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="الیگزینڈر ٹوڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ურდუ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Todd" title="Aleksandr Todd – უზბეკური" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Aleksandr Todd" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="უზბეკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – ვიეტნამური" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ვიეტნამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd,_Baron_Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd – იორუბა" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="იორუბა" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%BE%B7%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E5%9B%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E5%BE%B7" title="托德男爵亚历山大·罗伯图斯·托德 – ჩინური" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="托德男爵亚历山大·罗伯图斯·托德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ჩინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_R._Todd" title="Alexander R. Todd – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Alexander R. Todd" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q157242#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ნინეფოშქაშე რსხილეფიშ რედაქტირაფა" class="wbc-editpage">რსხილეფიშ რედაქტირაფა</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ჯოხოეფიშ ოფირჩა"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="დინორეშ ხასჷლაშ ძირაფა [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ხასჷლა</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="დინორეშ ხასჷლაშ სხუნუა (ხასჷლა ვა რე) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>სხუნუა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ნინაშ ვარიანტიშ თირუა" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">მარგალური</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ძირაფეფი"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98"><span>კითხირი</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&veaction=edit" title="ათე ხასჷლაშ რედაქტირაფა [v]" accesskey="v"><span>რედაქტირაფა</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=edit" title="ათე ხასჷლაშ წყუშ კოდიშ რედაქტირაფა [e]" accesskey="e"><span>წყუშ რედაქტირაფა</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=history" title="თე ხასჷლაშ ბოლო ვერსიეფი. 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id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98"><span>კითხირი</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&veaction=edit" title="ათე ხასჷლაშ რედაქტირაფა [v]" accesskey="v"><span>რედაქტირაფა</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=edit" title="ათე ხასჷლაშ წყუშ კოდიშ რედაქტირაფა [e]" accesskey="e"><span>წყუშ რედაქტირაფა</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=history"><span>ისტორიაშ ძირაფა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> თარი </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fxmf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A5%25E1%2583%25A1%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0_%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%25A1_%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598"><span>QR-კოდის ჩამოტვირთვა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ბეშტუა/ექსპორტი </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0+%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1+%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98"><span>წინგიშ გოჭყაფა</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=show-download-screen"><span>გინოჭარუა PDF ფორმატით</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&printable=yes" title="თე ხასჷლაშ ობეშტალი ვერსია [p]" accesskey="p"><span>ობეშტალი ვერსია</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> შხვა პროექტეფს </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alexander_R._Todd" hreflang="en"><span>ვიკიოწკარუე</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q157242" title="მუნაჩემეფიშ ოჩუაშეშა მერსხილი ელემენტიშ რცხი [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ვიკიმონაცემები-შ ელემენტი</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ინსტრუმენტები გვერდებისთვის"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="იერსახე"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">იერსახე</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">გინოღალა ელახიან ღოზიშა</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ტყობინაფა</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ვიკიპედიაშე</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="xmf" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" cellspacing="2" style="width: 25em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width:23em;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="fn" style="text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold;">ალექსანდერ რობერტუს ტოდი</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-style: oblique;"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ინგლისური ნინა">ინგლ.</a> Alexander Robertus Todd</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Alexander_Todd_Nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Alexander_Todd_Nobel.jpg/220px-Alexander_Todd_Nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Alexander_Todd_Nobel.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a></span> </td></tr><tr><th style="">დაბადებაშ თარიღი:</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/wiki/2_%E1%83%92%E1%83%B7%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%90" title="2 გჷმათუთა">2 გჷმათუთა</a>, <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">დაბადებაშ აბანი:</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D" title="გლაზგო">გლაზგო</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="შოტლანდია">შოტლანდია</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">ღურაშ თარიღი:</th><td class="" style=""> <p>ღურთუთა 10, 1997 (89 წანერი) </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">ღურაშ აბანი:</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="კემბრიჯი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">კემბრიჯი</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ინგლისი">ინგლისი</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">მენოღალობა:</th><td class="" style=""> <p><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="გოართოიანაფილი ომაფეშ შილა"><img alt="გოართოიანაფილი ომაფეშ შილა" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94" title="გოართოიანაფილი ომაფე">გოართოიანაფილი ომაფე</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">ომენცარე სფერო:</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ქიმია">ქიმია</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ბიოქიმია">ბიოქიმია</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">სამუშაშ აბანი :</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="პრევენციული მედიცინაშ ლისტერიშ ინსტიტუტი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">პრევენციული მედიცინაშ ლისტერიშ ინსტიტუტი</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ედინბურგიშ უნივერსიტეტი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ედინბურგიშ უნივერსიტეტი</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ლონდონიშ უნივერსიტეტი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ლონდონიშ უნივერსიტეტი</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="მანჩესტერიშ უნივერსიტეტი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">მანჩესტერიშ უნივერსიტეტი</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="კემბრიჯიშ უნივერსიტეტი">კემბრიჯიშ უნივერსიტეტი</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="სტრატკლაიდიშ უნივერსიტეტი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">სტრატკლაიდიშ უნივერსიტეტი</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ჰერტფორდშირიშ უნივერსიტეტი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ჰერტფორდშირიშ უნივერსიტეტი</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">ალმა-მატერი:</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="გლაზგოშ უნივერსიტეტი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">გლაზგოშ უნივერსიტეტი</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ფრანკფურტიშ გოეთეშ უნივერსიტეტი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ფრანკფურტიშ გოეთეშ უნივერსიტეტი</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ოქსფორდიშ უნივერსიტეტი">ოქსფორდიშ უნივერსიტეტი</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">ომენცარე ხემანჯღვერი:</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="რობერტ რობინსონი">რობერტ რობინსონი</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">ჯოხოშინელი მოგურაფეეფი:</th><td class="" style=""> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ჯონ როდნი კუეილი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ჯონ როდნი კუეილი</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="">ჯილდოეფი დო პრემიეფი:</th><td class="" style=""> <p>დეივიშ მენდალი (1949)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ომაფე მენდალი">ომაფე მენდალი</a> (1955)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ნობელიშ პრემია">ნობელიშ პრემია</a> ქიმიას (1957)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="პაულ კარერიშ ორქოშ მენდალი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">პაულ კარერიშ ორქოშ მენდალი</a> (1963)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="კოპლიშ მენდალი">კოპლიშ მენდალი</a> (1970)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ლომონოსოვიშ ორქოშ მენდალი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ლომონოსოვიშ ორქოშ მენდალი</a> (1978) </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>ალექსანდერ რობერტუს ტოდი</b>, <b>ბარონი ტოდი</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ინგლისური ნინა">ინგლ.</a> Alexander Robertus Todd, Baron Todd; დ. <a href="/wiki/2_%E1%83%92%E1%83%B7%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%90" title="2 გჷმათუთა">2 გჷმათუთა</a>, <a href="/wiki/1907" title="1907">1907</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D" title="გლაზგო">გლაზგო</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="შოტლანდია">შოტლანდია</a> — ღ. <a href="/wiki/10_%E1%83%A6%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%90" title="10 ღურთუთა">10 ღურთუთა</a>, <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="კემბრიჯი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">კემბრიჯი</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ინგლისი">ინგლისი</a>) — <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="შოტლანდიარეფი">შოტლანდიარი</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ბიოქიმია">ბიოქიმიკოსი</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ნუკლეოტიდეფი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ნუკლეოტიდეფიშ</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ნუკლეოზიდი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">ნუკლეოზიდეფიშ</a> დო <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="კოფაქტორეფი (ხასჷლა ვა რე)">კოფაქტორეფიშ</a> სტრუქტურაშ დო სინთეზიშ მენცარული რკვიებაშ გეშა გინოჩეს <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ნობელიშ პრემია">ნობელიშ პრემია</a> ქიმიაშ დარგის 1957 წანას. რდჷ <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="კემბრიჯიშ უნივერსიტეტი">კემბრიჯიშ უნივერსიტეტიშ</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ორგანული ქიმია">ორგანული ქიმიაშ</a> პროფესორი 1944-1972 წანეფს დო ლონდონიშ ომაფე საზოგადოებაშ პრეზიდენტი 1975-1980 წანეფს. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ლიტერატურა"><span id=".E1.83.9A.E1.83.98.E1.83.A2.E1.83.94.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90.E1.83.A2.E1.83.A3.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90"></span>ლიტერატურა</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&veaction=edit&section=1" title="სექციაშ რედაქტირაფა: ლიტერატურა" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>რედაქტირაფა</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=1" title="გჷმნართიშ „ლიტერატურა“ წყუშ კოდიშ რედაქტირაფა"><span>წყუშ რედაქტირაფა</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Todd, Alexander (1983), A time to remember: the autobiography of a chemist, Cambridge University Press.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="რესურსეფი_ინტერნეტის"><span id=".E1.83.A0.E1.83.94.E1.83.A1.E1.83.A3.E1.83.A0.E1.83.A1.E1.83.94.E1.83.A4.E1.83.98_.E1.83.98.E1.83.9C.E1.83.A2.E1.83.94.E1.83.A0.E1.83.9C.E1.83.94.E1.83.A2.E1.83.98.E1.83.A1"></span>რესურსეფი ინტერნეტის</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&veaction=edit&section=2" title="სექციაშ რედაქტირაფა: რესურსეფი ინტერნეტის" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>რედაქტირაფა</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=edit&section=2" title="გჷმნართიშ „რესურსეფი ინტერნეტის“ წყუშ კოდიშ რედაქტირაფა"><span>წყუშ რედაქტირაფა</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/lord-alexander-todd/zkcm47h">ინტერვიუ ალექსანდერ რობერტუს ტოდიწკჷმა</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1957/todd/facts/">ალექსანდერ რობერტუს ტოდი Nobelprize.org-ის</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <p><br clear="all"" /></p><div align="center"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; padding:3px 7px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:P_wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="wikistub"><img alt="wikistub" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/P_wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-P_wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/P_wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-P_wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/P_wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-P_wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </td> <td><i> ათე სტატია <b>მერკე</b> რე. <br /><small>თქვა შეგილებუნა ქიმეხვარათ ვიკიპედიას დო <a class="external text" href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98&action=edit">გაგშათინათ დო გახვეიანათინ</a>.</small></i> </td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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