HOW TO: Handle query strings for Wordpress in nginx (like a crazy person would)

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id="searchform" class="searchform" action="https://403.ie/"> <div> <label class="screen-reader-text" for="s">Search for:</label> <input type="text" value="" name="s" id="s" /> <input type="submit" id="searchsubmit" value="Search" /> </div> </form> </div> <div id="code_block-120-20" class="ct-code-block" ></div><div id="fancy_icon-121-20" class="ct-fancy-icon oxy-close-modal" ><svg id="svg-fancy_icon-121-20"><use xlink:href="#FontAwesomeicon-close"></use></svg></div></div></div> </div> </div></div></div></header> <section id="section-9-67" class=" ct-section" style="background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(228,34,79,0.9), rgba(255,100,0,0.9)), url();background-size:auto, cover;" ><div class="ct-section-inner-wrap"><h1 id="headline-10-67" class="ct-headline conference-heading-one"><span id="span-11-67" class="ct-span" >HOW TO: Handle query strings for WordPress in nginx (like a crazy person would)</span></h1><div id="text_block-12-67" class="ct-text-block conference-subheading" ><span id="span-13-67" class="ct-span" >April 5, 2020</span></div></div></section><section id="section-3-67" class=" ct-section" ><div class="ct-section-inner-wrap"><div id="text_block-5-67" class="ct-text-block" ><span id="span-7-67" class="ct-span oxy-stock-content-styles conference-other-single" > <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p>You need a method for nginx to uniquely handle incoming requests that contain a specific query string. For the purposes of this guide, we'll be looking at proper handling of WordPress core's post/page password protection feature.</p></blockquote> <p>It's common practice for WordPress site admins to use nginx to <code>deny all</code> IPs except for a specific list, which they specify like <code>allow 123.123.123.123</code> on any requests to <code>wp-admin</code> or <code>wp-login.php</code></p> <p>The rule might look something like this:</p> <pre class="wp-block-code"><code lang="nginx" class="language-nginx"> location ~ ^/(wp-admin|wp-login\.php) { allow 123.123.123.123; allow 456.456.456.456; allow 789.789.789.789; deny all; }</code></pre> <p>This way, only pre-approved users (administrators, editors, etc.) can access the login page. </p> <p>But an interesting problem arises if your WordPress site has public facing posts or pages that are set to Password Protected:</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img decoding="async" src="https://403.ie/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Screenshot-2020-04-05-at-10.33.02.png" alt="" class="wp-image-4472"/></figure> <p>These might be posts that are directed to a different userbase than admins/editors (ie. a customer mailing list, or staff associated with the website's company who are not involved in maintaining it).</p> <p>Once a page is set to use WordPress core's password protected feature, frontend users need to enter the correct password which is validated through <code>wp-login.php</code>. Here's what the password submission request looks like:</p> <pre class="wp-block-code"><code lang="bash" class="language-bash">https://YOUR_DOMAIN.com/wp-login.php?action=postpass</code></pre> <p>Naturally, as long as the user does not have their IP whitelisted in nginx - they will be blocked by nginx before WordPress can validate the password. </p> <p>Somewhat less obviously, the site admins/editors won't know about this problem, even if they test themselves because they are whitelisted already.</p> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">A solution</h4> <p>One way to handle this is to exempt requests that contain the query string <code>postpass</code>, from the location block that performs the whitelisting check. This way, only WordPress will be responsible for validation of password protected page, not nginx .</p> <p>While we can't make nginx match a query string in a location block. Something like <code>location ~ ^?action=postpass {allow all}</code> will NOT work. Location blocks match for URIs, not query strings.</p> <p>But we can get a little creative and use nginx's error page handler:</p> <pre class="wp-block-code"><code lang="nginx" class="language-nginx">error_page 418 = @passwordprotected; if ( $query_string ~ "postpass" ) { return 418; } location @passwordprotected { allow all; }</code></pre> <p>The first line instantiates a new <em>"error"</em> page that responds with a 418 status code. You can pick any number but don't use an existing http status code like 200, 301, 402, 503, etc. You can find a full list of http status codes at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes</a>.</p> <p>The second line instructs nginx to send that 418 response to a request if the query string <code>postpass</code> is present.</p> <p>The third line opens a location block that specifies what the "error" response does. In this case, the "error" simply allows all IPs access, overriding the existing whitelist.</p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"><p><strong>Fun fact:</strong> 418 is technically a recognised status code "I'm a teapot". It was part of an <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status/418">April fool's joke in 1998</a>. </p></blockquote> </span></div><div id="code_block-4-67" class="ct-code-block" ></div></div></section><section id="section-14-67" class=" ct-section" ><div class="ct-section-inner-wrap"></div></section></div><section id="section-13-42" class=" ct-section" ><div class="ct-section-inner-wrap"><a id="link-42-42" class="ct-link conference-logo" href="https://403.ie" target="_self" ><img id="image-43-42" alt="403 Labs" src="https://403.ie/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/New-Project-1-svg.svg" class="ct-image"/></a></div></section></div>   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-W2V0BSPHH2"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-W2V0BSPHH2'); </script> <style>.ct-FontAwesomeicon-search{width:0.92857142857143em}</style> <style>.ct-FontAwesomeicon-close{width:0.78571428571429em}</style> <?xml version="1.0"?><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" style="position: absolute; 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document.removeEventListener( "scroll", activityDetected ); showModal( modal ); } }, 100); break; case "after_number_of_page_views": var modalId = modal.querySelector('.ct-modal').id; var pageViews = localStorage && localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-page-views'] ? parseInt( localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-page-views'] ) : 0; pageViews++; if( localStorage ) localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-page-views'] = pageViews; if( parseInt( jQuery( modal ).data( 'number_of_page_views' ) ) == pageViews ) { if( localStorage ) localStorage['oxy-' + modalId + '-page-views'] = 0; showModal( modal ); } break; } // add event handler to close modal automatically after AJAX form submit if( $modal.data( 'close-after-form-submit' ) == 'yes' ) { // Contact Form 7 if (typeof wpcf7 !== 'undefined') { $modal.find('div.wpcf7').each(function () { var $form = jQuery(this).find('form'); this.addEventListener('wpcf7submit', function (event) { if (event.detail.contactFormId == $form.attr("id")) { setTimeout(function () { hideModal(modal); }, 3000); } }, false); }); } // Caldera Forms document.addEventListener( "cf.submission", function(event){ // Pending, Caldera AJAX form submissions aren't working since Oxygen 2.2, see: https://github.com/soflyy/oxygen/issues/1638 }); // Ninja Forms jQuery(document).on("nfFormSubmitResponse", function(event, response){ // Only close the modal if the event was triggered from a Ninja Form inside the modal if( $modal.find("#nf-form-" + response.id + "-cont").length > 0 ) { setTimeout(function () { hideModal(modal); }, 3000); } }); } })( modal ); }); // handle clicks on modal backdrop and on .oxy-close-modal jQuery("body").on('click touchend', '.oxy-modal-backdrop, .oxy-close-modal', function( event ) { var $this = jQuery( this ); var $target = jQuery( event.target ); // Click event in the modal div and it's children is propagated to the backdrop if( !$target.hasClass( 'oxy-modal-backdrop' ) && !$this.hasClass( 'oxy-close-modal' ) ) { //event.stopPropagation(); return; } if( $target.hasClass( 'oxy-modal-backdrop' ) && $this.hasClass( 'oxy-not-closable' ) ) { return; } if( $this.hasClass( 'oxy-close-modal' ) ) event.preventDefault(); var $modal = $this.hasClass( 'oxy-close-modal' ) ? $this.closest('.oxy-modal-backdrop') : $this; hideModal( $modal[0] ); }); jQuery(document).keyup( function(e){ if( e.key == 'Escape' ){ jQuery(".oxy-modal-backdrop:visible").each(function(index){ if( jQuery(this).data("close_on_esc") == 'on' ) hideModal(this); }); } } ); }); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='oxygen-aos-css' href='https://403.ie/wp-content/mu-plugins/oxygen/component-framework/vendor/aos/aos.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" id="mkaz-code-syntax-prism-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var prism_settings = {"pluginUrl":"https:\/\/403.ie\/wp-content\/plugins\/code-syntax-block\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://403.ie/wp-content/plugins/code-syntax-block/assets/prism/prism.js?ver=1724272885" id="mkaz-code-syntax-prism-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="superpwa-register-sw-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var superpwa_sw = {"url":"\/superpwa-sw.js?2.2.7","disable_addtohome":"1","enableOnDesktop":"","offline_message":"1","offline_message_txt":"You are currently offline."}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://403.ie/wp-content/plugins/super-progressive-web-apps/public/js/register-sw.js" id="superpwa-register-sw-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://403.ie/wp-content/mu-plugins/oxygen/component-framework/vendor/aos/aos.js?ver=1" id="oxygen-aos-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="ct-footer-js"> AOS.init({ }) jQuery('body').addClass('oxygen-aos-enabled'); </script><style type="text/css" id="ct_code_block_css_100113"> #fancy_icon-115-20 {cursor: pointer;}</style> <script type="text/javascript" id="ct_code_block_js_100120">focusSearch = function getFocus() { setTimeout( function() { document.getElementById('s').focus(); }, 800); } document.getElementById("s").placeholder = "What are you looking for?";</script> <style type="text/css" id="ct_code_block_css_100120">#s { width: 100%; font-family: Arial Black; font-size: 24px; color: rgba(238,7,110,0.8); } #searchsubmit {display:none;} input:focus, select:focus, textarea:focus, button:focus { outline: none; } #_search_form-118-20 input { border-bottom: 3px solid rgba(238,7,110,0.8); } ::placeholder { color: rgba(238,7,110,0.8); } .oxy-modal-backdrop.live { position: absolute !important; }</style> <style type="text/css" id="ct_code_block_css_4">.conference-other-single h1, .conference-other-single h2, .conference-other-single h3, .conference-other-single h4, .conference-other-single h5, .conference-other-single h6 { color: #5157c6; line-height: 1.3; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: .4em; text-transform: uppercase; background: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, #5157c6, #ee076e); -webkit-background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; } .conference-other-single h1 { font-size: 56px; } .conference-other-single h2 { font-size: 48px; font-family: Arial Black, Gadget, sans-serif; } .conference-other-single h3 { font-size: 38px; padding-top: 30px; font-family: Arial Black, Gadget, sans-serif; } .conference-other-single h4 { font-size: 32px; padding-top: 30px; } .conference-other-single h5 { font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 1.2; } .conference-other-single h6 { font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: 2px; } .conference-other-single blockquote { color: #000; padding: 4px 40px; margin-left: 12px; margin-right: 0; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.6em; border-left: 4px solid #5157c6; } .conference-other-single img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; } .conference-other-single p { max-width: 100%; height: auto; font-size: 20px; color: #000; } .conference-other-single ol li { counter-increment: list; list-style-type: none; position: relative; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 1em; } /* Output the numbers using the counter() function, but use a custom color, and position the numbers how we want */ .conference-other-single ol li:before { color: #E64034; content: counter(list) "."; left: -36px; font-weight: 700; position: absolute; text-align: right; width: 1.5em; } .conference-other-single ul li { counter-increment: list; list-style-type: none; position: relative; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 1em; } /* Output the numbers using the counter() function, but use a custom color, and position the numbers how we want */ .conference-other-single ul li:before { color: #E64034; content:"•"; left: -44px; position: absolute; text-align: right; width: 1.5em; font-weight: 900; } .conference-other-single .wp-caption-text { color: rgba(0,0,0,0.3); font-style: italic; font-size: 16px; margin-top: 0; } .conference-other-single { color: #000; font-size: 18px; } .conference-other-single a { color: #FF4C1C; text-decoration: none; background: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, #5157c6, #ee076e); -webkit-background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; } .conference-other-single a:hover { background: -webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, #ee076e, #5157c6); -webkit-background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent; } .conference-other-single .wp-caption.alignnone { width: 100% !important; } .conference-other-single img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; } pre { white-space: normal !important; color: black; } #span-7-67 { max-width: 80vw !important; } </style>  </body> </html>

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