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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Kongo+%28volk%29" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Kongo+%28volk%29" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kongo (volk)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 44 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-44" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">44 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88" title="شعب الكونغو – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعب الكونغو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88" title="شعب كونجو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شعب كونجو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%DB%8C" title="کنقو خالقی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کنقو خالقی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Конга (народ) – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Конга (народ)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Конго (народ) – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Конго (народ)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_(grup_hum%C3%A0)" title="Kongo (grup humà) – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kongo (grup humà)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongov%C3%A9" title="Kongové – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kongové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo-folket" title="Kongo-folket – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kongo-folket" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakongo" title="Bakongo – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bakongo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_people" title="Kongo people – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kongo people" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongoj" title="Kongoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kongoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_(etnia)" title="Kongo (etnia) – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kongo (etnia)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_(herria)" title="Kongo (herria) – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kongo (herria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88" title="مردم کنگو – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم کنگو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongot" title="Kongot – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kongot" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongos" title="Kongos – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kongos" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobo_congo" title="Pobo congo – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobo congo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%95_(%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA)" title="קונגו (קבוצה אתנית) – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קונגו (קבוצה אתנית)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Kongo" title="Suku Kongo – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Kongo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_(popolo)" title="Kongo (popolo) – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kongo (popolo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B4%E4%BA%BA" title="コンゴ人 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コンゴ人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak%C3%B4ngo" title="Bakôngo – Kongolees" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Bakôngo" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongolees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE_(%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B)" title="Конго (халық) – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Конго (халық)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%A9%EA%B3%A0%EC%A1%B1" title="콩고족 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콩고족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakongo" title="Bakongo – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bakongo" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak%C9%94%CC%81ng%C9%94" title="Bakɔ́ngɔ – Lingaals" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Bakɔ́ngɔ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakongai" title="Bakongai – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bakongai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak%C3%B4ng%C3%B4_(vahoaka)" title="Bakôngô (vahoaka) – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bakôngô (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B" title="ബകോംഗോ – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബകോംഗോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5)" title="Конго (раське) – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Конго (раське)" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_(volk)" title="Kongo (volk) – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kongo (volk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_(folk)" title="Kongo (folk) – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kongo (folk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_(plemi%C4%99)" title="Kongo (plemię) – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kongo (plemię)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congos" title="Congos – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Congos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Конго (народ) – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конго (народ)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakongo" title="Bakongo – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bakongo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakongo" title="Vakongo – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Vakongo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_(folk)" title="Kongo (folk) – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kongo (folk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81" title="காங்கோ இனக்குழு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காங்கோ இனக்குழு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo_halk%C4%B1" title="Kongo halkı – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kongo halkı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Конго (народ) – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Конго (народ)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF" title="کانگو لوگ – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کانگو لوگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo" title="Kongo – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kongo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="刚果人 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="刚果人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q640090#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox bordered" align="right" style="width: 22em; font-size: 95%; text-align: left;" cellpadding="3"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: larger; background-color: #b08261; color: #fee8ab;">Kongo </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Kongo_people2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Kongo_people2.jpg/300px-Kongo_people2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Kongo_people2.jpg/450px-Kongo_people2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Kongo_people2.jpg/600px-Kongo_people2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span><br />Kongo-jeugdiges in <a href="/wiki/Kinshasa" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #fee8ab; color:inherit;">Totale bevolking: </th> <td style="background-color: #fff6d9; color:inherit;">ca. 10 miljoen </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #fee8ab; color:inherit;">Belangrike bevolkings  in: </th> <td style="background-color: #fff6d9; color:inherit;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Angola.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Angola"><img alt="Vlag van Angola" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/22px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/33px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/44px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Demokratiese_Republiek_die_Kongo" title="Demokratiese Republiek die Kongo">Demokratiese Republiek die Kongo</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Republic of the Congo"><img alt="Flag of the Republic of the Congo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Republiek_die_Kongo" title="Republiek die Kongo">Kongo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #fee8ab; color:inherit;">Taal: </th> <td style="background-color: #fff6d9; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Kongo_(taal)" title="Kongo (taal)">Kongo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lingala" title="Lingala">Lingala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugees" title="Portugees">Portugees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #fee8ab; color:inherit;">Geloofsoortuiging: </th> <td style="background-color: #fff6d9; color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">Christendom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tradisionele_Afrika-godsdiens" title="Tradisionele Afrika-godsdiens">Tradisionele Afrika-godsdiens</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #fee8ab; color:inherit;">Verwante etniese groepe: </th> <td style="background-color: #fff6d9; color:inherit;">Ander <a href="/wiki/Bantoevolke" title="Bantoevolke">Bantoevolke</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Kongo_people_in_Africa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kongo_people_in_Africa.png/220px-Kongo_people_in_Africa.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kongo_people_in_Africa.png/330px-Kongo_people_in_Africa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Kongo_people_in_Africa.png/440px-Kongo_people_in_Africa.png 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Tuiste van die Kongovolk</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Angola_Ethnic_map_1970-de.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Angola_Ethnic_map_1970-de.svg/220px-Angola_Ethnic_map_1970-de.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Angola_Ethnic_map_1970-de.svg/330px-Angola_Ethnic_map_1970-de.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Angola_Ethnic_map_1970-de.svg/440px-Angola_Ethnic_map_1970-de.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="786" /></a><figcaption>Verspreiding van etniese groepe in Angola, 1970 (beige: Kongo)</figcaption></figure> <p>Die <b>Kongo</b> (<a href="/wiki/Kongo_(taal)" title="Kongo (taal)">Kongo</a>: <i>Esikongo</i>, eenvoud: <i>Mwisikngo</i>, ook <i>Bakongo</i>, eenvoud: <i>Mukongo</i>) is 'n <a href="/wiki/Etniese_groep" title="Etniese groep">etniese groep</a> inheems aan die <a href="/wiki/Kongorivier" title="Kongorivier">Kongorivier</a> se monding in die <a href="/wiki/Atlantiese_Oseaan" title="Atlantiese Oseaan">Atlantiese Oseaan</a>. Hulle leef veral in die drie lande <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a>, die <a href="/wiki/Demokratiese_Republiek_die_Kongo" title="Demokratiese Republiek die Kongo">Demokratiese Republiek die Kongo</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Republiek_die_Kongo" title="Republiek die Kongo">Republiek die Kongo</a>. In Angola vorm hulle sowat 13% van die bevolking en bevolk dié land se noordweste noord van die <a href="/wiki/Hoofstad" title="Hoofstad">hoofstad</a> <a href="/wiki/Luanda" title="Luanda">Luanda</a> (provinsies <a href="/wiki/Zaire-provinsie" title="Zaire-provinsie">Zaire</a> en <a href="/wiki/U%C3%ADge-provinsie" title="Uíge-provinsie">Uíge</a>), insluitende die <a href="/wiki/Enklawe" title="Enklawe">eksklave</a> <a href="/wiki/Cabinda_(provinsie)" title="Cabinda (provinsie)">Cabinda</a>. In die Demokratiese Republiek die Kongo vorm hulle met sowat 48% die grootste etniese groep en bewoon die westelike deel van dié land wes van die hoofstad <a href="/wiki/Kinshasa" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a>. In die Republiek die Kongo vorm hulle sowat 12% van dié land se bevolking en bewoon die suidelike streek langs die Kongorivier, veral rondom die hoofstad <a href="/wiki/Brazzaville" title="Brazzaville">Brazzaville</a> en die hawestad <a href="/wiki/Pointe-Noire" title="Pointe-Noire">Pointe-Noire</a>. </p><p>Die Kongo is veral bekend vir die gesentraliseerde en goed georganiseerde Koninkryk Kongo (1390–1914) met sy hoofstad <a href="/wiki/M%27Banza_Kongo" title="M'Banza Kongo">M'Banza Kongo</a> (in Noordoos-Angola) wat in 2017 deur <a href="/wiki/Unesco" title="Unesco">Unesco</a> as 'n <a href="/wiki/W%C3%AArelderfenisgebied" title="Wêrelderfenisgebied">wêrelderfenisgebied</a> gelys is.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hulle praat veral Kongo as <a href="/wiki/Moedertaal" title="Moedertaal">moedertaal</a>, wat uit verskeie <a href="/wiki/Dialek" title="Dialek">dialekte</a> bestaan en in die destydse <a href="/wiki/Za%C3%AFre" title="Zaïre">Zaïre</a> gestandaardiseer is. In onlangse tye het <a href="/wiki/Lingala" title="Lingala">Lingala</a> 'n belangrike <a href="/wiki/Tweede_taal" title="Tweede taal">tweede taal</a> geword wat vanaf Kinshasa versprei het. Daarbenewens is die ou koloniale Europese tale <a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a> en <a href="/wiki/Portugees" title="Portugees">Portugees</a> in die alledaagse lewe belangrik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kongo_(volk)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kongo_(volk)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1511">"Mbanza Kongo, Vestiges of the Capital of the former Kingdom of Kongo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Unesco" title="Unesco">Unesco</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200502044101/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1511">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 Mei 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mbanza+Kongo%2C+Vestiges+of+the+Capital+of+the+former+Kingdom+of+Kongo&rft.pub=Unesco&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F1511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKongo+%28volk%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kongo_(volk)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kongo_(volk)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kikuyu_people" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kikuyu people">Kongo (volk)</a>.</li> <li><span style="font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);" title="Taal: Engels">(<span style="border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">en</span>) </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kongo-people">"Kongo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kongo&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FKongo-people&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AKongo+%28volk%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="notice metadata plainlinks" id="saadjie"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Saadjie" title="Wikipedia:Saadjie"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/45px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/68px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/90px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> <i>Hierdie artikel is ’n <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Saadjie" title="Wikipedia:Saadjie">saadjie</a>. Voel vry om Wikipedia te help deur dit <a class="external text" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kongo_(volk)&action=edit">uit te brei</a>.</i></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640090&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640090&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640090" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119875326">cb119875326</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119875326">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85011094">sh85011094</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027940381">027940381</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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